Academic literature on the topic 'Health aspects of Hydraulic engineering'
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Journal articles on the topic "Health aspects of Hydraulic engineering"
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Rui, Zhang, Tian Yahui, and Li Helin. "Application of improved radar chart in the health evaluation model of hydraulic gate." Mechanics & Industry 23 (2022): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/meca/2022014.
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In view of the multi-factor influence of stress, deflection, vibration, corrosion and other factors involved in the state assessment of hydraulic steel gates, established a gate health assessment system including the target layer, criterion layer and indicator layer. A hydraulic health assessment model combining fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and improved radar chart method is proposed. In this method, the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process is used to determine the weight of each index, and then the improved radar chart method is used to evaluate the criterion layer and the target layer respectively, and the gate evaluation level is standardized and drawn into the radar chart. An example of comprehensive evaluation of a radial gate is given, which visually expresses the various factors that affect the gate. While giving the health evaluation result of the gate state, it fully reflects the actual state of all aspects of the gate.
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Yang, Yanfang, Lei Ding, Jinhua Xiao, Guinan Fang, and Jia Li. "Current Status and Applications for Hydraulic Pump Fault Diagnosis: A Review." Sensors 22, no. 24 (December 11, 2022): 9714. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22249714.
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To implement Prognostics Health Management (PHM) for hydraulic pumps, it is very important to study the faults of hydraulic pumps to ensure the stability and reliability of the whole life cycle. The research on fault diagnosis has been very active, but there is a lack of systematic analysis and summary of the developed methods. To make up for this gap, this paper systematically summarizes the relevant methods from the two aspects of fault diagnosis and health management. In addition, in order to further facilitate researchers and practitioners, statistical and comparative analysis of the reviewed methods is carried out, and a future development direction is prospected.
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Cappon, Femke, Tingting Wu, Theodore Papaioannou, Xinli Du, Po-Lin Hsu, and Ashraf W. Khir. "Mock circulatory loops used for testing cardiac assist devices: A review of computational and experimental models." International Journal of Artificial Organs 44, no. 11 (September 28, 2021): 793–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03913988211045405.
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Heart failure is a major health risk, and with limited availability of donor organs, there is an increasing need for developing cardiac assist devices (CADs). Mock circulatory loops (MCL) are an important in-vitro test platform for CAD’s performance assessment and optimisation. The MCL is a lumped parameter model constructed out of hydraulic and mechanical components aiming to simulate the native cardiovascular system (CVS) as closely as possible. Further development merged MCLs and numerical circulatory models to improve flexibility and accuracy of the system; commonly known as hybrid MCLs. A total of 128 MCLs were identified in a literature research until 25 September 2020. It was found that the complexity of the MCLs rose over the years, recent MCLs are not only capable of mimicking the healthy and pathological conditions, but also implemented cerebral, renal and coronary circulations and autoregulatory responses. Moreover, the development of anatomical models made flow visualisation studies possible. Mechanical MCLs showed excellent controllability and repeatability, however, often the CVS was overly simplified or lacked autoregulatory responses. In numerical MCLs the CVS is represented with a higher order of lumped parameters compared to mechanical test rigs, however, complex physiological aspects are often simplified. In hybrid MCLs complex physiological aspects are implemented in the hydraulic part of the system, whilst the numerical model represents parts of the CVS that are too difficult to represent by mechanical components per se. This review aims to describe the advances, limitations and future directions of the three types of MCLs.
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Doa’ei, Yaser, and Amir Muhammad Jahan. "Application of Artificial Intelligence and Meta-heuristic Algorithms in Civil Health Monitoring Systems." Civil Engineering Journal 4, no. 7 (August 1, 2018): 1653. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-03091102.
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After the discovery and manufacturing of every accomplishment, the mankind tends to make it sustainable in terms of different aspects that one of them can be its durability. Nowadays, a science titled “health monitoring” has provided such a consideration in different fields. For example, civil engineering sciences, in various branches, aim to construct various civil engineering accomplishments, followed by the higher goals of making them durable and healthy. The present study tries to give an account about the various study fields like structural engineering, bridge construction, dam construction, hydraulic and on-beach constructions, road engineering and building, water resources management and so on along with the mentioning of the various methods extant for the implementation of such study fields. But, in between, there is an appropriate method that provides such objectives as cost-effectiveness, access to the entire required details, awareness of the civil infrastructures in order to estimate the remained lifetime of the structure in line with the continuation and/or change of the uses. Also, it has high precision and minimally influenced by the environment, so, it can be said that it has very little error in its collection of information. For instance, this method can be used to evaluate the ruination of the structures based on modal properties, which can have static or dynamic foundations such that the current state of the structure is compared to its ideal state to monitor the degree of the structure’s ruination or its soundness. In present study, it was tried to investigate the artificial intelligence science as one of the richest methods possessing all the prerequisites as well as having more traits in common with the various sub-disciplines of civil engineering so that it can be utilized more comprehensively and in a more centralized manner.
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Lin, Youli, Farshid Maghool, Arul Arulrajah, and Suksun Horpibulsuk. "Engineering Characteristics and Environmental Risks of Utilizing Recycled Aluminum Salt Slag and Recycled Concrete as a Sustainable Geomaterial." Sustainability 13, no. 19 (September 24, 2021): 10633. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131910633.
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Recycled aluminum salt slag (RASS) is an industrial by-product generated from the melting of white dross and aluminum scraps during the secondary smelter process. Insufficient knowledge in the aspects of engineering characteristics, and the environmental risks associated with RASS, is the primary barrier to the utilization of RASS as a substitute material for natural quarry materials in the field of geotechnical construction. In this research, comprehensive geotechnical and environmental engineering tests were conducted to evaluate the feasibility of utilizing RASS as a sustainable geomaterial. This was undertaken by comparing the laboratory testing results for RASS with a well-known recycled material, namely recycled concrete aggregate (RCA), and the relevant specifications set forth by the local road authority. The geotechnical engineering assessment included particle size distribution, flakiness index, organic content, pH, particle density, water absorption, modified Proctor compaction, aggregate impact value, Los Angeles (LA) abrasion, hydraulic conductivity, and California bearing ratio (CBR). The CBR results of the RASS samples satisfied the minimum CBR value (>80%) for usage as pavement subbase material in road construction. In addition, the repeated load triaxial (RLT) tests were carried out on the RASS samples to assess the response of the RASS under cyclic loading conditions. Furthermore, a range of chemical tests, consisting of leaching and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon tests, were also performed on the RASS to address the environmental concerns. Comparing the chemical test results with the environmental protection authorities’ guidelines provided satisfactory evidence that RASS will not pose any environmental and health issues throughout its service life as a geotechnical construction material.
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Shirzad, Akbar, and Massoud Tabesh. "New indices for reliability assessment of water distribution networks." Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 65, no. 5 (June 16, 2016): 384–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2016.091.
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This paper presents new indices to evaluate the reliability of water distribution networks (WDNs) usable in the design, planning and management of these networks. Since the pressure-driven analysis (PDA) of WDNs produces more accurate results than the demand-driven analysis, the new indices are proposed based on the PDA. In the proposed measures, nodal pressures, nodal available discharges and the energy loss per unit length of pipes are considered as the main factors influencing the reliability of WDNs. The introduced network reliability index is a combination of two indices named total nodal reliability and total pipe reliability. These indices are equal to the weighted average of all of the nodal and pipe reliabilities, respectively. A sample network is used to evaluate the new proposed index and some of the available indices and to compare their efficiencies in assessing the reliability of WDNs. The results show that the new proposed index is more efficient and outperforms the others. The introduced index is normalized and is independent of the WDN size. This index considers the qualitative aspects of WDNs besides the hydraulic aspects in evaluating reliability.
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Rylance, Martin. "Guest Editorial: Unconventional Development Approaches Health Check, and Where We Have To Go." Journal of Petroleum Technology 73, no. 11 (November 1, 2021): 10–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/1121-0010-jpt.
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The direction of unconventional developments has been a roller-coaster ride, not only in the realms of financing and profitability, but very much in the technical execution of the well construction and the completion phases, too. This is particularly the case for those aspects relating to the completion and hydraulic fracturing operations. There are few parties, I believe, that would disagree that the drilling com-munity rapidly delivered an extremely coherent and efficient learning curve, something that the completion/fracturing discipline has unfortunately been much slower to achieve. This is not in the least surprising. Effectively extending conventional technologies and focusing on key requirements (i.e., getting from point A to point B) worked well for drilling teams. In a commendable and efficient manner, they were able to readily deploy and incrementally learn in an almost linear fashion. This achieved remarkable delivery records across all unconventional plays. Completions however, namely hydraulic fracturing, has been a very different journey and involves solving a very different problem, one with many more variables, inherent complexities, and multiple degrees of freedom. With each unconventional play potentially being distinct (just as with drilling), these differences can, however, extend to impactful areal trends and features within the plays, as well as subtle variations along individual lateral wellbores. For example, unlike drilling, the form (and even sequence) of an offset wellbore completion can easily affect the completion operations in the current wellbore. It is quite likely that much of the initial misdirection of energy and effort resulted from an overenthusiastic application of conventional planar fracturing technology and knowledge to the unconventional environment. Perhaps the initial lack of effective diagnostic tools and approaches played a role, something that appears to have been understandably addressed in recent years. However, there was also a likely inherent engineering bias in the industry’s fracturing staff engineers. The bulk of the industry engineers had entered unconventionals off at least 2 decades of well understood, well defined, and highly effective physics-based analysis of conventional planar fracturing operations. Indeed, in some areas this fallacy continues. For example, proppant selection is ostensibly performed based on long-established criterion set in place in the 1970s and 1980s, and wholly appropriate to planar fracturing. Whereas the reality is that proppant plays multiple very different roles in unconventionals, bridging, plugging, wedging, diverting, etc. This has led to a “tearing up of the rule book” situation within the sector (that is ongoing) as poorer-quality sands and micro-/nanoproppants find applicability, as well as quality ceramics for a strategic place in the fracture. Yet, you may ask any frac engineer to select proppant for unconventionals and they will almost immediately request data on performance at 2 lb/ft2, as though we are flowing through proppant packs across the entire created geometry. This significantly enhanced level of complexity has led to a general failure of the linear model in terms of effectiveness in progressing optimum completion solutions. As a result, the early years of unconventional completion learning were largely “lost” in this linear way.
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Lübken, M., M. Wichern, F. Bischof, S. Prechtl, and H. Horn. "Development of an empirical mathematical model for describing and optimizing the hygiene potential of a thermophilic anaerobic bioreactor treating faeces." Water Science and Technology 55, no. 7 (April 1, 2007): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.132.
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Poor sanitation and insufficient disposal of sewage and faeces are primarily responsible for water associated health problems in developing countries. Domestic sewage and faeces are prevalently discharged into surface waters which are used by the inhabitants as a source for drinking water. This paper presents a decentralized anaerobic process technique for handling of such domestic organic waste. Such an efficient and compact system for treating faeces and food waste may be of great benefit for developing countries. Besides a stable biogas production for energy generation, the reduction of bacterial pathogens is of particular importance. In our research we investigated the removal capacity of the reactor concerning pathogens, which has been operated under thermophilic conditions. Faecal coliforms and intestinal enterococci have been detected as indicator organisms for bacterial pathogens. By the multiple regression analysis technique an empirical mathematical model has been developed. The model shows a high correlation between removal efficiency and both, hydraulic retention time (HRT) and temperature. By this model an optimized HRT for defined bacterial pathogens effluent standards can be easily calculated. Thus, hygiene potential can be evaluated along with economic aspects. In this paper not only results for describing the hygiene potential of a thermophilic anaerobic bioreactor are presented, but also an exemplary method to draw the right conclusions out of biological tests with the aid of mathematical tools.
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Zheleznyakov, G. V. "Hydraulic and hydrologic aspects of engineering ecology." Hydrotechnical Construction 31, no. 3 (March 1997): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02767191.
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Dey, Ayanangshu. "Hydraulic design and engineering aspects of combined sewers." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer 166, no. 4 (December 2013): 216–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/muen.12.00055.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Health aspects of Hydraulic engineering"
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Guiny, Eliane M. "Hydraulic and biological aspects of fish passes for dams." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2001. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1565/.
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The primary purpose of the dissertation is to quantify the efficiency and operation of various types of fish passes for dams. This is achieved through a novel experiment of testing juvenile salmon in a scale model fish-passes with a range of small structures including vertical slots, orifices, weirs and combinations of all three. Direct comparisons of the efficiency of each type of fish pass in terms of upstream migration. Two identical physical models were constructed, one at the Fisheries Research Services Freshwater Laboratory at Almondbank, Perth, Scotland where observations were made of fish behaviour. The other model at the University of Glasgow, Glasgow tested only hydraulic conditions. The physical models were simplified representations of a reach of a river downstream of a dam, weir or any other obstruction to fish migration. A removable cross wall incorporating one of the types of pass tested divided the flume into two pools. A significantly higher proportion of fish moved through submerged orifices or vertical slots than through weirs for a given flow rate and velocity. The orifice and vertical slot passing efficiencies are directly correlated to the velocities existing in their vicinity. To reach the weir/slot/orifice devices, salmon parr tended also to stay near the bottom of the flume and followed a path along the sides of the arena, which provided them with low velocities and cover. In the vicinity of the weir/orifice/slot devices, the movements of salmon parr were consistent with energy-conserving strategies. Clearly, the extrapolations of results from the behaviour of small to large salmon remains cautious, the intention of this research being to characterise the behaviour of small salmon and to develop clear testable hypotheses about how large salmon may respond to water flow. Preliminary field tests were then conducted at Tongland Dam fish pass to test the main recommendation extrapolated from the parr behavioural study. The particular situation of this fish pass, which contains both weirs and orifices, allows a comparison between the two. Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) tags together with antennae installed at a weir and an orifice were used to individually monitor the movement of wild spawning salmon passing through the fish pass. The results of the field test are as yet, inconclusive.
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Silva, Jonny Carlos da. "Expert system prototype for hydraulic system design focusing on concurent engineering aspects /." Florianópolis, SC, 1998. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/77609.
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Tese (Doutorado)- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico.Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-17T05:48:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2016-01-08T23:41:14Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 140111.pdf: 6168050 bytes, checksum: c9535fdd5afea16f4e8a40212072887e (MD5)
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Grinnell, S. "The social health and well-being impacts associated with hydraulic fracturing." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2018. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/9919/.
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In 2014, the UK Government announced they were, 'going all out for shale gas,' as part of the UKs need to change the energy landscape to focus on security of supply, economic benefits, (reduction of imports), the need to cut carbon emissions and further establish renewable sources. Subsequent licencing to explore for Shale Gas resulted in significant publicised protests concerning environmental issues. Published literature in the form of Case Studies and completed Health Impact Assessments, of which there is a paucity, tend to support these concerns. However, clearly absent from this literature, are the Social Health and Well-Being Impacts (Social Determinants of Health) associated with Hydraulic Fracturing. Data was gathered using an on-line questionnaire which was open for six weeks. The questionnaire included both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection. Ninety four respondents completed the questionnaire providing over seven hundred pieces of information and comments. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data sets. The results of this analysis indicate that the threat to the quality of life, environmental concerns and a lack of confidence in the governance of the decision-making process as key factors in the perceptions of the participants. The complexities of these themes were then visually described using causal loop modelling techniques. The research concludes that the public have a very negative and mistrustful perception of Government, Statutory Bodies and the Oil and Gas Industry. Frequently cited social impacts include, stress, anxiety, loss of control and negative impacts on communities including environmental pollution. The implications of this research are that authorities and relevant bodies need to pay far more attention to people and community needs when granting and considering planning consent and licences.
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Cheema, Mahmood A. (Mahmood Ahmad). "Environmental health, risk analysis and safety aspects of nuclear magnetic resonance and spectroscopy systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/129503.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, 1991.Title as it appears in the June, 1991 M.I.T. Graduate List: Geochemistry and petrogenesis of basalts from Broken Ridge and Naturaliste Plateau, S.E. Indian Ocean.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 47-48).
by Mahmood A. Cheema.
Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, 1991.
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Eizagguirre-Garcia, Domingo. "Industrial toxic waste and health : a practical case study." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1996. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/710/.
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The objective of this thesis is to develop a standard, simple methodology for the assessment of health in areas near sources of pollution. This methodology should make use of readily available data and computing facilities. A literature review on previous studies on the subject was carried out in order to draw from existing experience. A total of twenty-five studies on health near sources of pollution were reviewed. These studies were carried out between 1982 and 1991, most of them in Britain, two in France. The types of pollution sources studied ranged from waste dumps to incinerators, to nuclear power stations. Each study was described, stressing on their respective backgrounds, building on geographical (study) areas, data, analysis and results. Brief synopses of the studies were next grouped, according to those using conventional epidemiological methods and more innovative ones. Finally, it was concluded from the review that the methodology intended should be descriptive, making use of routinely collected data, with a study area based on small geographical divisions (small areas) and taking into account socio-economic differences over its study area. In the absence of accurate data on pollution levels, and from the previous experience of one of the studies reviewed, circular study areas centred on the source of pollution and subdivided into rings were used, with distance of each ring to the centre as a proxy indicator of levels of pollution. The new methodology was found valid and the objective of the study was met. It compared favourably with previously reviewed methodologies. The methodology is intended to be used as a descriptive, exploratory tool, whose findings may warrant further analytic studies, which the method is not designed to, and can not, replace. The use of routinely collected data greatly facilitated the study, although caveats for future studies exist on them. Distance as a surrogate for exposure is seen as a simplistic approach, but in the absence of reliable exposure data it is a useful one. Standardization by Deprivation category has also been found useful to account for factors for which little data exist.
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Muller, Sabine. "A simple ergonomic intervention for neck and upper back musculoskeletal pain in computer users." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96938.
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Thesis (MScPhysio)--Stellenbosch University, 2015ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background: The use of computers at school, university, work and for social media is growing and whilst neck pain is common in the general population, computer users have an even higher prevalence. Incorrect workstation ergonomics have been identified as a risk factor for the development of neck pain in computer workers. Aims: To assess the effect of adjusting chair and monitor height of a female office worker’s computer workstation on work related neck and upper back pain intensity, comfort of her sitting posture and disability. Methods: An N=1 study was conducted using the A-B-C design consisting of a computer workstation adjustment involving chair and monitor height of a female office worker. The effect of the intervention was evaluated using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) to measure neck and upper back pain intensity and comfort of sitting position, and the Neck Disability Index to measure disability. The effect of the intervention was assessed over the three phases, consisting of four weeks each. During these phases, the participant could continue with her usual computer work. The results were compiled and tabulated. Results: A reduction in neck and upper back pain intensity as well as an increase in sitting comfort position were found. However these improvements were not statistically or clinically significant. The effect size for pain intensity was 0.76 and for sitting comfort 0.21. The participant reported no disability as measured by the Neck Disability Index, at the start and at the end at the end of the study. Conclusion: The vertical adjustment of this female office worker’s chair and monitor height according to her anthropometrics improved neck and upper back pain intensity and comfort of sitting position. This ergonomic workstation intervention could form part of a practical management option for computer users with neck and upper back pain. Further research is recommended to establish whether these findings are generalizable to the wider community of computer users.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Probleemstelling: Die gebruik van rekenaars by skole, universiteite, werksplekke en vir sosiale doeleindes neem toe. Nek pyn kom dikwels in die algemene bevolking voor, maar dit is meer prevalent in rekenaargebruikers. ‘n Werkstasie wat nie ergonomies korrek opgestel is nie, is geidentifiseer as ‘n risikofaktor vir die ontwikkeling van nekpyn in rekenaar werkers. Doelwitte: Om te bepaal of aanpassings in die stoel- en beeldskerm hoogte van ‘n vroulike kantoor werker se rekenaar werkstasie, ‘n effek het op werksverwante nek en boonste rug pyn, sitgemak en funksionele vermoë. Methode: Die N=1 studie met ‘n A-B-C ontwerp is onderneem en het bestaan uit n rekenaar werkstasie aanpassing waarby die hoogte van die stoel en beeldskerm van ‘n vroulike relenaargebruiker aangepas is. Die effek van die intervensie is ge-evalueer deur middle van die visueel analoogskaal (VAS) om pyn en sitgemak te bepaal; en die Nek Ongeskiktheids Indeks (NOI) om gestremtheid te bepaal. Die effek van die intervensie is oor drie fases, wat elk bestaan het uit vier weke, evalueer. Gedurende die fases, kon die deelnemer met haar gewone rekenaarwerk voortgaan. Die resultate is saamgestel en getabuleer. Resultate: Daar was ‘n vemindering in die intensiteit van nekpyn, boonste rug pyn en die sitgemak van die individu het ook verbeter. Hierdie verbeteringe was egter nie statisties of klinies betekenisvol nie. Die effek grootte vir pyn intensiteit was 0.76 en vir sitgemak was 0.21. Die deelnemer het geen gestremdheid gerapporteer, soos gemeet met die NOI met aanvangs van die studie of teen die einde van die studie nie. Gevolgtrekking: Die vertikale hoogte-aanpassing van die stoel en beeldskerm van hierdie vroulike rekenaar werker volgens haar antropometrie het bygedra tot ‘n verbetering in nek en boonste rug pyn, asook sitgemak. Hierdie ergonomiese werkstasie intervensie kan deel vorm van die praktiese hantering van nek en boonste rug pyn in rekenaargebruikers. Verdere navorsing wod aanbeveel om te bepaal of hierdie bevindinge veralgemeenbaar is na die wyer gemeenskap van rekenaarverbruikers.
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Du, Toit Willem Johannes. "The relationship between health and safety and human risk taking behaviour in the South African electrical construction industry." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1009529.
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Mankind, and the development of people, exists due to risk-taking behaviour. It is not that humans should not take risks, but rather the ability to identify the magnitude of risk exposure in order that mankind‟s actions would be so selected as to mitigate exposed risk factors, that no harm should befall them. The approach to health and safety (H&S) has always been to manage H&S environmental factors that could have a negative impact on people, capital, and organisational systems. However, the critical component of human risk-taking behaviour that would have a far greater impact has rarely been acknowledged as part of the drivers that increase risk exposure. Human behaviour is a major contributing factor in accident causation. Although human error cannot be completely eliminated, it should be identified and correctly managed according to each individual‟s risk-taking profile. The reason people decide to take certain risks under certain conditions and the effect it has on H&S management systems is a key component to managing organisational risk exposure. To quantify the value of individual risk-taking behaviour could provide management with better opportunities of lowering the organisational risk exposure. Human risk-taking behaviour is influenced by each individual‟s perception of risk. Such perception of risk will influence decisions on risk-taking behaviour, which in turn is influenced by the individual‟s psychological profile and environmental factors, including character and the impact of a cultural environment. The electrical construction and maintenance industry differs from other similar industries in that the physical entity of electricity requires not only sensory perception for the identification and evaluation of risk factors, but also requires specialised knowledge and testing equipment to evaluate the parameters of electrical installation, plant or equipment. Without such competence, direct exposure to most electrical installations could be fatal. The optimum human resource (HR) solution for managing the risk potential of high risk-taking behaviour is the rating and allocation of specific job tasks that can match and limit the individual potential for risk-taking behaviour and the impact on organisational incident statistics. Maintaining and optimising employee job performance enables organisations to better achieve pre-set goals and missions. Such improvements being a catalyst for better job performance by setting limitations on high risk-taking behaviour, that will improve H&S performance by lowering incident rates.
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Moore, Adam. "An Empirical Study of Particulate Matter Exposure for Transit Users at Bus Stop Shelters." PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/870.
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Congested traffic corridors in dense urban areas are key contributors to the degradation of urban air quality. While waiting at bus stops, transit patrons may be exposed to greater amounts of vehicle-based pollution, including particulate matter, due to their proximity to the roadway. Current guidelines for the location and design of bus stops do not take into account air quality or exposure considerations. This thesis provides a unique contribution to roadside air quality studies and presents an innovative method for the consideration of bus shelter placement. Exposure to roadside pollutants is estimated for transit riders waiting at three-sided bus stop shelters that either: 1) face roadway traffic, or 2) face away from roadway traffic. Shelters were instrumented with particulate matter monitoring equipment, sonic anemometers for wind speed and direction, and vehicle counters capable of categorizing vehicles by length. Temperature and relative humidity were gathered from a nearby monitoring station. Data were collected for two different days at three shelters during both the morning and afternoon peak periods for a total of eleven data periods. Bus shelter orientation is found to significantly affect concentration of four sizes of particulate matter: ultrafine particles, PM1, PM2.5, and PM10. Shelters with an opening oriented towards the roadway were observed to have significantly higher concentrations inside the shelter than outside the shelter. In contrast, shelters oriented away from the roadway were observed to have significantly lower concentrations inside the shelter than outside the shelter. The differences in average particulate matter concentrations are statistically significant across all four sizes of particulate matter studied. Additional correlation and linear regression investigation reveals interactions between particulate concentrations and built environment characteristics, vehicle flow, and weather conditions. Temperature and relative humidity played a large role in the diurnal variation of average concentration levels. In all instances, particulate concentrations were greater during the morning period, often substantially so. Particulate concentrations are shown to vary based on both wind speed and direction. Vehicle flow is correlated with particulate levels, though significance is not consistent. Lagged vehicle flow is demonstrated to be more consistently significant. Regression analysis suggests weather factors such as wind, temperature, and relative humidity explain roughly 70% of particulate variation, while vehicle flow explains less than 6%.
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Espinal, Dayana. "A comparison of measurement techniques used for 3-D pointing tests." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2001. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/221.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Engineering
Engineering
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James, Genevieve. "The effect of personalised adjustments to computer workstations on the efficiency and physical comfort of computer operators." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005190.
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The present study sought to investigate the effects of a Standard workstation, designed for “average” users, on an anthropometrically diverse sample of computer operators, and to assess whether physical and perceptual responses, as well as performance efficiency were dependent on stature. Further investigation assessed the influence of personalised adjustments to the Standard workstation, based on the anthropometric characteristics of the subjects, as well as the introduction of a custom-designed ‘floating’ wrist support, on subject responses. All subjects (n=30) were tested in each of the three workstations: Standard, Personalised and Wrist Support. For analysis of responses in the Standard workstation, subjects were divided into three groups depending on their stature: Short (<1650mm), Medium (1650mm to 1800mm), Tall (>1800mm). The musculoskeletal responses indicated that Tall subjects were forced to adopt the most awkward general body postures as a result of the low computer screen. However, the low screen allowed for the Short subjects to adopt the most natural general body postures, although levels of muscular activity in the upper trapezius suggest that the muscular load imposed on both Short and Tall subjects was significantly greater than that imposed on the Medium subjects. In addition, the Medium subjects’ perceptions of the Standard workstation dimensions support the fact that this workstation was better suited to users with “average” morphologies. The responses elicited in the Personalised and Wrist Support workstations were improved significantly when compared to the Standard workstation. Joint angles were more natural, upper trapezius EMG was reduced, standard of performance improved and perceptual responses indicated a diminished incidence of body and visual discomfort, as well as greater perceived satisfaction with these workstation dimensions. The improved physical responses suggest a decrease in the risk of developing cumulative trauma disorders. Although subjects were unaccustomed to the wrist support device, this workstation demonstrated a further reduction in the range of wrist angles, as well as a general positive attitude towards the concept.
Books on the topic "Health aspects of Hydraulic engineering"
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Dams and disease: Ecological design and health impacts of large dams, canals, and irrigation systems. London: E & FN Spon, 1999.
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National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering (1994 Buffalo, N.Y.). Hydraulic engineering '94: Proceedings of the 1994 Conference : Buffalo, New York, August 1-5, 1994. New York, N.Y: American Society of Civil Engineers, 1994.
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Handbook of hydraulic fracturing. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016.
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Nauchno-tekhnicheskoe soveshchanie "Ledotermicheskie aspekty ėkologii v gidroėnergetike" (1993 Saint Petersburg, Russia). Ledotermicheskie aspekty ėkologii v gidroėnergetike: "Led-93", Sankt-Peterburg, 23-26 noi͡a︡bri͡a︡ 1993 g. Sankt-Peterburg: AO "VNIIG im. B.E. Vedeneeva", 1994.
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United States. Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Army (Civil Works). Lower Cumberland and Tennessee rivers, Kentucky Lock addition: Communication from the Assistant Secretary of the Army (Civil Works), transmitting a letter from the Chief of Engineers, Department of the Army, dated June 1, 1992, submitting a report together with accompanying papers and illustrations. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1999.
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Shui li gong cheng jing ji xue. Beijing Shi: Zhongguo shui li shui dian chu ban she, 2008.
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Shui li gong cheng jing ji = Shuili gongcheng jingji. Wuchang: Wuhan da xue chu ban she, 2002.
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Rudakov, V. K. Okhrana territoriĭ pri gidrotekhnicheskom i meliorativnom stroitelʹstve. Kiev: "Urozhaĭ", 1987.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Health aspects of Hydraulic engineering"
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Schierl, Rudolf, and Uta Ochmann. "Occupational Health Aspects of Platinum." In Environmental Science and Engineering, 463–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44559-4_28.
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Cairncross, Sandy, and Richard Feachem. "Health aspects of waste use." In Environmental Health Engineering in the Tropics, 251–62. Third edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. |Includes bibliographical references and index.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315883946-14.
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Guo, Wenxian, Ziqiang Xia, and Hongxiang Wang. "Connotation and Evaluation Indicators System of River Health." In Advances in Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, 423–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89465-0_74.
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Longhua, Wu, Hao Qingfang, and Li Wenbin. "Study on the Diagnoses Index System for River Health." In Advances in Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, 497–501. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89465-0_86.
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Yu, Fengcun, Guohua Fang, and Yongxiao Cao. "Study on Evaluation Index and Methods of River Ecosystem Health." In Advances in Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, 393–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89465-0_69.
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Liu, Cun, Shi-Lu Zhang, Wen-Yan Cui, Chao Lin, and Jun Zhang. "The Review of River Health Assessment in China." In Sustainable Development of Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering in China, 175–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61630-8_14.
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Medishetty, Ananda Shivani, Navya Sahithi Muthavarapu, Sai Goutham Goli, B. Sirisha, and B. Sandhya. "Health Monitoring of Hydraulic System Using Feature-based Multivariate Time-series Classification Model." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 81–92. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6781-4_7.
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Jocanović, Mitar, Slađan Andrić, Milovan Lazarević, and Dejan Lukić. "Example of Good Maintenance Practice for Maintaining the Health of a Hydraulic System." In Machine and Industrial Design in Mechanical Engineering, 379–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88465-9_36.
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Hadley, John G. "Health Aspects of Fibrous Glass: Current Status." In A Collection of Papers Presented at the 53nd Conference on Glass Problems: Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings, Volume 14, Issue 3/4, 181–89. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470314098.ch15.
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Kinsman, Bradley Q., and John L. Cherill. "Environmental and Health Aspects of Glass Furnace Repairs." In Materials & Equipment/Whitewares: Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings, Volume 7, Issue 11/12, 1256–73. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470320365.ch11.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Health aspects of Hydraulic engineering"
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Vasiliev, Alexander D. "Modeling of Thermal Hydraulics Aspects of Combined Top and Bottom Water Reflood Experiment PARAMETER-SF2 Using SOCRAT 2.1 Code." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-69043.
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The PARAMETER-SF2 test conditions simulated a severe LOCA (Loss of Coolant Accident) nuclear power plant sequence in which the overheated up to 1700÷2300K core would be reflooded from the top and the bottom in occasion of ECCS (Emergency Core Cooling System) recovery. The test was successfully conducted at the NPO “LUTCH”, Podolsk, Russia, in April 3, 2007 and was the second of two experiments to be performed in the frame of ISTC 3194 Project. PARAMETER facility of NPO “LUTCH”, Podolsk, is designed for studies of the VVER fuel assemblies behavior under conditions simulating design basis, beyond design basis and severe accidents. After the maximum cladding temperature of 1750K was reached in the bundle during PARAMETER-SF2 test, the top flooding (flow rate 40g/s) was begun and later approximately in 30 s the bottom flooding (flow rate 100g/s) was initiated. Two-phase (water and steam) flow determined the fuel assembly cooling conditions. The thermal hydraulic and SFD (Severe Fuel Damage) best estimate numerical complex SOCRAT 2.1 was used for the calculation of PARAMETER-SF2 experiment. Thermal hydraulics in PARAMETER-SF2 experiment played very important role and its adequate modeling is important for the thermal analysis. The results obtained by the complex SOCRAT 2.1 were compared with experimental data concerning different aspects of thermal hydraulics behavior including convective and radiative heat transfer in the bundle and the CCFL (counter-current flooding limitation) phenomenon during the reflood. The temperature experimental data were found to be in a good agreement with calculated results. It is indicative of the adequacy of modeling the complicated thermo-hydraulic behavior in the PARAMETER-SF2 test.
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Chatterjee, B., A. Srivastava, D. Mukhopadhyay, P. Majumdar, H. G. Lele, and S. K. Gupta. "Thermal Hydraulic Analysis Due to the Changes in Heat Removal for Advanced Heavy Water Reactor." In 12th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone12-49147.
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Advanced Heavy Water Reactor is natural circulation light water cooled and heavy water moderated pressure tube type of reactor. Changes in heat removal by primary heat transport system of a reactor have significant impact on various important system parameters like pressures, qualities, reactor power and flows. Increase in heat removal leads to Cooldown of the system subsequently reducing pressure, void increase and changes in power and flows of the system. Decrease in heat removal leads to warm-up of the system subsequently raising pressure, void collapse, and changes in power and flows of the system. The behaviour is complex as system under consideration is natural circulation system. Causes for events under category of increase in heat removal are mainly malfunctioning of feed water heaters, Isolation Condensers (IC) inlet valves and controllers. These events lead to cooldown of system and addition of positive reactivity addition due to void collapse. Various events considered are Feed Water System malfunctions that result in decrease in feed water temperature, inadvertent opening of IC valve, Failure of PHT Pressure Control System and Decrease in pressure controller set point to 67 bars. Causes for events under category of decrease in heat removal are mainly malfunctioning of controllers, feedwater valves and operating events like turbine trip. Functioning of passive cooling system and different valves play important role for these events. These events lead to increase in system pressure. Various events considered are Loss of normal feed water flow (multiple trains), Turbine trip without bypass without IC, Turbine trip without bypass with IC, Turbine trip with bypass without IC, Increase in PHT pressure controller set point, Decrease in level controller set point, Turbine Trip with setback, Decrease in steam flow and Class IV power failure. Changes in the system voids and pressures as a result of change in the heat removal leads to complex reactivity feedback due to coolant temperatures, void fraction and fuel temperatures. These changes in the reactor power together with void distribution change affect two-phase natural circulation flow. This paper brings out these aspects. It discusses descretisation of the system and brings out various design aspects. In this paper summary of analysis for each event is presented, various modeling complexities are brought out, evaluation of acceptance criteria is made and design implications of each event is discussed.
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O¨zdemir, Mehmed Rafet, Ali Kos¸ar, Orc¸un Demir, Cemre O¨zenel, and Og˘uzhan Bahc¸ivan. "Thermal Hydraulic, Exergy and Exergy-Economic Analysis of Micro Heat Sinks at High Flow Rates." In ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2010-25239.
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Recently, micro/nanofabrication technology has been used to develop a number of microfluidic systems. With its integration to microfluidic devices, microchannels and micro scale pin fin heat sinks find applications in many areas such as drug delivery and propulsion in biochemical reaction chambers and micro mixing. Many research efforts have been performed to reveal thermal and hydrodynamic performances of microchannel based micro fluidic devices. In the current study, it is aimed to extend the knowledge on this field by investigating heat and fluid flow in micro heat sinks at high flow rates. Moreover, thermodynamic and thermo-economic aspects were also considered. De-ionized water was used as the coolant in the system. Flow rates were measured over pressures of 20–80 psi. A serpentine heater was deposited at the back of the micro pin fin devices to enable the delivery of heat to these devices. Two micro-pin fin devices each having different geometrical properties (Circular based and Hydrofoil based) were used in this study. In addition, the performances (thermal-hydraulic, exergy, exergo-economic) were also experimentally obtained for a plain microchannel device. Thermal resistances, exergy efficiencies and thermo-economic parameters were obtained from the devices and their performances were assessed.
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Hari, Sridhar, Yassin A. Hassan, and Jiyuan Y. Tu. "Simulation of a Subcooled Boiling Experiment Using RELAP5/MOD3.2 Computer Code." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-1133.
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Abstract The results of a low-pressure subcooled flow boiling experiment simulated with the RELAP5/MOD3.2 thermal-hydraulic computer program are presented. The objective of the present study is to assess the suitability of application of the RELAP5 computer program for the thermal hydraulic safety analysis of research reactors. These reactors as the High Flux Australian reactor HIFAR operate at near-atmospheric pressures with upward forced convective flow. Subcooled boiling phenomenon plays an important role in the heat transfer aspects of this reactor. It is found that the void fraction profile predicted by the code for the various experimental conditions differ considerably from the experimental results.
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Saidi, Arash, Daniel Eriksson, and Bengt Sundén. "Analysis of Heat Exchanger Concepts for Use As Gas Turbine Intercoolers." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/htd-24321.
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Abstract This paper presents a discussion and comparison of some heat exchanger types readily applicable to use as intercoolers in gas turbine systems. The present study concerns a heat duty of the intercooler for a gas turbine of around 17 MW power output. Four different types of air-water heat exchangers are considered. This selection is motivated because of the practical aspects of the problem. Each configuration is discussed and explained, regarding advantages and disadvantages. The available literature on the pressure drop and heat transfer correlations is used to determine the thermal-hydraulic performance of the various heat exchangers. Then a comparison of the intercooler core volume, weight, pressure drop is presented.
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O’Brien, James E., Piyush Sabharwall, and SuJong Yoon. "Development of a Multi-Loop Flow and Heat Transfer Facility for Advanced Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulic and Hybrid Energy System Studies." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-39057.
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A new high-temperature multi-fluid, multi-loop test facility for advanced nuclear applications is under development at the Idaho National Laboratory. The facility will include three flow loops: high-temperature helium, molten salt, and steam/water. Molten salts have been identified as excellent candidate heat transport fluids for primary or secondary coolant loops, supporting advanced high temperature and small modular reactors (SMRs). Details of some of the design aspects and challenges of this facility, which is currently in the conceptual design phase, are discussed. A preliminary design configuration will be presented, with the required characteristics of the various components. The loop will utilize advanced high-temperature compact printed-circuit heat exchangers (PCHEs) operating at prototypic intermediate heat exchanger (IHX) conditions. The initial configuration will include a high-temperature (750°C), high-pressure (7 MPa) helium loop thermally integrated with a molten fluoride salt (KF-ZrF4) flow loop operating at low pressure (0.2 MPa) at a temperature of ∼450°C. Experiment design challenges include identification of suitable materials and components that will withstand the required loop operating conditions. Corrosion and high temperature creep behavior are major considerations. The facility will include a thermal energy storage capability designed to support scaled process heat delivery for a variety of hybrid energy systems and grid stabilization strategies. Experimental results obtained from this research will also provide important data for code verification and validation (V&V) related to these systems.
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Kandlikar, Satish G., and William J. Grande. "Evolution of Microchannel Flow Passages: Thermohydraulic Performance and Fabrication Technology." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32043.
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This paper provides a roadmap of development in the thermal and fabrication aspects of microchannels as applied in the microelectronics and other high heat-flux cooling applications. Microchannels are defined as flow passages that have hydraulic diameters in the range of 10 to 200 micrometers. The impetus for microchannel research was provided by the pioneering work of Tuckerman and Pease [1] at Stanford University in the early eighties. Since that time, this technology has received considerable attention in microelectronics and other major application areas, such as fuel cell systems and advanced heat sink designs. After reviewing the advancement in heat transfer technology from a historical perspective, advantages of using microchannels in high heat flux cooling applications is discussed, and research done on various aspects of microchannel heat exchanger performance is reviewed. Single-phase performance for liquids is expected to be still describable by the conventional equations; however the gas flow may be influenced by the rarefaction effects. Two-phase flow is another topic that is still under active research. The evolution of research into microchannel heat sinks has paralleled the advancements made in microfabrication technology. The earliest microchannels were built using anisotropic wet chemical etching techniques based on alkali solutions. While this method has been exploited successfully, it does impose certain restrictions on silicon wafer type and geometry. Recently, anisotropic dry etching processes have been developed that circumvent these restrictions. In addition, dry etching methods can be significantly faster and, from a manufacturing standpoint, create fewer contamination and waste treatment problems. Advances in fabrication technology will continue to fuel improvements in microchannel heat sink performance and cost for the foreseeable future. Some fabrication areas that may spur advances include new materials, high aspect ratio patterning techniques other than dry etching, active fluid flow elements, and micromolding.
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Li, Fei, Feng Shen, Ning Bai, and Zhaocan Meng. "Comparison and Analysis on Two Kinds of Passive Residual Heat Removal System Designs Under Station Blackout Accident for Integral Small Modular Reactor." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-66181.
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Small Modular Reactor has gained much attention in recent years. The passive residual heat removal system (PRHRS) is designed to increase the inherent safety features of the Integral Small Modular Reactor. There are many differences on the design of PRHRS. To get a comprehensive understanding of the PRHRS design in ISMRs, two simplified simulation models of ISMRs with different PRHRS design are built by the use of thermal hydraulic system code Relap5/Mod3.2 in this paper. A blackout accident is introduced to study the different performance between two PRHRS design models. The calculation results show that both two cases can successfully remove decay heat from the core. But there are still some differences between two cases in aspects of primary and PRHRS coolant parameters. Comparisons of the results from two cases are conducted in this paper, and the differences are carefully analyzed too.
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Dvergsnes, Erik Wolden, and Eric Cayeux. "On the Importance of the Coupling Between Transient Mechanical, Hydraulic and Thermal Effects for the Modelling of Real-Time Drilling Operations." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-95062.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Because of the increased importance for the drilling industry to deliver drilling automation solutions, model-based applications for the analysis and control of the drilling process, have become an attractive approach towards improved performance and increased safety. A critical characteristic for such applications is its ability to perform accurate simulations of the drilling operation in real-time, based on a detailed description of the wellbore. In a real-time context, the boundary conditions of the drilling system are seldom constant, therefore reinforcing the importance of utilizing transient models of the drilling process instead of steady state ones. Typical domains that require modelling are related to the mechanical, hydraulic and heat transfer aspects of a drilling operation. The time constants of the force-, momentum-, mass- and energy-conservation equations are sufficiently different to allow for solving each of these equations with different time discretization schemes. Yet, side effects influence the results from each other’s and therefore a time coupling shall nevertheless be accounted for. For instance, for a drilling operation conducted on a floater, the heave induced movement at the top of the string propagates along the drill-string, therefore causing a displacement that induces swab and surge pressure variations, which themselves generate counter-acting forces on the drill-string. In such conditions, both the mechanical and hydraulic frictions generate heat that changes the in situ thermal conditions and therefore the drilling fluid mass density and its rheological behavior. Consequently, heat exchange caused by the drill-string and fluid movements also influences the hydraulic response of the system. Furthermore, thermal expansion will also apply to the drill-string. In this paper, we discuss recent advances related to the coupling between transient mechanical, hydraulic and thermal models, where a key criterion is that the combined drilling model shall be capable of running in real-time on a standard computer. Incorporating these transient models is considered a necessary step towards improved accuracy of simulations, especially on floaters, where heave effects become important. We illustrate various effects by presenting and discussing several simulations results in detail.
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Stosic, Zoran V., and Vladimir D. Stevanovic. "Multiphasing CFD." In 10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone10-22205.
Full textAbstract:
Computational fluid dynamics for multiphase flows is an emerging field. Due to the complexity and divergence of multiphase thermal and hydraulic problems, further development of multiphase flow modelling, closure laws and numerical methods is needed in order to achieve the general purpose and optimised CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) methods, which will be applicable to the wide variety of multiphase flow problems. In the paper, an original approach to the various aspects of multiphase CFD modelling is presented. It is based on the multi-fluid modelling approach, development of necessary closure laws and derivation of appropriate numerical methods for efficient governing equations solution. Velocity and pressure fields are solved with the SIMPLE (Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure-Linked Equations) type pressure-corrector method developed for the multiphase flow conditions. For the solution of scalar parameters transport equations both implicit and explicit methods are presented. The implicit method is suitable for steady state, slow transients and problems without the sharp fronts propagation. Explicit method is developed in order to predict scalar parameters fronts propagation, as well as phase interface tracking problems. The challenge towards the multiphase flow solution on both the macro and micro level is presented in order to perform multiphase CFD simulations and analyses of multiphase flows in complex geometry of nuclear power plant components, such as nuclear fuel rod bundles thermal-hydraulics. Presented methodology and obtained CFD results comprise micro-scale phenomena of phases’ separation, interface tracking, heated surfaces dry-out and critical heat flux occurrence, as well as macro-scale transport and distributions of phase volumes.
Reports on the topic "Health aspects of Hydraulic engineering"
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Overview of Sanitation Workers Programme in Trichy. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/tnussposwpt0603.2021.
Full textAbstract:
The Indian Institute for Human Settlements and its partners along with the Trichy City Corporation have collaborated to improve the health, occupational safety and livelihoods of sanitation workers. The Tamil Nadu Urban Sanitation Support Programme has identified and engaged with different types of sanitation workers employed in urban areas such as Urban Local Body-managed workers, school toilet cleaners, public and community toilet cleaners, independent cleaners as daily wage workers, desludging truck operators and cleaners, privately managed solid waste workers, rag-pickers, and railway cleaners. The initiatives undertaken integrate multiple social, engineering, and behavioural aspects that focus on improving the living and working conditions of this vulnerable section of society. This note provides an overview of the initiatives.