Dissertations / Theses: 'Health disasters'

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Faisal, Saman. "Mental Health Impact of Disasters." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/56.

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It is very important to study the mental health impact of disasters to provide adequate mental health services when there is an increased demand of mental health services and a concurrent deterioration of mental healthcare capacity after disasters. This study examined the mental health impact of 9/11 attacks among the individuals living close to the disaster area and compared them to the individuals living farther from the disaster area. New York (NY) state and Washington DC were selected as the disaster areas and Illinois (IL) was selected to study individuals living farther from the disaster area. The study also assessed the effects of mental health on risky behaviors such as cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption and how they vary based on age, gender and proximity to the disaster. Ten year Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data from 1996-2005 was obtained for NY, DC and IL. Significant increase in mental distress was observed in NY and DC but not in IL. Increased use of alcohol was found among DC and NY residents but the increase in IL was not significant. Logistic regression showed that increase in alcohol consumption was not associated with mental health. An overall decrease in cigarette smoking was observed and there was no impact of disaster on smoking rates. Mental distress was much higher among the female respondents as compared to the male respondents. Mental distress was highest among 35- 49 year old respondents as compared to other age groups. In future longitudinal studies should be conducted in order to establish the causal relationship of mental health and risk behaviors such as smoking and alcohol consumption after disasters. Most of the interventions regarding post-disaster mental health focus on PTSD but other mental disorders should also be addressed.

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Fugate-Whitlock, Elizabeth. "Natural Disasters and Older Adults: The Social Construction of Disaster Planning." VCU Scholars Compass, 2011. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2617.

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Examining older adults’ experiences with and response toward hurricanes within the context of the community of residence is key to both understanding their experiences and planning for future hurricanes. Specific to this research, the objective was to understand the current social network of older adults, or who provides care for whom under what circumstances, using the social constructionist perspective. Grounded theory combined with action research was the theoretical orientation guiding the study. Sources of data included the collection of household disaster plans, semi-structured interviews with older adult residents of housing authority neighborhoods, semi-structured interviews with community planners, and observation of community planning meetings. Data were gathered from older adults living in housing authority communities in Southeastern North Carolina using guidelines established by the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services to develop individual disaster plans. The individual disaster plans were completed during face to face meetings with the older adults, as were semi-structured interviews. Semi-structured interviews were also completed with area planners. Agendas, minutes, and observational notes from disaster planning meetings were collected. The content of the individual disaster plans, semi-structured interviews, and observation notes were then analyzed to determine gaps that must be addressed in order to meet the overall needs of the community. Working with participants, the housing authority disaster response committee, and county planners, a neighborhood plan will be developed that reflects the social construction of all concerned for use in response to future hurricanes. The impact of the multiple levels of communities was apparent in this research. While common thematic processes emerged in data analysis, planners, housing authority personnel and residents of housing communities define community differently. There is discordance when they identify needed resources, and when they reflect on past experience. A power differential which resulted in stifling was also observed.

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Hugelius, Karin. "Disaster response for recovery : survivors experiences, and the use of disaster radio to promote health after natural disasters." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-52653.

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Disasters occur all over the world, and affect a rising number of people. The health effects of natural disasters depend on several factors present before, during, and after a disaster event. However, there is only limited knowledge of survivors experiences, needs, and health after natural disasters. Disaster radio means a temporary radio station that broadcasts information, music, and support to the affected population. Disaster radio has the potential to function even in a severely affected area, but its effects need to be further evaluated from a health perspective. The context of this thesis was the Haiyan supertyphoon that hit parts of the Philippines in November 2013. The overall aim was to describe survivors’ and health professionals’ experiences during and in the immediate aftermath of a natural disaster, the health effects from such a disaster, and how disaster radio as a disaster response intervention can be used and evaluated from a health perspective. The thesis includes four studies using qualitative research methods, including content analysis and a phenomenological hermeneutic method, and quantitative methods with statistical analysis. The results show that the Haiyan typhoon affected physical, psychological, and social dimensions of health. Disaster radio was used to broadcast health-related information and psychosocial support, and made a positive contribution to recovery from the perspective of the survivors. Being a health professional deployed during the disaster was an experience of being both a helper and a victim. The use of a self-selected internetbased sample recruited via Facebook for a web-based survey mitigated several practical challenges related to disaster research, but also raised questions about the generalizability of the results. Based on the findings, the importance of an integrated physical, psychological, and social health response to natural disasters is emphazized. Also, the health care system should prepare to use disaster radio as disaster response. In addition, the results suggest that disaster training for health professionals should include personal preparation and coping strategies. Internet-based methods in disaster research need to be further evaluated.

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Blackburn, Nerina June. "Psychologists' perceived influences of early strategies on the psychosocial response to those affected by disasters." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1416.

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Currently some confusion exists as to how health professionals should best respond to the psychological needs of those affected by disasters. Some have argued that early psychological intervention is essential and others have argued that early formal psychological interventions have no useful role in post trauma response. This study highlights the importance of considering both counselling and non-counselling factors as potentially influencing the psychosocial response of disaster victims. Although posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is not the only mental disorder that can develop as a result of exposure to disasters, it is probably the most frequent and debilitating psychological disorder associated with traumatic stress. In this exploratorydescriptive study the researcher aimed to explore and describe psychologists’ perceived influences of early strategies on the psychosocial response to those affected by disaster. The researcher used non-probability snowball sampling to access participants. The sample consisted of 5 participants. Semi structured interviews were conducted. Content analysis was used to analyse the data obtained from interviews. Results that emerged from the data suggest that there are many factors that influence the psychosocial response to those affected by disasters. These factors include the screening process, needs of survivors, the method of choice for treatment, the timing of intervention, pharmacology, the South African context, training and planning. The study makes a contribution to the growing knowledge of early strategies in response to those affected by disasters.

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Schreeb, Johan von. "Needs assessment for international humanitarian health assistance in disasters /." Stockholm, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-375-7/.

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Källmark, Amanda. "Maternal health care in natural disasters : A study on the International Federation of the Red Cross’s maternal health care in flooding disaster relief." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-439538.

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This thesis aims to describe how the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) tends to maternal health care in floodings and whether it should be deemed sufficient. Floodings in Pakistan (2010), Bangladesh (2017) and Sudan (2013) are used as units of analysis when conducting a content analysis. The theoretical framework consists of critical success factors for disaster response based in the emergency management literature. A big part of the theoretical framework revolves around the importance of expertise and rationality in disaster response planning and implementation. The three floodings received relief efforts from IFRC which are presented in emergency appeal reports. Lists on essential maternal health care interventions in combination with the theoretical framework create analysis questions that are posed to the appeals. Results are presented in a table naming the prevalence of each intervention in each report. The findings show that maternal health care was seen to and deemed sufficient in only one of the three cases: Pakistan. The conclusion is that the discourse on maternal health care in natural disasters should be developed and that further research on the subject needs to be conducted.

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Sullivan, Kendra. "Simulating rural Emergency Medical Services during mass casualty disasters." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/779.

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Chen, Wanying. "Modelling the logisitcs response to disasters." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAL0046/document.

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Cette thèse est consacrée à l'optimisation de la logistique sanitaire pour soutenir les plans de gestion de crise afin de réduire les effets des catastrophes naturelles et/ou humaines en termes de santé publique. Les catastrophes naturelles peuvent être prédites, mais elles sont difficiles à éviter. Par conséquence, la prise en charge des victimes potentielles et le dimensionnement des moyens logistiques de secours y afférent sont d'une importance cruciale. Une approche analytique en trois étapes est proposée afin d'étudier le dimensionnement des ressources et l'organisation des plans de gestion de crise (plan blanc) d’origine naturelle. La première étape propose un modèle de référence pour concevoir un plan de gestion de crise. La deuxième étape considère un modèle d’optimisation linéaire pour prédire le nombre de ressources nécessaires. La dernière étape présente un modèle dynamique pour simuler l'ensemble de l’organisation de manière fine. L'évacuation d’un hôpital dans le cadre d’un plan blanc étendu à plusieurs hôpitaux pour faire face à un tsunami fluvial a été considérée comme scénario pour évaluer la justesse de notre approche. Les catastrophes d'origine humaine et la propagation des maladies peuvent donner lieu à des désastres de grande ampleur qui mobilisent de nombreuses ressources humaines et matérielles. Par exemple, un modèle de réponse logistique face à une attaque bioterroriste avec un agent non-contagieux ainsi qu’un modèle pour la réponse logistique aux épidémies ont été proposés. Elles traduisent un problème de gestion d’inventaire multi-échelons et multi-périodes. Ces deux modèles dynamiques de flux requièrent une optimisation linéaire et une optimisation non-linéaire respectivement. Ils intègrent les caractéristiques de la gestion de ces catastrophes: la propagation de l’infection ou de la maladie, les réponses médicales appropriées et le déploiement de la logistique associée. Avec ces deux modèles, le nombre de patients aux différents stades de la maladie et le nombre des ressources médicales nécessaires pour chaque période peuvent être calculés. Les facteurs qui influent sur le nombre de décès et l’efficience des différentes politiques d'intervention médicale, peuvent également être évalués. Les deux modèles peuvent ainsi aider les décideurs à prévoir les conséquences de la situation en cas de catastrophe ainsi que de connaître les informations d'une réponse pertinente, ceci à un niveau stratégique. Une réponse logistique à une attaque bioterroriste anonyme à l'anthrax dans un centre commercial et une réponse logistique à une pandémie H5N1 sont pris comme scénarios pour tester l'efficacité des modèles correspondants
This thesis is devoted to optimize the health care logistics which can support emergency management plans to reduce the impacts of natural and/or man-made disasters. After the review of relevant papers, two main gaps have been found in the current studies. One is that most of the researches are not based on real cases. The other is that some main characteristics of disasters are neglected when disasters are studied. Therefore, based on real case scenarios, the thesis studies different disasters (natural and/or man-made disasters) separately according to the characteristics of disasters. Natural disasters may be predicted but are difficult to avoid. Therefore, the evacuation of potential victims and the dimensioning of relief resources are crucially important. A three-step approach is proposed to study the resource dimensioning and the organization of emergency management plan (French White Plan) facing natural disasters. In our three-step approach, the first step builds a framework model to get the insights of emergency management plan clearly. The second step establishes a global model (a linear model) to predict the quantity of required resources for evacuation. The third step proposes a detailed simulation model to reflect the real world more precisely. The hospital evacuation under the guidance of a French Extended White Plan in case of a flood has been taken as a real case scenario to test the correctness of our approach. The man-made disasters and the outbreak of diseases can be large-scale disasters which require a high demand of resources. In this thesis, a model for logistics response to bioterrorist attack with a non-contagious agent and another model for the logistics response to epidemics have been proposed. Multi-period and multi-echelon inventory management problems have been studied. The two models (a linear model and a non linear model respectively) combine the main characteristics of disasters: the propagation of the disease, the relevant medical interventions and the logistics deployment together. The number of patients in different disease stages and the required medical resources for each period can be estimated. The factors affecting the number of deaths and the different medical intervention policies can also be evaluated with the two models. With the help of the models, the decision makers can get an idea of the disaster situation and the relevant medical responses from a strategy level. A logistics response to an anonymous bioterrorist attack with anthrax to a shopping center and the logistics response to the outbreak of H5N1 are taken as real case scenarios to test the effectiveness of the models respectively

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Blawn, Janet L. "Preparing individuals with mental illnesses for disasters| A grant proposal." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1527678.

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Natural disasters and catastrophic events have devastated hundreds of thousands of individuals worldwide. While governmental and disaster relief agencies attempt to respond as quickly as possible, individuals can be cut off from resources and services for extended periods, increasing stress and health complications. Individuals with mental illnesses are even more vulnerable in the aftermath of a disaster when they are cut off from vital medications and therapeutic services. Disaster preparedness promotes resilience and empowers individuals to take personal responsibility for their safety. The purpose of this project was to identify potential funding sources and write a grant proposal that funds the development and implementation of disaster preparedness classes for individuals living in the community with mental illnesses. Actual submission and/or funding of this grant was not a requirement for the successful completion of this project.

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Seyedin, Seyed Hesam. "Health systems effectiveness and efficiency for disasters and conflicts : a study in Iran." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/16780/.

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The study of disaster management has been one of the main concerns of medical doctors, managers, policy makers and scientists since the mid twentieth century. There is an urgent need to improve our understanding of disaster management systems and principals especially within health services. This will maximise the efficiency of organisations dealing with disasters. This thesis studies the disaster management system used by health organisations within the health ministry of Iran in order to look at productivity, weaknesses and strengths of the system among subordinate organisations and teams working within the health ministry. The study also looks at effects of previous disasters on preparedness of the organisations and the differences between hospitals and health centers in disaster management activities. Moreover the study uses the findings of the research as evidences to design an appropriate model and suggest reforms in the current system for the health ministry. The work is a mixed-method study that uses both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The population of the study included health managers in the three levels of local, regional and national organisations. For the qualitative part, some other stakeholders such as Red Crescent Organisation and WHO were included and interviewed. Seventy-eight face-to face semi-structured interviews in two phases (65 interviews for the first stage and the remainder of 13 for the model test) and an online and post questionnaire survey of 114 respondents (out of 214) sample at local (53% response rate) and 20 (out of 40) sample at regional (50% response rate) were conducted. The findings of the study showed that there are variations among subordinate organisations within the health ministry with regard to different aspects of disaster management and outcomes. These variations were evident in planning; training; policy; organisational issues and resources. The conclusion is that the current system is not sufficiently robust or productive. Further, previous disaster experiences did not have any systematic effect on the future efficiency of the system despite of a better performance in the short term. Moreover, some reforms were suggested as a model to increase efficiency and performance of the system in the health organisations.

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Yoder, Matthew. "Evaluation of an Ecological Intervention Targeting Helpers in the Aftermath of Disasters." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28038.

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Ecological interventions hold promise for meeting the needs of post-disaster communities, yet little systematic quantitative evidence is available about such programs. This study evaluated the short-term outcomes of participants in the Strategies for Trauma Awareness and Resilience (STAR) program, a novel and exemplar ecological intervention for helpers working in post-disaster settings. It is a one week training and support program for helpers working in disaster-affected communities. Changes in the psychological distress of 42 STAR participants, across four STAR sessions, were assessed and identified as primary outcome variables. Knowledge, attitude, and intended practice changes were also assessed, along with perceived support, using a pre (T1)/post (T2) design. These indicators were then tested as possible predictors of participantsâ changes in distress. An integrity check was conducted on a sample of the seminar modules to assess fidelity to the program manual. Qualitative data were also gathered from follow up visits conducted with two participants. These data were used to help interpret quantitative findings, as well as to plan for future studies of how STAR effects might extend out from helpers into their home communities. Results showed that participants exhibited significant changes in knowledge, attitudes, and intended practices from the beginning of the seminar to the end. Results also showed significant decreases in psychological distress over the STAR week. Regression analyses showed that changes in knowledge, attitudes, and practice, as well as perceived social support during the seminar, explained significant amounts of variance in self reported trauma symptoms at T2. Variance in T2 burnout and compassion fatigue explained by these predictors was notable but not statistically significant due to lack of power. Results suggest that STAR can change knowledge and attitudes of helpers from disaster communities and that participants in this program experience decreases in distress during their stay. The lack of a valid comparison group makes causal interpretations of these findings premature. Findings also suggest that changes in distress are not caused by, or even significantly related to, learning that takes place during the STAR week. The mechanism for distress reduction during the STAR week is an unresolved question. Other significant unresolved questions remain regarding the STAR intervention and ways the present findings can be generalized to ecological interventions more broadly. For example, while the current study suggests important changes occur in helpers during the STAR week, it is of central importance to explore how these changes translate into the disaster-affected home communities. Discussion also focuses on the difficulties involved in conducting systematic research with organizations and helpers whose primary goals are practical or clinical, not scientific. Despite the questions that remain, taken together, results point to the promise of STAR to address the mental health needs of helpers and perhaps eventually disaster communities.
Ph. D.

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Owens, Jacqueline K. "How Individuals With Chronic Illnesses Manage Health-Related Concerns During Disasters: Development of a Theoretical Framework." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1286055986.

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Christopher, Kenneth E. "The Effects of Hurricane and Tornado Disasters on Pregnancy Outcomes." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3436.

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Maternal prenatal exposure to hurricanes and tornadoes could contribute to an increased risk for adverse birth outcomes. Little is known about the effects of Hurricane Katrina of August 2005, on pregnancy outcomes in Mississippi. Additionally, little is known about the influence of the April 2011 Alabama tornado disaster on births in that state. The purpose of this study was to bridge this knowledge gap by examining the relationship between maternal prenatal exposure to these storms and adverse infant health outcomes. The theoretical framework guiding this retrospective, cross-sectional study was the life course approach. Data for this investigation included 2,000 records drawn from the Linked Infant Births and Deaths registers. Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were performed. Results indicated hurricane exposure was not a predictor of preterm birth (OR = .723, 95% CI = [.452, 1.16]; p = 1.76) or low birth weight (OR = .608, 95% CI = [.329-1.13]; p = .113). However, an association was observed between tornado exposure and preterm birth (OR = 1.68, 95% CI = [1.19-2.39]; p = < 0.05) and low birthweight (OR = 1.91, 95% CI = [1.27-2.87]; p = < 0.05). Findings suggest pregnant women are vulnerable to natural disaster storms, and are at risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes. The implications for social change include informing preparedness efforts to reduce vulnerability to increased pregnancy risk factors and adverse birth outcomes, consequential to hurricane and tornado disasters.

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Landguth, David C. "Public health specializations and education needs to support homeland security." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/06Mar%5FLandguth.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Homeland Security and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2006.
Thesis Advisor(s): Anke Richter. "March 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p.175-178). Also available online.

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Winkler, Julie Georgina. "Local Government Fiscal Stress and Financial Coping Strategies Following Disasters." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1703411/.

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This dissertation analyzes how local governments adapt to the fiscal stress of major disasters. Unifying theories of fiscal stress with emergency management theories, the dissertation presents a model of what influences local governments coping strategy use following disasters. Using new survey data and secondary financial data on cities, counties, and school districts that experienced Hurricane Harvey, findings show that local governments adapt in a variety of ways; of 137 local governments that responded, 66 percent used some number of coping strategies, with only 5 of 62 possible strategies not being used by any local governments. For those which did adapt, they on average used 7.06 strategies, and tended to show a preference towards revenue increasing strategies and rebuilding the community through new capital projects, with less emphasis on expenditure cuts compared to some prior literature findings on fiscal stress. The results indicate that local governments step up and provide new services necessary during the recovery process, to serve their community, despite fiscal stress. A negative binomial model shows partial support for the hypotheses that local governments with lower prior fiscal condition and greater hazard exposure will use more coping strategies. The findings show mixed results on whether institutional rules that restrict financial structures lead school districts to use more coping strategies than cities during the recovery process.

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Wilcox, Emily. "One City, Three Disasters: Music Therapists' Culminating Experiences with Disaster Relief in New York City to Meet the Current COVID-19 Pandemic." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1628075936338753.

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Khosa, Sana. "Examining multi-level and inter-organizational collaborative response to disasters: The case of Pakistan Floods in 2010." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/6302.

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Catastrophic disasters are different than routine disasters and managing them requires the mobilization of inter-organizational, inter-governmental, cross-sectoral and international humanitarian support. The role of the international community through International Non-governmental Organizations (INGOs), and multi-lateral organizations such as the United Nations (UN) becomes imperative when the scale of the disaster is unprecedented and difficult for a country to manage on its own. The initial response and relief phase of managing disasters is one in which many agencies with different expertise, capacities, working mandates, resources, skills, working cultures and norms come together to coordinate and collaborate to provide timely response and relief services. Thus, the terrain of managing catastrophic disasters is complex and requires a deeper study to understand and delineate the factors shaping and facilitating collaborative response and relief efforts. This study examines the multi-level and multi-layered collaborative response networks present at the national-international level, provincial and district/local level of disaster response and interactions. In this research the nature and effectiveness of collaboration is being studied through a relevant case study of a catastrophic natural disaster, the 2010 Pakistan Floods. The phase of immediate response is explored primarily through Network Theory perspectives including supportive theoretical perspectives such as Social Capital, Resource Dependency, and Institutional Collective Action Theory perspectives that help to explain collaborative interactions in disaster response networks. This study explores and describes factors that influence (either facilitate or hinder) collaboration is disaster response networks. The key research questions for this study are: What factors facilitate and impede collaborative response to catastrophic disasters at the local, provincial, national and international levels? What are the differences and similarities in response systems at different levels? Additional questions address how leadership support (attributed to government and political leaders and organizations), institutional support (in the form of plans, international appeals of response, and development of relief funds to manage aid), network capacity of different organizations (programmatic and relational), nature of resource dependencies between responding agencies, and structural configurations of response systems impact the collaborative response in disasters. A case study method has been applied in this research. The 2010 Pakistan Floods response network/system is identified through content analysis of various newspapers, situation reports and after-action reports using the Social Network Analysis (SNA) method via UCINET Software 6.1. The actual response network is analyzed and compared with existing national disaster response plans to examine the effectiveness of collaborative response through centrality measures, clique analysis and visual display. This approach is supplemented with semi-structured interviews of key institutional representatives that responded to the 2010 Floods. These organizations and institutions were primarily identified through the networks formulated via SNA. Findings and results from the analysis reflect that the response networks at each level of analysis differ both in structural aspects and also in functional aspects. The nature of the international-national response system is focused on mobilizing donor support and receiving and managing aid, both in-kind and cash. Also a major role at the international and national level is to mobilize the UN cluster approach and focus on broader aims of response such as providing shelter and food to affected areas. Some of the factors identified as facilitating collaborative response were leadership of both national and international leaders, and availability of donor support and funds. At the provincial level of analysis, the Chief Minister of Punjab is playing a central and influential role and is partnering closely with the Armed Forces and local district administration. Interviews conducted of provincial level officials help to support the hypotheses concerning leadership support's influence on collaborative response and also the role of institutional support in the form of creation of plans, and policies that help to mobilize quick funds and resources for relief. At the local level of response, networks are highly influenced by local conditions and local capacities of the district administration. Thus, there are diverse factors impacting each level of collaborative disaster response. All in all, leadership support, institutional support and network structural aspects are important variables that impact the effectiveness of collaborative response. Today policy makers are trying to figure out ways to collaborate successfully across sector boundaries for better and effective service delivery, both in the mundane operational tasks and in uncertain and complex situations such as disasters and catastrophic events. Thus, this research helps in expanding the literature on collaborative public management, collaborative emergency management, and network management. Also the frequency of natural disasters throughout the world demonstrate the need to study and examine factors that contribute to or hinder the effectiveness of inter-organizational response in disasters.
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Health and Public Affairs
Public Affairs; Public Administration Track

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Oliveira, Silva Victor Hugo de. "Essays in empirical health economics." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/35538.

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Nilsson, Mikael. "The Hidden Victims of Disasters : Avoiding Stress-Related Disorders among Swedish Relief Workers through Preparedness." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-18482.

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Since September 11, 2001, the focus on health among relief workers has become an important issue. The focus on mental health has caught the attention of researchers and as a fairly new research area, there are still many issues that need to be answered. This study evaluates the preparation of relief workers in two Swedish organizations (Swedish Civil Contingency Agency and Swedish Red Cross) by investigating how these preparations contribute in avoiding stress-related disorders among relief workers. The organizations were evaluated by comparing data of preparations, collected from interviews and documents, with a criteria mostly based on Walsh (2009) and scholars from the Antares Foundation Guidelines (2012). Compared to the criteria the organizations' strengths are found in information of the operation with the score 9 out of 10 (which is the fulfillment of the criteria). SRC's weakness is the education of relief workers with the score 6 out of 10. MSB is relatively strong in that category, but weaker in requirements for employment with 2 out of 4 points. However, these weaknesses must not obscure the overall good results for both MSB and SRC. This study establishes that the preparation of relief workers, in two of the most important relief organizations in Sweden, is good. However, further research is necessary to facilitate the creation of generally recognized guidelines for how to prepare relief workers.

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Fairley, Anna-Meagan. "And then comes pestilence : historical geography and epidemiology of infectious diseases after natural disasters." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/50870/.

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This thesis examines the dynamic of infectious diseases after natural disasters. Methods from epidemiology and geography intersect in the nexus of this research to form new insights into the risk of infectious disease in the aftermath of natural disaster and catastrophe. In the past decades, natural disasters have increased in frequency and magnitude, and with climate change progressing as it is, this trend is expected to continue. It is thus important to gain a fuller understanding of the dynamic between natural disaster and disease, and challenge the persisting problems in disaster and disease response efforts. Two approaches were taken to determine the risk of disease after disaster. Firstly, by pooling data from previously published literature, a form of meta-analysis was conducted to gain insight into risk patterns as well as to define relevant confounding factors that held significance in determining vulnerabilities of affected populations. For this analysis, a new tool was applied to identify relevant research, and this tool is expected to be useful in future study of the subject. Secondly, a set of empirical studies were conducted to determine the association between types of natural disasters, geographic region, and four distinct disease profiles. Cholera, malaria, tuberculosis, and the co-infection with HIV and tuberculosis served as examples for the types of diseases commonly observed after disasters (diarrhoeal diseases, vector-borne diseases, and acute respiratory infections). Logistic regression models were used to find the odds ratios for above average diseases at different tiers of disaster magnitude. It was shown in this research that the relative risk of infectious disease after natural disasters was 3.45, indicating a higher probability of disease after disasters. Specific results show that disasters affecting higher numbers of the population typically lead to increases in new infections. Most interestingly, tuberculosis relapses showed significant increases after natural disasters, especially meteorological and hydrological disasters.

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Monzon, Alana A. "The Benefit of Autonomy Promotion in Pediatric Disaster Research." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1595542961623562.

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Schechter, Shelly Office of Emergency Preparedness Nassau County Department of Health author (civilian). "Medical reserve corps volunteers' ability and willingness to report to work for the Department of Health during catastrophic disasters." Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion.exe/07Mar%5FSchechter.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Homeland Security and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2007.
Thesis Advisor(s): Robert Bach. "March 2007." Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-69). Also available in print.

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Schechter, Shelly. "Medical reserve corps volunteers' ability and willingness to report to work for the Department of Health during catastrophic disasters." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/3667.

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CHDS State/Local
Local public health systems must have the capacity to meet the surge requirements of a health emergency that requires an extraordinary increase in activity including the rapid prophylaxis of an effected community. According to recent studies of paid healthcare professionals, approximately forty percent may be unable or unwilling to report to work during catastrophic disasters, but these questions have not yet been asked in the volunteer community. The Medical Reserve Corps (MRC) is a group of medical volunteers with a primary mission of support to the public health system during periods of surge. This thesis surveyed the members of a county health department MRC to determine their ability and willingness to volunteer in a public health emergency. The survey also elicited information on barriers and enablers to response and perceptions of community preparedness. Both significant differences in the responses of paid versus volunteer health professionals regarding their ability and willingness and striking similarities in their responses regarding barriers and enablers to report to work were identified. Volunteer motivation, cognitive dissonance and the nature of self selected volunteers are examined as they relate to these findings and strategies to strengthen the ability and willingness of MRC units to respond with the public health system are suggested.

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Cruz, Miguel A. "A State and Territorial Survey Regarding Utilization of Environmental Health Shelter Assessments during Disasters, and a Secondary Analysis of Available Shelter Assessment Data." FIU Digital Commons, 2014. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1738.

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Disasters are complex events characterized by damage to key infrastructure and population displacements into disaster shelters. Assessing the living environment in shelters during disasters is a crucial health security concern. Until now, jurisdictional knowledge and preparedness on those assessment methods, or deficiencies found in shelters is limited. A cross-sectional survey (STUSA survey) ascertained knowledge and preparedness for those assessments in all 50 states, DC, and 5 US territories. Descriptive analysis of overall knowledge and preparedness was performed. Fisher’s exact statistics analyzed differences between two groups: jurisdiction type and population size. Two logistic regression models analyzed earthquakes and hurricane risks as predictors of knowledge and preparedness. A convenience sample of state shelter assessments records (n=116) was analyzed to describe environmental health deficiencies found during selected events. Overall, 55 (98%) of jurisdictions responded (states and territories) and appeared to be knowledgeable of these assessments (states 92%, territories 100%, p = 1.000), and engaged in disaster planning with shelter partners (states 96%, territories 83%, p = 0.564). Few had shelter assessment procedures (states 53%, territories 50%, p = 1.000); or training in disaster shelter assessments (states 41%, 60% territories, p = 0.638). Knowledge or preparedness was not predicted by disaster risks, population size, and jurisdiction type in neither model. Knowledge: hurricane (Adjusted OR 0.69, 95% C.I. 0.06-7.88); earthquake (OR 0.82, 95% C.I. 0.17-4.06); and both risks (OR 1.44, 95% C.I. 0.24-8.63); preparedness model: hurricane (OR 1.91, 95% C.I. 0.06-20.69); earthquake (OR 0.47, 95% C.I. 0.7-3.17); and both risks (OR 0.50, 95% C.I. 0.06-3.94). Environmental health deficiencies documented in shelter assessments occurred mostly in: sanitation (30%); facility (17%); food (15%); and sleeping areas (12%); and during ice storms and tornadoes. More research is needed in the area of environmental health assessments of disaster shelters, particularly, in those areas that may provide better insight into the living environment of all shelter occupants and potential effects in disaster morbidity and mortality. Also, to evaluate the effectiveness and usefulness of these assessments methods and the data available on environmental health deficiencies in risk management to protect those at greater risk in shelter facilities during disasters.

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Bergh, Johannesson Kerstin. "Traumatic Exposure, Bereavement and Recovery among Survivors and Close Relatives after Disasters." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-120200.

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Karlsson, Jamous Christoffer. "Shaken by the stress : Does in-uterus earthquake exposure cause long-term disadvantages for the fetus?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-415152.

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This study investigates whether in-uterus earthquake exposure causes long-term labor, human capital, and health effects. The health shock is maternal stress, which generates excessive concentration levels of cortisol in the fetal environment, negatively impacting the development of the fetus. I use multiple earthquakes between the years 1960-1980 in the setting of Colombia. In my definition of earthquake exposure, I consider both the intensity and the extent of the shaking. Difference-in-difference estimates show mixed results. I find a higher likelihood of being disabled when exposed during the first trimester and the favorable effect of more years of schooling when exposed during the final trimester. Separating the analysis by gender indicates that the effect on disability is centered around males, while results indicating favorable effects are found among females. Generally, exposure from high intensity shaking generates larger point estimates. The results are sensitive to the exclusion of specific earthquakes. In addition, when including those exposed to shaking that were either not felt or weak into the treatment group, some estimates indicate a long-term impact from such exposure. Based on these inconsistencies I am not able to make any general or causal claims.

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Southard, Nicole. "The Socio-Political and Economic Causes of Natural Disasters." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1720.

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To effectively prevent and mitigate the outbreak of natural disasters is a more pressing issue in the twenty-first century than ever before. The frequency and cost of natural disasters is rising globally, most especially in developing countries where the most severe effects of climate change are felt. However, while climate change is indeed a strong force impacting the severity of contemporary catastrophes, it is not directly responsible for the exorbitant cost of the damage and suffering incurred from natural disasters -- both financially and in terms of human life. Rather, the true root causes of natural disasters lie within the power systems at play in any given society when these regions come into contact with a hazard event. Historic processes of isolation, oppression, and exploitation, combined with contemporary international power systems, interact in complex ways to affect different socioeconomic classes distinctly. The result is to create vulnerability and scarcity among the most defenseless communities. These processes affect a society’s ideological orientation and their cultural norms, empowering some while isolating others. When the resulting dynamic socio-political pressures and root causes come into contact with a natural hazard, a disaster is likely to follow due to the high vulnerability of certain groups and their inability to adapt as conditions change. In this light, the following discussion exposes the anthropogenic roots of natural disasters by conducting a detailed case analysis of natural disasters in Haiti, Ethiopia, and Nepal.

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Ulmer, Deborah. "The Experience of Volunteering for Hurricane Katrina Relief / Theoretical Explanations for Nurses’ Involvement as Volunteers in Global Disasters." VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1594.

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This study is about the nature of nurses' decision making related to volunteering to provide humanitarian aid in a major national disaster. Additionally, it is about the lived experience of nurses who volunteered in that disaster. It is a transcendental phenomenological study using the approach of Clarke Moustakas and the purpose of the study was to describe the experiences of the nurses, their reasons for volunteering, and the impact of their experience on their lives several years later.

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Gichomo, Gladys N. "Improving Disaster Preparedness and Planning for Chronic Disease Populations." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7648.

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The significant rise of both chronic diseases and disasters in the last 20 years and the healthcare outcomes of individuals with chronic diseases during and in the aftermath of disasters have raised concerns among public health practitioners, healthcare providers, the U.S government, and the general public. Researchers have indicated that during disasters, the health outcomes of individuals with chronic diseases are significantly unfavorable compared to the general public. However, there is inadequate information on the management of chronic diseases, quality of care, and resource identification and allocation by disaster responders. This qualitative, grounded theory study, explored how the study participants addressed chronic disease needs during and after disasters. A total of 15 adult disaster relief responders who had been involved in disaster planning, response, or care management of individuals with chronic diseases, were recruited through snowballing, public/bulleting postings, and social media. Using the ecological model of disaster management allowed the identification of individual and societal influences that hinder disaster preparedness and chronic disease management. Data collection consisted of semistructured in-depth open-ended interview questions, allowing participants to share their lived experiences. Data were analyzed through open, axial, and selective coding and managed using the Atlas ti8 software. The findings supported the ecological model of disaster management and strategies such as the use of special needs shelters during impending disasters. Such strategies could enhance disaster preparedness and planning efforts and potentially improve health outcomes during and after disasters.

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Harada, Nahoko. "Physical and Psychological Impacts of the Great East Japan Earthquake Disaster on Japanese Residents in the United States and Japan: A Comparative Study." Thesis, Boston College, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:104363.

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Thesis advisor: Ann W. Burgess
Background: On March 11, 2011, a 9.0-magnitude earthquake hit the islands of Japan. Subsequent tsunami waves occurred as high as 40 meters above sea level and severely destroyed the nuclear plant in Fukushima. While it is known that both natural and manmade disasters impose physical and psychological distress on affected people, the impact on people's health of indirect exposure to a traumatic event has remained to be determined. This study investigates somatic and psychological stress reactions among residents in the United States and Japan to the Great East Japan Earthquake Disaster from comparative perspectives. Study design: A secondary analysis of data obtained from the mother study which examined media use and health impact among those living in the United States and Japan at the time of the disaster. Results: Two groups of participants, Japanese Americans (n=297) and Japanese (n=1142), were analyzed. Japanese Americans reported higher psychological and somatic symptoms than their counterpart in Japan. Among Japanese Americans, income, the severity of somatic symptoms, and help seeking behavior predicted 38.2% of the variance in psychological symptoms. Among Japanese, age, income, help seeking behavior, and severity of somatic symptoms predicted 31.9% of the variance in psychological symptoms related to the 311 disaster. Conclusions: It is evident that indirect exposure to a traumatic event occurring in a distant place has significant adverse effects on people's physical and mental health. Therefore, clinical nurses and health care providers, especially in primary care settings, need to acknowledge the importance of screening for psychological distress among ethnic groups when a natural or man-made disaster occurs in their country of origin. Nurses can promote mental health by responding to stress related responses associated with disasters for those both directly and indirectly impacted
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2015
Submitted to: Boston College. Connell School of Nursing
Discipline: Nursing

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Ellers, Kevin L. Rikli Nancy Wright H. Norman. "A study to determine the effect of an intensive crisis response training program to train participants to provide emotional and spiritual care in disasters." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2008. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p090-0366.

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Thesis (D. Min.)--Denver Seminary, 2008.
Includes text of Critical incident stress management (CISM): grief following trauma, 1st ed., by Kevin L. Ellers, Nancy Rikli and H. Norman Wright, c2006. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 385-389, 402-431).

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Oliveira, Dafne Rosane. "Crianças em situações de riscos e desastres: atenção psicossocial, Saúde mental e direitos humanos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47131/tde-04092018-103504/.

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A ocorrência de diversos tipos de desastres nas últimas décadas tem aumentado a concentração de estudos e pesquisas sobre a atuação profissional no gerenciamento de riscos e na gestão de emergências e desastres. O efeito de um desastre é proporcional à vulnerabilidade tanto do ambiente atingido (que compreende a parte física e humana), quanto da capacidade e recursos do local, dos afetados e das equipes de apoio. De acordo com a Política de Proteção e Defesa Civil, as ações são divididas em cinco etapas: prevenção, mitigação, preparação, resposta e reconstrução. A atuação da Psicologia, nestas situações, pode ser implementada em todas as fases e, embora constitua uma área relativamente recente dentro da Psicologia, a criação de órgãos e eventos no Brasil, bem como a busca por intervenções eficazes fizeram crescer o apelo para seu crescimento. Uma das demandas está ligada às possibilidades de violações de direitos de crianças e adolescentes, tais como violência sexual, negligência, trabalho infantil, práticas de ato infracional e uso de drogas. Existem documentos institucionais e referências científicas que abordam essa temática, ressaltando a importância da Atenção Psicossocial, a qual deve ser oferecida aos afetados, principalmente a populações vulneráveis, como crianças, adolescentes, pessoas com deficiência e idosos. O presente trabalho se constituiu em estudo exploratório, descritivo e explicativo, com uma metodologia etnográfica e qualitativa. O objetivo foi investigar as percepções e perspectivas de profissionais, crianças e responsáveis, sobre os cuidados oferecidos às crianças que vivem em áreas de risco para desastres, especialmente inundações, em um bairro na zona leste da cidade de São Paulo. Foram analisados documentos de referência e a literatura científica sobre crianças em situações de riscos e desastres. Por meio de entrevistas e grupos focais, foi verificada a percepção de crianças afetadas, responsáveis, e profissionais envolvidos no apoio a desastres. Destaca-se que o oferecimento da Atenção Psicossocial, somada aos cuidados em Saúde Mental e a proteção e garantia de Direitos Humanos, constitui cenário providencial para o bem-estar infantil e pleno desenvolvimento físico, cognitivo, social, espiritual e emocional de crianças no contexto de riscos e desastres
The occurrence of several types of disasters in the last decades has increased the concentration of studies and research about the professional performance in the management of risks as well as emergencies and disasters. The effect of a disaster is proportional to the vulnerability either of the affected environment (which includes the physical and human aspects) or the capacity and resources of the place, the affected individuals and the support teams. According to the Protection and Civil Defense Policy, the actions are divided into five stages: prevention, mitigation, preparation, response and reconstruction. The Psychology´s operation in these situations can be implemented in all phases, and although it constitutes a relatively recent area within this field, the creation of organs and events in Brazil and the search for effective interventions have increased the appeal for its growth. One of the demands is linked to the possibilities of children and adolescents´ rights violentions, such as sexual violence, neglect, child labor, practices of infraction and drugs use. There are institutional documents and scientific references that address this issue and raise the importance of the psychosocial support that should be offered to those affected, especially vulnerable populations such as children, adolescents, people with disabilities and the old-aged. The present work constitutes an exploratory, descriptive and explanatory study, with an ethnographic and qualitative methodology. The goal was to investigate the perceptions and perspectives of professionals, children and parents about the care offered to children living in areas at risk of disasters, especially floods, in a neighborhood in the east end of São Paulo city. Reference documents and the scientific literature on children in risks and disasters situation were analyzed. The perception about disasters support were investigated by means of interviews and focus groups. It is noteworthy that the provision of psychosocial support, with care of mental health, plus protection and guarantee of human rights, is a providential scenario for children\'s well-being and complete physical, cognitive, social, spiritual and emotional development of children in the context of risks and disasters

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Allender, Margaret. "Media social responsibility and risk communication : a critical analysis of newspaper headlines of the SARS outbreak." Scholarly Commons, 2005. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/628.

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This study analyzed headlines in three influential newspapers to assess how those publications exercised media social responsibility in reporting the outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). The situation posed the common media paradox where inherent news values encourage dramatic reports and escalation of conflict that, in tum, are criticized as irresponsible. The particular circumstances surrounding the SARS outbreak presented an opportunity for media social responsibility through public education and conveying perspective about risk from the disease. This study developed an analytical framework to evaluate the extent of fearful language, style of communication about risk of the disease, use of source material, and prevalence of journalistic normative behaviors. The analysis indicates that personal fear responses of journalists may influence the use of frightening language in news headlines. The study found that in early stages of reporting about the disease, journalists relied on overtly fearful language with little analysis or situational context. As the story became more familiar, even though the factual circumstances did not change, headlines revealed more efforts to communicate productively about risk and less use of explicit fearful terminology. However, most of the headlines demonstrated reliance on traditional news-gathering behaviors emphasizing conflict, controversy and human interest, rather than analysis and interpretation. Political controversy stemming from concerns about disease management by the Chinese government often prevailed over headlines representing socially responsible information about health protection or risk perspective. This study affirms the importance of media in public education during health crises. It also suggests journalists would benefit from better understanding risk communication principles and the influence of personal fear responses on their reporting. Additionally, the study demonstrates that the concept of media social responsibility deserves to be reconsidered in contemporary terms, to better guide both journalists and those charged with developing communication strategies during such circumstances.

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Louw, E. J. M. "Climate change in the Western Cape : a disaster risk assessment of the impact on human health." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1158.

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Thesis (DPhil (Geography and Environmental Studies))—University of Stellenbosch, 2007.
Background The Disaster Management Act (Act 57 of 2002) instructs a paradigm shift from preparedness, response and recovery towards risk reduction. In order to plan for and mitigate risks, all spheres of government must firstly assess their hazards, vulnerabilities, capacity to cope and therefore risks. Studies in this regard, in South Africa, have however only focussed on current risks. Climate Change has now been accepted by leading international studies as a reality. Climate change can impact upon many aspects of life on earth. Studies to quantify the impact of climate change on water resources, biodiversity, agriculture and sustainable development are steadily increasing, but human health seem to have been neglected. Only general predictions, mostly regarding vector-borne disease and injury related to natural disasters are found in literature. Studies in South Africa have only focussed on malaria distribution. Most studies, internationally and the few in South Africa, were based on determining empirical relationships between weather parameters and disease incidence, therefore assessing only the hazard, and not the disaster risk. Methodology This study examines the impact of climate change on human health in the Western Cape, within the context of disaster management. A qualitative approach is followed and includes: · A literature overview examining predicted changes in climate on a global and regional scale, · A discussion on the known relationships and possible impacts climate change might have on human health, · A disaster risk assessment based on the status quo for a case study area, the Cape Winelands District Municipality, · An investigation into the future risks in terms of health, taking into account vulnerabilities and secondary impacts of climate change, resulting in the prioritisation of future risks. · Suggestions towards mitigation within the South African context. Results The secondary impacts of climate change were found to have the larger qualitative impact. The impact of climate change on agriculture, supporting 38% of the population can potentially destroy the livelihoods of the workforce, resulting in poverty-related disease. Other impacts identified were injuries and disease relating to temperature, floods, fire and water quality. Conclusion Risk is a function of hazard, vulnerability and capacity to cope. The impact of an external factor on a ‘spatial system’ should be a function of the impacts on all these factors. Disasters are not increasing because of the increase in the frequency of hazards, but because of the increasing vulnerability to hazards. This study illustrated that the major impacts of the external factor could actually be on the vulnerabilities and the indirect impacts, and not on the hazard itself. Climate change poses a threat to many aspects of the causative links that should be addressed by disaster management, and its impacts should be researched further to determine links and vulnerabilities. This research also illustrates that slow onset disasters hold the potential to destroy just as much as extreme events such as Katrina, Rita or a tsunami. It also reiterates that secondary impacts may not be as obvious, but are certainly not of secondary importance.

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De, La Cruz Oller Joel. "Treatment Plans for Diabetes Management During Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico." ScholarWorks, 2020. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7629.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the health outcomes of diabetic patients in Puerto Rico, before, during, and after Hurricane Maria, in 2017. The Department of Health in Puerto Rico provided the secondary data for the variables low-density lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol, hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), mortality, and consumer price index (CPI). The inclusion criteria were participants for whom electronic data were available before, during, and after Hurricane Maria; the sample size was 450. The theoretical framework for this investigation was the health outcomes and impact assessment. The data were analyzed by univariate and analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare means and normality test analysis. Results of this study revealed that before Hurricane Maria, diabetics in Puerto Rico did not have control of their health. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) guideline for Hgb AIC is < 7.0; prior to Hurricane Maria Hgb AIC was 7.30 and after it was 7.21. The ADA LDL goal is

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Favero, Eveline. "O impacto psicossocial das secas em agricultores familiares do Rio Grande do Sul : um estudo na perspectiva da psicologia dos desastres." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/55063.

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O trabalho investigou, através de dois estudos, a seca e suas implicações psicossociais para as famílias de agricultores da região Noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. No estudo qualitativo, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas tendo participado sete agricultores de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 33-51 anos (M=42; DP=5,22). O objetivo foi verificar como a perda de recursos desencadeada pelas secas exerce influência sobre o bem-estar familiar. Constatou-se que as secas afetam recursos de sobrevivência familiar e causam implicações psicológicas para esta população, como insegurança quanto ao futuro, desânimo e tristeza. Os participantes utilizam estratégias de coping a partir do uso de recursos pessoais e do apoio social disponível no cotidiano de vida, sendo prevalente o uso do coping ativo. Políticas públicas em caráter permanente poderiam contribuir para reduzir o tempo de exposição ao estresse decorrente do desastre e, consequentemente, melhorar níveis de saúde e bem-estar nesta população. No segundo estudo, participaram 198 agricultores, com idade entre 18 e 77 anos (M=44,38; DP=10,04), sendo 104 (52,5%) homens e 88 (44,4%) mulheres. O objetivo foi avaliar a relação entre o grau de impacto da seca na família e as variáveis crenças básicas, apoio social, saúde geral e percepção do desastre. Os participantes responderam a um questionário composto por itens relacionados aos impactos psicossociais das secas e percepção do desastre, além das escalas World Assumptions Scale (WAS), Social Support Appraisals (SSA) e o Questionário de Saúde Geral (QSG-12). Os grupos de alto e médio impacto da seca apresentaram percepção mais negativa do desastre em relação ao grupo de baixo impacto, no que se refere às suas consequências no bem-estar, além de perceberem-se mais responsáveis pelos seus impactos. Além disso, esses grupos apresentaram menores médias nas crenças de justiça, controlabilidade e aleatoriedade dos acontecimentos. Em relação ao apoio social, o grupo com alto impacto do desastre percebe-se mais apoiado pelos grupos primários (família, amigos, vizinhos, comunidade), enquanto que o grupo de baixo impacto percebe-se mais apoiado pelos grupos secundários (governo, técnicos, grupos religiosos). Constatou-se ainda, menor percepção de saúde no grupo de alto impacto da seca, nas dimensões depressão, autoeficácia e autoestima. O trabalho contribui para a compreensão da relação entre seca e bem-estar nos agricultores, bem como, com discussões no âmbito da psicologia dos desastres no contexto brasileiro.
This work investigated, through two studies, the drought and its psychosocial implications for families of farmers in the northwest region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. In the qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven participating farmers of both sexes, aged 33-51 years (M = 42, SD = 5.22). The goal was to understand how the loss of resources triggered by droughts influences family well-being. It was found that droughts affect family survival resources and has psychological implications for this population, such as uncertainty about the future, hopelessness and sadness. The use of active coping through personal resources and informal social support is prevalent. Public policies could help to reduce the time of exposure to stress caused by the disaster, and consequently, improve the levels of health and well-being in this population. In the second study, 198 farmers participated, aged 18-77 years (M = 44.38, SD = 10.04); 104 (52.5%) men and 88 (44.4%) women. The objective was to evaluate the relationship between the degree of impact of drought upon the family and the variables of world assumptions, social support, general health and perception of the disaster. The participants answered a questionnaire (beyond the World Assumptions Scale (WAS), Social Support Appraisals (SSA) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) instruments) comprised of items related to the psychosocial impacts of droughts and the perception of the disaster. The groups of high and medium impact had more negative perceptions of the disaster, with regard to its consequences on well-being, than had the low impact group. They also perceived themselves as more accountable for it. Moreover, these groups had lower mean belief in justice, controllability and randomness of events. Regarding social support, those in the high- and medium-impact groups perceived themselves to be more supported by the primary groups (family, friends, neighbors, community); while those in the low-impact group perceived themselves to be more supported by secondary groups (government, agricultural technicians, religious groups). Additionally, there existed a decreased perception of health in the high-impact group, related to the following dimensions: Depression, self-efficacy and self-esteem. The work contributes to the understanding of the relationship between drought and well-being among farmers; as well as to discussions within the psychology of disasters in the Brazilian context.

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Cabat, Melissa. "Interrogating The "And": A Study of Environmentalism and Disability." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1502030946268842.

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Calvo, Élodie. "Accidents de masse et responsabilité pénale." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0323/document.

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Les dommages de masse regroupent de nombreuses situations comme les accidents technologiques, les crises sanitaires ou encore les catastrophes environnementales. Bien qu'elles tendent à se multiplier, ces situations peinent à être prises en compte par le droit pénal actuel. Le but de cette thèse est de rechercher dans quelle mesure le droit pénal peut sanctionner les responsables de tels dommages, quels sont les obstacles à cette prise en compte et comment y pallier. Des questions telles que les difficultés liées à la certitude causale, à la prise en compte de l'ampleur des atteintes portées au corps social ou encore à l'intégration du principe de précaution en droit pénal y sont donc étudiées
In times of consumerism and mass production, news has provided us examples of technological, sanitary and environmental disasters which have required criminal law. Nevertheless, criminal law doesn’t seem to be perfectly adapted to the reality of mass accidents.In one hand, it appears that the resultant of mass accidents is an assault to a group of people, goods and environmental elements affected by one single harmful event. However, considering that one of the criminal law principles is the indifference to the number of victims, the massive aspect of the mass accident is not taken into account as a resultant of the offence. Thus, these accidents can only be punished by the means of general offences. However, due to the difficulty of establishing the causal link, those offences are not easy to identify. Indeed, such damages are often caused by multiple factors, which leads us to another question about the causal sequence of events and about the certainty of each cause.In the other hand, about repression, mass accidents are often caused by legal entities, which leads us to another difficult question: the criminal liability of societies and enterprises. In the same way, mass accidents are often the resultant of private or public-decisions-makers’ actions or omissions; their link to the offence can follow various rules. The punishment for those massive accidents, especially for the environmental ones, is also a difficult question; therefore, it is necessary to adapt criminal sentences to the specificities of those situations. Eventually, the main question remains the one about the evolution of criminal law, that needs to take into account the collective dimension of massive accidents, notably by creating specifics offences

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Medeiros, Graziella Ferrari de 1976. "Sequestros de bancários e seus impactos psicossociais na saúde do trabalhador." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/313071.

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Orientador: Sergio Roberto de Lucca
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: Esse estudo busca compreender um tipo de violência específica que atinge um número cada vez maior de bancários, que é o sequestro de funcionários e seus familiares para retirar o dinheiro diretamente dos cofres dos Bancos Financeiros. O trabalhador vitima do sequestro apresenta transtornos mentais graves após a ocorrência desse tipo de violência comprometendo seu desempenho profissional e psicossocial. Cabe ressaltar que o cenário atual do setor bancário apresenta uma organização precária devido ao intenso processo de reestruturação do trabalho, intensificado a partir dos anos 90, com objetivo de adaptação ao mercado financeiro altamente competitivo, impactando diretamente na saúde ocupacional dessa população. Os principais Transtornos Mentais e Comportamentais verificados nos afastamentos de bancários segundo as estatísticas da Previdência Social são: depressão, transtorno de adaptação e transtorno de estresse pós-traumático (TEPT). O desenvolvimento dessa pesquisa se deu a partir de entrevistas em profundidade com quatro bancários vítimas de sequestro e foram compreendidas a partir do referencial metodológico da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados obtidos demonstram o impacto psicossocial negativo do sequestro na vida das vitimas agravadas pelo inadequado manejo destas ocorrências contribuindo para as manifestações de transtornos psíquicos após o evento traumático. Com esse estudo, espera-se contribuir para o desenvolvimento de intervenções nas práticas organizacionais, na preservação da segurança e saúde dos trabalhadores bancários. A gravidade desse tipo de violência ao trabalhador deve também receber maior atenção da Saúde e Segurança Pública
Abstract: This study looks for a specific type of violence affecting an increasing number of employees of banks, which is the kidnapping of employees and their families to withdraw money directly from the vaults of the banks. The victim of the kidnapping, if the bank employee, has severe mental disorders after the occurrence of such violence, jeopardizing their professional and psychosocial performance. It is noteworthy that scenario it's banking sector is precarious in Brazil, due to the intense process of restructuring work, intensified since the 90s , in order to adapt to the highly competitive financial market, impacting directly on the occupational health of this population . Major mental and behavioral disorders seen in this type of occupation, leading to absenteeism, are according to statistics of Brazilian Social Welfare: depression, adjustment disorder and disorder post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The development of this research takes place from interviews with four bank officials who were kidnapped. These interviews are then understood from the methodological framework of content analysis, and the results obtained may contribute to the triggering of interventions on organizational practices in preserving the health and safety of bank employees. The severity of this type of violence to workers should also receive greater attention from the Health and Public Safety in Brazil
Mestrado
Epidemiologia
Mestra em Saúde Coletiva

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Bruno, Bruna Salgueiro. "Educação permanente como dispositivo para enfrentamento dos desastres naturais: uma experiência na Região Serrana do Rio de Janeiro." Universidade Federal Fluminense, 2014. https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/3034.

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Mestrado Profissional em Ensino na Saúde
O enfrentamento dos desastres naturais pelas equipes da Estratégia de Saúde da Família é o objeto deste estudo. Três questões nortearam o estudo: de que forma a Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS) pode ser utilizada pelas equipes de saúde da família para pensarem o processo de trabalho a fim de proporem estratégias de enfrentamento em situações de desastre natural; como sensibilizar e mobilizar as equipes de saúde da família a proporem formas de enfrentamento dos desastres naturais através da EPS; e quais estratégias metodológicas permitem compreender de que forma as equipes de saúde da família podem enfrentar esses eventos. O estudo teve como objetivo geral utilizar a potência do espaço de EPS, através de uma oficina de fotos, para conhecer de que forma os membros das equipes de saúde da família enfrentam os desastres naturais; e como objetivo específico, analisar a influência da EPS como dispositivo na construção de estratégias de enfrentamento dos desastres naturais pelas equipes de saúde da família. Após aprovação pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa do Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro e autorização da secretaria de saúde do município de Teresópolis – RJ, foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo com abordagem qualitativa do tipo pesquisa-ação. Também foram adotados recursos metodológicos preconizados pela Clínica da Atividade e a perspectiva da intervenção fotográfica. Os dados foram coletados a partir de duas oficinas de fotos, sendo utilizada também a observação participante durante todas as etapas da pesquisa. Os participantes foram os profissionais integrantes de duas equipes de saúde da família que atuaram em épocas distintas na mesma Unidade localizada em Vargem Grande, área rural do município de Teresópolis-RJ, a qual sofreu inundações no ano de 2012. Com o desenvolvimento das oficinas de fotos, e com o constante e intenso movimento da EPS, as propostas para o enfrentamento dos desastres naturais foram surgindo, ficando agrupadas em quatro subcategorias determinadas pelo estudo: a) a necessidade de parcerias com diversos serviços e setores, incluindo a comunidade, para que seja feito um planejamento; b) a adoção de medidas preventivas; c) a necessidade de liderança, tanto para organizar as funções da equipe de saúde, quanto para orientar a comunidade e d) recursos teóricos e técnicos para os profissionais, a fim de torná-los mais preparados para a ação. Muitas dificuldades, empecilhos e entraves para este enfrentamento foram apontados e algumas facilidades citadas. A EPS neste estudo demonstrou grande potência e influência como dispositivo indutor da construção de estratégias de enfrentamento dos desastres naturais, pois instigou, permitiu e facilitou a expressão dos sujeitos, fazendo com que os mesmos refletissem sobre as próprias práticas e propusessem novas formas de trabalho indo ao encontro com as premissas e objetivos da PNEPS. O recurso metodológico da oficina de fotos permitiu potencializar o propósito da EPS desencadeando mecanismos para a produção de subjetividades, autoanálise, autogestão, implicação, pensamento e afetividade – experimentação. Mais do que os resultados deste estudo, esses espaços foram capazes de devolver, reacender, ou fazer surgir, o poder de agir desses trabalhadores que se viam como excluídos de uma situação ao qual estão completamente imersos e implicados
The confrontation of natural disasters by the Family’s Health Strategy team is the purpose of this study. Three questions guided the study: in which way can the Permanent Health Education (PHE) be utilized by the family’s health team to think about the labour process in order to propose strategies of confrontation in natural disasters situations; how to sensitize and mobilize the family’s health teams to propose ways of confrontation of the natural disasters through the PHE; and which methodological strategies allow us to understand how the family’s health team may be able to face these events. The study’s general goal was to utilize the power of space of PHE, by a photographs workshop, aiming to understand how the family’s health team members face the natural disasters; and as its main goal, analyze the influence of PHE as a device used in the construction of strategies of confrontation against natural disasters by the family’s health teams. After the approval of the Committee of Ethics and Research of the Antônio Pedro University Hospital and the authorization of the department of health of Teresópolis municipality – RJ, a field work with a qualitative approach of Research-Action type was made. Methodological resources were also utilized, which are recommended by the Clinic of Activity and the photographic intervention perspective. The data were collected in two photograph workshops, also the participant observation was utilized during all the stages of the research. The participants were the professional who integrate two family’s health team and acted in different times in the Unity located in Vargem Grande, rural area of the Teresópolis municipality – RJ, which suffered floods in the year of 2012. With the development of the photograph workshops, besides the constant and intense PHE movement, the proposals for the confrontation of natural disasters started to arise, being assorted in four subcategories determined by the study: a) the necessity of partnerships with several services and sectors, including the community, in order to make a planning; b) the adoption of preventive measures; c) the necessity of leadership, to organize the functions of the health team, as well as orientate the community and d) theoretical and technical resources for the professionals, in order to make them more prepared for the action. Many difficulties, obstacles and hindrances for this confrontation have been pointed and some eases have been refered to. The PHE in this study showed great power and influence as an inducing device for the construction of confrontation strategies against the natural disasters, because it incited, allowed and made easier the expression of the subjects, making them able to reflect about their own practices and to propose new ways of working that follow the premises and goals of the PNEPS. The methodological resource of the photograph workshop made possible to empower the purpose of PHE, unleashing mechanisms for the production of subjectivities, auto analysis, auto suggestion, implication, thought and affection – experimentation. More than just the results of this study, these workshops were able to develop, relight, or make arise the power of action of these workers who saw themselves as being ruled out of a situation in which they are completely immersed and implied

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Petäjävaara, Ida. "Sustainability and Health in Disaster Waste Management." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-20231.

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In order to see if, and how, future aid efforts can be improved and better contribute to a more sustainable and resilient society this essay is about how management of solid waste generated in emergency situations work and what effects the waste have on public health. This is investigated using information collected from secondary sources and interviews with three persons who have knowledge and experience in the subject. Health and sustainability are of importance in the guidelines that deal with management of waste in disaster situations. However, there are no documentations of real experiences of disaster waste impacts on human health. Even so the waste might contaminate drinking water and increase the amount of disease-carrying vectors in the area. Previous conditions in the country, low priority of waste and information to the public are some of the main features preventing optimal function of a sustainable and healthy waste management.
För att se om och hur framtida biståndsinsatser kan förbättras och i större utsträckning bidra till ett mer hållbart och motståndskraftigt samhälle handlar denna uppsats om hur hanteringen av katastrofavfall fungerar och vilka effekter detta avfall har på människors hälsa. Detta undersöks med hjälp av information som samlats in från sekundärkällor samt intervjuer med tre personer som har kunskap och erfarenhet i ämnet. Hälsa och hållbarhet är av betydelse i de riktlinjer som behandlar hantering av avfall i katastrofsituationer. Trots att inga verkliga erfarenheter av katastrofavfalls effekter på människors hälsa finns dokumenterade kan avfallet förorena dricksvatten och öka mängden smittspridande vektorer i området. Tidigare förhållanden i området, låg prioritet av avfall och dålig information till allmänheten är några av de viktigaste funktionerna som förhindrar optimal funktion av en hållbar och sund avfallshantering.

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Dorn, Tina. "Health impact of the Volendam fire disaster." Utrecht : Maastricht : NIVEL ; University Library, Universiteit Maastricht [host], 2007. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=8674.

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Harper, Sherhonda Yvette. "Public Health Providers' Perceptions of Electronic Health Records in a Disaster." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4634.

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The introduction of federal initiatives and incentives regarding health information technology fostered a movement towards the adoption of electronic health records (EHR). Implementation of EHRs sparked discussions among healthcare providers, patients, and others about the benefits or challenges of the move from the traditional paper method to the electronic version in healthcare settings. A knowledge gap in research involving the usefulness of EHRs and their impact to the delivery of care in other settings exists. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore public health providers' perceptions of the meaningful use of EHRs in a disaster setting. Study participants were public health providers from Louisiana recruited via criterion sampling and snowball sampling. A qualitative, phenomenological design was used to gain understanding of the public health providers' experiences with and perceptions of EHRs in a disaster setting. Data were collected from 7 public health providers using in-depth interviews and reflective journal notes. The data were analyzed for patterns and themes using the hermeneutic circle method. The study findings indicate that individuals want to be involved in designing their system and adjusting workflow in the workplace setting. The majority of participants concluded that EHR systems are beneficial in the disaster setting, but there were no impacts to improving health outcomes. The findings provide policymakers, public health departments, healthcare providers, emergency managers, and communities needed information on the potential impact of EHRs in the disaster setting on improving safe and effective care.

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Weseman, Kathryn Elaine. "Pilot Texas Red Cross Virtual Disaster Health Services Model-Case Study." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4577.

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The Red Cross traditional method of Disaster Health System (DHS) response is ' boots on the ground.' Texas, the 2nd largest state by population and land mass, has only 15 DHS volunteer nurses who were not able to meet the needs of disaster victims in Texas with the traditional response method. The Texas Red Cross DHS volunteer nurses began piloting a virtual DHS model in 2014. The research question was how Texas Red Cross nurses designed, developed, implemented, and evaluated the Texas Red Cross virtual DHS Model. The purpose of this case study was to provide this information in a case study. The research approach followed a single investigator case study design that utilized Roger's diffusion of innovations theory and Lewin's change theory to identify how this virtual pilot was created and implemented in Texas. The processes developed and utilized are provided in detail in this case study. Data maintained by the Texas DHS team from March, 2016 to March, 2017 provided evidence that all 1,724 cases assigned to the DHS team were worked and closed by a Texas DHS volunteer. A qualitative summary of nurses' satisfaction with this model was uniformly positive. This provided support for the use of the virtual model for communication to meet the disaster-related health needs of disaster victims in Texas. The use of a virtual model for disaster management supports positive social change in addressing the disaster-related health needs of disaster victims in Texas and for possible use by other Red Cross DHS stakeholders.

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Silva, Ana Sofia de Jesus. "Catástrofes naturais em saúde pública : impactos e planos de emergência : caso de estudo : São Miguel-Açores." Master's thesis, Universidade Nova de Lisboa. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/6228.

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RESUMO - Nos últimos anos, as catástrofes naturais têm sido a causa frequente de problemas de Saúde Pública; além disso representam um sério obstáculo ao desenvolvimento das comunidades atingidas, na medida em que consomem ponderáveis recursos para a mitigação dos danos sofridos. Pode-se dizer que não existe nenhum país que não esteja exposto ao risco de catástrofes naturais, tais como Sismos, Tsunamis, Erupções Vulcânicas, Movimentos de Vertentes, Ciclones Tropicais, Ondas de Frio e de Calor, Secas e Inundações, e como tal, este é um problema global emergente. Como, actualmente, é impossível prever e controlar a ocorrência destes fenómenos, as acções humanas têm de ser direccionadas para a implementação de soluções que possam mitigar e/ou prevenir o seu impacto na sociedade. A integração do lugar, do espaço e do tempo na Saúde Pública, como componentes de investigação relativas aos problemas da população, são uma ferramenta metodológica importante no auxílio do planeamento, monitorização e avaliação das acções em saúde. O que está em causa neste estudo é o pensar, o preparar e o adaptar os nossos territórios e populações a cenários de crise que podem aparecer sem aviso prévio. Este trabalho é, sobretudo, uma forma de pensar e planear o futuro numa lógica de adaptação e valorização do território, construindo referenciais de suporte à acção. Assim, a finalidade deste estudo é contribuir para melhorar/aperfeiçoar a resposta perante novas situações de catástrofe natural, através da percepção e caracterização de situações anteriores de catástrofes naturais a que a Ilha de São Miguel, nos Açores, esteve sujeita nos últimos vinte e seis anos, através da construção e análise de cartas de localização de risco, caracterização da população em risco e da avaliação dos respectivos Planos de Emergência. ---------------------- ABSTRACT - In the last years, the natural disasters have been the frequent cause of Public Health problems and additionally they represent a serious obstacle to the development of the communities affected, in so far as they consume ponderable resources to the mitigation of the damages. It is possible to be said that there is not any country that is not exposed to the risk of natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, landslides, tropical cyclones, waves of heat and coldness, droughts and floods, and as such, this is an emerging global problem. As it is now impossible to predict and control the occurrence of these phenomena, human actions must be directed to implement solutions that can mitigate and / or prevent their impact on society. The integration of place, space and time on Public Health, as part of research on problems of the population, are an important methodological tool to aid planning, monitoring and evaluation of activities in health. The main issue in this study is to think, prepare and adapt our territories and populations to crisis scenarios that may occur without notice. This work is mainly a way of thinking and planning ahead in a logic of adapting and improving the area, building frameworks to support the action. Thus, the purpose of this study is to contribute to improve / optimize the answer for new natural disaster situations, through the perception and characterization of previous situations of natural catastrophes that the Island of São Miguel, in the Azores, has been subject in the last twenty six years, through the construction and analysis of risk maps, characterization of the population in risk and of the evaluation of the respective Plans of Emergence.

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Gowan, Monica Elizabeth. "Self-Management of Disaster Risk and Uncertainty: The Role of Preventive Health in Building Disaster Resilience." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Health Sciences Centre, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7605.

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One of the great challenges facing human systems today is how to prepare for, manage, and adapt successfully to the profound and rapid changes wreaked by disasters. Wellington, New Zealand, is a capital city at significant risk of devastating earthquake and tsunami, potentially requiring mass evacuations with little or short notice. Subsequent hardship and suffering due to widespread property damage and infrastructure failure could cause large areas of the Wellington Region to become uninhabitable for weeks to months. Previous research has shown that positive health and well-being are associated with disaster-resilient outcomes. Preventing adverse outcomes before disaster strikes, through developing strengths-based skill sets in health-protective attitudes and behaviours, is increasingly advocated in disaster research, practise, and management. This study hypothesised that well-being constructs involving an affective heuristic play vital roles in pathways to resilience as proximal determinants of health-protective behaviours. Specifically, this study examined the importance of health-related quality of life and subjective well-being in motivating evacuation preparedness, measured in a community sample (n=695) drawn from the general adult population of Wellington’s isolated eastern suburbs. Using a quantitative epidemiological approach, the study measured the prevalence of key quality of life indicators (physical and mental health, emotional well-being or “Sense of Coherence”, spiritual well-being, social well-being, and life satisfaction) using validated psychometric scales; analysed the strengths of association between these indicators and the level of evacuation preparedness at categorical and continuous levels of measurement; and tested the predictive power of the model to explain the variance in evacuation preparedness activity. This is the first study known to examine multi-dimensional positive health and global well-being as resilient processes for engaging in evacuation preparedness behaviour. A cross-sectional study design and quantitative survey were used to collect self-report data on the study variables; a postal questionnaire was fielded between November 2008 and March 2009 to a sampling frame developed through multi-stage cluster randomisation. The survey response rate was 28.5%, yielding a margin of error of +/- 3.8% with 95% confidence and 80% statistical power to detect a true correlation coefficient of 0.11 or greater. In addition to the primary study variables, data were collected on demographic and ancillary variables relating to contextual factors in the physical environment (risk perception of physical and personal vulnerability to disaster) and the social environment (through the construct of self-determination), and other measures of disaster preparedness. These data are reserved for future analyses. Results of correlational and regression analyses for the primary study variables show that Wellingtonians are highly individualistic in how their well-being influences their preparedness, and a majority are taking inadequate action to build their resilience to future disaster from earthquake- or tsunami-triggered evacuation. At a population level, the conceptual multi-dimensional model of health-related quality of life and global well-being tested in this study shows a positive association with evacuation preparedness at statistically significant levels. However, it must be emphasised that the strength of this relationship is weak, accounting for only 5-7% of the variability in evacuation preparedness. No single dimension of health-related quality of life or well-being stands out as a strong predictor of preparedness. The strongest associations for preparedness are in a positive direction for spiritual well-being, emotional well-being, and life satisfaction; all involve a sense of existential meaningfulness. Spiritual well-being is the only quality of life variable making a statistically significant unique contribution to explaining the variance observed in the regression models. Physical health status is weakly associated with preparedness in a negative direction at a continuous level of measurement. No association was found at statistically significant levels for mental health status and social well-being. These findings indicate that engaging in evacuation preparedness is a very complex, holistic, yet individualised decision-making process, and likely involves highly subjective considerations for what is personally relevant. Gender is not a factor. Those 18-24 years of age are least likely to prepare and evacuation preparedness increases with age. Multidimensional health and global well-being are important constructs to consider in disaster resilience for both pre-event and post-event timeframes. This work indicates a need for promoting self-management of risk and building resilience by incorporating a sense of personal meaning and importance into preparedness actions, and for future research into further understanding preparedness motivations.

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McIntyre, Jody May. "Federal disaster mental health response and compliance with best practices." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/2290.

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StAmand, Ingrid. "U.S. Public Health Service Nurse Officers Working in Disaster Settings." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6377.

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The National Response Plan (NRP) was developed to provide support during national disasters. The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) Corps is 1 of the 7 uniform services and contributes to the mission of the (NRP). The USPHS Commissioned Corps (CC) Officers may be deployed for national disasters at any time and they must be ready to deploy. The purpose of this phenomenological qualitative study was to explore the lived experiences of USPHS CC Nurse Officers who have deployed in response to disasters in the United States. This study addressed the gap in literature related to the deployment perception of USPHS Nurse Officers and may lead to an increase in deployment readiness. The lifeworld theory was used to guide the study that addressed the question of how nurse officers of the USPHS CC described their clinical nursing experience while deployed. Selection criteria used to recruit the 10 participants included USPHS Nurse Officers in non-clinical billets that have deployed in support of hurricane responses in 2017. In-depth interviews were conducted, and data were organized and analyzed using NVivo analysis software. The themes that emerged from the data included characteristics of nurse officers, clinical preparedness, training needs, challenges, and lessons learned. USPHS Nurse Officers perceived other nurse officers as resourceful, skillful educators, felt comfortable and prepared during the deployment, recommended additional training to benefit future Corps deployments, and identified physical and emotional challenges they experienced. These findings may assist in promoting positive social change within nursing practice of the USPHS Nurse Officers as it may enhance and improve readiness training, and USPHS policies for deployment readiness.

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Chiu, Michelle. "The Effectiveness of Disaster Surge Training for Public Health Nurses." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1275063213.

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Stuart, Marta. "Understanding Depression Following a Disaster." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/157198.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Health disasters'

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