Relevant bibliographies by topics / Head size ratio

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  1. Journal articles

Academic literature on the topic 'Head size ratio'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 May 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Head size ratio"

1

Taura, Tomoyuki, Masao Noguchi, Seiji Tsuji, Hirofumi Dokawa, Ai Mori, and Narihiro Okazaki. "Review of Enlargement Ratio of the Femoral Head: Using a Ring to Decide Femoral Head Size." Orthopedics & Traumatology 57, no. 4 (2008): 548–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5035/nishiseisai.57.548.

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2

Baker, Robert L., and Blair W. Feltmate. "Development of Ischnura verticalis (Coenagrionidae: Odonata): Effects of Temperature and Prey Abundance." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 44, no. 9 (1987): 1658–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f87-202.

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Increased food availability increased rate of development within an instar, head width ratio (ratio of headwidth of later instar over head width in previous instar), and weight per unit head width of newly molted larval Ischnura verticalis (Say) (Coenagrionidae: Odonata) reared in the laboratory. Temperature affected rate of development but not weight per unit head width or head width ratio. Mortality was not affected by any treatment. Rate of development was negatively correlated with both weight per unit head width and head width ratio. Results suggest that the developmental process has evolved to reduce risks associated with small size at the expense of a more rapid development.
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3

Waddell, Bradford S., Chelsea Koch, Myra Trivellas, Jayme C. Burket, Timothy Wright, and Douglas Padgett. "Have large femoral heads reduced prosthetic impingement in total hip arthroplasty?" HIP International 29, no. 1 (2018): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1120700018761153.

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Background: Prosthetic impingement is implicated in dislocation after total hip arthroplasty (THA). While use of larger diameter femoral heads reduces the incidence of dislocation, the effect of larger heads upon impingement rate is unknown. We assessed retrieved THA components for evidence of impingement to determine if large femoral heads reduced the rate of impingement in primary THA and what factors might influence impingement. Methods: Liners from 97 primary THAs retrieved at revision arthroplasty were scored for evidence of impingement, defined as wear or deformation on the rim of the component. Component inclination and version were measured from anteroposterior and cross-table lateral radiographs. Results: Independent of revision diagnosis, 77% of liners demonstrated evidence of impingement. Impingement was less prevalent and less severe as head size increased. Severe impingement was observed in 50% of the liners with 28-mm heads, 15% of liners with 32-mm heads, and 21% of liners with 36-mm heads. Regardless of head size, 76% of liners revised for instability demonstrated impingement. Decreased head-neck ratio, use of an elevated liner, increased length of implantation, and increased version were associated with increased severity of impingement. Discussion: We showed that larger head sizes are associated with decreased incidence of impingement on retrieved acetabular liners when compared to smaller head sizes. Larger heads have reduced but not eliminated impingement, which remains a potential source of instability.
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Jia, Xiang, Jian Sheng Liu, Hong Ping An, and Min Qin. "Forming Technology and Simulation of Large Head Forgings." Key Engineering Materials 831 (February 2020): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.831.64.

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Head forging is an indispensable part of major technical equipment, which is required to produce high quality products because of its large volume and complex structure and long service under high temperature and high pressure. By means of DEFORM-3D numerical simulation and scaling experiment, the dynamic recrystallization dynamics model of SA508-3CL steel is established. Meanwhile, the head forming scheme is designed. The effects of different blank height-diameter ratio size, punch shape size and upper and lower die matching relationship on forging forming are emphatically analyzed. Finally, the reasonable head forming scheme is determined, and the 1:8 head forming scale test is carried out. The results show that the size of the head forging basically coincides with the design size and meets the load of the hydraulic press, which proves the rationality of the forming process of the head. The study provides a theoretical basis for the manufacture of the same type of large variable wall thickness head forgings.
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5

Suzuki, Hidenori, Shintaro Beppu, Daisuke Nishikawa, Hoshino Terada, Michi Sawabe, and Nobuhiro Hanai. "Lymph Node Ratio in Head and Neck Cancer with Submental Flap Reconstruction." Biomedicines 10, no. 11 (2022): 2923. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10112923.

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This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the lymph node ratio (LNR) and survival results of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) reconstructed by a submental artery flap (SMAF) to limit tumor size. This study retrospectively recruited 49 patients with HNSCC who underwent both primary resection and neck dissection with SMAF reconstruction. The LNR was the ratio of the number of metastatic lymph nodes to the sum number of examined lymph nodes. A LNR of 0.04 was the best cut-off value for HNSCC-specific death on receiver operating curve analysis. Patients with LNRs > 0.04 were univariately related to cancer-specific, disease-free, distant metastasis-free, and locoregional recurrence-free survival than those with LNRs ≤ 0.04 by log-rank test. In a Cox’s proportional hazards model with hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) adjusting for pathological stage, extranodal extension and or surgical margins, the LNR (>0.04/≤0.04) predicted multivariate shorter cancer-specific (HR = 9.24, 95% CI = 1.49–176), disease-free (HR = 3.44, 95% CI = 1.23–10.3), and distant metastasis-free (HR = 9.76, 95% CI = 1.57–187) survival. In conclusion, LNR for patients of HNSCC with SMAF reconstruction for limited tumor size was a prognostic factor for survival outcomes.
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6

Ai, Heng Yu, Ming Ming Wang, Lu Han, Burigude, Bo Wei, and Yan Qiu Jia. "Features on Head Loss of Flocculation Tank Installed with Small Mesh Grid." Advanced Materials Research 777 (September 2013): 424–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.777.424.

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Small mesh grid is mostly used as flocculation equipment in present water plant, and its head loss is closely related to flocculation effect. Flocculation tank installed with several grid groups in different mesh sizes were tested with a view to evaluating its head loss characteristics, including the frictional and local head losses. The tests were carried out at pilot scale, using a steel tank as flocculation basin. The grids are made of plastic material and the cross section size of the grid trips is 7 mm in width and 2 mm in height. The results indicate that relative roughness is most associated with frictional resistance coefficient (FRC), whereas Reynolds number was unrelated to that. The ratio of frictional head loss to total head loss of the basin does not vary with the variation of channel velocity, and the ratio is always less than 6% in this case. Local resistance coefficient (LRC) decreases with the increase of mesh size. In order to improve the utilization rate of head loss, the preferred mesh size of the grid should be 30-40 mm. The optimal space between the neighboring grid layers can maximize the utilization of turbulent kinetic energy loss generated by grids.
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7

VERDADE, L. M. "Regression equations between body and head measurements in the broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris)." Revista Brasileira de Biologia 60, no. 3 (2000): 469–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-71082000000300012.

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In the present study, regression equations between body and head length measurements for the broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris) are presented. Age and sex are discussed as sources of variation for allometric models. Four body-length, fourteen head-length, and ten ratio variables were taken from wild and captive animals. With the exception of body mass, log-transformation did not improve the regression equations. Besides helping to estimate body-size from head dimensions, the regression equations stressed skull shape changes during the ontogenetic process. All age-dependent variables are also size-dependent (and consequently dependent on growth rate), which is possibly related to the difficulty in predicting age of crocodilians based on single variable growth curves. Sexual dimorphism was detected in the allometric growth of cranium but not in the mandible, which may be evolutionarily related to the visual recognition of gender when individuals exhibit only the top of their heads above the surface of the water, a usual crocodilian behavior.
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8

Rumrich, Isabell Katharina, Otto Hänninen, Matti Viluksela, and Kirsi Vähäkangas. "Effect of Grandmaternal Smoking on Body Size and Proportions at Birth." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (2021): 4985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094985.

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Many long-term adverse effects of smoking during pregnancy are known. Increasingly, adverse effects in the grandchild after grandmaternal smoking during pregnancy are reported. We explored this in a birth cohort of 24,000 grandmother–mother–child triads identified from the Finnish Medical Birth Register in 1991–2016. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the association between any smoking during pregnancy by both grandmother and mother, or only grandmother or mother on adverse birth outcomes. No smoking by neither grandmother nor mother was used as the reference. As endpoints, preterm birth, low birth weight, small for gestational age (birth weight, birth length, head circumference), and body proportionality (low ponderal index, high brain-to-body ratio, high head-to-length ratio) were included. Smoking by both grandmother and mother was consistently associated with higher risks than smoking only by the mother. Birth length and weight were especially sensitive to (grand)maternal smoking. In conclusion, the combined effect of grandmaternal and maternal smoking is associated with higher risks than only maternal smoking.
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9

Willigenburg, NW, RA Bouma, VAB Scholtes, VPM van der Hulst, DFP van Deurzen, and MPJ van den Bekerom. "Does the innate relative size of the humeral head and glenoid affect the risk of anterior shoulder instability?" Shoulder & Elbow 11, no. 6 (2018): 424–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1758573218805099.

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Background Bony lesions after shoulder dislocation reduce the joint contact area and increase the risk of recurrent instability. It is unknown whether the innate relative sizes of the humeral head and glenoid may predispose patients to shoulder instability. This study evaluated whether anterior shoulder instability is associated with a larger innate humeral head/glenoid ratio (IHGR). Methods We evaluated CT scans of 40 shoulders with anterior shoulder instability and 48 controls. We measured axial humeral head diameter and glenoid diameter following native contours, discarding any bony lesions, and calculated IHGR by dividing both diameters. Multivariate logistic regression determined whether the IHGR, corrected for age and gender as potential confounders, was associated with anterior shoulder instability. Results Mean IHGR was 1.48 ± 0.23 in the group with anterior shoulder instability and 1.42 ± 0.20 in the group without anterior shoulder instability. Measurements for axial humeral head and axial glenoid diameters demonstrated excellent intra-rater reliability (ICC range: 0.94–0.95). IHGR was not significantly associated with anterior shoulder instability (OR = 1.105, 95%CI = 0.118–10.339, p = 0.930). Discussion The innate ratio of humeral head and glenoid diameters was not significantly associated with anterior shoulder instability in this retrospective sample of 88 shoulder CT scans.
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10

Moskalenko, Valentyna A., and Valeriy P. Kolosha. "Some aspects of evaluating the cost efficiency level in dairy farming." Socio-Economic Problems of the Modern Period of Ukraine, no. 6(146) (2020): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.36818/2071-4653-2020-6-18.

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The problems related to the level of economic efficiency of dairy farming depending on the level of production intensity are analyzed. The paper emphasizes that the theory of costs is one of the basic in economics and the object of constant attention of scientists. The objective of the study is to assess the impact of the level of costs per cow on the efficiency of milk production and test the relative cost efficiency ratio on the example of a set of enterprises. The agricultural enterprises of Harkivska oblast selling milk as part of their marketable products are the object of the study. The set of studied enterprises is divided into five groups with a cost level from UAH 30,000 per cow to more than UAH 60,000 per cow. A clear relationship between the level of costs and the size of enterprises is found. The dependence shows that enterprises with higher production intensities have more livestock and agricultural land. In the group with a cost level of up to UAH 30,000 per head, one enterprise has on average 157 heads and 1,805 hectares of agricultural land, in the group with a cost level of more than UAH 60,000/head – 559 heads and 4,266 hectares of agricultural land. The paper also establishes that the level of costs per cow very closely determines the level of its productivity. In the group with a cost level of up to UAH 30,000 per head, the average productivity of animals was 4,257 kg/head, in the group with a cost level of UAH 40,000 to UAH 50,000 per head – 6,787 kg/head, and with a cost level of over UAH 60,000 per head – 10,178 kg/head. Approbation of the proposed relative cost efficiency ratio made it possible to establish that this parameter allows assessing both economic and technological efficiency of milk production. The value of the relative cost efficiency ratio in terms of income was over 1 in 38 enterprises and, accordingly, less than 1 – in 39 enterprises. The value of the relative cost efficiency ratio in terms of productivity was over 1 in 23 enterprises and lower in 54 enterprises.
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