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1

Pakdaman, Michael Navid, Michael P. Hier, Martin J. Black, Michael Tamilia, and Richard J. Payne. "Micropapillary Thyroid Carcinoma and Hashimoto's Thyroiditis." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 139, no. 2_suppl (August 2008): P40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2008.05.132.

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Objective An increase in papillary thyroid carcinoma in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis has been described. We have yet to find literature discussing a relationship with micropapillary thyroid carcinoma(MPC). Our objective is (1) to assess the relationship between Papillary Microcarcinoma and Hashimoto's Thyroiditis in thyroids without malignant disease, (2) compare effect of the presence of Hashimoto's on prognostic factors in patients. Methods Pathology reports were reviewed for consecutive patients undergoing total thyroidectomy over a 6-year period from 2002 to 2007. Patients with benign pathologies were included. Patients with MPC and no other malignancy were also included. This lead to a cohort of 314 patients. Statistical significance was calculated using Fisher's exact test and a chi-squared analysis. Results Out of the 314 patients, 98 were positive for Hashimoto's thyroiditis on biopsy of the removed thyroid. 58% of the patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis had an incidental MPC, as compared to 42% of patients where Hashimoto's was not found. Additionally, in Hashimoto patients, 61% of the MPCs were multifocal versus 43% multifocal in the non-Hashimoto group (p-value <0.05 in each comparison). Bilaterality of MPC was also increased in patients with Hashimoto's (22% vs 39%). Conclusions Patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis in this study had an incidence of MPC of 58%, which is significantly greater than the 42% in those without. Hashimoto's was also associated with an increased risk of bilaterality and multifocality. Studies are needed to further corroborate these findings.
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2

SHIBATA, MASAKI. "Why is Toru Hashimoto Called ‘a Japanese version of Trump’ or ‘Hitler’? A Linguistic Examination of Hashimoto's Attack on His Opponents." Japanese Journal of Political Science 19, no. 1 (January 17, 2018): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1468109917000202.

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AbstractThe former Osaka Mayor Toru Hashimoto is the focus of much public attention in Japan. He is a polarizing figure who is both liked and disliked in equal measures, and his political character, including his argumentative approach, has been widely discussed by the Japanese and international media, as well as within academic research. For example, theJapan Timeslabelled his speech style as ‘a Japanese version of Donald Trump and the former Tokyo mayor, Shintaro Ishihara, said Hashimoto's speech is like ‘Hitler's’. This study examines the differences between Hashimoto's rhetoric and that of other Japanese politicians. Of the various tactics involved in the argumentative strategy of Hashimoto, this study specifically focuses on his attacking of opponents, which is one of the common and important tactics used in political debate. This study analyses the three linguistic approaches used in political debate: the policies or character of the target; the evaluative meanings of attack, and negotiation used to reduce the assertiveness of attack. The data were drawn from a televised political debate, in which Hashimoto was required to debate with three opponents who opposed his points of view. This study demonstrates that the target and the evaluative meanings behind Hashimoto's attacks were not remarkably different from the other politicians. However, Hashimoto did not use negotiation and and he was more assertive in presenting criticisms while the other politicians’ criticisms were mediated by negotiation.
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3

Atia, Ahmed, Rihan Alathream, and Abdulwahab Al-Deib. "Incidence of Hashimoto Thyroiditis Among Libyans: A Retrospective Epidemiological Study." Journal of Medical Research and Innovation 5, no. 1 (March 6, 2021): e000251. http://dx.doi.org/10.32892/jmri.251.

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Background and aims. Hashimoto's disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the body produces antibodies that attack the thyroid gland, leading to chronic inflammation, destruction of the gland, and hypothyroidism. This study aimed to assess the epidemiology of this disease among Libyan patients. Methods. A cross-sectional retrospective study conducted from June 2012 to April 2020 in order to examine the anti TPO level among Libyan population. Data was collected from eastern and western part of Libya, and were analyzed from available sample for 244 apparently patients with thyroid disorders collected from different private clinic’s laboratories. The analysis for serum anti-TPO was done by electrochemiluminescence protein binding assay (ECLIA) using Roche diagnostics and Cobas e411 analyzer. Results. The current results showed that females predominate the study, and most of them were in the age group of (>40) years old. About 49.18% of these cases were suffering from Hashimoto's disease (High ATPO level). The mean value of anti-TPO status among females was (0.5±2) nmol/L, while among males it was (0.45±3) nmol/L. Significantly, more women (81.66%) had Anti- TPO Above (34 IU/ml), compared to (18.33%) of male participants. Conclusion. Hashimoto disease is common among patients with thyroid dysfunction especially females. Our findings suggest that different interventional strategies are needed to reduce the chances of developing Hashimoto’s and its associated negative health outcomes in Libya.
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4

Hapsari, Siti Nurul, and Sidarti Soehita. "Hyperthyroid Phase of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY 26, no. 1 (November 22, 2019): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.24293/ijcpml.v26i1.1779.

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Hashimoto thyroiditis (chronic autoimmune thyroiditis) is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in iodine-sufficient areas of the world. This condition, however, can sometimes show hyperthyroidism. A 39-year-old femalewas admitted to hospital due to shortness of breath and tremor four hours before hospitalization. There were nausea, chestpain, cold chills, and palpitation. She was diagnosed with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and routinely received tyrosol,propranolol, and dexamethasone. Physical examination showed cervical mass, afebrile, blood pressure of 130/70 mmHg,pulse rate of 110 beats/minute and respiratory rate of 20 breaths/minute. Laboratory examinations showed WBC 7.53 x 109/L, Hb 11.0 g/dL and platelet count of 168 x 109/L. Chest X-Ray: negative for infiltrates. Several laboratory testswere performed, abnormal results were as follows: FT4 level of 2.96 ng/dL (increased), TSH level of 0.003 µIU/mL(decreased), anti-TPO (antithyroid microsomal antibody) level of 306 IU/ml (increased), and IgE level of 213.6 IU/mL(increased). Peripheral blood smear, coagulation test, serum electrolytes, liver function tests, renal function tests, urinalysis,CEA and Ca 125 were within normal limits. Thyroid ultrasound was performed and showed a benign lesion. Fine needleaspiration biopsy showed lymphocytic Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Echocardiography showed hyperthyroid heart disease. Dueto an increase of anti-TPO and FT4 levels, a decrease of TSH levels and lymphocytic thyroiditis from FNAB, this patient wasdiagnosed with a hyperthyroid phase of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Thyroid function tests and thyroid antibody tests must bemonitored to distinguish between the hyperthyroid and hypothyroid phase of Hashimoto thyroiditis.
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5

Kandror, V. I., I. V. Kryukova, S. I. Krainova, N. A. Mkrtumova, Yu M. Keda, N. Yu Sviridenko, E. N. Bazarova, and N. V. Latkina. "Antithyroid antibodies and autoimmune diseases of the thyroid." Problems of Endocrinology 43, no. 3 (September 18, 2019): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl10392.

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The significance and mechanisms of action of different antithyroid antibodies in diffuse toxic goiter (Graves' disease) and chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (Hashimoto’s disease) arc analyzed. Antibodies immediately decreasing the level of cAMP in isolated thyrocytes were revealed in the sera of adolescents with juvenile struma, often resulting from lymphocytic thyroiditis. Complement-fixing cytotoxic antibodies are heterogeneous in patients with Graves' diseases and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Thyrocytes from the tissue of diffuse toxic goiter are resistant to the cytolytic effect of such antibodies from patients with Graves' diseases but not from patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The causes and mechanisms of development of resistance of thyrocytes from diffuse toxic goiter to antibody-dependent complement-mediated cytotoxicity of sera from patients with Graves' disease and the possibility of using this phenomenon as a differential diagnostic test are discussed.
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6

Ramalho, Joana, and Mauricio Castillo. "Hashimoto's encephalopathy." Radiology Case Reports 6, no. 1 (2011): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.2484/rcr.v6i1.445.

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7

KONISHI, JUNJI. "Hashimoto's disease." Practica Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica 79, no. 1 (1986): 106–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.79.106.

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8

Aquino, Renata Telles Rudge de, and Eduardo Genaro Mutarelli. "Hashimoto's encephalopathy." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 67, no. 3a (September 2009): 724–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2009000400034.

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9

ZIMMERMAN, ROBERT S. "Hashimoto's Thyroiditis." Annals of Internal Medicine 104, no. 3 (March 1, 1986): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-104-3-355.

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10

Sue, C. M., V. Fung, J. P. Halpern, S. C. Boyages, and C. Yiannikas. "Hashimoto's encephalopathy." Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 4, no. 1 (January 1997): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0967-5868(97)90018-7.

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11

Kashyap, Ajit Singh, and Surekha Kashyap. "Hashimoto's encephalopathy." Lancet 361, no. 9372 (May 2003): 1912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(03)13523-4.

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12

Franklyn, Jayne. "Hashimoto's encephalopathy." Lancet 361, no. 9372 (May 2003): 1912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(03)13524-6.

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13

Taylor, SE, G. Tudor-Williams, ME Garalda, and N. Martinez-Alier. "Hashimoto's encephalopathy." Lancet 361, no. 9372 (May 2003): 1912–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(03)13525-8.

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14

Augoustides-Savvopoulou, P., I. Mylonas, and C. Bairaktaris. "Hashimoto's encephalopathy." Lancet 361, no. 9372 (May 2003): 1913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(03)13526-x.

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15

Schiess, Nicoline, and Carlos A. Pardo. "Hashimoto's Encephalopathy." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1142, no. 1 (October 2008): 254–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1444.018.

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16

Sunil, G. S. "Hashimoto's Encephalitis." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 86, no. 2 (February 1, 2001): 947. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.86.2.947.

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17

Takasu, N. "Hashimoto's thyroiditis." Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 45, no. 1 (January 1991): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0753-3322(91)90159-q.

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18

Drulovic, Jelena, Sladjana Andrejevic, Branka Bonaci-Nikolic, and Vesna Mijailovic. "Hashimoto's encephalopathy: A long-lasting remission induced by intravenous immunoglobulins." Vojnosanitetski pregled 68, no. 5 (2011): 452–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp1105452d.

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Background. Hashimoto's encephalopathy (HE) is a rare autoimmune syndrome characterized by various neuropsychiatric manifestations, responsive to steroid treatment and associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. There are only a few reports suggesting that intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) might represent an efficacious treatment modality for the severe steroid-resistant HE cases. We presented a patient with HE who developed a complete recovery after the IVIG therapy followed by a long-lasting remission. Case report. We described herien a female patient with the one-year history of autoimmune thyroiditis before the development of neuropsychiatric manifestations. In May 1999, a 38-year-old woman presented at the Institute of Neurology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, with the brain-stem syndrome which responded well to steroid treatment. After detailed examinations, the diagnosis of Hashimoto's encephalopathy was established. Two years later, in June 2001, new manifestations (unsteadiness in gait, personality changes, seizures, and persistent headache) gradually developed during a 6-month period. Response to steroids was unsatisfactory and partial, since headaches and personality changes had continuously worsened. In January 2002, the patient received IVIG (0.4 g/kg body weight daily for 5 days). Gradual improvement was noticed and a complete recovery developed over the following weeks. Up to March 2009, during a 7-year follow-up period, remission persisted. Conclusion. To our best knowledge, this is the first report of a long-lasting remission of Hashimoto?s encephalopathy after IVIG therapy. Therefore, this case further supports administration of IVIG, as a potentially beneficial treatment modality, in severe cases of Hashimoto's encephalopathy which are completely or partially resistant to steroids.
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19

Siriweera, Eranga Himalee, and Neelakanthi Vajira Illangakoon Ratnatunga. "Profile of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis in Sri Lankans: Is There an Increased Risk of Ancillary Pathologies in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis?" Journal of Thyroid Research 2010 (2010): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2010/124264.

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Hashimoto's thyroiditis has been reported to be associated with many neoplastic and nonneoplastic thyroid pathologies. This retrospective study aims to determine the demographic profile of Hashimoto's thyroiditis in Sri Lankans, document ancillary pathologies in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and determine whether there is an increased risk of occurrence of malignancies, benign neoplasms, and nonneoplastic benign lesions in Hashimoto's thyroiditis by comparing with thyroids showing multinodular goiters, follicular adenomas, and colloid nodules. The mean age of Hashimoto's thyroiditis is 43.3 years with the majority in the 41 to 60 year age group and a female to male ratio of 10.3 : 1. This study revealed a statistically significant increase of thyroid malignancies in association with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The association of Papillary carcinoma, Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and Hurthle cell adenoma with Hashimoto's thyroiditis was statistically significant.
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20

Arsovska, Blagica, Jihe Zhu, and Kristina Kozovska. "CASE REPORT - ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT IN MALE PATIENT WITH HASHIMOTO THYROIDITIS." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 7, no. 9 (September 30, 2019): 288–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i9.2019.612.

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Hashimoto's thyroiditis is associated with the presence of anti-thyroid autoantibodies (anti-TPO). High serum antibodies are found in the active phases of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis. In many medical cases with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis it is possible to have high levels of anti-TPO antibodies and fT4, fT3 and TSH levels to be within the normal range. Most doctors believe that Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an incurable form of thyroid deficiency. With the TCM treatment the patient’s strength and vitality can be improved, the Qi flow can be harmonized, nourished and strengthened and the body’s system can be repaired and recharged so the patient may go into remission. The treated patient is 44 year old man, diagnosed with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis caused by stress. The patient has done 40 acupuncture treatments within 21 months, once a week. The patient wasn’t taking any additional hormonal medications. The parameters for fT4, fT3 and TSH were showing normal levels and the anti-TPO levels were increased. Before the treatment the anti-TPO antibodies amount was 252.4 IU/ml and after the treatment 4.07 IU/ml (normal <80 IU/ml). Treated points are: BL15 (XinShu), BL20 (PiShu), BL23 (ShenShu), DU4 (MingMen), DU14 (DaZhui), DU20 (BaiHui), ST9 (RenYing), LI4 (HeGu), KI3 (TaiXi), GB20 (FengChi), RN4 (QuanYuan), RN6 (QiHai), LR2 (TaiChong), SP9 (YinLingQuan), SP6 (SanYinJiao), ST36 (ZuSanLi) and Ashi points located on the neck (front and back).
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21

Wiebolt, J., R. Achterbergh, A. den Boer, S. van der Leij, E. Marsch, B. Suelmann, R. de Vries, and T. W. van Haeften. "Clustering of additional autoimmunity behaves differently in Hashimoto's patients compared with Graves' patients." European Journal of Endocrinology 164, no. 5 (May 2011): 789–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-10-1172.

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ObjectiveIt is unclear whether Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease (often referred to as autoimmune thyroid disease, AITD) cluster to the same extent with other autoimmune disorders.MethodsWe assessed adrenal, β-cell, celiac and gastric antibodies in a cohort of 523 adult patients with Graves' disease and 359 patients with Hashimoto's disease and compared their clustering.ResultsAdrenal autoimmunity associated more often with Hashimoto's disease (9.0%) than with Graves' disease (3.3%, P=0.001). β-cell autoimmunity was seen more frequently in Hashimoto's disease (25.4%) than in Graves' disease (15.6%, P=0.001) patients. We found low prevalences of celiac autoimmunity (1.2% for Graves' and 1.2% for Hashimoto's disease). Celiac and gastric autoimmunity were not statistically different in Hashimoto's and Graves' disease patients. Although gastric autoimmunity itself was equally prevalent (around 20%), Hashimoto's disease often showed significantly more clustering of adrenal autoimmunity with gastric autoimmunity (5.3%) than Graves' disease (1.2%, P=0.001). Similarly, clustering of adrenal autoimmunity was seen with β-cell autoimmunity in Hashimoto's patients (3.2%), while such clustering was much less encountered in 359 Graves' patients (0.9%, P=0.029).ConclusionIn conclusion, Hashimoto's disease shows a markedly higher clustering of additional autoimmunity, especially with adrenal and β-cell autoimmunity. Combined clustering of gastric and adrenal autoimmunity and combined clustering of adrenal and β-cell autoimmunity were both seen more often in Hashimoto's patients. Clustering with celiac disease appears to be low. These findings indicate that Hashimoto's and Graves' disease differ in their clinical expression regarding additional autoimmunity, which argues against the indiscriminate use of AITD as an entity.
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22

Kang, Sang Yull, Yo Na Kim, Seon Kwang Kim, Hyun Jo Youn, and Sung Hoo Jung. "IgG4-Related Hashimoto's Thyroiditis of the Thyroid Gland." International Surgery 102, no. 5-6 (May 1, 2017): 222–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.9738/intsurg-d-15-00172.1.

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Immunoglobulin (Ig) G4-related Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a newly discovered subtype of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and characterized by thyroid inflammation and marked fibrosis. IgG4-related Hashimoto's thyroiditis is very rare and there has been relatively little information available to date. A 46-year-old woman with a past history of thyroid dysfunction visited our outpatient clinic for severe anterior neck swelling. She complained of swallowing discomfort and pain due to severe goiter and was successfully treated with total thyroidectomy. Immunohistochemistry showed thyroid invasion by IgG4-positive cells and an IgG4/IgG ratio over 40%. The patient was diagnosed with IgG4-related Hashimoto's thyroiditis. We report a very rare case of IgG4-related Hashimoto's thyroiditis with severe goiter. A more comprehensive understanding of the IgG4-related Hashimoto's thyroiditis may help physicians to allow proper diagnosis and treatment of patients with severe goiter.
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23

Miyauchi, Akira, Shoichi Kikuchi, Fumio Matsuzuka, Tsukasa Aihara, Chiaki Yasui, Hidenori Yanagi, Masao Mitsunobu, Naoki Yamanaka, and Ayako Kakuno. "What should Autoimmune Thyroiditis be considered for?" World Journal of Endocrine Surgery 4, no. 2 (2012): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10002-1095.

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ABSTRACT Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease that usually requires medical treatment but sometimes benefits from surgical treatment. The reasons why patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis requires thyroidectomy are (a) malignant lymphoma (b) repeated acute exacerbation of thyroiditis and (c) concern of coexisting thyroid neoplasm from Hashimoto's thyroiditis. We present three patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, a 69-year-old woman with MALT lymphoma, a 53-year-old woman with repeated episodes of neckpain and a 67-year-old woman with a coexistent benign thyroid nodule. These three patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis received surgical treatment and had an excellent outcome and document that some patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis warrant surgical treatment. How to cite this article Kikuchi S, Matsuzuka F, Aihara T, Yasui C, Yanagi H, Mitsunobu M, Yamanaka N, Kakuno A, Miyauchi A. What should Autoimmune Thyroiditis be considered for? World J Endoc Surg 2012;4(2):54-59.
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24

Kasagi, Kanji. "Painful Hashimoto's Thyroiditis." Internal Medicine 45, no. 6 (2006): 351–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.45.0144.

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25

Barker, R., J. Zajicek, and I. Wilkinson. "Thyrotoxic Hashimoto's encephalopathy." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 60, no. 2 (February 1, 1996): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.60.2.234.

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26

PAPATHANASOPOULOS, P. "Febrile Hashimoto's encephalopathy." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 68, no. 6 (June 1, 2000): 795. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.68.6.795.

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27

Manto, M.-U. "Hashimoto's associated ataxia." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 72, no. 2 (February 1, 2002): 277–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.72.2.277.

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28

Aladdin, Yasser, and Bader Shirah. "Hashimoto's Encephalopathy Masquerading as Rapidly Progressive Dementia and Extrapyramidal Failure." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 13, no. 01 (January 2022): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1741487.

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AbstractHashimoto's encephalopathy is a rare immune-mediated disorder characterized by subacute encephalopathy with elevated thyroid antibodies. Hashimoto's encephalopathy is also known as steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis. We report a rare presentation of Hashimoto's encephalopathy presenting with acute neuropsychiatric disturbances, rapidly progressive dementia, seizures, and extrapyramidal failure. Neuroimaging revealed multifocal vasculitides of major cerebral vessels that support the autoimmune vasculitic theory as the underlying pathogenesis for Hashimoto's encephalopathy. Unfortunately, permanent irreversible cerebral damage has already ensued before her presentation to our center, which rendered steroid therapy ineffective. Serological testing for Hashimoto's thyroiditis must be in the investigation of all rapidly progressive dementias as early diagnosis and timely management of autoimmune thyroiditis may salvage sizable and eloquent cerebral tissues. The rarity of the condition should not preclude the investigation of Hashimoto's disease even in the presence of normal levels of thyroid hormones. Delayed diagnosis may result in irreversibly catastrophic encephalopathy in patients who once presented with potentially curable dementia.
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29

Fenton, J. E., J. Stack, P. Kelly, and T. P. O'Dwyer. "Lymphoma and Hashimoto's thyroiditis." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 109, no. 8 (August 1995): 781–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100131317.

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AbstractDevelopment of malignant lymphoma in Hashimoto's thyroiditis is well documented. A case of tracheal invasion by a lymphoma which accompanied Hashimoto's disease is described. The clinical and diagnostic difficulties which were encountered are presented. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings which have not been reported previously are outlined.
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30

Huang, Huibin, Xisheng Li, Ling Lin, Yaxiong Shi, Xiahong Lin, Liangyi Li, and Dongming Xu. "Upregulation of thyroid transcription factor-1 and human leukocyte antigen class I in Hashimoto's disease providing a clinical evidence for possible triggering autoimmune reaction." European Journal of Endocrinology 164, no. 5 (May 2011): 795–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-10-0960.

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ObjectiveAn increase in the expression of autoantigens and their presenting molecules human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I has been demonstrated to be responsible for autoimmune diseases. Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1 or NKX2-1) synchronously upregulates both HLA class I and thyroid-specific autoantigen, which may be involved in the pathological process of autoimmune thyroiditis. In this study, the expressions and potential role of TTF-1 and HLA class I in Hashimoto's disease (HT) were examined.PatientsIn this study, 22 resection specimens clinically and histopathologically confirmed to have Hashimoto's disease and 30 normal thyroid specimens from adjacent tissues of thyroid adenoma were used.MeasurementWestern blot, real-time PCR, and immunohistochemistry were performed to assay TTF-1 and HLA class I in the thyrocytes of Hashimoto's disease as well as in the normal thyroid from adjacent tissues of thyroid adenoma.ResultsThe TTF-1 and HLA class I in Hashimoto's disease were significantly higher than those in the controls.ConclusionUpregulation of TTF-1 and HLA class I in Hashimoto's disease provide a clinical evidence for possible triggering of autoimmune reaction.
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31

Falk, Stephen A., Eric A. Birken, and A. H. Ronquillo. "Graves' Disease Associated with Histologic Hashimoto's Thyroiditis." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 93, no. 1 (February 1985): 86–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459988509300117.

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The microscopic slides of 16 patients who underwent bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy for hyperthyroid Graves' disease were reviewed and classified into three groups: I, Hashimoto's thyroiditis; II, Graves' disease; and III, both Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease. Three patients were classified as group 1, 10 as group II, and three as group III. In 38% of the patients with clinical Graves' disease the histologic evidence of Hashimoto's thyroiditis could be found either alone or in combination with histologic evidence of Graves' disease (groups I and III). One patient in group I, four in group II, and three in group III had infiltrative ophthalmopathy (50% of total). Hyperthyroid Graves' disease, Graves' ophthalmopathy, and Hashimoto's thyroiditis can occur all together, in duads, or individually at a specific time in a patient's life.
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32

Ichikawa, Kazuo, Tsuyoshi Kaneko, Satoru Suzuki, Mitsuhisa Komatsu, Keishi Yamauchi, Toru Aizawa, and Kiyoshi Hashizume. "Aging and Hashimoto's Thyroiditis." Nippon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi. Japanese Journal of Geriatrics 35, no. 10 (1998): 771–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3143/geriatrics.35.771.

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33

Amino, Nobuyuki, Eijun Nishihara, and Mitsuru Ito. "Centennial of Hashimoto's Disease." Thyroid 23, no. 12 (December 2013): 1655–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/thy.2013.0530.

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34

Paulus, W. "Neuropathology of Hashimoto's encephalopathy." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 74, no. 7 (July 1, 2003): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.74.7.1009.

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35

Hayashi, Nobushige, Nagara Tamaki, Jugji Konishi, Yoshiharu Yonekura, Michio Senda, Kanji Kaeagi, Kazutaka Yamamoto, et al. "Sonography of Hashimoto's thyroiditis." Journal of Clinical Ultrasound 14, no. 2 (February 1986): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcu.1870140208.

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36

Williams, Dilwyn. "Hashimoto's and Ord's Diseases." Thyroid 13, no. 12 (December 2003): 1189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/10507250360731640.

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Rathi, Monika, Faiyaz Ahmad, Satish Kumar Budania, Seema Awasthi, Ashutosh Kumar, and Shyamoli Dutta. "Cytomorphological Aspects of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: Our Experience at a Tertiary Center." Clinical Medicine Insights: Pathology 7 (January 2014): CPath.S13580. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cpath.s13580.

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Introduction Hashimoto's thyroiditis is the most common form of acquired hypothyroidism. Fine needle aspiration cytology is one important tool in diagnosing Hashimoto's thyroditis, along with clinical, biochemical, immunological and ultrasonographical modalities. The present study examines cytological aspects of Hashimoto's thyroiditis along with their correlation with clinical, biochemical and immunological findings, whenever available. Materials and Methods This is a retrospective study of 50 cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Cytological findings were reviewed and correlated with clinical, biochemical and immunological findings whenever available. Results The majority of the patients were middle-aged females, with a female to male ratio of 6.14:1. Most patients presented with diffuse thyromegaly (68%) and/or hypothyroidism (56.09%). The antibody profile was available in 22% of patients. Of these, anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies were raised in 81.81% of patients and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies were raised in 63.63% of patients. In the present study, high lymphoid to epithelial cell ratio was seen in 78% of cases, and 74% of cases showed Hurthle cell change. Follicular atypia was seen in 36% of cases. Lymphoid follicle formation was seen in seen in 54% of cases. Follicular cell infiltration by lymphocytes, eosinophils and neutrophils was seen in 72%, 48% and 26% of cases, respectively. Plasma cells were seen in 18% of cases. Conclusion Thyroid function tests and immunological tests cannot diagnose all cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Fine needle aspiration cytology continues to be a diagnostic tool of significance in diagnosing Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The presence of inflammatory cells, particularly lymphocytes and eosinophils, was detected in a significant proportion of cases.
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Noh, Jaeduk, Noboru Hamada, Hifumi Saito, Midori Yoshimoto, Hiroyuki Iwasaki, Osamu Ozaki, Yasuyuki Okamoto, Kunihiko Ito, and Hirotoshi Morii. "Inhibition by immunoglobulin G of synthesis of thyroid hormone in thyroid cultures from hypothyroid patients with goitrous Hashimoto's thyroiditis." Acta Endocrinologica 123, no. 5 (November 1990): 511–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1230511.

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Abstract. Recently, thyroid microsomal antigen was identified as thyroid peroxidase, and thyroid microsomal antibody was found to inhibit thyroid peroxidase activity in vitro. We investigated the possibility that anti-microsomal antibody inhibits the iodination of tyrosine, in vivo. Immunoglobulin G with or without anti-microsomal antibody from hypothyroid patients with goitrous Hashimoto's thyroiditis inhibited thyroid hormone synthesis in cultured slices of normal human thyroid tissue. IgGs with anti-microsomal antibody inhibited 125I thyroidal uptake and thyroid hormone synthesis stimulated by TSH more than normal IgG did. However, the same results were obtained with IgGs without anti-microsomal antibody. This effect did not involve anti-microsomal antibody, anti-thyroglobulin antibody, TSH-binding inhibitor immunoglobulin, thyroid stimulation-blocking immunoglobulin, or the cAMP level of the thyroid tissue. The ratio of organic I to inorganic I with stimulation by TSH in slices incubated with IgG from hypothyroid patients with goitrous Hashimoto's thyroiditis or normal IgG was not significantly different, but was significantly higher in slices incubated with methylmercaptoimidazole. Therefore, IgG from hypothyroid patients with goitrous Hashimoto's thyroiditis mainly suppressed 125I thyroidal uptake, rather than inhibiting thyroid peroxidase activity. In addition, this IgG was present in the serum of 11 of the 12 hypothyroid patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis studied. This IgG may be involved in the mechanism that causes hypothyroidism in some patients with goitrous Hashimoto's disease.
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Miśkiewicz-Orczyk, Katarzyna A., Grażyna Lisowska, Dariusz Kajdaniuk, and Matuesz Wojtulek. "Can Hashimoto's thyroiditis cause vertigo? [Czy choroba Hashimoto może być przyczyną zawrotów głowy?]." Endokrynologia Polska 71, no. 1 (February 24, 2020): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5603/ep.a2019.0069.

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40

Nedosekova, Yu V., O. I. Urasova, Ye B. Kravets, and A. V. Chaikovsky. "The role of apoptosis in development of autoimmune thyroid diseases." Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 8, no. 1 (February 28, 2009): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2009-1-64-70.

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In the review representations about a role apoptosis by autoimmune thyroid diseases, such as Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, the basic pathogenetic links immunological abnormalities at the these diseases have been discussed. At has been demonstrated changes in a thyroid gland, and also changes endocellular pro- and anti-apoptotic factors are shown at Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease.
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Yoneda, Makoto. "Ataxic form of Hashimoto's encephalopathy." Rinsho Shinkeigaku 52, no. 11 (2012): 1369–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5692/clinicalneurol.52.1369.

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Barbesino, Giuseppe, and Luca Chiovato. "THE GENETICS OF HASHIMOTO'S DISEASE." Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America 29, no. 2 (June 2000): 357–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70136-5.

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43

Weissel, M., R. Höfer, H. Zasmeta, and W. R. Mayr. "HLA-DR and Hashimoto's Thyroiditis." Tissue Antigens 16, no. 3 (December 11, 2008): 256–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0039.1980.tb00302.x.

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44

Thomsen, M., L. P. Ryder, K. Bech, H. Bliddal, U. Feldt-Rasmussen, J. Moslholm, E. Kappelgaard, H. Nielsen, and A. Svejgaard. "HLA-D in Hashimoto's thyroiditis." Tissue Antigens 21, no. 2 (December 11, 2008): 173–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0039.1983.tb00388.x.

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Abeledo, A., C. E. Valera, P. Poo, C. I. Ortez, A. Nascimento, and P. Casano. "Down syndrome and Hashimoto's encephalitis." International Medical Review on Down Syndrome 14, no. 1 (March 2010): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2171-9748(10)70003-9.

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Henchey, R., J. Cibula, W. Helveston, J. Malone, and R. L. Gilmore. "Electroencephalographic findings in Hashimoto's encephalopathy." Neurology 45, no. 5 (May 1, 1995): 977–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.45.5.977.

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Shimizu, Kazuo, Yuki Nakajima, Wataru Kitagawa, Haruki Akasu, Keisuke Takatsu, Ritsuko Ishii, and Shigeo Tanaka. "Surgical Therapy in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis." Journal of Nippon Medical School 70, no. 1 (2003): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1272/jnms.70.34.

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AZUMA, T. "Myelopathy associated with Hashimoto's disease." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 68, no. 5 (May 1, 2000): 681–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.68.5.681.

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BOERS, P. M. "Hashimoto's encephalopathy responding to plasmapheresis." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 70, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.70.1.132.

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Osundeko, MD, Olusola, Stefan Hasinski, MD, FACP, FACE, and Leslie I. Rose, MD, FACE. "ANTICARDIOLIPIN ANTIBODIES IN HASHIMOTO'S DISEASE." Endocrine Practice 7, no. 3 (May 2001): 181–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4158/ep.7.3.181.

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