Relevant bibliographies by topics / Hazardous waste site remediati

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Hazardous waste site remediati'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Hazardous waste site remediati"

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Knights, B. "Book Review: Hazardous waste site soil remediation." Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 65, no. 2 (February 1996): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4660(199602)65:2<208::aid-jctb2409>3.0.co;2-v.

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Greenberg, M., and D. Schneider. "Hazardous Waste Site Remediation, Neighborhood Change, and Neighborhood Quality." Environmental Health Perspectives 102, no. 6-7 (January 1994): 542–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.94102542.

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Cabrera-Guzmán, Diana, Joseph T. Swartzbaugh, and Andrew W. Weisman. "The Use of Electrokinetics for Hazardous Waste Site Remediation." Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 40, no. 12 (December 1990): 1670–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10473289.1990.10466815.

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Municipal Environmental Research La. "Remedial Response At the Richmond, California Hazardous Waste Site." Waste Management & Research 3, no. 1 (January 1985): 9–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x8500300102.

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Shrader-Frechette, Kristin. "Health Risks from Supposedly Remediated US Hazardous-Waste Sites: An Early-Warning Signal." Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research 3, no. 3 (June 2, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21926/aeer.2203032.

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Scientific data are almost nonexistent regarding the health-protectiveness of most hazardous-waste-site remediation. Given this data-gap, recently the World Health Organization (WHO) urged scientists to develop methods of “cost-efficient health surveillance” of toxics’ cleanups, including any “illegal operations”. Following WHO, this article’s importance is to develop one such cost-efficient method. Given the assumption that remediators’-redevelopers’ public misrepresentations of their cleanups’ safety may warrant independently assessing the health-adequacy of their remediation, the article asks the question: “For US hazardous-waste sites, deemed by the courts ‘Imminent and Substantial Endangerment’ (ISE) health threats, are remediators’ public representations of testing-cleanup quality consistent with what their more private technical documents say?” The working hypothesis is that for representative toxic sites, remediators’-redevelopers’ public representations of cleanup often contradict their private technical documents. Using the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) weight-of-evidence method, the article (1) develops 5 transparent, reproducible criteria for discovering representative, ISE-designated, US toxic-waste sites; (2) develops 3 transparent, reproducible criteria to discover remediators’-redevelopers’ public representations of their testing-cleanup; (3) uses these 3 criteria to discover what remediators’-redevelopers’ private or technical documents say about the health-adequacy of their testing/cleanup; (4) investigates whether any public representations in (2) contradict any of (3)’s private or technical documents; and (5) discusses the degree to which such contradictions, if any, suggest waste-site threats to health or environmental justice. Our results show that for the representative hazardous sites assessed, many remediator-redeveloper public guarantees of testing-cleanup quality contradict their private or technical documents. The discussion suggests that such contradictions likely violate EPA scientific-integrity regulations, threaten public health, jeopardize environmental justice, thus may require independent investigation of the adequacy of testing-cleanup. For representative, US toxic-waste sites, posing court-determined ISE, remediators’-developers’ public representations of testing-cleanup quality threaten health by often contradicting their private technical documents. The article closes by outlining two scientific strategies to promote health-protective, hazardous-waste testing/remediation.
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Hoskin, Alan F., J. Paul Leigh, and Thomas W. Planek. "Estimated Risk of Occupational Fatalities Associated with Hazardous Waste Site Remediation." Risk Analysis 14, no. 6 (December 1994): 1011–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1994.tb00070.x.

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Bennett, Gary F. "Hazardous waste site soil remediation: Theory and application of innovative technologies." Journal of Hazardous Materials 42, no. 1 (June 1995): 108–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3894(95)90046-2.

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Erickson, Larry E. "Hazardous waste site soil remediation theory and application of innovative technologies." Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal 55, no. 3 (October 1994): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0923-0467(94)85001-1.

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Burlakovs, Juris, and Magnuss Vircavs. "Waste Dumps in Latvia: Former Landfilling, Consequences and Possible Recultivation." Chemistry Journal of Moldova 7, no. 1 (June 2012): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.19261/cjm.2012.07(1).13.

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Particular attention in this article is paid to the research of two waste dumps in the capital city of Latvia – Riga, which are planned to be re-cultivated in the nearest future and one site, which is former toxic hazardous soil dump site, where the remediation of site is of priority need. The present study is giving a general overview of contamination level in two waste dumps in Riga, which were made in the period from 50-ties to 70-ties of the 20th century, also the case of hazardous soil dump site formed in a period of more than 100 years is described. Planned actions as well as direct remediational technologies to reduce the poisonous impact to the urban environment and the role of re-cultivation in the urban planning in general are proposed.
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Singh, Veena Krishan. "Remediation: A Novel Approach for Reducing Environmental Pollution." Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 1, no. 4 (October 31, 2022): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.1.4.29.

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Hazardous contaminants persist more and more now, which negatively impacts the world in various ways. Nearly every second species on earth is experiencing the worst problem with their existence as a result of high environmental contamination. While more recent remediation methods have made improvements, conventional methods have not successfully removed dangerous substances from the environment. Hazardous contaminants elimination using the remediation technique (HCER) is a process that uses remineralization to eliminate hazardous contaminants from contaminated soils and groundwater. The process involves removing hazardous constituents from contaminated soil or groundwater through either mechanical or biological means; then replacing these constituents with beneficial elements to restore environmental quality. Remediation technologies are used for both on-site and off-site applications, including landfills, industrial sites, municipal solid waste landfills, construction sites (e.g., roads), mine tailing piles and other areas where contamination exists due to anthropogenic activities such as mining operations, oil spills and landfill leachate seepage. The present study aims to examine and analyze the literature in the area of remediation strategies used to get rid of toxins, mainly from soil and water.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hazardous waste site remediati"

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Tang, Xi Yang John J. Goyne Keith William. "Risk and stability of phosphate-immobilized lead in contaminated urban soil and mining sites in the Jasper County Superfund Site." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4911.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on November 6, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
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Budde, Eva. "Assessment and optimisation of biological and physico-chemical techniques to monitor natural attenuation : application to three field sites." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=153281.

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Monitored natural attenuation is a cost-effective remediation strategy for the risk reduction of chemicals of concern (CoCs) in contaminated land and waters. This study considers three genuine sites in Germany, undergoing remediation. The objective was to measure a suite of physicochemical and biological parameters, and characterise the sites based on these data. The sites differed by their prevalent type of CoC, with one site impacted by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and two sites, situated in Hilden, impacted by BTEX. Sampling of microorganisms was performed using the industrial partner's newly developed matrix. This matrix was used for measurements of microbial respiration rate, ATP content, and 14C mineralisation rate, while groundwater samples were used for microbial luminescent biosensor assays (applying Escherichia coli HB101 pUCD607, Pseudomonas putida F1 Tn5, and Pseudomonas putida F1 TVA8), and for the chemical analysis of CoC, nitrate, iron, manganese, sulphate, and phosphate concentration. Microbial biosensors and respiration tests performed well in the identification of BTEX impacted wells at the Hilden sites, while the results for ATP content and 14C mineralisation were more ambiguous. Factor analysis showed a high impact of sulphate concentration. However, several strong correlations existed between measured parameters, so no single driving force, but a set of environmental influencing factors could be identified at the sites. The remediation progress could be demonstrated by the changes in cluster analyses between two time points. Sulphate and redox potential, the most influential parameters of the Hilden physico-chemical data set, were highlighted and confirmed by multiple linear regression, using a calculated attenuation rate as the dependent variable. Based on this outcome, a reduced sampling regime was proposed. This approach has the potential to reduce sampling costs and time at hydrocarbon contaminated sites, and has adequately demonstrated the use of statistical methods in assessing the remediation progress at a site.
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Day, Monica. "A tool for assessing citizen deliberative decisions about contaminated sites." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.

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Wadey, Matthew C. "Role of iron particulates in remediation of RDX and TNT contaminated waters with aquatic plant systems." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19924.

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Garrison, Kenneth E. "The evaluation of the Chemchar, Chemchar II, and Chemchar III gasification processes for the treatment of a variety of inorganic and organic laden wastes /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9988662.

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Mercer, Douglas Grant. "The nature of fairness : what the biggest land cleanup project in world history has to say about the culture of American environmental management /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5638.

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Culley, Marci R. Hughey Joseph. "Power and "official" vehicles for public participation in a local hazardous waste setting a community case study /." Diss., UMK access, 2004.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Dept. of Psychology. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2004.
"A dissertation in community psychology." Advisor: Joseph B. Hughey. Typescript. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed Frb. 23, 2006. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 355-370). Online version of the print edition.
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Robinette, Paul R. "A Macroinvertebrate Study of the Shenango River Westinghouse Superfund Site, Sharon, PA." Connect to resource online, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1244087277.

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Bower, Julia Michelle. "Immobilization of mercury using iron sulfide minerals." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2007%20Spring%20Theses/BOWER_JULIA_20.pdf.

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Collins, Mary B. "Collaborative dispute resolution in superfund enforcement does the resolution approach vary by community-level sociodemographic characteristics? /." Orlando, Fla. : University of Central Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0002118.

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Books on the topic "Hazardous waste site remediati"

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Hazardous waste site remediation: Source control. Boca Raton: Lewis Publishers, 1993.

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Fundamentals of hazardous waste site remediation. Boca Raton: Lewis Publishers, 1999.

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R, Wilson Stephanie, ed. Site remediation planning and management. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1997.

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Robert, Bellandi, and O'Brien & Gere., eds. Hazardous waste site remediation: The engineer's perspective. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1988.

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1943-, Freeman Harry, and Harris Eugene F, eds. Hazardous waste remediation: Innovative treatment technologies. Lancaster, Pa: Technomic Pub., 1995.

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E, Roughton James, ed. Hazardous waste compliance. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001.

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Asante-Duah, D. Kofi. Managing contaminated sites: Problem diagnosis and development of site restoration. Chichester: Wiley, 1996.

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Division, Montana Environmental Remediation. Cleaning up Montana: Superfund accomplishments, 1983-1996. [Helena, MT]: The Division, 1996.

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Canada. Indian and Northern Affairs Canada. Big Picture 2010: Contaminated sites in the NWT. Ottawa: Indian and Northern Affairs Canada = Affaires indiennes et du Nord Canada, 2010.

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Air Force Center for Environmental Excellence (U.S.). Proposed plan to cleanup six areas of contamination: FTA-2/LF-2, PFSA/FS-10/FS-11, SD-2/FS-6/FS-8, SD-3/FTA-3/CY-4, SD-4, and SD-5/FS-5. [Otis ANG Base, MA: Air Force Center for Environmental Excellence], 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hazardous waste site remediati"

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Martinenghi, Lisa, Ralf Weber, and Peter Friedli. "Observations of a Hazardous Waste Deposit at a Sedimentary Rock Site." In Remediation in Rock Masses, 101–13. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784400159.ch08.

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Miner, Michael, Paul Hagerman, and Demetrios Klerides. "Remediation of Landfill Sites at Brookhaven National Laboratory." In Hazardous and Industrial Waste Proceedings, 67–76. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003075905-10.

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Harkavenko, Volodymyr V., and Sergey S. Seryy. "Combined and Sustainable Techniques in Remediation of POPs-Contaminated Soil Sites." In Rhizobiont in Bioremediation of Hazardous Waste, 25–48. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0602-1_2.

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Chaphalkar, P. G., K. T. Valsaraj, D. Roy, W. D. Constant, and P. Lee. "Augmentation of in-Situ Subsoil Remediation Using Colloidal Gas Dispersions." In Emerging Technologies in Hazardous Waste Management 7, 113–26. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5387-8_10.

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Jackson, Daniel P. "Evaluation of Ex-Situ Soil Washing as a Remedial Strategy for Heavy Metal Removal from Railyard Ballast." In Hazardous and Industrial Waste Proceedings, 158–64. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003075905-20.

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Nguyen, Khoa T., Philip H. Rotstein, and Jeffrey W. Moore. "Successful Soil Stabilization at a Lead Contaminated Superfund Site." In Hazardous and Industrial Waste Proceedings, 165–73. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003075905-21.

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Ermel, G., V. Schnibben, and Baudirektor D. Höllger. "Securing of the Hazardous Waste Site Münchehagen." In Soil & Environment, 925–26. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2018-0_159.

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Thornton, Roy F., and Andrew P. Shapiro. "Modeling and Economic Analysis of In Situ Remediation of Cr(VI)-Contaminated Soil by Electromigration." In Emerging Technologies in Hazardous Waste Management V, 33–47. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1995-0607.ch004.

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Milani, A., F. Perghem, and S. Tunesi. "Data Collection and Priority List Definition for Hazardous Waste Sites Remediation." In Soil & Environment, 679–81. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2008-1_147.

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Clark, Diane K., David F. Darling, T. Lawrence Hineline, and Paul H. Hayden. "Field Trial of the Biowall Technology at a Former Manufactured Gas Plant Site." In Hazardous and Industrial Waste Proceedings, 397–403. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003075905-54.

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Conference papers on the topic "Hazardous waste site remediati"

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Wirsing, J. M. "Distribution of TCDD in blood constituents of rats and humans." In Environmental Monitoring and Hazardous Waste Site Remediation. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.224098.

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Banerjee, Anomitra, and Miller Jothi. "Site Remediation Techniques in India: A Review." In ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96215.

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India is one of the developing countries operating site remediation techniques for the entire nuclear fuel cycle waste for the last three decades. In this paper we intend to provide an overview of remediation methods currently utilized at various hazardous waste sites in India, their advantages and disadvantages. Over the years the site remediation techniques have been well characterized and different processes for treatment, conditioning and disposal are being practiced. Remediation Methods categorized as biological, chemical or physical are summarized for contaminated soils and environmental waters. This paper covers the site remediation techniques implemented for treatment and conditioning of wastelands arising from the operation of nuclear power plant, research reactors and fuel reprocessing units.
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Van Dyke, Bill, and Tom Dabrowski. "Integrated Approach to Remediatiion of Multiple Uranium Mill Tailing Sites for the US DOE in the Western United States." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4834.

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This paper provides a case history of a highly successful approach that was developed and implemented for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) for the cleanup and remediation of a large and diverse population of uranium mill tailings sites located in the Western United States. The paper addresses the key management challenges and lessons learned from the largest DOE Environmental Management Clean-up Project (in terms of number of individual clean-up sites) undertaken in the United States. From 1986 to 1996, the Department of Energy’s Grand Junction Projects Office (GJPO) completed approximately 4600 individual remedial action site cleanup projects for large- and small-scale properties, and sites contaminated with residual hazardous and radioactive materials from former uranium mining and milling activities. These projects, with a total value of $597 million, involved site characterization, remedial design, waste removal, cleanup verification, transportation, and disposal of nearly 2.7 million cubic yards of low-level and mixed low-level waste. The project scope included remedial action at 4,200 sites in Grand Junction, Colorado, and Edgemont, South Dakota; 412 sites in Monticello, Utah; and, 44 sites in Denver, Colorado. The projects ranged in size and complexity from the multi-year Monticello Millsite Remedial Action Project, which involved investigations, characterization, remedial design, and remedial action at this uranium millsite along with design of a 2.5 million cubic yard disposal cell, to the remediation and reconstruction of thousands of smaller commercial and residential properties throughout the Southwestern United States. Because these projects involved remedial action at a variety of commercial facilities, businesses, churches, schools and personal residences, and the transportation of the waste through towns and communities, an extensive public involvement program was the cornerstone of an effort to promote stakeholder understanding and acceptance. The Project established a DOE model for rapid, economical, and effective remedial action. During the ten years of the contract, the management operations contractor (Duratek) met all project milestones on schedule and under budget, with no cost growth from the original scope. By streamlining remediation schedules and techniques, ensuring effective stakeholder communications, and transferring lessons learned from one project to the next, the contractor achieved maximum efficiency and the lowest remediation costs of any similar DOE environmental programs at the time.
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Cassidy, Helen. "Oil Immobilization Program at Sellafield: An Innovative Approach." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7065.

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Non-standard wastes — those defined as being both hazardous waste under the United Kingdom Hazardous Waste Regulations 2005 [1] and radioactive under the Radioactive Substances Act 1993 [2] — pose particular, unique challenges for radioactive waste management organizations [3]. Treatment and disposal routes for such wastes are limited, in some cases non existent, and generally not cost effective. A non-standard waste of particular concern in the United Kingdom, and indeed on the Sellafield site, is that of radiologically contaminated waste oil. The optioning process for treatment of bulk contaminated waste oil on the Sellafield site has assessed a range of options including incineration, chemical decontamination, physical decontamination and immobilization. Immobilization has proved to be a potentially useful option for oil wastestreams that fail to meet waste acceptance criteria for incineration facilities. Experimental development work has been undertaken at Sellafield during 2006 to test the suitability of an innovative technology for the solidification of waste oil with a cross section of wastestreams from the site. These trials have demonstrated that this polymer system is able to successfully immobilize a range of aged, chemically and physically diverse contaminated oil wastestreams and thus provide a potential solution to the disposal problem posed by this wastestream.
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Lippy, Bruce. "Technology Safety Data Sheets: Tools Perceived as Valuable by Workers, Technology Developers, and Regulators." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4872.

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Several U.S. agencies, most notably the Department of Energy (DOE), have been developing a new information tool for workers to alert them to the hazards posed by operating and maintaining innovative remediation technologies for cleaning hazardous waste. Technology Safety Data Sheets (TSDSs), designed as corollaries to Material Safety Data Sheets, have never been evaluated prior to this research. Three populations were evaluated. DOE technology developers (n = 80) were sent one of four randomly selected TSDSs, along with a Likert-scale, pre-tested questionnaire in the mail. Sixty-two percent responded. Nearly three-quarters agreed that the TSDS format is valuable. Two-thirds agreed that TSDSs would prove valuable for training workers at a hazardous waste site, although there was no consistency in their perception of the long-term benefits of TSDSs. A focus group of state environmental regulators was held through the Southern States Energy Board. The regulators did not have access to safety and health professionals within their state organization, so they agreed that the document would be valuable. They saw TSDSs as facilitating the process of writing permits for new technologies as well as disseminating information to the community near hazard waste sites. The third population, heavy equipment operators who are trained to work with hazardous waste, were also sent one of the same four random TSDs and a questionnaire. From mailing of 935, 475 responded, a 50% return. The workers were more enthusiastic than developers about the value of these document (91% agreed TSDSs were valuable). Eighty-three percent agreed that the similarity to MSDSs increase the ease of use. Risk ratings were considered a valuable element by all three populations. The findings supported the DOE efforts to disseminate safety information through this tool. Examples of TSDSs are available at http://www.iuoeiettc.org.
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Prince, Robert E., and Bradley W. Bowan. "Lessons Learned Siting and Successfully Processing U.S. DOE Radioactive Wastes Using a High Throughput Vitrification Process." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4836.

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This paper describes actual experience applying a technology to achieve volume reduction while producing a stable waste form for low and intermediate level liquid (L/ILW) wastes, and the L/ILW fraction produced from pre-processing of high level wastes. The chief process addressed will be vitrification. The joule-heated ceramic melter vitrification process has been used successfully on a number of waste streams produced by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). This paper will address lessons learned in achieving dramatic improvements in process throughput, based on actual pilot and full-scale waste processing experience. Since 1991, Duratek, Inc., and its long-term research partner, the Vitreous State Laboratory of The Catholic University of America, have worked to continuously improve joule heated ceramic melter vitrification technology in support of waste stabilization and disposition in the United States. From 1993 to 1998, under contact to the DOE, the team designed, built, and operated a joule-heated melter (the DuraMelterTM) to process liquid mixed (hazardous/low activity) waste material at the Savannah River Site (SRS) in South Carolina. This melter produced 1,000,000 kilograms of vitrified waste, achieving a volume reduction of approximately 70 percent and ultimately producing a waste form that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) delisted for its hazardous classification. The team built upon its SRS M Area experience to produce state-of-the-art melter technology that will be used at the DOE’s Hanford site in Richland, Washington. Since 1998, the DuraMelterTM has been the reference vitrification technology for processing both the high level waste (HLW) and low activity waste (LAW) fractions of liquid HLW waste from the U.S. DOE’s Hanford site. Process innovations have doubled the throughput and enhanced the ability to handle problem constituents in LAW. This paper provides lessons learned from the operation and testing of two facilities that provide the technology for a vitrification system that will be used in the stabilization of the low level fraction of Hanford’s high level tank wastes.
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Deuel, L. E., and G. H. Holliday. "Evolution of Oil and Gas Waste/Soil Remediation Regulations." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80460.

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The meaningful United States regulation of onshore oil and gas field waste/soil commenced in the mid 1980’s in response to a series of state, federal, industry and international initiatives. Most initiatives centered on the design, construction and operation of earthen pits used in the exploration and production of oil and gas (E&P). Prior to this time, earthen pits were constructed as needed by the operator and used in all phases of E&P activity. Chief concerns of the regulators were focused on what had gone into pits historically, what was going into them currently and was the E&P exemption excluding high volume E&P wastes from the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulations justified. Several investigations, including the comprehensive field study by the Environmental Protection Agency in 1987, determined E&P wastes are ostensibly non-hazardous. EPA concluded regulation of E&P wastes under RCRA Subtitle C was not necessary. To this day there is no U. S. federal regulatory program with exclusive jurisdiction over exempt E&P wastes. Other studies, primarily industry and academic, focusing on land limiting constituents, management practices and pit closure strategies revealed sodium salts and petroleum hydrocarbon in the form of diesel range organics were the primary limiting constituents. One state, Louisiana, adopted the technical aspects of these studies and developed a comprehensive regulation known as Statewide Order 29-B, which was based on the concept of limiting constituents and defined post closure performance standards. These standards limited salinity, sodicity, total metals and total petroleum hydrocarbon (oil & grease) with values varying with respect to landform, land use and closure technique. Other states have adopted some of the concepts and criteria advanced under 29-B but none are as comprehensive. Obviously there is a need to control what goes into pits and how pits should be closed. The industry would best be served by adopting the concepts and standards set forth in the Louisiana 29-B regulation. A few of the provisions could be changed to make it more palatable to industry without sacrificing the protection afforded human and animal health, safety and the environment. Internationally, particularly countries in South America embraced USEPA protocol for testing characteristically hazardous wastes, but 1) without the framework to handle the relatively large volume of non-hazardous E&P waste generated and 2) no regulations or protocols for on-site waste management. Several operators, although partners with state owned oil companies, on their own volition, applied the concepts and standards under Louisiana’s 29-B to rainforests in South America and rice paddies in Indonesia. Canada and European oil and gas producing countries have developed stringent standards not based on science, which favor costly treatment technologies. Generally, these countries prohibit cost effective on-site waste management and closure techniques. This paper traces the evolution of waste/soil remediation within the United States and internationally. We trace the progress as a function of time; the impetus for regulation; and probable future controls.
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Fellingham, Lorimar, Andrew Graham, and Steven Stiff. "Characterisation and Remediation of Beryllium Waste Pits in the Southern Storage Area at Harwell." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4861.

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The Southern Storage Area at UKAEA’s Harwell site was used from the late 1940’s through until the late 1980’s for the storage, packaging and disposal of various radioactive and chemical wastes. These included beryllium-contaminated wastes arising primarily from the decommissioning of redundant beryllium fabrication facilities. The latter were buried in five unlined, shallow trenches, each being ∼40–50 m long by 6 m wide and 3–4 m deep. An environmental assessment identified three feasible options for the future of these “Beryllium” Pits. These were full excavation with removal of their contents and surroundings, capping and long-term care and maintenance. These options were studied more extensively to select the best practicable environmental option (BPEO), which was excavation. This paper describes in detail the characterisation and remediation approaches used in identifying, planning and successfully implementing that option. It also compares the actual waste arisings in nature, form and quantities with the expectations from the characterisation investigations. At the project commencement limited information existed from records and past trial pitting on the form and contents of the pits. Thus much more extensive characterisation was necessary to determine their dimensions, identify waste types, volumes and disposal routes and quantify potential hazards for any excavations. The characterisation programme involved planning, setting up a site infrastructure, site clearance, non-intrusive surveying and intrusive characterisation by coring. The pit areas and their immediate surroundings were monitored for radiological contamination, followed by geophysical surveys using magnetometry and ground penetrating radar. Primary and secondary containment systems were then constructed over the pits before coring, sampling and analysis on a predefined grid. There was significant beryllium contamination in all pits with some limited contamination by heavy metals, including mercury, and radionuclides. There were also trace levels of volatile organic solvents. These data provided the basis for planning the remediation. The remediation was successfully undertaken to achieve as a minimum a set of remediation targets for residual chemical and radioactive contamination. These targets were determined from site-specific risk assessments, best practice and waste limits. Each pit was remediated within a sealed and ventilated primary containment inside a secondary weatherproof containment building. A horizontal mining approach was adopted to pit excavation with a small excavator initially placed in a launch pit constructed immediately outside the pit. The excavator worked along the pit removing thin layers of waste from an inclined face ahead of it. The waste was placed into bags on trolleys on rails. It was removed via a posting port. After removal of all of the contents and hazardous materials, the containment was removed. Any further excavation required to meet the remediation targets was undertaken in bulk in the open. After verification sampling the remediation was completed by inserting a low permeability barrier of clay and a bentonite geotextile into the base of the pit and backfilling with compacted clean soil. The remediation was completed with successful achievement of all remediation criteria and minimal impacts on the operators, public and environment.
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Tuor, Nany, and Allen Schubert. "Lessons Learned at the Rocky Flats Closure Project and Their Applicability to the Emerging Cleanup of the United Kingdom’s Civil Nuclear Liabilities." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4784.

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The Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site is a former nuclear weapons production facility owned by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Located in central Colorado near Denver, the facility produced nuclear and non-nuclear components for weapons from 1953 to 1989. During this period, Rocky Flats grew to more than 800 facilities and structures situated on 2,500 hectares. Production activities and processes contaminated a number of facilities, soil, groundwater and surface water with radioactive and hazardous materials. In 1989, almost all radioactive weapons component production activities at Rocky Flats were suspended due to safety and environmental concerns related to operations, and the site was placed on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s National Priorities List (also known as the Superfund list). In 1992, the nuclear weapons production role at Rocky Flats officially ended and the mission changed from weapons production to one of risk reduction. In 1995, Kaiser-Hill, LLC (Kaiser-Hill) was awarded a five-year contract to reduce the urgent health and safety risks at the site, as well as begin the cleanup. At that time, the U.S. government estimated that it would cost more than $36 billion and take more than 70 years to cleanup and close Rocky Flats. Beginning in the summer of 1995, Kaiser-Hill developed a series of strategic planning models which demonstrated that accelerated cleanup of the site could be achieved while dramatically reducing cleanup costs. Within a few years, Kaiser-Hill developed a cleanup plan or lifecycle baseline that described how cleanup could be accomplished by 2010 for about $7.3 billion. Additionally, between 1995 and 2000, Kaiser-Hill made significant progress toward stabilizing special nuclear materials, cleaning up environmental contamination, demolishing buildings and shipping radioactive and hazardous waste for disposal. This initial contract was completed for approximately $2.8 billion. In January 2000, based its record of successes, Kaiser-Hill was awarded DOE’s first “closure contract” to close the site no later than December 2006, at a target cost of $3.96 billion. To date, some of the key enablers of the accelerated closure project concept and successful closure project execution include: • Shared vision of the end state; • Flexible, consultative regulatory agreement; • Credible project plan and robust project management systems; • Closure contract; • Empowered and motivated workforce; • Commitment to safety; • Closure-enhancing technologies. The scope of the closure project encompasses the following key completion metrics: • Disposition of 21 metric tons of weapons-grade nuclear materials; • Treatment of more than 100 metric tons of high-content plutonium wastes called residues; • Processing of 30,000 liters of plutonium and enriched uranium solutions; • Demolition of more than 800 facilities and structures totaling more that 325,000 square meters — many of which are contaminated with radioactive and/or hazardous materials; • Offsite shipment of more than 250,000 cubic meters of radioactive waste; • Disposition of approximately 370 environmental sites.
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Whitaker, Wade, Chris Bergren, and Mary Flora. "Utilizing the Right Mix of Environmental Cleanup Technologies." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7369.

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The Savannah River Site (SRS) Figure 1 is a 310-square-mile United States Department of Energy nuclear facility located along the Savannah River near Aiken, South Carolina. During operations, which started in 1951, hazardous substances (chemicals and radionuclides) were released to the environment. The releases occurred as a result of inadvertent spills and waste disposal in unlined pits and basins which was common practice before environmental regulations existed. The hazardous substances have migrated to the vadose zone and groundwater in many areas of the SRS, resulting in 515 waste units that are required by environmental regulations, to undergo characterization and, if needed, remediation. In the initial years of the SRS environmental cleanup program (early 1990s), the focus was to use common technologies (such as pump and treat, air stripping, excavation and removal) that actively and tangibly removed contamination. Exclusive use of these technologies required continued and significant funding while often failing to meet acceptable clean-up goals and objectives. Recognizing that a more cost-effective approach was needed, SRS implemented new and complementary remediation methods focused on active and passive technologies targeted to solve specific remediation problems. Today, SRS uses technologies such as chemical / pH-adjusting injection, phytoremediation, underground cutoff walls, dynamic underground stripping, soil fracturing, microbial degradation, baroballs, electrical resistance heating, soil vapor extraction, and microblowers to more effectively treat contamination at lower costs. Additionally, SRS’s remediation approach cost effectively maximizes cleanup as SRS works proactively with multiple regulatory agencies. Using GIS, video, animation, and graphics, SRS is able to provide an accurate depiction of the evolution of SRS groundwater and vadose zone cleanup activities to convince stakeholders and regulators of the effectiveness of various cleanup technologies. Remediating large, complex groundwater plumes using state of-the art technologies and approaches is a hallmark of years of experience and progress. Environmental restoration at SRS continues to be a challenging and dynamic process as new cleanup technologies and approaches are adopted.
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Reports on the topic "Hazardous waste site remediati"

1

Goranson, C. Applicability of petroleum horizontal drilling technology to hazardous waste site characterization and remediation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10163380.

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2

Goranson, C. Applicability of petroleum horizontal drilling technology to hazardous waste site characterization and remediation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6240330.

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3

Pelletier, Austin, Amanda Hohner, Idil Deniz Akin, Indranil Chowdhury, Richard Watts, Xianming Shi, Brendan Dutmer, and James Mueller. Bench-scale Electrochemical Treatment of Co-contaminated Clayey Soil. Illinois Center for Transportation, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-018.

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Industrial soil contamination is frequently unearthed by transportation agencies during construction within the right-of-way. As a result, transportation agencies may experience construction delays. Soils co-contaminated with high-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HMW-PAHs) and metals are commonly encountered in Illinois and exhibit recalcitrance towards conventional treatment technologies. This issue is exacerbated in the fine-grained soils common to Illinois, where low-permeability and immense sorption capacity increase treatment complexity, cost, and duration. Contaminated sites are spatially and temporally restrictive and require rapid in situ treatments, whereas conventional soil remediation requires 1 to 3 years on average. Consequently, transportation agencies typically pursue excavation and off-site disposal for expediency. However, this solution is expensive, so a comparatively expeditious and affordable treatment alternative is needed to combat the increasing cost of hazardous waste disposal. The objective of this work was to develop an accelerated in situ treatment approach adaptable for use at any construction site to cost-effectively remove HMW-PAHs and metals from clayey soil. It was hypothesized that an in situ electrochemical treatment which augments electrokinetics with H2O2 could remediate both HMW-PAHs and metals in less than a month. Bench-scale reactors resemblant of field-scale in situ electrokinetic systems were designed and fabricated to assess the electrochemical treatment of clayey soils contaminated with HMW-PAHs and metals. Pyrene, chromium, and manganese were used as model contaminants, spiked into kaolinite as a model clay. Electrokinetics were imposed by a low-intensity electrical field distributed by graphite rods. Electrolytic H2O2 systems were leveraged to distribute electrical current and facilitate contaminant removal. Average contaminant removals of 100%, 42.3%, and 4.5% were achieved for pyrene, manganese, and chromium, respectively. Successful development of this bench-scale treatment approach will serve to guide transportation agencies in field-scale implementation. The results from this work signify that electrochemical systems that leverage eco-friendly oxidant addition can replace excavation and disposal as a means of addressing clayey soils co-contaminated with HMW-PAHs and metals.
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4

Johnson, H. R., W. K. Jr Overbey, and G. J. Jr Koperna. Assessment of technologies for hazardous waste site remediation: Non-treatment technologies and pilot scale facility implementation -- excavation -- storage technology -- safety analysis and review statement. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10165572.

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Geffen, C. A., B. A. Garrett, C. E. Cowan, M. R. Siegel, and J. F. Keller. Remediation of DOE hazardous waste sites: Planning and integration requirements. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5507756.

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6

Maurer, Nicki, Michael Berkshire, Deb Hamling, and Sean Riley. Regional Household Hazardous Waste Site. University of Iowa, May 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/3gx6-kfcp.

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7

Aamodt, Paul L., Don A. York, and Larry W. Maassen. Hazardous Waste Site Analysis (Small Site Technology). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada226547.

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8

Morris, S. C., and A. F. Meinhold. Report of technical support for the Hazardous Waste Remedial Action Program on health and environmental risks of inactive hazardous waste sites. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6347890.

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9

Labieniec, Paula Ann. The risk implications of approaches to setting soil remediation goals at hazardous waste contaminated sites. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/471433.

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10

WINTERHALDER, J. A. Hanford Site Hazardous waste determination report for transuranic debris waste streams NPFPDL2A. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/798054.

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