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Hietasalo, P. (Pauliina). "Behavioral and economic aspects of caries control." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2010. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514263453.
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Abstract The aim was to determine the association between baseline factors, such as oral health-related behavior, attitudes, knowledge and beliefs in relation to caries increment during a randomized clinical trial (RCT). A further aim was to evaluate treatment costs and health outcomes during and after the RCT. In Pori Finland, 11- to 12-year-old children with active initial caries lesion(s) participated in the RCT in 2001–05. The experimental group (n=250) received multiple measures for controlling caries. The control group (n=247) received standard dental care. In 2005–08, all received standard dental care. Regression analyses were used to study the associations between behavioral factors and caries increment. Cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted (trial period), and costs and health outcomes as well as dental service utilization were evaluated (post-trial period). In the experimental group, brushing teeth twice a day was indicative of developing no new caries lesions, whereas eating candy at least once a day, predicted new lesions. In the experimental and control groups, lack of concern about cavities and lack of knowledge about mother’s dental health predicted new caries lesions. The average incremental cost for averting one DMF surface was €34. The experimental regimen was more effective and more costly than the standard dental care. The total costs decreased year after year. The mean total cost per adolescent was lower and the clinical outcome was better among the former participants in the experimental group. The utilization of dental services was significantly more regular among the former participants in this group. It may be feasible to control caries more effectively by affecting toothbrushing, candy eating and oral health-related attitudes, as preventive procedures may be ineffective if those factors are not in order. It is important to discuss oral health-related topics in families, because this may improve the oral health-related behavior of children. Cost-effectiveness of regimen used for the experimental group may be improved by division of work or by selective reduction of preventive procedures. Well-timed caries control can decrease treatment cost and yield long-term improvement of dental healthTiivistelmä Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää satunnaistetun kliinisen kokeen alussa rekisteröityjen suunterveyteen liittyvien tapojen, tietojen, asenteiden, uskomusten ja karieskertymän välisiä yhteyksiä. Lisäksi arvioitiin hoitokustannuksia ja hoidollisia tuloksia sekä kokeen ajalta että kokeen jälkeiseltä ajalta. Ne 11–12-vuotiaat lapset, joilla oli ainakin yksi alkava aktiivinen kariesvaurio, osallistuivat kokeeseen Porissa vuosina 2001–05. Koeryhmän lapset (n=250) saivat tehostettua ehkäisevää hoitoa ja kontrolliryhmän lapset (n=247) tavanomaista hammashoitoa. Kaikki saivat tavanomaista hammashoitoa vuosina 2005–08. Käyttäytymisellisten tekijöiden ja karieskertymän välisiä yhteyksiä tutkittiin regressioanalyysien avulla. Kustannusvaikuttavuusanalyysi tehtiin kokeen ajalta. Hoitokustannuksia ja hoidollisia tuloksia sekä palveluiden käyttöä arvioitiin kokeen jälkeiseltä ajalta. Lapsilla, jotka harjasivat vähintään kaksi kertaa päivässä, oli yleensä ehjät hampaat, kun taas lapsilla, jotka söivät päivittäin makeisia, oli useasti reikiä. Huolettomuus reikiintymistä kohtaan ja tietämättömyys äidin hampaiden kunnosta näkyi lasten hampaiden reikiintymisenä. Yhden hammaspinnan säästyminen paikkaukselta maksoi keskimäärin 34 €. Koeryhmän saama hoito oli vaikuttavampaa, mutta kalliimpaa kuin kontrolliryhmän saama hoito. Kokonaiskustannukset laskivat vuosi vuodelta. Keskimääräiset hoitokustannukset olivat pienemmät ja hammasterveys parempi entisen koeryhmän jäsenillä kuin kontrolliryhmäläisillä. Myös palveluiden käyttö oli säännöllisempää koeryhmässä. Karieksen hallintaa voidaan todennäköisesti tehostaa vaikuttamalla hampaiden harjaukseen, makeisten syöntiin ja suunterveyteen liittyviin asenteisiin. On tärkeää varmistaa, että nämä asiat ovat kunnossa, koska ehkäisevät toimenpiteet saattavat muuten jäädä tehottomiksi. Suunterveyteen liittyvistä asioista olisi hyvä keskustella perheissä, koska asioiden esillä pitäminen voi vaikuttaa suotuisasti lasten terveystapoihin. Koeryhmän saaman hoito-ohjelman kustannusvaikuttavuutta voisi todennäköisesti parantaa muuttamalla suunterveydenhuollon henkilöstön työnjakoa tai karsimalla valikoiden ehkäisevien toimenpiteiden määrää. Oikea-aikainen karieksen hallinta voi vähentää hoitokustannuksia ja lisätä hammasterveyttä pitkällä aikavälillä
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Grover, Simran. "Racial disparities in dental care provided at community health center clinics." Thesis, Boston University, 2008. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/37812.
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Thesis (MSD)--Boston University, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, 2008 (Dept. of Health Policy and Health Services Research).Includes bibliography: leaves 44-48.
0bjective: The objective of this study is to detemine if there are differences by race or ethnicity in dental care provided at community health center clinics resulting in oral health disparities. This study also provides detailed information about the types of dental procedures received by patients at community health center clinics. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study design, consisting of a convenience sample of patients seen and care provided by senior dental students during their ten-week externship at twenty one Boston University Goldman School of Dental Medicine affiliated community health center clinics. The data collected was analyzed SAS version 9.1. Frequencies for categorical variables, means for continuous variable, bivariate analyses and generalized models of logistic regression analysis were performed with the main dependent variable of interest being patient’s race/ethnicity. Results: The total sample was 62,112 observations, of which 56% were females. Regression analysis found that Blacks were 1.23 times and Asians and others were 1.09 times more likely to get diagnostic procedures than Whites. Hispanics were just as likely to receive diagnostic procedures as Whites. Blacks, Hispanics, Asians and others were more likely to get preventive procedures when compared to Whites (p[less than or equal to]0.0001 ). Blacks were less likely to get restorative procedures than Whites (p[less than or equal to]0.0001) whereas Hispanics were as likely to get restorative procedures as Whites. Further generalized logistic regression models to predict specific procedures were performed which indicates that Blacks were 1.99 times, Hispanics were 1.72 times, Asians and others were 1.21 times more likely to get amalgam restorations compared to composite restorations than Whites. However, Blacks were as likely to get root canal therapy compared to extractions as Whites whereas Hispanics were 27% and Asians and others were 37% more likely to get root canal therapy versus extractions than Whites (p[less than or equal to]0.0001). Blacks were 0.55 times, Asians and others were 0.37 times less likely to receive fixed partial dentures compared to removable partial dentures than Whites (p[less than or equal to]0.0001) whereas Hispanics were just as likely to receive fixed Partial dentures as Whites. Conclusion: Disparities were seen in the receipt of dental services provided such as diagnostic, preventive, and restorative procedures based on race at community health center clinics. This surprising finding related to community health center clinics indicate the need for future research focused on reasons for these disparities as community health center clinics are primary care providers for underserved populations.
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Percy, Daphne H. "A study of five Cincinnati Health Department dental clinics an assessment of emergency dental patients needs /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=ucin1029530616.
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Percy, Daphne Helen. "A Study of Five Cincinnati Health Department Dental Clinics: An Assessment of Emergency Dental Patients Needs." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1029530616.
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Drescher, Lisa, Julia Klemp, and Oskar Lindh. "The Path towards Excellence : Business Excellence in Swedish Dental Clinics." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-15957.
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Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to determine whether Swedish dental clinics apply parts of Business Excellence models in their business operations and whether or not they are aware of doing so. The framework for this survey will be based on the success factors that we identify in the Swiss dental clinic Frenkenklinik AG, which is known to effectively apply theories behind Business Excellence. Background: An extensive range of research has been carried out regarding Business Excellence and its effect on manufacturing, service companies and even healthcare. Still, there is a lack of studies on how Business Excellence can change and improve the dental care sector. However, there is a clinic in Switzerland that has not only implemented Business Excellence, but done it so well as to win the prestigious EFQM Excellence Award. Therefore, we want to investigate what Frenkenklinik AG does, that makes them so successful and if dental clinics in Sweden are applying Business Excellence and if they are aware of the fact that what they do could be considered Business Excellence. Method: In order to answer the purpose of our thesis we had to employ a mixed method approach. We required a qualitative approach, in the form of semi-structured interviews, in order to find the factors that make Frenkenklinik AG so successful in their application of Business Excellence. After this, we used a quantitative method when surveying whether Swedish dental clinics employ activities that are part of a Business Excellence approach. Conclusion: In conclusion, we have identified five factors that have made Frenkenklinik successful at using Business Excellence. We then have found that Swedish dental clinics are certainly using parts of Business Excellence; however, they are not aware of actually having a Business Excellence approach. And lastly, we found recommendations for Swedish dental clinics to improve their journey towards Excellence.
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Namana, Subhadra, and Sanar Al-Dori. "Healthcare Management : Measuring patient satisfaction of service quality in Swedish dental clinics." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-37082.
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ABSTRACT:Healthcare management is a field that is related to management, leadership, and service of anorganization. Due to high competition and change in the environment of healthcare organizations,managers need to embrace the innovation to respond to those changes and make the organizationsuccessful by improving the process, structure, and culture of the organization as well as to provideefficient and effective care that will lead to achieve patient satisfaction. Service quality is one ofthe key factor among the service innovations that contribute to business development and leadingposition in the business world with high competition. Patient satisfaction is important for anyhealthcare organization. Patient satisfaction improves hospital/clinic image, which changes into anincrease in the use of services provided by the healthcare systems and increases market share.Patient satisfaction is dependent on the service quality which is the main factor in healthcareinnovations.Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand experience levels of the patient satisfaction ofservice quality in Swedish dental clinics, based on the factors affecting dental service quality.Data Sources: Interviews with staff from six clinics in Sweden, 240 patient surveys from twopublic and two private Swedish dental clinic, group interviews with three Swedish dental clinics,Science-Direct, Research Gate, ABI Inform, Google Scholar, Academia.edu.Method: This study is based on the quantitative and qualitative analysis (i.e., mixed methodapproach) and abductive approaches to measure patient satisfaction in Swedish dental clinicsthrough service quality. The problem is analyzed through interviews with the staff in private andpublic dental clinics. The factors affecting the dental service quality are analyzed throughtheoretical and empirical analysis. The patient’s satisfaction was measured by SERVQUAL toolthrough using patients’ survey that consists of 12 questions based on the four factors (tangibility,empathy, responsiveness, and Assurance). Patient survey is conducted in four dental clinics. SPSSwas used to calculate mean and standard deviation for the survey’s result. After analyzing the result,group interviews with clinic 1, clinic 3 and clinic 5 was conducted to understand different valuesin the tool i.e., the value created, value destroyed, and value missed based on the customerperception to analyze the service quality of the dental clinics.Findings: The result from the surveys showed that the factor empathy has highest positive affectand responsiveness has the lowest effect in four dental clinics. The lowest effect in the factorresponsiveness is based on the waiting time to meet a dentist. The group interviews gave us thedifferent values which are based on the idea of the value mapping tool in customer perspective.The value that the clinics gained trust from their patients. The value missed\destroyed is the waitingtime to meet a dentist. The new opportunities are to improve the services by installing newtechnology products and changing the appearance of the clinic.
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Shah, Phalguni S. "Children's preventive health care center with aspect of play for a child." Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/897516.
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Children are the most important asset for the society's future. They develop into maturity depending upon how they are moulded by their families, society, and the environment. They are very sensitive and could easily get influenced or affected by the slightest change. Therefore it is important to maintain a normal set-up for them under all of their routine and disturbed mental and physical conditions.Sickness and hospitals are one thing that affect a child's psychology. Children dread to get into the harsh technological environments of today's medical environments. Hospitals are constantly evolving to keep pace with the latest medical technologies. Additions or refurbishments or a totally new set-up usually focuses on the technological requirements rather than the human element of such an undertaking. The Riley Hospital for Children in Indianapolis presents an architectural opportunity to incorporate psychology of the environment into the design and construction of a new outpatient unit. By balancing the technological requirements with the physical and pschological needs of a child patient, one can create a healing environment more conducive to a rapid recovery. This thesis explores one of the possibilities of creating such an environment.Department of Architecture
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Rajcoomar, Nuerisha. "Compliance of public dental clinics in the Umgungundlovu district with norms and standards in the Primary Health Care Package for South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5028.
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Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent)BACKGROUND: The majority of South African citizens are dependent on the State Health Care system for their wellbeing. Dental services are part of this system. The first line of intervention for oral disease is the primary oral health services. The National Norms and Standards for Primary Health Care sets out in detail the services to be offered by state dental clinics. This document also lists the equipment and materials that public dental clinics should be furnished with in order to deliver prescribed services. Despite this, most public dental clinics do not deliver the full spectrum of services due to the lack of materials and equipment. The end result is that patients do not receive the ideal treatment and treatment choices are based on the availability of equipment and material instead of clinical appropriateness. There was a need to determine to what extent the primary oral health clinics comply with the National Norms and Standards for Primary Health Care. The launch of the green paper of the National Health Insurance in 2011 stated that the NHI is a tool to ensure that healthcare to the entire South African population is of an equal standard. The Umgungundlovu District is one of the sites identified as a pilot district for the NHI. Prior to 1994 there was a two tiered health system in South Africa, the private health system and the public health system. It is this historical model that has shaped the current system. It was the socio-economic status of an individual that dictated within which of the two tiers treatment was sought. AIM: To determine whether public dental clinics in the Umgungundlovu District are equipped to deliver the oral health services prescribed by the Primary Health Care Package for South Africa protocol. METHODOLOGY: A cross sectional study was conducted in the Umgungundlovu district which is in KwaZulu Natal to establish which of the prescribed dental services are offered at the clinic. There are 11 dental clinics in the Umgungundlovu District and one mobile dental clinic. All clinics and the mobile clinic were included in the study. Physical inspection and a checklist were used to determine which equipment and materials were available at dental clinics of the Umgungundlovu district and to determine compliance with the National Norms and Standards for Primary Health Care. RESULTS: Dental services were provided at all the 12 dental facilities in the Umgungundlovu district. None of the clinics had 100% of required instruments, materials and equipment. Half of the clinics had more than 50% of required instruments, materials and equipment. Tooth-brushing programs and fluoride mouth rinsing programs were offered by 41.67% of the clinics, fissure sealant applications by 66.67% and topical fluoride application by 25% of the clinics. In addition, while all offered oral examination and emergency pain and sepsis care (including extractions) only half were able to take bitewing radiographs, 58.33% to carry out simple fillings of 1-3 tooth surfaces, 66.67% to provide atraumatic restorative treatment (ART). CONCLUSION: Lack of materials, instruments and equipment, the irregular supply of materials, instruments and equipment and the late supply of materials, instruments and equipment was found to limit the dental treatment offered by the clinics. None of the 12 clinics in the Umgungundlovu district were found to be compliant with the Primary Health Care Package for South Africa – a set of norms and standards document. Availability of dental services was limited in the dental clinics, except at the Edendale Dental Hospital Department
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Murry, Joe Mitchell. "Neuropsychological Dysfunction Associated with Dental Office Environment." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500368/.
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Five chemicals indigenous to the dental office environment that may cause toxic effects are formaldehyde, phenol, acrylic, mercury, and nitrous oxide. These chemicals create abnormal stress on physiological and psychological systems of the body resulting in symptomatology and pathology when the body defenses can no longer maintain homeostasis by adaptation. This study demonstrated serious behavioral consequences of chemical and heavy metal exposure. This study provided evidence that a significant percentage of dental office personnel who are exposed to the dental office chemicals show psycho neurological dysfunction. It was concluded that these individuals suffer adverse reactions to the chemicals in their work environment. The problem areas included perceptual motor difficulty in cognitive functioning, concern with bodily functions, despondency, and interpersonal problems.
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Garcia, Sanchez Carolina. "Investigation on Time Spent on Caries Prevention in Västerbotten Public Dental Service Clinics : A secondary analysis of data from a longitudinal caries study." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Internationell mödra- och barnhälsovård (IMCH), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-391674.
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Introduction: Despite being preventable, dental caries is the most widespread noncommunicable disease (NCD) globally. Being de most prevalent condition, and the attempts of dentists and dental auxiliaries to give oral health the right attention, transparent, reliable, and up-to-date data about the type and level of oral health care costs are of significant societal relevance to present feedback about health system–level efficiency. Methods: Using records from a prospective cohort of 452 12-year-old children from 14 Västerbotten Public Dental Service Clinics an investigation on time spent on caries prevention was done. Time spend on caries prevention per patient per year was used as a proxy for caries prevention costs to understand variation in values in these cohort. Result: Time spend on caries prevention was associated with individual caries experience, clinics caries prevalence and number of dentists and dental auxiliaries in a 1:2 ratio. Besides,the patient’s caries risk assessment could not explain oral health professionals time spent oncaries prevention. Discussion: Time spent on caries prevention was not evenly distributed (median= 6.8 minutes). As a consequence of improved dental health and scarce resources it has been essential to optimize the efficiency in the dental service. Thus, the amount of individualized preventive intervention offered and given by dentists, hygienists and nurses, to the patients in the various risk groups needs to be further clarified.
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Watson, James W. "Free Clinics and the Uninsured: The Need for Remote Area Medical in Central Appalachia After Health Reform." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1358.
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In 2008, the election of President Barack Obama brought health care to the forefront of national discussions and led to the passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA). The legislation changed the rules of health care delivery in the United States, but the ACA did not do one fundamental thing: It did not end the need for many of the nation's most needy patients to seek free medical care from groups such as Remote Area Medical (RAM).
A mobile clinic, RAM brings together volunteer dentists, physicians, nurses, and other professionals as well as support staff for multi-day clinic events to provide free, on-site care to anyone presenting for treatment without qualification questions. This thesis looks at the ongoing need for RAM in central Appalachia after the passage of the ACA due to a continued lack of comprehensive health care coverage for all Americans.
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Du, Yuerong, and 杜月蓉. "Sugar sweetened beverages and childhood dental caries : a systematic review." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206918.
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Background
Dental caries on primary and permanent teeth is a common chronic disease worldwide with negative effects on children`s quality of life, both in the present and future. Sugar intake is a risk factor for caries. However, the association between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and dental caries is unclear.
Methods
A systematic review of relevant literature was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library and ScienceDirect to locate every journal article in English assessing the association between SSBs and dental caries up to May 2014. Quality assessment criteria were formed by 10 essential items in STROBE statement.
Results
Fourteen studies were included in the present review, of which 11 were cross-sectional studies and 3 were cohort studies. Study participants were recruited from dentistry units, schools or communities. Interview-based or self-reported questionnaires for parents or caregivers were measurement tools for exposure variables. Clinical/dental examination was used to assess the outcome variables in participating children. Decayed, missing, and filled system was used among studies to record caries status. Sources of potential bias may be measurement on exposure and outcome as well as sources and methods of participants selection. Confounding existed due to nature of observational study and possible confounders included age, gender, education and location of children as well as socioeconomic position and oral health awareness of parents. Synthesis of results suggested that there may be a positive association between SSBs and dental caries, providing evidence for policymaking and recommendations for further studies.
Conclusions
Sugar-sweetened beverages intake could be considered as positively associated with childhood dental caries. Prevention strategy on individual level and population level on dental caries should put more attention on SSBs. Further experimental studies or research with advanced epidemiological instruments are needed for more confident recommendations on preventive strategies.published_or_final_version
Public Health
Master
Master of Public Health
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Saleni, Nosicelo Betty. "The occupational stressors perceived by nurses working in wellness clinics in Nelson Mandela Bay." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1016156.
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The literature has indicated that nurses perceive more occupational stressors than do other professional groups. HIV is a new stressor which has impacted on society, in particular on people caring for HIV/AIDS patients. The availability of antiretroviral treatment (ART) which is accessible at wellness clinics has improved the quality of life of people with HIV and greatly prolonged the lives of many infected people. Wellness clinics are out-patient clinics where HIV positive patients receive their ART. This study has explored and described the occupational stressors perceived by nurses working in wellness clinics in Nelson Mandela Bay. The study was conducted using a qualitative research approach. Convenience sampling was used consisting of voluntary registered female nurses. The data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. The data were analyzed using Tech’s method. The nurses who participated in this study reported their perceptions of occupational stressors in wellness clinics where they worked. The occupational stressors perceived by the nurses included the working environment, interpersonal relationships and the organizational structure. However, they also reported that they experienced satisfaction from their jobs despite the perceived stressors.
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Hodgins, Faith. "A mixed methods evaluation of Childsmile's targeted and tailored Dental Health Support Worker intervention." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2017. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8086/.
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This thesis contributes to a national evaluation of a Dental Health Support Worker (DHSW) intervention in Scotland. The DHSW intervention is a targeted component of Childsmile; an oral health improvement programme which aims to improve the oral health of children and reduce oral health inequalities. DHSWs facilitate families in registering with, and attending, a dental practice, support oral health behaviour change at home, and signpost families to wider community initiatives. In programme development, elements proposed to be critical to the success of the DHSW intervention were: effective targeting of ‘the right children’ and ensuring the intervention is ‘tailored to families’ needs’. When the programme was rolled out across Scotland, there was a lack of consensus about how these elements should be implemented. Furthermore, some aspects of the programme were adapted to suit the characteristics of the local Scottish health boards. This thesis aims to explore how ‘targeting’ and ‘tailoring’ were being implemented in the DHSW intervention, how they should be implemented in order to be optimally effective, and the effect of the DHSW intervention on dental participation at the early phase of implementation. A systematic review and mixed methods study were conducted. The systematic review synthesised evidence on the implementation of tailoring in effective lay health worker interventions. The mixed methods study looked at how targeting and tailoring were implemented within the Childsmile DHSW intervention and its impact on child dental participation. The mixed methods study involved quantitative analysis of linked administrative health datasets and qualitative analysis of focus groups and interviews with Childsmile stakeholders, synthesising the findings from a pragmatic stance. Findings show that ‘the right children’ were defined by stakeholders as any child in a family identified as vulnerable (for whatever reason) whose family must be ready to engage with the intervention. The right child is not every child or children in families facing acute health or social issues that may inhibit engagement. In the early stage of implementation of the intervention, there was some evidence of targeting of the right children from a socio-economic and oral health risk position. Nonetheless, there were differences between health boards in the extent to which this targeted approach was adopted and the extent to which the Childsmile referral pathway was being utilised. ‘Tailoring to families’ needs’ should involve assessing individual families’ needs and then providing differential support matched to those specific needs. There was some evidence that DHSWs were tailoring the intervention in line with some of the features of tailoring found to be effective in other LHW programmes; however, there were many barriers that restricted DHSWs’ freedom to tailor to families’ needs. Barriers included: health visitors not providing background information with the referral; DHSWs having responsibilities outside of Childsmile Practice; dental practices not notifying DHSWs of children who fail to attend appointments; a lack of consensus within the programme on whether DHSWs should deliver a brief intervention or whether it can be more intensive support where necessary; and, communication difficulties across language barriers. Despite this, there was clear evidence that the DHSW intervention had been effective at this early stage of implementation. Moderate effects on dental participation were observed across Scotland in all risk groups. Across Scotland, there was a 17% difference in dental participation between groups who did and did not receive the intervention, and children were more likely to participate sooner if they had received an intervention. Recommendations for the Childsmile programme follow three key themes: (1) reform the referral pathway; (2) develop working policies to help reduce organisational barriers to DHSWs delivering an effective intervention; and, (3) although challenging within the health service system, improve selection criteria of DHSWs and enhance subsequent training to highlight the unique benefits lay people bring to these roles.
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Omar, Suleiman Mohammed. "A point-prevalence investigation of aspects of dental health in rural and urban Libyan children." Thesis, University of Dundee, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357189.
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García, Loera José Miguel. "Patient satisfaction and oral health-related quality of life outcomes in edentulous patients being treated with complete dentures by dental students at the University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6421.
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Objectives:
The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of multiple factors in the Oral Health Related Quality of Life of patients being treated with Conventional Complete Dentures, including: a) Level of expertise of the dental provider (third year dental student vs. fourth year dental student); b) Length of time edentulous; c) Number of previous prostheses; d) Race; e) Sex; f) Age; g) Systemic conditions; h) Condition of the bone ridge; i) Economic factor and insurance coverage, in patients at the University of Iowa College of Dentistry (D3 and D4 Clinics).
Materials and methods:
Eighty-one subjects who had been completely edentulous (49 men and 32 women; age range from 23 to 93 years old, mean of 58.9+13) for a minimum of 3 months were recruited. Out of the eighty-one, eleven subjects were not included in the final analysis because their prostheses were not delivered due to various reasons (time, death, discontinued treatment). Subjects were asked to complete the OHIP-EDENT (Oral Health Impact Profile for Edentulous Patients) and the patient satisfaction questionnaire to record data at baseline, at 1-week post-delivery and at 1-month post-delivery of the new prostheses. Additional to these two instruments, the PDI Classification instrument (to assess bone/tissue condition) and the Kapur Index (to assess retention/stability of the new prostheses) were also used.
Baseline comparisons of subjects seen at the D3 vs. the D4 clinic were carried out using chi-square tests of association for nominal ordinal variables, and the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test for ordinal and quantitative outcomes. Bivariate analyses were conducted to assess potential relationships between covariates and the primary outcomes (total OHIP-EDENT and total Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire scores at one-week and one-month follow-ups). The Spearman rank correlation was used to identify increasing or decreasing relationships between primary outcomes and quantitative and ordinal variables; the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test was used to assess relationships between primary outcomes and categorical covariates.
Results:
Overall, there was not enough statistical evidence to conclude that patient satisfaction and quality of life were significantly affected by most of the factors being studied. However, there was suggestive evidence of the presence of higher level of quality of life for patients seen in the D4 clinic (students with higher level of expertise). At the one-month follow-up, the comparison of the total OHIP-EDENT score between the D3 and D4 clinics was significant at the 0.05 level (p=0.018, exact Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test). The total OHIP-EDENT scores tended to be lower (indicating greater satisfaction) in the subjects seen in the D4 clinic. Two of the nineteen items from the patient satisfaction questionnaires also suggested a greater level of patient satisfaction for patients seen in the D4 clinic (students with higher level of expertise).
Conclusion:
1) Oral health related quality of life at 1-week follow-up was not significantly different between patients treated by D3 and D4 students.
2) Oral health related quality of life at 1-week follow up was significantly better for patients who had been edentulous for a longer period of time than those who were recently edentulous. However, this result can only be considered suggestive due to the need for adjustment for multiple comparisons.
3) Oral health related quality of life at 1-month follow up was significantly better for patients treated by D4 students in comparison to D3 students. However, this result can only be considered suggestive due to the need for adjustment for multiple comparisons.
4) Overall, patient satisfaction at 1-week follow-up was not significantly different between patients treated by D3 and D4 students. However, patients treated in the D4 clinic reported significantly better outcomes in regard to speaking with their new prostheses.
5) Overall, patient satisfaction at 1-month follow-up was not significantly different between patients treated by D3 and D4 students. However, patients treated in the D4 clinic reported that they could chew better with their new prostheses compared to those treated by D3 students.
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Sheridan, Peter. "Amalgam restorations and mercury toxicity." University of Sydney, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4412.
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Master of Dental SurgeryThe safety of amalgam restorations has been challenged, claims having been made that health risks are associated with the constituent mercury. There are assertions that mercury released from amalgam produces mercury poisoning, and is thus responsible for diverse symptoms of impaired health as well as disease states such as Multiple Sclerosis. This study examines the various forms of mercury and their effects and attempts particularly to delineate the significance of dental amalgam as a factor in hypersensitivity reactions and in the human body burden of mercury. Dental personnel are evaluated as a potentially high-risk group for mercury exposure. Dental amalgam and alternative restorative materials are considered, the removal of amalgam being evaluated as a therapeutic modality. The “anti-amalgam” perspective is scrutinised and the validity of the claims assessed. A review of the scientific literature, and the statements of national and international dental and scientific literature, and the statements of national and international dental and scientific organisations reflect the general support for the safety of dental amalgam. There is no evidence that health risks are associated with the use of dental amalgam other than rare local allergic reactions and oral lichenoid lesions. Notwithstanding the usefulness and safety of dental amalgam certain recommendations and conclusions are made in respect of future approaches to the utilisation of this material and for mercury in general. Further objective scientific research is necessary to determine the effects on human health of chronic exposure to low levels of mercury. There is the need for accurate general population threshold levels to be established for mercury vapour with special consideration for the vulnerable members of the community. The health professions have a significant role to play in providing informed opinion and advice for their patients and the public, in countering the more eccentric claims of the anti-amalgamists and assuaging the anxiety and confusion which accompanies this subject.
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Rustvold, Susan Romano. "Oral Health Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors: Investigation of an Educational Intervention Strategy with At-Risk Females." PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/612.
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A self-perpetuating cycle of poor health literacy and poor oral health knowledge and behavior affects approximately 90 million people in the United States, most especially those from low-income groups and other at-risk populations such as those with addiction. Poor oral health can result from lack of access to regular preventive dental appointments, lack of access to restorative care when dental diseases are treatable, and low oral health knowledge that leads to poor oral health self-care behaviors. In addition, patients' dental anxiety can impede care, because highly anxious people often avoid dental appointments. To address these issues, this inquiry examined oral health knowledge, attitudes toward oral health, and levels of dental anxiety among women in two residential chemical dependency treatment programs. Participants engaged in oral health intervention sessions to determine possible efficacy of the educational intervention. Results indicate positive outcomes in increases in oral health knowledge and behavior. The frequency of high-to-severe dental anxiety is much higher in this sample than in the general population. Implications are discussed, including use of economically efficient small-group oral health education training.
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Cope, Anwen L. "Understanding the use of antibiotics in the management of dental problems in primary care." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/74483/.
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Antimicrobial resistance is an international public health problem and is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Antibiotic consumption, particularly indiscriminate use of these agents, is recognised as a major cause of resistance. Clinical guidelines recommend that in otherwise healthy individuals, antibiotics should not be used in the management of acute dental conditions, in the absence of spreading infection and systemic upset. Instead, a surgical intervention should be the first-line treatment for such problems. This thesis describes the use of antibiotics for acute dental conditions in primary care in the UK, and explores factors that influence prescribing for dental problems using a mixed methods approach.
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Tala, Hazel Marie Bituin Linan. "The oral health status and dental awareness of young Hong Kong Chinesewith insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31954145.
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Papole, Magdeline Kgomotso. "Exploring the factors influencing non-participation of women living with HIV/AIDS in empowerment projects attached to primary health care clinics, Tembisa, South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4322.
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Thesis (MPhil (Public Management and Planning))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The research was conducted to explore the experiences of people living with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) (PLWAs), especially women, as well as the factors influencing their non-participation in development projects aimed at improving their socio-economic status. The study was conducted amongst PLWAs who are members of the Tembisa Main Clinic and Winnie Mandela Clinic support groups in Tembisa, South Africa. The researcher was motivated to conduct the research because in her work as a social worker she is confronted daily with PWLAs who are from disadvantaged backgrounds and are struggling to make ends meet. Initiatives have been undertaken to try and encourage self–reliance and improve the health status of these women by developing food gardens to provide them with fresh vegetables and possible income sources from these gardens. The reluctance of members of two support groups of PLWAs to stay involved in these projects encouraged the researcher to explore these issues. The researcher consulted various sources to obtain literature on the factors influencing non-participation in development projects. In addition she undertook a qualitative study, wherein twenty participants participated. The data from this study was then interpreted and compared to the literature. The findings of this study highlighted several factors such as discrimination, local beliefs, stigma and lack of support, which influence the non- participation of PWLAs in sustainable development projects. The findings of this research also indicate that developments projects often fail to thrive because of topdown decisions about the projects, the fact that there is no start-up funding available for the projects and participants who become demotivated to participate. The research therefore concludes with recommendations in order to address these problems.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die navorsing is onderneem om die ondervinding van mense, veral vroue, wat met Verworwe Immuniteitsgebrek Sindroom (VIGS) lewe, te ondersoek, asook die faktore wat hulle daarvan weerhou om deel te neem aan ontwikkelingsprojekte wat daarop gemik is om hul sosio-ekonomiese status te verbeter. Die studie is onderneem onder pasiënte wat lede was van ondersteuningsgroepe by Tembisa Hoofkliniek en Winnie Mandela Kliniek in Tembisa, Suid-Afrika. Die navorser is gemotiveerd om die studie te onderneem omdat sy daagliks in haar werk as sosiale werker gekonfronteer is deur mense wat met VIGS lewe, wat uit minder bevoorregte agtergronde kom en wat sukkel om te oorleef. Inisiatiewe is onderneem om hierdie vroue se selfstandigheid te bevorder en om hul gesondheidstatus te verbeter deur groente tuine te ontwikkel om hulle van vars groente te verskaf, asook moontlike inkomstebronne uit hierdie tuine. Die onwilligheid van die lede van twee ondersteuningsgroepe om in hierdie projekte betrokke te bly, het die navorser aangemoedig om hierdie aangeleentheid verder te ondersoek. Die navorser het verskeie bronne geraadpleeg om literatuur te verkry oor die faktore wat die nie-deelname in ontwikkelingsprojekte beïnvloed. Sy het ook kwalitatiewe studie onderneem waaraan twintig respondente deelgeneem het. Die data van hierdie navorsing is daarna geïnterpreteer en met die literatuur vergelyk. Die bevindinge van hierdie navorsing het verskeie faktore uitgelig wat die niedeelname beïnvloed van mense wat met VIGS lewe, soos diskriminasie, plaaslike gelowe, stigma en gebrek aan ondersteuning. Die navorsing het ook bevind dat ontwikkelingsprojekte dikwels nie floreer nie as gevolg van die ‘topdown’ besluitneming oor die projekte en omdat daar nie genoegsame vooraf befondsing beskikbaar is vir die projekte nie en die deelnemers dus demotiveer om verder deel te neem. Die navorsing sluit dus af met voorstelle om hierdie probleme aan te spreek.
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Orsini, Cesar A. "The self-determination theory of motivation in dental education : testing a model of social factors, psychological mediators, academic motivation and outcomes." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2017. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8022/.
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Background: Motivation plays a vital role in dental students' learning experience and wellbeing. Self-determination theory differentiates between autonomous and controlled motivation and amotivation, where autonomous motivation corresponds to the most selfdetermined form of regulation. Previous research has found that several social educational factors, mediated by students' satisfaction of their basic psychological needs of feeling autonomous, competent and related to important others, predicts autonomous motivation. In turn, autonomous motivation leads to more positive educational outcomes compared to controlled motivation or amotivation. So far, however, few studies have investigated the process of motivation in health professions education from the perspective of the Selfdetermination Theory. A systematic review was conducted within this thesis, identifying determinants, such as an autonomy supportive learning climate and feedback, that predicted students' autonomous motivation. No studies were found that tested mediation effects between determinants and motivation. In turn, students' self-determined motivation was found to predict different affective, behavioural and cognitive outcomes. These studies, however, came mainly from medical education. Despite its relevance for students' development, very little is known about the process of motivation in dental students. This indicates a need to understand its various aspects, which may lead to evidence-based interventions to foster students optimal functioning. Purpose: To test a model of academic motivation in dental education by analysing the associations between autonomy-support and quantity and quality of feedback, as determinants, and self-determined motivation, mediated by students' basic psychological needs satisfaction. This, followed by testing the associations between self-determined motivation and the behavioural outcomes of deep and surface study strategies and academic performance, and the affective outcomes of vitality and self-esteem. Finally, we aimed to test whether the model worked different for female and male students, and by year of curriculum. Methods: We conducted a correlational cross-sectional survey study at the dental school of the University San Sebastian in Chile. All dental students from year 1 to 6 were invited to participate and to answer a questionnaire package containing demographic data and previously validated self-reported instruments. Data on academic performance were obtained from the administrative department. Data analysis involved five phases. First, internal consistency of all measures was assessed by means of Cronbach alpha. Second, descriptive and group comparisons were computed by means of independent t-test to assess gender differences and MANOVA to assess year-of-curriculum differences. Third, bivariate correlations were assessed amongst all measures. Fourth, mediation was tested through a series of regression analyses. Finally, the entire model was assessed by means of structured equation modelling, for the overall student sample as well as for the subgroups of females and males and different years of study. Data were analysed with the PASW and AMOS software. Results: A total of 924 students (90.2% response rate) agreed to participate and completed the questionnaires. Cronbach's alpha values of all instruments ranged from .641 to .912. Students' autonomous motivation for attending university was higher than controlled motivation and amotivation, showing an overall self-determined profile. Females endorsed higher than men both autonomous and controlled motivation, while men endorsed amotivation higher. The overall motivation profile, however, did not show significant gender differences. Across the six years, students showed an overall self-determined profile, in which autonomous motivation decreased when transitioning to clinical years, to rise again in the final year. The contrary was found for students' amotivation scores, while controlled motivation declined as they entered clinical-based years. Bivariate correlations showed that both determinants were positively correlated with students' basic psychological needs satisfaction and with autonomous motivation. In turn, the latter was positively associated with behavioural and affective outcomes. All these associations showed a decreasingly positive correlation from autonomous motivation to amotivation. Mediation regression analyses showed both determinants predicting dental students' autonomous motivation, however, this influence was not direct, it was mediated by students' perceptions of the satisfaction of their basic psychological needs. Finally, structured equation modelling indicated that the data fitted the model well, and showed both determinants positively predicting students' satisfaction of their basic psychological needs, which positively influenced autonomous motivation over controlled motivation. In turn, the gradual shift from controlled to autonomous motivation positively predicted affective and behavioural outcomes. Moreover, the associations followed a similar pattern, with minor deviations, when tested by gender and by year of study. Discussion and conclusion: In the context of this research, dental students' autonomous motivation was indirectly predicted by the social educational factors of teachers' autonomysupport and quantity and quality of feedback, being mediated by students' satisfaction of their basic psychological needs. Students' acting out of autonomous motivation showed enhanced deep study strategies and better academic performance, experienced higher vitality and self-esteem, and showed lower surface study strategies. This suggests that autonomous motivation leads to important outcomes, decreasing from controlled motivation to amotivation. Whilst students in different years of study showed an autonomous motivation profile, there were important differences that showed that students' transition from basic/preclinical to clinical years influenced their motivation and should therefore be taken into account when planning interventions to enhance students' motivation. Results are discussed in light of self-determination theory and considering its implications on curriculum development, teaching and learning, clinical training, assessment, faculty development, peer-assisted-learning and dentist-patient relationship. Significance: This is the first study, in health professions education, to test a Selfdetermination theory-based model including determinants, mediators, motivation and outcomes. This research also expands to dental education the study of motivation based on an empirically verified psychological theory. The results provide strong support for the Selfdetermination theory of motivation in dental education and provide acceptable evidence that the quality of motivation and satisfying students' psychological needs are important in determining positive educational outcomes amongst dental students. Therefore, many successes and failures in a number of elements of dental and health professions education may be understood through the lens of this theory. As such, efforts should be made in various aspects of dental education to support learners' sense of autonomy, competence and relatedness, which may have an extensive influence on dental education and on students' wellbeing. Future research should confirm or refute our results in other dental education settings.
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Kramer, Kathryn Daugherty. "The role of behavioral technology in the promotion of oral health behavior." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90933.
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This study implemented two behavior management strategies, self-monitoring and monetary incentives, in a dental clinic and a private periodontal practice to explore the effects of these intervention strategies on subjects' dental flossing frequencies and to compare these strategies to standard educational procedures. Group analysis of four dependent variables generally showed minimal impact of the intervention strategies on flossing frequency. However, when the percentages of subjects within groups who improved on the dependent measures were evaluated, differential effects for some dependent variables were noted between settings and among intervention strategies. Based on those findings, the behavioral strategies of self-monitoring and monetary incentives did appear to enhance the effectiveness of education.
Multimodal measures were used to assess changes in the target behavior. The general lack of covariance found among the dependent measures used in this study demonstrated that the interpretation varied with the choice of dependent variable. This finding suggested that past researchers, who used only physiological dependent measures to assess changes in the frequencies of dental flossing and brushing behaviors, should have selected more direct measures of the targeted behaviors (e.g. unobtrusive measures or direct observations).M.S.
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Mohamed, Nadia. "An investigation of early childhood caries in the lower socio-economic areas surrounding Tygerberg Oral Health Centre in order to plan a community appropriate intervention strategy." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95833.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The long waiting lists for general anaesthesia and sedation services for children with Early Childhood Caries (ECC) at the Tygerberg Oral Health Centre highlighted the problem of ECC in this area. This was confirmed by a retrospective study of patient records at the Centre. ECC is largely caused by a combination of lifestyle factors, especially feeding and oral hygiene practices. Socio-economic status and parental factors such as education and employment have also been shown to play a role in the development of ECC. In order to address this problem, a study was designed to determine the prevalence of ECC in children from the lower socio-economic communities which drain to the Tygerberg Oral Health Centre and assess the knowledge of the caregivers of these children. A total of 659 children were examined at crèches and schools as well as community health clinics. The children examined at the clinics accompanied others and did not have any health reason for the visit themselves. As the aetiology is largely behaviour-driven and children are dependent on their caregivers to meet their basic needs, 366 caregivers attending the community health clinics with their children, were interviewed to determine their practices and knowledge of oral health. A total of 83 health care workers at these clinics were also interviewed to assess their knowledge of oral health matters and determine the role that they can play in the prevention of this disease. A cross-sectional community survey was carried out by means of clinical assessments and structured interviews with the aid of questionnaires. The survey was divided into 3 parts: 1. Prevalence of ECC amongst the children 2. Knowledge of the caregivers about oral health care 3. Knowledge of health care workers at the clinics in these communities about ECC The prevalence study revealed that 71.6% of children in the study population presented with caries. This is extremely high and highlights the need for serious interventions. Parents/ caregivers were shown to be ill-informed regarding their children’s oral health care needs which include dietary and oral hygiene practices as well as how this disease can be prevented. It is clear that caregivers need to be educated regarding feeding practices, weaning time, dietary content and the importance of basic oral health. The importance of preserving the primary dentition and regular dental attendance also needs to be emphasized in this community where dental health does not seem to be a priority. Health care workers such as nurses who come into contact with children from an early age would be the ideal vehicle to impart this information. However, as revealed from the results of this study, there is a serious lack of knowledge amongst these professionals regarding oral health matters. Time and resources therefore have to be invested to improve their knowledge and lessen their load so that more emphasis can be placed on prevention. Small changes can make a big difference towards addressing the burden of this disease on the health care system.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die lang waglyste vir algemene narkose en sedasiedienste vir kinders met Vroeë Kinderkaries (VKK) by die Tygerberg Mondgesondheid Sentrum het die probleem van VKK in die area uitgelig. Dit is bevestig deur 'n retrospektiewe studie van pasiënterekords by die Sentrum. VKK word grootliks veroorsaak deur 'n kombinasie van lewenstyl- faktore, veral voeding en mondhigiëne praktyke. Daar is ook aangetoon dat sosio-ekonomiese status en ouerlike faktore soos opvoeding en werkstatus 'n rol speel in die ontwikkeling van VKK. In 'n poging om hierdie probleem aan te spreek is 'n studie onderneem om die prevalensie van VKK in kinders van laer sosio-ekonomiese gemeenskappe wat van die Tygerberg Mondgesondheid Sentrum gebruikmaak te bepaal. Die kennis van mondgesondheid van die vernaamste toesighouers van die kinders in die studie is ook bepaal. 'n Totaal van 659 kinders is by crèches en skole sowel as gemeenskapsklinieke ondersoek. Die kinders wat by die klinieke ondersoek is, het nie self 'n gesondheidsrede vir die besoek gehad nie maar het saam met ander mense gekom. Die etiologie van VKK word hoofsaaklik deur gedrag gedryf en kinders is van hulle toesighouers afhanklik vir hulle basiese behoeftes. Dus is 366 toesighouers wat gemeenskapsklinieke besoek het ondervra oor hulle praktyke en kennis rakende mondgesondheid. 'n Totaal van 83 gesondheidswerkers by die klinieke is ook ondervra oor hulle kennis van mondgesondheid om die rol wat hulle kan speel in die voorkoming van hierdie siekte te ondersoek. 'n Dwarsdeursnit gemeenskaps-opname is uitgevoer deur middel van kliniese ondesoeke en gestruktureerde onderhoude met behulp van vraelyste. Die opname is in drie dele aangepak: 1. Prevalensie van VKK onder die kinders 2. Kennis van die toesighouers oor mondgesondheidsorg 3. Kennis van gesondheidsorgwerkers by die klinieke in hierdie gemeenskappe oor VKK Die prevalensiestudie het getoon dat 71% van kinders in die studiepopulasie karies gehad het. Dit is baie hoog en het die behoefte aan ernstige ingryping beklemtoon. Ouers/ toesighouers het geblyk om baie swak ingelig te wees oor hulle kinders se mondgesondheid-behoeftes wat dieet- en mondhigiëne praktyke ingesluit het, asook hoe die siekte voorkom kan word. Dit is duidelik dat versorgers onderrig moet word oor voedingspraktyke, die beste tyd vir soog, dieetinhoud en die belang van basiese mondgesondheid. Die belang van die behoud van primêre dentisie en gereelde tandsorgafsprake behoort ook in hierdie geneemskappe beklemtoon te word, gesien in die lig van die lae prioriteit wat hierdie gemeenskappe op mondgesondheid plaas. Gesondheidsorgwerkers soos verpleegpersoneel wat reeds in kontak kom met hierdie kinders op 'n jong ouderdom is die ideale persone om sulke inligting te versprei. Dit het egter uit die studie geblyk dat daar 'n ernstige gebrek aan kennis by hierdie professionele persone bestaan oor mondgesondheid. Tyd en hulpbronne sal belê moet word en hulle werkslading verlig moet word om hulle kennis te verbeter sodat meer klem op voorkoming gelê kan word. Klein veranderinge kan 'n groot verskil maak om hierdie siektelas op die gesondheidsorgstelsel te verlig.
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Mozūraitė, Indrė. "Burnos higienistų darbo organizavimo ypatumai Kauno miesto odontologijos klinikose." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100621_093141-94684.
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Darbo tikslas. Įvertinti burnos higienistų, dirbančių Kauno miesto privačiose ir viešosiose odontologijos klinikose, darbo organizavimo ypatumus.
Tyrimo metodika. Atlikta momentinė anoniminė Kauno miesto burnos higienistų anketinė apklausa. Išdalinta 70 anketų: 56 dirbantiems privačiose ir 14 viešosiose odontologijos klinikose. Anketas užpildė ir grąžino 45 privačiose (atsako dažnis 80,3 proc.) ir 14 viešosiose (atsako dažnis 100 proc.) klinikose dirbantys burnos higienistai. Statistinė duomenų analizė buvo atliekama naudojant SPSS 17 for Windows programinį paketą. Hipotezėms tikrinti buvo naudojama aprašomoji statistika bei Chi kvadrato (χ2 ), t ir Mann-Whitney kriterijai.
Rezultatai. Dažniausiai odontologijos klinikose atliekamos burnos higienistų procedūros: burnos higienos mokymas (100 proc.), dantų akmenų šalinimas ultragarsu (100 proc.) bei rankiniais instrumentais (93,2 proc.). Dažniausiai aptarnaujami jauni (19-35 metų) bei vidutinio amžiaus (36-55 metų) pacientai. Rečiausiai – vaikai ar paaugliai iki 18 metų (22,8 proc.), neįgalūs pacientai. Privačiose įstaigose dirbantys burnos higienistai dažniau nei viešosiose dirba dar ir odontologo asistentu (atitinkamai 62,2 ir 21,4 proc.). Viešose įstaigose dažniau nei privačiose dirba mokslinį darbą (14,3 proc) arba dėstytojauja (2,4 proc.). Beveik absoliuti dauguma (93,2 proc.) respondentų linkę manyti, kad geriau burnos higienistu dirbti privačioje įstaigoje dėl geresnių darbo sąlygų, darbo vietos organizavimo (87,3 ir 63,6... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Aim of the study. To evaluate the dental hygienists work organization peculiarities in private and public dental clinics in Kaunas city. Methods. An anonymous questionnaire have been completed in private and public dental clinics in Kaunas city. In total 70 questionnaires were distributed to employed dental hygienists: 56 in private and 14 in public dental clinics in Kaunas. Questionnaires filled out and returned: 45 dental hygienists employed in private (response rate 80,3 %) and 14 in public dental clinics (response rate 100 %). The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 17 for Windows statistical software . Hypotheses were checked using descriptive statistics and Chi square (χ2), t and Mann-Whitney criterions. Results. Most frequently dental hygienists performed oral treatments in dental clinics such as oral hygiene education and training (100 %), scaling (100 %) and calculus removal using hand instruments (93.2 % ). Most dental hygienist served young (19-35 years) and middle-aged (36-55 years) patients. Least - working with children or adolescents under 18 years old (22.8 %), with disabled patients. Dental hygienists in private dental institutions more than in public works as a dental assistant (respectively 62.2 and 21.4 %) Meanwhile, in public dental institutions dental hygienist more than in private work in research work (14.3% ) and as academics (2.4 %). Majority (93.2%) of respondents tend to believe that is better to work as a dental hygienist in... [to full text]
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Grundlingh, Heila. "Evaluation of the implementation of the nutritional supplementation programmes for pregnant women within the Cape Town Metropolitan Area." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71851.
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Thesis (MNutrition )ITE))--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: The primary objective was to determine whether pregnant women visiting primary health care clinics (PHCs) were aware of the nutritional supplementation programmes: Nutrition Supplementation Programme (NSP) food, folate-, iron- and vitamin A supplementation. The secondary objective was to determine whether pregnant women qualified for the NSP food-, folate- and iron supplementation. The third objective was to determine whether those who qualified received the prescribed NSP food-, folate-, and iron supplementation and whether they were compliant with these interventions. Design: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at all PHCs hosting basic antenatal clinics in the Cape Town Metropolitan Area of the Western Cape Province, South Africa. Method: One hundred and fourteen pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study using a non-random quota sampling strategy. Pregnant women were interviewed using a validated questionnaire. The mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) was measured and the symphysis-fundus (SF) measurement was obtained from the medical files to determine whether participants met the entry criteria for the NSP. Written informed consent was obtained from participants. Results: Fifty per cent of participants were between 12 and 24 weeks of gestation. Most of them (68%) had an MUAC of between 24,7 cm and 34,4 cm. Fifty (44%) of the participants had a sufficient SF measurement. Twenty-one (18%) of the participants indicated that they were aware of the vitamin A Programme, 56 (49%) were aware of the NSP food-supplementation and 79 (70%) knew about the folicand iron supplementation that pregnant women should receive from the clinic. Six (5%) participants qualified for the NSP with an MUAC of below 23 cm. Only one (17%) participant was registered with the NSP and received the food-supplementation. Seventy (61%) of the participants indicated that they received and used the iron- and folic supplements, of which 30 (43%) did not know why they needed to take these supplements. Conclusion: Folate- and iron supplementation appears to be reasonably successfully implemented in the Cape Town Metropolitan Area among pregnant women visiting PHCs. The NSP food-supplementation, however, appears to be unsuccessfully implemented and needs further attention. Resources could be appointed to inform pregnant women about the reasons for and importance of taking these supplements.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Inleiding: Die hoofdoelstelling was om te bepaal of swanger vroue wat primêre gesondheidsorgklinieke (PGK’s) bywoon, bewus was van die voeding supplementasie programme: Voedsel Supplementasie Program (VSP) – voedselaanvulling, folaat-, yster- en vitamien A supplementasie. Die tweede doelstelling was om te bepaal of hierdie swanger vroue in aanmerking kom vir die VSP– voedselaanvulling, folaat- en yster supplementasie. Die derde doelstelling was om te bepaal of hierdie swanger vroue die voorgeskrewe VSP – voedselaanvulling, folaat- en yster supplementasie ontvang het en hierdie intervensies nagevolg het. Ontwerp: ʼn Deursnit beskrywende studie is gedoen en data is ingesamel van al die PGK’s wat voorgeboortelike klinieke huisves in die Kaapstadse metropolitaanse gebied, in die Wes-Kaapprovinsie, Suid-Afrika. Metode: Honderd en veertien swanger vroue wat aan die insluitingskriteria voldoen het, is volgens ʼn nie-ewekansige kwotastrategie uitgesoek om aan die studie deel te neem. Onderhoude is volgens ʼn bevestigde vraelys met swanger vroue gevoer. Die omtrek van die middelboarm is geneem en die symphysis-fundus-meting is van die mediese lêers verkry om te bepaal of deelnemers aan die insluitingskriteria vir die VSP voldoen. Deelnemers het ʼn vrywaringsvorm geteken voordat hulle aan die studie begin deelneem het. Resultate: Vyftig persent van die swanger vroue het ʼn gestasie-ouderdom van tussen 12 en 24 weke gehad. Die omtrek van die meeste vroue (68%) se middelboarm was tussen 24,7 cm en 34,4 cm. Vyftig (44%) van die vroue se symphysis-fundusmeting was voldoende. Een en twintig (18%) van die deelnemers het aangedui dat hulle van die Vitamien A-program bewus was, 56 (49%) was van die VSPvoedselaanvulling bewus en 79 (70%) van die deelnemers was bewus van die folaat- en yster supplementasie wat swanger vroue van die kliniek behoort te ontvang. Ses (5%) deelnemers, met ʼn middelboarm-omtrek van minder as 23 cm, het vir die VSP in aanmerking gekom. Slegs een (17%) deelnemer was geregistreer en het die voedselaanvulling ontvang. Sewentig (61%) van die deelnemers het aangedui dat hul wel yster- en folaat supplementasie ontvang en gebruik, waarvan 30 (43%) nie geweet het waarom hulle dié supplemente neem nie. Gevolgtrekking: Dit wil voorkom asof folaat- en yster supplementasie vir swanger vroue wat PGK’s in die Kaapstadse metropolitaanse gebied besoek, redelik suksesvol toegepas word. Daarteenoor word die VSP – voedselaanvulling onsuksesvol uitgevoer en behoort dit verdere aandag te geniet. Hulpbronne kan aangewys word om swanger vroue beter in te lig oor die doel en belangrikheid daarvan om hierdie supplemente te neem.
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Lin, Yi-Cheng, and 林怡成. "The Influence of Global Budgeting for National Health Insurance to Primary Special Clinicsー Using Dental Clinics as an example." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44790502085919956330.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
國際企業管理組
101
The Global Budgeting of national health insurance affects medical units in Taiwan, especially primary special clinics. We had interviewed 13 dentists (both employers and employees included) with quality research method to clarify the influence of the Global Budgeting to dental clinics. The result reveals the Global Budgeting affects the operation of dental clinics by 4 items (Customer value proposition, Profit model, Critical resources and Special processes) and 12 aspects (Customer servicing established, complete services provided, oral spreading; Control of total revenue from health insurance, New revenue model established; improvement of service quality, Medical alliance developed, Medical brand specified; Change of business model, Target customers marketing, Self-pay clinics developed, Business model of dental subspecialty treatment). We expect the result of this study could give advisement to those who want to open new clinics.
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Bagus, Tashnim. "A clinical audit: dental treatment needs and treatment received by 12 and 15 year old children who attended the Wits Dental Hospital during the period: January 2006 to December 2010." Thesis, 2013.
Find full textAbstract:
A research report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Master of Science (Dentistry)
In the Department of Paediatric and Restorative Dentistry
School of Oral Health Sciences
Faculty of Health Sciences
University of the Witwatersrand, JohannesburgA Clinical Audit: Dental Treatment Needs and Treatment Received by 12 and 15 year old children who attended the WITS Dental Hospital during the period January 2006 to December 2010. Background The majority of children and adults are affected by dental caries and its sequelae in South Africa. Children, from lower socioeconomic backgrounds in particular, continue to experience a high burden of dental caries. Objectives - To determine the number and profile of 12 – year – old and of 15 – year – old patients who attended the Wits Dental Hospital during the period of January 2006 to December 2010. - To determine the dental treatment needs of the two index age groups, including caries prevalence and the teeth affected by caries. - To determine the treatment received during this period. - To determine the time taken to complete the treatment needed and the number of patient visits required. - To determine the obstacles to receiving or completing the prescribed treatment. xii | P a g e Subjects and Methods The study was based on a retrospective review of the dental treatment records of 12 – year – old and 15 – year – old children attending the WITS Dental Hospital during the period January 2006 to December 2010. The study was based on children treated in the dental chair and did not include children treated under general anaesthetic. A total of 143 dental treatment records were retrieved , but only 62% (89) of the records met the specified study requirements – (39 for 12 yr olds and 50 for 15 yr olds). Extracted data was recorded by the researcher onto specifically – formulated data capture sheets. Processing and analysis of data was carried out with SPSS for Windows, Version 13 . Chi – square tables were constructed for comparison of proportional distributions. Exact and Monte Carlo test statistics were calculated to identify significant relationships. Results The mean DMFT for the 12 – year – old age group was 3.0 . The DT accounted for 76.6% of the DMFT , the MT for 23.33% and the FT was nil. The mean DMFT for the 15 – year – old age group was 3.8. The DT accounted for 92.1% of the DMFT , the MT for less than 10% and the FT was nil. There is an increase in dental caries from 12 – year – old to 15 – year – old patients. Carious teeth are left untreated. Restorative dental treatment levels are low. Low levels of completed treatment plans noted. Conclusion The rise in dental caries from the 12 – year – old group to the 15 – year – old group, together with high levels of untreated caries and low levels of restorative dental xiii | P a g e treatment indicate the need to improve the oral health of school children. Evidence – based oral health prevention and promotion strategies must guide oral health policy planning, so that supportive environments are created and sustained to facilitate healthy choices and maintain optimal oral health.
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Gao, Wei-Jyun, and 高瑋駿. "An Investigation on the Trend of Dental Clinics Horizontal Integration Executing under National Health Insurance Payment System." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2578h8.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
工業與系統工程研究所
98
Enterprises begin to work in coordination with other companies, suppliers and customers in order to increase the companies’ competency. With the Internet development, the business model of enterprises becomes the collaborative commerce age. The collaborative commerce can be divided into the vertical integration and the horizontal integration. However, few studies have been studied in the area of the horizontal integration, especially in the medical horizontal integration. The national health insurance payment system started in 1995. At that time, the dental insurance payment system was adopted with the fee for service payment. To avoid the financial deficit, the Bureau of National Health Insurance transferred the dental insurance payment system from the fee for service payment system to the global budget system in 1998. As the medical expenses increase annually, how to apply the horizontal integration to utilize the medical resources efficiently becomes a critical and challenging issue. Hence, this research considers the medical horizontal integration as a case study. The objective of this research is to explore the trend of the horizontal integration of dental clinics, and discuss the reasons of the medical horizontal integration. This study focuses mainly on the most commonly insurance payment systems which are the fee for service payment and global budget system. This study adopts the Arena software to simulate six models, the subjects of which include individual dental clinics and group dental clinics. The results of this research show that profits of group dental clinics are more than those of individual dental clinics, but the individual dentist’s income of group dental clinics is less than that of individual dental clinics. However, there is a take-turn system for dentists in the group dental clinics, and this can promote a dentist to have a better life quality. Moreover, the group dental clinics have complete training programs for novice dentists to increase their professional skills. Dentists may, therefore, choose to serve in an individual dental clinic or a group clinic depending on their needs. Overall, the findings of this research show that two types of dental clinics will still exist in future which is consistent with simulation results. Furthermore, this research also provides useful suggestions for novice dentists, dentists in a group clinics and senior dentists if they can join or keep working in the group dental clinics or not.
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王珮琪. "The impact of claimed health expenditure on dental clinics after BNHI's fraud audit:by the case of abnormal claim of dental clinic expenditure audit." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22642918371998322014.
Full text
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Sanders, Anne Elizabeth. "Social determinants of oral health / Anne E. Sanders." 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/22014.
Full textAbstract:
September 2003"Includes bibliographical references.
xxi, 387 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm.
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
This study showed that a set of social characteristics systematically differed by socioeconomic position. Socioeconomic gradients in personal control, social support, stress and life satisfaction underlie patterns of dental behaviour that are in turn associated with oral health.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dental School, 2003
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Elloker, Soraya. "The coping skills of registered nurses In the city health clinics in Cape town." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/2091.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study is to explore and describe the coping skills of registered nurses in a changed working environment. The research is conducted in the City Health clinics.
The objectives of the study are:
to identify strategies which nurses use to cope with the changes in the health care services;
to explore appropriate support systems that will enhance the coping skills of registered nurses in clinics in the City Health Department; and
to deduce guidelines on how to support staff from the literature study and the results of the research.
The research problem is the following: nurses in primary health care facilities do not adequately cope with major changes in health care delivery.
A qualitative approach for the research was chosen. Personal interviews and focus group discussions were used to identify the coping skills of registered nurses.
Data analysis was done manually. Transcriptions of recordings of the individual interviews and group discussions were done. Themes were organized and categorized into meaningful links and relationships.
The findings indicate that the following factors improve the coping skills of registered nurses:
team-work and support;
to voice your opinion when necessary and good communication between staff;
regular breaks during working hours;
inherent factors for example strong spiritual and emotional strength that assist registered nurses to cope;
family support;
the provision of quality care is rewarding;
the assistance and support from the church (congregation);
the effective re-organisation of health services;
continuous support programs for staff; and
continuous education to develop skills of registered nurses.Advanced Nursing -- Psychological aspects
M.A.
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Chang, Ming-Yuan, and 張明元. "The Effects of Relationship Marketing on Customer Loyalty between National Health Insurance and Self-Payment Services – An analysis of Dental Clinics Services." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34566315335922030507.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中國醫藥大學
醫務管理學系碩士班
101
Background: The medical services market in Taiwan, whether provided by hospital or clinic, Western medicine, or dentistry, are affected by global budget system and market competition. To seek innovative marketing techniques to attract new customers, to retain existing customers and to develop lasting doctor-patient relationship are major issues in health services administration. Relationship Marketing is about building trust, satisfaction and loyalty through maintaining and reinforcing the long-term relationship between organization and customers to increase benefits for both patients and providers. Aim: The study will explore the effect that relationship marketing has on dental clinic customer loyalty, and if relationship quality has significant effect on relationship benefits and customer loyalty. The insurance system in Taiwan renders the medical treatment cost to be very low. There is a significant difference from patients’ own expense. Are there any difference in impacts felt from relationship marketing and furthermore affecting satisfaction and loyalty, as a result of various demographic characteristics and payment methods? Method: This is cross-sectional study. Using Purposive Sampling to select four dental clinics in mid-Taiwan and to deliver 480 questionnaires yields effective recovery of 216 questionnaires. Using Pearson correlation to examine the relationship between all of the variables, the degree of effect in variables and moderators is investigated. Result & Conclusion: Relationship benefits and relationship quality received by customers from clinics have significant influence on customer loyalty. When we use demographic characteristics as the moderators, the level of education and the duration of clinic visits affect the trust benefits of relationship benefits and customers’ loyalty. There is no significant effect on customers’ relationship benefits to loyalty between National Health Insurance payment and patients’ own expense. To retain existing customers, clinics are recommended to put more resources in social benefits that customers can experience more directly.
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Coelho, Pedro Francisco Ferreira. "Informatização das clínicas médico-dentárias da cidade de Viseu." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/13666.
Full textAbstract:
Introdução: Ao longo das últimas décadas, a Informática Médico-Dentária tem vindo a
contribuir para a melhoria do desempenho clínico dos Médicos Dentistas, através da
introdução e aplicação dos computadores e das tecnologias da informação desenvolvidas
especificamente para a Medicina Dentária.
Objectivo: Analisar e avaliar o nível de informatização das clínicas de Medicina Dentária na
cidade de Viseu e aferir opiniões, atitudes e considerações sobre a utilização dos sistemas
informáticos e das tecnologias de informação.
Material e métodos: Foi distribuído pessoalmente um questionário em suporte papel a todos
os directores clínicos (n=78), das clínicas médico-dentárias, da cidade de Viseu. Este
questionário continha 36 questões, que interpelavam as características da prática clínica
médico-dentária, a utilização da Internet, de programas informáticos e das infraestruturas
tecnológicas, para além da introdução, o armazenamento e o acesso a informações clínicas.
Os dados recolhidos foram analisados estatisticamente através do software IBM® SPSS®
Statistics v20.0.
Resultados: A taxa de resposta foi de 78,8% (n=60). Todas as clínicas possuem
computadores (67,2% possuem computadores chairside). As informações clínicas dos
pacientes são maioritariamente registadas em suporte electrónico, apesar de 4 clínicas (6,6%)
usarem apenas o registo em papel. Estes dados clínicos são geralmente introduzidos pelos
Médicos Dentistas (77,2%), que consideram que a utilização clínica dos computadores
contribui para a educação do paciente e melhora a eficiência da consulta. Por outro lado, são
apontadas barreiras à utilização dos computadores nas clínicas devido à segurança dos dados
clínicos, problemas no controlo da infeção cruzada e falhas no sistema informático.
Conclusão: Actualmente, encontra-se disseminada a utilização do computador na prática
clínica de Medicina Dentária na cidade de Viseu. Contudo, a informática ao nível dos
cuidados médicos e dentários nomeadamente no que diz respeito ao registo de informações
clínicas dos pacientes, apresenta ainda um grande potencial de desenvolvimento e evoluçãoIntroduction: Over the last decades, Dental Informatics has improved the dental practice, not only by increasing the use of computers and other hardware, but also through the creation of certain programs to support clinical management and to help the improvement of the clinical procedures. Objective: Analyze and evaluate the level of computerization of dental clinics in Viseu and assess opinions, attitudes and considerations on the use of computer systems and information technology. Material and methods: Paper questionnaires were distributed in person, to all clinical directors of dental clinics in Viseu (n=78). The questionnaire had 36 questions, which addressed the characteristics of dental practice, the use of Internet, software and infrastructures technology, in addition to the introduction, storage and access to clinical information. The collected data was statistically analysed using IBM® SPSS® Statistics v20.0. Results: The response rate was 78,8% (n=60). All clinics have computers (67,2% has chairside computers). Clinical information is mostly electronically recorded, although 4 clinics (6,6%) use only paper record. Usually dentists introduce these clinical data (77,2%) and they believe that the clinical use of computers contributes to patient education and improves dental appointment’s efficiency. Nevertheless, dentists identified barriers to the use of computers in dental clinics due to the safety of clinical data, problems in crossed infection control and crashes into the computer system. Conclusion: Actually, clinical computing is disseminated in dental clinical practice. However, patient’s clinical information electronic registry still presents a great potential for development and evolution in dental informatics and, generally, in Dental Medicine.
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Davies, Michael John. "The role of commonsense understandings in social inequalities in health : an investigation in the context of dental health / Michael Davies." 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/19680.
Full textAbstract:
Bibliography: leaves 203-219.219 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm.
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
Concerned with the contribution of commonsense understandings of disease to social differentials in health outcomes. Argues that understandings in part reflect the social circumstances of an individual and mediate preventive activities and use of services, thereby influencing health outcomes. These are examined using the specific health outcomes of tooth loss and tooth decay.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Public Health, 2000
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Khurshid, Anjum. "Preventive oral health in underserved populations: an economic analysis." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/3277.
Full textAbstract:
Our study adds to the understanding of dental caries prevention in underserved populations. Dental caries is the most common disease of childhood but can be easily prevented. It is therefore essential that policy makers use evidence to promote policies that will help reduce the burden of caries in high-risk children. We collected socioeconomic and demographic data through written surveys from parents of children at the Lyford Consolidated Independent School District in Willacy County. We got a 60% response to our survey. The survey data was matched with dental examination data from a teledentistry project. Only 19% of children in our matched sample had any sealant but 43% had at least one dental caries. Of those without sealants, almost half (49%) had caries while of those with sealants only 19% had any caries. We also found that while half (48%) of those from low-income households (ie, annual income <$25,000) had caries, only a third (34%) of those in high-income households had any caries. Our data analysis involved econometric modeling to study the impact of various factors including dental sealants on the occurrence of dental caries. We assumed dental sealant application to be a proxy for past preventive dental care. We used multivariate probit regression to test for endogeneity in our model. The estimation results from univariate probit models showed a strong and robust preventive effect of dental sealants on dental caries. We used Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), logit, probit, and logistic regressions to confirm the results and obtained similar findings. We used our fitted model to simulate the effect of providing sealants to all children in our sample and found that there will be a 52% - 68% decrease in the mean predicted probability of caries in different scenarios. Finally, we used cost estimates from published studies and the annual survey of dental fee by the American Dental Association to calculate cost-benefit of providing sealants through school-based programs. We found school-based sealant programs to be cost-beneficial. Our analysis leads to a recommendation to promote school-based sealant programs in underserved populations.text
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Thánh, Nguy~e̊n Thuy. "The relationship between fluoride concentration in drinking water with dental caries and fluorosis in Vietnamese children." 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09DSM/09dsmn576.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 232-247). Obtained information on dental caries and fluorosis among a representative sample of Vietnamese children. Also collected information on factors likely to influence caries experience and dental fluorosis and undertook statistical analyses to examine the relationship between fluoride in drinking water, dental caries and dental fluorosis
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Laorujiralai, Kamolchanok. "Dentist-patient communication: How do patients make sense of oral health information and translate it into action?" Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/8330.
Full textAbstract:
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)Purpose: Patient-provider communication has been studied extensively in the last two decades, and many researchers have confirmed the importance of communication between patient and provider in medical contexts. In spite of increased research in patient-provider communication in dentistry, dental care providers still report that patients often do not accurately follow oral health recommendations. Thus, there is the need for additional study on how patients make sense of the oral health information they receive and how they translate that information into action. This study aimed to obtain insight into how dental care patients perceive and make sense of the information they receive from their dentist and how they translate that information into action. Methods: 16 patients and 8 dentists from Indiana School of Dentistry’s (IUSD) Graduate Prosthodontic Clinic in Indianapolis, Indiana were included. Two in-depth interviews, one immediately following the dental visit and one 7-10 days later, were conducted with the patients, and one short interview was conducted with each patient’s dental care provider. Interviews were audio taped and transcribed. Results: The results show both patients and providers perceived the interaction during consultation positively. The majority of patients were able to accurately recall information they received from their dentists and made sense of new information through the lens of their previous experiences. Four additional factors that explain patients’ adherence with health advice were also found in addition to the previous studies. Conclusions: Successful dentist-patient interaction could be thought of as a match between what dentists think patients need to know, what patients think they want/need to know, and what patients actually know. Thus, some barriers that can keep dentists and patients from reaching information equilibrium are discussed. The study concludes by offering practical and theoretical implications.
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Ekeji, Immaculata Nwogo. "An investigation into the stigmatization of HIV-positive clients at clinics in the Leribe district." Diss., 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/3683.
Full textAbstract:
A quantitative approach was used to investigate the stigmatization of HIV positive
clients in the Leribe District of Lesotho. The study population included 5200 HIV positive
patients who enrolled for ARV in government clinics. A randomly selected sample of
520 clients responded through a questionnaire and interviews. The statistical package
(STATA version 9) was used to analyze data. The objectives of the study were to
explore the type and level of stigmatization of HIV-positive clients and to describe ways
in which health workers in the PHC can reduce the stigmatization of HIV-positive clients
at the clinics. The findings revealed that types of stigmatization included separation,
isolation, labeling and discrimination. Ways to reduce the stigma within a community
based primary health care facility included educating people living with HIV on how to
protect themselves from multiple infection, providing effective counselling to clients and
families maintaining confidentiality, and using change strategies to change attitudes of
health care providers. The integration of HIV-related activities is a strong
recommendation and the importance of the consistent availability of ARV treatment was
emphasized.Public Health
M.A. (Public Health)
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Raliphada-Mulaudzi, Fhumulani Mavis. "Reproductive health rights of women in rural communities." Diss., 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/15852.
Full textAbstract:
Reproductive health is very important as it shapes a woman's whole life. Currently there are a lot of obstacles which deny women their rights to reproductive health. The aim of this research was to find out what obstacles deny women the freedom to enjoy their reproductive health in order to establish a contribution which can be used by the Department of Health to improve their services. Descriptive research was conducted, using a survey approach. Convenience sampling was utilized. Participants were selected from a sample of people attending the reproductive health clinic at a hospital and a clinic in the Northern Province. The findings indicate that women are not enjoying reproductive health rights due to low educational level, cultural and societal constraints, low socio economic status and the negative attitude of the providers, of reproductive health services.Contraceptives
Family planning
Health and gender
Health rights
Reproductive choice
Reproductive health
Reproductive rights
Reproductive health care
Women's rights
Rural women
Health Science
M.A.Cur.(Nursing Science)
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Elimi, Ibrahim O. "An estimate of carbon footprint of Ekurhuleni Health District office and provincial clinic employees." Diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/23723.
Full textAbstract:
Climate change is regarded as the greatest threat facing the world today. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded that climate change is caused by human activities, as a result of greenhouse gases (GHGs) being emitted into the atmosphere. Scientific literature on the impact of climate change is well documented, especially for the health sector. The mission of the Gauteng Department of Health (GDoH) is to “contribute towards the reduction of the burden of diseases in all the communities in Gauteng”. Ekurhuleni Health District is part of GDoH and shares a similar mission. However, this mission is under threat due to the direct and indirect impact of climate change on the public health sector. Therefore, it is essential for Ekurhuleni Health District and Provincial Clinics to take measures to reduce their contribution to climate change in the light of improving the health of their constituent. This study estimates the carbon footprint of the employees of Ekurhuleni Health District and Provincial Clinics and determines the knowledge and perception of climate change among managers and operational employees.
The methodologies of the Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHGP) and the Department of Environmental Forestry and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) were used to quantify the carbon footprints of the employees of the Ekurhuleni Health District and Provincial Clinics. A content analysis was applied to determine the knowledge and perception of climate change. The study revealed that Scope 2, indirect emissions (electricity), accounts for 92% (35150 t CO2e) of the total carbon footprints for the period of five years, 2010-2014. Scope 1, direct emission (vehicles), is responsible for 4% (1362 t CO2e) and Scope 3, indirect emissions for ICT, for 2% (862 t CO2e), office paper 1% (181 t CO2e) and air conditioners 1% (458 t CO2e). The majority of employees demonstrated basic knowledge of climate change. However, the concept of GHGs was unfamiliar to most of the employees. In terms of perceptions of climate change, the majority of employees were concerned about the future of the planet and climate change and believed that climate change will impact their job description.
The study recommends the following mitigation measures, among others, to reduce carbon footprints:
(1) electrical vehicles; (2) substituting personal desktops with laptops; and (3) substituting HFC-23 air conditioner refrigerant with R410A. These recommendations have the potential to reduce the carbon emissions by 2445 t CO2e for the period of five (5) years and save R7 875 089 from fuel and power consumption. Furthermore, the District Office and Provincial Clinics can generate a revenue of R293 400 by registering for a CMD project for five years or R1 173 600 for the duration of the project (20 years).Environmental Sciences
M. Sc. (Environmental Management)
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Netangaheni, Thinavhuyo Robert. "A hidden cohort: HIV and AIDS amongst the farming community." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/706.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose
This research project was an attempt to determine situational aspects of HIV and AIDS among the designated farming communities in the Vhembe and Mopani districts of Limpopo Province. Questions arising from the pilot project were premised on the capacity of farmers in these areas to adequately address the daunting reality and prevalence of HIV and AIDS in their communities.
Research Design and Methodology
The research was designed to facilitate the integration of both qualitative and quantitative approaches. A sample of 228 respondents was involved in a triangulated participatory action research method. To the extent that the data collection techniques were triangulated in both nature and focus, HIV/AIDS-related data and information within the designated farming communities was attained with a maximum degree of validity. The data collection techniques used in this regard were: questionnaires, which were distributed to 228 respondents; participant observation; exploratory investigation; unstructured interviews; naturalistic observation; focus group interviews and discussion; and review of documents. The reviewed documents include (primary) sources on HIV/AIDS by the Department of Health and (secondary) sources of literature by various authors presenting a range of perspectives on HIV/AIDS in farming areas.
Findings
The results of the study revealed the absence of a coordinated policy on HIV/AIDS in particular, and health in general; and a vacuous prevalence of basic HIV/AIDS-related information. For instance, knowledge on condom usage as a prevention strategy was ostensibly scant. Currently, primary healthcare services in the area are not available. The sampled farm workers themselves unanimously corroborated that there was no HIV/AIDS policy on the SAFM farms.
Conclusion
Based on the main findings established above, it has become indispensable that comprehensive and multidisciplinary HIV/AIDS policy interventions be initiated by all the relevant stakeholders. Local and provincial healthcare authorities need to provide policy guidelines for the development of such policy, taking the particular needs and circumstances of farm workers. The pervasive degree of insufficient HIV/AIDS knowledge among this group necessitates that such a policy should integrate both a labour perspective and healthcare orientation, rather than perpetuating a separation of the two paradigms. This form of integration ensures that the observance of a human rights dimension becomes a sacrosanct component of the prevention of HIV/AIDS among farm workers, as well as their education concerning their healthcare-related rights as farm employees. Furthermore, the prevalence of a national HIV and AIDS policy is mainly aimed at facilitating broad guidelines, not addressing the specific contexts of every public, corporate and rural employment sector (DoH, 2007: 11-12; Muhlemann, et al., 1992: 479). In order that the education, prevention and treatment initiatives in the Vhembe and Mopani farming communities are achieved, the most important parameters of the policy should indicate:
,,X The systematic institutionalisation of local, provincial, and national HIV and AIDS programmes, notwithstanding the provision of healthcare facilities such as clinics;
,,X The promotion of basic healthcare education in general, and HIV/AIDS awareness and prevention among farm workers in particular;
,,X The development of HIV/AIDS work place policy by SAFM as employer;
,,X The systematic involvement and formation of partnerships between policy makers, local and international funders, HIV/AIDS healthcare workers and practitioners, NGOs and SAFM.
As a critical factor and unit of analysis in the study, SAFM is expected to fulfil a developmental function among its employees, their families, and the local communities. This function could be enhanced further with the collaboration between SAFM and other farmers in the distribution of basic information regarding HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases at the workplace, as well as extensive healthcare education and training for their farming personnel. Trained personnel, especially managers, are a salient factor in the implementation of organisational health and safety requirements (DoH, 2007: 6, 8; Muhlemann, et al., 1992: 478-479).Health Studies
D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)
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Plaatjie, Bulelwa. "The impact of HIV and AIDS on planned parenthood in the area of Mthatha." Diss., 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/3092.
Full text