Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Harmonisation'
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Cabral, Giordano. "Harmonisation automatique en temps réel." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066236.
Full textFritz, Susanne, and Christina Lämmle. "The International harmonisation process of Accounting Standards." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1554.
Full textBackground: Growth in international trade and capital flows has triggered a rising economic integration. Because of these developments there has been an international homogenising effect upon many customs, practices and institutions. In business life it led among other things to a desire to harmonise Accounting Standards among countries.
Purpose: Our purpose is to answer the question: What is the international harmonisation process of Accounting Standards, what is its status quo and how important is the International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) in it?
Realisation: In order to fulfil this purpose, we have chosen a descriptive approach, which is based on secondary data from textbooks, articles and homepages.
Result: The international harmonisation of Accounting Standards is a process, which brings international Accounting Standards into some sort of agreement, in order to achieve a common set of principles, according to which financial statements from different countries are prepared. With the support of the IASB of the European Union (EU), 7000 European companies have to use International Accounting Standards (IAS) beginning 2005. Furthermore, the long existing rejection of IAS of the U.S. seems to change. Co-ordination of agendas of both standard-setting boards (IASB and Financial Accounting Standard Board (FASB) have been announced. We conclude, that the IASB plays a major role in the field of international harmonisation. This could be explained with achievements of the IASB, as for example the International Organisation of Security Commissions (IOSCO) Endorsement, EU regulation or the recent agreement of FASB and IASB to co-ordinate their work.
Tridimas, Panagiotis. "Harmonisation of securities regulation in the EEC." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317933.
Full textDiggle, Graham. "European accounting harmonisation and German accounting change." Thesis, University of Reading, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308037.
Full textBouzou, Zoubaïda. "L' harmonisation des politiques des organisations internationales." Nice, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NICE0054.
Full textThe use of harmonized techniques is justified by the international organizations as being a strategy for a more efficient global cooperation. After many attempts for a better cooperation between international organizations during the former decades, the research for international strategies being more effective seemed to be necessary in order to avoid coordination difficulties or diminishing at least such risks. This concrete approach makes a compelling case for the preponderance of operational harmonized practices. In our global world, it seems that neither organ, nor organization nor instrument could face alone all the matters relating to the global public goods or the development financing. In other words, harmonization could be an opportunity in order to reach a better globalization management. Nevertheless, it could also be a strategy that brings news techniques for the practice of global governance. This work demonstrates that global governance has become a multi-layered process within which states and non-state actors alike play vital, if often conflicting roles. The debate referring to the existing or non existing link between the action incentives and its effects is definitely relevant. Harmonization could actually be a political objective more than a simple coherence policy of the international system. Harmonization could eventually be a policy from which the last emerging incentive would be the power-taking by the more influent actors according to a new method of action
Perdiz, Daniel. "Harmonisation européenne en pharmacovigilance, implication du pharmacien." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P243.
Full textLecossois, Delphine. "La determination du prix : quelle harmonisation? quel avenir?" Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23911.
Full textTo avoid these consequences, a great harmonization has been undertaken since 1929. This effort resulted first in the adoption of the articles 14 and 55 of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods. However, these articles conflict with one another and this results in several possible interpretation by the national courts.
A work of harmonization has been completed since then by UNIDROIT and resulted in the adoption of the General Principles of International Commercial Contracts.
The purpose of this thesis is to criticize the open price system adopted by UNIDROIT and analyse the future of such a principle in the international and national settings.
Because of their extreme divergence this study will compare the Uniform Commercial Code's open price system and the French civil code.
Chang, Mann-Long. "Harmonisation of procedural law in international commercial arbitration." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/9931.
Full textHojabr, Ghelichi Alexis. "L' harmonisation du droit de la faillite internationale." Paris 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA020038.
Full textMurr, Bachir El. "Harmonisation fiscale et développement économique au Proche-Orient." Montpellier 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON10023.
Full textLezotre, Pierre-Louis. "Coopération internationale et harmonisation de la réglementation pharmaceutique." Thesis, Lille 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL20013.
Full textGlobalisation is a reality of the 21st century. The development, manufacture and distribution of medicines have been internationalised. This increased globalisation has fundamentally changed the environment for regulating medicines and created unique regulatory challenges for all stakeholders. The regulatory paradigm has indeed changed from national to international and international pharmaceutical norms and standards are more important than ever before. International cooperation and harmonisation of the pharmaceutical regulation has became the only clear choice to meet the fundamental human right to have access to high quality, safe and effective medicines in both developed and developing countries.In this context, many cooperative initiatives have been established at the bilateral, regional and global levels and harmonisation efforts have been enhanced. All these initiatives have taken a variety of forms, from informal cooperation to full integration of regulatory systems.This document provides the current status of this complex and broad phenomenon of cooperation and harmonisation in the pharmaceutical sector (Part I), thoroughly evaluates its added value and its critical parameters and influencing factors (Part II) in order to recommend actions and measures to support the next steps for cooperation and harmonisation (Part III). All these recommendations support the establishment of a better coordinated global pharmaceutical system which represents the best realistic alternative to fulfil the objective to establish a global coalition of regulators and to respond to an increased demand to further cooperation in the pharmaceutical sector. This proposed framework, which leverages all the on-going positive cooperation initiatives and uses as foundations all the numerous harmonisation projects developed over the years, presents advantages for all stakeholders and would definitively have significant added value to the promotion and protection of global public health
Aisbitt, Sally. "The harmonisation of financial reporting in the Nordic countries." Thesis, University of Reading, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324997.
Full textGretschel, Andreas. "Tax discrimination and tax harmonisation in the European Union." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.401427.
Full textDelvaille, Pascale. "L' harmonisation comptable européenne en droit et en pratique." Paris 9, 2001. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2001PA090025.
Full textPuerto, Martinez Roland. "L' harmonisation des intérêts individuels : marché et espace public." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010035.
Full textAttia, Syrine. "L' harmonisation communautaire et internationale de l'information légale financière." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010274.
Full textMignard, Jean-Pierre. "Cybercriminalité et cyber-répression entre désordre et harmonisation mondiale." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010310.
Full textGuilloteau, Thierry. "Prix du médicament dans l'union européenne : vers une harmonisation ?" Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR2P015.
Full textJetha, Fahranaz. "Une nécessaire harmonisation internationale de la lutte anti-blanchiment." Thesis, La Réunion, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LARE0031.
Full textThe transposition of the 3rd European directive published in 2005 dealing with anti-money laundering in French law bas taken effect since the 2009 order on the prevention of the use of the financial system for the purpose of money laundering and terrorist financing. It is a fundamental text for any professional subject to the anti-money laundering plan of action. The introduction of the notion of proportionality in the duty of care conf ers a real flexibility on the transactions control regime. This transition from an inflexible control to a new control based on the risk presented by the operation may however raise concems. Is this "risk approach" not hazardous according to excesses it might lead to? Do the new measures imposing adjustable obligations depending on the risk of laundering prove to be more satisfactory theoretically speaking? Are they more effective in practice? Are they compatible with the other obligations the professionals - actors of the fight against money laundering - are required to comply with? Moreover, to what extent was the transposition of the European directive retained by the French criminal law the only possible transposition or, at least, the most relevant. Is the real solution not to be found in the adoption of an international money laundering incrimination? ln other words, it is not just a question of standardizing European and even international legislations but also of unifying these legislations and creating a new criminal offence in the intemational criminal law, an offence accompanied by specific procedural regulations
Jaafar, A. Aziz. "Accounting harmonisation in Europe : country effects and sector effects." Thesis, Bangor University, 2004. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/accounting-harmonisation-in-europe--country-effects-and-sector-effects(1c582a11-9d1c-4ca1-9ffc-6240975802c6).html.
Full textVondra, Klaus. "Between Tax Competition and Harmonisation. A Survey on Tax Coordination." SFB International Tax Coordination, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2006. http://epub.wu.ac.at/808/1/document.pdf.
Full textSeries: Discussion Papers SFB International Tax Coordination
Elad, Charles Mfontem. "Influences on the harmonisation of accounting and disclosure in Cameroon." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1992. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/811/.
Full textWilliamson, Virginia. "Perception and practice : participation, evaluation and aid harmonisation in Ethiopia." Thesis, University of Bath, 2010. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.659134.
Full textOliveira, Inês Sofia de. "Anti-money laundering : the conditions for global governance and harmonisation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15922.
Full textWongburanavart, Archariya. "A harmonisation of intellectual property law in EU and ASEAN." Thesis, Durham University, 2016. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11973/.
Full textPereira, Ricardo M. "The harmonisation of environmental criminal law in the European Union." Thesis, University of Essex, 2009. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.502195.
Full textElad, Charles M. "Influences on the harmonisation of accounting and disclosure in Cameroon." Connect to e-thesis, 1992. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/811/.
Full textMerkt, Benoît. "Harmonisation internationale et entraide administrative internationale en droit de la concurrence /." Bern [u.a.] : Lang, 2000. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sbb-berlin/322305004.pdf.
Full textGonzaÌlez, SaÌnchez Elena. "Harmonisation of the tax connecting factors in the EC for companies." Thesis, Brunel University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288891.
Full textNdzinge, Shabani. "Regional harmonisation of accounting in developing countries : the case of SADCC." Thesis, University of Kent, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360286.
Full textMakwaiba, Emmanuel Themba Junior. "Harmonisation of corporate governance laws in the Southern African Development Community." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5082.
Full textIn terms of the SADC Regional Indicative Strategic Development Plan (RISDP), the main objective of the community is to achieve a monetary union through the creation of a regional central bank by 2016 and adoption of a single currency by 2018 in a systematic and progressive manner. The envisaged monetary union in the SADC is premised on a number of economic and financial regulations aimed at stimulating efforts by member states to achieve deeper forms of regional integration. The latter imperatives include a harmonised payment system as well as a corporate governance system among others. Nonetheless it is surprising how the pace of the process has been very subpar taking into consideration that it is the year 2015 and there has been no clear carved out legislation in any form which deals with the aspect of corporate governance raises concerns. This study serves as not only a reminder but also gives guidelines to taking progressive steps towards harmonised systems of law to ensure the efficient running of companies in SADC. This study is predicated upon other successful systems and the lessons that SADC could make use of as examples in creating a robust system of laws to ensure good corporate governance and in the long run the fulfilment of the concept of a monetary union.
Shakela, Wilhelmina Ndatjoonawa. "The minerals investment environment in Namibia : aftermath of SADC harmonisation attempts." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65723.
Full textMini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Public Law
LLM
Unrestricted
Goordeen, Sohana. "The test for wrongful arrest of vessels: in search of harmonisation." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29667.
Full textMunyombwe, Theresa. "The harmonisation of stroke datasets : a case study of four UK datasets." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/13511/.
Full textMarmo, Marinella. "European criminal justice : judicial harmonisation processes in Italy and England & Wales." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.431744.
Full textMcParland, Clare. "European investment valuation practices and implications for the harmonisation of valuation standards." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342318.
Full textCosta, Catherine. "Harmonisation fiscale européenne : utilisation d'un modèle à générations imbriquées à deux pays." Aix-Marseille 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX24019.
Full textBrou, Kouakou N' Guessan Jean Claude. "Harmonisation de politiques économiques et dette publique dans les pays d’Afrique subsaharienne." Thesis, Pau, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PAUU2079.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is threefold. First, we link debt to the regional context governed by the convergence criteria. After comparing the situation of sub-Saharan African countries in general with that of the Regional Economic Communities, we analyze the relationship between public debt and economic growth and assess the relevance of the debt limitation criteria. We question the role of membership in a regional grouping in reducing the level of debt. In a second step, we conduct an analysis focused on the convergence and explosiveness of the debt, in order to suggest re-groupings basedon the level of indebtedness. In a third step, we apply innovative methods, initially used in the analysis of heart rates, DNA segmentation, neurons or cloud structure, to examine the debt problem. These methods, which have never before been applied to this problem, have enabled us to highlight important aspects of public debt in the regional context of sub-Saharan African countries. It thus appears that the limitation criteria in place in the RECs are well and truly justified. The heterogeneity even within these countries has led us to recommend groupings based on fiscal regulation and fiscal convergence.It is therefore possible to doubt the relevance of setting up a common or single policy at the continental level. All the more so since it is emphasized that debt thresholds are not fixed and depend on the specific characteristics of each country. Moreover, regional grouping should no longer be exclusively geographical but rather political. The application of the recent MF-DFA methodologyreveals that South Africa’s public debt is characterized by a long memory effect leading to a multifractal character
Binon, André. "Harmonisation européenne des droits d’accises sur les produits pétroliers : insuffisances et perspectives." Paris 9, 2005. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2005PA090059.
Full textCostea, Lydia. "Harmonisation de la fiscalité du revenu et du capital dans l'Union européenne." Rouen, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ROUED003.
Full textRome treaty in 1957 created the European Union, and has built an economic union with CEE, CECA, EURATOM. Next, it had begun to create a politic and monetary union with free financial market and the creating of the central European bank. Next, the European identity had been created with the Maastricht treaty and Europe had politics law with Amsterdam treaty. European taxation authorities, which harmonization has been approached in the Rome treaty articles (n. 95, 100, 220), have result with tumovers taxes, with TVA commune system, harmonization with capital taxes, especially with societies taxes, registration fees and shares fees. But, in the intention to make easier the development of international trade, each country developed an important network of international taxes agreements. Theses internationals laws add with internals countries laws but they don't take the place of internal countries laws. The beginning of "euro" makes easers European trade, "Shengen" conventions make free movements in Europe, and makes easer setting up in countries people and societies with choice to leave in. People would choice working in countries because they would like to escape to taxes. This situation gives tax evasion with domicile transfer to countries with zero tax haven. A law project in 1999, adopts measures to make a stand against zero tax haven, given the same measure than the 209th article of french revenue code. Some societies make a profit with this situation, 209th and 238th articles have been known against profits realised in countries with zero haven taxes. The differents European Union rates systems become to localize revenues in countries where people want to be taxed. The european harmonization show two ways : make a stand against zero taxe haven, results with disparities of rates systems in European union countries and with economic work
Gauthier, Stephan. "Le juge judiciaire juge électoral : vers une harmonisation du contentieux des élections." Aix-Marseille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX32022.
Full textElection judges jurisdiction is frequently overlooked insofar as elections under their security do not concern political mandates. Election law is classically considerred as a branch of the French constitutional and administrative law. Election processes were traditionally used for political purpose only. The election code confers the control of ballots upon the public law. Administration and constitution judges carry out an election judge function ; their rulings frequently lead to the definition of principles and techniques used in that area. However, democratization has been expanding to most economic and social sectors. Judiciary judges, on the other hand, have jurisdiction over private elections. This work is based on the following two parts. The first one deals with jurisdiction al matters of judiciary judges. Therefore the scope of their jurisdiction relevant election comittees and dispute settlement procedures are analyzed. Part two tackes the question of how election disputes are solved. The way to tackle with election dispute is similar to all election judges proving thereby that election law is a body law per se. The complexity and originality of the French election law are due to the distribution of powers between election judges, to the variety of election laws and to the special role performed by the election judges. Election law is mostly a pretorian one thanks to which election judges are endowed with a significant discretionary power. This study demonstrates that judiciary judges are genuine election judges trying to unify the election control in accordance with the election code. However, judiciary judges have few opportunities for action. As a result, I suggest that reforming the election code is both required and desirable
Moizard, Nicolas. "Harmonisation communautaire et protection nationale renforcée : l'exemple du droit du travail français." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010266.
Full textMahamat, Nasser Hassane. "Les lois pétrolières en Afrique centrale, les dispositions environnementales : efficacité et harmonisation." Nantes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NANT4004.
Full textGauthier, Stéphan. "Le juge judiciaire, juge électoral : vers une harmonisation du contentieux des élections /." Aix-en-Provence : Presses universitaires d'Aix-Marseille-PUAM, Faculté de droit et de science politique, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb411731247.
Full textLin, Yingxin. "Statistical modelling and machine learning for single cell data harmonisation and analysis." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/28034.
Full textDebouzy, Dominique. "Vers une harmonisation de la protection constitutionnelle des droits fondamentaux en Europe." Grenoble 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992GRE21008.
Full textProtection of fundamental rights in europe is specially grounded on the creation of a typical organ : constitucionnal courts. The garantees offered (irremovability, immunity) offset the political way the judges are chosen. The freedom they have has a a real influence above the decisions taken by these courts. Knowing about similar problems of right and society their decisions may be compared. For the first generation's rights there is an equivalent protection in the four states studied. The historical and political specifities of each country have a slight influence on the protection of the second generation's right. So it is possible to envisage and european harmonization in the protection of fundamental rights
Roca, Vincent. "Harmonisation multicentrique d'images IRM du cerveau avec des modèles génératifs non-supervisés." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILS060.
Full textMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables the acquisition of brain images used in the study of neurologic and psychiatric diseases. MR images are more and more used in statistical studies to identify biomarkers and for predictive models. To improve statistical power, these studies sometimes pool data acquired with different machines, which may introduce technical variability and bias into the analysis of biological variabilities. In the last few years, harmonization methods have been proposed to limit the impact of these variabilities. Many studies have notably worked on generative models based on unsupervised deep learning. The doctoral research is within the context of these models, which constitute a promising but still exploratory research field. In the first part of this manuscript, a review of the prospective harmonization methods is proposed. Different methods consisting in normalization applied at the image level, domain translation or style transfer are described to understand their respective issues, with a special focus on unsupervised generative models. The second part is about the methods for evaluation of retrospective harmonization. A review of these methods is first conducted. The most common rely on “traveling” subjects to assume ground truths for harmonization. The review also presents evaluations employed in the absence of such subjects: study of inter-domain differences, biological patterns and performances of predictive models. Experiments showing limits of some approaches commonly employed and important points to consider for their use are then proposed. The third part presents a new model for harmonization of brain MR images based on a CycleGAN architecture. In contrast with the previous works, the model is three-dimensional and processes full volumes. MR images from six datasets that vary in terms of acquisition parameters and age distributions are used to test the method. Analyses of intensity distributions, brain volumes, image quality metrics and radiomic features show an efficient homogenisation between the different sites of the study. Next, the conservation and the reinforcement of biological patterns are demonstrated with an analysis of the evolution of gray-matter volume estimations with age, experiments of age prediction, ratings of radiologic patterns in the images and a supervised evaluation with a traveling subject dataset. The fourth part also presents an original harmonization method with major updates of the first one in order to establish a “universal” generator able to harmonize images without knowing their domain of origin. After a training with data acquired on eleven MRI scanners, experiments on images from sites not seen during the training show a reinforcement of brain patterns relative to age and Alzheimer after harmonization. Moreover, comparisons with other intensity harmonization approaches suggest that the model is more efficient and more robust to different tasks subsequent to harmonization. These different works are a significant contribution to the domain of retrospective harmonization of brain MR images. The bibliographic documentations indeed provide a methodological knowledge base for the future studies in this domain, whether for harmonization in itself or for validation. In addition, the two developed models are two robust tools publicly available that may be integrated in future MRI multicenter studies
Mattew, Ilona. "Additional regulatory review pathways can facilitate faster dossier approvals in South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7878.
Full textThe objective of the study was to perform a comparative review of pathways, timelines and improvements of countries with markets that the South African Health Products Authority (SAHPRA) benchmark themselves against. Furthermore, this study intends to identify the factors that improved and accelerated submissions and approval process in investigated countries and potential introduction of these strategies into the South African market.
Croteau, Anne-Marie. "Harmonisation du déploiement technologique avec la stratégie d'affaires, augmentation de la performance organisationelle." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0027/NQ36255.pdf.
Full textHaentjens, Matthias. "Harmonisation of securities law : custody and transfer of securities in European private law /." Alphen aan den Rijn : Kluwer Law International, 2007. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0803/2008270798.html.
Full text