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Journal articles on the topic 'Hausa-Fulani'
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Ugbem, Erima Comfort, Ayokunle Olumuyiwa Omobowale, and Olanrewaju Olutayo Akinpelu. "Racial Politics and Hausa-Fulani Dominant Identity in Colonial and Post-colonial Northern Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Sociology and Anthropology 17, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 87–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.36108/njsa/9102/71(0160).
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The paper examined racial politics and identity contests in Northern Nigeria. The paper specifically traced the trajectory of racial politics and examined the dynamics of identity construction and contests in Northern Nigeria. An essentially qualitative method of data collection comprising primary data generated through in-depth interviews and secondary data generated through archival records were used. These were then subjected to content and descriptive analyses. Findings from the study revealed that racial politics originated during colonial rule with the British supposedly claiming gene/biological affinity of the Hausa-Fulani as with the Caucasoid groups of Eurasia. The Hausa-Fulani were consequently designated as the civilized group and super-imposed over minority groups that were classified as pagans. About six decades after colonial rule, Hausa-Fulani dominance remains a social reality in spite of identity contests and recreation by the minority groups of Northern Nigeria. Starting with the creation of the Middle Belt identity in the late 1950s, the constituent groups within the Middle Belt have consequently recreated other ethnic identities within Northern Nigeria. Notwithstanding, Hausa-Fulani remains the dominant group in Northern Nigeria socio-political structure.
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Adebowale, Ayo Stephen,, Soladoye, Asa, John Olugbenga, Abe, and Funmilola Folasade, Oyinlola. "Sex Preference, Religion and Ethnicity Roles in Fertility Among Women of Childbearing Age in Nigeria: Examining the Links Using Zero-Inflated Poisson Regression Model." International Journal of Statistics and Probability 8, no. 6 (November 19, 2019): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijsp.v8n6p88.
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The study aimed at examining the independent and joint influence of three cultural factors; religion, sex preference (SP) and ethnicity on fertility in Nigeria. Cross-sectional population-based cluster design approach was used for the study. The investigated population group was women of reproductive age (n=19,348). Probability of bearing ≥5 children, refined Total Fertility Rate and mean fertility were used to assess fertility. Data were analyzed using demographic and Zero-Inflated Poisson models. Fertility indices were higher among the Hausa/Fulani ethnic group than Igbo and Yoruba and also among Muslim women than Christians. Interaction shows that the probability of bearing at least five children was highest among women who; have no SP, belong to Islamic religious denomination, and of Hausa/Fulani ethnic group. The fertility incident rate ratio (IRR) was higher among women with no SP than women who have SP and also higher among Hausa/Fulani than Yoruba but lower among Christians than Muslims. Fertility differentials persists by ethnicity, religion and SP after controlling for other important variables. Difference exists in fertility among religious, ethnic groups and by SP in Nigeria. Fertility reduction strategies should be intensified in Nigeria, but more attention should be given to Muslims and Hausa/Fulani women.
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Adebowale, Ayo Stephen,, Soladoye, Asa, John Olugbenga, Abe, and Funmilola Folasade, Oyinlola. "Sex Preference, Religion and Ethnicity Roles in Fertility Among Women of Childbearing Age in Nigeria: Examining the Links Using Zero-Inflated Poisson Regression Model." International Journal of Statistics and Probability 8, no. 6 (November 19, 2019): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijsp.v8n6p91.
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The study aimed at examining the independent and joint influence of three cultural factors; religion, sex preference (SP) and ethnicity on fertility in Nigeria. Cross-sectional population-based cluster design approach was used for the study. The investigated population group was women of reproductive age (n=19,348). Probability of bearing ≥5 children, refined Total Fertility Rate and mean fertility were used to assess fertility. Data were analyzed using demographic and Zero-Inflated Poisson models. Fertility indices were higher among the Hausa/Fulani ethnic group than Igbo and Yoruba and also among Muslim women than Christians. Interaction shows that the probability of bearing at least five children was highest among women who; have no SP, belong to Islamic religious denomination, and of Hausa/Fulani ethnic group. The fertility incident rate ratio (IRR) was higher among women with no SP than women who have SP and also higher among Hausa/Fulani than Yoruba but lower among Christians than Muslims. Fertility differentials persists by ethnicity, religion and SP after controlling for other important variables. Difference exists in fertility among religious, ethnic groups and by SP in Nigeria. Fertility reduction strategies should be intensified in Nigeria, but more attention should be given to Muslims and Hausa/Fulani women.
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O'Rourke, Harmony S. "Native Foreigners and the Ambiguity of Order and Identity: The Case of African Diasporas and Islamic Law in British Cameroon." History in Africa 39 (2012): 97–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hia.2012.0004.
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Abstract:In 1947, the colonial government in British Cameroon established an Islamic court in the Grassfields to try cases involving the region's Muslim population, primarily comprised of Fulani and Hausa diaspora communities that had settled the area since the late nineteenth century. Colonial debates over the creation and purview of the court reveal uncertainties that permeated Indirect Rule's legal categories of native and non-native, or tribe and race, which were to be governed by customary and civil law, respectively. Comparing legal regimes in British Cameroon with Northern Nigeria, the homeland of “native” Hausa and Fulani, shows that Islamic law sat uneasily across the divide between customary and civil law. With the importation of the court to the Grassfields, where Fulani and Hausa transformed into “native foreigners,” the delineation between customary and civil law was rendered even more obscure, illustrating that it could never neatly correspond to constructions of race and tribe.
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Afolayan, Gbenga Emmanuel. "Hausa-Fulani women's movement and womanhood." Agenda 33, no. 2 (April 3, 2019): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10130950.2019.1609786.
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Adebayo, A. G. "Of Man and Cattle: A Reconsideration of the Traditions of Origin of Pastoral Fulani of Nigeria." History in Africa 18 (1991): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3172050.
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The fair-skinned people who inhabit the Sudan fringes of west Africa stretching from the Senegal valley to the shores of Lake Chad and who speak the language known as Fulfulde, are known by many names.1 They call themselves Fulbe (singular, Pullo). They are called Fulani by the Hausa of southern Nigeria, and this name has been used for them throughout Nigeria. The British call them Ful, Fulani, or Fula, while the French refer to them as Peul, Peulh, or Poulah. In Senegal the French also inadvertently call them Toucouleur or Tukulor. The Kanuri of northern Nigeria call them Fulata or Felata. In this paper we will adopt the Hausa (or Nigerian) name for the people—Fulani.Accurate censuses are not available on the Fulani in west Africa. A mid-twentieth century estimate puts the total number of Fulani at “over 4 million,” more than half of whom are said to inhabit Nigeria. Another estimate towards the end of 1989 puts the total number of Nigeria's Fulani (nomads only) at over ten million. If both estimates were correct, then the Fulani population in Nigeria alone must have grown 500 per cent in forty years. The dominant factor in this population growth is increased immigration of pastoralists into Nigeria in the wake of the 1968-73 Sahelian drought.
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Arowosegbe, Jeremiah O. "Hausa-Fulani Pastoralists and Resource Conflicts in Yorubaland." Interventions 21, no. 8 (August 25, 2019): 1157–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1369801x.2019.1649182.
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Lenshie, Nsemba Edward. "Ethno-Religious Identity and Intergroup Relations: The Informal Economic Sector, Igbo Economic Relations, and Security Challenges in Northern Nigeria." Central European Journal of International and Security Studies 14, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 75–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.51870/cejiss.a140104.
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Nigeria operates a multidimensional and complex system in which ethnicity and religion have found expression in a competitive environment to exclude other groups. This study aims to examine how ethnicity and religion underlie the hostility and violence in the economic relations between Hausa-Fulani and Igbo people in northern Nigeria. Using documented evidence, the study argues that economic relations between Igbo people and Hausa-Fulani ethnic group have remained unpalatable since the 1960s, and it is associated with the gregarious, assertive and domineering nature of Igbo people in the informal economic sector of northern Nigeria. Democratic revival in 1999 generated new dynamics of ethnic and religious intolerance against Igbo people, especially with the violent transformation of Boko Haram since 2009. Boko Haram violence not only scuttled businesses, but also led to the destruction of lives and properties in which Igbo people incidentally have been victims in most parts of northern Nigeria. Despite the security challenges Igbo people have remained to continue with their businesses in northern Nigeria.
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Bakari A.G., Adamu G., and Geoffrey C. Onyemelukwe G.C. "Indices of obesity among type-2 diabetic Hausa-Fulani Nigerians." International Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism 13, no. 1 (2005): 28–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000497571.
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Nweze, Emeka Innocent. "Dermatophytosis among children of Fulani/Hausa herdsmen living in southeastern Nigeria." Revista Iberoamericana de Micología 27, no. 4 (October 2010): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.riam.2010.06.003.
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Ioratim-Uba, Godwin. "Language, Ethnicity and Conflict: Applying Linguistic Measure to Prevent Ethnic Violence in Middle Belt Nigeria." International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 21, no. 4 (October 18, 2014): 557–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718115-02104006.
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This research highlights the efficacy of community-based language planning initiatives in ethnic conflict and violence prevention. As a threshold which elucidates how linguistic measures can help to prevent inter-ethnic violence, the research illustrates that where ethnic safeguarding reaches the extremity of violence, language issues are found to have covert but very strong causal roles as manifested in the ethnic violent conflicts affecting Nigeria’s Middle-Belt including the Berom/Afizere/Anaguta versus Hausa/Fulani; Taroh versus Hausa/Fulani (Plateau State); Tiv versus Etulo (Benue State); Tiv versus Jukun (Benue and Taraba States); and Jukun versus Kuteb (Taraba State). Paired t-test values set at a confidence interval of 95 per cent indicate that the statistical mean differences (1.60 in Tiv/Jukun and 9.60 in the Jos area) are close to the true difference occurrences in the randomly sampled populations. More significant are the two tailed P values of 0.5895 (Tiv/Jukun) showing low bilingualism; and 0.3477 (Jos area) depicting more acute bilingualism decline associated with the ethnic violence. The research then considers the application of linguistic measures vital to prevent ethnic violence. In particular, critiqued aspects of the Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scales (EGIDS) are recommended to ethnic communities, voluntary organisations and governments for implementation in dealing with violent conflicts.
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Danfulani, Umar Habila Dadem. "Factors Contributing to the Survival of The Bori Cult in Northern Nigeria." Numen 46, no. 4 (1999): 412–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568527991201437.
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AbstractThe paper examines factors responsible for the survival of the bori cult as a way of immortalizing maguzanci, i.e. Hausa traditional religion in Northern Nigeria. The paper regards bori as a part of maguzanci which survives as an island within the ocean of Islam. The paper reconstructs the origin and history of the bori cult in Hausaland. It locates this within maguzanci — from its earliest belief in "pagan" spirits (babbaku) to the introduction of "Muslim" spirits (farfaru) when Islam was introduced in Hausaland. Soldier spirits reflect totem spirits, famous hunters and war lords, while Fulani spirits mirror the advent of Fulani contact with the Hausa. The presence of European spirits in the bori cult reflects the pre-colonial and colonial epochs, a time when Europeans were in contact with Hausaland. The introduction of spirits from other ethnic groups in Nigeria into the cult merely mirror the interaction between Hausa and other ethnic groups in Nigeria. Thus the history of the bori cult reveals layers and historical epochs of Maguzawa contact with other peoples and cultures within their environment. The paper attributes the survival of the bori cult to a number of factors, among them the feminine nature of the cult, its control and domination by women and its provision of freedom for women, unequalled by both Islam and Christianity. Furthermore, bori provides an avenue for socio-cultural performance, festivals, and other types of interaction, and offers traditional medical and health care services to the public, factors that have endeared the cult to both members and non-members. The firm belief of the Hausa in the existence of spirits even in contemporary times to aid to the growth of bori. In a nutshell, this paper establishes that the major factor for the survival of the bori cult in a predominant hostile Muslim environment is its flexible and dexterous nature, particularly in accomodating Islamic practices alongside "pagan" ones.
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Oba, AA. "Islamic Law as Customary Law: The Changing Perspective in Nigeria." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 51, no. 4 (October 2002): 817–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iclq/51.4.817.
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Pluralism is a main feature of Nigeria as a country. There is ethnic pluralism.1 The pre-colonial Nigeria comprised of over 250 nation states embracing over 500 ethnic and linguistic groups.2 These ethnic groups spread across the three main geographical units in the country, namely, the north, the west, and the east. The north was dominated by the Hausa-Fulani and the Kanuri peoples, the west by the Yoruba speaking tribes, and the east by the Igbos.
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Ross, Paul J., Nina L. Etkin, and Ibrahim Muazzamu. "The greater risk of fewer deaths: an ethnodemographic approach to child mortality in Hausaland." Africa 61, no. 4 (October 1991): 502–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1160534.
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AbstractA Nigerian case study illustrates how local understandings of health influence perceptions of infant survival in ways that may juxtapose indigenous interpretations to other ‘objective’ data. Evidence from two extended field investigations of a Hausa-Fulani village, set 12 years apart, suggests a decline in childhood mortality rates attendant upon the increasing availability of biomedicines. We note, however, that local perceptions are that mortality risks are now greater for those less than five years old. Our discussion focuses on the circumstances that inform this ethnodemography and its applicability to other population studies.
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Ahmed, AbdulazeezO, EmmanuelS Kolo, Nafisatu Bello-Muhammad, and Sadiq Hassan. "Waardenburg syndrome type 1 in a Hausa/Fulani child: Implications for genetic counseling." Tropical Journal of Medical Research 19, no. 1 (2016): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1119-0388.172069.
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Drasar, B. S., F. Montgomery, and A. M. Tomkins. "Diet and faecal flora in three dietary groups in rural northern Nigeria." Journal of Hygiene 96, no. 1 (February 1986): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022172400062537.
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SUMMARYQuantitative bacterial counts, concentrations of bile acids and bacterial enzyme profiles were measured in faecal samples from three tribal groups with distinctive dietary patterns in a rural area of northern Nigeria. Samples were obtained from Maguzawa (with a predominantly cereal diet), Hausa (cereal with regular meat consumption) and Fulani (cereal with frequent consumption of cows' milk). Numbers of bacteroides, clostridia and concentrations of bile acids were lower in the Maguzawa than the other dietary groups but these differences were not statistically significant. Bacterial enzyme profiles in each group were similar. The results are discussed with respect to possible influences of diet on the human intestinal microflora.
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Nnebue, Chinomnso C., Chidebe O. Anaekwe, and Adaeze N. Anaekwe. "Sociodemographic determinants of maternal knowledge, attitude and uptake of routine immunization in ‘Sabo’ and ‘Non-Sabo’ communities in Awka, Nigeria." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 5, no. 5 (September 22, 2018): 1197. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20183894.
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Background: Routine immunization coverage has been reportedly hampered by migration, and user characteristics, such as maternal knowledge and attitude. An understanding of these maternal variables could help modify preventive strategies. The objective of the present study was to assess and compare the Sabo and non-Sabo communities in Awka, Nigeria for sociodemographic determinants of maternal knowledge, attitude and uptake of routine immunizationMethods: A community based comparative study of 420 mothers and caregivers in Awka selected via multistage sampling technique, was conducted between July and October 2015. Data collection was by interview using semi-structured questionnaire, while analysis was done with Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0. Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, Yates correction and student’s t tests were used to determine statistically significant associations between variables at p value of < 0.05.Results: There was normal distribution of age groups of respondents for both communities. Married women (53.0%) in Sabo communities had better knowledge of routine immunization than (47.0%) in non-Sabo communities (p= 0.000). Self-employed women were the most knowledgeable in routine immunization 310 (74.0%) (p= 0.042). Married women in the Sabo communities (53.0%) had better attitude than (47.0%) (p= 0.000).in non-Sabo communities. The maternal uptake of routine immunization among the different communities, ethnic and religious groups were higher in non-Sabo, Igbo/others and Christian groups than the Sabo, Hausa/Fulani and Muslim groups. (p= 0.010).Conclusions: This study found differences in baseline socio-demographic characteristics of the two communities, as well as better knowledge, attitude and uptake of routine immunization among the non-Sabo (Ibo/others and Christians) than the Sabo (Hausa/Fulani and Muslims). Addressing issues of factors identified to affect routine immunization will greatly assist in boosting uptake of routine immunization in both communities.
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Salihu Shinkafi, Tijjani, Lawali Bello, Sanusi Wara Hassan, and Shakir Ali. "An ethnobotanical survey of antidiabetic plants used by Hausa–Fulani tribes in Sokoto, Northwest Nigeria." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 172 (August 2015): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2015.06.014.
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Warren, Dennis Michael. "Islam in Nigeria." American Journal of Islam and Society 5, no. 1 (September 1, 1988): 161–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v5i1.2888.
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Islam in Nigeria is the product of A. R. I. Doi's twenty years of research on the spread and development of Islam in Nigeria. Professor Doi, currently the director of the Centre for Islamic Legal Studies at Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria, has also taught at the University of Nigeria at Nsukka and the University of lfe. His lengthy tenure in the different major geographical zones of Nigeria is reflected in the book. The twenty-one chapters begin with a general introductory overview of the spread of Islam in West Africa. Part I is devoted to the impact of Islam in the Northern States of Nigeria, Part II deals with the more recent spread of Islam into the Southern Nigerian States and Part III explicates a wide variety of issues germane to the understanding of Islam at the national level. The book is comprehensive, thoroughly researched, and is based on analyses of secondary sources as well as primary field research conducted in all parts of Nigeria. The book has nine maps, seventy-three photographs, detailed notes at the end of each chapter, a bibliography and an index. Professor Doi traces the spread of Islam through North Africa into the Ancient Empires of Ghana, Mali and Songhai. As Islam moved into the Northern part of Nigeria, it had a dramatic impact on the seven Hausa states and on the Fulani peoples who carried out the jihad under Shehu Utham Dan Fodio and the Fulani Sultans of Sokoto. A link was established between the Umawz Arabs and the Kanem-Bornu State. Islam also influenced the Nupe and Ebirra peoples. With the arrival of the Royal Niger Company, British Imperialism and Christian missions began to move into Northern Nigeria about 1302 AH/1885 AC. The impact of colonialism and Christianity upon Islam in Northern Nigeria is analyzed by Dr. Doi. Of particular interest is the analysis of syncretism between Islam and the indigenous cultures and religions of Northern Nigeria. The Boori Cult and the belief in al-Jinni are described. The life cycle of the Hausa-Fulani Muslims includes descriptions of the ceremonies conducted at childbirth, the naming of a new child, engagement, marriage, divorce, and death. Non-Islamic beliefs which continue to persist among Muslims in Northern Nigeria are identified ...
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Akpa, G. N., O. J. Ifut, and F. Mohammed. "Indigenous management of Dystocia in ruminant livestock of northern guinea savanna of Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 29, no. 2 (January 1, 2021): 264–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v29i2.1574.
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This study, conducted in Bauchi and Zaria areas of the northern guinea savanna zone of Nigeria involved livestock that encountered problems during parturition Ninety eight Hausa-Fulani livestock holdings involving cattle, sheep and goats were investigated. The study focused on causes of and remedies for dystocia. The study showed that farmers have traditional means of handling difficult birth in ruminants. The identifiable causes of dystocia included age and size of dam, abnormal foetal presentation, poor health, multiple foetuses and weight and sex of the young. The management of this problem included the use of hand to correct foetal position, lubrication of the vulvo-vagina passage with mashed okra fruit for easy passage, and oral administration of solutions from native herbs, snake scales, potash and ashes.
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K. Ali, Hannatu, Mustapha Al-Yasa’U, and Aminu A. Wushishi. "An Investigation on the Forgotten Aspects of Cultures and Influence of Western Education among Communities in Niger State, Nigeria." International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies 6, no. 3 (July 31, 2018): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijels.v.6n.3p.32.
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In Niger State, there are more than fifteen different ethnic groups, each having its peculiar cultural affiliations, but the major ethnic groups in the State are; Nupe, Gbagyi, Fulani/Hausa. This paper tends to reflect on certain aspects of cultures which seem to have been forgotten among the three major ethnic groups, with focus on marriage most of whose aspects have been tempered by the influence of Western education. A qualitative method was used with the aim of extracting vital information from the participants regarding the forgotten aspects of cultures. Four aged people who are versed on culture were purposively selected. An in-depth interview, non-participatory observation and document analysis were used as means for data collection. All the participants were interviewed in English and each session of the interview lasted for about an hour to two hours. The interview was recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed manually. Findings from the study discovered that; most of the beautiful and less expensive cultural practices in marriage have been forgotten, abandoned and changed with expensive and luxurious practices. The paper reviews the traditional marriage practices in the past among the Nupe, Gbagyi and the Fulani, and the influence of Western education on the forgotten aspects. The paper concludes by pointing out effects of the forgotten aspects on our contemporary society, particularly with the increase in population among the youths.
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Hunwick, John. "A Historical Whodunit: The So-Called “Kano Chronicle” and its Place in the Historiography of Kano." History in Africa 21 (1994): 127–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3171883.
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Murray Last obliquely suggests that [the “Kano Chronicle”] is best regarded as a rather free compilation of local legends and traditions drafted in the mid-seventeenth century by a humorous Muslim rationalist who almost seems to have studied under Levi-Strauss.The danger lies in being carried away by one's own ingenuity.The question of the authorship and date(s) of writing of the so-called “Kano Chronicle” (KC) and hence how historians should evaluate it as a source, have intrigued students of Kano (and wider Hausa) history since the work was first translated into English by H. R. Palmer in 1908. Palmer himself had the following to say:The manuscript is of no great age, and must on internal evidence have been written during the latter part of the decade 1883-1893; but it probably represents some earlier record which has now perished….The authorship is unknown, and it is very difficult to make a guess. On the one hand the general style of the composition is quite unlike the “note” struck by the sons of Dan Hodio [ʿUthmān b. Fūdī, Abdulahi and Muḥammad Bello, and imitated by other Fulani writers. There is almost complete absence of bias or partizanship…. On the other hand, the style of the Arabic is not at all like that usually found in the compositions of Hausa mallams of the present day; there are not nearly enough “classical tags” so to speak, in it…. That the author was thoroughly au fait with the Kano dialect of Hausa is evident from several phrases used in the book, for instance “ba râyi ba” used in a sense peculiar to Kano of “perforce.” The original may perhaps have been written by some stranger from the north who settled in Kano, and collected the stories of former kings handed down by oral tradition.
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Sabir, Anas, Sandra Iwuala, Sani Abubakar, and Kabiru Sada. "Abstract #833: Rural-Urban Difference in Levels of Physical Activity Among Hausa-Fulani of North-Western Nigeria." Endocrine Practice 22 (May 2016): 178–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1530-891x(20)45167-5.
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Oladiran, Afolabi. "Migration and citizenship question in Nigeria: A study of the Berom and Hausa/Fulani conflict in Jos." African Journal of Political Science and International Relations 10, no. 2 (February 29, 2016): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajpsir2014.0739.
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MUHAMMADOU AMADOU, JABIRU. "The Impact of Hausa-Fulani Traditional Medicine and Healing Method on the Indigenous Peoples of the Bamenda Grassfields." International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering 5, no. 7 (2019): 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31695/ijasre.2019.33250.
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Abdulhamid, Z., U. Lawal, Abdul Tahir, M. Harande, H. Usman, and A. Nuhu. "Perceptions of Hausa and Fulani Tribes on Traditional Birth Attendants in Zaria Local Government Area, Kaduna State, Nigeria." Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research 2, no. 2 (January 10, 2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jocamr/2017/27773.
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Sharma, Priyanka, and Binay Kumar. "Peripartum cardiomyopathy: an obstetric review." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 6, no. 2 (January 31, 2017): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20170364.
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Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare and potentially fatal form of systolic heart failure which presents in later months of pregnancy and post-partum. Incidence varies over geography and ethnicity. It is highest in the African tribes of Hausa and Fulani. The incidence in the United States ranges from 1 in 1500-7500 births. Risk factors include advanced maternal age, multiparity, preeclampsia, multifetal gestation and African descent. Various etiologies such as viral myocarditis, abnormal immune and hemodynamic response to pregnancy, inflammatory mediation and genetic susceptibility have been proposed. Of late, the role of abnormal prolactin metabolism and resulting myocardial toxicity have been explored and bromocriptine has shown promise as a potential treatment option. Medical management is similar to other causes of systolic heart failure, except that ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers are avoided in pregnancy. Complications include cardiac arrhythmias, thromboembolism and refractory heart failure can occur. Maternal deaths are not uncommon.
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Muazu, J., and MH Kaita. "A Review Of Traditional Plants Used In The Treatment Of Epilepsy Amongst The Hausa/Fulani Tribes Of Northern Nigeria." African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines 5, no. 4 (October 20, 2008): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v5i4.31294.
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Agu, Ngozichukwuka, Nnadozie Emechebe, Korede Yusuf, Oluyemisi Falope, and Russell S. Kirby. "Predictors of early childhood undernutrition in Nigeria: the role of maternal autonomy." Public Health Nutrition 22, no. 12 (May 21, 2019): 2279–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019000818.
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AbstractObjective:To investigate the relationship between maternal autonomy and various indices of child undernutrition among children aged <2 years in Nigeria, considering the cultural context and sociodemographic factors.Design:Population-based, cross-sectional study. Associations between various indices of maternal autonomy and child undernutrition (specifically stunting, underweight and wasting) were determined using weighted bivariate and multivariable logistic regression modelling.Setting:2013 Nigerian Demographic Health Survey.Participants:Children aged between 3 and 24 months (n 7532).Results:Overall, 31·4 % (n 2270), 29·8 % (n 2060) and 25·0 % (n 1755) of children in the sample were stunted, underweight and wasted, respectively. Women with acceptance of domestic violence (low autonomy) were approximately 18 and 14 % less likely to have stunted (OR = 0·82; 95 % CI 0·71, 0·94) and underweight children (OR = 0·86; 95 % CI 0·75, 0·99), respectively. Similarly, women with low power in their couple relations were 17 % less likely to have children who were wasted (OR = 0·83; 95 % CI 0·72, 0·97). Sociodemographic predictors of all indices of undernutrition included maternal education and Hausa ethnicity. Additionally, stunting was predicted by lack of exclusive breast-feeding, low income and being of Fulani ethnicity; wasting by having mothers with low BMI; and underweight by breast-feeding initiation within 1 h hour of birth, polygamous homes, mothers with low BMI and being of Fulani ethnicity.Conclusions:Women with acceptance of domestic violence and low power in couple relations were found to be less likely to have children with indices of undernutrition. This unexpected finding calls for future exploratory research, and policies and interventions that target at-risk subgroups.
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Ibrahim, Aliyu Hassan, and Hassan Ibrahim Adamu. "CHARACTERIZATION AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF ETHNO-CULTURAL TOURISM RESOURCES IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 4, no. 4 (June 12, 2021): 126–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2020-0404-467.
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The paper examined the spatial distribution and characteristics of ethno-cultural tourism resources available in different ethnic communities in Kaduna State, Nigeria. The sampled communities are Ham, Fulani, Hausa, Kagoro, Adara and Gbagyi, field observations were also carried out for holistic resource inventory in the ethnic communities. Documentary data were obtained from desk review method; information on tourism resources available in each ethnic community. The findings of the study reveal that the ethno-cultural resources were characterized into three groups that are made up of archaeological/historical monuments, cultural and festival activities, and artifacts; while the nature-based tourism, resources were also sub-divided into geomorphic and hydrological features. The study recommends that There is the need for private public partnership (PPP) to foster visible ethno-cultural tourism development projects (tourism potential development, provision of social amenities to enhance competitive advantage and enlightenment campaigns), since the local and state Governments (basically in terms of infrastructural developing and policy issue that will providing an enabling environment for tourism projects to strive) cannot do all or meet all the yearnings of the people.
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Umar, MuhammadTukur, ShaibuO Bello, Aminu Chika, and Yakubu Abdulmumini. "Plasma chlorzoxazone as a probe for cytochrome 2E1 activity among Hausa/Fulani in northwest Nigeria: Determination of acetaminophen metabolic phenotypes." Journal of Health Research and Reviews 7, no. 1 (2020): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jhrr.jhrr_59_19.
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Umar, MuhammadT, ShaibuO Bello, Aminu Chika, and Yakubu Abdulmumini. "Assessment of cytochrome P450 2E1 activity in Hausa/Fulani of northwest Nigeria using chlorzoxazone as a probe determination of polymorphism." Egyptian Pharmaceutical Journal 19, no. 1 (2020): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/epj.epj_55_19.
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Adeyemi, Oluwatobi O. "Local Government Administration in Nigeria: A Historical Perspective." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 9, no. 2 (May 21, 2019): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v9i2.14813.
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Local government administration in Nigeria is as old as history and its dated back pre-colonial era. It had been part of system of government among ethnic groups in Nigeria particularly the Yoruba in the West, Hausa/Fulani in the North and the Igbo in the East. Each ethnic group operating it as it suits their cultural value. Under colonial administration, it was known as indirect rule system. It was an attempt to govern the people through their chief. At independence and thereafter, the system has since been restructured and reorganized depending on the regime and the nature of government in power. These changes have made it to pass through series of uncertainties and with peculiar characteristics. The paper, therefore, examines the historical development of local government in Nigerian state. The research methodology is carried out through the use of secondary data. However, the paper founds out that, the current state of Local Government in Nigeria is characterised by unbridled interference of the State Government and therefore recommends that, there is need to review the Constitution to make Local Government autonomous especially on the issues of fiscal power, functions and responsibilities.
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Fasan, Rotimi. "Alaroye: political contestation, genres, innovations and audience in a Yoruba-language newspaper." Africa 88, no. 4 (November 2018): 840–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972018000499.
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AbstractNigerian newspapers, like newspapers elsewhere, are often established as part of the apparatus for the extension of personal or group interests, to mobilize and contest meaning in the overall project of constructing hegemony in an ethnically fractious polity. In this article, I trace the emergence ofAlaroye, the best-known Yoruba-language newspaper today, by identifying its survival strategies and stabilization against the changing circumstances of a hostile environment. The article aims to demonstrate that, in challenging the oppressive activities of a military dictatorship led by the Hausa-Fulani and a media market dominated by English-language newspapers,Alaroyehas been able to negotiate its existence within the contested space that is Yorubaland in particular and Nigeria at large. In this state of contestation and fierce competition, tabloidization has been central toAlaroye’s success, making it a leader whose example is being closely emulated by other Yoruba-language newspapers. Following from this, the article discusses the genres ofAlaroyeand the newspaper's genre-blurring innovations, including its oral written style, all of which point to its transformation into a tabloid, against the background of its initial failure at the newsstand and the factors responsible for its revitalization and stabilization after three failed attempts.
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Tembo, Nick Mdika. "Ethnic Conflict and the Politics of Greed Rethinking Chimamanda Adichie's." Matatu 40, no. 1 (December 1, 2012): 173–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-040001011.
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The African continent today is laced with some of the most intractable conflicts, most of them based on ethnic nationalism. More often than not, this has led to poor governance, unequal distribution of resources, state collapse, high attrition of human resources, economic decline, and inter-ethnic clashes. This essay seeks to examine Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's through the lens of ethnic conflict. It begins by tracing the history and manifestations of ethnic stereotypes and ethnic cleavage in African imaginaries. The essay then argues that group loyalty in Nigeria led to the creation of 'biafranization' or 'fear of the Igbo factor' in the Hausa–Fulani and the various other ethnic groups that sympathized with them; a fear that crystallized into a thirty-month state-sponsored bulwark campaign aimed at finding a 'final solution' to a 'problem population'. Finally, the essay contends that Adichie's anatomizes the impact of ethnic cleavage on the civilian Igbo population during the Nigeria–Biafra civil war. Adichie, I argue, participates in an ongoing re-invention of how Africans can extinguish the psychology of fear that they are endangered species when they live side by side with people who do not belong to their 'tribe'.
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Shankar, Shobana. "Race, Ethnicity, and Assimilation." Social Sciences and Missions 29, no. 1-2 (2016): 37–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18748945-02901022.
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This article traces the influences of American anthropology and racial discourse on Christian missions and indigenous converts in British Northern Nigeria from the 1920s. While colonial ethnological studies of religious and racial difference had represented non-Muslim Northern Nigerians as inherently different from the Muslim Hausa and Fulani peoples, the American missionary Albert Helser, a student of Franz Boas, applied American theories and practices of racial assimilation to Christian evangelism to renegotiate interreligious and interethnic relations in Northern Nigeria. Helser successfully convinced the British colonial authorities to allow greater mobility and influence of “pagan” converts in Muslim areas, thus fostering more regular and more complicated Christian-Muslim interactions. For their part, Christian Northern Nigerians developed the identity of being modernizers, developed from their narratives of uplift from historical enslavement and oppression at the hands of Muslims. Using new sources, this article shows that a region long assumed to be frozen and reactionary experienced changes similar to those occurring in other parts of Africa. Building on recent studies of religion, empire, and the politics of knowledge, it shows that cultural studies did not remain academic or a matter of colonial knowledge. Northern Nigerians’ religious identity shaped their desire for cultural autonomy and their transformation from converts into missionaries themselves.
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Nnabuihe, Onyekachi, and Kayode George. "LAND GRABS AND HUMAN INSECURITY IN COLONIAL JOS PLATEAU, NIGERIA." Caleb Journal of Social and Management Science 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 225–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.26772/cjsms2020050207.
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This article places land grab in its primeval colonial milieu and investigates how colonial tin mining operation induced human insecurity in colonial Jos, Nigeria. It uses the human insecurity approach to address questions of colonial “control grabbing” – grabbing and controlling of land – in Jos Plateau. Although contemporary research addresses the recent rush for African lands, they have allocated minimal attention to historical details and lessons of colonialism as well as its connection to human insecurity. Through the use of interviews and archival sources, the article investigates how tin mining operations stimulated human insecurity and how British land policies and politics empowered the Hausa and Fulani in Jos Plateau, to accumulate much land and how their actions and inactions provided the incentives for bloody and intractable conflicts in the post-colonial era. The article argues that scholarly analysis of land grab is largely associated with food and biofuel production ignoring the connection with tin exploitation and its legacies. To this end, discourses on land grabs need to allocate adequate attention to natural resources as a stimulant for the phenomenon and why it is a threat to environmental peace. Keywords: Land grabs, human insecurity, land policies and politics, conflicts, Jos Plateau Nigeria.
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Abubakar, M. S., A. M. Musa, A. Ahmed, and I. M. Hussaini. "The perception and practice of traditional medicine in the treatment of cancers and inflammations by the Hausa and Fulani tribes of Northern Nigeria." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 111, no. 3 (May 2007): 625–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2007.01.011.
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Olayinka Omoniyi, Timilehin. "Appraisal of harmful traditional practices in Nigeria: magnitude, justifications and interventions." Journal of Social, Humanity, and Education 1, no. 1 (November 13, 2020): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.35912/jshe.v1i1.335.
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Purpose: The study did an appraisal of harmful traditional practices (HTPs) in Nigeria despite global, regional, national laws, policies and programmes, women and girl-children are still being subjected to dehumanising treatments. Research methodology: Systematic search in literature, personal experiences, archival materials, and oral interviews were used in data collection, while thematic analysis was used to interpret oral confessions carried out on thirty-six (36) elderly persons who were purposively selected. Results: There is high prevalence of HTPs across the Nigeria which the cultural and secular laws are silent about. It was discovered that many children (underage 10-15years of age) in Hausa/Fulani lands are prone to marriage by adoption, force or early marriage of girls between, while in the Eastern part, the is high magnitude of child hustling, outrageous dowry payment, separatist theory as practiced in Osu caste system, servitude (Maid) etc, and in the West are practices of scarification, wife battery, polygamy. They rely on socio-cultural, psycho-sexual, spiritual and aesthetic justifications. The study recommends action-related studies followed by proper education interventions. Limitations: The study covered HTPs across Nigeria with 36 participants. Further studies should concentrate on tribe or region basis with larger participants. Contribution: This study did an appraisal of harmful traditional practices in Nigeria; magnitude, justifications and interventions Keywords: Harmful Traditional Practices, Traditions, Magnitude, Justification
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Reid, Richard. "The Challenge of the Past: The Quest for Historical Legitimacy in Independent Eritrea." History in Africa 28 (2001): 239–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3172217.
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In the 1960s a host of African nations discovered their independence and, with it, rediscovered the pleasure and the pain of the past. States such as Nigeria and Ghana, Tanzania and Uganda, using both local and expatriate scholars, embarked on the reconstruction of “national histories,” with an enthusiasm which, at the beginning of the twenty-first century, seems enviable. From an academic point of view, this period witnessed the rejection of the colonial distortion of Africa's past—i.e., the idea that basically the continent had none worth talking about—and the historiographical offensive which was thus launched may be seen to have been ultimately successful.In terms of African politics, history was seen in many new states as a means of nation-building and the fostering of national identity. In Tanzania, for example, precolonial leaders such as Mirambo and Nyungu-ya-Mawe, the relative linguistic unity provided by Swahili, and the anticolonial Maji Maji uprising were used, both consciously and subliminally, to encourage the idea that Tanzanians had shared historical experiences which straddled both the precolonial and the colonial eras.It must be conceded that history did not always prove as reliable an ally to African politicians as to scholars of Africa. Penetration into the Nigerian past served, indirectly at least, to magnify the regionalism which had already troubled the decolonization process in that territory, and underlined the distinct historical experiences of, for example, the Yoruba in the south and the Hausa-Fulani in the north.
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Ekele, Bissallah A., Sadisu M. Maaji, Shaibu O. Bello, and Imran O. Morhason-Bello. "Profile of Women Seeking Fetal Gender at Ultrasound in a Nigerian Obstetric Population." Ultrasound 16, no. 4 (November 1, 2008): 199–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174313408x353837.
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Objective: To determine the proportion of women that wanted to know fetal gender at ultrasound, characterize them and document reasons for wanting to know fetal gender. Methodology: A cross-sectional study on consecutive pregnant women at 20 weeks or more gestation that presented for prenatal ultrasound at a private hospital in Nigeria from May to December 2005. Results: Of the 1135 women, 167 (14·7%) sought to know the fetal gender. Significant independent factors included ethnic group, as women from the predominant Hausa–Fulani were less likely when compared to those of other ethnic groups (OR: 0·4, 95% CI: 0·2–0·7). Women with tertiary education were 6·6 times (OR: 6·6, 95% CI: 3·3–13·2) more likely. Women with a previous male baby were 30·6 times more likely (OR: 30·6, 95% CI: 13·6–68·5), while those with previous female baby were 54·3 times more likely (OR: 54·3; 95% CI: 23·4–125·8) to seek fetal gender. Main reasons for seeking fetal gender were preference for a particular fetal gender (57%); what wears to buy for the baby (24%) and curiosity (18%). Conclusion: About 15% of the study group requested to know fetal gender and it was associated with ethnic group, maternal educational level and gender of the previous baby. The most common reason for wanting to know fetal gender was the desire for a particular gender.
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Ibrahim, Aliyu H., and J. A. Falola. "THE ROLE OF STAKEHOLDERS IN ETHNO-CULTURAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT PLANNING IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 5, no. 1 (June 25, 2021): 94–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2021-0501-541.
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The paper evaluates the anticipated benefits and the perceived host community support for ethno-cultural tourism resource development in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was adopted for this study. Six local governments’ areas were chosen purposively because they accommodate different ethnic and cultural diversity within the state, representing about 33% of the total number of 23 LGAs in the state and have an estimated population of 1,639,621. The selected LGAs are also heterogeneous in terms of ethnicity, culture and religion. Semi-structured interview were administered to 316 respondents selected in the study area. Survey data were obtained through focus group discussion (FGD) in each ethnic community. FGD”s were held with youths, elders and aged. The sampled communities are Ham, Fulani, Hausa, Kagoro, Adara and Gbagyi, field observations were also carried out for holistic resource inventory in the ethnic communities. Documentary data were obtained from desk review method; information on tourism resources available in each ethnic community. The study reveals that the anticipated benefits of ethno-cultural tourism expected by the host communities are basically in terms of infrastructural development (road, water, electricity and communication services) and essential amenities (accommodation, restaurant, Tourist Travel Services, banking and bureau de change). The study recommends that lack of financial capital is a great hindrance for local communities to invest in the tourism industry. A mechanism for financial assistance, including provision of soft loans, needs to be in place in order to encourage host communities to invest in the industry. In turn, this would
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Umar, Amina G., and Aisha N. Adamu. "Attitude and acceptability of assisted reproductive technology among women in a tertiary hospital in Sokoto, northern Nigeria." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 10, no. 5 (April 23, 2021): 1770. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20211488.
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Background: Infertility couple affects the couple's life, work, health, personality, identity and quality of life. The aim of the study is to determine the attitude and acceptability of assisted reproductive technology among women at the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that involved three 350 women attending infertility clinic. They were recruited via convenient sampling method using semi-structured questionnaire. The data obtained was managed using the statistical package for social sciences version 20. A p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant and the result obtained was presented in charts and tables.Results: Among the 350 women recruited, their ages ranged between 14-58 years with a modal age of 25-35 yeas (58.0%) and a mean of 28.59±6.7. They are mostly (78.6%), of the Hausa/Fulani ethnic group. Almost all (98.9%) of them were married and unto 40.5% of them were in polygamous marriage. Majority, 36.9% had tertiary education, and about same proportion, about half, 51.7%% were gainfully employed. About 60.3% of them were nulliparae with a mean duration of infertility of 5.07±4.8 years. Approximately half, 53.1% had secondary infertility and only about half, 51.4% will accept ART if offered. Unfortunately, among those who declined, majority (40.9%) had no reason for doing so. There was statistically significant association between educational status and acceptance of assisted reproductive technology (ART) at p value 0.02.Conclusions: The acceptance of ART in our environment is influenced by the educational status and number of living children.
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Oluwakemi, Olowolafe, Olawale Olonade, and Christiana Adetunde. "A Contextual Analysis of Three Major Tribes’ Traditional Conflict Resolution Mechanisms in Pre-Literate Nigerian Society." Applied Research Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 3 (November 30, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.47721/arjhss202003018.
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This paper contextually analyzed three major tribes’ traditional conflict resolution mechanism in pre-literate Nigerian society. Conflict is very much part of human society and it is expected. Conflict resolution encompasses a range of processes gallantly aimed at alleviating or eliminating sources of conflict. Secondary sources of data with relevant literature were engaged and the Emile Durkheim theory of societal development was adopted as a theoretical framework. Findings show that in Yorubaland, conflict is seen as unavoidable, a positive development through which people understand each other better. While the main causes of conflict among the Igbos are basically land, chieftaincy tussle and matrimonial fallouts. Prior to kingship institution, the Igbo used non-centralized forms of government which have in attendance Elders and Council of Elders which serves as the highest and most important peacemaking and conflict resolution mechanism. Hausa/Fulani pre-colonial administration is highly centralized and hierarchical in nature. The Emir, in terms of adjudication, is both the political and religious head because he ensures that the provisions of Sharia are adequately followed to the core in treating cases of individual or group conflicts. The Emir court was the highest and the final. Having perused all the conflict resolution mechanisms of the three major tribes in Nigeria, the following recommendations were made; there is a need to encourage traditional conflict mechanisms as it is accessible and economic for disputants. There should be peace education for all and sundry. Alternative dispute resolution and unofficial strategies should be subscribed to in an attempt to ameliorate and manage human’s conflicts (vigilante, militias, charms, prayers, communal solidarity, etc). Keywords: Tribes, Traditional, Pre-illiterate, Conflict Resolution
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Benova, Lenka, Manahil Siddiqi, Ibukun-Oluwa Omolade Abejirinde, and Okikiolu Badejo. "Time trends and determinants of breastfeeding practices among adolescents and young women in Nigeria, 2003–2018." BMJ Global Health 5, no. 8 (August 2020): e002516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002516.
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IntroductionOptimal breastfeeding practices have far-reaching health and economic benefits. Evidence suggests disparities in breastfeeding practices by maternal age-groups, with younger mothers often having lower rates of breastfeeding initiation, continuation and exclusivity compared with older mothers. There is limited knowledge of trends and factors associated with breastfeeding practices, particularly among adolescent and younger mothers in Nigeria. We examine key breastfeeding practices in Nigeria over a 15-year period, comparing adolescent mothers to young women.MethodsWe used four Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys collected between 2003 and 2018. We constructed six key breastfeeding indicators to cover the time period of breastfeeding from initiation to child age 24 months in women of three maternal age groups at the time of birth: young adolescents (<18 years), older adolescents (18–19.9 years) and young women (20–24.9 years). We used logistic regression to examine the association between maternal age group and select breastfeeding behaviours on the 2018 survey.ResultsAnalysis showed an increase in optimal breastfeeding practices across the four surveys and among all maternal age groups examined. Adolescent mothers had consistently lower prevalence for three of the six key breastfeeding indicators: early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding <6 months and no prelacteal feed. Compared with young women, adolescent mothers had a higher prevalence of continued breastfeeding at 1 and 2 years. In multivariate analysis, we found that maternal age group was not associated with early breastfeeding initiation or with exclusive breastfeeding <6 months. However, several sociodemographic (ethnicity, region of residence) and healthcare-related (mode of delivery, antenatal care, postnatal breastfeeding counselling) factors were strongly associated with these two practices.ConclusionsIn Nigeria, there is need to better support breastfeeding and nutritional practices in adolescents and young women focusing on ethnic groups (Hausa, Fulani, Kanuri/Beriberi) and geographic regions (South East) that are lagging behind.
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Iliyasu, Zubairu, Radeeyah B. Kassim, Bilkisu Z. Iliyasu, Taiwo G. Amole, Nafisa S. Nass, Salisha E. Marryshow, and Muktar H. Aliyu. "Acceptability and correlates of HIV self-testing among university students in northern Nigeria." International Journal of STD & AIDS 31, no. 9 (July 5, 2020): 820–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462420920136.
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Concerns about stigma and confidentiality limit the uptake of HIV testing and counseling (HTC) among young adults. HIV self-testing has been offered as a youth-friendly alternative to conventional HTC. We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess HTC uptake, willingness to self-test, and their predictors among university students ( n = 399) in Kano, Nigeria. Anonymous self-administered questionnaires were provided to participants. Adjusted odd ratios were generated for predictors with logistic regression models. The results showed that only 35.8% ( n = 143) of participants had previous HTC.Most respondents (70.4%, n = 281) were willing to self-test. HTC was associated with year of college (500 Level vs. 100 Level), adjusted odds ratio (AOR, [95% Confidence Interval (CI)] = 0.44 (0.19–0.97), campus residence (off- vs. on-campus, AOR = 0.45; 95%CI: 0.28–0.73), sexual activity in the past six months (AOR = 0.39; 95%CI: 0.24–0.64), willingness to self-test (AOR = 0.38; 95%CI: 0.22–0.66), and consistent condom use (AOR = 4.45; 95%CI: 1.41–14.08). Students who were older (≥ 30 vs. <20 years, AOR = 0.20; 95%CI: 0.05–0.90) and female (AOR = 0.56; 95%CI: 0.32–0.98) were less likely to be willing to self-test, whereas students who were more senior (500 Level vs. 100 Level, AOR = 5.24; 95%CI: 1.85–14.84), enrolled in clinical science programs (vs. agriculture, AOR = 4.92; 95%CI: 1.51–16.05) or belonging to “other” ethnic groups (vs. Hausa–Fulani, AOR = 2.40; 95%CI: 1.11–5.19) were more willing to self-test. Overall HTC uptake was low, but acceptability of self-testing was high. College seniority, age, ethnicity, and program of study were associated with willingness to self-test. Our findings support the feasibility of scaling up HIV self-testing among university students in Nigeria.
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Iliyasu, Bilkisu Z., Taiwo G. Amole, Hadiza S. Galadanci, Shahida S. Abdullahi, Zubairu Iliyasu, and Muktar H. Aliyu. "Occupational Exposure to Blood and Body Fluids and Knowledge of HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis among Medical and Allied Health Students in Northern Nigeria." International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 11, no. 4 (October 26, 2020): 196–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ijoem.2020.2094.
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Background: Clinical students are at increased risk of exposure to blood-borne pathogens. However, little has been documented about their exposure to blood and body fluids and their knowledge of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in high-HIV burden settings, such as Nigeria. Objective: To determine the prevalence and predictors of BBF exposure and knowledge about PEP among medical and allied health students in northern Nigeria. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 273 clinical students were asked to complete structured questionnaires. The prevalence of BBF exposure was determined. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the independent predictors of BBF exposure. Results: The majority of the respondents (98.2%) had heard about PEP; 26.0% (n=71) had adequate knowledge about PEP. 76 (27.8%) of the 273 respondents reported accidental exposure to HIV. 230 (84.2%) respondents had positive attitude toward HIV PEP. Of those who had had accidental exposure to HIV (n=76), only 13% (n=10) received PEP. The level of knowledge about PEP was predicted by previous training (aOR 0.43, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.80 ["no" vs "yes"]), year of training (aOR 4.10, 95% CI 1.60 to 10.47 [6thvs 4th year]), course of study (aOR 4.69, 95% CI 2.06 to 10.68 ["allied health" vs "clinical medicine"]) and religion (aOR 5.39, 95% CI 1.40 to 20.71 ["non-Muslim" vs "Muslim"]). Similarly, accidental exposure was independently predicted by respondents’ sex (aOR 2.55, 95% CI1.36 to 4.75 ["female" vs "male"]), age (aOR 2.54, 95% CI 1.06 to 6.15 ["25–29" vs "20–24" years]), ethnicity (aOR 2.15, 95% CI1.10 to 5.14 ["others" vs "Hausa/Fulani"]), course of study (aOR 0.06, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.38 ["allied health" vs "clinical medicine"]), and previous PEP training (aOR 0.39, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.78 ["no" vs "yes"]). Conclusion: One in four clinical students reported exposure to BBF. Most students expressed a positive attitude toward PEP, but knowledge and uptake of PEP was sub-optimal. We recommend strengthening training curricula for infection control and prevention and enhancing protocols for timely post-exposure evaluation and follow up for all exposure incidents.
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Alex-Ojei, Christiana A., Nicole de Wet, and Lorretta F. C. Ntoimo. "Characteristics of men who engage in cross-generational sexual behaviour in Nigeria." Journal of Biosocial Science 52, no. 5 (November 7, 2019): 719–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932019000749.
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AbstractCross-generational sexual relationships are a major route of transmitting HIV and STI between older and younger generations. However, previous research has focused mainly on the young women in these relationships. This study examined the characteristics of men engaging in non-marital sexual relationships with girls aged 15–19 in Nigeria. The data were drawn from the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey, and the analysis was restricted to a sub-sample of 7557 men aged 30–49 who were sexually active in the 12 months prior to the survey. Data analysis was carried out using frequency distributions, chi-squared tests of association and binary logistic regression. It was found that 9.5% of men aged 30–49 reported engaging in cross-generational sexual relationships. Also, being older (OR = 0.35), married (OR = 0.37), having secondary or higher education (OR = 0.70; 0.59) and having sexual debut between ages 18 and 30 (OR = 0.73) were associated with a lower likelihood of having cross-generational sexual relationships. However, Muslim men (OR = 2.10), men from Igbo (OR = 1.90), Hausa/Fulani (OR = 8.47) and Northern and Southern minority tribes (OR = 4.73; 2.49), men living in rural areas (OR = 1.34), men who were over the age of 30 at sexual debut (OR = 2.67) and those with 2–4 and 5 or more lifetime sexual partners (OR = 1.43; 1.58) were significantly more likely to engage in cross-generational sexual relationships. Addressing the challenges of cross-generational sexual relationships can be an effective strategy to reduce the menace of HIV and STI transmission. Men who have low education, those aged 30–34 years, those who initiated sex at an older age, rural dwellers and those who have had several lifetime sexual partners need to be targeted while designing and implementing programmes and policies to reduce cross-generational sexual relationships in Nigeria. These interventions must also take into account the religious and cultural attitudes towards cross-generational sexual relationships, and further investigations should identify men’s motives for engaging in the practice.
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Musa, Abuhuraira Ado, Yusuf Muhammad Abdullahi, Muhammad Nuhu Salihu, Mamman Muhammad Lawal, Solomon Arigwe Joseph, Maryam Dahiru Umar, and Faisal Muhammad. "Assessment of knowledge and prevalence of drugs and substance abuse among the students of a selected tertiary health institution in Kano, Nigeria." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 8, no. 8 (July 23, 2021): 1032. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20212854.
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Background: Drugs and substance abuse is one of the commonest emerging public health problems among both adults and adolescents in developing countries. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge and prevalence of drugs and substance abuse among the students of a selected tertiary health institution in Kano, Nigeria.Methods: A multistage sampling technique was used during selection of the participants and the study was conducted for a period of 4 months (July to November, 2019). A total of 151 students from school of health technology Kano, Nigeria were recruited and the data was collected using a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed by the use of statistical software (SPSS version 20.0) and the results were presented in the form of figures and tables with frequencies and percentage. In addition, a statistical test of significance (x2 test) was applied to determine the significant associations between variables, p≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The mean age of study participants was 27.2±6.3 years and majority of them (64.2%) were between 20-25 years. More than nine-tenths (94.0%) of the respondents were Hausa/Fulani, and 32.5% of the respondents were SCHEW students. Little above half (53.6%) of the respondents were earning less than 11000 naira per month and 62.3% of the respondents sourced the information regarding drugs and substance abuse from their friends. All the respondents have seen cigarettes before and 57.6% have seen inhalants (such as glue, petrol etc). Regarding the reason for substance/drug abuse; about 68.9% stated that it’s an addiction and based to the factors enhancing drugs and substance abuse; 72.7% mentioned that it was due to peer pressure, and 72.2% mentioned unemployment. Based on societal factors that promotes drugs and substance abuse; more than three-fifths (64.9%) mentioned that it was reluctant attitude of people and 20.5% mentioned it was some cultural factors.Conclusions: The prevalence of drug and substance abuse was 18.5%. Nevertheless more than three-fifths of them had good level of knowledge regarding drug and substance abuse. The ethnicity of the respondents was found significantly associated with level of knowledge regarding drug and substance abuse. There is need for more focused attention by parents, teachers, government and general public on the problem of drug and substance use.
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Issoufou, Abdoul Aziz Elhadji Sanoussi, Habou Rabiou, Idrissa Soumana, Maman Kamal Abdou Habou, and Ali Mahamane. "Importance ethnobotanique de Leptadenia pyrotechnica (Forssk.) Decne. dans le département de Diffa au Niger." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 1 (April 3, 2020): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i1.9.
Full textAbstract:
En zone sahélienne où les ressources ligneuses sont relativement rares, l’espèce Leptadenia pyrotechnica joue un rôle très important dans la vie des populations locales. La présente étude dont l’objectif est de répertorier les connaissances locales sur les modes d’utilisation et de gestion des peuplements naturels par les populations locale de Leptadenia pyrotechnica a été conduite dans la région de Diffa. Des enquêtes ethnobotaniques ont été conduites au niveau de cinq villages. Il s’agit de: Issari; Guelborno Mounimari, Jalori, Joulou Kriyé et le marché de Digurdi. Dans l’ensemble des villages, un total de 150 personnes a été interviewé à travers des entretiens individuels. Les principales rubriques du questionnaire administré sont relatives aux principales utilisations et leur impact sur la ressource. Il ressort de l’étude que toutes les parties de Leptadenia pyrotechnica (feuilles; rameaux, tiges, racines, écorce et la sève) sont utilisées par les différents groupes ethniques et socioprofessionnels de la zone d’étude (Haoussa, Peulh et Kanouri). Cependant, la connaissance de l’importance et les différentes catégories d’utilisation dépendent d’un groupe à un autre. Les principales catégories d’utilisations dénombrées dans le cadre de la présente étude sont: l’utilisation comme bois énergie, fixation des dunes, fourrage et pharmacopée traditionnelle. La fixation des dunes et la transhumance s’avèrent être les principaux facteurs limitant la disponibilité de cette espèce. Pour une conservation durable de l’espèce, une norme de prélèvement de Leptadenia pyrotechnica doit être définie pour la fixation des dunes et la capacité de charge des formations à Leptadenia pyrotechnica doit être contrôlée vis-à-vis des transhumances.
© 2020 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.
Mots clés: Leptadenia pyrotechnica, utilisation, bois, sève, rameaux, racine
English Title: Ethnobotanical importance of Leptadenia pyrotechnica Forsk. in the department of Diffa in Niger
English Abstract
In the Sahelian zone where wood resources are relatively rare, the species Leptadenia pyrotechnica plays a very important role in the lives of local populations. The purpose of this study, which is to identify local knowledge on the use and management of natural stands by local populations of Leptadenia pyrotechnica, was conducted in Diffa region. Ethnobotanical surveys were conducted at five villages. These are: Issari; Guelborno Mounimari, Jalori, Joulou Kriyé and Digurdi market. In all the villages, a total of 150 people were interviewed through individual interviews. The main sections of the questionnaire administered relate to the main uses and their impact on the resource. The study shows that all parts of Leptadenia pyrotechnica (leaves, twigs, stems, roots, bark and sap) are used by the different ethnic and socio-occupational groups in the study area (Hausa, Fulani and Kanuri). However, knowledge of importance and the different categories of use depend on one group to another. The main categories of uses enumerated in this study are: wood energy use, dune fixation, fodder and traditional pharmacopoeia. The fixation of the dunes and the transhumance appear to be the main factors limiting the availability of this species. For a sustainable conservation of the species, a Leptadenia pyrotechnica sampling standard must be defined for the fixation of the dunes and the carrying capacity of Leptadenia pyrotechnica formations must be checked against transhumance.
© 2020 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Leptadenia pyrotechnica, use, wood, sap, twigs, root