Relevant bibliographies by topics / HDVs

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'HDVs'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "HDVs"

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Cunanan, Carlo, Manh-Kien Tran, Youngwoo Lee, Shinghei Kwok, Vincent Leung, and Michael Fowler. "A Review of Heavy-Duty Vehicle Powertrain Technologies: Diesel Engine Vehicles, Battery Electric Vehicles, and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles." Clean Technologies 3, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 474–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol3020028.

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Greenhouse gas emissions from the freight transportation sector are a significant contributor to climate change, pollution, and negative health impacts because of the common use of heavy-duty diesel vehicles (HDVs). Governments around the world are working to transition away from diesel HDVs and to electric HDVs, to reduce emissions. Battery electric HDVs and hydrogen fuel cell HDVs are two available alternatives to diesel engines. Each diesel engine HDV, battery-electric HDV, and hydrogen fuel cell HDV powertrain has its own advantages and disadvantages. This work provides a comprehensive review to examine the working mechanism, performance metrics, and recent developments of the aforementioned HDV powertrain technologies. A detailed comparison between the three powertrain technologies, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each, is also presented, along with future perspectives of the HDV sector. Overall, diesel engine in HDVs will remain an important technology in the short-term future due to the existing infrastructure and lower costs, despite their high emissions, while battery-electric HDV technology and hydrogen fuel cell HDV technology will be slowly developed to eliminate their barriers, including costs, infrastructure, and performance limitations, to penetrate the HDV market.
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Lin, Lei, Siyuan Gong, Srinivas Peeta, and Xia Wu. "Long Short-Term Memory-Based Human-Driven Vehicle Longitudinal Trajectory Prediction in a Connected and Autonomous Vehicle Environment." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2675, no. 6 (February 19, 2021): 380–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198121993471.

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The advent of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) will change driving behavior and travel environment, and provide opportunities for safer, smoother, and smarter road transportation. During the transition from the current human-driven vehicles (HDVs) to a fully CAV traffic environment, the road traffic will consist of a “mixed” traffic flow of HDVs and CAVs. Equipped with multiple sensors and vehicle-to-vehicle communications, a CAV can track surrounding HDVs and receive trajectory data of other CAVs in communication range. These trajectory data can be leveraged with recent advances in deep learning methods to potentially predict the trajectories of a target HDV. Based on these predictions, CAVs can react to circumvent or mitigate traffic flow oscillations and accidents. This study develops attention-based long short-term memory (LSTM) models for HDV longitudinal trajectory prediction in a mixed flow environment. The model and a few other LSTM variants are tested on the Next Generation Simulation US 101 dataset with different CAV market penetration rates (MPRs). Results illustrate that LSTM models that utilize historical trajectories from surrounding CAVs perform much better than those that ignore information even when the MPR is as low as 0.2. The attention-based LSTM models can provide more accurate multi-step longitudinal trajectory predictions. Further, grid-level average attention weight analysis is conducted and the CAVs with higher impact on the target HDV’s future trajectories are identified.
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Kornfield, Thomas, and Jonathan Skolnik. "Economic Incentives to Mitigate Impacts of State Low-Emission Vehicle Standard for Heavy-Duty Vehicles." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1520, no. 1 (January 1996): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196152000108.

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Economic incentive concepts that might reduce the likelihood that heavy-duty vehicle (HDV) operators will move their base operations out of California as a result of potential low-emission standards for HDVs based in the state are examined. In particular, 11 economic incentives that fall into the categories of rebates, taxes and fees, loans, and trading measures are examined. The results support the adoption of a fee-bate system under which registration fees would be based on the emission contributions of HDVs. Such a system could be applied to instate and out-of-state HDVs, thereby eliminating the incentive for operators to relocate outside California while encouraging the purchase and use of low-emission HDVs.
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Oyama, Beatriz Sayuri, Maria de Fátima Andrade, Pierre Herckes, Ulrike Dusek, Thomas Röckmann, and Rupert Holzinger. "Chemical characterization of organic particulate matter from on-road traffic in São Paulo, Brazil." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no. 22 (November 18, 2016): 14397–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-14397-2016.

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Abstract. This study reports emission of organic particulate matter by light-duty vehicles (LDVs) and heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, where vehicles run on three different fuel types: gasoline with 25 % ethanol (called gasohol, E25), hydrated ethanol (E100), and diesel (with 5 % biodiesel). The experiments were performed at two tunnels: Jânio Quadros (TJQ), where 99 % of the vehicles are LDVs, and RodoAnel Mário Covas (TRA), where up to 30 % of the fleet are HDVs. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) samples were collected on quartz filters in May and July 2011 at TJQ and TRA, respectively. The samples were analyzed by thermal-desorption proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (TD-PTR-MS) and by thermal–optical transmittance (TOT). Emission factors (EFs) for organic aerosol (OA) and organic carbon (OC) were calculated for the HDV and the LDV fleet. We found that HDVs emitted more PM2.5 than LDVs, with OC EFs of 108 and 523 mg kg−1 burned fuel for LDVs and HDVs, respectively. More than 700 ions were identified by TD-PTR-MS and the EF profiles obtained from HDVs and LDVs exhibited distinct features. Unique organic tracers for gasoline, biodiesel, and tire wear have been tentatively identified. nitrogen-containing compounds contributed around 20 % to the EF values for both types of vehicles, possibly associated with incomplete fuel burning or fast secondary production. Additionally, 70 and 65 % of the emitted mass (i.e. the OA) originates from oxygenated compounds from LDVs and HDVs, respectively. This may be a consequence of the high oxygen content of the fuel. On the other hand, additional oxygenation may occur during fuel combustion. The high fractions of nitrogen- and oxygen-containing compounds show that chemical processing close to the engine / tailpipe region is an important factor influencing primary OA emission. The thermal-desorption analysis showed that HDVs emitted compounds with higher volatility, and with mainly oxygenated and longer chain hydrocarbons than LDVs.
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Weinblatt, Herbert, Robert G. Dulla, and Nigel N. Clark. "Vehicle Activity–Based Procedure for Estimating Emissions of Heavy-Duty Vehicles." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1842, no. 1 (January 2003): 64–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1842-08.

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A new procedure for estimating the emissions of heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) is presented. This procedure combines second-by-second data on actual in-use speed and acceleration of HDVs with data on average emissions rates of HDVs operating at corresponding speeds and acceleration rates. The initial implementation of this procedure used a limited amount of newly collected emissions data and a somewhat larger amount of previously collected HDV activity data. Validation tests provide a reasonable level of confidence about the validity of the nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions factors produced using this initial implementation. However, these tests also indicate that the small amount of emissions data used in the initial implementation is insufficient to produce meaningful estimates of emissions factors for carbon monoxide or particulate matter. The research, the procedure that was developed, the validation tests, the results for NOx emissions, and NOx speed correction factors derived from these results are briefly described. The speed correction factors are of particular interest. The minimum values for these factors occur at speeds higher than those currently used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and the factors grow more slowly at higher speeds than do the factors generated by MOBILE.
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O'Doherty, T., D. A. Egarr, M. G. Faram, I. Guymer, and N. Syred. "Residence time study of a hydrodynamic vortex separator applied to predicting disinfection performance." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 223, no. 3 (May 22, 2009): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544089jpme244.

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The fluid residence time characterization of a 3.4 m diameter hydrodynamic vortex separator (HDVS) has been carried out under laboratory conditions. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling has then been undertaken for the same conditions at which the experimental data were collected and validated against the experimental results, for which reasonable correspondence has been found. Using the results from the CFD modelling and batch inactivation results from the disinfection of secondary treated wastewater, it is shown that the theoretical performance of an HDVS as a contact vessel for disinfection can be determined and the practical applicability of an HDVS for disinfection is confirmed.
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Shi, Mingming, Yunjie Ruan, Binxin Wu, Zhangying Ye, and Songming Zhu. "Performance evaluation of Hydrodynamic Vortex Separator at different hydraulic retention times applied in Recirculating Biofloc Technology system." Transactions of the ASABE 60, no. 5 (2017): 1737–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.12415.

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Abstract. Recirculating biofloc technology (RBFT) has been gradually acknowledged for its positive effect on the control of biofloc concentration using a hydrodynamic vortex separator (HDVS). To operate an RBFT system at maximum performance, the removal efficiency of an HDVS at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs) must be fully predictable. Hence, a numerical study of the fluid flow and particle dynamics was performed to characterize the performance of an HDVS at varying HRTs. First, flow simulation was conducted to determine an economical mesh size at an HRT of 248 s. Then, with respect to the total suspended solids (TSS) in the RBFT system and the physical properties of the flocs, two-way coupling of the dense discrete phase model (DDPM) and discrete element model (DEM) methods was used to predict floc tracking in an HDVS. Additionally, the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with the Reynolds stress turbulence model (RSM) were solved using the finite volume method based on the semi-implicit method pressure-linked equations (SIMPLE) pressure correction algorithm in the computational domain. Finally, pilot-scale studies were conducted to verify the simulation models. Based on the simulation results, floc management in an RBFT system is briefly discussed. Due to limited research on the numerical simulation and operating conditions of an HDVS in an RBFT system, this article describes an original investigation of the modeling approach. Keywords: Computational fluid dynamics, Dense discrete phase model, Discrete element model, Floc management, Flow field, Removal efficiency, Total suspend solids.
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Christensen, Tine N., Seppo W. Langer, Gitte Persson, Klaus Richter Larsen, Annemarie G. Amtoft, Sune H. Keller, Andreas Kjaer, and Barbara Malene Fischer. "Impact of [18F]FDG-PET and [18F]FLT-PET-Parameters in Patients with Suspected Relapse of Irradiated Lung Cancer." Diagnostics 11, no. 2 (February 11, 2021): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11020279.

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Radiation-induced changes may cause a non-malignant high 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose (FDG)-uptake. The 3′-deoxy-3′-[18F]fluorothymidine (FLT)-PET/CT performs better in the differential diagnosis of inflammatory changes and lung lesions with a higher specificity than FDG-PET/CT. We investigated the association between post-radiotherapy FDG-PET-parameters, FLT-PET-parameters, and outcome. Sixty-one patients suspected for having a relapse after definitive radiotherapy for lung cancer were included. All the patients had FDG-PET/CT and FLT-PET/CT. FDG-PET- and FLT-PET-parameters were collected from within the irradiated high-dose volume (HDV) and from recurrent pulmonary lesions. For associations between PET-parameters and relapse status, respectively, the overall survival was analyzed. Thirty patients had a relapse, of these, 16 patients had a relapse within the HDV. FDG-SUVmax and FLT-SUVmax were higher in relapsed HDVs compared with non-relapsed HDVs (median FDG-SUVmax: 12.8 vs. 4.2; p < 0.001; median FLT-SUVmax 3.9 vs. 2.2; p < 0.001). A relapse within HDV had higher FDG-SUVpeak (median FDG-SUVpeak: 7.1 vs. 3.5; p = 0.014) and was larger (median metabolic tumor volume (MTV50%): 2.5 vs. 0.7; 0.014) than the relapsed lesions outside of HDV. The proliferative tumor volume (PTV50%) was prognostic for the overall survival (hazard ratio: 1.07 pr cm3 [1.01–1.13]; p = 0.014) in the univariate analysis, but not in the multivariate analysis. FDG-SUVmax and FLT-SUVmax may be helpful tools for differentiating the relapse from radiation-induced changes, however, they should not be used definitively for relapse detection.
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Tanaka, Hiroshi, and Laurence J. Thorpe. "The Sony PCL HDVS Production Facility." SMPTE Journal 100, no. 6 (June 1991): 404–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5594/j01669.

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Gong, Bowen, Ruixin Wei, Dayong Wu, and Ciyun Lin. "Fleet Management for HDVs and CAVs on Highway in Dense Fog Environment." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (August 14, 2020): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8842730.

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Adverse weather conditions have a significant impairment on the safety, mobility, and efficiency of highway networks. Dense fog is considered the most dangerous within the adverse weather conditions. As to improve the traffic flow throughput and driving safety in dense fog weather condition on highway, this paper uses a mathematical modeling method to study and control the fleet mixed with human-driven vehicles (HDVs) and connected automatic vehicles (CAVs) in dense fog environment on highway based on distributed model predictive control algorithm (DMPC), along with considering the car-following behavior of HDVs driver based on cellular automatic (CA) model. It aims to provide a feasible solution for controlling the mixed flow of HDVs and CAVs more safely, accurately, and stably and then potentially to improve the mobility and efficiency of highway networks in adverse weather conditions, especially in dense fog environment. This paper explores the modeling framework of the fleet management for HDVs and CAVs, including the state space model of CAVs, the car-following model of HDVs, distributed model predictive control for the fleet, and the fleet stability analysis. The state space model is proposed to identify the status of the feet in the global state. The car-following model is proposed to simulate the driver behavior in the fleet in local. The DMPC-based model is proposed to optimize rolling of the fleet. Finally, this paper used the Lyapunov stability principle to analyze and prove the stability of the fleet in dense fog environment. Finally, numerical experiments were performed in MATLAB to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model. The results showed that the proposed fleet control model has the ability of local asymptotic stability and global nonstrict string stability.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "HDVs"

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Ter, Vehn Anton. "Longitudinal Control Design for Autonomous HDVs." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-261709.

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Autonomous vehicles are evolving from a futuristic dream to current realityas technology becomes more and more mature. However, their presence on thehighways will demands precise control over lateral and longitudinal positioning.This thesis, completed at Scania Group AB in Södertälje, mainly focuses on thedesign of longitudinal controllers for trajectory tracking without compromisingalready mature control solutions. To this end, a virtual vehicle is created toextrapolate where the vehicle is supposed to be in time, and its position andvelocity are used as reference inputs. Then, two different control strategies (aPD controller and a lead compensator) based on position error and velocityerror are developed. A breaking algorithm is also developed to use servicebrakes on an Heavy-duty vehicle effectively. Numerical studies highlight thatthe proposed controllers exhibit excellent performance while tracking both positionand velocity trajectories. The proposed controllers are examined in threedifferent test cases: varying velocity, executing lane changes, and driving in anenvironment with significant changes in topology. In all test cases, the positionerror is less than 1m, while the velocity error is less than 0.5m/s. Comparedto the existing controller, developed in Scania Group AB, these controllers improvethe tracking performance significantly. Also, both controllers improverobustness against lateral changes and exogenous forces.
I och med att forskningen mot det första autonoma fordonet fortgår, såhar många komplexa problem fått lösningar och uppmärksamheten har väntsmot andra problem. Detta examensarbete, utfört på Scania gruppenAB i Södertälje,utforskade longitudinella regulatorer som minimerar positionsfel ochhastighetsfel för lastbilar, genom att implementera en två regulatorer i kaskad,en som styr på positionsfel och en som styr på hastighetsfel. Det autonoma fordonssystemetutnyttjade path following, vars system modifierades för att skapaett virtuellt fordon som följer hastighetsprofilen perfekt och möjlighetgör trajectorytracking istället. De två regulatorer som implementerades var en PDregulator samt en fasavancerade regulator. Regulatorerna utvärderades i treolika test: Varierande hastighet, byte at körfält samt körning på väg med varierandetopologi. En bromsalgoritm var även implementerad för att se till attbromsarna används sparsamt men effektivt. Resultatet blev att båda regulatorernaförsäkrade att lastbilen kan minimera felet i hastighet och position, medett största fel på 1m i position och 0.5m i hastighet i alla test. Regulatorernavar även robusta mot laterella förändringar samt utomstående krafter.
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Badia, Canal Jordi. "Fuel Saving Potentials of HDVs through Platooning based on Real GPS Traces." Thesis, KTH, Reglerteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-145341.

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In the last years, the increase of the fuel price and the need to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions have triggered the research on lowering the fuel consumption within the transport sector. The research not only involves the development of more efficient engines but also the exploration of new transportation paradigms. One promising approach is to create vehicle platoons, i.e. convoys of vehicles driving close to each other. Vehicles driving close behind benefit from the reduction of the air drag and hence their overall fuel consumptions are reduced. This work focuses on studying platoons of heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs). More specifically, the work analyzes real position data of an HDV fleet from one manufacturer. The objective is to determine the potentials to reduce the fuel consumption of the fleet through platoon formations, using low sampled GPS traces obtained from the fleet management system. Map matching and path inference algorithms have been developed to reconstruct the path of the vehicles on a given road network. The reconstructed paths are used to analyze the vehicles’ positions and inter-vehicle distances. Results show that the vehicles are widely spread. The average distance to the closest vehicle is greater than 20km, which limits the platoon opportunities. Although with limited platoon opportunities, potential fuel savings up to 0.14% of the whole fleet’s consumption have been obtained. Results suggest that fuel savings can be largely improved if the density of vehicles in the road network is increased.
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Silva, Fernández Simón Yeco. "Photometric Redshifts in the HDFS." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/133104.

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Magíster en Ciencias, Mención Astronomía
Se presenta fotometría óptica en 11 bandas medias a partir de observaciones realizadas con el telescopio de 2.2m en LSO (WFI) sobre un campo de ~30'×30' deg extendido en el Hubble Deep Field-South (EHDF-S), el cual es uno de los campos que contiene información en multibandas como parte del Multiwavelength Survey by Yale-Chile (MUSYC). Este campo tiene una gran cantidad de datos públicos y datos auxiliares en bandas UV, óptico, infrarrojo cercano e infrarrojo lejano. Se determinaron aperturas óptimas para fotometría de alta precisión para diversas fuentes y brillos. Se proporcionan incertezas en magnitud a través de una técnica mejorada que considera correlaciones a mayor y menor escala en el ruido. Se incluyen datos auxiliares en el óptico a partir del catálogo de MUSYC en bandas UBVRIz ' hasta una magnitud total de R=25 (AB), además de datos en infrarrojo cercano JHK de dos campos de 10 '× 10' deg con profundidades de J~22.5, H~21.5 y K~21 (5σ; Vega). Se creó un catálogo fotométrico de ~62.000 galaxias detectadas en la imagen BVR de MUSYC. Se miden redshifts fotométricos mediante el código EAzY y se compara con ~500 fuentes identificadas espectroscópicamente con la finalidad de probar la precisión y desempeño de los filtros en bandas medias. Los redshifts fotométricos resultaron más confiables para R<24 cuando la muestra contiene ~12.000 galaxias, particularmente en 0.1 < z < 1.2, región de sampleo en el óptico de características como el quiebre de Balmer. La precisión de los redshifts fotométricos en Δz/(1+z) es de 0.029, lo cual es comparable a estudios recientes con un mejoramiento del 20%. Estos valores se degradan en calidad para galaxias más débiles o cuando se utilizan menos bandas. Como demostración de la calidad de los resultados, se derivan tipos espectrales de las fuentes, luego se construyen funciones de luminosidad para comparar con trabajos similares, y así confirmar la fuerte dependencia de las SEDs con la densidad numérica de fuentes. Se incorporan datos observacionales en radio en el HDFS del Australia Telescopio Hubble Deep Field-South para estudiar en detalle su población. Este proyecto realizó observaciones en cuatro longitudes de onda, 20, 11, 6 y 3 cm y alcanza una sensibilidad en rms alrededor de 10 μJy para cada longitud de onda. Utilizando una muestra de 227 fuentes en radio seleccionadas, se realiza una clasificación detallada de la población en AGNs (-loud de radio (9%) y -quiet (46%)), galaxias con formación estelar (SFG; 39%), y galaxias normales (6%), usando los redshifts fotométricos, información en multibanda, un template combinado quasares, índices espectrales, las SEDs derivadas y la dependencia redshift luminosidad. Se confirman los resultados recientes sobre la disribución de AGNs y SFGs. Asimismo las LFs muestran consistencia para las fuentes en radio para z~1.0. Los resultados obtenidos siguen la tendencia de los trabajos previos de los últimos 4 a 5 años en la distribución de las fuentes de radio, y sugiere nuevas metodologías en torno a la caracterizacón la población en radio.
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Alzahrani, Ahmed. "The operational and safety effects of heavy duty vehicles platooning." UNF Digital Commons, 2019. https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/881.

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Abstract Although researchers have studied the effects of platooning, most of the work done so far has focused on fuel consumption. There are a few studies that have targeted the impact of platooning on the highway operations and safety. This thesis focuses on the impact of heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) platooning on highway characteristics. Specifically, this study aims at evaluating the effects of platooning of HDVs on capacity, safety, and CO2 emissions. This study is based on a hypothetical model that was created using the VISSIM software. VISSIM is a powerful simulation software designed to mimic the field traffic flow conditions. For model validity, the model outputs were compared with recommended values from guidelines such as the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) (Transportation Research Board, 2016). VISSIM was used to obtain the simulation results regarding capacity. However, in addition to VISSIM, two other software packages were used to obtain outputs that cannot be assessed in VISSIM. MOVES and SSAM are two simulation software packages that were used for emission and safety metrics, respectively. Both software packages depended on input from VISSIM for analysis. It was found that with the presence of HDVs in the model, the capacity, the emission of CO2, and the safety of the roadway would improve positively. A capacity of 4200 PCE/h/ln could be achieved when there are enough HDVs in platoons. Furthermore, more than 3% of the traffic flow emission of CO2 reduction is possible when 100% of the HDVs used in the model are in platoons. In addition to that, a reduction of more than 75% of the total number of conflicts might be obtained. Furthermore, with the analysis of the full factorial method and the Design of Experiment (DOE) conducted by using Excel and Minitab respectively, it was possible to investigate the impact of the platoons’ factors on the highway parameters. Most of these factors affect the parameters significantly. However, the change in the desired speed was found to insignificantly affect the highway parameters, due to the high penetration rate. Keywords: VISSIM, MOVES, SSAM, COM-interface, HDVs, Platooning, Number of Conflicts
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Careres, Gutierrez Franco Jesus. "Towards an S3-based, DataNode-lessimplementation of HDFS." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-291125.

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The relevance of data processing and analysis today cannot be overstated. The convergence of several technological advancements has fostered the proliferation of systems and infrastructure that together support the generation, transmission, and storage of nearly 15,000 exabytes of digital, analyzabledata. The Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) is an open source system designed to leverage the storage capacity of thousands of servers, and is the file system component of an entire ecosystem of tools to transform and analyze massive data sets. While HDFS is used by organizations of all sizes, smaller ones are not as well-suited to organically grow their clusters to accommodate their ever-expanding data sets and processing needs. This is because larger clusters are concomitant with higher investment in servers, greater rates of failures to recover from, and the need to allocate moreresources in maintenance and administration tasks. This poses a potential limitation down the road for organizations, and it might even deter some from venturing into the data world altogether. This thesis addresses this matter by presenting a novel implementation of HopsFS, an already improved version of HDFS, that requires no user-managed data servers. Instead, it relies on S3, a leading object storage service, for all its user-data storage needs. We compared the performance of both S3-based and regular clusters and found that such architecture is not only feasible, but also perfectly viable in terms of read and write throughputs, in some cases even outperforming its original counterpart. Furthermore, our solution provides first-class elasticity, reliability, and availability, all while being remarkably more affordable.
Relevansen av databehandling och analys idag kan inte överdrivas. Konvergensen av flera tekniska framsteg har främjat spridningen av system och infrastruk-tur som tillsammans stöder generering, överföring och lagring av nästan 15,000 exabyte digitala, analyserbara data. Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) är ett öppen källkodssystem som är utformat för att utnyttja lagringskapaciteten hos tusentals servrar och är filsystemkomponenten i ett helt ekosystem av verktyg för att omvandla och analysera massiva datamängder. HDFS används av organisationer i alla storlekar, men mindre är inte lika lämpade för att organiskt växa sina kluster för att tillgodose deras ständigt växande datamängder och behandlingsbehov. Detta beror på att större kluster är samtidigt med högre investeringar i servrar, större misslyckanden att återhämta sig från och behovet av att avsätta mer resurser i underhålls- och administrationsuppgifter. Detta utgör en potentiell begränsning på vägen för organisationer, och det kan till och med avskräcka en del från att våga sig helt in i datavärlden. Denna avhandling behandlar denna fråga genom att presentera en ny implementering av HopsFS, en redan förbättrad version av HDFS, som inte kräver några användarhanterade dataservrar. Istället förlitar sig det på S3, en ledande objektlagringstjänst, för alla dess användardata lagringsbehov. Vi jämförde prestandan för både S3-baserade och vanliga kluster och fann att sådan arkitektur inte bara är möjlig, utan också helt livskraftig när det gäller läs- och skrivgenomströmningar, i vissa fall till och med bättre än dess ursprungliga motsvarighet. Dessutom ger vår lösning förstklassig elasticitet, tillförlitlighet och tillgänglighet, samtidigt som den är anmärkningsvärt billigare.
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Caceres, Gutierrez Franco Jesus. "Towards an S3-based, DataNode-less implementation of HDFS." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-291125.

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The relevance of data processing and analysis today cannot be overstated. The convergence of several technological advancements has fostered the proliferation of systems and infrastructure that together support the generation, transmission, and storage of nearly 15,000 exabytes of digital, analyzabledata. The Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) is an open source system designed to leverage the storage capacity of thousands of servers, and is the file system component of an entire ecosystem of tools to transform and analyze massive data sets. While HDFS is used by organizations of all sizes, smaller ones are not as well-suited to organically grow their clusters to accommodate their ever-expanding data sets and processing needs. This is because larger clusters are concomitant with higher investment in servers, greater rates of failures to recover from, and the need to allocate moreresources in maintenance and administration tasks. This poses a potential limitation down the road for organizations, and it might even deter some from venturing into the data world altogether. This thesis addresses this matter by presenting a novel implementation of HopsFS, an already improved version of HDFS, that requires no user-managed data servers. Instead, it relies on S3, a leading object storage service, for all its user-data storage needs. We compared the performance of both S3-based and regular clusters and found that such architecture is not only feasible, but also perfectly viable in terms of read and write throughputs, in some cases even outperforming its original counterpart. Furthermore, our solution provides first-class elasticity, reliability, and availability, all while being remarkably more affordable.
Relevansen av databehandling och analys idag kan inte överdrivas. Konvergensen av flera tekniska framsteg har främjat spridningen av system och infrastruk-tur som tillsammans stöder generering, överföring och lagring av nästan 15,000 exabyte digitala, analyserbara data. Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) är ett öppen källkodssystem som är utformat för att utnyttja lagringskapaciteten hos tusentals servrar och är filsystemkomponenten i ett helt ekosystem av verktyg för att omvandla och analysera massiva datamängder. HDFS används av organisationer i alla storlekar, men mindre är inte lika lämpade för att organiskt växa sina kluster för att tillgodose deras ständigt växande datamängder och behandlingsbehov. Detta beror på att större kluster är samtidigt med högre investeringar i servrar, större misslyckanden att återhämta sig från och behovet av att avsätta mer resurser i underhålls- och administrationsuppgifter. Detta utgör en potentiell begränsning på vägen för organisationer, och det kan till och med avskräcka en del från att våga sig helt in i datavärlden. Denna avhandling behandlar denna fråga genom att presentera en ny implementering av HopsFS, en redan förbättrad version av HDFS, som inte kräver några användarhanterade dataservrar. Istället förlitar sig det på S3, en ledande objektlagringstjänst, för alla dess användardata lagringsbehov. Vi jämförde prestandan för både S3-baserade och vanliga kluster och fann att sådan arkitektur inte bara är möjlig, utan också helt livskraftig när det gäller läs- och skrivgenomströmningar, i vissa fall till och med bättre än dess ursprungliga motsvarighet. Dessutom ger vår lösning förstklassig elasticitet, tillförlitlighet och tillgänglighet, samtidigt som den är anmärkningsvärt billigare.
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Wang, Xiaojing. "Cost- benefit Models for HDV Platooning." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-200533.

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Bonds, August. "Hash-based Eventual Consistency to Scale the HDFS Block Report." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-222363.

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The architecture of the distributed hierarchical file system HDFS imposes limitations on its scalability. All metadata is stored in-memory on a single machine, and in practice, this limits the cluster size to about 4000 servers. Larger HDFS clusters must resort to namespace federation which divides the filesystem into isolated volumes and changes the semantics of cross-volume filesystem operations (for example, file move becomes a non-atomic combination of copy and delete). Ideally, organizations want to consolidate their data in as few clusters and namespaces as possible to avoid such issues and increase operating efficiency, utility, and maintenance. HopsFS, a new distribution of HDFS developed at KTH, uses an in-memory distributed database for storing metadata. It scales to 10k nodes and has shown that in principle it can support clusters of at least 15 times the size of traditional non-federated HDFS clusters. However, an eventually consistent data loss protection mechanism in HDFS, called the Block Report protocol, prevents HopsFS from reaching its full potential. This thesis provides a solution to scaling the Block Report protocol for HopsFS that uses an incremental, hash-based eventual consistency mechanism to avoid duplicated work. In the average case, our simulations indicate that the solution can reduce the load on the database by an order of magnitude at the cost of less than 10 percent overhead on file mutations while performing similarly to the old solution in the worst case.
Det distribuerade, hierarkiska filsystemet Apache HDFS arkitektur begränsar dess skalbarhet. All metadata lagras i minnet i ett av klustrets noder, och i praktiken begränsar detta ett HDFS-klusters storlek till ungefär 4000 noder. Större kluster tvingas partitionera filsystemet i isolerade delar, vilket förändrar beteendet vid operationer som korsar partitionens gränser (exempelvis fil-flytter blir ickeatomära kombinationer av kopiera och radera). I idealfallet kan organisationer sammanslå alla sina lagringslösningar i ett och samma filträd för att undvika sådana beteendeförändringar och därför minska administrationen, samt öka användningen av den hårdvara de väljer att behålla. HopsFS är en ny utgåva av Apache HDFS, utvecklad på KTH, som använder en minnesbaserad distribuerad databaslösning för att lagra metadata. Lösningen kan hantera en klusterstorlek på 10000 noder och har visat att det i princip kan stöda klusterstorlekar på upp till femton gånger Apache HDFS. Ett av de hinder som kvarstår för att HopsFS ska kunna nå dessa nivåer är en så-småningom-konsekvent algoritm för dataförlustskydd i Apache HDFS som kallas Block Report. Detta arbete föreslår en lösning för att öka skalbarheten i HDFS Block Report som använder sig av en hash-baserad så-småningom-konsekvent mekanism för att undvika dubbelt arbete. Simuleringar indikerar att den nya lösningen i genomsnitt kan minska trycket på databasen med en hel storleksordning, till en prestandakostnad om mindre än tio procent på filsystemets vanliga operationer, medan databasanvändningen i värsta-fallet är jämförbart med den gamla lösningen.
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Quilfen, Cyril. "Supercritical fluids synthesis, characterization and test of HDS catalysts : Assessment of criticality of metals contained in HDS catalysts." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0405/document.

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Dans un contexte environnemental où les législations concernant la teneur ensoufre présent dans les coupes pétrolières sont de plus en plus drastiques, le développementde nouveaux catalyseurs toujours plus actifs est donc nécessaire. Cette augmentation del´activité catalytique est possible à plusieurs niveaux dont, par exemple, par l´utilisation denouveaux procédés de synthèse tel que l´emploi de la voie fluides supercritiques. Dans unpremier temps, l´objectif est d´étudier les éléments utilisés pour préparer ces catalyseurs afind´avoir une vision plus large des réserves, des utilisations, des possibilités de substitutions…La criticité de ces éléments a donc été évaluée par le biais de plusieurs indicateurs. Dans unsecond temps, la compréhension de la synthèse de catalyseurs d´hydrodésulfuration (HDS) aété étudiée. Pour cela des expériences utilisant différents solvants et précurseurs métalliquesont été suivies via des analyses in situ Raman. Après avoir défini les résultats les plusprobants, le procédé de préparation de catalyseurs HDS assisté par le CO2 supercritique(scCO2) a été optimisé à travers une étude paramétrique. Pour cela, la température, lapression, le solvant d´imprégnation, le ratio entre CO2 et solvant d´imprégnation, le temps deréaction et le chargement en métaux ont été variés. Les matériaux obtenus ont ensuite étéfinement caractérisés (microscopie, DRX, Raman, ICP, microsonde) avant d´être activés parsulfuration et testés dans différentes réactions catalytiques (hydrogénation du toluène,hydrodésulfuration du dibenzothiophène et du 4,6-diméthyldibenzothiophène)
In an environmental context where legislations concerning the sulfur content in oilare increasingly drastic, the research for new and ever more active catalysts is necessary. Thisincrease of the catalytic activity is possible at several levels, for example, with the use of novelsynthetic processes such as the use of the supercritical fluids route. In a first stage, theobjective is to study the elements used to prepare these catalysts in order to have a broaderview of the reserves, the uses, the possibility of substitutions ... The criticality of these elementshas therefore been evaluated by means of several indicators. In a second stage, theunderstanding of the synthesis of hydrodesulfurization catalysts (HDS) was studied. For thispurpose, experiments using different solvents and metallic precursors were followed by in situRaman analyses. After defining the most convincing results, the process for preparing HDScatalysts assisted by supercritical CO2 medium (scCO2) was optimized through a parametricstudy. For this, temperature, pressure, impregnation solvent, ratio of CO2 to impregnationsolvent, reaction time and metal loading were varied. The materials obtained were thencharacterized (microscopy, DRX, Raman, ICP, microprobe) before being activated bysulfidation and tested in various catalytic reactions (hydrogenation of toluene,hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene and 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene)
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Hantzer, Sylvain. "Nouveaux matériaux pour la réaction d'hydrodésulfuration (HDS)." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37614274n.

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Books on the topic "HDVs"

1

Eagle, Douglas Spotted. HDV: What you need to know. Stockton, Utah: VASST/Sundance Media Group, 2004.

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Video shooter: Storytelling with DV, HD, and HDV cameras. San Francisco, CA: CMPBooks, 2005.

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Daymond, D. R. Data management within the hydrogeology data acquisition system (HDAS) by D.R. Daymond. Pinawa, Man: AECL, Whiteshell Laboratories, 1994.

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Reynolds, William Michael. HDI -- Hamilton Depression Inventory: A self-report version of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) : professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources, 1995.

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Martin, C. Examination of the HDS in conjunction with a FWS treating landfill leachate preliminary design. S.l: s.n, 1993.

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Gabathuler, Simon. Video Digital - das Filmhandbuch: [Drehbuch, Videotechnik, Filmpraxis, Ausrüstung, Beleuchtung, Bildgestaltung, Audio, Schnitttechnik, Filmgestaltung, Effekte, DVD-Authoring, HDV]. München: Markt+Technik, 2007.

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Gonzalez, Barb. The home electronics survival guide: The simple guide to understanding, hooking up, and buying TV's HDTVs, DVDs, DVRs, home theater, remote controls and more. [Cedar Ridge, CA: Home Electronics Survival], 2005.

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Yuqin, Ma, ed. Zhongguo yi yao wei sheng ti zhi gai ge xun zheng jue ce yan jiu: Ji yu (1+n) HDS fu za mo xing ti xi = Research on Chinese health delivery system reform using evidence-informed policy making : based on (1+n) HDS complex modeling system. Beijing: Ke xue chu ban she, 2011.

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Yuqin, Ma, ed. Zhongguo yi yao wei sheng ti zhi gai ge xun zheng jue ce yan jiu: Ji yu (1+n) HDS fu za mo xing ti xi = Research on Chinese health delivery system reform using evidence-informed policy making : based on (1+n) HDS complex modeling system. Beijing: Ke xue chu ban she, 2011.

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Dirgahayu, Paramasari. Molecular epidemiology database of HIV, HBV, HCV, HDV, HTLV-1/2, and TTV in Central of Java, Indonesia: Final report international research collaboration and international publication. [Surakarta]: Sebelas Maret Univ., 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "HDVs"

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Peter, Helga, and Thomas Penzel. "HDRS." In Springer Reference Medizin, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54672-3_532-1.

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Vohra, Deepak. "HDFS and MapReduce." In Practical Hadoop Ecosystem, 163–205. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-2199-0_2.

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Drechsler, Rolf. "Verification of HDLs." In Formal Verification of Circuits, 157–64. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3184-2_8.

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Vohra, Deepak. "Apache HBase and HDFS." In Apache HBase Primer, 9–43. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-2424-3_2.

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Park, Seonyoung, and Youngseok Lee. "Secure Hadoop with Encrypted HDFS." In Grid and Pervasive Computing, 134–41. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38027-3_14.

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Chen, Francis F., and Jane P. Chang. "Helicon Wave Sources and HDPs." In Lecture Notes on Principles of Plasma Processing, 61–69. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0181-7_8.

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Vollenweider, Peter, Arnold von Eckardstein, and Christian Widmann. "HDLs, Diabetes, and Metabolic Syndrome." In High Density Lipoproteins, 405–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09665-0_12.

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Hughes, Claire, and Gillian Saieva. "The Journey of Higher Degree Apprenticeships." In Applied Pedagogies for Higher Education, 243–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46951-1_11.

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Abstract Hughes and Saieva outline the history and rationale of the development of Higher Degree Apprenticeships (HDAs) as well as explore how to embed the real world ideologies to innovate curriculum. The necessity of strong support structures across the tripartite relationship to best meet the requirements of both apprentices and employers are also emphasised. The chapter will also review the added value that HDAs bring, not only to the individual apprentices, but to the organisations too, with the use of case studies and feedback from employers on the impact that the apprentice’s work-based learning journey. Reflections are provided on the lessons learnt so far and the chapter presents some of the main areas for consideration.
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Yurdaydin, Cihan. "Acute HBV/HDV Infection." In Viral Hepatitis: Acute Hepatitis, 67–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03535-8_5.

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Ehling, A., B. Gierten, and T. Arndt. "Hepatitis D-Virus (HDV)." In Springer Reference Medizin, 1098–99. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48986-4_1430.

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Conference papers on the topic "HDVs"

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Vellamattathil Baby, Tinu, Pouria Karimi Shahri, Amir H. Ghasemi, and Baisravan HomChaudhuri. "Suggestion-Based Fuel Efficient Control of Connected and Automated Vehicles." In ASME 2020 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2020-3193.

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Abstract This paper presents a suggestion-based fuel efficient controller for connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) in presence of human-driven vehicles (HDVs). The suggestion-based controller, apart from evaluating the fuel efficient control solution of the host CAV, provides suggested velocity commands to the HDVs so that the fuel efficiency of itself or the group can improve. We assume that in the connected vehicle system, the HDVs are also able to receive information though Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) communication and they always try to follow the suggested commands. The suggestion-based control provides additional decision variables to the CAVs with which they can influence the actions of the HDVs and hence improve the fuel efficiency of the whole group. The controller is implemented in a model predictive control (MPC) framework where the suggested command velocities are held constant over some prescribed time so that the driver gets enough time to reach the suggested command velocities. For this control method to function, we present a model that captures the response of a HDV to different suggested-commands. The parameters of the model is obtained from a table-top drive simulator. The accuracy of this model is also validated with the experimental data (table-top drive simulator) and the results are presented in this paper. Simulation studies for the control strategies show the efficacy of the proposed control strategy when compared with existing baseline methods.
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Zamboni, G., S. Malfettani, M. André, C. Carraro, S. Marelli, and M. Capobianco. "Characterization of Driving Patterns and Operations of Heavy Duty Vehicles in a Port Area and Their Influence on Exhaust Emissions and Fuel Consumption Evaluation Through Different Emission Models." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-86303.

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An experimental and theoretical investigation is being performed with a view to evaluate the contribution of Heavy duty vehicles (HDVs) to exhaust emissions and fuel consumption in urban areas involved by commercial shipping activities. Reference is made to the city of Genoa, whose urban road network is influenced both by shipping activities and highway connections, as more than twenty accesses to port area and seven motorway exits are available within the urban area. Different aspects were deepened in this study. Firstly, the HDV flows crossing highway exits, urban zones and port areas were assessed, as well as the relevant vehicle classes. Secondly, the typical urban trips linking highway exits to port gates and the HDV mission profiles within the port area were identified. Measurements of HDV instantaneous speed related to the urban trips were then planned aiming at the definition of the most representative speed patterns through a proper statistical data processing, enabling the application of Passenger Car and Heavy Duty Emission Model (PHEM) for the estimation of emission and fuel consumption factors for selected HDV classes. The main results of the different investigation steps are presented and discussed in the paper, outlining the peculiar mission of HDVs in port area and the related emissive behavior.
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Cui, T., I. Vasconcelos, J. E. Rickett, and M. J. Williams. "Marchenko Redatuming of the Hdvs Signal." In 79th EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2017. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201700744.

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He, Yi, Duanfeng Chu, Xiao-Yun Lu, Chaozhong Wu, and Xinyu Liu. "Probabilistic assessment for HDVs rollover using second order reliability method." In 2017 4th International Conference on Transportation Information and Safety (ICTIS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ictis.2017.8047746.

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Molteni, D., M. Williams, and C. Wilson. "Comparison of Microseismic Events Concurrently Acquired with Geophones and hDVS." In 78th EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2016. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201601260.

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Daigle, Marc T. "Application of high-definition video systems (HDVS r) for multispectral reconnaissance." In SPIE's International Symposium on Optical Engineering and Photonics in Aerospace Sensing, edited by Ivan Cindrich, Nancy DelGrande, Sankaran Gowrinathan, Peter B. Johnson, and James F. Shanley. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.179948.

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Guerra, R., T. Cuny, T. Kimura, R. Rufino, J. Danielsen, and W. Kamp. "hDVS/DAS VSP Recorded while Logging Formation Tester in Vertical Well, Offshore Norway." In First EAGE Workshop on Fibre Optic Sensing. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202030027.

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Guerra, R., T. Cuny, T. Kimura, R. Rufino, J. Danielsen, and W. Kamp. "hDVS/DAS VSP Recorded While Logging Formation Tester in Vertical Well, Offshore Norway." In EAGE 2020 Annual Conference & Exhibition Online. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202011969.

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He, Yuhua, Arpan Mukherjee, and Rahul Rai. "Analysis of Hybrid Dynamical Systems With Uncertainty in Initial Conditions." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46111.

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Hybrid dynamical systems (HDS) models are backbone of modeling a myriad of systems found in systems engineering, buildings, manufacturing, auto-pilot control, and chemical processes domains among others. Uncertainty quantification (UQ) techniques to ascertain output variability in HDS with parametric uncertainty is relatively understudied topic. In this paper, we present a novel method to enable UQ of HDSs. Specifically, we outline a computational pipeline to solve different types of Stochastic Hybrid Systems (SHS) with uncertainty in initial conditions. The developed method is based on a numerical integration technique Conjugate Unscented Transform (CUT) and discrete UQ technique. The developed method has been applied to different range of problems including theoretical problems and real life mechanical systems modeled in Simulink environment. Performance of the proposed method has been compared against Monte Carlo and Unscented Transform methods. Results indicate superior performance of the proposed technique over the existing methods.
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Kun Lu, Dong Dai, and Mingming Sun. "HDFS+: Concurrent Writes Improvements for HDFS." In 2013 13th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing (CCGrid). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccgrid.2013.41.

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Reports on the topic "HDVs"

1

Whiteside, T. HDTS 2017.1 Testing and Verification Document. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1414385.

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Whiteside, Tad S. HDTS 2017.0 Testing and verification document. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1374368.

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Goldstein, Justin, Charles Hammock, Ralph Liu, Jacob Janz, Clyburn Cunningham, and Mitchell Rimerman. Offloading Calculations to Computational Storage Devices: Spark and HDFS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1813800.

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Chan, Zhie X. (Derrick). Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems (HDSS) Asia Network Meeting Meeting Report. United Nations University International Institute for Global Health, March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37941/mr-f/2020-1.

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Burk, J. A. Comparison of air and water quenching of HDS slugs. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/353214.

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Brown, J. R. A review of surface spectroscopic techniques and their application to hydrodesulphurization (HDS) catalyst research al CANMET's energy research laboratories. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/302615.

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Reynolds, Michael A. Organometallic Modeling of the Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) Process: Rhenium Carbonyl-promoted C-S Bond Cleavage and Hydrogenation of Thiophenes and Benozothiophenes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/764628.

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