Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Haute Couture'
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Павлюк, Анна В’ячеславівна. "Embellished clothing ornament in haute couture fashion." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2021. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18259.
Full textDaval, Pauline, and Alicia Fidalgo. "Leading Creative Organizations : A study of Haute-Couture." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-34726.
Full textZirkevych, V. I. "Haute couture in the age of fast fashion." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2018. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/11387.
Full textGaudyn, Weronika. "Study of Haute Couture Fashion Shows as Performance Art." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1543249777154531.
Full textAbdelmoula, Souhir. "Esthétique du patchwork et du collage dans la Haute Couture." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010669.
Full textMy thinking is based on emerging clothes in a post-modem society using the concepts of collage, assemblage, patchwork, installation, recovery, recycling and mixing of genres, eras, cultures, styles, materials, colors, shapes in fashion clothing. The purpose of my research is focused on the assembly of the new aesthetic modes of assembly and not stitched sewn and study of aesthetic upheavals generated by the integration of the art of patchwork and collage on track dress from mixing of materials borrowed from everyday life. It would invest the workings of an aesthetic reconstruction and deconstruction in collage works and see the new identity of the Haute Couture mixed that changed the traditional relationship between the creator, the work, techniques and cut and sewn
Hénin, Janine. "La Haute-Couture, un élèment du rayonnement mondial de Paris." Lille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL10197.
Full textBarreira, Ana Maria Peçanha. "La soie déchirée : la mode comme état d'esprit de la postmodernité." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H069.
Full textBy adopting a phenomenological approach to analyze the essence of fashion like a transitory process of incorporation, my work entitled "Torn silk. Essay on the Fashion as frame of mind of the postmodernity" shows how, on the basis of sociology of the day-to-day, we can release a network of senses by analyzing the various courses of social actors as varied as the Valentino, Balenciaga, Yves Saint Laurent, Jean-Paul Gaultier, John Galliano dressmakers, or the sciptwriter of Russian ballets Leon Bakst. From the set of themes of the mirror and its various reflective points, our study revisits the topics of Narcisse, the witches, the "femmes fatales" and the Russian Ballet in France to show the various modifications which the Fashion underwent and to try to seize its frame of mind. Various diagrams of comprehension of the new sociological and psychological values enable us to refine our approach and to delimit another delimitation as regards semiological analysis and phenomenology of the phenomenon of Fashion and anti-fashion
Božić, Denis S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "From haute couture to fast-fashion : evaluating social transparency in global apparel supply chains." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111237.
Full textThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 134-139).
After Rana Plaza collapsed on April 24, 2013, in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and killed more than 1,100 workers, the apparel industry fell under widely publicized scrutiny for its negligent social practices. With consumers and non-governmental organizations aware of these issues and creating public pressure on the industry, many companies are increasingly trying to institute transparency within their supply chains to become socially sustainable. However, transparency so far has not been clearly defined, which makes the process of evaluating transparency difficult and often unpractical. The main goal of this thesis is to establish a framework and methodology that can be used by consumers, brands, and regulatory bodies to define and evaluate social transparency in global supply chains. Building on previous research in this field, we first construct a framework that distinguishes external and internal transparency, after which we identify five factors that drive supply chain transparency. Adaptive survey is then designed and used to evaluate both external and internal transparency, while investigating the role of each factor in shaping supply chain transparency. Due to time constraints and data availability, this thesis focuses primarily on external transparency and two factors: legal and political complexity and supply chain communication. Our quantitative analysis shows that the degree of external transparency increases with the size of brands, which is influenced by legal acts that focus on supply chain transparency. Additionally, our qualitative analysis shows that information asymmetry and lack of standardized auditing system have a detrimental effect on external and, ultimately, internal transparency. We therefore argue that socially responsible national legal regimes and diffusion of technological innovations are necessary to increase the degree of social transparency in global supply chains.
by Denis Bozic.
S.M. in Technology and Policy
Palmer, Helen Alexandra. "The myth and reality of haute couture : consumption, social function and taste in Toronto, 1945 - 1963." Thesis, University of Brighton, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282868.
Full textAhlsén, Nils. "Erik de Magog och Johan av fotfolket : Haute couture och religiös propaganda i stål och sten." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Religionshistoria, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-352894.
Full textPamoukdjian, Jean-Pierre. "Le droit de la haute couture, du pret-a-porter et de la parfumerie de luxe." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010290.
Full textBalavoine, Isabelle. "L'évolution en longue période des maisons de haute couture : configurations d'acteurs et management de cultures multiples." Lille 1, 2005. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2005/50374-2005-16-1.pdf.
Full textLa thèse propose une modélisation des configurations d'acteurs clefs qui aboutit à deux champs de possibles a posteriori (au sens de BERGSON) en termes d'acteurs clefs et de configurations intra-entreprise rencontrés, assortis d'une certain nombre d'enseignements de nature à alimenter la créativité des décideurs confrontés à leur situation unique. La thèse ouvre la voie à la validité de la problématique comme point critique dans une approche nuancée des choix stratégiques. Les conclusions indiquent la nécessité de prolonger la recherche à l'élargissement des configurations dans et hors de l'entreprise et d'approfondir les questions de leur fonctionnement interne, de la succession des acteurs clefs et des conditions plurielles de la naissance, de la disparition et de la possible relance des maisons. La thèse montre l'intérêt d'une méthodologie qualitative non dogmatique, non discriminatoire, abductive et opportuniste qui intègre la subjectivité du chercheur, et au-delà celui d'aborder la stratégie et le management des organisations comme une science psychosociale qui considère l'humain comme une variable stratégique
Pamoukdjian, Jean-Pierre. "Le Droit de la haute couture du prêt-à-porter et de la parfumerie de luxe." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37600281r.
Full textMoreira, Cabral Kenia. "De la haute couture au fast fashion : regard sur la mode et ses paradigmes comme reflet de la postmodernité." Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05H006.
Full textFashion is a revealing indication of the behaviours changes in a given society. In this study, we offer a new theoretical context to these transformations in order to contribute to the theorization of the phenomenon. From Thomas Kuhn's notions of "paradigm" and "disciplinary matrix", from the comprehensive sociology approach and the postmodernity theories, our aim is to consider the fashion changes as revolutions. These ones, created by the fashion designers from the mid nineteenth century, then by the creators in the sixties, define the “stylistic matrix” of today’s fashion. It is composed of the haute couture, prêt-à-porter and fast fashion paradigms. The approach that we offer here sees each fashion paradigm as a reflection of its time. In other words, haute couture represents modernity while prêt-à-porter fashion draws our attention to a transition time. The last paradigm, imposing a new impulsion on the fashion changes, is tacked on to the matrix formed during the sixties. This one is the reflection of postmodernity
Hammen, Émilie. "La mode à l'épreuve de l'art : une historiographie des discours sur la mode en France : 1800-1930." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01H073.
Full textThis thesis seeks to renew the sources of the history of fashion through consideration, beyond the objects and images with which it is traditionally associated, of the discourses that have defined it. Observation over a longue durée, from the beginning of the 19th century up to the period between the two world wars, of the different discursive areas it has crossed, permits fashion to be seen in relation to a history of ideas in which bath the key players and the epistemological context vary. The major reorientations which emerge from this, though they may coincide fortuitously with the variation of silhouettes, attest even more importantly to changes in those who express them-they highlight who speaks for and what is said about fashion in a particular period. Three successive major moments can be distinguished: the first, determined by the post-revolutionary context, in which fashion falls into the domain of literary commentators, becoming a tool for social analysis. As seen from the perspective of manuals of etiquette and physiology, fashion is conceived as a way to behave, between imitation and distinction, whose dictates transcend the political instability of this first phase of the century. A turning point can then be discerned when France, a nation of inventors, asserts its industrial competitiveness: the "article of Paris" attests to the mercantilisation of the idea of fashion which can from then on be materially embodied as a commodity. Finally, while the question of novelty can be defined in the middle of the century in terms of the patents, awards, and the technical literature which validate it, the relation to the present moment which fashion so singularly embodies endows it with a certain quality for those wanting to depict modern life. It is thus this process of artification beginning as early as the second half of the 19th century, culminating in its dialogues with the avant-garde in the early 20th century whose different stages we have endeavored to reconstitute
Runervik, Julia. "Streamline Lady." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Technology and Design, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-964.
Full textProjektet är ett glasdesignprojekt där visionen var att ta fram en nyskapande belysningsarmatur för privat,
offentlig och exklusiv miljö.
Målet var att ta fram en nyskapande belysningsarmatur med avseende form, teknik och material med
möjlighet till rationell tillverkning. Syftet var att undersöka glasets möjligheter, begränsningar och uttryck genom en komplex form och specifika krav på utseende. Jag ville undersöka glasets möjligheter och
formbarhet. Hur mjukt och böljande går det att forma glaset? Kan glaset få samma mjukhet och svallande egenskaper som textil? Jag ville även undersöka hur ljuset påverkas av glasets form, tjocklek och färg.
I projektet har jag fått ta hänsyn till många olika parametrar så som tillverkningsteknik, ljuskälla, ljustyp, tekniska lösningar m.m. Jag har även fått kompromissa när det gäller form och storlek på mitt objekt p.g.a den korta tiden.
Objektet blåstes av Mikael Johansson i hyttan i Pukeberg.
This project is a glass design project with the vision to create a innovative armature for private, public and exclusive environment.
The goal was to create a innovative armature in meaning of form, technique and material with contingency of rational production. The aim was to examine the possiblities, limitations and expression of the glass through a complex form and specific demands of appearance. I wanted to examine the possibilities and formablity of the glass. How smooth and billow can the glass be formed? Can the glass get the same softness and billow
appearance as fabric? I also wanted to examine how light is affected by the shape, thickness and colour of the glass.
In these project I have had to take into concideration several parameters, like manufacturing techniques, light source, light type, technical solutions etc. I also have had to compromise concerning form and size of my object due to the short project time. The objects where blown by Mikael Johansson in the blowing room of Pukeberg.
Zhao, Yue. "Needle Pulling Thread : The Emergence, Diffusion, and Transformation of Ready-to-Wear Fashion in New York and Paris between the 1940s and the 1970s." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, Ecole supérieure des sciences économiques et commerciales, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ESEC0003/document.
Full textIn this dissertation, I study the emergence, diffusion, and transformation of ready-to-wear fashion in New York and Paris from the 1940s to the 1970s through three component papers. The comparative study in paper 1 reveals the origin, meaning, and complexity of ready-to-wear as a business innovation. Then in paper 2, I look into the complex diffusion and institutionalization process of ready-to-wear fashion in the haute couture system, focusing on the institutional context, key actors, and driving forces. Finally, in paper 3, I decompose the complex diffusion process into four stages and examine multiple actors and networks in each stage, addressing the interplay between networks and institutions. Taken together, these three papers enrich our understanding of complex diffusion, including its meanings and the underlying processes and mechanisms, from different angles. Paper 1 focuses on the complexity of ready-to-wear fashion itself. Paper 2 underlines the complexity from the institutional setting and the adaptation associated in the diffusion process. Paper 3 addresses the complexity from the evolution of networks and their interplay with institutions
Salmanova, K. "Coco Chanel: the women who changed the world of fashion." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2017. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8474.
Full textCosta, Maria Auxiliadora Leite. "Alta costura: origem e percurso na cultura da massificação." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2016. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/19539.
Full textMade available in DSpace on 2016-12-19T15:04:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Auxiliadora Leite Costa.pdf: 4391352 bytes, checksum: 8373d57a410924c768fbd543090d86b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-02
The study object of this dissertation is the couture phenomenon connected with photography’s mechanical reproduction. In this sense, it investigates the origins of couture origin while circumscribing it to Walter Benjamin’s definition of the aura concept. Also, it approaches the aura’s loss under the growing diffusion of fashion photography. Given these facts, the study develops the argument that couture built a structure based on the dialectics of distance and proximity, which are the foundations of the, and whose incidence occurred in two different ways: 1) in the material existence of the garment produced in this dialectics, in its uniqueness, rarity and, subsequently, authenticity, all linked to the know-how tradition and 2) in the perception of distance of the produced garment in the couture context. Conversely, the argument presents that the diffusion of fashion photography shattered the perception of distancing and, paradoxically, the need for the garment’s presence to form fashion and consumption trends, therefore removing the auratic character from couture and weakening its power. Aiming at circumscribing Benjamin’s concept of aura in the field of couture, this research conducted an immersion in Benjamin’s expansion of Marx’s method of historical materialism as well as its profound consequences in the concept of history itself, without which it would be impossible to acknowledge any circumscription. Besides, some fashion editorials have been selected for containing works of well-known professionals such as Tim Walker, Nick Knigth, Andrew Fee, and Koo Bohn Chang, in the sense of evaluating the possibility for fashion photography to stand as a legitimate form of expression and experimentation as well as photographic construction, thus overcoming what Benjamin called creativity fetishism, a mere artifice of photomontage. Last, this research aims at shedding light over this important media phenomenon: fashion
O objeto de estudo desta tese é o fenômeno da alta-costura em conexão com a reprodutibilidade técnica da fotografia. Neste sentido está voltado a uma investigação da origem da alta costura e de circunscrevê-la ao conceito de aura, conforme definição de Walter Benjamin, abordando também a sua perda sob a ação da crescente difusão da denominada fotografia de moda. Assim sendo foi desenvolvido o argumento de que a alta-costura formou uma estrutura calcada na dialética do distanciamento e proximidade, base da forma aura, cuja incidência se deu em duplo sentido: 1) na existência material do vestuário nela produzido, em seus aspectos de unicidade, raridade e, posteriormente, autenticidade, todos ligados à tradição do saber fazer e 2) na percepção do distanciamento deste vestuário produzido no âmbito da alta costura. No sentido inverso, argumenta-se que a difusão da fotografia de moda abalou tanto a percepção de distanciamento quanto, paradoxalmente, a necessidade da presença do próprio vestuário para formar as tendências de moda e consumo, retirando, portanto, o caráter aurático do vestuário da alta-costura e enfraquecendo o seu poder. Com o intuito de circunscrever o conceito benjaminiano de aura no campo da alta-costura, realizou-se uma imersão no alargamento operado por Benjamin no método do materialismo histórico de Marx e suas profundas consequências no próprio conceito de história, sem a qual seria impossível dar qualquer credibilidade a tal circunscrição. Além disso, alguns editoriais de moda foram selecionados a partir de trabalhos fotográficos de profissionais conhecidos pela forma inusitada de lidar com a fotografia de moda, assim fotógrafos como Tim Walker, Nick Knigth, Andrew Fee e Koo Bohn Chang foram escolhidos como parte do corpus a ser estudado, no sentido de avaliar a possibilidade de a fotografia de moda se constituir em legítima expressão de experimentação e construção fotográfica e, assim, superar aquilo que Benjamin chamou de fetiche da criatividade, um mero artificialismo de montagem fotográfica. Em última instância a pesquisa procura lançar luzes sobre este importante fenômeno midiático: a moda
Berner, Wik Tove. "Shiny Things : Decoration as tool and function whilst revaluating notions of good and bad taste." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-22073.
Full textBrachet, Champsaur Florence. "Créer c'est avoir vu le premier. Les Galeries Lafayette et la mode (1893-1969)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH069.
Full textThis thesis researches the role of Galeries Lafayette at the heart of the French fashion system. It re-evaluates the role of retail and department stores as value-creating intermediaries in the relationship between producer and consumer. Additionally, the research highlights the innovative capacity of a family business and shows that the introduction of new organizational methods in retail trade along the 20th century, imported and adapted from the United States, was as much present as in manufacturing enterprises. In the first part, the thesis looks at the foundation of the company, its competitors and its customers. To differentiate themselves, Galeries Lafayette manufactured and sold models inspired by those of the couturiers under the store private label. At the turn of the twentieth century, while fashion houses claimed a monopoly on trend setting, Galeries Lafayette introduced fashion in department store. This effective appropriation of fashion design built the legitimacy of the company as an intermediary, and posited the prescribing power of the brand in the fashion market. It also made Galeries Lafayette a player in the economy of counterfeiting, a major issue for the apparel industry in the inter-war period. The thesis shows, however, that various management regimes for design exist at Galeries Lafayette. In a second part, we analyze the investments of the company in the creative industries and in particular the cases of Chanel Perfumes as well as Madeleine Vionnet and Jean Patou fashion houses. In doing so, for the first time, the thesis analyzes the financing of fashion houses thus unbundling the study of the main actors in the fashion system. In a third part, the thesis studies competitive and market change from World War II onwards: the modernization of the clothing industry, the ready-to-wear revolution, and the emergence of new capitals of fashion besides Paris. The dismantling of the vertical integration in manufacturing, the opening of central purchasing to new suppliers, the pioneering establishment of in-house fashion forecasting office in the early 1950s induced a new organization and changes in the link between creators, designers, industrialists and customers for Galeries Lafayette
Kim, Menart Soo Young. "La Maison Martin Margiela (1988-2014)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA080063.
Full textThis thesis covers the evolution of the Maison Martin Margiela, from its foundation in 1988 by Martin Margiela, to a point in 2014, just before the arrival of the new creative director, John Galliano. The study aims to identify and explore indicative components of the House's creative universe, whilst calling into question received definitions of art and fashion, these two hitherto distinct and opposite poles. In the first part, we will focus on the history of the House, allowing us to grasp the context of its birth. The second part takes us right to the heart of creative approaches conceived by the House, across two types of practice - artisanal and industrial, leading us to question value judgments applied in terms both of originality and authenticity, whilst we examine how the premise of signatory authorship contrasts with that of collectivity, in this regard. Finally, we will analyse the overall relationship between artistry and aesthetics at the House, which goes far beyond the comparison of art with fashion, reaching into the complex rapports between haute couture and ready-to-wear, craft vs industry, singularity vs reproducibility, originality vs multiplicity, and creativity vs consumption, where we will note that the House has blurred the erstwhile boundaries drawn between the former categories. Thus, highlighting the above nodes will allow us to move toward refreshed and challenging definitions for the creations of the Maison Martin Margiela
Sousa, Sandra de Abreu. "Alta-costura e o objeto de luxo." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16519.
Full textEsta dissertação tem como titulo “Alta-Costura e o Objeto de Luxo, Estágio no Ateliê Storytailors”, pretendendo identificar e analisar a adaptação de conceitos de Alta-Costura à realidade de um ateliê português. O trabalho desenvolvido neste estágio levou a uma profunda aprendizagem e colaboração em vários projetos, quer em coleções, quer em encomendas de ateliê, como vestidos de noiva e de cerimonia, desde o seu início colaborando nas diversas fases dos respetivos projetos, onde foram acompanhadas todas as fases da criação e da construção das peças, desde a tirada de medidas do cliente até à criação de moldes, corte, montagem, provas (fitting) e acabamentos finais. Participou-se ainda no desenvolvimento das coleções na área de design, na criação de peças para desfile, sob o conceito de desperdício zero, aplicado no decorrer do estágio. As metodologias utilizadas neste estágio foram tanto de carater intervencionista, tendo a aluna participado nas áreas de design e de produção da empresa Storytailors, como não-intervencionista, no sentido da observação e do registo do trabalho desenvolvido pelos colaboradores da empresa. A aluna pretende demonstrar no exemplo do ateliê Storytailors, como elementos da Alta-Costura podem ser introduzidos no trabalho de um ateliê português. Além disto a aluna pôde verificar a importância da vertente prática desenvolvida no estágio, aplicando conhecimentos teóricos anteriormente adquiridos, em contexto profissional.
ABSTRACT: This dissertation has as title "Haute Couture and the Luxury Object, Internship at Atelier Storytailors", intending to identify and analyze the adaption of concepts of Haute Couture to the reality of a Portuguese atelier. The work developed in this internship led to a profound learning and collaboration in various projects in both collections and atelier orders such as wedding gowns and ceremonial garments, collaborating in several stages of the respective projects, accompanying all stages of the creation and construction of garments, from taking the client measures until pattern making, cutting, assembling, fitting and finishings. The intern participated in the development of collections in the design area, creating garments for fashion shows under the concept of zero waste, applied in the course of the internship. The methodologies used in this stage were both of interventionist character, the student participating in the areas of design and production of the company Storytailors, as non-interventionist, in the sense of the observation and registration of the work developed by the staff of the company. The student intends to demonstrate at the example of the atelier Storytailors, how elements of haute-couture can be introduced into the work of a Portuguese atelier. Also, the student could verify the importance of practice, applying during the internship, the previously acquired theoretical knowledge in a professional context.
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Joyeux, Hélène. "Un certain "esprit de collection" : les collectionneurs d'art français du monde de la mode (XXe-XXIe siècles)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01H040.
Full textSince the invention of haute couture at the end of the XIXth century until today, the fashion world has been one of the professional sectors where the collectors are the most numerous. This raises the question of whether there is a specific type of collectionnism among the fashion collectors, and if so, how is it structured and how has it evolved. If this is the first line of research chosen to analyze these relationships, it is certainly not the only one but it cannot be understood without addressing, more widely other forms of collaboration between all the peripheral creative actors in this field. Indeed, collectionism is part of the network of relationships between leading fashion designers, or leaders of luxury goods companies, artists, art dealers, gallery owners, journalists, critics, photographers and clients of both sectors, etc. To do so, we have chosen three examples of collectionism that have in common the fact that they have marked their era, contemporary fashion and the ‘spirit’ of collection: those of Jacques Doucet, the couple Pierre Bergé and Yves Saint Laurent and Bernard Arnault through the brand Louis Vuitton and the Louis Vuitton Foundation. This thesis proposes to analyze and explore collectionism from the point of view of the collector but also, to place these collections at the same time in their respective era, in their filiations, in the history of art and fashion history
Grosfilley, Anne. "Entre artisanat et industrie : l'aventure post-coloniale du paysage textile Ouest Africain." Montpellier 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON30003.
Full textZakharova, Larissa Viktorovna. "S'habiller à la soviétique : la mode sous Khrouchtchev : transferts, production, consommation." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://faraway.parisnanterre.fr/login?url=https://www.vlebooks.com/vleweb/product/openreader?id=UPN&accId=9224405&isbn=9782271073303&uid=^u.
Full textStudying fashion in USSR under Khrushchev helps to understand the impact of the political and economic situation on the Soviet society and everyday life. The compétition with the West has as a consequence the emergence of socialist fashion concept that aims to normalise the appearance of Soviet people through education of their taste. The reform aimed at satisfying needs in clothes confronts planned economy with the problem to find a balance between the offer and the demand, to take changes in fashion into account. The opening of the Soviet society to the West results in the emergence of official and informal channels of transfers of Western fashion to USSR. The diversity of tendencies in fashion and culture of shortages give a birth to various strategies of clothes acquisition. Consumer cultures formed of various combinations of the strategies reflect not only individual reactions to the situation, but also social stratification and cohesion
Bilhaut, Anne-Gaël. "Le réveil de l'immatériel : la production onirique du patrimoine des Indiens Zápara (Haute Amazonie)." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100172.
Full textThe Zapara Indians in the Upper Amazon are on the verge of disappearing from the linguistic map. This is a fact. And yet, their emergence within the political landscape in Ecuador (but not yet in Peru), has provided them with a greater international visibility as an indigenous group. Most unusually, the accounts of dreams become one of the key elements of new forms of identity practices and identification processes – as those narrated here by two Zapara political leaders will attest. In search of their material and immaterial heritage, these leaders make use of the realm of dreams, using occurred dreams to orient their choices in the reconstruction of a collective memory. The dream, as a tool for engaging in a regredient process or in the return into the past, provides the historical elements that the Indians will then re-inject into their present in order to construct new “traditions”. In this dissertation, I will be describing the mechanisms, the learning of, and the local theories concerning the experience of dreams. In order to be understood, the dream must first circulate, and must have an issuer as a point of departure. Dreaming is also the means for a privileged relationship between human and non- human beings. Throughout this thesis, various systems of memory will be examined based upon empirical data revealing of the dreamt experience, but also of daily life, such as new teaching methods, or the creation of artefacts, produced both by ancestors or contemporaries. These accounts will help us to understand this new process of “Zaparaisation”, which depends as much on a process of ethno-archiving than on ethno-museography, and which awakens the immaterial
Goloubinoff, Marina. "Relations sociales et commerce chez les indiens Nahuas du Balsas (Mexique)." Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100176.
Full textKatz, Esther. "Des racines dans la "Terre de la pluie" : identité, écologie et alimentation dans le haut pays mixtèque." Paris 10, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA100101.
Full textDedicated to the study of cultural identity in the Mixtec highlands of Southern Mexico, this thesis shows that the local peasants, whether considered "indians" or "hestizos", have maintained a common prehispanic heritage from which they draw their ability to change. Since the peasants define themselves as people "who work the land", their cultural identity is approached through the ethnoscientific and diachronic analysis of agroecological and alimentary systems. This approach goes beyond the peasant's ostensible self-deprecating discourses to understand the indigenous cosmovision, which is based upon the necessary alternation between a series of complementary poles: domesticated wild, hot cold, dry humid, life death, self-identity otherness. The study of plants, environmental spaces, agricultural and culinary instruments demonstrates that the categories of "Indian" and "mestizo" signify social status more than identity. Cultural identity, in fact, is based on kinship, community and land. It is not a static concept since the notion of alternation is constantly integrated in the indigenous way of thinking
Gélinas, Claude. "Les autochtones et la présence occidentale en Haute-Mauricie, Québec, 1760-1910." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0010/NQ39748.pdf.
Full textLecestre-Rollier, Béatrice. "Anthropologie d'un espace montagnard : les Ayt Bou-Guemez du Haut-Atlas Marocain." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H076.
Full textBouguemez precolonial times' society, perpetually moving, stretches out space wide in an extensive way. It takes its strength from its outstanding fitting ability : producing ways, spaces, custom law, groups are loose and all-purpose designed. Colonization deeply upset the space society bond. It withdrew the recourse to space which until then had relied on a nomadic type horizontal spreading trend. It enforced the ruling society rationality, based on an intensive regime in which space ownership derives from economical forces dedicated to production and capital output. Independent morocco did not break with the logics of colonial society which put the country on the ways of rooting, on cost of tribal society based moving. Today, the ayt bou-guemez themselves make their own the lessons of an over half-century lesting economic, social and political upsetting. They redirect their relation to space : an open, borderless and relatively uniform space is step by step replaced by specialized, enclosed, segregated places. This reorientation stands for a settling society, as well as for a growing integration in the national society
Estager, Sylvain. "Un objet géographique entre marginalité et territoire : la vigne en Haute-Saône." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10128/document.
Full textStatically, in Haute-Saône, vine growing in today a marginal culture. Nevertheless that region is full of vine prints like micro-parcels for hobby; front trellised vines, vine grower architecture or constructions, feasts, lieux-dits or local dictum in relationship with vine ... Taking ail those vine prints into consideration leads to believe that vine growing is not such a marginal culture. As a matter of fact, vine vestiges or sorne practices of everyday Iife remains to an important vine-producing past. Until the beginning of the XXè century, it used to take an important place in those countries. Vine producing economy's disappearing is often explained as a consequence of phylloxera. ln fact, it is necessary to examine dynamics that leads to a no longer valid production system. Vine growing turns away from commercial production to specialize in subsistence farming production. It is still an essential component of everyday life for those countries' inhabitants. As for as knowhow and practices which have reference to vine are full of remembrance, of things which have been lived through, and of an emotionallink, it enables to built a sort ofidentity for people of this area. At last, this object of study, even if it looks Iike marginal, opens on values of identity, remembrance and territory
Coumert, Magali. "Les récits d'origine des peuples dans le haut Moyen Age occidental (milieu VIe - milieu IXe siècle)." Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100133.
Full textThis work refutes the hypothesis of a core of ethnic traditions that could be read in the origin accounts written in the early middle ages. Instead of ethnic traditions, it shows how these accounts reflected antic ethnography. They took from its learned works the descriptions of the origin places they present, Troy, Scandia or Scythia, as the symbolic events that gradually allowed each people to settle down in the roman empire. Each origin account could be, and was, rewritten and changed to illustrate a new political context. They presented so a changing identity for each people, open to any modification for the present times
Ouhoud, Renoux François. "De l'outil à la prédation : technologie culturelle et ethno-écologie chez les Wayapi du Haut Oyapock (Guyane française)." Paris 10, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA100032.
Full textSamama, Yvonne. "Modèles urbains en milieu rural : place et statut des femmes dans un village berbère du Haut-Atlas marocain : le cas de Telouet." Paris 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA030094.
Full textThis research document is subdivided into 3 parts, each of which composes a volume. The first volume analyses literature on women in the maghreb (theme of domination) and also describes the village and retraces the history of telouet through the xx century and the relationship between the marocan deep south and to atlantic region at the high glaoui and the jewish era and their influence on the local collective consciousness since the decline of the glaoua empire and the exodus of the jewish population. The volume 2 treats the subject of status of women and looks at women's role, analising some classical topics such as "the mother and child", "the role of the women both in and outside the home" and "rituals and symbolisme". The last volume shows women from the region balancing tradition and change towards modernism, allowing them to preverve their autonomy and the way in which they renounce to their new makhzen rights (young girls forgoing their inevitance and their schooling). This volume shows us the village todays confronted with the new ideals propaganded through school, civils servants, emigrants and in the future, television
Dréan, Hervé. "L’environnement sonore en Haute-Bretagne (1880-1950) : l’exemple de la région de La Roche-Bernard." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20054/document.
Full textAt the end of the 19th century, the sonic environment of the region of La Roche-Bernard in Upper Brittany was affected by a period of important modifications which accompanied the decline of traditional rural society. A reconstitution of this disappearing environment is necessarily complex, partial and subjective with regard to the disparity of the available resources. This study, principally based on oral interviews supplemented by archive research, rather than establishing the exact relationships between sounds, opens up reflection around a possible categorization which principally considers their perception and emission, or more precisely their functions, usage and interpretations. In addition, the resulting classification takes into account the folklore or traditional character of the sounds studied. This manner of inventory, which is non exhaustive, does however reveal, on closer inspection, the periods of change where one type of sonic environment gives place to another. Lastly, a general chronology establishes possible links between the disappearance and the evolution of the sonic environment in the traditional rural society studied
Scheer, Catherine. "La réforme des gongs : dynamiques de christianisation chez les Bunong protestants des hautes terres du Cambodge." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0614.
Full textThe thesis explores the emergence and redefinition of a Protestant identity among the Bunong, a minority population in Cambodia's highlands. By about 2009, under the influence of a third wave of missionaries, a movement of "bunongization" was taking place among the highland Protestants. In one church in particular, it was provoking reactions ranging from enthusiasm to doubt and fear. In order to better understand the divergent positions of the highland Christians encountering this reform, this thesis examines how Protestant bunong identity developed starting with the first conversions in the 1970s. Analysis of the complex relationships between, one one hand, local worldviews and ritual practices and, on the other hand, missionary teachings that have changed over time, has revealed a paradoxical outcome: while the two earlier waves of evangelization led to an explicit rejection of numerous Bunong practices, the moral logic and social organization of Mondulkiri's protestants was left largely intact. But the teachings of the third missionary wave, though seemingly intended to be more respectful of indigenous culture, have challenged the Protestant Bunong's moral compass in a deeper way. This new missionary approach has thus accelerated the process of socio-cultural change, which is also strongly influenced by land tenure issues and by the expansion of the market economy into the highlands. At the same time, however, it allowed the Protestant Bunong to better formulate their claims to land rights as an "indigenous community"
Poisson-Gueffier, Jean-François. "La Cathédrale Rouge. Images de la mort dans le Haut livre du Graal." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCA105/document.
Full textThe main scholars always depicted the High Book of the Grail as a novel which borders on barbarism. The bursting of the frames of arthurian writing is significant in its most iconic episodes as well, which reveal a huge gap between "High Scripture" and a glorification of the materiality of beings. The novel seems based on a double postulation up and down, towards materiality and spirituality. The study of events and senefiances of death applies to grasp the writing of in-between, while emphasizing the study of two major elements: the inherent visual dimension to the representation of death and methods of its own writing which sketches the outlines of a "funeral writing." Visual paradigm relays the evocative power of the dead narrated while that fateful dominant narrative seems to be one of the most efficient guarantee of the unit of a work whose structure is relevent to illusion or arcana. The hermeneutic thought process of this study considers at first the vocabulary of death, before addressing the circumstances of the "instant mortel", the two spiritual and temporal sides of death, the always powerful unity of the living and the dead. After some stylistic considerations, as well as rhetorical, historical and anthropological ones, the last chapters move to the field of poetics, in a world where death appears fundamentally ubiquitous
Veillon, Charlène. "Mythes personnels et mythes pluriels dans l'oeuvre de Kimiko Yoshida : une esthétique de l'entre-deux, 1995-2012." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010510.
Full textThe work of Kimiko Yoshida (born on June 23rd, 1963, in Japan and living in France since 1995), mainly based on photography, is founded on the creation of « myths ». This study is about searching, defining and analysing the « functions » of Kimiko Yoshida's self-portraits. The « myths of the Photographer », at the origins of her work's functions - aiming. amongst others, to « inform, represent, surprise, signify, create desire» according to Roland Barthes' Camera Lucida - are rooted in the society, the culture and the time the artist belongs to, and as a consequence also in the singularity of his/her personality, experience, and intimate story. Thus, the general title of this study brings forwards a research of « personal and plural myths in Kimiko Yoshida's work of art», whose topic of the « in-between » is the main aesthetic position, the artist and her work situated between Japan and the West between representation and abstraction, between reality and fiction, between quotation and transgression. The fictional speech through and in the image undergoes several transformations which make up the four founding lines of this thesis, that is to say the distinctive in-between of the « conceptual character » defined by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari in Whut is Philosophy ) applied to Kirniko Yoshida's name : the study of a geographical and cultural in-between defining a singular artistic « syncretism » : the illustrations of the several perceptible space-time dimensions in Kimiko Yoshida's work, notably through the games/aims of the images' colours : and the questioning about the subject in the image, between trace and absence
Martin, Nastassja. "Les âmes sauvages : Gwich'in, occident, environnement : rencontre des mondes en subarctique (Haut Yukon, Alaska)." Paris, EHESS, 2014. https://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://www.cairn.info/les-ames-sauvages--9782707189578.htm.
Full textThe triangular organizational design of the thesis juxtaposes Gwich'in (Native athapaskan hunter-gatherers), non-natives Alaskans, and the Western Subarctic biophysical environment. Succinctly, the work addresses relations Gwich'in and non-natives contract with each other and with Alaskan landscapes as sites of environmental change, crisis, and conflict. The work examines collisions between Western "naturalist" and Athapaskan "animist" ontologies, and between their respective correlative domains of ecological practice: non-native energy extraction and wilderness preservation and Gwich'in foraging-based subsistence. Famously contrastive with re'spect to the character and value accorded to the nonhuman, the two ontologies each here also exhibit internal complexities. Naturalsim divides agonistically between resource exploitation and preservationist environmentalism. Gwich'in animism, for its part, coincides neither with popular images of "natuire" religion nor with some animisms known to anthropology, exhibiting its own internal paradoxes and distinctive properties
Tran, Nicolas. "Les collegiati dans la société de l'Occident romain (Italie, Gaules, Germanies) : le rang social des membres d'associations sous le Haut-Empire." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040286.
Full textFrom the first century A. D. To the middle of the third one, in the Roman West, social status was often determined by membership in a professional, cultual or funerary collegium. This dissertation investigates both statutes of members of private collegia within their communities, and within their society's hierarchical system. It shows that belonging to professional collegia created a sentiment of respectability, and that it allowed some of its members to gain much social prestige. Collegia's role in civic life largely explains why it gave such an opportunity to gain respectability and prestige. Indeed, a certain rank in the city was associated with membership in a collegium. But for collegiati, the collegia was just one among many other entities in which they participated, so that individuals' participation in it did not fully determined the social position they could access : this last one was most surely determined by individuals' social networks and multiple collective identities. Therefore, although being a collegiatus was a sign of distinction, the social existence of such members cannot be reduced to this characterization : belonging to a collegia opened access to a special status, but members of collegia could be of very different social backgrounds. Moreover, collegiati's social rank was not an objective fact : it was the focus of a body of discourses, with omissions and exaggerations, that gathered some aspects of social reality altogether with metaphors and fantasies. Collegiati's self-presentation are often narratives of social success : their social backgrounds and identities are mobile, but in very different ways
Wilsdorf, Odile. "Le terrier de l'évêché de Langres, 1334 : étude de document, édition partielle." Nancy 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN21036.
Full textPellas, Frédéric. "Misère et charité : une économie de l'assistance dans les diocèses d'Embrun et de Gap de 1600 à 1800." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALH015.
Full textThis work examines the processes of poverty, charity and assistance in the dioceses of Embrun and Gap from 1600 to 1798 along three axes. The first focuses on the forms of poverty, i.e. those relating to the territory, individuals and the community. The categories of the poor are divided into those who had a home, beggars and nationals from Italian states, with particular attention being paid to their forms of mobility. The financial aspects related to poverty are the payment of capitation, professions and work. The second axis is devoted to the study of relief structures; the evolution of those in the urban environment was the most important because they were able to rely on both economic fabrics and socio-professional networks. From the second half of the 17th century onwards, royal directives established general hospitals, which tended to differ from the structures in rural areas; in the latter, civil structures and religiously inspired structures constituted two different and complementary categories. The third axis took into account the challenges posed by marginal populations, i.e. Protestants and mobile populations. The denominational issue was centred around the confessionalization of charity until 1685, and then the confessionalization of assistance after that date. The territory was also a constant preoccupation of the representatives of the royal power towards beggars, vagrants, pilgrims and gypsies. Finally, this work ends with a reflection on the changes and permanence of forms of charity in the Hautes-Alpes department from 1789 onwards, as institutional forms replaced the civil or ecclesiastical initiatives of the Ancien Régime. The fight against begging and vagrancy was replaced by the law of 1791, which associated vagrancy and banditry, however the introduction of the passport illustrates the predominant place that the territory continued to occupy in Haut-Dauphiné at the end of the 18th century
Andlauer, Jeanne. "Modeler des corps : reliquaires, canivets et figures de cire des religieuses chrétiennes." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0114.
Full textMontagnani, Tommaso. "Je suis Otsitsi : musiques rituelles et représentations sonores chez les Kuikuro du Haut-Xingu." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0462.
Full textKikuro people play many music genres: in this dissertation we analyse Kagutu flute music, Tolo female songs, Takwara clarinet and Atanga flute music. We aim to show how social relations are reproduced in musical structures. Women sing a repertoire of songs sharing some of its melodies with Kagutu flute repertoire. This dissertation demonstrates that musical variation is a form of feminine assertiveness. Another proof of the representative power of Kuikuro music concerns the spirit called Itseke. Kagutu flute music belongs to Itseke and the flute can pronounce the name of the spirit owner of the piece of music, turning sensible the spirit's presence. The apprenticeship of music is describes in one of the main chapters. Language plays an important role in learning, since instrumental music is memorized by means of a sequence of syllabes. The spirit's names "sung" by the flutes also are an important mnemonic tool
Allard, Anne-Charlotte. "Rôles et impacts des activités missionnaires auprès des communautés autochtones de la haute Cordillère péruvienne, XXème et XXIème siècles." Thesis, Limoges, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIMO0008/document.
Full textBased on an ethnographic study of three Quechua speaking villages in the Southern part of the Peruvian highlands, our research seeks to show the diverse roles the missionaries who visit or live in the field assume, and the different impacts caused by their presence and their activities. In the life of these communities, some cultural and social elements are said to be traditional, i.e. not linked to modern culture, like animism, Catholicism, syncretism, manual work, animal breeding, agriculture. By making comparisons between villages that do not have missionary presence, others who do receive missionary visits and those with permanent missions, we identify the religious and social changes that are produced by missionary works. The communities’ geographical and linguistic isolation, their social, cultural and religious characteristics, as well as their inhospitable physical environment make them an uncommon missionary destination. Consequently, religious individuals and groups who evangelize must face many difficulties with few resources. However, with the growing spread of road networks, those villages open up more and more to the cities. Hence the highland communities’ religious landscape changes by welcoming more and more different Churches. Globalization then reaches the high Andes little by little and the development of missionary work is not the only cause to the sociocultural evolutions one can observe in the villages. Tourism and N.G.O. intervention leads to changes, and each Church accompanies and/or deals with them along with the people, readjusting their methods of evangelization on a regular basis. The presence of the diverse religious entities opens a new way of relating to the outside world
Amahan, Ali. "Ghoudjama : changements et permanence (du début du siècle à nos jours)." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05H091.
Full textThis work deals with changes in a tribe of the Moroccan high atlas. Social structures only allow changes in the field of the techniques and consumer produces. Changes in the field of means and methods of production are slight. Even some institutions introduced since three decades like school, have been controled and managed by social communal structures. The resistance of local institutions to every reform enforced by central power (Mahzen-State), is a secular tradition that modernity couldn't, till now, garble
Mureau, Cyprien. "Consommation et exploitation des ressources animales en Auvergne et en Languedoc de l’Antiquité tardive au haut Moyen Âge." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCH019.
Full textThis research takes stock of archaeozoological investigations to this day in Auvergne and Languedoc (France), two regions still lacking a synthetic account of available material of the transition between Antiquity and the Middle Ages. It relies on analysis of 155 000 fauna remains recovered mainly from 39 rural sites dated from the 4th to 8th centuries AD. The faunal material has been split in 460 groups, called chrono-stratigraphic samples. They serve as a foundation for the estimate of each species’ status, dietary habits and waste management. These case studies have provided evidence for a synthetic theory of the production and consumption of animal resources, the better to understand how rural communities of the time and localities cared for their livestock.The synthesis begins with a osteometrical analysis of domestic animals, shedding further light on the acknowledged but poorly-documented phenomenon of progressive size decrease in bovines, caprines and pigs. Further studies help single out unique local swine forms between the Languedoc and Auvergne regions, along with two asinine forms which indicate the incoming and predominance of a small shape during the Late Antiquity in southern France. The wide range of canine bones dimensions give information about a wide variety of shapes in domestic dog, while the wide size range of feline bones equates to the joint presence of domestic cats, wild cats and Iberian lynxes. Bone study then focused on identifying origins and function in order to classify avenues and methods of release from animal waste. A variety of practices for butchering, cooking and consuming the flesh, was thereby uncovered through a taxonomic and anatomical classification, providing grounds for a diachronic and interregional analysis of meat diets and pastoral practices in the area under study.Despite localised variations, animal husbandry and trade of animal goods seems to have undergone coherent, regional change across the area under study, with a notable increase in caprine populations throughout the Late Antiquity followed by a renewed rise in bovines and a progressively higher average age for herd animals as exploitation and trade of flat oysters ceased. These are but a few examples of a constant evolution of the methods and practices for exploitation of animal resources, an evolution which would suggest that progression toward a medieval model was far from linear but rather underwent oscillating cycles, testifying to the vitality and adaptive qualities of rural populations
Manriquez, Viviana. "La construction et l'entretien des mémoires et de l'histoire sociale et collective à Caspana (Hauts Plateaux du désert d'Atacama, Nord du Chili)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0021.
Full textThe inhabitants (indigenous peasants) of the andean village of Caspana (Chile), located at 3200 masl in the Atacama Desert’s high canyons of the Loa River, have long established an organic relationship with their "traditions" and customs, as well as with catholic festivities and rites. This implies a constant deployment of material and symbolic efforts (social, economic, political and ritual) that put into play the necessary reciprocity between people and the power and potency of the sacralized elements of nature, the cosmos, and above all, the ancestors who lavish them with fertility, which enables the propagation of life in all its expressions. This directly alludes to humanity’s power to transform nature, and its interdependent relationship. At the same time, they are the foundation and support of Caspana’s memory and history. Therefore, this thesis established its "point of view" in the memory and social and collective history of this complex physical, social and ritual space, analyzing its socio-cultural dynamics based on long term ethnographic work and from an interdisciplinary approach: anthropological, historical, ethno historical and micro historical.The aforementioned allowed to investigate the conceptualization that the Caspaneños have of time-space and the socially and collectively constructed past that is expressed in all spheres of social life: in individual, family and collective memory, as well as in the construction of a history and a canonical discourse about it. In turn, these memory and history are anchored in the landscape, in certain events, myths and the ritual and performance language. This work also analyzes and reflects on the devices or manner of creation, transmission, expression, transformation and validation of memory and history in different historical contexts, as well as the processes of mutation and forgetting that manifest in the everyday and in the ritual through orality, the use and reuse of performatic ceremonies and rituals, their inscription in the territory and time, and the writing and audiovisual work. Finally, he explores the intimate relationship between memory, history and the cult of death and the ancestors, as well as its power and relationship with the sacred, the reproduction of life and social organization. The Caspaneños symbolize the aforementioned as a material and metaphorical journey to a common social, historical and symbolic origin in which everyday times and rituals are a fundamental part of the order of time associated with cosmic cycles
En la localidad andina de Caspana (Chile), ubicada a 3200 msnm, en las quebradas altas del río Loa, del Desierto de Atacama, sus habitantes (campesinos-indígenas) han establecido desde larga data una relación orgánica con sus “tradiciones” y costumbres, por un lado, y con las fiestas y ritos católicos, por el otro. Esta relación implica un despliegue constante de esfuerzos materiales y simbólicos (sociales, económicos, políticos y rituales) que ponen en juego y nutren la reciprocidad necesaria de los hombres con el poder y la potencia de los elementos sacralizados de la naturaleza, del cosmos y, sobre todo, de los ancestros. Estas fuerzas prodigan la fertilidad y posibilitan la reproducción de la vida en todas sus expresiones, aludiendo directamente al poder transformador de la humanidad en la naturaleza y su relación de interdependencia. Constituyen el fundamento y el soporte de las memorias y la historia caspaneña. En este contexto, esta tesis estableció el “punto de mira” en las memorias y la historia social y colectiva de este espacio físico, social y ritual altamente complejo. El punto de partida fue el análisis de sus dinámicas socioculturales, a partir de un trabajo etnográfico de long cours, desde un enfoque interdisciplinario: antropológico, histórico, etnohistórico y microhistórico.Esta investigación permitió indagar sobre la conceptualización que los caspaneños tienen del tiempo-espacio y del pasado socialmente y colectivamente construido que se expresa en todas las esferas de la vida social: en las memorias individuales, familiares y colectivas, así como en la construcción de una historia y un discurso canónico. De esta forma, las memorias y la historia se anclan en el paisaje, en ciertos acontecimientos, en los mitos y en el lenguaje ritual y performático.Este trabajo también analiza y reflexiona sobre los dispositivos, modos de creación, transmisión, expresión, transformación y validación de las memorias y la historia en distintos contextos históricos, así como en sus procesos de mutación y de olvido que se enuncian en lo cotidiano y en lo ritual a través de la oralidad, de la utilización y reutilización de la performática de las ceremonias y rituales, de su inscripción en el territorio y en el tiempo y de la escritura y el audiovisual.Finalmente, esta tesis explora la relación íntima entre memoria, historia y el culto a la muerte y a los ancestros, así como su poder y su relación con lo sagrado, la reproducción de la vida y la organización social. Lo anterior es simbolizado por los caspaneños como un viaje material y metafórico a un origen social, histórico y simbólico común. Dentro de este origen, los tiempos y espacios cotidianos y rituales son parte fundamental del orden del tiempo que se asocia a los ciclos cósmicos
Vouma, Ngnongui Roselie-Hermelinda. "Histoire du peuplement Ambaama et étude des savoirs locaux de gestion de l’environnement (fin XVIIIe-milieu XXe siècle)." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BOR30024.
Full textThis thesis entitled « Story of the Ambaama settlement and study of local knowledge of environnemental management » aims to carry out a historical study of local knowledge to manage the environment in Ambaama community. It studies the context in which this knowledge was produced and put into the modes of organisation and functioning of that society. First of all, it aims above all to show how this knowledge plays an important role in the protection of the environment and natural resources. Then, it plans to study the socio-cultural dynamics that make this knowledge valid. In this way, we want to highlight the potential changes that have occurred when Europeans established contacts with the Ambaama. Next, we are going to see how the Ambaama reacted to the establishment of the colonial regulatory system in order to maintain the balance of their social organisation. In other words, we want to show the new colonial policies, in terms of management and protection of forest resources were imposed, with unraveling endogenous systems. This study is located at the crossroads of cultural and environmental history, techniques, ideas and even anthropology, particularly religious. Our thesis is based on two types of complementary sources. On the one band, we have European written sources including travelers' accounts from the 19th century and archival documents. On the other hand, there are oral sources collected during our surveys carried out in Gabon (in Haut-Ogooue and in some villages located between Makokou and Okondja)