Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Hauts plateaux'
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Mesplé, Raymond. "Les hymnologies protestantes de Tahiti et des Hauts plateaux malgaches." Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00469452.
Full textTchawa, Paul. "Dynamique des paysages sur la retombée méridionale des hauts plateaux de l'Ouest-Cameroun." Bordeaux 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR30013.
Full textIf we consider natural conditions as well as human influences, the landscape of the southern part of the bamileke plateau seems to evaluate more rapidly than elsewhere in the region. This situation is linked to intense tectonic manifestations associated to a complex and polygenic volcanism. In the other hand, the climates of our region seems to be more agressive than those of the nothern sectors of the western highlands while the escarpements exposed at south west monsoon influences sometimes receive more than 3 800 m of rain per year, slopes of the eastern part of our region record less than 1 550 m of water annually. These climatic oppositions are exagerated by topographic contrasts. Therefore, with recent human intervention in natural processes, that situation created many landscape units. Nevertheless, human activities appears like the major factor of the nowadays accelerated erosion. The most affected sectors are located on the escarpements recently deforestated and on the slopes on which overgrazing is important. In the whole western highlands of cameroon, it becomes clear that the study of the landscape evolution must absolutely consider an analysis of man space relations including socio-economic, political and landlaw aspects. Besides, those variables can't be neglected when one wants to overcome accelerated erosion induce by overcultivation, overgrazing or deforestation. This suggests as last the importance of peasant's point of view in every nowadays development projet
Yammine, Habib. "Les hommes des tribus et leur musique : (Hauts-plateaux yéménites, vallée d’al-Ahjur)." Paris 10, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA100042.
Full textRasamoelina, Andriamanivo Harentsoaniaina. "Diffusion des pestes aviaires dans les petits élevages familiaux des hauts plateaux malgaches." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20131/document.
Full textNewcastle disease (ND) and avian influenza (AI) are major poultry viral diseases. Poultry production in Madagascar is dominated by smallholder family system. Several risk factors for both diseases described in the literature are present in Madagascar: The objectives of this thesis were to determine the risk factors associated with transmission of AI and ND viruses; evaluate the intensity of their transmission and their clinical incidence; study the role of poultry trade network in their spread and suggest surveillance adapted to local conditions.Study sites were: Antananarivo and its surrounding and the Lake Alaotra. An exploratory study of risk factors was carried out. Passive surveillance and participatory surveys were combined to assess the incidence and clinical impact of AI and ND. The role of poultry-trade network was assessed using social network analysis methods. Higher circulating level for both viruses was observed in Lake Alaotra which is characterized by large paddy fields and surface water, and a high density of domestic waterfowl. At the farm level, backyard chicken and chicken farms with some biosecurity awareness were associated with higher risk of ND in Antananarivo. Risk factors associated with them were lack of biosecurity measures and contact with many markets for the former, and a high density of poultry, high exposition to the visits of animal health workers, egg collectors and multiple interactions with other poultry stakeholders for the second. There was no evidence of HPAI circulation The major infection was ND with an overall mortality rate of 44%, within observed outbreaks. The role of poultry trade in the spread of these viruses was confirmed. Villages with the highest commercial connections were the most exposed to ND. They were also super-spreaders of these viruses. The relevance of the specific combination of several methods of surveillance was discussed to improve their sensitivity, practical implementation, and effectiveness
Barry, Laurent. "La parenté recomposée : figures Peul de l'alliance sur les hauts plateaux de l'Adamaoua (nord Cameroun)." Paris 10, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA100156.
Full textIn his dissertation, laurent s. Barry intends to reexamine, using new methodologies, the problem that "arab marriage" poses to anthropological theories on kinship and to the theory of marriage versus descent groups. Numerous studies done in the past which have foreseen this issue, have in fact generally obscured the investigation of practices in actual marriages and have concentrated only on analysing local views which give importance to marriage within the nearest agnatic line. The few works which nevertheless manifested a certain interest on the empirical aspect of marriage did not do more than "count" the unions between close relatives (i. E. , between first cousins). The author's study led to a development of a representative corpus listing almost 3,400 marriages from a sampling of 5,000 persons (all generations included). These data were gathered from different fulbe communities of the adamawa highlands (northern cameroon, republic of central africa), comprising "nomadic" groups (wodaabe, aku and jafun called mbororoen) and those which belong to lineage of sheepherding and land-tilling settled nomads (called foulbe). These are societies which share the same matrimonial system while practising considerably different systems of social organization. After examining these data, laurent s. Barry then confronts two domains of facts : the normative views which organize conceptions about and representations of affinity and practices in actual marriages. This analysis, for which the author developed a specific software called genos to process genealogical trees, is therefore concerned not only about the consideration of the "types" of preferred unions but especially about the way they fit into the logical whole of all marriage effected in preceding generations. These two combined are what laurent s. Barry calls "affinity complex"
Ndongo, Mapoke Bernadette-Nicole. "Genre, empowerment, développement, le cas des entrepreneures agricoles de la zone des Hauts-Plateaux du Cameroun." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ52252.pdf.
Full textDereje, Ayalew. "Pétrologie et géochimie des ignimbrites des hauts plateaux éthiopiens : source, chronologie et impact environnmental[i.e. environnemental]." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPL073N.
Full textNGUYEN, VAN HUY. "Les politiques d'intégration des montagnards des hauts plateaux du centre du Vietnam (des origines à 1958)." Paris 7, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA070131.
Full textLiving in a strategic area, the vietnamese central highlanders (or montagnards) have to face the different policies ruling them. Their relations with regional powers have hardly changed from the a. D. To the beginning of the twentieth century. It is then that they did not have any other alternative but to be submitted and vassals. Contacts with the western since the second half of the nineteenth century have radically changed their life-style. They stop living like "savages" and acknowledge france as their sole ruler. French policy toward this highland region was to protect these people against vietnamese infiltration and exploit new lands. Nevertheless, the french could not keep their supremacy in this area and since 1945 the vietminh league had been trying to control. Both parties haved been competing, offering them their autonomy and therefore creating an ethnonationalism awakening. This is the beginning of a new era: the montagnards directly took part in the french-vietnamese conflict with a view to getting this autonomy. In order to ruin the attempts to vietnam reunification back in 1946, a pmsi (populations montagnardes du sud indochinois) commissionner ship including all the southern indochinese hinterland province was created. The crown domain created in 1951 has not changed anything in the montagnard's life-style, the french were still ruling the area. After the french left for good in 1956, the montagnards organized themselves and claim for their autonomy. In the year 1958 started a hopeless struggle for the recognition of their rights
Bourahla, Allal. "Les sociétés agro-pastorales des Hauts-Plateaux algériens entre tradition et modernité : les coopératives et le développement." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE2027.
Full textThe aim of this research is to try to find out explanatious to obstacles that are endangering success to development. This questioning on the necessity to introduce in the steppe new techniques is justified by the difficulties of the achievement of sheep breeding which is still carried on traditionally. Authorities attributed difficulties to a crowd of reasons, the most important of which is the nomadic existence. Those think that only nomadic life is responsible for under-productivity of sheep-breeding and that its suppression alone allows traditional and pastoral society to be acquainted with modernism. The aim of this modernisation is to get a better production of ovine-meat, wool, and skin. It offers the cattle and its titular conditions of living sedentarily pastoral villages which are programmed as part of country planning will received nomadic shepherds regrouped in cooperatives. The villages are conceived for modern sheep-breeding, rejecting any traditional method which doesn't obey to rationality. The research carried out in Marhoum commune showed that nomadic shepherds showed refusal with regard to this innovation (technique). Therefore, refusal to accept the benefit of this innovation explains the check of this development operation
Lissoir, Marie-Pierre. "Le khap tai dam, catégorisation et modèles musicaux. Étude ethnomusicologique chez les Tai des hauts plateaux du Laos." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCA061.
Full textThis research studies the singing named khap of Tai Dam ethnic group in Laos, through the notion of musical model. Its main objective, approached with the concept of relevance, is the highlight of the competences linked to the singing, that is to say the abstract knowledge needed for the interpretation and the categorisation of the singing. The principle of musical model is the common theme of this research, and is the starting point of every chapter. Starting from musical considerations, the PhD highlights the mechanisms of musical transmission, the relationships between spoken and musical tones, as well as the different mechanisms of musical categorisation and identity categorisation. This work shows the interweaving of every of those aspects and the relevance of using different disciplines: musicology, anthropology and linguistic. The different lines of this work are approached with a perspective mobilising etic and emic perspectives and by the development of a methodology adapted to the specificities of the topic
Lissoir, Marie-Pierre. "Le khap tai dam, catégorisation et modèles musicaux. Etude ethnomusicologique chez les Tai des hauts plateaux du Laos." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/229388.
Full textThis research studies the singing named "khap" of Tai Dam ethnic group in Laos, through the notion of musical model. Its main objective, approached with the concept of relevance, is to highlight the competences linked to the singing, that is to say the abstract knowledge needed for the interpretation and the categorisation of "khap Tai Dam". The principle of musical model is the common theme of this research, and is the starting point of every chapter. Starting from musical considerations, this PhD highlights the mechanisms of musical transmission, the relationships between spoken and musical tones, as well as the different mechanisms of musical categorisation and identity categorisation. This work shows the interweaving of every of those aspects and the relevance of using different disciplines: musicology, anthropology and linguistic. The different lines of this work are approached with a perspective mobilizing etic and emic perspectives, and follow a methodology adapted to the specificities of the topic.
Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
TICHIT, MURIEL. "Cheptel multi-especes et strategies d'elevage en milieu aride analyse de viabilite des systemes pastoraux camelides-ovins sur les hauts plateaux boliviens." Paris, Institut national d'agronomie de Paris Grignon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INAP0040.
Full textManriquez, Viviana. "La construction et l'entretien des mémoires et de l'histoire sociale et collective à Caspana (Hauts Plateaux du désert d'Atacama, Nord du Chili)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0021.
Full textThe inhabitants (indigenous peasants) of the andean village of Caspana (Chile), located at 3200 masl in the Atacama Desert’s high canyons of the Loa River, have long established an organic relationship with their "traditions" and customs, as well as with catholic festivities and rites. This implies a constant deployment of material and symbolic efforts (social, economic, political and ritual) that put into play the necessary reciprocity between people and the power and potency of the sacralized elements of nature, the cosmos, and above all, the ancestors who lavish them with fertility, which enables the propagation of life in all its expressions. This directly alludes to humanity’s power to transform nature, and its interdependent relationship. At the same time, they are the foundation and support of Caspana’s memory and history. Therefore, this thesis established its "point of view" in the memory and social and collective history of this complex physical, social and ritual space, analyzing its socio-cultural dynamics based on long term ethnographic work and from an interdisciplinary approach: anthropological, historical, ethno historical and micro historical.The aforementioned allowed to investigate the conceptualization that the Caspaneños have of time-space and the socially and collectively constructed past that is expressed in all spheres of social life: in individual, family and collective memory, as well as in the construction of a history and a canonical discourse about it. In turn, these memory and history are anchored in the landscape, in certain events, myths and the ritual and performance language. This work also analyzes and reflects on the devices or manner of creation, transmission, expression, transformation and validation of memory and history in different historical contexts, as well as the processes of mutation and forgetting that manifest in the everyday and in the ritual through orality, the use and reuse of performatic ceremonies and rituals, their inscription in the territory and time, and the writing and audiovisual work. Finally, he explores the intimate relationship between memory, history and the cult of death and the ancestors, as well as its power and relationship with the sacred, the reproduction of life and social organization. The Caspaneños symbolize the aforementioned as a material and metaphorical journey to a common social, historical and symbolic origin in which everyday times and rituals are a fundamental part of the order of time associated with cosmic cycles
En la localidad andina de Caspana (Chile), ubicada a 3200 msnm, en las quebradas altas del río Loa, del Desierto de Atacama, sus habitantes (campesinos-indígenas) han establecido desde larga data una relación orgánica con sus “tradiciones” y costumbres, por un lado, y con las fiestas y ritos católicos, por el otro. Esta relación implica un despliegue constante de esfuerzos materiales y simbólicos (sociales, económicos, políticos y rituales) que ponen en juego y nutren la reciprocidad necesaria de los hombres con el poder y la potencia de los elementos sacralizados de la naturaleza, del cosmos y, sobre todo, de los ancestros. Estas fuerzas prodigan la fertilidad y posibilitan la reproducción de la vida en todas sus expresiones, aludiendo directamente al poder transformador de la humanidad en la naturaleza y su relación de interdependencia. Constituyen el fundamento y el soporte de las memorias y la historia caspaneña. En este contexto, esta tesis estableció el “punto de mira” en las memorias y la historia social y colectiva de este espacio físico, social y ritual altamente complejo. El punto de partida fue el análisis de sus dinámicas socioculturales, a partir de un trabajo etnográfico de long cours, desde un enfoque interdisciplinario: antropológico, histórico, etnohistórico y microhistórico.Esta investigación permitió indagar sobre la conceptualización que los caspaneños tienen del tiempo-espacio y del pasado socialmente y colectivamente construido que se expresa en todas las esferas de la vida social: en las memorias individuales, familiares y colectivas, así como en la construcción de una historia y un discurso canónico. De esta forma, las memorias y la historia se anclan en el paisaje, en ciertos acontecimientos, en los mitos y en el lenguaje ritual y performático.Este trabajo también analiza y reflexiona sobre los dispositivos, modos de creación, transmisión, expresión, transformación y validación de las memorias y la historia en distintos contextos históricos, así como en sus procesos de mutación y de olvido que se enuncian en lo cotidiano y en lo ritual a través de la oralidad, de la utilización y reutilización de la performática de las ceremonias y rituales, de su inscripción en el territorio y en el tiempo y de la escritura y el audiovisual.Finalmente, esta tesis explora la relación íntima entre memoria, historia y el culto a la muerte y a los ancestros, así como su poder y su relación con lo sagrado, la reproducción de la vida y la organización social. Lo anterior es simbolizado por los caspaneños como un viaje material y metafórico a un origen social, histórico y simbólico común. Dentro de este origen, los tiempos y espacios cotidianos y rituales son parte fundamental del orden del tiempo que se asocia a los ciclos cósmicos
Pacaud, Pierre-Loïc. "Le Famadihana : rite, sacre et pouvoir dans un culte d'exhumation des morts familiaux, sur les hauts plateaux de Madagascar : interprétation et (re)construction psychanalytiques." Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA070030.
Full textThis psycho-analytic study define the familial worship of famadihana, as a ritual, and lean on the two topographical conceptions of freud, connected with the cultural, social and ritual context, from important notions among merina conceptions : 1) the tombs organisations seems as the principle of exchange beetween the living and the dead; 2) hasindrazana as agalma from ancestral principle constitue the foundation of symbolic exchange; 3) tsiny or consciousness anxiety as communities authority to organize the worship. My construction begin with a tabula rasa of the previous interpretations of ritual, then build from ambivalence and psychical conflict released from ethnography and latents contents and sens of ritual, and since their divergent fate. From animist and projective actualization of ambivalential conflict, and at the divergent fates communicate respectively some typical censorships : repression and disavowal. The discovery of + historical truth ; of rite make progress by an analysis of context contents and their relationship into wich one the worship repete the myth (missing like such as). Hasindrazana is analysed from the ancient rite of fandroana and correspond to the native core of power, his appropriation process remind the myth, and the rites represent the process in situ, like a substitute of carrying cut of wish. The initial wish of ancestor to realize the rite, is a matter for animist omnipotent power : power of constrained on the living; the call of ancestors is the anxiety cry of the community; kabary is released as a representation of collective murder and apropriation of omnipotent power, in the same time that the brothers communitie give up to it, by guilt. The ritual action represente the hatred satisfayed and victory of love in analogy with mania/melancholy fluctuations, but in accordance with psychical process similar to obsessional neurosis. A connection is made beetween successive ritual actions who repete the supplanting murderess of omnipotent and the attempt of reconciliation with the omnipotent deposed and consacrated
Phan, Viet Ha. "Les conflits fonciers dans le contexte de la transition agraire aux Hauts Plateaux du centre Vietnam : le cas de la province du Dak Lak." Toulouse 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU20064.
Full textThis thesis tries to give a proper typology of land conflicts considered as very sensible topic in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. The province of Dak Lak is chosen as for a case study. The land conflicts are divided in four main types in which there are 20 different under-types by their causes. These land conflicts are analyzed in the agrarian transition context in Vietnam thanks to the politics of Đổi Mới in 1986. The analyses of land conflicts concentrate on their natures, their periods of crisis, their actors and their types of land-use. Then, the causes of conflicts are put in relation with the four windows of the agrarian transition in Vietnam: the integration to the economy of market, the intensification and agricultural expansion, the growth of mobility of the populations and finally the intensification of the legislations. The results show a lot of reciprocal relations between the fundamental conflicts and the elements of the agrarian transition in the Central Highlands of the Vietnam
Alvarez, Stéphanie. "Pratiques de gestion de la biomasse au sein des exploitations familiales d’agriculture-élevage des hauts plateaux de Madagascar : conséquences sur la durabilité des systèmes." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NSAM0034.
Full textMixed crop-livestock systems constitute the backbone of agriculture in developing countries. In highlands of Madagascar, crop–livestock systems are based on rice and cattle. Cattle play a major role in the economy and the social recognition of these smallholder farms. Smallholder farms used to face with low crop productivity related to soil fertility degradation and to low access to inputs. In this context, smallholders have to manage plant resources in order to find a trade-off between food, feed and soil returns. Some biomass management may increase soil fertility degradation and then compromise farms sustainability.The objective of this thesis is to show that the diversity of biomass management on smallholder crop–livestock systems of highlands of Madagascar determines the sustainability of farming systems in terms of soil fertility, nutrients recycling, incomes and food security. For this, it was necessary to: i) characterize the diversity of crop-livestock systems in the region of Vakinankaratra and understand how smallholder farms are managed; ii) study the effects of soil management on the soil variability; iii) assess the farms sustainability and explore improvements of feeding, manure management and fertilization.Four crop-livestock farms of the Vakinankaratra (selected with local experts) were surveyed using participant observation methodology. A typology of crop-livestock farms was performed. Topsoil samples were collected in all plots of the four cases studies. A nitrogen flows calculating tool was developed and has been associated with Network Analysis matrices to generate environmental, social and economic indicators. This tool was used to simulate improvements in feeding, manure management and fertilization.The typology identified six farm types of crop-livestock systems in the Vakinankaratra. The farms study revealed a great diversity of animal feeding practices, manure management and fertilization. Heterogeneity of soil fertility induced by farmer management was shown. For the four case studies, improved feeding practices on dairy combined with improved manure management have increased environmental (farm nitrogen efficiency, nitrogen recycling, soil nitrogen balance), economic (agricultural gross margin) and social (food self-sufficiency) sustainability.This study characterized the diversity of crop-livestock farms of the Vakinankaratra, the diversity of practices and their effects on soil fertility. It proved to be an interesting approach to explore options for improving sustainability of crop-livestock farms in context of data scarcity
Rishirumuhirwa, Théodomir. "Rôle du bananier dans le fonctionnement des exploitations agricoles sur les hauts plateaux de l'Afrique orientale : (application au cas de la région du Kirimiro-Burundi) /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1997. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=1636.
Full textNizésété, Bienvenu Denis. "Les hommes et le bois dans les hauts plateaux de l'Ouest-Cameroun : des éléments pour l'archéologie, l'histoire et la technologie du bois dans les Grassfields." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010616.
Full textMy research work is based on the paleo-environment, the history of the techniques and rural history in western Cameroon. My thesis consisted of a specialized study of ancient types of wood used by artists and craftsmen, in order to make different objects such as; pillars in the construction of houses, masks, statues, drums, seats, thrones, bridges and various domestic and agricultural implements, for instance, the handles of tools. From the anatomical identification of approximately 450 selected pieces of wood, chosen from amongst different objects of art, i was surprised by the diversity and richness to be found with regard to the quality of the types of wood which had been selected and worked upon and i attempted to decipher the reasons for such a varied choice of woods. During the course of my investigation, I discovered that certain types of wood used in the past no longer formed part of the local vegetable kingdom. Based on information available in the fields of palynology and anthropology, I attempted to reconstitute the landscape from 25. 000 years B. P. Up until 10. 000 B. C. I subsequently tried to provide an explanation for the intensive deforestation of the region and to understand the impact on one type of wood in relation to a specific area of work
Hatem, Manar. "Mutation des paysages et évolution de la biodiversité en relation avec le pastoralisme depuis 150 ans : le cas de la réserve naturelle des hauts plateaux du Vercors (Alpes du Nord, France)." Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENHA01.
Full textThis thesis is a contribution to the study of relationships between landscape dynamics and land use changes in mountains of the French Alps. The functioning of the mosaic of forest ecosystems and grazing areas are of major concern for the nature reserve managers. The area which has been created in 1985 and offers a great variety of landscapes and is considered as hotspot for biodiversity. Human activities like grazing and forest harvesting have influence the structure and functioning of the landscapes for thousands of years. The northern part of the reserve is densely covered with forests while the eastern and southern parts consist of a mosaic of clearings, woodlands and pastures. Landspace ecology tools and cadastral survey have been used to follow up the evolution of the landscape over the past two centuries. The management of the area is driven by the fact that the actual major tendency is a closing of the landscape on the whole territory which has an impact on human activities like grazing practices. Because of the multiple actors that are involved in the management of the area, well balanced series of conservation measures are necessary like keeping the heterogeneity by maintaining unmanaged and managed areas. Locally, more intense management operations could be planned. Complementary studies and surveys are also necessary when considering that the area will be included in the network of sites of scientific interest. For the coming years, it will also help decision-making policies
Billard, Claire. "Le Vieux Dieu : vies et morts d'une divinité ignée sur les Hauts Plateaux mexicains : étude diachronique de l'iconographie et de la symbolique d'une entité pré-hispanique par une approche comparée des sources, ethnohistoriques et ethnographiques." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010614/document.
Full textThe Old God would probably be an igneous divinity, appeared since 9th century BC and which would have been already present in the Pantheon of the former Mexicans upon the arrival of the Spaniards. There, it would have adopted the names of Xiuhtecuhtli or Huehueteotl. The interest of this thesis is to undertake a diachronic study, through all the mexican Highlands, about this or these gods, to understand the evolutions and the interactions and finally to answer a main question : is there only one and the same divinity of fire since Middle Formative until the arrival of the Spaniards in 1521 ? The diachronic and multidisciplinary aspect of this work directs our approach and our methodology as the data of Late Postclassic will be analysed thanks to ethnohistorical and ethnographic information. The corpus of former times will be handled in a systematic way by a structural, technical, iconographical and finally symbolic approach
Nguyen, Dang Anh Minh. "Land Property, Land Politics : a History of the Bahnar in Kon Tum, Vietnam (1820-1945)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEP048.
Full textThis is a study of land politics in the Central Highlands of Vietnam in the colonial period. It argues that internecine wars among tribes from 1820 led the Bahnar people to lose land and territory to the neighbouring Jrai. From 1850, conversion to Christianity gave protection from the Jarai, but the missionaries occupied land. From 1898, the colonial state used legal and political tools means to occupy more land and deprive the Bahnar of land rights. Through their use of the occupied land, the missionaries and administrators reorganized the Bahnar’s territory. They used Việt migrants in their farming policy. But the migrants also had their own strategies to occupy the land. The thesis describes how religious, economic and politic interactions among these different interest groups created land politics in the highlands, arguing that for the Bahnar it resulted in the loss of land and then of political position
Pinto, Nolla María. "Recherches archéologiques dans le haut plateau de Bogota (Colombie) : le site Galindo." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010594.
Full textThe archaeological investigations of the pre-ceramic period on the high plain of cundinamarca and boyaca (colombia) have demonstrated that groups of hunters gatherers settled in this area in rock-shelters from 13000 b. P. Onwards. The excavation of Galindo, located on a natural terrace, allowed us to investigate the oldest open-air settlement of the preceramic period on the sabana de bogota. At this site, four successive periods of occupation can be distinguished, starting from 8745 b. P. The oldest two were of very short duration. Around 7735 the occupation of the terrace seems to be of a more stable character, but it was still seasonal. Towards 5000 b. P. The terrace was abandoned, to be resettled later by agriculturalists of the ceramic herreraperiod and more recent groups. The different occupants exploited the faunal resources that were typical of the area (deer, cavia and ducks). The lithic industry consists of one single technological system for the production of flakes and unifacial tools, without predetermination of the end-product. This technological tradition was used by the groups of hunters gatherers of the high plain from the beginnings of the pre-ceramic period until more recent times. It differs from another tradition found at some sites in colombia, where the stone toolkit consists of bifacials manufactured with predetermination
Pierre, Geneviève. "Les plateaux du sud est du Bassin parisien, entre PAC 92 et Agenda 2000 : les plateaux de Bourgogne, de Langres et du Barrois de la Haute-Marne." Paris 10, 2001. http://books.openedition.org/psorbonne/32128.
Full textThe plateaus of Burgundy, Langres, Barrois, in the south-eastern part of "bassin parisien", belong to the cash grain farming areas that have been the most concerned by the reform of CAP 92. Their type of development, set up since the 50's/60's, has favoured a large consumption of soil and the increase of productivity, in France, in a transition area, that has been affected, for a long time, by a low population density, in a rural space which is fragile nowadays. The CAP 92 (direct payments/ha, fallows), has reinforced this unique scheme made of growing structures of farming concerns, of overspecialization in wheat, barley, colza (mass production of raw material), of simplified agrarian landscapes and cultivation techniques. In this land, the yield potential is restricted : the soils aren't much thick, and include stones in a large proportion. Faced with a worldwide market, the saving of intrants has become a priority for the sustainability of the activity. Reasonable agriculture has been extending as well as the policies of certification, traceability, quality and contractualisation with the collectors. The growing of income is, in the 90's, more important here than in intensive cash grain farming systems, above all, because of largest size of the farming concerns and the reference yields. However, this agricultural space depends strongly on CAP subsidies. It's an important element both of the economic fragility and properity, due to external political decisions. This area hasn't much choice to diversify the production, in spite of the development of label productions linked to specific territories. Consequently, it's hard to set up here a multifonctional and more environmental agriculture, favouring the rural and local developments. How can the sustainable development, which is, at present, a priority in the agricultural and rural policies, be run in these lands producing few positive amenities and presenting low stakes?
Coutand, Isabelle. "Tectonique Cénozoïque du Haut Plateau de la Puna, Nord Ouest Argentin, Andes Centrales." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00620066.
Full textCoutand, Isabelle. "Tectonique cénozoïque du haut plateau de la Puna : Nord-Ouest argentin, Andes centrales /." Rennes : Géosciences, Université de Rennes I, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37096577m.
Full textCoutand, Isabelle. "Tectonique cenozoique du haut plateau de la puna, andes centrales, nord ouest argentin." Rennes 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN10017.
Full textAherdan, Maya. "Paysages et évolution du haut-pays du plateau central marocain. Dynamique et propositions d'aménagement." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01024368.
Full textEMANE, MBA SEVERIN. "Evolution morphogenique et pedogenetique du plateau manganesifere okouma (haut-ogooue, gabon). Consequences sur l'environnement." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STR1GE03.
Full textThe okouma plateau is situated in the haut-ogooue province in gabon, beetween 13'10' and 13'15' of east longitude and 1'25' and 1'30' of south latitude. It is owned at an old planation surface and has economic contents in manganese. Its studie permits to wonder about paleoclimatic environments since the eocene, to separate in the morphogenic evolution an old shaping and another more recent, to porpose a dynamic of the present evolution of the okouma morphology, to define the mechanisms occuring in morphogenesis and pedogenesis and finally to specify environmental consequences of morphogenesis and pedogenesis. The methods used are : granulometry, morphoscopy, atterberg limits and evaluations. The plateau evolution appears strongly linked to climatic changes, river erosion, physics characteristics of superficial deposits and pedogenesis. Those different factors enrol in 5 distinct stages since eocene to present times. They are characterised by contrasted seasons climats alternation and hot and humid seasons. The climats determine the orientations of fluviatile morphogenesis, pedogenesis and mechanical weathering. Fluviatile morphogenesis is differential. It depends on the geological nature of rocks, of their degree of hardness and of superficial deposits consistency. The recent pedogenetical events are ferralitization (neo-formed minerals are metahalloysite, kaolinite, gibbsite, goethite and anatase) and clay impoverishment. Mechanical weathering is limited on the area. It affects more easily soft formations than hard or hardened formations. Deposits substracted from the okouma plateau, rich in manganese, have an impact on the soil because it becomes acid and rich in toxic mn2+. The landscapes resultint of morphogenesis and pedogenesis is constitued by half-orange hills
Chellig, Nadia. "Pouvoirs et société agro-pastorale dans les Hautes Plaines steppiques en Algérie : les communes pastorales de l'Algérie centrale." Aix-Marseille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX10011.
Full textHabib, Baher. "Relations entre karstification, cadre morphostructural et incisions des vallées dans les calcaires du Dogger en Haute-Saône (plateaux de Vesoul et de Combeaufontaine)." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0223.
Full textThe Dogger Limestones of the plateaus of Vesoul and Combeaufontaine, which are located in the northern margin of the Bresse graben, are one of the most karstified areas of Haute-Saône Department. These plateaus don’t have active superficial flows. They have numerous karstic forms (sinkholes, forest hollows and closed depressions of hectometric dimensions, interrupted flows, caves, vertical shafts) in the 5 limestones formations of the Middle Jurassic (Dogger) : “Calcaires à entroques”, “Calcaires à polypiers”, “Grande Oolithe” (Bajocian), “Calcaires compacts” (Bathonian) et “Dalle nacrée” (Lower Callovian). The most numerous exokarstic forms are the multidecametric asymmetrical sinkholes, located on sections of dry valleys above the main valleys. Under the both plateaus, the subterranean waters flow in a vast networks of galleries, which could reach 9 km (Deujeau) and participate in a reorganization of drainage towards the graben of the Saône. The main part of the karst is an infra-talweg karst, which is developed in connection with the greatly fractured Dogger limestones. Its corresponds, upstreams, to the sinkholes of the consequent valleys located on the Dogger cuesta on the Northern borders of the both plateaus, under these plateaus, to the karstic active forms situated in dry valleys and to the subterranean circulations, and, on the Southern borders of these plateaus and the western border of the plateau of Vesoul to abundant emergences (Font of Champdamoy) situated in the main valleys. The subterranean galleries are oriented towards the N10° to N40° directions, in accordance with the regional faults or perpendicularly to these directions due to regressive erosion of the rivers from the Western border of the plateau of Vesoul. The infra-talweg karst also concerns high cavities, shaped in connection with valleys incision, as the cave of Equevillons (113 m) which has been shaped under conditions of drowned palaeovalleys. The forms of the lithostratigraphic karst is particularly not very numerous on the Vesoul plateau due to the low thickness of the Callovo-Oxfordian marls located on the « Dalle nacrée » formation (50 m deepth). The old age of the karstification is attested by the presence of karstic galleries until about 350 m ASL of absolute height, by the galleries lengths (10 % > 2 km), the sizes of the caves, or the presence of hectometric closed karstic depressions drained towards the endokarst. The most ancient cavities could be attributed to the beginning of the Quaternary Period, when a regional uplift occured in connection with the Jura tectonic movements and cause a general incision reaching 50 m deepth along the Saône and the lower Ognon valleys. The erosion of the ferruginous weathering profiles of the plateaus and the trapping of weathered sediments in caves (e.g. Equevillons) may be dated to this period. The intense karstification of the fractured Dogger limestones is closer to the forms of the Jura karst, rather than those of the Eastern Paris Basin, which is present at similar altitudes
Guérin, Mathieu. "Des casques blancs sur le Plateau des Herbes : La pacification des aborigènes des hautes terres du Sud-Indochinois, 1859-1940." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00504474.
Full textGerken, Tobias [Verfasser], and Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Hauhs. "High-Resolution Modelling of Surface-Atmosphere Interactions and Convection Development at Nam Co Lake, Tibetan Plateau / Tobias Gerken. Betreuer: Michael Hauhs." Bayreuth : Universität Bayreuth, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1059352389/34.
Full textLeleu, Stéphane. "Contribution à l'évaluation des angles : conception, réalisation et validation d'un plateau pivotant de très haute précision : vers une nouvelle référence angulaire nationale." Paris, ENSAM, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/1999ENAM0041.
Full textBessière, Jacinthe. "Valorisation du patrimoine gastronomique et dynamiques de développement territorial : le haut plateau de l'Aubrac, le pays de Roquefort et le Périgord noir." Toulouse 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU20003.
Full textCodron, Céline. "Étude des pratiques mortuaires de la civilisation toltèque, région du haut Plateau central mexicain, État d’Hidalgo, Mexique, 750 – 1200 apr. J.-C." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040229.
Full textRevealed by the mythical epic of its legendary sovereign Quetzalcóatl, the Toltec civilization was recognized during the XIXe century, amid the explorations made by Désiré Charnay, a french traveller and archaeologist. Thereafter, archaeological research lead to the identification of the main site of Tula. The physical data collected were cross-checked with the texts in order to identify cultural features specific to this civilization. Despite these discoveries and numerous exhumed mortuaries, dead Toltec remained in the shadows, hidden in archives. Thus, this thesis aims to analyze mortuaries of the Toltec civilization and to highlight, through a precise and multidisciplinary approach, the continuities and cultural specificities of death in three sites : Tula, Tizayuca and El Refugio. Quantitative and qualitative data from these three examples allowed us to produce a meticulous and systematic analysis of data from A.D. 750 to A.D. 1200. After laying emphasis on a archaeo-anthropological analysis, the study then focused on the definition of the Toltec ideological funeral system through texts and pictures. The acknowledgement of death’s paradigmatic dimension within this Mesoamerican civilization enabled the breakaway of consensual interpretations centred on funeral antinomy – sacrificial, to achieve the rehabilitation of a hidden purpose of death. As a whole, this thesis offers a new reading of the Toltec civilization’s mortuary practices, from an archaeological, ethnohistorical and anthropological insight
Porcher, Emilie. "Le secteur de la moyenne Durance : un espace de transition entre Alpes, Rhône et Méditerranée, première approche des échanges et de l’activité fluviale à travers l’étude de la céramique. : Composition et évolution du vaisselier en moyenne Durance et sur le plateau de Valensole entre la deuxième moitié du Ier s. av. notre ère et le début du Ve s. ap. notre ère." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3015.
Full textThe region of the moyenne Durance, a great zone of transition between the Mediterranean land and the alpine zone, is a region which is relatively badly characterised for the roman period in relation to trade, despite a network of important communication links (pass of via domitia) and a dense river network (the Durance). The starting point of this work was the detailed study of the secondary agglomeration of the Bourget at L'Escale (04) thus the installation of the banks as close as possible to the Durance, explained most probably by it's function as a harbour. The ceramic furniture found on this site, which covers the end of the 1st century up to the beginning of the 5th century, forms a basic idea of the materials used during this period. This collection was also increased largely by the study of many other collections from different sites and established productions in the region which also interest us. This work allows the understanding of the make-up and evolution of the usage of the dresser in haute Provence for this period, and to show evidence for the relationships and correspondences maintained by this region and the surrounding regions
Gentili, François. "Agglomérations rurales et terroirs du haut Moyen Âge en Ile-de-France (VIè - XIIè s.) : l'apport des grandes fouilles préventives (Plateau briard, Plaine-de-France)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H122/document.
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Mazurier, Arnaud. "Relations entre comportement locomoteur et variation cortico-trabéculaire du plateau tibial chez les primates : analyse quantitative non invasive à haute résolution (SR--µCT) et applications au registre fossile." Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT2269.
Full textAccording to the established relationships between biomechanical function and bone structural variation, deep locomotion-related differences in the inner organization of the tibial plateau are expected among the Primates, because of their variety of postural and locomotory behaviours. Nonetheless, the endostructural variation of this key joint remains poorly investigated among the Mammals in a comparative and evolutionary perspective. The goals of this study are (i) to detail and to measure, by means of high-resolution imaging (SR-µCT synchrotron radiation microtomography), the topographic variation of the "cortico-trabecular complex" at the proximal tibia in extant Primates, and (ii) to explore the potentialities of this approach as a tool in reconstructing fossil locomotory behaviours. The investigated sample consists of 23 tibias from 12 catarrhine taxa, including Homo. A number of pathological and abnormal cases (including a bipedal-trained Japanese macaque) and of nonprimate Mammals have been also considered. The quantitative analysis, based on tridimensional virtual modelling, utilizes geostatistical methods. Different patterns of load distribution and dissipation at the tibial articular surface have been found in relation to the locomotory modes (bipedalism, knuckle-walking, brachiation, terrestrial and arboreal quadrupedalism); the pathological and abnormal cases are distinct from the "normal" variation. The finding of a locomotion-related structural signature at the proximal tibia discloses, despite some methodological problems, new research perspectives in paleobiomechanics. Among the 13 fossil hominoid and hominin specimens additionally considered in this study (Proconsul, Australopithecus, Paranthropus, Homo), the La Ferrassie 2 Neanderthal tibia shows a number of morpho-architectural features distinguished from the extant human condition
El, Janyani Sanae. "Incidence des bétoires et de la karstogenèse des plateaux crayeux de la Haute-Normandie sur le fonctionnement hydrologique de l'aquifère de la craie : modélisation hydrogéologique des influences climatiques à différentes échelles spatio-temporelles." Phd thesis, Université de Rouen, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00920267.
Full textRazafimahefa, Narison. "Granites et leucogranites alumineux du nord-est du Massif de Millevaches (Massif Central français) : Pétrologie, géochimie et synthèse cartographiques." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10236.
Full textTremblay, Valérie. "Vers le haut : la valeur d’usage du toit vert privé : le point de vue de professionnels de l’immobilier œuvrant sur le Plateau Mont-Royal." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9084.
Full textThis research focuses on the use-value of green roofs in Plateau Mont-Royal, a borough in the city of Montreal. It focuses on the problematic state of urban sprawl by trying to estimate the use-value of the green roof, backyard and terrace, supported by the real estate argumentation of each facilities. Urban sprawl is the source of serious problems and the absorption of its harmful effects has become a priority in urban planning. One of the main reasons underlying the prevalent urban exodus is the value given to the use of exterior land offered by the single-family suburban habitat. In this situation, the main interest is to know if the inclusion of private open spaces in urban areas can participate in the resumption of the urban exodus. Because lack of soil in the city is an obstacle, the private green roof appears as a smart, although limited, alternative for the land surrounding a house. But this option is only relevant if people value these alternative private open spaces as they value the ground spaces. After analysis, it happens that the green roof has no use-value comparable to the backyard in the observed context, particularly because their respective public opposes outright. On the other hand, based on construction data, the terrace and green roof seem to have a comparable use-value.