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Nugraheni, Reny, and Meira Kusuma Wardani. "Evaluation Of Leprosy Management Program Implementation In Karang Penang Health Center, Sampang District, Madura." STRADA Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan 9, no. 2 (November 1, 2020): 879–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.30994/sjik.v9i2.317.
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The sample in this study was leprosy surveillance data, while the informants consisted by two key informants and four main informants. Data processing in this research is quantitative data processing. The results showed that for ‘aspects of health status produced’ there was only one aspect which has fulfilled national standard, namely cure rate (MB and PB); ‘aspects of service quality that have been implemented’ have been achieved; ‘aspects of quantity of services provided’ (ICF activities, drug administration according to dosage, and home visits), which are not optimal because this program runs only for affordable areas and there are still limited resources and facilities that do not support; ‘aspects of community attitudes’ that strongly support this program to be implemented, but community stigma is still low; ‘aspects of available resources’ have not been good due to limited human resources and facilities; and ‘aspects of costs source’ used are from the government
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Fedotova, Natalia Dmitrievna. "Some Aspects of Environment and Children’s Health in Yakutia: а Sociological Dimension." Общество: социология, психология, педагогика, no. 8 (August 28, 2020): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24158/spp.2020.8.6.
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The paper deals with the problem of water pollution in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Considerable water resources are concentrated on the territory of this subject of the Russian Federation. However, providing the population with high-quality drinking water is one of the main regional problems. Water sources are negatively affected by industrial enter-prises. Natural and climatic features of Yakutia also play a significant role. As a result, there is a negative impact of water consumption on human health, pri-marily children’s health. The author of the paper analyzes how this problem manifests itself in urban and rural settlements. It is concluded that ensuring water security is an important component of the security of Yakutia and the national security of Rus-sia. Solving this problem requires an integrated ap-proach and comprehensive research.
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Kadyshev, V. V., S. A. Ryazhskaya, O. V. Khalanskaya, N. V. Zhurkova, and R. A. Zinchenko. "Clinical and genetic aspects of albinism." Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology 21, no. 3 (2021): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2021-21-3-175-180.
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Albinism is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of hereditary diseases whose pathogenesis is mediated by impaired synthesis of melanin which results in its partial or total loss. Reduced melatonin level clinically manifests as skin, hair, and ocular hypopigmentation. Ocular presentations include hypopigmentation/lack of pigmentation of eye fundus and iris, foveal hypoplasia, low vision, nystagmus and strabismus, photophobia, iris transillumination, and asymmetrical decussation of nerve fibers at the optic chiasm. However, albinism can be a part of more complex genetic syndromes, e.g., Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome or Chediak-Higashi syndrome. These disorders should be identified as early as possible to start therapy to prevent life-threatening conditions. Partial albinism with ocular, skin or hair hypopigmentation not associated with melanogenesis (e.g., Griscelli syndrome, Waardenburg syndrome, Aland Island eye disease, etc.) also occurs. Each case of albinism requires an accurate molecular genetic diagnosis to provide a personalized treatment approach, predict life expectancy and health status, and plan pregnancy. Keywords: albinism, Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome, Chediak-Higashi syndrome, hypopigmentation, clinical polymorphism, genetic heterogeneity. For citation: Kadyshev V.V., Ryazhskaya S.A., Khalanskaya O.V. et al. Clinical and genetic aspects of albinism. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2021;21(3):175–180 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2021-21-3-175-180.
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Supriyanto, Agustinus, Rikkie Dekas, and Ita Ita. "Analisis Kesehatan Koperasi Kredit Sentosa Palembang." MBIA 19, no. 3 (February 5, 2021): 343–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33557/mbia.v19i3.1205.
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The Sentosa Credit Union (CU) is the primary cooperative that runs a savings and loan business and is guided by Government Regulation number 9 of 1995 concerning the implementation of savings and loan business activities. The author conducted research to determine the suitability of financial reports based on the Regulation of the Deputy for Supervision of the Ministry of Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises of the Republic of Indonesia number 06 / Per / Dep.6 / IV / 2016 regarding the assessment of the Health of Savings and Loans Cooperatives and Savings and Loan Units. This type of research is descriptive evaluative research. The data source used is primary dataThe results showed that the health level of Koperasi kredit Sentosa from 2017 - 2019 in the fairly healthy category, on average, got a score of 67.35 with details (1) the aspect of capital on average got a score of 13.80 in the healthy category; (2) the quality aspects of earning assets on average score 14.92 are in the fairly healthy category; (3) management aspects on average score 13.30 are in the healthy category; (4) the efficiency aspect averaged a score of 7.00 in the fairly healthy category; (5) the liquidity aspect scores on average 9.58 and is in the fairly healthy category; (6) aspects of independence and growth on average score 1.75 and are in the fairly healthy category; (7) the aspect of cooperative identity on average gets a score of 7.00 and is in the fairly healthy category
Abstrak
Koperasi Kredit (Koperasi kredit) merupakan primer koperasi yang menjalankan usaha simpan pinjam dan berpedoman pada Peraturan Pemerintah nomor 9 tahun 1995 tentang pelaksanaan kegiatan usaha simpan pinjam. Penulis melakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui kesesuaian laporan keuangan yang berpedoman pada Peraturan Deputi Bidang Kepengawasan Kementerian Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil dan Menengah Republik Indonesia dengan nomor 06/Per/Dep.6/IV/2016 mengenai penilaian Kesehatan Koperasi Simpan Pinjam dan Unit Simpan Pinjam. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian desktriptif evaluatif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang diterima langsung dari sumbernya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kesehatan Koperasi kredit Sentosa dari tahun 2017 – 2019 kategori cukup sehat secara rerata mendapatkan skor 67,35 dengan rincian (1) aspek permodalan secara rerata mendapat skor 13,80 berada pada kategori sehat; (2) aspek kualitas aktiva produktif secara rerata mendapat skor 14,92 berada dalam kategori cukup sehat; (3) aspek manajemen secara rerata mendapat skor 13,30 berada dalam kategori sehat; (4) aspek efisiensi secara rerata mendapat skor 7,00 berada dalam kategori cukup sehat; (5) aspek likuiditas secara rerata mendapat skor 9,58 dan berada dalam kategori cukup sehat; (6) aspek kemandirian dan pertumbuhan secara rerata mendapat skor 1,75 dan berada dalam kategori cukup sehat; (7) aspek jati diri koperasi secara rerata mendapat skor 7,00 dan berada dalam kategori cukup sehat
Kata Kunci: Tingkat kesehatan, Kinerja Koperasi kredit
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Patmin, Su. "Analisis Rasio Tingkat Kesehatan Bank Menggunakan Metode CAMEL Pada PT Bank BCA Syariah Tbk Jakarta Timur Tahun 2013 - 2017." Jurnal Madani: Ilmu Pengetahuan, Teknologi, dan Humaniora 3, no. 2 (September 9, 2020): 212–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33753/madani.v3i2.83.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the development of bank health at PT Bank BCA Syariah Tbk and to measure the level of health of PT Bank BCA Syariah Tbk in 2013-2017 using the CAMEL ratio which includes aspects of capital, productive assets, management, profitability and liquidity. This research is quantitative descriptive. The population in this study includes all financial statements of PT Bank BCA Syariah for the period 2013 to 2017, while the sample in this study is the company's financial statements in the form of a balance sheet and income statement of PT. Bank BCA Syariah Tbk. period 2013 to 2017. Analysis of the data used in this study is to use the CAMEL method which consists of five aspects, namely capital aspects using CAR (Capital Adequacy Ratio), aspects of earning asset quality using the ratio of KAP (Earning Assets Quality) and PPAP (Allowance for Earning Assets), management aspects using the ratio of NPM (Net Profit Margin), profitability aspects using the ratio of ROA (Return On Assets) and BOPO (Operating Expenses to Operating Income), and the liquidity aspect using the NCM-CA (Net Call Money ratio) to Current Assets) and LDR (Loan to Deposit Ratio). Based on the results of research conducted at PT Bank BCA Syariah CAMEL in 2013 97.04 was healthy, in 2014 96.71 was healthy, in 2015 95.52 was healthy, in 2016 97.01 was healthy, in 2017 98.00 is healthy.
Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perkembangan kesehatan bank pada PT Bank BCA Syariah Tbk dan untuk mengukur tingkat kesehatan PT Bank BCA Syariah Tbk pada tahun 2013-2017 dengan menggunakan rasio CAMEL yang meliputi aspek permodalan, aktiva produktif, manajemen, rentabilitas dan likuiditas. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini meliputi seluruh laporan keuangan PT Bank BCA Syariah periode tahun 2013 sampai dengan 2017, sedangkan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah laporan keuangan perusahaan berupa neraca dan laporan laba rugi PT. Bank BCA Syariah Tbk. periode 2013 sampai dengan 2017. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan metode CAMEL yang terdiri dari lima aspek, yaitu aspek permodalan menggunakan rasio CAR (Capital Adequacy Ratio), aspek kualitas aktiva produktif menggunakan rasio KAP (Kualitas Aktiva Produktif) dan PPAP (Penyisihan Penghapusan Aktiva Produktif), aspek manajemen menggunakan rasio NPM (Net Profit Margin), aspek rentabilitas menggunakan rasio ROA (Return On Assets) dan BOPO (Beban Operasional terhadap Pendapatan Operasional), dan aspek likuiditas menggunakan rasio NCM-CA (Net Call Money to Current Assets) dan LDR (Loan to Deposit Ratio). Berdasarkan hasil penelitan yang telah dilakukan pada PT Bank BCA Syariah CAMEL pada tahun 2013 97,04 adalah sehat, tahun 2014 96,71 adalah sehat, tahun 2015 95,52 adalah sehat, tahun 2016 97,01 adalah sehat, tahun 2017 98,00 adalah sehat.
Kata Kunci : Rasio Tingkat Kesehatan Bank, CAMEL
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Callahan, Daniel. "When Self-Determination Runs Amok." Hastings Center Report 22, no. 2 (March 1992): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3562566.
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Glied, Sherry A., and Phyllis C. Borzi. "The Current State of Employment-Based Health Coverage." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 32, no. 3 (2004): 404–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2004.tb00150.x.
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American policymakers and health policy analysts have a love-hate relationship with job-based health insurance. The policy press routinely runs articles about the demise of the current system of voluntary employer-sponsored health insurance coverage. Conservatives argue that it ought to be replaced with individually-purchased insurance, such as tax-favored spending accounts (see Mark Pauly’s article this issue). Liberals assert that government insurance ought to supplant it.Meanwhile, as the debate rages on about the future of employer coverage, states and the federal government pass legislation buttressing and building on the existing employment-based system. Most recently, California has passed an employer mandate requiring employers to cover their workers (and many other states have contemplated similar legislation) and Maine has adopted a universal coverage initiative that includes a voluntary small employer insurance program offered through a state agency (Dirigo Health Care).
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Nurida Finahari and Alfiana. "Developing The Firm Mosque Model As A Public Health Institution Through The Implementation Of Psychoacoustic On Loudspeaker Systems." GANDRUNG: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 2, no. 1 (March 2, 2021): 115–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36526/gandrung.v2i1.1191.
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Voices originating from the mosque, whether they are recitation, incidental activities or daily routine prayers, are still often interpreted as a source of noise. Not only because of the improper arrangement of the loudspeakers, but also because the mosque's recitals or takmirs generally do not understand the psychoacoustic aspect. Psychoacoustic is the study of the effect of sound exposure on the psychological aspects of the listeners. The use of psychoacoustic science could potentially change mosque sounds into therapeutic voices. The voices of recitation-based therapists have been encountered and researched, although in a limited scope. Building a mosque sound management and control system that is consistent within a psychoacoustic framework can transform potential noise into a natural sound that builds public health that runs automatically. The achievement of this hypothesis can be done from the application of a research and / or community service activity by educational institutions or related agencies.
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Regenbogen, Daniela, and Wolfram Henn. "Aufkl�rungs- und Beratungsprobleme bei der pr�diktiven genetischen Diagnostik." MedR Medizinrecht 21, no. 3 (March 1, 2003): 152–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00350-003-0882-y.
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Botz, Chas K., Susan Bestard, Mary Demaray, and Gail Molloy. "Resource Utilization Groups (RUGs): Defining Chronic Care, Rehabilitation and Nursing Home Case Mix in Canada." Healthcare Management Forum 6, no. 4 (December 1993): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0840-4704(10)61129-5.
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The two major purposes of this study were: (1) to evaluate Resource Utilization Groups (RUGs III) as a unified method for classifying all residential, chronic care and rehabilitation patients at the St. Joseph's Health Centre, London, and (2) to compare the potential funding implications of RUGs and other patient/resident classification systems. RUGs were used to classify a total of 336 patients/residents in residential, extended care, chronic care and rehabilitation beds at the Health Centre. Patients were also concurrently classified according to the Alberta Long Term Care Classification System and the Medicus Long Term Care System. Results show that RUGs provide relatively more credit for higher acuity patients than do the Alberta or Medicus systems. If used as a basis for funding, chronic care and rehabilitation hospitals would be entitled to more funding (relative to residential/nursing homes) under RUGs than under the other two patient classification mechanisms.
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French, Declan, and Donal McKillop. "The impact of debt and financial stress on health in Northern Irish households." Journal of European Social Policy 27, no. 5 (September 17, 2017): 458–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958928717717657.
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We analyse data collected from a survey of Northern Irish low-income households experiencing varying degrees of financial hardship and examine how debt affects health and health-related behaviours. Our results indicate that the subjective experience of feeling financially stressed has a robust relationship with most aspects of health, including ability to self-care, problems performing usual activities, pain problems and psychological health. In contrast, the size of the debt, the type of debt or the number of different lenders does not add any extra explanatory power. Additionally, our results indicate that the pathway from financial difficulties to worse health runs through worse diets and increased consumption of cigarettes and drugs. This research is timely as household debt burdens will soon surpass the high levels seen at the time of the financial crisis and the introduction of welfare reform in Northern Ireland will put additional strain on low-income households.
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Fogarty, Andrea, Zachary Steel, Philip B. Ward, Katherine M. Boydell, Grace McKeon, and Simon Rosenbaum. "Trauma and Mental Health Awareness in Emergency Service Workers: A Qualitative Evaluation of the Behind the Seen Education Workshops." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (April 21, 2021): 4418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094418.
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Emergency service workers (ESWs) are at high risk of experiencing poor mental health, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Programs led by ex-service organizations may play an unrecognized but critical role in mental health prevention and promotion. Behind the Seen (BTS) is an Australian ex-service organization that runs workshops to raise awareness and facilitate conversations around the mental health of ESWs. The purpose of the study is to conduct a qualitative evaluation of workshop participants’ experiences, to understand the acceptability and perceived usefulness over the immediate- (within 1 month), intermediate- (6 months) and longer-terms (12 months). Participants (n = 59 ESWs) were recruited using purposive sampling across five fire and rescue services in metropolitan, regional, and rural locations. Focus groups methodology was used for data collection and data were analyzed using iterative categorization techniques. Participants reported (i) a high perceived need for education about PTSD, (ii) highly salient aspects of the presentation that made for a positive learning experience, including the importance of the lived experiences of the facilitators in the learning process, (iii) key features of changes to intentions, attitudes, and behavior, and (iv) major aspects of the organizational context that affected the understanding and uptake of the program’s key messages. BTS was perceived as an acceptable means of delivering mental health, PTSD, and help-seeking information to ESWs. The program is a promising candidate for scaling-up and further translation.
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Faggiano, Francesco, Martina Andellini, Federico Nocchi, Carlo Capussotto, Francesca Sabusco, Pietro Derrico, and Matteo Ritrovato. "VP47 Health Technology Assessment Of Intensive Care Ventilators For Pediatric Patients." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 33, S1 (2017): 168–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462317003294.
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INTRODUCTION:The purpose of the study was to evaluate different type and manufacturers of intensive care ventilators in order to support the healthcare decision-making process about the choice to adopt the best available technology for ventilation of pediatric patient in intensive care units at Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital.METHODS:The technology assessment process was developed by using a new methodology, the Decision-oriented Health Technology Assessment (HTA) (DoHTA), a new implementation of the European Network for Health Technology Assessment (EUnetHTA) CoreModel, integrating the Analytic Hierarchy Process (1). A literature review was carried out to gather evidence on safety and overall effectiveness of different kind of intensive care ventilators, with several ventilation modalities and strategies. The synthesis of scientific evidence, and results of the specific context analysis resulted in the definition of components of the decisional hierarchy structure, consisting in detailed characteristics of the technology's performances covering the aspects on feasibility, safety, efficacy, costs, and organizational and technical characteristics of the technology. A subgroup of these indicators has been included in a checklist form for the evaluation of different type and manufacturers of intensive care ventilators, each of which was tested in three independent runs performed in three different departments. In addition, an economic evaluation was also carried out.RESULTS:Preliminary DoHTA results showed that the domains with the highest impacts within the evaluation are safety and clinical effectiveness (34.8 percent and 25.7 percent, respectively) followed by organizational aspects, technical characteristics of technology and costs and economic evaluation. The final objective is to define the alternatives’ ranking through a comparison between alternative technologies’ performances.CONCLUSIONS:The technology assessment project allowed to identify strengths and limits of the most recent intensive care ventilator’ models in the specific contexts of use by involving all health professionals interested, and eventually identify the best option for the hospital.
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Hanggoro, Hari, Agus Kristiyanto, and Muchsin Doewes. "Calisthenics Activity as Urban Society Culture of Lampung, Indonesia: in Terms of Expectations, Appreciation, and Public Perception of Calisthenics Activity in Street Workout Lampung Community." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 5, no. 5 (October 1, 2018): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v5i5.291.
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The development of the times make the public aware that maintaining health is important but this is not supported by the availability of time because it runs out for other activities,and the presence of calisthenics makes the public feel easy to exercise anywhere and anytime, this study aims to see where the concept of calisthenics sport growing in the public and see the supporting aspects so that this sport can grow and be liked by many people. The results obtained in terms of public expectations such as wanting a fit body, healthy, long life, want to be popular, have a complete training program, provide great motivation ,public space provision in the countryside, and from the appreciation marked by the participation of the community is the availability of calisthenics facilities, public space provision, sponsorship support, the ease of licensing, access to information, provide educational space, the freedom of use of facilities, and the preservation of facilities, public perceptions are also very positive in describing calisthenics, the role of government, the concept of exercise, the concept of community and public can describe how to maintain a healthy lifestyle with calisthenics and the conclusions are the development of calisthenics in Lampung province creates a good perspective for the public. This is reflected in the high expectations, appreciation and public perception to street workout community, the public also knows aspects of exercise in this community, and exercise routines are always awake, also the support of government and stakeholders through the provision of a new public space is also getting better, and with the discretion given by the government, health services can provide services in sports centers with a very professional, and also in the provision of public education space, make experts in sports, health, nutrition, psychology can be assembled and share information to the public.
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Abi-Dargham, Anissa, Christer Allgulander, O. Gureje, Rachel Jenkins, R. N. Kalaria, Brian Leonard, F. Njenga, et al. "CINP 2005 Regional Meeting, 20-22 April 2005." South African Journal of Psychiatry 11, no. 1 (April 1, 2005): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v11i1.92.
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List of abstract titles and authors:1. Antipsychotics across the spectrum: An overview of their mechanisms of actionAnissa Abi-Dargham2. Recent advances in the treatment of common anxiety disordersChrister Allgulander3. Psychiatry in Africa: The myths, the realities and the exoticO Gureje4. Mental Health policy developmet in Kenya and Tanznia - A DFID funded projectRachel Jenkins, David Kima, Joseph Mbatia, Frank Njenga5. Vascular factors in Alzheimer's diseaseR N Kalaria6. Depression as an immunologically based Neurodegenerative disorderBrian Leonard7. Eight years of progress in Arican PsychiatryF Njenga8. Treatment of Depression: Present and futureDr R.M. Pinder9. Imaging the Serotinergic system in impulsive aggressive personality disorder patientsLarry J Siever, Antonia S. New, Mari Goodman, Monte Buchsbaum, Erin Hazlett, Karen O'Flynn, Anissa Abi-argham, Marc Lauelle10. Mode of action of Atypical antipsychotic rugs: Focus on A2 AdrnoceptorsT.H. SvenssonNeuroscience: Selected Abstracts11. Chemical odulato of Fronto-execuitive functions: Neropsychiatric implicationsTrevor W Robbins12. Neural mechanisms of recognition memory and of social atacntProf. G Horn13. Estrogen signling after estrogen receptor ß (ERß)Jan-Ake Gustafsson14. Getting Lost: Hippocampal contributions to agerelated memory dysfunctionCarol BarnesMetals and the brain: Selected abstracts15. Modeling the contributin of iron mismanagement to Neurological disordersProf. J R C Connor16. Aluminium-triggered fibrillogenesis of B-AmyloidsProf. PZ Zatta, Dr D Drago, Mr G Tognon, Dr F RicchelliPsychiatry in Africa:17. Psychosocal aspects of Khat use among the youth of NairobiMs T M Khamis18. PTSD among motor vehicle accident survivors, KenyaDr F A Ongecha19. Psychiatric relities within African context - The Kenyan case StudyProf. D M N Ndetei20. Adolescent-parenta interactions from infancy, Nairobi KenyaDr L K Ksakhala, Prof. D M N Ndetei21. Alcohol use ong young persons: A focus group study in Southwest NigeriaO A Obeijide22. Personality disorders and personality traits among tyoe 2 Diabetic patientsProf. O El Rufaie, Dr M Sabosy, Dr M S Abuzeid23. Association of traumatic experiences with depression among Nigerian adolescentsDr O Omigbodun, Dr K BakareMs O B Yusuf, Dr O Esan24. Prevalence of depression among women attending outpatient clinics in MalawiDr M Tugumisirize, Prof. Agn, Dr Musisi25. Non-fatal suicidalbehaviour at the Johannesburg General HospitalDr M Y H Moosa, Prof. F Y Jeenah, Dr A Pillay, Pof. M Vorstere, Dr R Liebenberg26. Integrating mental health into general primary health care - Uganda's experienceDr N Kigozi27. Depression among Nigerian survivors of stroke:Prevalance and associated factorsDr F.O Fatoye Dr M A Komolafe, Dr A. O Adewuya, Dr B.A. Eegunranti Prof. M.A. Lawal28. NGO Involvement mental health care -The way forwardDr Basangwa29. Prevalen of Attenton Deficit Hyperactivity sorder among African school childrenDr E KashalaProf. T Tylleskar, Dr I Elgen, Dr K Sommerfelt30. Barriers to effective mental health care in NigeriaMs L. Kola31. Quay of life evaluation in patients with HIV-I infection with respect to the impact of Phyttherapy (Traditional Herb in Zimbabwe)M B Sebit, S K Chandiwaa, A S Latif, E Gomo, S W Acuda, F Makoni, J Vushe
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THOMAS, S. JOSHUA. "Reconsidering the Moralization of Health: Practices Versus Concepts, and What We Can Learn from Evidence-based Research." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 28, no. 02 (April 2019): 215–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180119000069.
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Abstract:This article aims to do two things. First, it argues that moralization of health occurs not only at the practical level of individual healthcare choices and health states, but also at the conceptual level of health itself. This is most evident in cases where the concept of health is presumed to possess the property of “overridingness” when compared to competing values and norms, that is, when it is treated as taking precedence over other values and norms it may come into conflict with. Second, the article makes a case for being critically skeptical of specific deployments of the concept of health when it has been moralized in this way. In such cases, what typically results is that some other personal value/norm, or set of values/norms, held by the individual is treated as intrinsically at odds with the concept of health, which is presumed, uncritically, to be superior, often because it is taken to be free-standing and self-justifying. Yet, a growing body of evidence-based research suggests that the role played by dimensions of personal meaningfulness in the quality of individuals’ overall health is quite underappreciated. It is useful to think of these dimensions of personal meaning and significance as representing the individual’s values. Thus, taking these data more seriously ought to lead to a reevaluation of the moralization of health at the conceptual level. In the first place, it is not obvious that if the concept of health runs afoul of other values/norms held by an individual, the latter should automatically yield. In the second place, they suggest that other values/norms held by an individual are not necessarily intrinsically opposed to the concept of health, but in fact may go a good distance in support of it.
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Bieber, Frederick R. "Turning Base Hits into Earned Runs: Improving the Effectiveness of Forensic DNA Data Bank Programs." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 34, no. 2 (2006): 222–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2006.00029.x.
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Forensic data banks contain biological samples and DNA extracts as well as computerized databases of coded DNA profiles of convicted offenders, arrestees and crime scene samples. When used for investigative and law enforcement purposes, DNA data banks have been successful in providing key investigative leads in hundreds of criminal investigations. A number of these crimes would never have been resolved without use of such data banks. In addition, in some limited number of investigations, the exclusion of known suspects whose DNA profiles are known to be in an offender database can save valuable investigative time.Despite the above benefits, in hundreds of cases DNA samples are never collected and administrative and laboratory logjams delay prompt database searches. Furthermore, hundreds of DNA database matches (hits) languish, without any followup by law enforcement or prosecutors. These prevent or delay DNA matches and therefore can leave the public in grave risk of potential harm from recidivistic offenders who otherwise could have been apprehended and convicted if the process functioned more effectively.
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Pineda Higuita, Sonia Elena, Vidal De Jesús Ramos Melchor, and Daniela Cadavid Carmona. "Calidad de vida en pacientes con Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva." Universidad y Salud 18, no. 3 (December 20, 2016): 482. http://dx.doi.org/10.22267/rus.161803.53.
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Objetivo: Describir la calidad de vida de pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica año 2014. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal para evaluar la calidad de vida de los pacientes mayores de 65 años con diagnóstico de Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica. La muestra correspondió a 179 usuarios de la ESE Metrosalud (Medellín), que aceptaron participar voluntariamente en el estudio. Se aplicó una encuesta estructurada que incluyó variables sociodemográficas, algunos determinantes ambientales, sociales y aspectos relacionados con la enfermedad. Igualmente se incluyó la escala de calidad de vida Saint George la cual está constituida por tres dimensiones: síntomas, actividades e impacto. Resultados: Los pacientes encuestados tenían entre 65 y 99 años de edad, al evaluar la calidad de vida con el cuestionario Saint George la dimensión más impactada fue la actividad; se obtuvo asociación estadísticamente significativa entre calidad de vida total y el nivel de escolaridad (P= 0,005), etnia (P= 0,004), y algunas variables relacionadas con la enfermedad. Conclusiones: Existe una asociación entre la calidad relacionada con la salud, según la evaluación del SGRQ y el grado de la enfermedad.AbstractObjective: To describe the quality of life of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2014. Materials and Methods: A descriptive observational cross-sectional study was performed to evaluate the quality of life of patients older than 65 and who had a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The sample corresponded to 179 users of ESE Metrosalud (Medellín), who agreed to participate voluntarily in the study. A structured survey that included socio-demographic variables, some environmental and social determinants, and aspects related to the disease was applied. Besides, the Saint George quality of life scale was also included, which is composed of three dimensions: symptoms, activities and impact. Results: The surveyed patients were between 65 and 99 years old, when they took the Saint George quality of life questionnaire, the most impacted dimension was the activity; it was obtained a statistically significant association between total quality of life and the level of schooling (P= 0.005), ethnic group (P= 0.004), and some variables related with the disease. Conclusions: There is an association between the quality related with health, according to the evaluation of the SGRQ and the extent of the disease.
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Maris, Angelica Francesca, Ingrid Tremel Barbato, Alexis Trott, and Marco Aurélio Echart Montano. "Familial mental retardation: a review and practical classification." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 18, no. 6 (June 2013): 1717–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-81232013000600023.
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Mental retardation (MR) is a definition which comprises a series of conditions whose common feature is an intellectual handicap that develops before the age of 18, afflicting 2-3% of the world's population. The classification of MR into different categories is determined by the extent of the handicap instead of its cause, which often remains unrecognized. Sometimes, MR runs in a family, characterizing familial MR, and those cases permit an in-depth look into the genetic causes and consequences of the problem. However, almost no work is available on the prevalence of familial MR among the registered MR cases, possibly because familial MR is a term with no clear definition. The scope of this work is to review the topic and discuss the implications of different genetic and environmental factors, which characterize particular categories of familial cases, suggesting a practical classification of familial MR, which is important for epidemiologic studies and also for counseling in the clinic. Some of the aspects are discussed under the perspective of a newly-developed country like Brazil.
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Zapototskyi, S., V. Zapototska, and Y. Holub. "SOCIO-ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF PROVISION OF LANDSCAPING IN THE CITY OF CHERNIHIV." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geography, no. 76-77 (2020): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2721.2020.76-77.6.
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Chernihiv is a large city in the north of Ukraine, which has been the center of socio-cultural and political life of Ukrainians since the times of Kyivan Rus’. Today, it is an industrial and cultural center, an important transport hub. In recent years, positive changes have been observed in the socio-economic development of Chernihiv. The article reveals the main features of urban development. Its tasks and main elements are described. The situation related to the state of air pollution, water resources, including in Chernihiv, was analyzed. The main sources of environmental pollution are described. The problem of solid waste management in the city is considered. Urban noise has been described as a factor in air pollution that adversely affects human health. The effect of insolation within the city is characterized, the consequences and requirements for its consideration in the planning of cities, districts or neighborhoods are indicated. The analysis of the aeration regime of the city territory as a factor influencing the comfort of living in the city is carried out. The role of green plantations is determined, which is an important element of the natural environment and improvement of urban space. Three types of comfort in the city (ecological, social and urban) are described and their main features are pointed out. Our vision of a comfortable city, which should be compact, convenient and polycentric, to provide equal access to benefits to different segments of society, is proposed. The industrial complex and the reasons for the decline in the pace and volume of industrial production in some previously leading industries are described. The main enterprises of Chernihiv that implement modern technological solutions are identified. The transport complex of the city and tendencies of its further development are considered. An analysis of health, education, culture and recreation facilities, as well as the situation in the social sphere of Chernihiv. An analysis of a sociological survey among the city’s residents on the improvement problems which concern residents the most has been carried out. This study showed that the most pressing issues for citizens are garbage removal and household waste management, the problem of heat supply and public transport. An analysis of respondents’ responses revealed that they support positive trends in the creation of new sports and children’s playgrounds, but want these facilities to be within walking distance of their place of residence. Most citizens are satisfied with the work of the city authorities to address the issues of improvement and comfort of Chernihiv, hoping for further positive changes. The paper identifies the priority areas of development of Chernihiv for the coming years. Among them: improving the living standards of the population, improving the environment, further economic growth, increasing employment in the city, updating and creating new quality infrastructure, supporting small and medium-sized businesses.
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Di Mauro, Roxana, Francesco Faggiano, Martina Andellini, Pietro Derrico, and Matteo Ritrovato. "PP179 Health Technology Assessment Of Pediatric Intensive Care Ventilators." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 35, S1 (2019): 70–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026646231900271x.
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IntroductionA health technology assessment (HTA) process to evaluate the best intensive care ventilator manufacturers has been carried out in different pediatric intensive care units (ICUs) of Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital (OPBG). The purpose of this study is to determine: (i) the most relevant features of a ventilator to be considered between different manufacturers, and (ii) the methodology to conduct the assessment to support the decision-making process about the choice to adopt the suitable technology for OPBG.MethodsThe decision-oriented HTA method (Do-HTA), developed by the HTA unit of OPBG, was applied to conduct the assessment. Do-HTA involves the integration of the European Network for HTA (EUnetHTA) CoreModel and the Analytic Hierarchy Process with the support of an informatics tool. It provides the definition and numerical evaluation of assessment parameters to evaluate the performance of technologies. A literature review involving ICU professionals was used to define and weight the assessment elements on clinical, technical, organizational, economic, and safety domains. In particular, a subgroup of these domains has been included in a checklist for the comparative evaluation of different ventilator models, each of which was tested in three independent runs performed in three different ICUs.ResultsResults show that safety and clinical effectiveness had highest the impact within the evaluation, followed by organizational, technical and economic aspects. A percentage value per each ventilator has been assigned, representing the global performances regarding the assessment elements.ConclusionsThis study presents and discusses the benefits and drawbacks of innovative features of ventilators, all characteristics to be taken into account during the evaluation process and a methodology to conduct it. The project identified the best performing ventilator model through a collective decision, giving a reliable recommendation to the Hospital Decision Makers.
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Halasz, George. "Clinical Practice beyond Science: Debunking the Scientific Myth." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 28, no. 1 (March 1994): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679409075840.
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The theme of the RANZCP 28th Conference questioned the science of clinical practice. This question is explored in the light of prevailing paradigms of 20th century psychiatry and recent claims by scientism, especially biologism, that assumes an organic causation for all abnormal behaviour. It is argued that a paradigm of objective science is necessary to understanding many aspects of mental illness, but not sufficient to explain certain essential phenomena, such as altered states of consciousness and empathy, encounted daily in clinical practice. Discarding these phenomena in the name of “science” runs the risk of clinical practice becoming “mindless”. The “reconquest of the subjective” is offered as a way to extend clinical practice beyond objective science.
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ANDANDA, PAMELA. "Vulnerability: Sex Workers in Nairobi's Majengo Slum." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 18, no. 2 (April 2009): 138–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180109090239.
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Researchers from the Universities of Oxford, Nairobi, and Manitoba are collaborating on a project to develop an HIV vaccine based on the immunological protection mechanisms found in commercial sex workers from the Majengo slum in Nairobi. This group consists of educationally and economically disadvantaged women who resort to commercial sex work for a living. A clinic was established in the slum to study sexually transmitted diseases, which now includes HIV/AIDS. The clinic serves as a research facility for the collaborating researchers who have been using the women's blood, cervical, vaginal, and saliva samples for the ongoing studies. The clinic runs two HIV-integrated activities: HIV research and HIV care and treatment. For HIV negative participants, samples are collected and used for research and care after they give informed consent.
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Tremper, Galina, Torben Brenner, Florian Stampe, Andreas Borg, Martin Bialke, David Croft, Esther Schmidt, and Martin Lablans. "MAGICPL: A Generic Process Description Language for Distributed Pseudonymization Scenarios." Methods of Information in Medicine 60, no. 01/02 (May 2021): 021–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1731387.
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Abstract Objectives Pseudonymization is an important aspect of projects dealing with sensitive patient data. Most projects build their own specialized, hard-coded, solutions. However, these overlap in many aspects of their functionality. As any re-implementation binds resources, we would like to propose a solution that facilitates and encourages the reuse of existing components. Methods We analyzed already-established data protection concepts to gain an insight into their common features and the ways in which their components were linked together. We found that we could represent these pseudonymization processes with a simple descriptive language, which we have called MAGICPL, plus a relatively small set of components. We designed MAGICPL as an XML-based language, to make it human-readable and accessible to nonprogrammers. Additionally, a prototype implementation of the components was written in Java. MAGICPL makes it possible to reference the components using their class names, making it easy to extend or exchange the component set. Furthermore, there is a simple HTTP application programming interface (API) that runs the tasks and allows other systems to communicate with the pseudonymization process. Results MAGICPL has been used in at least three projects, including the re-implementation of the pseudonymization process of the German Cancer Consortium, clinical data flows in a large-scale translational research network (National Network Genomic Medicine), and for our own institute's pseudonymization service. Conclusions Putting our solution into productive use at both our own institute and at our partner sites facilitated a reduction in the time and effort required to build pseudonymization pipelines in medical research.
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Nymann, John A., Samuel Levey, and James E. Rohrer. "RUGs and Equity of Access to Nursing Home Care." Medical Care 25, no. 5 (May 1987): 361–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005650-198705000-00001.
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Friesen, Phoebe, and Nada Gligorov. "Surrogate decision making for unrepresented patients: Proposing a harm reduction interpretation of the best interest standard." Clinical Ethics 15, no. 2 (February 4, 2020): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477750920903459.
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Unrepresented patients are individuals who lack decision makingcapacity and have no family or friends to make medical decisions for them. This population is growing in number in the United States, particularly within emergency and intensive care settings. While some bioethical discussion has taken place in response to the question of who ought to make decisions for these patients, the issue of how surrogate medical decisions ought to be made for this population remains unexplored. In this paper, we argue that standard applications of surrogate decision making principles in health care are not well suited to many unrepresented patients with long-term mental health diagnosis. We argue that when applied to this population, the substituted judgment standard, designed to preserve patient preferences and values, may lead to the exclusion of their preferences. We argue further that the application of the best interest standard runs the risk of leading to harmful cases of overtreatment or undertreatment. We offer an alternative interpretation of the best interest principle that is better able to promote the well-being of unrepresented patients, especially for those who lack capacity because of mental disorders. This alternative is based on the practices and principles of harm reduction and includes three components: emphasis on considering the expressed preferences of unrepresented patients, a focus on reducing harm as well as the delivery of clinical benefits, and a recognition of the importance of promoting trust.
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Gullberg, Rod G., and Barry K. Logan. "Reproducibility of Within-Subject Breath Alcohol Analysis." Medicine, Science and the Law 38, no. 2 (April 1998): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002580249803800213.
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Random samples from normal distributions are an important assumption for many statistical methods. The present study evaluates this assumption with regard to quantitative breath alcohol analyses. Eight individuals (six male and two female) consumed alcoholic beverages and subsequently provided replicate (n ranging from 22 to 69) breath samples to an infrared breath alcohol instrument within short time intervals. The serially collected data were treated with several descriptive and inferential methods. Descriptive results among the eight individuals included: mean 0.0420–0.1175 g/210L, SD 0.0008–0.0045 g/210L and CV: 1.9%–4.7%. Statistical tests for normality showed seven of the distributions to be reasonably normal (p ≥ 0.25) and the other marginal (p = 0.051). A test for runs about the median showed random results (p ≥ 0.10) for four individuals and non-random (p ≤ 0.01) for the other four. The results suggest an individual's breath alcohol measurement, when appropriately collected and analysed, should be considered a random sample from a normal within-subject distribution. The existing variability in breath alcohol analysis, due largely to biological and sampling considerations, is acceptably minimized to warrant forensic application.
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HADDAD, AMY. "Thinking About Difficulties: Using Poetry to Enhance Interpretative and Collaborative Skills in Healthcare Ethics Education." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 29, no. 3 (June 2, 2020): 459–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180120000201.
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AbstractViewing difficulty as an opportunity for learning runs counter to the common view of difficulty as a source of frustration and confusion. The aim of this article is to focus on the idea of difficulty as a stepping-off point for learning. The literature on difficulty in reading texts, and its impact on thinking and the interpretive process, serve as a foundation for the use of poetry in healthcare ethics education. Because of its complexity and strangeness compared to the usual scientific and clinical texts health science students encounter, poetry is an excellent means to achieve the aim of thinking through difficulties in ethics. Specific examples of teaching and learning strategies for turning difficulty into opportunities for learning are presented, including the difficulty paper and the triple mark-up method. Both methods require students to examine their process of working through difficulties, reflect on how they make sense of difficult texts and then share their process and interpretations in a collaborative manner with peers. The importance of framing difficulties as a public, visible, collaborative process rather than a personal process is emphasized. Working together to hypothesize reasons for difficulty and map out plans to come to terms with difficulty are equally relevant for reading text as they are for reading complex ethical situations. Finally, I argue that transference of this kind of personal and collaborative learning about difficulties benefits interprofessional clinical practice, particularly when dealing with ethical issues.
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Foster, Morris W. "Analyzing the Use of Race and Ethnicity in Biomedical Research from a Local Community Perspective." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 34, no. 3 (2006): 508–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2006.00063.x.
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Most discussions of the use of race and ethnicity in biomedical research and clinical care focus on broad national and transnational populations. Looking at the problem from the perspective of large populations, however, misses the rest of a continuum that runs from the global human population to local communities. If race and ethnicity are fundamental categories for biomedical analyses, they should be informative at all points along that continuum, much as the definition of a gene remains unchanged whether analyzed in the context of an individual, a group, or the total human population. By examining the utility of racial and ethnic categories at a local community level, we can better evaluate whether those categories are indeed fundamental units for analysis. Alternatively, these categories may be analytic proxies useful primarily for approximating aggregate biological and social features of large populations at national and transnational levels of analysis.
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Kimmelman, Jonathan. "Beyond Human Subjects: Risk, Ethics, and Clinical Development of Nanomedicines." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 40, no. 4 (2012): 841–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2012.00712.x.
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Like all policies, contemporary human research policies are the product of their history. The scandals and traumas motivating their creation — the Nazi doctors trials, Tuskegee, the Milgram experiment on obedience — however different in their particulars, all share a common narrative: a scientist, pursuing valued social ends, runs roughshod over the personal interests of disadvantaged human subjects. From the Nuremberg code through the latest revisions of the Declaration of Helsinki, research ethics policies have sought to erect a sphere of protection around the latter.As a consequence of this history, all major policies start with a well-rehearsed model of human investigations. Clinical research is viewed as an encounter between investigators and volunteers. The clinical investigator is given certain duties. The human volunteer has certain moral entitlements. What is ethically at stake in human investigations inheres in the nature and quality of the interactions between investigators and volunteers. These interactions involve an asymmetry because the investigator has privileged knowledge and influence.
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., Herlina, Rita Retnowati, and Griet Helena Laihad. "MANAJEMEN SEKOLAH DALAM MEWUJUDKAN SEKOLAH SEHAT DI SMP ISLAM CENDEKIA CIANJUR (SICC) BOARDING SCHOOL." JURNAL MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN 8, no. 1 (January 29, 2020): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.33751/jmp.v8i1.1949.
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SCHOOL MANAGEMENT IN REALIZING HEALTHY SCHOOLS IN SMP ISLAM CENDEKIA CIANJUR (SICC) BOARDING SCHOOLThis researched aimed to have comprehensive findings based on factual datas and information about school management at SMP Islam Cendekia Cianjur (SICC) Boarding School interms in actualizing healthy school. The qualitative method was used in order to have a comprehensive description as an output about all managerial steps; planning, organizing, actuating, and evaluating the school management at SMP Islam Cendekia Cianjur (SICC) Boarding School. All data was collected by indept interview, observation and documentation, showed that: 1) Planning for healthy school at the SICC Boarding School was issued at the beginning of its establishment with the initial stage, focusing more on procurement and completeness of school medical room (UKS), 2) Organizing health schools is the authority of the principal where the implementation of this healthy school program is assisted by several personnel, the coordinator of healthy school , UKS builder, financial staff and the members, 3) Implementing of healthy school management is carried out by healthy school coordinators and other teams in the organizational list. The concept of healthy school at the SICC Boarding School is to develop superior programs from UKS, it is called UKS TRIAS, PHBS habituation, and the procurement of facilities and infrastructure for UKS, 4) Controlling is carried out by monitoring and evaluating directly by school principal as the chairman of the UKS organizational list. The Controlling is focused on three aspects; human resources focused on healthy school teams, the healthy school programme, and the procurement tools of UKS. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that school management runs well with referring to the conditions and needs of school andcan be used as a reference model for other boarding school as well.
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Carbone, June, and Naomi Cahn. "The Triple System for Regulating Women's Reproduction." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 43, no. 2 (2015): 275–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jlme.12243.
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A half century ago, American family lives did not differ markedly by class or region; children were born to married parents, shotgun marriages helped keep the nonmarital birth rate low, and women stayed home unless economics forced them into the workplace. In that era, the Utah Supreme Court cited New York cases in addressing non-marital cohabitation and family reforms that started in California swept much of the country in short order. While we know that our halcyon memories of those years cloak substantial conflict, we did sweep much of it under the rug; politicians, judges, religious leaders, and even family sit-coms in those years expressed remarkable agreement about family aspirations.
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Samuels, Alec. "The doctor in a minority." Medicine, Science and the Law 60, no. 4 (June 19, 2020): 305–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0025802420930633.
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Suppose that a doctor carrying out a treatment or advising on a treatment or acting as an expert in litigation or writing or lecturing about a treatment is in a minority so far as contemporary medical opinion is concerned. It may be a matter of choice for the doctor between treatment A (the majority practice) or treatment B (the minority practice), and the minority treatment may be of an innovative character. Unfortunately, things went badly wrong, the patient suffered harm and the doctor finds him/herself a defendant in a case for clinical negligence. What is the legal duty of the doctor? Is it sufficient that he/she acted in good faith? Or that he/she was a competent doctor? Or that he/she was a doctor following the practice of a substantial number of doctors, albeit a minority? Or that he/she was in effect acting ‘on his/her own’? The legal test is: Was the doctor following the practice of a responsible body of medical clinical opinion, albeit a minority opinion? Medicine has made huge advances over the years – one of the great achievements. But many advances have come about because of the initiative of one individual or a small group of individuals, often in the face of strong disbelief or opposition. The medical profession is a conservative profession, understandably so in view of the obvious inherent risks. Original ideas may not be well received. Therefore, the minority innovative doctor must proceed carefully because he/she runs the risk of a medical mishap, criticism and litigation.
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Freedman, Benjamin, Charles Weijer, and Kathleen Cranley Glass. "Placebo Orthodoxy in Clinical Research I: Empirical and Methodological Myths." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 24, no. 3 (1996): 243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.1996.tb01859.x.
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The use of statistics in medical research has been compared to a religion: it has its high priests (statisticians), supplicants (journal editors and researchers), and orthodoxy (for example, p <.05 is significant). Although the comparison may be more unfair to religion than to research, a useful lesson can nonetheless be drawn: the practice of clinical research may benefit—as does the spirit—from critical self-examination. Arguably, no aspect of the conduct of clinical trials is currently more controversial—and thus in as dire need of critical examination—than the use of placebo controls. The ethical and scientific controversies associated with placebo-controlled trials, never far below the surface, have once again seized public attention. Clearly, concern about these issues within the professional community runs deep and wide, as evidenced by the volume of response generated by Kenneth Rothman and Karin Michels's recent Critique. Criticisms of the use of placebo controls in clinical research are scattered through the literatureo; our objective is to present the case against placebos in a compendious form that takes account of scientific and statistical as well as normative issues.
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Khan, Wajahat, and Dr Khalil Al-Rehman. "الاكتئاب في علم النفس المعاصر ودراسته في ضوء الإسلام." ĪQĀN 3, no. 01 (January 26, 2021): 65–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.36755/iqan.v3i01.220.
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Immense sadness is called depression which is a common and serious mood disorder affecting 121 million people worldwide. It affects thoughts, feelings, behaviors, physical health and social life of a person. Depressed person overwhelms with sadness, loses interest in life and feels difficulty in making decisions. Brain chemistry, genetics, social and environmental factors may cause depression. Antidepressants and talking therapies are major treatment of depression. Islam is a true religion on the earth, which covers all aspects of life, bridges gap between spirit and matter, balances between individualism and collectivism. Fundamentals of Islam help in prevention and treatment of depression. A true Muslim believes in oneness of Allah almighty, he believes that Allah almighty alone runs all affairs of universe, considers life as a place of trials and tribulations, remains patient in difficulties of life, his heart is peaceful with the remembrance of Allah, he puts trust in Allah almighty, whenever he commits sin repents, seeks forgiveness from Allah almighty for his sin.
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Vera-Salmerón, Eugenio, Claudia Rutherford, Carmen Dominguez-Nogueira, María Pilar Tudela-Vázquez, Victor J. Costela-Ruiz, and Basilio Gómez-Pozo. "Monitoring Immobilized Elderly Patients Using a Public Provider Online System for Pressure Ulcer Information and Registration (SIRUPP): Protocol for a Health Care Impact Study." JMIR Research Protocols 8, no. 8 (August 12, 2019): e13701. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/13701.
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Background Pressure ulcers represent a major challenge to patient safety in the health care context, presenting high incidence (from 7% to 14% in Spain) and increased financial costs (€400-600 million/year) in medical treatment. Moreover, they are a significant predictor of mortality. The prevention of pressure ulcers in long-term care centers and patients’ own homes is proposed as a priority indicator of health care quality. Early stage risk assessment and database recording are both crucial aspects of prevention, classification, diagnosis, and treatment. Objective This project proposes a 3-year study of immobilized patients residing in the Granada-Metropolitan Primary Healthcare District (DSGM) and monitored via the Pressure Ulcer Information and Registration System (SIRUPP, Spanish initials). The project aims to estimate the incidence of PUs among immobilized elderly patients, analyze the health-related quality of life of these patients by using the Pressure Ulcer Quality of Life (PU-QoL) instrument in a sample of 250 patients, determine the average time to complete wound healing, estimate the rate of pressure ulcers–associated mortality, and assess the predictive value of the Braden and Mini Nutritional Assessment risk measurement scales in a sample of 1700 patients. Methods The DSGM runs SIRUPP, which is linked to patients’ electronic health records. Currently, 17,104 immobilized patients are monitored under this system. Health-related quality of life will be measured by patient self-reports using the Spanish Pressure Ulcer Quality of Life questionnaire, following cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation with respect to the English-language version. Results The project commenced in June 2017 and is expected to conclude in April 2020. Conclusions This study addresses two main health outcomes—the time needed for wound healing and the mortality associated with pressure ulcers—both of which might be accounted for by variations in clinical practice and the health-related quality of life of patients with pressure ulcers. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/13701
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Zaman, Shahaduz, Alexander Whitelaw, Naomi Richards, Hamilton Inbadas, and David Clark. "A moment for compassion: emerging rhetorics in end-of-life care." Medical Humanities 44, no. 2 (February 10, 2018): 140–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medhum-2017-011329.
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Compassion is an emotional response to the suffering of others. Once felt, it entails subsequent action to ameliorate their suffering. Recently, ‘compassion’ has become the flagship concept to be fostered in the delivery of end-of-life care, and a rallying call for social action and public health intervention. In this paper, we examine the emerging rhetorics of compassion as they relate to end-of-life care and offer a critique of the expanding discourse around it. We argue that, even where individuals ‘possess’ compassion or are ‘trained’ in it, there are difficulties for compassion to flow freely, particularly within Western society. This relates to specific sociopolitical structural factors that include the sense of privacy and individualism in modern industrialised countries, highly professionalised closed health systems, anxiety about litigation on health and safety grounds, and a context of suspicion and mistrust within the global political scenario. We must then ask ourselves whether compassion can be created intentionally, without paying attention to the structural aspects of society. One consequence of globalisation is that countries in the global South are rapidly trying to embrace the features of modernity adopted by the global North. We argue that unrealistic assumptions have been made about the role of compassion in end-of-life care and these idealist aspirations must be tempered by a more structural assessment of potential. Compassion that is not tied to to realistic action runs the risk of becoming empty rhetoric.
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Garcia, Sandry, Jaclyn Ford, Eric Fields, Tony Cunningham, and Elizabeth Kensinger. "Older age is associated with more positive reframing of memories from the spring phase of the covid-19 pandemic." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.3490.
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Abstract Older adults often focus on positive aspects of past events, showing resiliency that runs counter to negative stereotypes of aging. We asked whether older adults would retain this positive focus even during the COVID-19 pandemic that puts older adults at particular health risk. We examined how age would relate to the experience of affect during the spring phase of the pandemic and also how it would affect their memories of that spring phase. We predicted that when reflecting on the spring phase of the pandemic, older age would be associated with an increased tendency to focus on “silver linings” and a decreased focus on negative aspects. Furthermore, we explored whether focusing on those “silver linings” would be driven by (i) more positive experienced affect during the spring-phase, or (ii) by a memory-specific effect that would persist after controlling for experienced affect. As predicted, older age was associated with increased focus on “silver linings” such as feelings of hope that the measures would reduce disease spread (p <.001) or memories of the community coming together (p <.001). These effects remained even when controlling for older adults’ more-positive affect during the spring phase of the pandemic (community coming together, p=.03, and feeling hope, p=.008). These results suggest that older adults remain resilient during the ongoing pandemic. Compared to younger adults, older adults experience greater affective well-being in the moment and also benefit from a memory-specific mechanism allowing them to view the ongoing negative event through a rosier lens.
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Ffytche, Dominic. "6 Perceptual pathology at the margins of hallucination." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 91, no. 8 (July 20, 2020): e3.1-e3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2020-bnpa.6.
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Dr Ffytche is Reader in Visual Psychiatry at King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience and Consultant Old Age Psychiatrist at the Maudsley Hospital where he runs a national specialist clinic for visual hallucinations and related symptoms. He has published extensively on clinical and neuroscientific aspects of visual hallucinations and is an international expert on Charles Bonnet Syndrome.Hallucinations - particularly those in the visual modality - are emerging as important symptoms in degenerative brain and eye disease because of their prevalence, clinical impact and implications for future cognitive trajectory. Yet hallucinations are only one of several visual perceptual pathologies that occur in these conditions and the question arises whether experiences traditionally considered distinct from hallucinations - illusions, misperceptions, pareidolias and metamorphopsias, for example - share the pathophysiological mechanism and prognostic implications of hallucinations. Using evidence from Parkinson’s disease, Charles Bonnet Syndrome and different dementias, I will argue that perceptual experiences at the margins of hallucination reflect a range of pathological mechanisms, some shared with hallucinations others not. The findings suggest that closer clinical attention to the phenomenological detail of visual perceptual pathology is required to better predict future outcome and inform treatment decisions.
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Oviedo Oviedo, Nancy Viviana, José Manuel Sacanambuy Cabrera, Sonia Maritza Matabanchoy Tulcan, and Christian Alexander Zambrano Guerrero. "Percepción de conductores de transporte urbano, sobre calidad de vida laboral." Universidad y Salud 18, no. 3 (December 20, 2016): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.22267/rus.161803.49.
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Introducción: La calidad de vida laboral en las organizaciones es un aspecto transversal en la gestión del talento humano ya que esta área además de implementar, mantener y mejorar los sistemas de gestión de calidad y los procesos de prestación del servicio, centra su intervención en el componente humano. Objetivo: Caracterizar la calidad de vida laboral a través de los procesos de gestión del talento humano del Sistema Estratégico de Transporte Público de la ciudad de Pasto. Materiales y métodos: Se empleó un paradigma cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo, con el fin de identificar, describir y analizar la calidad de vida laboral por medio de la salud, bienestar y percepción de trabajo, contando con la participación de 468 conductores. Se utilizó técnicas de recolección de información como la revisión bibliográfica, una escala de actitudes tipo Likert y una encuesta de autoreporte de morbilidad sentida, los resultados de estas aplicaciones fueron sistematizados por medio del programa estadístico IBM SPSS Statistics. Resultados: Dentro de esta población existe una actitud favorable hacia sus condiciones de salud (79,3%), sin embargo, estos autoreportes muestran la presencia de dolores físicos que afectan la salud de los trabajadores (dolores de espalda, cintura y manos), una actitud muy favorable frente al bienestar laboral (77,6%) y una actitud muy favorable hacia la percepción del trabajo (75,2%). Conclusiónes: Los resultados permiten identificar las áreas por fortalecer, promover la calidad de vida de los conductores (salud laboral, bienestar laboral y percepción de trabajo), mejorar la prestación del servicio y favorecer el desarrollo de la ciudad, resaltando la labor del psicólogo organizacional dentro de la empresa.AbstractIntroduction: Quality of working life in organizations is a transversal aspect in the management of human talent, since this area not only implements, maintains and improves quality management systems and processes of service provision, but also focus its intervention on the human component. Objective: Characterize the quality of working life through the processes of human talent management of the Strategic System of Public Transport in the city of Pasto. Materials and methods: Therefore, a quantitative paradigm of a descriptive type was used in order to identify, describe and analyze the quality of work life through health, well-being and perception of work, with the participation of 468 drivers. The methods used for data collection were bibliographic review, a Likert-type attitude scale and a self-report questionnaire for morbidity. The results of these applications were systematized using the statistical software IBM SPSS Statistics. Results: Within this population there is a favorable attitude towards their health conditions (79.3%); however, these self-reports show the presence of physical pains that affect the health of workers (back pains, waist and hands), a very favorable attitude when facing the labor welfare (77.6%) and a very favorable attitude towards the perception of work (75.2%). Conclusions: The results allow to identify the areas to be strengthened: promoting the drivers’ quality of life (occupational health, labor well-being and job perception), improving provision of service and promoting the development of the city where the labor of the organizational psychologist is highlighted within the company.
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McDonald, Jacqueline, Jennette Hibbs, Madhuri Reddy, Susan Stuckless, Daria O'Reilly, Brendan J. Barrett, and Patrick S. Parfrey. "Long-Term Care in the St. John's Region: Impact of Single Entry and Prediction of Bed Need." Healthcare Management Forum 18, no. 3 (October 2005): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0840-4704(10)60360-2.
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In 1996, the St. John's region had a population of 8,435 ≥ 75 years, with 996 nursing home (NH) beds and 550 supervised care (SC) beds. A single entry system to these institutions was implemented in 1995. To determine the impact of the single entry system, the demographic and clinical characteristics of NH residents were assessed in 1997 (N = 1,044) and in 2003 (N = 963). To determine the efficiency of placement and the need for long-term care beds, two incident cohorts requesting placement were studied in 1995/96 (N = 467) and in 1999/2000 (N = 464). Degree of disability was determined using the Residents Utilization Groups III classification (RUG-III) and the Alberta Resident Classification Score (ARCS), and time to placement and to death was measured. In prevalent NH residents, the percentage without RUGS-III disability decreased from 18.5% in 1997 and to 9.9% in 2003. The proportion recommended for NH was 75% in 1995/96 and 72% in 1999/2000, despite the fact that the proportion with RUGS-III disability was 64% in both periods. Using a decision tree, optimal placement for the 1999/2000 cohort was 36% to SC, 20% to SC for the cognitively impaired, and 44% to NH. Predicted need for long-term care beds in 2004 matched poorly with current provision of NH and SC beds, and the mismatch will be worse in 2014. It was concluded that the single entry system was associated with improved appropriateness of NH bed utilization. However, there was a mismatch in need for and provision of institutional long-term care. Investment in the reconfiguration of long-term care beds by case mix and by geography is necessary.
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Rakhmat Kabul, Eka, and Haries Madiistriyatno. "EVALUATION OF IMPLEMENTATION OF HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT (HSE) PROGRAM IN OIL AND GAS TRANSPORTATION COMPANY (IN THE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT APPROACH)." Dinasti International Journal of Management Science 2, no. 3 (January 21, 2021): 360–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31933/dijms.v2i3.696.
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The focus of this research is to ensure that the implementation of the Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) program which runs as the goals and the objectives that have been set, the factors that lead to the success or failure of the program and the benefits derived from the implementation of the HSE program for employees and companies. This research is a qualitative research using the method of evaluation of the Context Input Process Product (CIPP) approach. Data taken using the guidelines interviews, questionnaires and observation studies and in the analysis of documents with descriptive methods through discussions and triangulation. All the activites of decision data is performed to all stakeholders components into aspects of evalution in this study include: Context Evaluation (C): The importance of goals and objectives in the implementation of the program; Input Evaluation (I): Strategies, procedures and activities of the program; Process Evaluation (P): Implemention process of the program; Product Evaluation (P): Outcomes and benefits of the program. The results showed that the implementation of HSE program is generally in accordance with its performance indicators but the success of the program has not been fully fulfilled because the program strategy is not directed and incomplete so that the implementation process is not quite as it should be because of the absence of adequate standard operation procedure. The recommendation of this research is that if the company wishes to continue the HSE program successfully, the company should review the vision, mission, goals and objectives of the program (Context), then fix the program strategy completely and purposefully (Input), completing the operation procedures, so that the implementation process in accordance with the standard operation procedure (Process)) that will further ensure the success of this HSE program (Product).
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Parks, Jennifer A., and Timothy F. Murphy. "So not mothers: responsibility for surrogate orphans." Journal of Medical Ethics 44, no. 8 (April 12, 2018): 551–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2017-104331.
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The law ordinarily recognises the woman who gives birth as the mother of a child, but in certain jurisdictions, it will recognise the commissioning couple as the legal parents of a child born to a commercial surrogate. Some commissioning parents have, however, effectively abandoned the children they commission, and in such cases, commercial surrogates may find themselves facing unexpected maternal responsibility for children they had fully intended to give up. Any assumption that commercial surrogates ought to assume maternal responsibility for abandoned children runs contrary to the moral suppositions that typically govern contract surrogacy, in particular, assumptions that gestational carriers are not ‘mothers’ in any morally significant sense. In general, commercial gestational surrogates are almost entirely conceptualised as ‘vessels’. In a moral sense, it is deeply inconsistent to expect commercial surrogates to assume maternal responsibility simply because commissioning parents abandon children for one reason or another. We identify several instances of child abandonment and discuss their implications with regard to the moral conceptualisation of commercial gestational surrogates. We conclude that if gestational surrogates are to remain conceptualised as mere vessels, they should not be expected to assume responsibility for children abandoned by commissioning parents, not even the limited responsibility of giving them up for adoption or surrendering them to the state.
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Miah, Jahanara, Suzanne Parsons, Karina Lovell, Bella Starling, Iracema Leroi, and Piers Dawes. "Impact of involving people with dementia and their care partners in research: a qualitative study." BMJ Open 10, no. 10 (October 2020): e039321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039321.
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ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the impact of patient and public involvement (PPI) at each stage of the research cycle in a dementia research programme.DesignWe used monitoring forms to record the impact of the research programme’s PPI at different stages of research and qualitative interviews with all participants to evaluate the impact of PPI.SettingWe evaluated Research User Groups (RUGs—older people with dementia and care partners) which were established to provide PPI support for the research programme in multiple European sites.ParticipantsWe purposively sampled RUG members (n=34) and researchers (n=13) who had participated in PPI activities. Inclusion criteria for the study were: (a) RUG members who had participated in the research awareness training and in PPI activities and had the capacity to consent; (b) researchers who involved RUGs in their work.ResultsImpact on the research: changes to the study conduct were made as a result of the feedback from RUGs. These included prioritisation of clinical recommendations, the wording of study information and recruitment materials, the content and layout of the user interface for a computerised memory test, interpretation of intervention results and advice on dissemination avenues. Impact on RUG members: they reported that involvement had given them a sense of purpose and satisfaction. Their perception of health research changed from being an exclusive activity to one, which lay people, could have meaningful involvement. Impact on researchers: PPI was a new way of working and interacting with PPI members had given them insight into the impact of their work on people living with dementia.ConclusionsPPI can have a substantial impact on dementia research and the people involved in the research. To justify the time and expense of PPI, the advantageous practical impacts of PPI should be systematically recorded and consistently reported.
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Liu, Fang, and Evercita C. Eugenio. "A review and comparison of Bayesian and likelihood-based inferences in beta regression and zero-or-one-inflated beta regression." Statistical Methods in Medical Research 27, no. 4 (May 25, 2016): 1024–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0962280216650699.
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Beta regression is an increasingly popular statistical technique in medical research for modeling of outcomes that assume values in (0, 1), such as proportions and patient reported outcomes. When outcomes take values in the intervals [0,1), (0,1], or [0,1], zero-or-one-inflated beta (zoib) regression can be used. We provide a thorough review on beta regression and zoib regression in the modeling, inferential, and computational aspects via the likelihood-based and Bayesian approaches. We demonstrate the statistical and practical importance of correctly modeling the inflation at zero/one rather than ad hoc replacing them with values close to zero/one via simulation studies; the latter approach can lead to biased estimates and invalid inferences. We show via simulation studies that the likelihood-based approach is computationally faster in general than MCMC algorithms used in the Bayesian inferences, but runs the risk of non-convergence, large biases, and sensitivity to starting values in the optimization algorithm especially with clustered/correlated data, data with sparse inflation at zero and one, and data that warrant regularization of the likelihood. The disadvantages of the regular likelihood-based approach make the Bayesian approach an attractive alternative in these cases. Software packages and tools for fitting beta and zoib regressions in both the likelihood-based and Bayesian frameworks are also reviewed.
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O'Reilly, Darla, Patrick S. Parfrey, Brendan Barrett, and Jackie McDonald. "Efficiency of Institutional Long Term Care and Annual Demands for Placement." Healthcare Management Forum 11, no. 3 (October 1998): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0840-4704(10)60667-9.
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The objective of this study was to determine the efficiency of and annual demands for institutional long term care placement in the St. John's region. The study population comprised all applicants assessed for institutional long term care through the Community Health St. John's Region Single Entry System in 1995–96. The outcome measures used for the study included estimates of client resource utilization employing the RUGs III and Alberta Resident Classification System; hospital beds occupied; time to placement; and annual demands on long term care. The study concludes that objective criteria for admission to supervised care and nursing home care may help reduce the number of inappropriate placements (thus maximizing the use of existing nursing home beds) and decrease annual demands. Investment in alternatives to nursing home care for those with modest disability is suggested.
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Ng, Victoria, Aamir Fazil, Lisa A. Waddell, Patricia Turgeon, Ainsley Otten, and Nicholas H. Ogden. "Modelling the impact of shutdowns on resurging SARS-CoV-2 transmission in Canada." Royal Society Open Science 8, no. 5 (May 2021): 210233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.210233.
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Background: Shutdowns are enacted when alternative public health measures are insufficient to control the epidemic and the population is largely susceptible. An age-stratified agent-based model was developed to explore the impact of shutdowns to control SARS-CoV-2 transmission in Canada under the assumption that current efforts to control the epidemic remains insufficient and in the absence of a vaccine. Methods: We estimated the current levels of interventions in Canada to generate a baseline scenario from 7 February to 7 September 2020. Four aspects of shutdowns were explored in scenarios that ran from 8 September 2020 to 7 January 2022, these included the impact of how quickly shutdowns are implemented, the duration of shutdowns, the minimum break (delays) between shutdowns and the types of sectors to shutdown. Comparisons among scenarios were made using cases, hospitalizations, deaths and shutdown days during the 700-day model runs. Results: We found a negative relationship between reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission and the number of shutdown days. However, we also found that for shutdowns to be optimally effective, they need to be implemented fast with minimal delay, initiated when community transmission is low, sustained for an adequate period and be stringent and target multiple sectors, particularly those driving transmission. By applying shutdowns in this manner, the total number of shutdown days could be reduced compared to delaying the shutdowns until further into the epidemic when transmission is higher and/or implementing short insufficient shutdowns that would require frequent re-implementation. This paper contrasts a range of shutdown strategies and trade-offs between health outcomes and economic metrics that need to be considered within the local context. Interpretation: Given the immense socioeconomic impact of shutdowns, they should be avoided where possible and used only when other public health measures are insufficient to control the epidemic. If used, the time it buys to delay the epidemic should be used to enhance other equally effective, but less disruptive, public health measures.
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Weber-Rajek, Magdalena, Agnieszka Strączyńska, Katarzyna Strojek, Zuzanna Piekorz, Beata Pilarska, Marta Podhorecka, Kinga Sobieralska-Michalak, Aleksander Goch, and Agnieszka Radzimińska. "Assessment of the Effectiveness of Pelvic Floor Muscle Training (PFMT) and Extracorporeal Magnetic Innervation (ExMI) in Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial." BioMed Research International 2020 (January 17, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1019872.
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Objective. The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of pelvic floor muscle training and extracorporeal magnetic innervation in treatment of urinary incontinence in women with stress urinary incontinence. Methods. The randomized controlled trial enrolled 128 women with stress urinary incontinence who were randomly allocated to either one out of two experimental groups (EG1 or EG2) or the control group (CG). Subjects in the experimental group 1 (EG1) received 12 sessions of pelvic floor muscle training, whereas subjects in the experimental group 2 (EG2) received 12 sessions of extracorporeal magnetic innervation. Subjects in the control group (CG) did not receive any therapeutic intervention. The following instruments were used to measure results in all study groups at the initial and final assessments: Revised Urinary Incontinence Scale (RUIS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), and King’s Health Questionnaire (KHQ). Results. In both experimental groups, a statistically significant decline in depressive symptoms (BDI-II) and an improvement in urinary incontinence severity (RUIS) and quality of life (KHQ) were found in the following domains: “social limitations,” “emotions,” “severity measures,” and “symptom severity scale.” Moreover, self-efficacy beliefs (GSES) improved in the experimental group that received ExMI (EG2). No statistically significant differences were found between all measured variables in the control group. Comparative analysis of the three study groups showed statistically significant differences at the final assessment in the quality of life in the following domains: “physical limitations,” “social limitations,” “personal relationships,” and “emotions.” Conclusion. Pelvic floor muscle training and extracorporeal magnetic innervation proved to be effective treatment methods for stress urinary incontinence in women. The authors observed an improvement in both the physical and psychosocial aspects.
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Gomes, Romeu. "A Violência enquanto agravo à saúde de meninas que vivem nas ruas." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 10, suppl 1 (1994): S156—S167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x1994000500011.
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O artigo consiste num recorte de uma pesquisa que aborda a relação entre prostituição infantil, processo saúde-doença ligado à sexualidade e violência, configurada no ambiente de meninas que vivem nas ruas. Neste trabalho são apresentados apenas os resultados sobre violência revelados na fala das meninas. Para uma compreensão destes dados, inicialmente são tecidas considerações básicas sobre a .violência e sobre a pesquisa em geral. Após esta discussão procura-se caracterizar, de forma sintética, o cenário dos atores sociais estudados. Dentro deste cenário analisam-se aspectos da história de vida das meninas, bem como a fala delas sobre a violência, dentro de uma dimensão social. A partir desta análise conclui-se que as situações de violência vividas pelas meninas comprometem a saúde, deixando marcas profundas em seus corpos e em suas mentes.
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Musa, Carla Fernanda Amaral, Gabriel Ratzlaff, Adriano Mendonça de Freitas, and Dimas Bortolini Gloeden. "ANÁLISE SOCIAL E ERGONÔMICA DA ATIVIDADE DE COLETA INFORMAL DE MATERIAL RECICLÁVEL." Revista Tecnologia e Tendências 10, no. 1 (March 12, 2019): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.25112/rtt.v10i1.1488.
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A atividade de coletar materiais recicláveis das ruas tem aumentado consideravelmente no Brasil. Por ser uma profissão exercida nas vias urbanas, acaba absorvendo aspectos negativos que inevitavelmente acabam por prejudicar o trabalhador. Além de problemas relacionados à saúde no trabalho, é visível um processo de exclusão dessas pessoas por uma maioria da população. Com isso, o presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a situação atual desta atividade, apontando suas carências e reais necessidades, a fim de torná-la mais humana. Como ferramentas de pesquisa, foram feitas entrevistas e análises observatórias em diversos locais, constatando-se que estes trabalhadores são prejudicados por problemas não só ergonômicos, mas também sociais, e por isso sugere-se uma abordagem a fim de criar um vínculo entre o catador e a sociedade que o rodeia, para que então se possa também resolver as questões ergonômicas, que acabam sendo secundárias quando os trabalhadores são incluídos em uma sociedade que os exclui.Palavras-chave: Catadores de materiais recicláveis. Ergonomia. Sociedade. Reciclagem. Design social.ABSTRACTThe activity of collecting recyclable materials from the streets has increased considerably in Brazil. Being a profession exercised on the streets it ends up absorbing negatives aspects that inevitably end up harming the worker. In addition to the problems related to work health, a process of exclusion of these people by a majority of the population is visible. Therefore, this article aims to analyze the current situation of this the activity, pointing out its real needs, in order to make it more human. As research tools, interviews and observatory analysis were made in several places, showing that these workers are not only harmed by ergonomic problems but also by social issues, and because of that a different approach is suggested, aiming the development of a bond between the worker and the society around him so the ergonomic issues can be solved, since they end up being secondary when the workers are included in a society that excludes them.Keywords: Recyclable material collectors. Ergonomics. Society. Recycling. Social design.