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Chen, Feng, and 陳峰. "Harmonization of Chinese accounting standards with international accounting standards: necessity, progress andeffectiveness." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42576131.
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Peng, Songlan. "The Harmonization of Chinese Accounting Standards with International Accounting Standards: An Empirical Evaluation." VCU Scholars Compass, 2005. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/100400486.html.
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Chen, Feng. "Harmonization of Chinese accounting standards with international accounting standards : necessity, progress and effectiveness /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42576131.
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Wheeling, Barbara Mary. "Contextualizing the harmonization of accounting standards for foreign currency translation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0019/NQ46943.pdf.
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Kindberg, Anna, and Maria Persson. "The Connection between Accounting and Taxation : The most practical one in relation to accounting harmonization!" Thesis, Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-216.
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The harmonization of accounting among the member states of the EU has been going on since the late 1960s. In 2001 it was decided that all listed groups within the EU should use the accounting standards IAS/IFRS issued by the International Accounting Standards Board in their consolidated accounts from 2005. All countries are also free to allow use of IAS/IFRS in individual accounts as well if they want to, which would be a step towards further harmonization. The use of these standards imply a changed way of accounting, adapted to provide relevant information to the capital market instead of the traditional continental European use of the prudence concept of conservatism to protect creditors.
The use of these new standards creates problems in relation to the Swedish connection between accounting and taxation which implies that the financial accounting is the base for taxation. To continue to use this connection while introducing IAS/IFRS in individual accounts would have effects on the tax base as there will be a risk of distribution of untaxed profits and having to pay tax on unrealized profits. Therefore the purpose of this thesis is to investigate how the most practical connection between accounting and taxation in Sweden should be formulated within the near future in relation to the use of IAS/IFRS and the development of accounting harmonization within the EU.
To gain relevant data to be able to fulfill our purpose we have chosen a qualitative method. We have conducted four semi-structured interviews with five interviewees knowledgeable in accounting and taxation. The data retrieved through the interviews have been analyzed by the use of data reduction in matrixes.
Our overall conclusion is that the connection between accounting and taxation needs to be changed. The most likely and suitable solution in the near future would be to keep the connection where the accounting is used as a base for taxation and remove the connection where tax rules affects the accounting. We advocate a use of IAS/IFRS in individual accounts for larger companies and that potentially arising issues due to the kept connection will be solved with specific tax rules. We do not deem complete disengagement with development of a new tax rule system to be a usable solution at the moment. Furthermore, we cannot see any signs of accounting harmonization among SME:s within the near future.
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Alexander, David, Brebisson Hélène de, Cristina Circa, Eva Eberhartinger, Roberta Fasiello, Markus Grottke, and Joanna Krasodomska. "Philosophy of language and accounting." Emerald Publishing Limited, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/AAAJ-06-2017-2979.
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Purpose: Accounting practices vary not only across firms, but also across countries, reflecting the respective legal and cultural background. Attempts at harmonization therefore continue to be rebuffed. The purpose of this paper is to argue that different wordings in national laws, and different interpretations of similar wordings in national laws, can be explained by taking recourse to the philosophy of language, referring particularly to Searle and Wittgenstein.
Design/methodology/approach: The example of the substance over form principle, investigated in seven countries, is particularly suitable for this analysis. It is known in all accounting jurisdictions, but still has very different roots in different European countries, with European and international influences conflicting, which is reflected in the different wording of the principle from one country to the next, and the different socially constructed realities associated with those wordings.
Findings: This paper shows that, beyond accounting practices, the legal and cultural background of a country affects the wording of national law itself. The broad conclusion is that different socially constructed realities might tend to resist any attempt at harmonized socially constructed words.
Originality/value: The paper contributes to the debate surrounding the possible homogenization of accounting regulations, illustrating the theory of the social construction of both "reality" and "language" on the specific application of one common principle to various Member State environments.
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Secord, Peter. "Harmonization of accounting practices within NAFTA : history, environment, assessment and prospects." Thesis, University of Reading, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272285.
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Babinec, Matúš. "Harmonization of Accounting Treatment of Property, Plant, Equipment and Intangible Assets." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-4248.
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The globalization of world economy has inevitably affected also the movements in harmonization process of accounting standards around the world. International Financial Reporting Standards have become the ultimate accounting and reporting tool of most developed countries. The only remaining counterpart -- the US GAAP, is slowly subsiding to the enormous spread momentum that IFRS gained in recent years. In this setting I examine the application of International standards on accounting treatment of Property, Plant and Equipment, and also the Intangible Assets. Subsequently I compare this treatment to US GAAP and document all major differences still persistent at the end of year 2008. Considering that there are still many divergences between the two sets of standards, I try to document their impact on the reporting and presentation of financial statements of several blue chip companies. My analysis suggests that differences in reported numbers depending on standards chosen can distort comparability of financial statements and performance assessment, thus potentially biasing the decision making process of involved stakeholders.
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Paananen, Mari. "Harmonization of Accounting Practices Among IAS Firms Listed in the U.S. and Its Capital Market Implications." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4400/.
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The focus of the study is on financial reporting for non-U.S. firms registered with the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) but using International Accounting Standards (IAS). This study addresses two issues, (1) whether the comparability of financial reporting among firms using IAS in credit and equity financing jurisdictions increases over time and (2) the associated capital market implications. The motivation for the study is the SEC's ongoing assessment of IAS for possible use by non-U.S. registrants for listing and capital raising in the U.S. Previous research on variations in financial reporting practices has revealed distinctly different types of financial reporting depending on country of origin. Moreover, some research suggests that such differences in financial reporting tend to persist in spite of harmonization efforts of accounting standards. This study suggests that there may be a systematic difference between credit and equity firms' financial reporting that is manifested by the fact that credit firms' adjustments to U.S. GAAP are greater than the adjustments made by equity firms. This systematic difference has had the following capital market consequences for credit firms, (1) a decreasing strength of association between accounting earnings and share prices post-1994, (2) an increased bid-ask spread post-1994, and (3) a decreased trading volume post-1994. This may be an indication that on the average firms reporting under IAS fail to meet an important part of the SEC's second assessment criterion with respect to high quality and full disclosure, namely comparability. In addition, it seems that the revisions made by International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) have not resulted in more congruent financial reporting among firms reporting under IAS over time.
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Costa, Paulo. "O impacto da adoção do SNC no capital próprio das empresas portuguesas." Master's thesis, Escola Superior de Ciências Empresariais, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/5441.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Contabilidade e FinançasA aplicação do Plano Oficial de Contabilidade criou durante anos dificuldades de comparabilidade em termos de relato financeiro entre as empresas portuguesas e suas homólogas estrangeiras que utilizavam outros normativos. Em Portugal, o processo de harmonização contabilístico deu um passo importante, em 2005, aquando da adoção das normas internacionais de contabilidade por um determinado, mas restrito, grupo de empresas. Para as restantes, este processo deu-se com a aprovação do Sistema de Normalização Contabilística, que entrou em vigor no início de 2010. Com estas alterações Portugal aproxima-se das normas de relato financeiro aplicadas na maioria dos países europeus. Neste trabalho pretende-se analisar o impacto que a adoção do novo normativo contabilístico teve nos capitais próprios das empresas. Utilizando as últimas demonstrações financeiras apresentadas de acordo com o Plano Oficial de Contabilidade e as primeiras apresentadas de acordo com novo normativo comparamos os capitais próprios e através da análise de um conjunto de empresas verificamos os impactos daí resultantes. Do estudo conclui-se que, a adoção do novo normativo teve impacto muito diverso nos capitais próprios das empresas. Para a maioria das empresas (60%) a variação dos capitais próprios foi nulo ou inferior a 5%, tendo as restantes variações superiores. Conclui-se, ainda, que a alteração com maior impacto nos capitais próprios foi a reclassificação dos subsídios ao investimento fruto de um critério de apresentação do Sistema de Normalização Contabilística que contradiz as normas internacionais de contabilidade.
The application of the Official Accounting Plan for years created difficulties in terms of comparability of financial reporting among Portuguese companies and their foreign counterparts using other normative. In Portugal, the accounting harmonization process took an important step in 2005, when the adoption of International Accounting Standards for a certain, but limited, group of companies. For the rest, this process took place with the approval of the Accounting Standards System, which came into force in early 2010. With these amendments Portugal is approaching the financial reporting standards applied in most European countries. This paper aims to analyze the impact that the adoption of new accounting standards had in the equity of companies. Using the latest financial statements presented in accordance with the Official Accounting Plan and first presented in accordance with new regulations compare the equity and through analysis of a set of companies we check the resulting impacts. The study concluded that the adoption of the new standard had very different impact in equity of companies. For most companies (60%) the change in equity was zero or less than 5%, while the remaining variations superiors. We conclude further that the change with the greatest impact on equity was the reclassification of investment subsidies result of a criterion on which the Accounting Standards System which contradicts the International Accounting Standards.
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Pal, Shoubhik. "Differences Between Ind AS and IFRS: Can Full Convergence Ever Occur Between the Two?" Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1089.
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Since the turn of the millennium, there have been various attempts by Indian regulators as well as the government to converge the current accounting system in India (tentatively called Indian GAAP) to a system similar to IFRS, considered today to be the prevalent worldwide set of accounting standards. Indian GAAP has had its fair share of criticism, the most telling being that it avoids the principle of substance over form in various topics in its literature. The first announcement of a plan to converge came in July 2007. While suffering various setbacks through delays in recent years, the current roadmap indicates that certain companies will have to mandatorily adopt Ind AS (Indian Accounting Standards) next year. When assessing the major differences between Ind AS and IFRS to evaluate whether complete convergence can ever be possible, most differences are either avoidable or textual in nature. Three major potentially irreconcilable differences occur in the topics IND AS 19: Employee Benefits, IND AS 32: Financial Instruments – Presentation and IND AS 103: Business Combinations. While it can be concluded that complete convergence can indeed be possible one day, it would benefit Indian entities to have a slow route to convergence in order to maintain a sense of comparability in their financial statements from Indian GAAP to Ind AS.
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Abd, Allah Ahmed. "The effect of Diverse Accounting Practices of Financial Instruments under IFRS on De Facto Harmonization and Comparability : an Empirical Study of IAS 39 in Sweden." Thesis, University of Gävle, Department of Business Administration and Economics, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-3674.
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Objective: The IFRSs are getting more popularity all over the world. IAS 39 is one of the most sophisticated standards included in the IFRS jurisdiction, which mainly addresses the recognition and measurement of financial instruments and hedge accounting. When these instruments had been off-balance sheet hidden, accounting scandals were the consequences. Capturing these risky instruments in the body of the financial statements, according to IAS 39, implies diverse accounting choices where the selection is tied to managers' judgment.
The Swedish GAAPs have been criticized in the literature of being less conservative than the US GAAPs. Sweden as an EU member has mandated the adoption of IFRSs in the consolidated financial statements of all listed companies, since 2005. No published research has studied the effect of IAS 39 diverse accounting practices on de facto harmonization and comparability in Sweden. The current study fills this gap in the literature, and goes beyond to investigate whether the selected accounting choices are associated with the industry sectors.
Methods: A sample of 50 companies listed in NASDAQ, Stockholm in the financial and the industrial sectors is selected. Secondary data are obtained from the 2007 annual reports of the selected companies. Six accounting practice categories are detected under the standard. Herfindahl (H) index and Chi- square test are applied on the data.
Results: The results show a relatively low harmonization and comparability in most of the accounting practices, and variation in associations between accounting practices and sectors. This infers to the risk of producing non-comparable financial statements that may distort the value of accounting numbers, the content of financial statements and negatively affect market participants.
Conclusion: Much effort is still needed to enhance de facto harmonization and comparability of financial reporting. Further research is also motivated in order to develop a harmonization theory that support standard setters in revising the existing standard to eliminate inconsistencies in accounting choice selection and enhance comparability.
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Geira, Elise, and Emina Dizdarevic. "Sverige som en del av harmoniseringen : En studie av en tänkbar frikoppling mellan redovisning och beskattning." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för ekonomi och företagande, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-15343.
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Sedan lång tid tillbaka har mycket diskussioner och debatter framförts kring det starka sambandet mellan redovisning och beskattning och det råder frågor kring om sambandet skall finnas kvar i Sverige eller inte. Det finns mycket fördelar med en frikoppling, men även nackdelar som kan sätta Sveriges redovisningstradition i en förändring. Syftet med uppsatsen är att framföra de olika förändringar Sveriges redovisningstradition skulle kunna utsättas för i samband med en frikoppling och även lista de olika för- och nackdelar med sambandet utefter revisorer och Skatteverket. För att uppfylla syftet har en empirisk undersökning med tre kunniga respondenter utförts. Meningen är att ta reda på hur frikopplingen skulle kunna förändra arbetssättet hos de utvalda respondenterna. Undersökningen som genomförts har visat att det råder mycket separata åsikter och diskussioner kring förslaget om en frikoppling. Det har visat sig att det skulle uppstå fler nackdelar än fördelar för både revisorer och Skatteverket i början av en frikoppling. Vid en sådan omställning skulle det ske mycket förändringar och uppstå mycket osäkerheter. Undersökningen har även visat att dessa problem efter några år skulle försvinna och att fördelarna kan komma att väga mer än nackdelarna. Det är möjligt att en frikoppling kan komma att bli aktuell i framtiden, och mycket utrymme har lämnats för ytterligare forskning samt diskussioner för ändringar av den Svenska redovisningstraditionen.Since a long time back there has been much discussions and debates raised about the strong relationship between accounting and taxation and there are questions about the relationship and if it should remain in Sweden. There are a lot of advantages with a decoupling, but also disadvantages that can put the Swedish accounting tradition in a change. The purpose of this paper is to present the different changes in the Swedish accounting tradition might be exposed to in relation to a decoupling and also list the different advantages and disadvantages with the link according to auditors and the Swedish Tax Agency. An empirical study with three knowledgeable respondents has been performed to fulfill the purpose. The meaning of this study is to find out how the decoupling might change the practice of the selected respondents. The study has shown that there are very distinct opinions and discussions on the proposal for a decoupling. It has been shown that there would be more disadvantages than advantages for both auditors and the Swedish taxation agency at the beginning of the decoupling. At such a transposition, there would be a lot of changes and uncertainties. The study has also shown that these problems would disappear after a few years and the advantages might weigh more than the disadvantages. It is possible that the decoupling may happen in the future, and much space is left for further research and discussion about the changes of the Swedish accounting tradition.
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Kubačková, Katarína. "Porovnání účetnictví dle US GAAP a dle čs. legislativy v podmínkách vybrané firmy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-222199.
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Master’s thesis deals with the analysis of the Czech modification of accounting, it’s setting into the context of the European accounting and Generally Accepted Accounting Principles – U.S. GAAP. The aim of the thesis is to demonstrate the differences in accounting practices and the overall concept of accounting. It also assesses the measure of harmonization of accounting required for the objectivity of investor’s decision.
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Aronsson, Robert, and Martin Högberg. "IAS 40 : The effects of the implementation of IAS 40 for listed investment property companies within the European Union." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Accounting and Finance, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-7767.
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Background: The increased globalization and trade over domestic borders within the European Union (EU) has lead to the implementation of new international accounting standards. This is necessary to create an effective capital market, where comparisons between companies located in different countries can be made, due to a more harmonized accounting. Obstacles to overcome when establish a more harmonized accounting in the EU is for example different accounting backgrounds and valuation methods.
Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to as far possible study whether the establishment of IAS 40 contributes to an increased harmonization and more comparable accounting of investment property for listed companies within the EU.
Method: This thesis involves both a quantitative –and a qualitative research method. We have used primary data in forms of interviews, and secondary data in forms of annual reports, regulations, literature and articles in the thesis. Using both primary –and secondary data results in a higher reliability and validity.
Frame of reference: There are two alternative valuations methods according to IAS 40, the cost –and the fair value model. The cost model means a valuation to historical cost minus depreciation. Valuation in compliance to the fair value model on the other hand means that the investment property shall be valuated to market value. When using the cost model a note of the fair value shall be included in the financial statement. A company has according to IAS 40 the possibility to choose between internal –or external valuation when estimating the fair value.
Empirical results and analysis: Our empirical result is presented mainly through annual reports from listed investment property companies in Sweden, England and Germany. We found that the fair value model was used by all the analysed companies in Sweden and England in 2005, the year of the implementation of IAS 40 in the EU. By analysing the annul reports from the investment property companies we found indications that the fair value model also tends to become the generally excepted valuation model in Germany. Furthermore, our empirical result shows that a majority of the Swedish investment property companies regularly used internal valuation, but there is a pattern of external valuation as a complement to the internal valuation. In England and Germany all investment property companies used external valuation and there was no use of internal valuation even as a complement to the external valuation.
Conclusions: Based on our empirical results we draw the conclusion that the accounting for listed investment property companies within the EU is more harmonized and comparable today than before the implementation of IAS 40 in 2005. However, IAS 40 gives the companies the possibility to decide weather to use the cost –or the fair value model and the use of external valuation is optional. This can be viewed as obstacles to achieve a total harmonization of the accounting within the EU for listed investment property companies. From our empirical findings we draw the conclusion that the fair value model tends to become the generally excepted valuation model within the EU. Also, we do not perceive the use of the cost model as a barrier to the harmonization process because the fair value still has to be left in a not in the financial statement. However, we believe that in order to achieve a more harmonized and more comparable accounting for listed investment property companies within in the EU a directive about a minimum of external valuation must be included in IAS 40. This in order to avoid companies to use only internal valuation of the properties as this may effect the result.
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Amenabar, Ana Maria Hinojosa. "Harmonização contábil em cinco países da América do Sul." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-06062002-112701/.
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A harmonização contábil é uma preocupação mundial em um ambiente de desenvolvimento e de globalização de economias, existindo esforços para torná-la viável. Os blocos econômicos procuram encontrar soluções para as diferenças existentes entre as normas contábeis. O presente trabalho é um estudo sobre a harmonização contábil em cinco Países da América do Sul e a necessidade de implementar dita harmonização. Inicialmente são apresentados os antecedentes dos dois blocos econômicos da América do Sul, o Mercosul e a Comunidade Andina; em seguida, são estudadas as características de ambos os blocos e seus objetivos. Posteriormente são analisados os marcos conceituais contábeis e algumas das principais semelhanças e divergências de critérios na contabilidade de cinco países: Argentina, Brasil, Colômbia, Peru e Venezuela. Na última parte, são feitas as considerações finais do trabalho, destacando-se a importância de se conseguir a harmonização contábil.The harmonization of the accounting standards is a world preoccupation in a global economy. The preparers and users of the financial reports make efforts for achieving harmonization. Leaders of the accounting profession from most economic regions try to find solutions for the differences that exist among the accounting standards. This work is a study about the harmonization of the accounting standards in five South American countries and the necessity of achieving this harmonization. The origins of the two mega common markets from South America, namely Mercosul and The Andean Community are examined first, followed by an analysis of their characteristics and of their objectives. After that, this work continues with an analysis of the accounting framework and the major similarities and differences of standards in five countries: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Peru and Venezuela. Finally the conclusions are presented, emphasizing the importance of achieving the harmonization of the accounting standards.
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Revoredo, Márcia Maria Oliveira. "Brasil rumo aos padrões internacionais de contabilidade para o setor público: uma análise sob a ótica do Financial Management Reform Process Model de Lüder." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2008. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=6251.
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O termo Sistema Contábil define toda a modelagem pela qual são tratados os dados internos e externos, de forma estruturada, para atender às demandas atribuídas à profissão
contábil (tanto nos sistemas privados como nos governamentais), englobando fatores intrínsecos e extrínsecos da contabilidade e seus inter-relacionamentos. As variações desses fatores levam ao desenvolvimento de sistemas nacionalmente específicos. Nas classificações internacionais desses sistemas, são identificadas influências como a dos Estados Unidos, a do Reino Unido e a da Europa, ou ainda uma orientação micro ou macro, também definidas como modelo anglo-saxão e modelo continental. Observa-se, ainda, uma relação entre os níveis de desenvolvimento contábil públicos e privados. As principais causas determinantes da diversidade contábil se relacionam com as variáveis do modelo proposto por Lüder para se avaliar reformas governamentais financeiras (o FMR) e esse fato, por conseguinte, determinou a escolha do referido modelo para realizar as análises deste estudo. A pesquisa foi realizada com procedimentos metodológicos de natureza teórica com caráter exploratório e descritivo, através da qual se pode observar que a IFAC tem sido considerada responsável pelos principais esforços no processo de harmonização contábil do setor público e que boa parte dos países vem aceitando a IFAC como órgão emissor de padrões contábeis internacionais, ainda que os países que adotam integralmente esses padrões sem adaptações, sejam exceções. Os padrões de contabilidade governamental emitidos pela IFAC (IPSAS), na verdade, têm servido como um padrão de qualidade, e não como uma norma a ser adotada
integralmente. A análise das principais características nacionais determinantes da diversidade contábil frente à adoção ou adaptação dos padrões internacionais da IFAC para o setor público, sob a ótica do FMR, indica que, no Brasil, o sistema contábil do setor público é mais propício a um processo de convergência aos padrões internacionais de Contabilidade da IFAC.
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Ferreira, Carla Maria Marques Pereira. "Harmonização contabilística no sector público: constrangimentos na adopção das IPSAS." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6552.
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Tese de Mestrado em em Administração Pública - MPA, especialização em Administração PúblicaCom o Memorando assinado com a TROIKA em 2011, o Governo assumia “estender a adopção a toda a Administração Central o Plano Oficial de Contabilidade Pública, o que permitirá a integração das três vertentes da contabilidade – a orçamental, a patrimonial e a analítica – e assim conhecer com maior rigor a situação orçamental e patrimonial das entidades públicas, assim como conhecer os custos dos bens e serviços produzidos.” A implementação de práticas uniformes e comparáveis em base de acréscimo para todos os sectores da Administração Pública é crucial para a harmonização dos sistemas contabilísticos de acordo com as Normas Internacionais de Contabilidade do Sector Público. A presente dissertação pretende abordar o impacto da aplicação das International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) no Sector Público Administrativo e, particularmente, identificar as consequências dessa implementação na Contabilidade Pública e as possíveis mudanças que poderão ocorrer na Contabilidade Nacional. A investigação efectuada no âmbito deste trabalho pretende apontar os factores facilitadores ou de entrave à aplicação das IPSAS na Administração Pública Portuguesa. A análise centrou-se nas normas internacionais existentes, na situação actual das Administrações Públicas e na opinião de especialistas na área da contabilidade.
With the Memorandum signed with the TROIKA in 2011, the Government took "extend adoption to any Central Administration the Official Public Accounts, which allow the integration of the three aspects of accounting - the budget, the sheet and analytical - and so know more accurately the budgetary and equity of public entities, as well as meet the costs of goods and services produced." The implementation of uniform and comparable practices on an accrual basis for all sectors of the public administration is crucial to the harmonization of accounting systems in accordance with the International Public Sector Accounting. This thesis aims to address the impact of the implementation of International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) and the Public Sector, particularly the consequences of this implementation on Public Accounts and hence what changes may occur in the National Accounts. The research undertaken aims to identify the facilitating or hindering factors concerning the implementation of IPSAS in the Portuguese Public Administration. The analysis focuses on existing international standards, the current situation of the Public Administrations and on the opinion of experts in the field of accounting.
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Molina, Llopis Rafael. "NIIF para las PYMES: ¿La solución al problema para la aplicación de la normativa internacional?" Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/114789.
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The IFRS for SMEs is of the size of its scope, a key player in the international accounting harmonization process. After a brief reference to the IASB’s role in this process, this paper makes a description of the steps followed for the issuance of IFRS for SMEs and their relevant characteristics, to continue with a comparative analysis of the main differences with full IFRS. Finally, the document contains some reflections related to the practical difficulties facing the process of implementing international standards and possible solutions, according to the author, be considered.La NIIF para las PYMES es, por la dimensión de su ámbito de aplicación, una pieza clave en el proceso de armonización contable internacional. Tras una breve referencia al papel del IASB en dicho proceso, este trabajo realiza una descripción de los pasos seguidos para la emisión de la NIIF para las PYMES y de sus aspectos más relevantes. A partir de ello, se continúa con un análisis comparativo de sus principales diferencias con las NIIF Completas. Finalmente, el documento contiene una serie de reflexiones respecto a las dificultades prácticas que enfrenta el proceso de aplicación de la normativa internacional y sobre las posibles soluciones que, a juicio del autor, pudieran considerarse.
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Kantola, H. (Hannele). "Management accounting change in public health care." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2014. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526204680.
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Abstract The aim of this dissertation is to analyse the process of change in management accounting in public-sector health care. The change is examined through the implementation of a nationally homogeneous Diagnosis Related Grouping (DRG) system. The DRG system is used to classify health-care diagnoses into groups for service productisation and pricing. The system has been proposed as a solution for cost accounting and budgeting. The practical motivation of the dissertation is to analyse the embedding of change in organisations´ practises. The theoretical motivation of the dissertation is to extend the investigation of change by analysing the process of implementation of a nationally homogeneous system. The research data comprise 39 interviews conducted between 2006 and 2011 with hospital district representatives, the representatives of the company managing the DRG system, the DRG system supplier, and the representatives of the National Institute for Health and Welfare and the Association of Finnish Local and Regional Authorities. In addition to interviews, the data consists of participative observations, telephone inquiries, and newspaper articles. This dissertation consists of four essays that analyse the data through the lens of two theories: the Actor Network (ANT) and Institutional theory (NIS). The results indicate how the use of multiple theories (ANT ja NIS) as a methodology enriches and extends the insight into the change process in management accounting. For instance, the analysis of the homogeneous use of the DRG system, without investigating the practices of actors by making use of the ANT, the results could have been different in this respect. Especially, this dissertation indicates how important it is that actors’ actions are also examined in the processes of change in the implementation of public-sector management accounting systems. The idea for the DRG system was introduced to Finland almost twenty years ago. However, the results indicate that it has spread very slowly. According to earlier research, an institutional environment is considered to exercise pressure on organisations in order to make them adopt new practices that are homogeneous with other institutional practices. There is indirect pressure in decentralised health care in Finland, though its power for change is weak. This dissertation shows how the decentralisation of responsibilities in large-scale institutions, such as the health-care system in Finland, also slows down and decentralises reforms. As institutional power becomes weaker, the power of organisations to promote things seems to grow stronger, howeverTiivistelmä Tämän väitöskirjatyön tarkoituksena on analysoida johdon laskentatoimen muutosprosessia julkisen sektorin terveydenhoidossa. Muutosta tarkastellaan kansallisesti yhtenäisen diagnoosiperustaisen ryhmittelyjärjestelmän (Diagnosis Related Grouping, DRG) käyttöönottoprosessin kautta. DRG on järjestelmä, jossa luokitellaan terveydenhoidon diagnoosit ryhmiin palvelujen tuotteistusta ja hinnoittelua varten. Järjestelmää on esitetty ratkaisuna kustannuslaskentaan ja budjetointiin. Väitöskirjatyön käytännön motivaationa on analysoida muutoksen asettumista organisaatioiden käytäntöihin. Väitöskirjatyön teoreettisena motivaationa on laajentaa muutostutkimusta tarkastelemalla kansallisesti yhtenäisen järjestelmän käyttöönottoa. Tutkimuksen aineisto koostuu 39 haastattelusta, joita on kerätty vuosien 2006 ja 2011 välillä. Tutkimuksessa on haastateltu sairaanhoitopiirien henkilökuntaa, DRG-järjestelmän hallinnoiman yhtiön edustajia, järjestelmän toimittajaa, Terveyden ja hyvinvoinnin laitoksen sekä Kuntaliiton edustajia. Aineisto sisältää haastattelujen lisäksi osallistuvaa havainnointia, puhelinkyselyjä sekä lehtiartikkeleita. Tämä väitöskirjatyö koostuu neljästä esseestä, joissa analysoidaan aineistoa kahden eri teorian, toimijaverkostoteorian (ANT) ja institutionaalisen teorian (NIS), avulla. Tulokset tuovat esille, kuinka kahden teorian (ANT ja NIS) metodologinen käyttö rikastuttaa ja laajentaa näkemystä johdon laskentatoimen muutosprosessista. Esimerkiksi analysoitaessa DRG-järjestelmän yhtenäistä käyttöä tutkimatta toimijoiden toimintaa toimijaverkostoteoriaa hyödyntäen, tulokset voisivat tältä osin olla erilaiset. Erityisesti tämä väitöskirjatyö osoittaa, kuinka tärkeää julkisen sektorin johdon laskentajärjestelmien käyttöönoton muutosprosessia tutkittaessa on tutkia myös toimijoiden toimintaa. Idea DRG-järjestelmästä esitettiin Suomessa melkein kaksikymmentä vuotta sitten. Tulokset osoittavat kuitenkin, että sen leviäminen on ollut hyvin hidasta. Aikaisempien tutkimusten mukaan institutionaalisen ympäristön katsotaan painostavan organisaatioita, jotta ne ottaisivat käyttöön uusia menetelmiä, jotka ovat yhdenmukaiset muiden institutionaalisten käytänteiden kanssa. Suomen hajautetussa terveydenhoidossa esitetään epäsuoraa painetta, mutta sen voima muutokseen ei ole vahva. Väitöskirjatyö tuo esille miten suurien instituutioiden, kuten Suomen terveydenhoidon, vastuun hajautuessa myös reformit hidastuvat ja hajautuvat. Institutionaalisten voimien heikentyessä organisaatioiden voima ajaa asioita näyttää kuitenkin vahvistuvan
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Mock, Oliver [Verfasser], and Patrick [Akademischer Betreuer] Velte. "European harmonization of national tax accounting rules : a conceptual and empirical analysis with a focus on the German setting / Oliver Mock ; Betreuer: Patrick Velte." Lüneburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1199607940/34.
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Mock, Oliver Verfasser], and Patrick [Akademischer Betreuer] [Velte. "European harmonization of national tax accounting rules : a conceptual and empirical analysis with a focus on the German setting / Oliver Mock ; Betreuer: Patrick Velte." Lüneburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, 2019. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:luen4-opus-145875.
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Silveira, Márcio Schuch. "O impacto da adoção das IFRS na variabilidade dos índices econômico-financeiros de empresas listadas na BOVESPA." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2014. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/4423.
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A prática contábil resulta das escolhas dos profissionais de contabilidade, as quais sofrem restrições formais e informais; neste sentido, esta dissertação aborda o desenvolvimento do tema sobre harmonização contábil, que analisa a influência dos fatores institucionais sobre as práticas contábeis. Objetiva ainda identificar se a adoção das normas internacionais de contabilidade resultou na alteração da diversidade dos índces econômicos financeiros das empresas listadas no mercado de capitais do Brasil (BOVESPA). No contexto de um processo de mudança de normas e de padrões contábeis, a Teoria Institucional de Douglas North possibilita ajudar na compreensão sobre a adoção de IFRS, já que as novas normas internacionais de contabilidade visam harmonizar as práticas contábeis de vários países, buscando melhora na comparabilidade da contabilidade. Um dos possíveis impactos da adoção de IFRS como padrão para a elaboração das demonstrações contábeis pôde ser identificado ao se analisar os índices econômicos-financeiros das companhias, com base em dez indicadores, no período de 2000 a 2011. Para a fundamentação deste estudo, adotou-se como referência a pesquisa de Jones e Finley (2011), porém, diferenciando-se principalmente no que se refere à amostra, ao empregar empresas brasileiras e ao segundo método de análise, para confirmar a variação do coeficiente de variação, com o teste estatístico ANOVA. Como resultado da pesquisa, não foi possível verificar redução na diversidade das informações contábeis das empresas listadas no mercado de capitais do Brasil - o que se difere do achado de Jones e Finley (2011), que indicou algumas reduções estatísticas significantes na variabilidade das mensurações após IFRS, mesmo controlando fatores, como: tamanho da empresa, setor e status da adoção.
The accounting practice follows the choices of accounting professionals, which undergo formal and informal restrictions in this sense, this dissertation discusses the development of the subject of accounting harmonization, which examines the influence of institutional factors on accounting practices. It also aims to identify whether the adoption of international accounting standards resulted in reduced diversity of financial statements of listed companies in the capital market in Brazil (BOVESPA). In the context of a process of change in accounting rules and standards, the Institutional Theory of Douglas North provides help in understanding the adoption of IFRS, since the new international accounting standards to harmonize the accounting practices of various countries seeking improved effectiveness of accounting. One of the possible impacts of adopting IFRS as the standard for the preparation of financial statements could be identified when analyzing financial ratios in the period 2000-2011. For the rationale of this study was adopted as reference the research of Jones and Finley (2011 ), however , differing mainly with respect to the sample by employing Brazilian and the second method of analysis companies, to confirm the variation of coefficient of variation, with the ANOVA statistical test. As a result of the research, it was not possible to verify reduction in the diversity of financial statements of listed companies in the capital market in Brazil - which differs from the findings of Jones and Finley (2011 ), which indicated some statistically significant reductions in the variability of the measurements after IFRS, even controlling factors such as company size, industry and status of adoption.
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Cabelo, Micaela Sofia Domingues. "Análise da aplicação do Sistema Oracle na empresa Kemet Electronics Portugal, S.A." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/15326.
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O presente trabalho corresponde à etapa final de um percurso académico orientado
para a obtenção do grau de mestre em Gestão com especialização em Contabilidade e
Auditoria.
Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a aplicação do sistema Oracle na empresa
Kemet Electronics Portugal, S.A., principalmente no departamento da contabilidade, na
realização das tarefas de conferência e contabilização de faturas e notas de crédito de
fornecedores.
Com o intuito de atingir o objetivo proposto, a primeira parte do estudo inclui uma
análise teórica aos temas da harmonização internacional contabilística e dos sistemas de
informação contabilísticos. A segunda parte do trabalho é essencialmente dedicada às
aplicações do sistema Oracle na referida empresa.
O estágio, que decorreu entre outubro de 2009 e abril de 2010, possibilitou o
contacto com a realidade empresarial, permitindo o confronto entre os ensinamentos
teóricos e a sua aplicação prática, no sentido de facilitar uma futura integração profissional.
O trabalho permitiu também compreender a importância da utilização dos sistemas
de informação nas empresas multinacionais, ou seja, de que forma o sistema apoia a
atividade e o desenvolvimento de todos os departamentos da empresa; ABSTRACT: This work corresponds to the final stage of the Master's degree in Management -
specialization in Accounting and Auditing.
This study aims to analyze the application of Oracle system in the Kemet
Electronics Portugal, S.A., namely in the accounting department, in accomplishing the task
of verifying and accounting of invoices and credit notes from suppliers.
In order to achieve this purpose, the first part of the study includes a theoretical
analysis of the issues of international accounting harmonization and information
accounting systems. The second part of the work includes the analysis of the Oracle system
in the company.
The internship, which took place between October 2009 and April 2010, provided
some contact with the business reality, allowing the comparison between the theoretical
knowledge and the practical application to facilitate the future professional integration.
The work also enabled to understand the importance of using information systems
in multinational corporations, i.e., how the system support the activity and the development
of all departments of the company.
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Cruz, Carmem Marialva Pinto da. "Princpais diferenças entre o Plano Geral de Contabilidade de Angola e o Sistema de Normalização Contabilística de Portugal." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3494.
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Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças EmpresariaisA normalização contabilística internacional representa uma forte atracção para as grandes empresas ou grupos empresariais com acções cotadas no mercado internacional ou que pretendam apostar na internacionalização e captar capital para os seus países. No caso de Angola, um país que neste momento está em franca expansão no que respeita à definição de relações económicas e comerciais, sendo por isso importante que o seu Plano Geral de Contabilidade seja submetido a alterações que lhe permitam aproximar-se das normas internacionais. O presente trabalho, tem como objectivo identificar as diferenças de maior relevância entre o Plano Geral de Contabilidade de Angola e o Sistema de Normalização Contabilística (SNC) de Portugal. Neste contexto foram identificadas as principais diferenças, no que respeita à terminologia, às classes de contas e aos modelos das Demonstrações Financeiras. Saliente-se que no caso de Portugal, a adopção do SNC, representa um marco muito importante na história da contabilidade portuguesa, permitindo um alinhamento às directivas e regulamentos em matéria contabilística da EU. O SNC garante transparência, comparabilidade e padronização da informação, o que irá promover a tomada de decisão dos investidores em diferentes mercados. Numa etapa conclusiva, o presente trabalho visa destacar a importância da normalização contabilística face aos desafios da globalização, evidenciando a necessidade de actualização do Plano Geral de Contabilidade de Angola de modo a acompanhar os padrões contabilísticos internacionais. Com a abertura da Bolsa de Valores e derivados de Angola, no mercado secundário em funcionamento sentir-se-á a verificação de contas das empresas cotadas através da intervenção de auditores independentes, por outro lado, o sistema fiscal angolano necessita de uma reforma, uma vez que Angola evidencia características latinas devido ao processo de colonização, reflectindo-se também grande influência da fiscalidade sobre a contabilidade.
The international accounting normalization represents a strong attraction for the great companies or business groups with shares quoted in the international market or those that intend to internationalize themselves and to collect capitals for their countries. In case of Angola, it is a country that at this moment is growing in terms of economical and commercial relations, being therefore important that its General Accounting Plan may be submitted to the alterations that may allow it greater approach to the international norms. One intends with this work, to identify the main differences between the General Accounting Plan of Angola and Accounting Normalization System of Portugal. In the circumstances, we identify the main differences relatively the terminology, classes of accounts and also in the financial demonstrations models. It is to enhance that in case of Portugal, the adoption of the SNC represents a very important landmark in the history of the Portuguese accounting. Once it is aligned with the directives and regulations on the accounting subject of EU, the SNC guarantees transparency and comparability of the information influencing thus the investors’ decisions in different markets. As conclusion this work enhances the importance of the accounting normalization faced with the challenges of the globalization, evidencing the necessity of the General Accounting Plan of Angola in order to follow international accounting standards. With the opening of the stock exchange and derivative of Angola, the secondary market in operation will imply the necessity of verification of the companies accounts quoted by independent auditors, on the other hand, the Angolan tax system needs a tax reform, because Angola has characteristics due to the colonization process, great influence of the tax affects the accountancy.
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Francisco, Maira José António. "O Impacto da adoção do Plano Geral de Contabilidade : normas internacionais de relato financeiro em Moçambique." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/12886.
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Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças EmpresariaisEste estudo pretende analisar o impacto da adoção do Plano Geral de Contabilidade - Normas Internacionais de Relato Financeiro (PGC-NIRF), pelas empresas em Moçambique em 2009, nas Demonstrações Financeiras e nos principais Indicadores Económicos Financeiros. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a alteração do normativo levou, em média, a um aumento do Capital Próprio e a uma diminuição do Resultado Líquido. As rubricas que sofreram os ajustamentos mais significativos e que contribuíram para os impactos registados foram: Ativo Intangível, Ativo Financeiros Disponíveis para Venda, Ativo por Imposto Diferido, Caixa e Equivalentes, Empréstimos, Outros Credores e Outros Passivos Correntes. Em termos de Indicadores, os mais afectados foram: Debt-to-Equity, Liquidez Geral, Liquidez Reduzida, Rendibilidade Liquida das Vendas e Rendibilidade dos Capitais Próprios.
This study aims to analyze the impact of the adoption of the General Chart of Accounts - International Financial Reporting Standards (PGC-NIRF), by companies in Mozambique in 2009, on Financial Statements and Financial Ratios. The results suggest that the adoption of the new standards increased, on average, the value of equity and decreased the value of net profit. The items that suffered the most significant adjustments and contributed to the these impacts were: Intangible Assets, Available-for-Sale Financial Assets, Deferred Tax Assets, Cash and Cash Equivalents, Loans, Other Creditors and Other Current Liabilities. The ratios most affected were: General Liquidity, Reduced Liquidity, Net Profit of Sales and Return on Equity.
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Mickytė, Vaida. "Tarptautinių apskaitos standartų ir verslo apskaitos standartų lyginamoji analizė." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070816_153506-72489.
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Tyrimo objektas – Tarptautiniai ir Verslo apskaitos standartai.
Tyrimo tikslas – atlikti Tarptautinių ir Verslo apskaitos standartų nuostatų lyginamąją analizę bei nustatyti perėjimo prie Tarptautinių apskaitos standartų tikslingumą visoms Lietuvos verslo įmonėms.
Uždaviniai:
- išanalizuoti apskaitos harmonizavimo ir standartizavimo būtinumą ir reikšmę;
- palyginti Tarptautinių apskaitos standartų ir Verslo apskaitos standartų nuostatas bei nustatyti skirtumus;
- ištirti Tarptautinius apskaitos standartus ir Verslo apskaitos standartus taikančių įmonių apskaitos metodų pasirinkimus praktikoje;
- išsiaiškinti Tarptautinių ir Verslo apskaitos standartų taikymo privalumus ir trūkumus bei nustatyti perėjimo prie Tarptautinių apskaitos standartų tikslingumą visoms Lietuvos verslo įmonėms.
Tyrimo metodai: lyginamosios analizės bei sintezės, ekspertinis, palyginimo, grupavimo, anketinės apklausos, grafinio vaizdavimo metodai.
Rezultatai: išstudijavus ekonominę literatūrą, mokslo darbus, publikacijas, LR Vyriausybės įstatymus, apskaitos standartų nuostatas, išsiaiškintos finansinės apskaitos harmonizavimo ir standartizavimo tendencijos, nustatyti skirtumai tarp Verslo apskaitos standartų ir Tarptautinių apskaitos standartų. Atlikus verslo apskaitos standartų ir tarptautinių apskaitos standartų taikymo Lietuvos įmonių apskaitoje empirinį tyrimą, išsiaiškinti standartų taikymo privalumai ir trūkumai, respondentų apskaitos metodų pasirinkimai, pateiktos išvados dėl TAS ir VAS taikymo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The object of the research – International and Business Accounting Standards. The aim of the research – to accomplish comparative analysis of International Accounting Standards and Business Accounting Standards and measure the influence of these standards application on the rates of Lithuanian enterprises’ financial accountability. The objectives of this research are: - to analyse the meaning and necessity of accountancy harmonization and standardization; - to compare the attitudes of International Accounting Standards and Business Accounting Standards and estimate the differences; - to explore company’s choices of Accountancy methods which practice International and National Accounting Standards; - to ascertain the merits and demerits of International Accounting Standards and Business Accounting Standards application and identify the expediency of passing to International Accounting Standards to all Lithuanian business enterprises. The research methodics incorporates such methods: comparable analysis and synthesis, experimental, assort able, interview and graphic methods. Results: made analysis of economical literature, studies, publications, laws of Lithuanian government, Accounting Standards, the tendencies of harmonization and standardization of accountancy were ascertain. Also the differences between International Accounting Standards and Business Accounting Standards were diagnosed. The empirical investigation of the application of International and Business... [to full text]
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Carvalho, Raquel Helena Teixeira de. "A adoção das IFRS em Cabo Verde : fatores influenciadores." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19548.
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Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças EmpresariaisEste trabalho visa estudar os fatores que influenciaram o processo de adoção das IFRS em CV, mais concretamente no sistema contabilístico das empresas do sector não financeiro. O estudo está debruçado sobretudo a partir da implementação do PNC, até ao momento presente onde está em vigor o SNCRF implementado em 2009. O processo de globalização tem contribuído para a aproximação dos países à escala mundial, e não foi diferente no caso de CV. Mesmo se tratando de uma pequena economia insular, o país tem procurado inserir-se no mercado mundial onde a principal via adotada é através da captação de investimento externo. As principais conclusões do estudo desenvolvido apontam para a existência de uma forte relação entre o sistema político do país e o seu sistema económico, que de forma conjunta influenciam a sua normalização contabilística. Com o objetivo de captar investimento externo, uma das políticas aplicadas foi a privatização do sector público o que veio acrescer exigências às normas aplicadas no país. Os resultados sugerem que há uma forte presença de instituições internacionais, como é o caso do FMI e do BM, no aconselhamento do país ou até em alguns casos exigências por parte destas instituições relativamente às normas aplicadas. Também foi possível concluir que CV sofre uma forte influência por parte de Portugal a nível da contabilidade, nomeadamente em relação às normas e ao sistema educacional.
This paper aims to study the factors that influenced the IFRS adoption process in CV, specifically in the accounting system of non-financial sector companies. The study focuses mainly on the implementation of the PNC, up to the present moment where the SNCRF was implemented in 2009. The globalization process has contributed to the approximation of countries worldwide, and it was no different in CV's case. Even though it is a small island economy, the country has sought to enter the world market where the main route adopted to do so is by attracting foreign investment. It can be concluded that there is a strong relationship between the country's political system and its economic system, which together influenced the accounting standardization in CV. As the country's main objective is to attract foreign investment, one of the policies applied was the privatization of the public sector, which added requirements to the rules applied in the country. The results suggest that there is a strong presence of international institutions, such as the IMF and WB, counseling the country's government and in some cases requiring certain rules to be applied. It was also possible to conclude that CV is heavily influenced by Portugal's accounting system, namely regarding its norms and educational system.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Barikhashvili, Natella. "Harmonizace účetnictví v Ruské federaci s IFRS." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-112900.
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The thesis is devoted to recent improvements in the process of harmonization of the Russian accounting system with International Financial Reporting Standards. Firstly, it takes a look on the historical development of accounting in Russia, investigating reforms that were leading to transition to market economy. Onwards, it provides a description of the regulation of financial accounting and the placement of the accounting profession in Russia, providing insights of the gradual implementation of IFRS into Russian legislation. Finally, the thesis features the auditing profession, which is also undergoing some changes at the moment.
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Kallentoft, Johanna, and Camilla Boström. "Att bygga legitimitet i en värld av förändring : En studie av hur företag kan hantera en ny standard för intäktsredovisning." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Filosofiska fakulteten, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-100386.
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Intäkter är ett stort och viktigt område inom redovisning. Redovisningen av intäkter är imånga fall problematisk eftersom intäkterna behandlas annorlunda i olika standarder och iolika delar av världen. International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) och FinancialAccounting Standards Board (FASB) arbetar sedan 2002 med ett harmoniseringsprojekt somsyftar till att ta fram en heltäckande standard för intäkter som ska kunna applicerasinternationellt. Utkast till den nya standarden har presenterats av IASB, vilket har fått mångareaktioner från olika företag i olika branscher. Den del av standarden som fått mest kritik frånföretagen är den ökade mängden tilläggsupplysningar som kommer krävas i företagensfinansiella rapporter. Standarden kommer bli obligatorisk för företag inom EuropeiskaUnionen (EU) och dess införande planeras i dagsläget till 2015. Samtidigt som företagen måste följa lagar och standarder i sin redovisning måste de ocksåförhålla sig till sina intressenter och deras krav på företagen och de finansiella rapporterna.Det finns olika typer av intressenter och deras krav kan skilja sig beroende på vemintressenten är. Ett företags förmåga att tillmötesgå intressenterna och deras krav påverkarintressenternas syn på företaget och därmed företagets legitimitet. I uppsatsen undersöker vi vad företag anser om de ökade kraven på tilläggsupplysningar somden nya standarden för intäktsredovisning innebär och om detta kan komma att påverkaföretagens legitimitet. Resultatet av undersökningen visar att de representerade företagen anser att den nyastandarden för intäktsredovisning kommer att få en begränsad effekt på deras legitimitet.Företagen anser att de ökade krav på tilläggsupplysningar som standarden innebär är den delav standarden som skulle kunna påverka legitimiteten mest, bland annat på grund av desspåverkan på de finansiella rapporternas kvalitativa egenskaper.Accounting for revenues is both a big and important issue. The procedure is often difficultbecause of the many different ways in which revenue can be treated in different accountingstandards and by different countries around the world. The International AccountingStandards Board (IASB) and the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) have beenworking together since 2002 on harmonizing their accounting standards concerning revenues.Their ambition is one complete standard for revenues that could be applied by companies incountries worldwide. IASB has presented an exposure draft to the new standard whichreceived many reactions from different companies in different industries. Most of thecriticism has been directed to the increased amount of disclosures in the companies’ financialreports. The new standard for revenues will be mandatory for companies in the EuropeanUnion (EU) and is planned to be introduced in 2015. While companies need to adapt to accounting rules and standards they also have to relate totheir stakeholders and the stakeholders’ demands and expectations on the companies and theirfinancial reports. There are different types of stakeholders and their expectations can varydepending on who they are. A company’s ability to satisfy their stakeholders’ expectationsaffect the stakeholders’ view on the company and thereby the company’s legitimacy. In our essay we study companies’ opinions towards the increased amount of disclosures thatthe new standard for revenues requires and if this can affect the companies’ legitimacy. The result of the study shows that the opinion of the companies represented is that the newaccounting standard for revenues will have limited effect on their legitimacy. The companiesconsider the increased amount of disclosures that the new standard requires as the part of thestandard that could have the biggest effect on their legitimacy, for example through thedisclosures’ impact on their financial report’s qualitative characteristics.
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Mehanna, Marianne, and Rebecca Pettersson. "What do British accountants think of the accounting and financial harmonisation which applies to listed companies in the EU?" Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-16061.
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Abstract Under de senaste decennierna har den finansiella globaliseringen ökat, vilket har lett till ekonomiska och politiska förändringar, samt en ökad global konkurrens. Dessa förändringar har i sin tur lett till ett större krav på hög kvalitet av bokföringsprinciper. Då olikheter inom exempelvis legala, politiska, ekonomiska och kulturella faktorer har lett till utvecklandet av olika bokförings principer i olika länder, kan det i nuläget vara svårt för investerare och externa aktörer att förstå och bedöma finansiella rapporter länder emellan. Således hade det underlättat med gemensamma bestämmelser av bokföringsprinciper, vilket hade ökat jämförbarheten, relevansen samt trovärdigheten av företag som verkar inom samma marknad men är baserade i olika länder. Eftersom ett av Europeiska Unionens mål är att främja en enda gemensam marknad, vilket görs genom att harmonisera lagarna medlemsstaterna emellan, så har EU även introducerat en harmonisering av bokföringslagar. Harmonisering av redovisningssystemen är nödvändigt för att uppnå en enda gemensam marknad inom EU. Arbetet mot en harmonisering av redovisningssystemen startade redan i slutet av 50-talet när EU bildades, men är fortfarande inte helt utvecklat. Syftet med denna uppsats är att beskriva vad brittiska revisorer tycker om den finansiella harmoniseringen av redovisningsprinciper. Målsättningen är att utifrån denna undersökning kunna svara på huruvida harmoniseringen är fördelaktig för börsnoterade företag i Storbritannien, enligt revisorers åsikt. Studien har bedrivits med en kvalitativ uppläggning. Efter att ha studerat befintliga teorier och information på området, genomfördes en empirisk undersökning genom omfattande intervjuer via telefon med två revisorer i Storbritannien. Utifrån vår undersökning kom vi fram till att våra två respondenter över lag har en positiv inställning till harmoniseringen samt att de anser harmoniseringen vara fördelaktig för börsnoterade företag i Storbritannien, men att implementeringen av de standardiserade redovisningsprinciperna är förknippad med ett flertal svårigheter, framför allt en hög kostnad.
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Greco, Marcus Vinicius Derito. "Contabilidade governamental brasileira no contexto da convergência aos padrões internacionais." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/3933.
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Previous issue date: 2009With the globalization of the economy and the growing participation of several world investors in financial markets, combining the political, economical and social differences of each country, the varying Accounting Statements based on principles, standards, procedures or idiosyncratic accounting patterns become inadequate to provide comprehensible and useful financial information to the users at international level. Considering a country¿s conditions, peculiarities and the stage of development, the need to promote the convergence of the effective accounting practices in the public sector with the emerging international accounting standards is imperative as the public entities endeavor to provide transparent and comparable accounting information that can be understood by financial analysts, investors, auditors and other users, independent of their origin and location. Consequently, the objective of this research was described through the following questions: Which are the main differences between the international and local accounting norms applicable to the public sector in Brazil? Which are the main differences between the applicable international accounting norms and the practices adopted by the Brazilian public sector? And, which are the main differences between the practices adopted by the entities of the Brazilian public sector and the practices adopted by entities of the public sector of countries that formally follow the international accounting norms? The methodology adopted in this research was the one of comparative analysis between standards and practices. To provide a basis for the comparative analysis, the Brazilian standards were used for the public sector and the international standards were identified by consulting with the main international accounting committees. In the comparative analyses of norms adopted in national accounting statements the financial accounting statements of the Municipal districts of Rio de Janeiro and of São Paulo were used, and compared with the international accounting statements of New Zealand. The results of these comparative analyses provide important conclusions about the convergence and harmonization processes in accounting norms and practices for the public sector mainly as they demonstrate some of the conflicts among the recent efforts to base and harmonize accounting practices in the near future, but today significant differences remain between the norms and practices. It was also noticed that, in practice, the divergence in Brazilian accounting practices from the international standards are accentuated by the recognition of the registrations of the budgetary execution in the patrimonial accounting; and, the comparison with the practices adopted by New Zealand demonstrated that the foreign country¿s advances towards harmonizing its standards to the international norms and practices in such an important way that New Zealand independently overcomes the minimum exigencies of harmonization, which in practice, is more complete than the practices currently adopted in Brazil.
Com a globalização da economia e a crescente participação de diversos investidores mundiais no mercado financeiro, somadas as diferenças políticas, econômicas e sociais de cada país, as Demonstrações Contábeis baseadas nos princípios, normas, procedimentos ou padrões contábeis idiossincráticos se tornaram inadequadas para prestar informações financeiras úteis aos usuários a nível internacional, no que se refere à compreensividade. A necessidade de promover a convergência das práticas contábeis vigentes no setor público com as normas internacionais de contabilidade tendo em vista as condições, peculiaridades e o estágio de desenvolvimento do nosso país torna imperativo que os entes públicos disponibilizem informações contábeis transparentes e comparáveis que possam ser entendidas e compreendidas por analistas financeiros, investidores, auditores e demais usuários, independentemente de sua origem e localização. Diante disso, o problema desta pesquisa foi descrito através das seguintes questões: Quais são as principais diferenças entre os padrões contábeis internacionais e os aplicáveis ao setor público no Brasil? Quais são as principais diferenças entre os padrões internacionais aplicáveis ao setor público no Brasil e as práticas efetivamente adotadas no setor público brasileiro? E, quais são as principais diferenças entre as práticas efetivamente adotadas pelas entidades do setor público brasileiro em relação às práticas adotadas por entidades do setor público de países que formalmente seguem os padrões internacionais? A metodologia adotada nesta pesquisa foi a de análise comparativa entre normas e práticas. Para entendimento da análise comparativa e a amostra, foram utilizadas as atuais normas brasileiras para o setor público, e para as normas internacionais foram identificados e consultados os principais comitês internacionais. Nas análises comparativas que adotaram demonstrações contábeis nacionais foram utilizadas as demonstrações financeiras dos Municípios do Rio de Janeiro e de São Paulo, que foram confrontados com as demonstrações contábeis internacionais da Nova Zelândia. As análises comparativas e análise de resultados gerou conclusões importantes sobre o processo de convergência e harmonização contábil para o setor público principalmente por demonstrarem que o confronto entre os padrões evidenciaram o surgimento recente de uma nova ordem para fundamentar práticas contábeis harmônicas no futuro próximo, mas hoje ainda guarda significativa diferença entre os padrões. Percebeu-se também que na prática contábil brasileira as divergências entre os padrões internacionais é bastante acentuada e sofre influência dos aspectos do reconhecimento dos registros da execução orçamentária na contabilidade patrimonial; e o confronto com as práticas adotadas pela Nova Zelândia demonstrou que o país estrangeiro avança em direção a harmonizar seus padrões aos internacionais de forma tão importante que por conta própria supera as exigências mínimas de harmonização, alcançando conjunto mais completo na prática e com isso distancia-se ainda mais da prática por hora adotada no Brasil.
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Thomaz, João Luis Peruchena. "Convergência de Normas Contábeis no MERCOSUL e na Comunidade Andina: um estudo em empresas industriais de capital aberto." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2012. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/4742.
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URCAMP - Universidade da Região da Campanha
O presente estudo investiga o nível de convergência de práticas contábeis em empresas industriais dos países do MERCOSUL e da Comunidade Andina. Partindo de uma base teórica com a qual se identificou o atual estágio de adoção das Normas Internacionais de Contabilidade, nos países destes dois blocos econômicos, foi possível comparar a convergência normativa com a prática contábil. Para tanto, analisou-se a mensuração e a evidenciação dos principais elementos patrimoniais numa amostra de trinta empresas industriais, nos países destes dois blocos econômicos sul-americanos. A amostra foi escolhida por critérios de intencionalidade e acessibilidade, sendo os dados obtidos a partir das páginas web dos órgãos nacionais encarregados de controlar e fiscalizar os mercados de capitais, em cada um dos países pesquisados. Os dados coletados foram submetidos à análise descritiva, para elaboração de quadros-resumos relativos às práticas contábeis das empresas de cada país, no que concerne à mensuração e evidenciação dos seguintes elementos patrimoniais: Contas a Receber de Clientes (Receitas), Estoques, Investimentos, Imobilizado e Intangível. As análises realizadas possibilitaram que se identificasse o atual estágio de convergência em termos de normas e práticas contábeis, nos dois blocos econômicos. Em geral, observou-se que a prática contábil, nas empresas pesquisadas, ainda é muito heterogênea nos diferentes países. Enquanto que, em alguns países, constatou-se convergência quase total às normas internacionais emitidas pelo IASB, em outros, este processo parece distante. Observou-se também que a adoção das normas internacionais não significa a observância e a convergência na prática. Por fim, foi possível perceber que há ainda um caminho a percorrer, para que, nos países do MERCOSUL e da Comunidade Andina, as práticas contábeis estejam completamente harmonizadas, convergindo aos padrões de contabilidade internacionalmente aceitos.
The present study investigates the level of accounting convergence practices in businesses in the countries of Mercosul and the Andean community. Departing from a theoretical basis in which we have identified the current stage of use of the International Accounting Standards in countries from these two economical segments, it was possible to compare the convergence regulations with the accounting practices. To do so, we have analyzed the measurement and the disclosure of main assets in 30 companies in these South American countries. This countries were sampled by intentionality criterion and accessibility, the data was acquired from the web pages of national entities in charge of controlling the capital markets in each of the sampled countries. The collected data was submitted to descriptive analysis and summary maps were made concerning the accounting practices of the companies in each country in what concerns the measurement and disclosure of the following assets: accounts receivable (revenue) stocks, investment, intangibles and fixed assets. The analysis carried out, made it possible to identify the current stage of convergence concerning regulations and accounting practices in these countries. It was verified that accounting practices are very different in the countries sampled. While in some countries we found almost total convergence with the accounting practices issued by the IASB, in some others this process was somewhat distant. It was also observed that the adoption of International regulations does not mean convergence in practice. Finally we observed that there is a long way for the accounting practices of the Mercosul countries and Andean Community to be harmonized, and converge with the internationally accepted accounting standards.
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Miškovič, Stanislav. "Vývoj regulácie účtovníctva." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-11231.
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The objective of my thesis is to outline the evolution of accounting regulation. The thesis describes development of accounting, first regulation forms, emergence of double entry and present globally accepted accounting standards. In my work I enlarge the development of two well known accounting standards GAAP and IAS and their regulation. The convergence project between standard setters' bodies is elaborated as part of present development of accounting regulation. One of next titles in my thesis is the accounting harmonization process in EU as part of accounting regulation and the adoption of IAS standards by EU Commission
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Trkalová, Žaneta. "Tvorba vnitropodnikových směrnic ve vybrané firmě." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264830.
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This thesis focuses on the area of register and account of long-term material possession according to accounting legislative and American accounting US GAAP. The main goal of this thesis is to analyze current situation of register and account in selected company. The main solution is proposition of internal directive. All suggested solutions emerge from completed analysis.
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Barros, Patrícia Maria Jardim. "O processo de harmonização contábil nos países do MERCOSUL: uma análise do processo de transição para as normas internacionais (IFRS)." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2015. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8972.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de JaneiroEsta dissertação pretende fornecer uma contribuição acadêmica aos estudos sobre harmonização contábil em blocos econômicos. A pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar o processo de harmonização contábil nos seis países integrantes do MERCOSUL, após a refundação do IASB, em 2001. A metodologia do estudo tem caráter descritivo e natureza analítica, visando descrever as características qualitativas em relação aos aspectos contábeis e regulatórios dos países estudados. Foi realizada uma pesquisa documental em que foram analisados os relatórios sobre harmonização contábil no MERCOSUL e o método aplicado foi o de estudo de múltiplos casos. Os documentos analisados foram: (a) Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes Auditing and Accounting (ROSC A&A), do Banco Mundial; (b) relatório enviado pelos países ao IASB; (c) relatório enviado pelos países ao GLENIF, além das informações disponíveis nos sites oficiais dos próprios países. A pesquisa contribui para resgatar a história do processo de harmonização e alertar para os potenciais impactos das diferenças na preparação dos balanços das empresas que compõem o bloco.
This thesis aims to provide an academic contribution to the studies on accounting harmonization in economic blocs. The research aimed to analyze the accounting harmonization process in the six member countries of Mercosur, after rebuilding the IASB in 2001. The study methodology is descriptive and analytical nature, seeking to describe the qualitative characteristics in relation to accounting and regulatory aspects of countries studied. Documentary research was carried out in the reports on accounting harmonization were analyzed in Mercosur, and the method used was the study of multiple case. The documents analyzed were: (a) Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes - Auditing and Accounting (ROSC A & A) of the World Bank; (B) report submitted by countries to the IASB; (C) report submitted by countries to GLENIF; addition to the information available on the official websites of the countries themselves. The research contributes to rescue the history of the harmonization process and warn of the potential impacts of the differences in the preparation of balance sheets that make up the block.
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Díaz, Durand Mario, Jorge José Gil, and Olivares Percy Vílchez. "Hacia la convergencia mundial del marco conceptual para la preparación de los estados financieros." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/114802.
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Due to the current globalization in business and investments that generate a highly interrelated business world, it is a must to have a common standard in accounting that brings transparency and the real use of information. According to that, this article presents a comparative analysis of the conceptual framework for the preparation and presentation of financial statements of the two important international accounting models of normative use: the accounting standards established by the FASB and the IASB. The conceptual framework provides a guideline to prepare and present financial statements and at the same time it is a basis for the enactment of international financial reporting standards. To this day, there are some convergence agreements on conceptual frameworks between FASB and IASB, in charge of producing standards, which implies joint work in relation to their respective frameworks, with the purpose of developing a better conceptual framework, common for both institutions. With respect to this, in the article we can find proposals and reflections related to the convergence of conceptual frameworks, in order to enable the feasibility of a convergent framework as an important document in the revision and the issuance process of future international financial reporting standards.Debido a la continua globalización de los negocios y la globalización de las inversiones, que genera un mundo de los negocios altamente interrelacionado, es imprescindible contar con estándares comunes en contabilidad que mejoren la transparencia y la utilidad de la información. En ese sentido, el presente artículo presenta un análisis comparativo del marco conceptual para la preparación y presentación de los estados financieros de los dos modelos contables internacionales importantes de uso normativo: las normas contables emitidas por el FASB y el IASB. El marco conceptual proporciona una guía para preparar y presentar estados financieros y sirve de base para emitir normas internacionales de información financiera. A la fecha existen acuerdos de convergencia de marcos conceptuales, entre los organismos emisores de normas FASB y el IASB, lo cual implica un trabajo conjunto sobre sus respectivos marcos conceptuales, con la finalidad de desarrollar un mejor marco conceptual que sea común para ambas entidades. Al respecto, en el artículo se plantean propuestas y reflexiones vinculadas al proceso de convergencia de marcos conceptuales, para aproximar la viabilidad de un marco conceptual convergente como documento base en el proceso de revisión y emisión de futuras normas internacionales de información financiera.
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Diao, Badiaw. "La nouvelle comptabilité publique au sein de la zone UEMOA." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA100116.
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L'aggravation de la crise des finances publiques place l'information financière publique au cœur de la gestion de l'action publique. À ce titre, sous l’impulsion des partenaires techniques et financiers, l’Union Économique et Monétaire Ouest Africaine (UEMOA) s’est dotée d’un second cadre harmonisé des finances publiques en 2009, faisant suite à celui de 1997. Une nouvelle comptabilité publique, proche de celle du secteur privé, est promue par une série de directives. La novation majeure demeure la promotion d’une comptabilité d’exercice pour les États membres. Elle s’inspire des normes internationales, notamment du système comptable ouest africain (SYSCOA). La seule limite réside en la spécificité de l’État. La comptabilité publique change fondamentalement de nature. Elle est saisie en tant que système d'information financière devant garantir des comptes publics réguliers, sincères et fidèles. Sous ce rapport, l'étude s’emploie par le biais d’une approche analytique et appliquée aux ordres juridicocomptables nationaux à démontrer que le mouvement de régionalisation des normes juridiques UEMOA est le révélateur de la fabrique d’un droit public comptable autonome axé sur une nouvelle conception de la production de l’information financièreThe deepening crisis in public finances places public financial information at the heart of public policy management. As such, under the impetus of technical and financial partners, the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) adopted a second harmonised public finance framework in 2009, after the 1997 one. A new public accounting system, close to that of the private sector, is promoted by a series of directives. The major innovation remains the promotion of accrual accounting for member states. It is based on international standards, notably the West African Accounting System (WAAS). The only limit lies in the specificity of the State. The nature of public accounting is fundamentally changing. It is captured as financial information system that must guarantee regular, sincere and faithful public accounts. In this respect, the study uses an analytical approach and applied to the national legal and accounting orders to demonstrate that the movement towards regionalization of WAEMU legal standards is indicative of the creation of an autonomous public accounting law based on a new conception of the production of financial information
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Branchi, Roberto Zeller. "Fundos de investimento de venture capital e private equity : um estudo sobre a avaliação contábil da carteira de investimentos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/35433.
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O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar as práticas adotadas no Brasil relativas à avaliação contábil da carteira de investimentos de fundos de investimento de venture capital e private equity e verificar o seu alinhamento às práticas contábeis internacionais, considerando o contexto da harmonização contábil mundial. Possibilitando um melhor entendimento do assunto, apresenta-se a definição de capital de risco, o contexto evolutivo da indústria de venture capital e private equity, os agentes e os tipos e estágios de investimento, o ambiente regulatório no país e as principais práticas contábeis adotadas no Brasil e em âmbito internacional. Para atingir o objetivo do trabalho a pesquisa trouxe uma abordagem qualitativa de cunho descritiva, embasada na pesquisa bibliográfica e, também, uma pesquisa em informações disponíveis nas demonstrações financeiras arquivadas na Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (CVM). O resultado da análise revela que as práticas contábeis adotadas no Brasil, especificamente relativas à avaliação da carteira de investimentos de fundos de investimento de capital de risco, ainda não estão harmonizadas às práticas contábeis internacionais.The aim of this paper is to present the practices adopted in Brazil for the accounting valuation of the investment portfolio of investment funds (venture capital and private equity) and check their alignment with international accounting practices, considering the context of global accounting harmonization. Enabling a better understanding of the subject, presents the definition of venture capital, the changing context of industry, venture capital and private equity players and the types and stages of investment, the regulatory environment in the country and the major accounting practices in Brazil and internationally. To achieve the goal of the research work has brought a qualitative approach of descriptive, based on literature research and also research on information available in financial statements filed with the Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (CVM). The test result shows that the accounting practices adopted in Brazil, specifically concerning the assessment of the investment portfolio of investment funds in venture capital and private equity, are still not harmonized with international accounting practices.
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Fransson, Ellinor, and Maria Ladan. "Komponentavskrivning – Följer kommunerna lagen?" Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-16953.
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Komponentavskrivning är ett relativt nytt redovisningssätt för den offentliga sektorn. 2014 kom Rådet för kommunal redovisning med nya direktiv om att införa komponentavskrivning i de kommunala verksamheterna. Harmonisering har visat sig vara en grund till de nya direktiven, vilket påverkar de svenska kommunerna. Syftet med studien är att försöka identifiera om det finns faktorer som påverkar om en kommun har implementerat komponentavskrivning eller inte. Den teoretiska referensramen, innehållandes av relevanta teorier och begrepp, har hjälpt till att uppnå syftet. Det huvudsakliga metodvalet var att samla in data från årsredovisningar på samtliga 290 kommuner. För att komplettera svaren utfördes en telefonenkät som 57 kommuner svarade på. Resultatet visade att endast ett fåtal faktorer påverkar implementeringen av komponentavskrivning. Något som tydligt påverkar valet att implementering är den fria strukturen och ekonomichefernas eget intresse. Studiens resultat antyder att kommunerna inte följer lagen och det finns indikationer på att alla kommuner inte kommer följa lagen fullt ut i framtiden. Resultatet visade även att det finns en osäkerhet i vad för nytta komponentavskrivning skulle ge. Studien ökar förståelsen kring den offentliga sektorns redovisning med inriktning på hur i vilken utsträckning kommuner har implementerat komponentavskrivning. Enkätundersökningen visade att teorin och praktiken inte överensstämmer med varandra. Studien gav även indikationer på att det finns osäkerhet hos kommunerna vilket bidrar till att de gärna tar lärdom av varandra. Framtida forskning skulle kunna ge djupare kunskaper i varför komponentavskrivning inte har införts.Component depreciation is a relatively new accounting method for the public sector. 2014, the Swedish Council of Municipal Accounting introduced new directives about component depreciation in municipalities. Harmonization has proved to be the basis for the new directives, which affects the Swedish municipalities. The purpose of the study is to identify if there are factors that affect whether a municipality has implemented component depreciation or not. The theoretical framework, containing relevant accounting theories and concepts, has helped to achieve the purpose. The main methodology was to collect data from annual reports in all 290 municipalities. To complete the answers, a telephone survey was performed, where 57 municipalities responded. The result showed that only few factors affect the implementation of component depreciation. Something that clearly affects the choice of implementation is the accounting choice and the CFOs own interest. The results of this study indicate that municipalities do not comply with the law and there are evidence that all municipalities will not fully comply with the law in the future. The results also showed that there is uncertainty about what benefits component depreciation would provide. The study increases the understanding of the public sector accounting, focusing on in which extent municipalities have implemented component depreciation. The survey showed that the theory and practice did not match. The study provided indications that there are uncertainties in the municipalities, which means they would like to learn from each other. Future research could provide deeper knowledge of why component depreciation has not been introduced.
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Reis, José Filipe Pires dos. "A adopção das IAS 16 na União Europeia." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/16321.
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O Regulamento (CE) n.º 1606/2002 impôs que as empresas com títulos admitidos à
cotação em mercados regulamentados da União Europeia passassem a elaborar as
suas contas consolidadas, no período com início em, ou após, 1 de Janeiro de 2005,
tendo por base um conjunto de normas emitidas pelo International Accounting
Standard Board, facto que representou uma viragem no processo harmonizador
europeu iniciado em 1978.
Assim, com o objectivo de se investigarem os impactos desta nova etapa foi
realizado um estudo empírico visando determinar o grau de harmonização material e
a própria conformidade das contas para os anos de 2006 a 2008, tendo por base a
IAS 16 – Activos Fixos Tangíveis. Neste sentido, procedeu-se à análise da
informação financeira consolidada, divulgada por uma amostra de 298 empresas
que integravam, em 2006, o principal índice bolsista de 15 países da UE.
Para se atingirem os objectivos propostos foram utilizadas metodologias de
estatística descritiva e técnicas de análise multivariada de dados, como a análise de
Clusters, a Regressão Linear Múltipla, a Regressão Logística Binária, a Regressão
Multinominal Logística e a metodologia HJ-Biplot. Recorreu-se, ainda, à utilização de
três índices de associação, ou de concentração, o C-index, o H-index e o índice de
Jaccard.
A partir deste estudo concluiu-se que o grau de harmonização material face à IAS 16
não foi idêntico para todas as empresas, países ou sectores de actividade, tendo-se
identificado, inclusive, algumas das suas determinantes. No que respeita ao nível de
conformidade também se concluiu que este foi distinto entre empresas, países e
sectores de actividade, para além de se ter constatado que o mesmo foi mais
elevado no caso dos itens de divulgação obrigatória que no caso dos itens de
divulgação recomendada. Por fim, também foram identificadas as áreas nas quais as
empresas foram menos eficazes na divulgação da informação e foi desenvolvido um
modelo explicativo do nível de conformidade observado; ABSTRACT: The Regulation 1606/2002 requires publicity listed European companies to adopt the
International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) in the preparation and presentation
of consolidated accounts for the periods beginning on or after 1 January 2005. This
was a turning point in the accounting harmonization process in Europe, initiated in
1978.
In order to analyze the impacts of this new stage an empirical study was carried out
to determine the level of the de facto accounting harmonization (harmonization
accounting practices) for the years 2006 to 2008, based on IAS 16 – Property, Plant
and Equipment. The study was based on the financial information of a sample of 298
companies considered in definition of the most important stock index of 15 EU
countries in 2006.
To achieve the proposed objectives, methods of descriptive statistics and multivariate
analysis were used, like Cluster Analysis, Multiple Linear Regression, Logistic
Regression, the Multinomial Logistic Regression, and the HJ-biplot methodology.
Moreover, the C-index, the H-index and the Jaccard index were also used.
The results of this study show that the level of the de facto harmonization concerning
IAS 16 was not identical in all companies, countries and economic sectors in the
period under study, and some of causes of this were identified. It was also concluded
that the level of compliance was higher in items whose publication is obligatory than
in the case of items of recommended publication. Furthermore, this study enabled
the identification of the areas in which companies were less effective in disseminating
information required by IAS 16. Finally, a model explaining the level of compliance
was developed.
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Kubešová, Zuzana. "Možnosti stanovení základu daně z příjmů právnických osob při použití pravidel IFRS." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-199526.
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Diploma thesis builds on discussion about harmonization of corporate income tax. It deals with the possibility of determining the tax base of corporate tax in the Czech Republic from the profit recognized in according with IFRS. The thesis describes general differences affecting the amount of profit by using IFRS and by using Czech accounting rules. Then an analysis of several items is made, the differential impact on profit or loss when comparing the two systems is most pronounced. The purpose of this thesis is to suggest a specific adjustment of the Income Tax Law so that the tax burden when using the profit according to the IFRS is the same as in case of using the profit according to the national rules.
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Ďuricová, Lenka. "Vykazování nehmotných aktiv v různých účetních systémech." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-319407.
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The Diploma Thesis deals with an intangible assets reporting in different accounting systems. The purpose of the Diploma Thesis is a comparison of intangible assets in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), Czech and Slovak accounting rules. It presents the impact of the found problematic scopes on the relevance of data reporting in the concrete companies. It points out the necessity of harmonization of national accounting legislations.
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Araújo, Sandra Maria Almeida de. "Impacto da aplicação das normas internacionais de contabilidade nas empresas do PSI 20." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2384.
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Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças EmpresariaisA emissão do Regulamento 1606/2002 da Comissão Europeia impõe, a adopção das International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) na elaboração das contas consolidadas, às empresas cotadas em bolsa, desde 1 de Janeiro de 2005. Com este trabalho pretende-se saber qual o impacto da aplicação das IFRS nas Demonstrações Financeiras das empresas portuguesas cotadas em bolsa, analisando mais concretamente o Capital Próprio o Resultado Liquido do Exercício das empresas que constituíam o PSI 20 no início de 2005. Os resultados indicam que em média o Capital Próprio sofre um impacto negativo de 4,41% e o Resultado Liquido regista um impacto positivo significativo de 14,61%. As rubricas que sofreram os ajustamentos mais significativos e que contribuíram para os impactos registados foram: as Pensões de Reforma e outros Benefícios aos Empregados, os Activos Tangíveis e Intangíveis e os Impostos Diferidos.
Regulation 1606/2002 of the European Commission requires the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in the preparation of private companies' consolidated financial statements, starting in January 2005. This study examines the impact of IFRS on the financial statements of Portuguese major companies. Specifically, I study the impact on shareholder's equity and net income. I find a negative effect on shareholder's equity of 4,41% and a significant positive effect on net income of 12,61%. The most important adjustments are observed in pensions and other benefits to employees, tangible and intangible assets, and tax deferred.
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Silva, Marcelo Adriano. "Análise da regulação contábil: um ensaio à luz da teoria tridimensional do direito, da teoria normativa da contabilidade e do gerenciamento da informação contábil, numa perspectiva interdisciplinar." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/3949.
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Previous issue date: 2007The choice of accounting standards capable of defining the recognition, measurement and publicizing of financial and economic information to the general public constitutes one of the accounting community¿s greatest challenges. So, the analysis of the Fundamental Principles of Accounting and of the Conceptual Structure of Accounting becomes relevant because of its direct relation to the normative process and because it represents the essence of doctrines and theories relating to the Science of Accounting. Each country¿s set of rules diverges when it comes to creating and evidencing Accounting Statements, and that¿s why the harmonization of the International Accounting Rules is becoming more important among accountants: as an answer to the world qualitative and quantitative demand for information. When managers, answering a great variety of incentives, manipulate or manage the disclosure of accounting information, they show that the management of accounting information begins to represent a purposeful intervention in the process of elaboration of financial and economic statements with the intention of obtaining some private benefit. In this context, Accounting Regulation performs an important function in the technical procedure of professionals in the area and in the development of practices convergent with international standards, which, in their turn, are already in force. The present study, which is exploratory and non-experimental, aims at presenting and analyzing the process of accounting regulation under the perspective of rules and of the choice of accounting practices as an answer by regulated entities on a tridimensional perspective. The establishment of interaction among diverse fields, through interdisciplinarity, aims at bridging the gap between the fields of law and accounting by articulating concepts and cognitive schemes in a process of mutual enrichment. The research concludes that it is possible to apply concepts from Miguel Reale¿s Tridimensional Theory of Law in the study of accounting regulation.
A escolha de padrões contábeis capazes de definir a forma mais adequada para o reconhecimento, mensuração e divulgação das informações econômico-financeiras ao público externo constitui um dos grandes desafios da comunidade contábil. Dessa forma, a análise dos Princípios Fundamentais de Contabilidade e da Estrutura Conceitual da Contabilidade se torna relevante pela direta relação com o processo normativo e por representar à essência das doutrinas e teorias relativas à Ciência da Contabilidade. Os conjuntos normativos de cada país apresentam divergências na forma de elaborar e evidenciar as Demonstrações Contábeis, motivo pelo qual a harmonização das Normas Internacionais de Contabilidade (NIC) vem ganhando importância no meio contábil, em resposta à demanda qualitativa e quantitativa de informações em âmbito mundial. Os gestores ao manipularem ou gerenciarem a divulgação de informações contábeis em atendimento a uma grande variedade de incentivos, demonstram que o gerenciamento da informação contábil passa a representar uma intervenção proposital no processo de elaboração das Demonstrações Econômico-Financeiras, com a intenção de obter algum benefício particular. Nesse contexto, a Regulação Contábil exerce importante papel na conduta técnica de profissionais da área e no desenvolvimento de práticas convergentes com os padrões internacionais que, por sua vez, já se constitui numa realidade. O presente estudo, de caráter exploratório e não-experimental, tem por objetivo apresentar e analisar o processo de regulação contábil sob o enfoque normativo e da escolha de práticas contábeis como resposta dos entes regulados, numa perspectiva tridimensional. O estabelecimento da interação de disciplinas diversas, por meio da interdisciplinaridade, visa romper o isolamento entre as disciplinas contábil e jurídica, articulando conceitos e esquemas cognitivos em um processo de enriquecimento mútuo. A pesquisa conclui que é possível aplicar as concepções advindas da Teoria Tridimensional do Direito, de Miguel Reale, no estudo da regulação contábil.
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Šedý, Jakub. "Problematika přechodu na vykazování v souladu s IFRS." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-114534.
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The aim of this master's thesis is to describe the principle of the transition in accordance with IFRS. This thesis aims to introduce readers to the issues of conversion of financial statement prepared under Czech accounting regulations and financial statement prepared in accordance with IAS/IFRR; furthermore it aims to digestedly describe individual steps of this complex process focusing on current legal regulations. The dissertation in its beginning familiarize readers with the main differences between Czech accounting regulations and IAS/IFRS, further it mentions possibilities of the sole conversion of financial statement to IFRS and last, but not least it describes aforesaid issues with relations to chosen corporations that have reported in accordance with IFRS.
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Trabelsi, Raoudha. "Harmonisation comptable internationale dans les pays émergents : contigences environnementales ou pressions institutionnelles ? : cas de la Tunisie." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON10048.
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La recherche conduite se focalise sur le cas de la Tunisie, un pays émergent, initialement imprégné d'une culture comptable continentale, qui s'est engagé en 1997 dans une réforme avant-gardiste d'harmonisation comptable internationale, devançant plusieurs pays, dont ceux de l'Union Européenne, en abandonnant son Plan Comptable Général hérité de la période coloniale française, pour adopter son premier système comptable de type anglo-saxon, largement inspiré du référentiel international. Alors que la normalisation comptable internationale a considérablement évolué depuis 1997, notamment par le remplacement en 2001 de l'IASC par l'IASB, et l'introduction des IFRS, paradoxalement, très peu de révisions ont été apportées au système tunisien, laissant ainsi apparaître un écart, qui s'est progressivement creusé, entre normes tunisiennes et normes internationales. Cette situation interroge les motivations réelles ayant provoqué la réforme de 1997, qui peut être due aussi bien à un réel besoin local de se joindre à la sphère mondiale, qu'à une volonté d'afficher une étiquette ou un "Label ", au sens de Daske et al. (2007), afin de se conformer aux recommandations des organismes internationaux, et d'attirer différentes parties prenantes étrangères. Il convient de ce fait de s'interroger sur la nature des facteurs à l'origine du processus d'harmonisation comptable internationale en Tunisie : s'agit-il de contingences environnementales, ou de pressions institutionnelles? Ainsi, conformément à une structure de recherche classique, avec l'exposition d'une revue de la littérature, suivie d'une étude exploratoire du terrain exploitant qualitativement des entretiens réalisés auprès de professionnels tunisiens, pour mener enfin l'étude empirique proprement dite, dans une démarche quantitative, notre recherche se base sur la théorie de la contingence et l'approche néo-institutionnelle, pour répondre à la problématique suivante : Dans un pays émergent historiquement à tradition comptable continentale, comment se mesure l'avancement du processus d'harmonisation internationale et quels en sont les déterminants? Exploitant des réponses recueillies de juin à septembre en 2009 puis en 2010, via un questionnaire administré auprès de professionnels exerçant au sein de cabinets d'expertise comptable tunisiens et de cadres comptables exerçant au sein d'entreprises localisées en Tunisie, cette étude a pu montrer un faible niveau général d'harmonisation comptable internationale en Tunisie, de jure, mais surtout de facto. Aussi, l'analyse a montré que les facteurs étudiés susceptibles d'avoir un impact sur l'avancement du processus d'harmonisation sont à la fois contingents et néo-institutionnels, ces derniers étant les plus influents, pour les cabinets, alors qu'ils sont exclusivement néo-institutionnels, pour les entreprises. Le modèle comptable anglo-saxon ne serait donc pas pertinent pour toutes les entités économiques tunisiennes, la réforme de 1997 n'étant principalement que le résultat de pressions institutionnelles, notamment étrangères, exercées sur les choix économiques et politiques du pays, plutôt que d'un besoin émanant des différents acteurs interagissant dans le tissu économique tunisien local. En l'occurrence, parmi les parties exerçant une influence sur les entités tunisiennes pour les adapter à la culture anglo-saxonne des normes internationales, cette étude a identifié, les réseaux internationaux d'expertise comptable et d'audit, notamment les Big4, les groupes de sociétés multinationales, les parties prenantes étrangères des entreprises exportatrices, etc. Ainsi, seules les entités à dimension internationale présentent des niveaux élevés de familiarisation avec les IFRSThe study focuses on the case of Tunisia, an emerging country, initially impregnated by a continental accounting culture, having started in 1997 a pioneering reform of international accounting harmonization. Thus, ahead of several countries including those of the European Union, Tunisia replaced its General Accounting Plan inherited from the French colonial period, to adopt its first Anglo-Saxon accounting system, largely inspired by the international accounting system. But while the international accounting standardization had changed considerably since 1997, with the replacement of the IASC in 2001 by the IASB, and the introduction of IFRS, adding a "financial" dimension to the accounting information, paradoxically, very few revisions were made to the Tunisian system, showing a gap between Tunisian and international standards, that kept progressively widening. This situation of Tunisian accounting standardization, between a need and a will to make up the process of harmonizing with the international accounting standards, and a maintain of the Tunisian standards inspired by revised and even repealed old international standards, questions about the real motivations behind the 1997's Tunisian accounting reform. It may as well have been legitimized by a local real need to join the global sphere, or as a desire to display a label as defined in Daske et al. (2007), in order to comply with the recommendations of international organizations, and to attract foreign stakeholders. We therefore question the nature of the factors behind the process of international accounting harmonization in Tunisia: is it due to environmental contingencies, or institutional pressures? Following a conventional research structure, with a literature review, an exploratory study exploiting qualitatively interviews conducted with Tunisian professionals, and an empirical study using a quantitative approach, our research is based on the contingency theory and the neo-institutional approach, to address the following research question:In an emerging country historically impregnated with continental accounting tradition, how to measure the progress of the international harmonization process and what are its determinants? Exploiting responses collected via a questionnaire conducted from June 2009 to September 2009, and from June 2010 to September 2010, and administered to professionals working in Tunisian accounting firms or affiliated to the accounting departments of different Tunisian firms, the study showed the stagnation of the international accounting harmonization process in Tunisia. Also, the analysis showed that there are both contingent and institutional factors behind the launch of harmonization process, for accounting professionals working in accounting firms, and only institutional factors for professionals affiliated to accounting departments of Tunisian firms. The Anglo-Saxon accounting model would not be relevant for all economic entities in Tunisia, since the 1997 reform is principally the result of institutional pressures, mostly international ones, impacting the economic and political choices of the country, rather than a choice made to fulfill a need expressed by the various actors interacting in the local Tunisian economy. Among the parties that push Tunisian entities to be familiarized with the Anglo-Saxon culture of the international standards, our study identified the international accounting and auditing networks, including the Big4, the multinational groups, the stakeholders of foreign exporting firms, etc. Thus, in Tunisia, only the entities dealing with such international environment have high levels of familiarization with IFRS standards
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Lövgren, Josefine, and Linn Jörtner. "IFRS vs. US GAAP : - En komparativ studie av immateriella tillgångar." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-31274.
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The growing globalization within the business world and of capital market are contributing to a need of further harmonize accounting practices. This is because the differences in the accounting rules created differences in the financial outcomes. In 2005, all members within EU decided to move from a rule-based framework to a principle-based framework. A transition to the international regulations, International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), created better conditions for companies and stakeholders. With the aim to minimize the discrepancies in accounting practices, the European standard setting body, IASB aligned with the American standard setting body, FASB in a harmonization project to create a common and harmonized framework. The project started in 2002, and IASB and FASB corporation towards a common goal of an improved comparability of the financial statements by a uniform set of accounting standards. The purpose of this dissertation is to analyze the similarities and differences between IASB:s and FASB:s accounting for intangible assets and their attitude to the developments in the international harmonization process. We have conducted a study to what extent the different standards are harmonized in relation to each other. To fulfill this purpose the study has been performed from an abductive approach with a comparative design where we have classified different quots from each framework. The character of the analysis is qualitative and we chose to study four areas within each framework fair value, useful life, depreciation and impairments. Based on the information from the economic literature and scientific articles we used the dimensional theory to demonstrate how harmonized the standards are in relation to each other. The results show that there has been a harmonization between the IASB:s and FASB:s rules, however, disparity remain in terms of cultural and institutional differences. The analysis shows that IFRS:s are more rule-based than principle-based compared to US GAAP in terms of intangible assets. We think that a standard should include both rules and principles.Det sker en ständig globalisering inom företagsvärlden, inte minst inom kapitalmarknadsområdet. I denna process har skillnader mellan regler kring olika redovisningssystem inte följt med i samma takt. Skillnader mellan olika redovisningssystem har påvisats skapa skillnader i finansiella utfall. Denna företeelse har i sin tur framkallat ett behov av att skapa ett harmoniserat redovisningssystem. År 2005 beslutade sig därför samtliga medlemsländer inom EU att en övergång från ett regelbaserat regelverk till ett alltmer principbaserat regelverk skulle äga rum. Övergången till det internationella regelverket, International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), skulle hjälpa till att skapa de förutsättningar som krävdes för en samstämmighet inom området. Konceptet riktade sig främst mot företag och intressenter som var verksamma på den internationella marknaden. För att praktiskt kunna minimera redovisningsskillnader mellan olika redovisningssystem ingick den internationella normgivaren IASB, tillsammans med den amerikanska normgivaren FASB, i ett konvergeringsprojekt. Syftet var att skapa ett gemensamt och harmoniserat regelverk. Projektet mellan IASB och FASB inleddes år 2002 för att arbeta mot ett gemensamt mål om en förbättrad jämförbarhet mellan de finansiella rapporterna. Syftet med studien är att undersöka och analysera skillnaderna mellan IASB:s och FASB:s hantering av immateriella tillgångar, samt hur de ställer sig till utvecklingen inom den internationella harmoniseringsprocessen. Utifrån detta syfte har vi valt att genomföra en kvalitativ studie då vi anser att denna forskningsform ger oss möjligheten till att besvara våra forskningsfrågor. I vår undersökning har vi studerat i vilken grad de olika standarderna harmoniserar med varandra. För att uppfylla syftet har studien genomförts utifrån en abduktiv ansats, med en komparativ design, där vi har klassificerat utdrag från vardera regelverk. Vi har utgått från en kvalitativ undersökningsansats där fyra områden valts ut och analyserats. Områdena består i redovisning av verkligt värde, nedskrivningar, avskrivningar och nyttjandeperiod. Utifrån ekonomisk litteratur och vetenskapliga artiklar, har vi med hjälp av dimensionsteorin, kunnat visa i vilken mån regelverken är harmoniserade. Resultatet visar att det har skett en harmonisering mellan IASB:s och FASB:s regelverk, dock kvarstår det kulturella och institutionella skillnader. Analysen visar att IFRS är mer regelbaserad än principbaserad i förhållande till US GAAP vad det gäller immateriella tillgångar. Slutsatsen motsäger alltså den generella bilden av att US GAAP är regelbaserad och IFRS är principbaserad. Slutligen går utvecklingen inom harmoniseringen mot att utövaren får användning av sitt professionella omdöme och att regleringarna blir mer klara och flexibla. Enligt vår mening är det mest effektivt att en standard innehåller både regler och principer.
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Campedelli, Laura Romano. "Aspectos tributários da implementação das Normas Internacionais de Contabilidade (IFRS) no Brasil: uma nova abordagem a partir da perspectiva do direito e desenvolvimento." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/16243.
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This paper aims to propose a new approach to the tax aspects involved in the implementation of international accounting standards (IFRS) in Brazil, based on the theoretical framework of law and development. After presenting the international accounting harmonization movement and the contextualization of the historical and legislative evolution in the implementation of IFRS in Brazil, is held a literature review from the national legal and tax doctrine, about the impacts that arise from the use of new accounting standards for tax matters, identifying four kinds of problems: (i) qualification problems, related to the use of the "substance over form" principle; (ii) problems related to temporal conflicts at the recognition moment of accounting and tax results; (iii) problems related to the emergence of legal gaps and; (iv) problems related to the subjectivism of the new accounting standards. Following is argued that this strictly 'legal and tax' approach on the subject, named in this paper as a "legal and tax perspective', has led to the idea that the IFRS would be the bearers of complexities and insecurities that permeates the brazilian taxation, which may represent a narrow analysis paradigm for the issue. From the legal and institutional perspective, typical of the law and development approach, the paper presents a new analysis paradigm for the theme, classifying the IFRS implementation movement in Brazil as a process of institutional reform and developing the hypothesis that the problems presented by the legal and tax doctrine are only symptoms of the existence of a path dependence in tax matters in Brazil, concept of law and development literature which means "dependency of the previous institutional trajectory'. The adoption of this distinct analysis referential has the scope to increase the debate, making room to reframe the problems presented by tax doctrine and consider the legal and institutional re-accommodations that may be necessary in the national tax system in favor of a greater demand for development: align brazilian accounting practices to international practices, using the tax system as an element that enables this change, not as a barrier designed to prevent it.
O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de propor uma nova abordagem para os aspectos tributários envolvidos na implementação das normas internacionais de contabilidade (IFRS) no Brasil, o que se faz a partir do referencial teórico do direito e desenvolvimento. Após a apresentação do movimento de harmonização contábil internacional e a contextualização da evolução histórica e legislativa da implementação das IFRS no Brasil, realiza-se um levantamento bibliográfico, a partir da doutrina jurídico-tributária nacional, sobre os impactos decorrentes da utilização das novas normas contábeis em matéria tributária, identificando-se quatro ordens de problemas: (i) problemas de qualificação, relacionados à utilização do princípio da primazia da essência sobre a forma; (ii) problemas relacionados a conflitos temporais no momento de reconhecimento dos resultados contábeis e tributários; (iii) problemas relacionados ao surgimento de lacunas jurídicas e; (iv) problemas relacionados ao subjetivismo das novas normas contábeis. Em seguida, argumenta-se que essa abordagem estritamente jurídico-tributária sobre o tema, denominada no trabalho de perspectiva jurídico-tributária, tem conduzido à ideia de que as IFRS seriam as portadoras das complexidades e inseguranças que permeiam a tributação no Brasil, o que pode representar um paradigma de análise estreito sobre a questão. A partir da perspectiva jurídico-institucional, própria do direito e desenvolvimento, o trabalho apresenta um novo referencial de análise para o tema, classificando o movimento de implementação das IFRS no Brasil como um processo de reforma institucional e desenvolvendo a hipótese de que os problemas apresentados pela doutrina jurídico-tributária são apenas sintomas da existência de uma path dependence em matéria tributária no Brasil, conceito da literatura de direito e desenvolvimento que significa 'dependência da trajetória institucional pregressa'. A adoção desse referencial de análise distinto tem o escopo de incrementar o debate, abrindo margens para se ressignificar os problemas apresentados pela doutrina tributária e considerar as reacomodações jurídico-institucionais que se façam necessárias no direito tributário nacional em prol de uma demanda maior por desenvolvimento, qual seja: alinhar as práticas contábeis brasileiras às internacionais, usando o ordenamento tributário como um elemento que viabilize essa mudança, e não como uma barreira destinada a evitá-la.
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Nemcová, Lenka. "The IASB`s Project of New Standard for Leases." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201081.
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The work aims to analyze the new leasing standard which is supposed to be adopted by IFRS as well as US GAAP. The new standard represents one of the steps in the process of harmonization and convergence between two predominant world accounting standards, which has been in progress since the year 2002. The work provides readers with the comparison of these two leasing standards, resulted from which the need of common lease standard arose. This led to the first exposure draft of convergence standard issue, and finally the re-exposure draft issue. Because the new accounting standard is still in progress, I provide the analysis of the process as at the end of August.