Journal articles: 'Health Education-Risk Reduction'

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Lamorey, Suzanne. "Risk Reduction Education." Remedial and Special Education 31, no. 2 (July 31, 2009): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0741932509338342.

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Johns, David P., and Richard Tinning. "Risk Reduction: Recontexualizing Health As a Physical Education Curriculum." Quest 58, no. 4 (November 2006): 395–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00336297.2006.10491890.

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Glanz, Karen. "Nutrition education for risk factor reduction and patient education: A review." Preventive Medicine 14, no. 6 (November 1985): 721–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0091-7435(85)90069-6.

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Cowell, Susan. "Emerging Risk Factors for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome and Risk Reduction Education." Journal of American College Health 34, no. 5 (April 1986): 216–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07448481.1986.9938938.

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Phillips, Karran A., David H. Epstein, Mustapha Mezghanni, Massoud Vahabzadeh, David Reamer, Daniel Agage, and Kenzie L. Preston. "Smartphone Delivery of Mobile HIV Risk Reduction Education." AIDS Research and Treatment 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/231956.

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We sought to develop and deploy a video-based smartphone-delivered mobile HIV Risk Reduction (mHIVRR) intervention to individuals in an addiction treatment clinic. We developed 3 video modules that consisted of a 10-minute HIVRR video, 11 acceptability questions, and 3 knowledge questions and deployed them as a secondary study within a larger study of ecological momentary and geographical momentary assessments. All 24 individuals who remained in the main study long enough completed the mHIVRR secondary study. All 3 videos met our a priori criteria for acceptability “as is” in the population: they achieved median scores of ≤2.5 on a 5-point Likert scale; ≤20% of the individuals gave them the most negative rating on the scale; a majority of the individuals stated that they would not prefer other formats over video-based smartphone-delivered one (allP<0.05). Additionally, all of our video modules met our a priori criteria for feasibility: ≤20% of data were missing due to participant noncompliance and ≤20% were missing due to technical failure. We concluded that video-based mHIVRR education delivered via smartphone is acceptable, feasible and may increase HIV/STD risk reduction knowledge. Future studies, with pre-intervention assessments of knowledge and random assignment, are needed to confirm these findings.

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M. AHMED ALBERT E. LANGLEY RONALD J, SYED. "Application of health appraisal in education: module on cardiovascular risk reduction." Medical Teacher 20, no. 5 (January 1998): 455–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01421599880571.

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Gilliam, Aisha, Marcia Scott, and Jean Troup. "AIDS Education and Risk Reduction for Homeless Women and Children: Implications for Health Education." Health Education 20, no. 5 (October 1989): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00970050.1989.10622388.

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Williams, Linda Stewart. "AIDS Risk Reduction: A Community Health Education Intervention for Minority High Risk Group Members." Health Education Quarterly 13, no. 4 (December 1986): 407–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109019818601300411.

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Bond, Bobbette A., and Allan Steckler. "Effects of the Federal Risk Reduction Grants on State Health Education Units." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 6, no. 1 (April 1985): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/4yjn-wfju-v3uy-9259.

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Corcoran, Ruth Donnelly, and Barry Portnoy. "Risk Reduction Through Comprehensive Cancer Education: The American Cancer Society Plan for Youth Education." Journal of School Health 59, no. 5 (May 1989): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.1989.tb04702.x.

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Nader, Philip R., James F. Sallis, Ian S. Abramson, Shelia L. Broyles, Thomas L. Patterson, Karen Senn, Joan W. Rupp, and Julie A. Nelson. "Family-based cardiovascular risk reduction education among Mexican and Anglo-Americans." Family & Community Health 15, no. 1 (April 1992): 57–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003727-199204000-00007.

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Gomel, M., B. Oldenburg, J. M. Simpson, and N. Owen. "Work-site cardiovascular risk reduction: a randomized trial of health risk assessment, education, counseling, and incentives." American Journal of Public Health 83, no. 9 (September 1993): 1231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.83.9.1231.

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Durham, Jo, and Mohammed Ali. "Mine risk education in the Lao PDR: Time for a public health approach to risk reduction?" International Journal of Health Promotion and Education 46, no. 1 (January 2008): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14635240.2008.10708124.

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Balcazar, Hector, Felipe G. Castro, and Jennifer L. Krull. "Cancer Risk Reduction in Mexican American Women: The Role of Acculturation, Education, and Health Risk Factors." Health Education Quarterly 22, no. 1 (February 1995): 61–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109019819502200107.

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Lu, Yi, Lai Wei, Binxin Cao, and Jianqiang Li. "Participatory child-centered disaster risk reduction education: an innovative Chinese NGO program." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 30, no. 3 (June 11, 2021): 293–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-03-2020-0066.

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PurposeDisaster risk reduction (DRR) researchers and practitioners have found that schools can play a critical role in DRR education, with many Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) developing initiatives to actively involve children in DRR education programs. This paper reports on a case study on an innovative Chinese NGO school-based program focused on participatory child-centered DRR (PCC-DRR) education, from which a PCC-DRR education framework was developed so that similar programs could be replicated, especially in developing countries.Design/methodology/approachAfter nearly a year of research involving follow-up interviews, fieldwork and secondary data collection from annual reports, news reports and official websites, a case study was conducted on the PCC-DRR education program developed by the One Foundation (OF), a resource-rich NGO in China, that focused on its education strategies and project practice in Ya'an following the 2013 Lushan earthquake.FindingsBased on constructivist theory, the OF developed a PCC-DRR education program that had four specific branches: teacher capacity building, child DRR education, campus risk management and campus safety culture, which was then implemented in 115 schools and consequently evaluated as being highly effective.Originality/valueThe innovative OF PCC-DRR education program adds to theoretical and practical DRR education research as a “best practice” case. Because the proposed framework is child-centered, participatory and collaborative, it provides excellent guidance and reference for countries seeking to develop school-based DRR education programs.

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Turner, James C., Eileen Korpita, Lisa A. Mohn, and William B. Hill. "Reduction in Sexual Risk Behaviors among College Students following a Comprehensive Health Education Intervention." Journal of American College Health 41, no. 5 (March 1993): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07448481.1993.9936324.

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Orel, Nancy A., Maria Spence, and Jenessa Steele. "Getting the Message Out to Older Adults: Effective HIV Health Education Risk Reduction Publications." Journal of Applied Gerontology 24, no. 5 (November 2005): 490–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0733464805279155.

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Martínez Pérez, Guillermo, and Harriet Namulondo. "Elongation of labia minora in Uganda: includingBagandamen in a risk reduction education programme." Culture, Health & Sexuality 13, no. 1 (January 2011): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2010.518772.

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Robertson, Angela R., Janet St. Lawrence, David T. Morse, Connie Baird-Thomas, Hui Liew, and Kathleen Gresham. "The Healthy Teen Girls Project: Comparison of Health Education and STD Risk Reduction Intervention for Incarcerated Adolescent Females." Health Education & Behavior 38, no. 3 (March 10, 2011): 241–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1090198110372332.

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Adolescent girls incarcerated in a state reformatory ( N = 246) were recruited and assigned to an 18-session health education program or a time-equivalent HIV prevention program. Cohorts were assigned to conditions using a randomized block design separated by a washout period to reduce contamination. Post intervention, girls in the HIV risk reduction program demonstrated the acquisition of risk-reduction behavioral skills and improved condom application skill. At a follow-up assessment approximately 9 months after release from the correctional facility, girls in both conditions reported fewer unprotected sexual intercourse occasions and less sex while under the influence of alcohol or other drugs.

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Kipke, Michele D., Cherrie Boyer, and Karen Hein. "An evaluation of an AIDS Risk Reduction education and Skills Training (Arrest) program." Journal of Adolescent Health 14, no. 7 (November 1993): 533–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1054-139x(93)90136-d.

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Blocker, Erin, Andrew Fry, Paul Luebbers, Jeffrey Burns, Jaime Perales-Puchalt, David Hansen, and Eric Vidoni. "Promoting Alzheimer's Risk-Reduction through Community-Based Lifestyle Education and Exercise in Rural America: A Pilot Intervention." Kansas Journal of Medicine 13 (July 10, 2020): 179–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/kjm.v13i.13872.

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Introduction. Rural Americans (RA) have poorer vascular health and physical activity levels than their urban counterparts; all are dementia risk factors. Dementia risk reduction among rural individuals requires a tailored approach. The purpose of this project was to examine preliminary efficacy of a community-based physical exercise and/or dementia risk factor-reduction curriculum among rural adults 50 and older. Methods. Seventy-five rural dwelling adults 50 and older were randomized to one of three groups: 1) 10 weeks of Alzheimer’s disease risk-reduction education (ED), 2) risk-reduction education and supervised exercise (EDEX) or 3) control group (CON). Outcomes included baseline to 10-week follow-up difference in dementia knowledge (primary outcome) and physical activity, muscular endurance, healthy lifestyle engagement, and anthropometrics (secondary outcomes). Results. Sixty-nine adults successfully completed the 10-week study. Dementia knowledge increased in a Treatment Arm-dependent manner (χ2 = 6.95 (2), p = 0.03), being ED and EDEX superior to CON. Engagement in healthy lifestyle behaviors did not change statistically. However, participation specifically in physical activity increased over time (χ2 = 11.47 (2), p = 0.003) with EDEX reporting the greatest increases. No significant change in average daily steps was observed for any group. Conclusion. The results suggested dementia risk-reduction education, both with and without structured exercise, leads to improvements in dementia knowledge. When coupled with regular, supervised exercise, this education intervention also helped participants increase engagement in physical activity over 10 weeks. Tailored interventions that combine Alzheimer’s disease education and regular, supervised exercise may help reduce dementia risk in rural communities.

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Ferrer, Rebecca A., Jeffrey D. Fisher, Ross Buck, and K. Rivet Amico. "Pilot test of an emotional education intervention component for sexual risk reduction." Health Psychology 30, no. 5 (2011): 656–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0023438.

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Tiernan, Kathleen M. "Training volunteers in risk-reduction education: A program in a US-Mexican border community." Family & Community Health 11, no. 1 (May 1988): 60–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003727-198805000-00010.

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Ilic, Dragan, Kerry Murphy, and Sally Green. "Risk Communication and Prostate Cancer." American Journal of Men's Health 6, no. 6 (July 12, 2012): 497–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988312453616.

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The format in which risk is communicated influences how patients make health care decisions. The same statistical information may be summarized differently according to relative risk reduction, absolute risk reduction, number needed to treat, or odds ratio. A total of 76 men participated in focus groups exploring their understanding of information about prostate cancer treatments when framed across these different formats. Using thematic analysis, it was identified that the study participant best understood information when outcomes were framed as an absolute risk reduction and in a positive frame. Patient education materials about prostate cancer treatment options should be reported as an increase in probability of survivorship rather than decrease in risk of mortality and incorporate impact of treatment on patient-centered quality-of-life outcomes.

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Sarmiento, Juan-Pablo, and Dimmy Herard. "Sistematización in urban disaster risk reduction." Disaster Prevention and Management 24, no. 2 (April 7, 2015): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-10-2014-0201.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis of sistematización’s use as a research tool in the operationalization of a “neighborhood approach” to the implementation of disaster risk reduction (DRR) in informal urban settlements. Design/methodology/approach – The first section highlights sistematización’s historical origins in Latin America in the fields of popular adult education, social work, and rural development. The second explains why sistematización was made a required component of project implementation. The third section addresses the approach to sistematización used. The final discusses how this experience both contributes to sistematización’s theoretical development and practical application as a methodology. Findings – The introduction of “sistematización” as a research tool facilitated real-time assessment of project implementation, providing timely information that positively influenced decision-making processes. This on-going feedback, collective learning, and open-exchange of know-how between NGOs and partner institutions allowed for the evaluation of existing practices and development of new ways of collaborating to address disaster risk in complex and dynamic urban environments. Practical implications – Sistematización transcends the narrow focus of traditional monitoring and evaluation on final results, emphasizing a comprehensive understanding of processes and contexts. Originality/value – Its use in the implementation of DRR initiatives in informal urban environments is particularly novel, highlighting the capacity of the methodology to be tailored to a variety of needs, in this case, bridging the gap between NGOs, local governments, and vulnerable communities, as well as between urban, development, and disaster risk management planning.

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Giesler, Paula D., Susan S. Bjornsen, Diedre A. Rahn, Steven A. Smith, and Victor M. Montori. "Cardiovascular Risk Reduction and Diabetes Education: What Are We Telling Our Patients?" Diabetes Educator 30, no. 6 (November 2004): 994–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014572170403000620.

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Akyol, Merve Aliye, Lemye Zehirlioğlu, Merve Erünal, Hatice Mert, Nur Şehnaz Hatipoğlu, and Özlem Küçükgüçlü. "Determining Middle-Aged and Older Adults’ Health Beliefs to Change Lifestyle and Health Behavior for Dementia Risk Reduction." American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias® 35 (January 1, 2020): 153331751989899. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533317519898996.

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Background: Global population is getting older and the prevalence of dementia continuously increases. Understanding the related health beliefs is bound to enable lifestyle-based interventions that maximize public engagement in dementia risk reduction behaviors. The aim of this study was to determine health beliefs on dementia prevention behaviors and lifestyle changes and to determine the factors influencing these beliefs among middle-aged and older people in Turkey. Materials and Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 284 individuals aged 40 years and older, using nonprobability convenience sampling. Data were collected using a demographic characteristic form and the Turkish version of the Motivation for Changing Lifestyle and Health Behavior for Reducing the Risk of Dementia scale. The study utilized the value, mean, percentage frequency distribution, correlation, independent t test, and the one-way analysis of variance test. Results: The mean age of the participants included in the study was 56.99 ± 12.05, 68.7% of individuals were males. The mean education years of the participants were 11.22 ± 4.55. The majority (72.2%) of participants expressed subjective memory complaints. Presence of family history of dementia was 28.2%. Age, gender, education years, subjective memory complaints, presence family history of dementia, prior experience as a caregiver of dementia, and willingness to know their own risk were determined as essential factors that influence several health belief factors related to dementia risk reduction. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that males, older adults, and lower-educated and income are priority groups that should be guided for lifestyle and behavioral changes regarding dementia risk reduction.

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Thapaliya, Radhika, and Samir Kumar Adhikari. "Effectiveness of Sexual Harassment Risk Reduction Education based on Health Belief Model: A Quasi Experimental Study." Journal of Karnali Academy of Health Sciences 3, no. 2 (August 29, 2020): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jkahs.v3i2.30781.

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Background: Sexual harassment is a public health problem which has serious effects to girls’ psychosomatic health. Due to social stigma and lack of skills, even the girls can’t refuse sexual harassment. This study was done to evaluate the effectiveness of sexual harassment risk reduction education based on Health Belief Model. Methods: A quasi experimental study was conducted in secondary level public schools of Tokha Municipality, Kathmandu. The study was done from 5th February 2016 to 5th May 2016. The sample size was 117 for each group which was calculated with input of 95% CI, power of test=80%, assuming 38 % change based on baseline study and 10% nonresponse rate. The ratio of participants in intervention and control group was 1:1 and the total numbers of participants were 128 in pretest and 121 in posttest at the intervention group and 131 in pretest and 122 in posttest in the control group. Data was collected by using self-administered questionnaire for knowledge and likert’s scale was used for attitude and behavioural intention. Lecture, group discussion, role play and brainstorming were methods used for intervention. After two weeks of intervention, a post-test was done. Results: Testing of hypothesis revealed that the knowledge about sexual harassment, anti-sexual harassment attitude and behavioural intention of using refusal skills in sexual harassment in the intervention group were significantly higher than that of control groups i.e. p<0.001, p<0.001 and p<0.05 respectively. Conclusion: Sexual harassment risk reduction education intervention based on health belief model is effective to increase the knowledge, attitude and behavioural intention of participants. The findings of the study encourage further exploring creative approaches to programming in other violence prevention areas.

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DiClemente, Ralph J., Cherrie B. Boyer, and Stephen J. Mills. "Prevention of AIDS among adolescents: strategies for the development of comprehensive risk-reduction health education programs." Health Education Research 2, no. 3 (1987): 287–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/her/2.3.287.

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Saif, Nabeel, Kellyann Niotis, Moises Dominguez, John F. Hodes, Michael Woodbury, Yasmin Amini, George Sadek, et al. "Education Research: Online Alzheimer education for high school and college students." Neurology 95, no. 16 (July 14, 2020): e2305-e2313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000009859.

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ObjectiveAlzheimer disease (AD) risk factors are present throughout the lifespan. This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effectiveness of various online education strategies concerning AD risk reduction and brain health in younger populations.MethodHigh school and college students were recruited via social media (Facebook and Instagram) to join AlzU.org, an evidence-based education portal, and were randomized to 1 of 4 courses: highly interactive webinar lessons narrated by actor Seth Rogen (celebrity webinar) or a physician (doctor webinar), minimally interactive video lessons with Seth Rogen (celebrity video), or minimally interactive video lessons (control). Surveys were administered at baseline and postcourse. The primary outcome was change in knowledge of AD risk reduction assessed by pre vs post lesson quiz scores. Secondary outcomes included change in awareness of AD research, hopefulness about AD, interest in pursuing health care, willingness to volunteer, and likelihood of recommending AlzU.org.ResultA total of 721 participants joined. A total of 281 (38.9%) completed the course. Among college students, quiz score improvements were greater in celebrity webinar and celebrity video vs doctor webinar and control. Among high school students, no differences were found in quiz scores. In both groups, celebrity webinar, celebrity video, and doctor webinar resulted in greater improvements in awareness that nutrition and exercise may reduce AD risk vs controls. Among college students, celebrity webinar and celebrity video group participants felt more hopeful about the future of AD and more likely to recommend AlzU.org vs doctor webinar and control participants. Among college students, celebrity webinar, celebrity video, and doctor webinar participants were more willing to volunteer for AD causes and pursue health care careers vs controls.ConclusionOnline education involving a celebrity may be an effective strategy for educating college students about AD risk reduction strategies. Further studies are warranted in high school students.

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Wang, Jieh-Jiuh. "Promoting School’s Recovery and Resilience after the Chi-Chi earthquake." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 29, no. 4 (May 18, 2020): 609–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-09-2019-0311.

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PurposeIn the current study, the researchers tracked the steps that were taken (in the past 20 years after the occurrence of the 921 earthquake) to enhance the safety of students and teachers on campus by rebuilding the schools according to higher standards. Additionally, the researchers analyzed the process of school reconstruction in Taiwan after the Chi-Chi earthquake, as well as the resilience of the rebuilt schools.Design/methodology/approachThis paper collected extensive relevant literature to serve as a basis for data analysis. Subsequently, they examined the conditions of selected schools before and after they were affected by the earthquake, as well as the reconstruction process of these schools. The purposive sampling method was also adopted to assemble a unique and representative sample.FindingsThis study concluded a new disaster risk reduction education system in Taiwan, from safe learning facilities, school disaster management and risk reduction and resilience education perspectives. It encouraged school and community collaboration regarding establishing a comprehensive disaster management framework.Originality/valueThe paper kept tracks of how schools recovered and restored after the 921 earthquake based on global disaster management trends and local disaster risk reduction education. It also highlighted the major changes within the school resilience system and the importance of disaster risk reduction education in Taiwan.

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Chan, Emily Ying Yang, Caroline Dubois, Ada Ho Yin Fong, Rajib Shaw, Ranit Chatterjee, Ambika Dabral, Antonia Loyzaga, Yong-kyun Kim, Kevin Kei Ching Hung, and Chi Shing Wong. "Reflection of Challenges and Opportunities within the COVID-19 Pandemic to Include Biological Hazards into DRR Planning." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (February 8, 2021): 1614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041614.

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COVID-19 has reinforced the need to revisit the integration of health within disaster risk reduction (DRR) strategies for biological hazards in a system-wide approach. In November 2020, DRR experts attended the Asia-Pacific Partnership for Disaster Risk Reduction (APP-DRR) Forum to share progress and learnings in the areas of health system resilience, data management, residual risk management, risk communication, digital literacy, and knowledge product marketing. Advancements for health in DRR included the importance of multi-sectoral, multi-hazard action plans; adaptation to technological advancements in data collection, dissemination and protection; promoting the health and wellbeing of essential and nonprofessional workers; and improving inclusivity in digital literacy. COVID-19 has affected progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) and created a unique opportunity within DRR to re-evaluate the adequacy of response mechanisms against concurrent, cascading or interacting risks of future biological hazards. Health emergency disaster risk management (Health-EDRM) is a new World Health Organization paradigm that includes DRR at intra-, inter- and multidisciplinary levels. Scientific advancement under Health-EDRM is necessary for health and non-health actors in DRR education and research. Continuous education on the multifaceted risk governance is a key to building awareness, capacity and accelerating towards achieving the international DRR and the SDG targets.

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Lima, Kenio Costa, Celia Pereira Caldas, Renato Peixoto Veras, Renata de Freitas Correa, Diego Bonfada, DyegoLeandro Bezerra de Souza, and Javier Jerez-Roig. "Health Promotion and Education." International Journal of Health Services 47, no. 3 (August 2, 2016): 550–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020731416660965.

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Considering the population aging and the failure of biologistic and hospital-based treatment model, health promotion programs based on scientific evidence are necessary. A comprehensive review of literature was performed, aiming to identify and analyze health promotion and education experiments focused on the aging process. Papers published in eight databases, together with the database of the Pan-American Health Organization, were selected based on review of titles and abstracts, followed by a full text review conducted by two independent reviewers. A total of 22 studies were included, the majority of which adopted a quantitative approach, with a sample larger than 100 elderly or pre-retirement individuals. The majority of studies reported positive results in terms of health promotion and education. One study obtained minimum improvement and one reported that no statistically significant improvement had occurred. The positive effects most indicated by authors were: general or self-perceived improvement in physical health, improvement in psychosocial aspects and in relation to the aging process, improvement in adherence to preventative actions and in healthy conduct and lifestyle, increase in level of physical activity, improvement in quality of life and/or physical well-being, and improvement in activities of daily living or reduction of the risk of developing disabilities.

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Keim, M. "(A158) Preventing Disasters: Public Health Vulnerability Reduction as a Sustainable Adaptation to Climate Change." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11001567.

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BackgroundGlobal warming is predicted to increase the number and severity of extreme weather events. (IPCC 2007) But we can lessen the effects of these disasters. “Critically important will be factors that directly shape the health of populations such as education, health care, public health prevention and infrastructure.” (IPCC 2007) A comprehensive approach to disaster risk reduction (DRR) has been proposed for climate change adaptation. (Thomalla 2006) DRR is cost-effective. One dollar invested in DRR can save $2-10 in disaster response and recovery costs. (Mechler 2005) Disasters occur as a result of the combination of population exposure to a hazard; the conditions of vulnerability that are present; and insufficient capacity to reduce or cope with the potential negative consequences.DiscussionBy reducing human vulnerability to disasters, we can lessen—and at times even prevent—their impact. Vulnerability may be lessened by: 1) reducing human exposures to the hazard by a reduction of human vulnerability, 2) lessening human susceptibility to the hazard, and 3) building resilience to the impact of the hazard. (Keim 2008) Public health disasters are prevented when populations are protected from exposure to the hazard. Public awareness and education can be used to promote a “culture of prevention” and to encourage local prevention activities. Public health disasters may also be mitigated through both structural and social measures undertaken to limit a health hazard's adverse impact. (IPCC 2007) Community-level public health can play an important part in lessening human vulnerability to climate-related disasters through promotion of “healthy people, healthy homes and healthy, disaster resilience communities.” (Srinivasan 2003)

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Toumbourou, John W., and M. Elizabeth Gregg. "Impact of an empowerment-based parent education program on the reduction of youth suicide risk factors." Journal of Adolescent Health 31, no. 3 (September 2002): 277–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1054-139x(02)00384-1.

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Mackenzie, Sara L. C., Ann E. Kurth, and Freya Spielberg. "43: A qualitative evaluation of “Computer Assessment and Risk Reduction Education (CARE) for sexually transmitted infections”." Journal of Adolescent Health 38, no. 2 (February 2006): 134–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2005.11.119.

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Pascapurnama, Dyshelly Nurkartika, Aya Murakami, Haorile Chagan-Yasutan, Toshio Hattori, Hiroyuki Sasaki, and Shinichi Egawa. "Integrated health education in disaster risk reduction: Lesson learned from disease outbreak following natural disasters in Indonesia." International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 29 (August 2018): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.07.013.

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Soria, D., G. M. Schincariol, G. T. Chan, S. Linda Beatriz Pontes De, E. J. Domingos, S. R. D. Souza, C. M. C. D. Silva, and T. V. C. Vernaglia. "Patient education for behavior change: Harm reduction and hypertation control." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1367.

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BackgroundChronic non-communicable diseases (NCD) are a public health problem in Brazil. In addition, NCDs is more strongly associated with common mental disorders than was each NCD individually. This study is about the implementation and execution through the university extension project “harm reduction and mental health: hypertation control and health education” developed at Images of the Unconscious Museum, Brazil.AimsMeasure the prevalence of hypertation, verify the association with chronic NCDs, educate about risk behavior and improve to psychosocial rehabilitation.MethodsA socio-demographic and blood pressure profile was constructed. We identify hypertation on 33 patients. After the diagnosis, the family health unit was contact to construct a clinical care plan. We distribute health educational material about clinical diseases.ResultsThirty-six percent patients was identify with hypertation; once had high blood pleasure and rejected any intervention; 68% have family rates of hypertation and 100% referred low salt on diet. A book storytelling was constructed to give orientations about health lifestyle. We conducted therapeutic workshop to highlighting the creative, imaginative and expressive potential of the users on health behavior.ConclusionWe identify low blood pressure after the activities and a new health style after the orientation process.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Tillis, Myra S. "Reducing the Risk of Acquiring: Aids." AAOHN Journal 34, no. 9 (September 1986): 432–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/216507998603400905.

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Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a primary concern to society at large and to the health care profession. It is the latest and the most life-threatening of the sexually transmitted diseases. Sexually active individuals, both homosexual and heterosexual, are at risk. These individuals should have access to education that will help them to understand risk reduction measures related to the HTLV-III virus that is responsible for AIDS infection. The condom is a device which has been used for years to prevent sexually transmitted diseases; however, instructions on correct use of this barrier are not stressed enough. The condom, when used correctly, is a possible means of preventing the exchange of body fluids by sexual intercourse. Nurses must take responsibility for providing preventive information to risk groups and especially occupational health nurses who are responsible for the health education of individuals in the work setting. Providing preventive education such as correct technique for condom use is one way to prevent or restrain the spread of AIDS.

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Waters, Erika A., Julia Maki, Ying Liu, Nicole Ackermann, Chelsey R. Carter, Hank Dart, Deborah J. Bowen, Linda D. Cameron, and Graham A. Colditz. "Risk Ladder, Table, or Bulleted List? Identifying Formats That Effectively Communicate Personalized Risk and Risk Reduction Information for Multiple Diseases." Medical Decision Making 41, no. 1 (October 26, 2020): 74–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272989x20968070.

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Background Personalized medicine may increase the amount of probabilistic information patients encounter. Little guidance exists about communicating risk for multiple diseases simultaneously or about communicating how changes in risk factors affect risk (hereafter “risk reduction”). Purpose To determine how to communicate personalized risk and risk reduction information for up to 5 diseases associated with insufficient physical activity in a way laypeople can understand and that increases intentions. Methods We recruited 500 participants with <150 min weekly of physical activity from community settings. Participants completed risk assessments for diabetes, heart disease, stroke, colon cancer, and breast cancer (women only) on a smartphone. Then, they were randomly assigned to view personalized risk and risk reduction information organized as a bulleted list, a simplified table, or a specialized vertical bar graph (“risk ladder”). Last, they completed a questionnaire assessing outcomes. Personalized risk and risk reduction information was presented as categories (e.g., “very low”). Our analytic sample ( N = 372) included 41.3% individuals from underrepresented racial/ethnic backgrounds, 15.9% with vocational-technical training or less, 84.7% women, 43.8% aged 50 to 64 y, and 71.8% who were overweight/obese. Results Analyses of covariance with post hoc comparisons showed that the risk ladder elicited higher gist comprehension than the bulleted list ( P = 0.01). There were no significant main effects on verbatim comprehension or physical activity intentions and no moderation by sex, race/ethnicity, education, numeracy, or graph literacy ( P > 0.05). Sequential mediation analyses revealed a small beneficial indirect effect of risk ladder versus list on intentions through gist comprehension and then through perceived risk ( bIndirectEffect = 0.02, 95% confidence interval: 0.00, 0.04). Conclusion Risk ladders can communicate the gist meaning of multiple pieces of risk information to individuals from many sociodemographic backgrounds and with varying levels of facility with numbers and graphs.

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Ness, Kirsten K., James G. Gurney, and Gillian H. Ice. "Screening, Education, and Associated Behavioral Responses to Reduce Risk for Falls Among People Over Age 65 Years Attending a Community Health Fair." Physical Therapy 83, no. 7 (July 1, 2003): 631–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ptj/83.7.631.

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Abstract Background and Purpose. Because of the high risk of falling and the recognition that falling is a “geriatric syndrome,” screening for risk of falls has become popular at community health fairs. The purposes of this study were to determine whether health fair screening and educational intervention would result in behaviors that could reduce the risk of falls and to determine whether adoption of risk-reduction behaviors differed between people over age 65 years screened as being at high risk for falls and those screened as being at lower risk for falls. Subjects and Methods. The Berg Balance Test was used to classify fall risk in 68 individuals aged 57 to 89 years who were attending a community health fair. A score of 45 or lower led to a categorization of the person being at high risk for falls. All subjects were provided recommendations intended to reduce fall risk. Participants were interviewed by telephone 30 days after the screening to assess implementation of these recommendations. Results. Seventy-two percent of the participants reported implementing at least one risk-reduction behavior. The high-risk group was more likely to implement risk-reduction behaviors than the low-risk group. Discussion and Conclusion. Screening and education in a health fair setting appear to promote behaviors that could reduce fall risk among elderly people. Future study with a control group that does not receive an educational intervention is needed to draw more definite conclusions about the value of this health promotion activity for fall prevention.

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Hung, Kevin K. C., Sonoe Mashino, Emily Y. Y. Chan, Makiko K. MacDermot, Satchit Balsari, Gregory R. Ciottone, Francesco Della Corte, et al. "Health Workforce Development in Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management: The Need for Evidence-Based Recommendations." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7 (March 24, 2021): 3382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073382.

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The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 placed human health at the centre of disaster risk reduction, calling for the global community to enhance local and national health emergency and disaster risk management (Health EDRM). The Health EDRM Framework, published in 2019, describes the functions required for comprehensive disaster risk management across prevention, preparedness, readiness, response, and recovery to improve the resilience and health security of communities, countries, and health systems. Evidence-based Health EDRM workforce development is vital. However, there are still significant gaps in the evidence identifying common competencies for training and education programmes, and the clarification of strategies for workforce retention, motivation, deployment, and coordination. Initiated in June 2020, this project includes literature reviews, case studies, and an expert consensus (modified Delphi) study. Literature reviews in English, Japanese, and Chinese aim to identify research gaps and explore core competencies for Health EDRM workforce training. Thirteen Health EDRM related case studies from six WHO regions will illustrate best practices (and pitfalls) and inform the consensus study. Consensus will be sought from global experts in emergency and disaster medicine, nursing, public health and related disciplines. Recommendations for developing effective health workforce strategies for low- and middle-income countries and high-income countries will then be disseminated.

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Matsuura, Shohei, and Khamarrul Azahari Razak. "Exploring transdisciplinary approaches to facilitate disaster risk reduction." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 28, no. 6 (November 4, 2019): 817–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-09-2019-0289.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to look into how collaborations among science and technology groups and other stakeholders in the Asia-Pacific region can facilitate implementation of national and local disaster risk reduction (DRR) strategies through education, training and field practice. Case studies on transdisciplinary approach (TDA) that integrates cross-cutting DRR issues and various stakeholders through science and technology are introduced from several countries in the region as attempts to holistically support societies build and strengthen their disaster resilience. Design/methodology/approach First, through literature review, the transition from single discipline to TDA is illustrated in which various stakeholders of different disciplines work together to achieve a common societal goal. This is followed by introduction of several case studies of actual TDA implementation for DRR in which information had been gathered through surveys and interviews with international science and technology stakeholders. Finally, through analysis and discussion, the study identifies the key roles of science and technology stakeholders for facilitating TDA for DRR. Findings The study concludes with key findings on the specific roles of science and technology including provision of education and training to build capacities of DRR practitioners to effectively plan and implement DRR measures, support to evidence-based decision making through locally specific scientific assessments and analysis and validation scientific information on the actual field for DRR practitioners and agencies. In materializing these roles into action, institutionalization of supporting policies and budget provision that promotes TDA are suggested. Originality/value Even though TDA is not a new concept and many stakeholders understand its importance, TDA has not been widely exercised mainly due to conventional practices of experts and organizations working only within their groups and disciplines. With this understanding, this study has newly identified eight key elements that can be used as a guide and checklist for DRR stakeholders to effectively implement TDA for strengthening disaster resilience of their societies.

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Fonseca, Sandra Costa, Patricia Viana Guimarães Flores, Kenneth Rochel Camargo Junior, Rejane Sobrino Pinheiro, and Claudia Medina Coeli. "Maternal education and age: inequalities in neonatal death." Revista de Saúde Pública 51 (November 24, 2017): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2017051007013.

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OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the interaction between maternal age and education level in neonatal mortality, as well as investigate the temporal evolution of neonatal mortality in each stratum formed by the combination of these two risk factors. METHODS: A nonconcurrent cohort study, resulting from a probabilistic relationship between the Mortality Information System and the Live Birth Information System. To investigate the risk of neonatal death we performed a logistic regression, with an odds ratio estimate for the combined variable of maternal education and age, as well as the evaluation of additive and multiplicative interaction. The neonatal mortality rate time series, according to maternal education and age, was estimated by the Joinpoint Regression program. RESULTS: The neonatal mortality rate in the period was 8.09‰ and it was higher in newborns of mothers with low education levels: 12.7‰ (adolescent mothers) and 12.4‰ (mother 35 years old or older). Low level of education, without the age effect, increased the chance of neonatal death by 25% (OR = 1.25, 95%CI 1.14–1.36). The isolated effect of age on neonatal death was higher for adolescent mothers (OR = 1.39, 95%CI 1.33–1.46) than for mothers aged ≥ 35 years (OR = 1.16, 95%CI 1.09–1.23). In the time-trend analysis, no age group of women with low education levels presented a reduction in the neonatal mortality rate for the period, as opposed to women with intermediate or high levels of education, where the reduction was significant, around 4% annually. CONCLUSIONS: Two more vulnerable groups – adolescents with low levels of education and older women with low levels of education – were identified in relation to the risk of neonatal death and inequality in reducing the mortality rate.

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Baytiyeh, Hoda, and Mohamad K. Naja. "Can education reduce Middle Eastern fatalistic attitude regarding earthquake disasters?" Disaster Prevention and Management 23, no. 4 (July 29, 2014): 343–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-12-2013-0219.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss the unique and necessary role that Middle Eastern educational institutions must play to reduce the negative influence of fatalism regarding risk perception and disasters. Design/methodology/approach – This paper is based on conceptual analysis and real situational cases to confirm the existing fatalistic attitudes in the Middle Eastern communities and shows how education can be used to reduce and limit the negative effects of such fatalism on earthquake risk mitigation. Findings – The paper calls for the integration of critical thinking along with disaster risk education throughout the schools’ system to reduce the dominating culture of fatalism and to facilitate the implementation of disaster risk reduction strategies in the Middle Eastern communities. In addition, the assistance of the religion instructors and clergy, in reducing fatalistic attitudes has positive implications. Originality/value – The paper represents an effort to accelerate the implementation of earthquake disaster risk reduction strategies in the Middle Eastern vulnerable communities. It uncovers the mask on one of the most critical social issues that has for long time hindered social progress in the Middle East region.

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Jonas, Steven. "Health Promotion in Medical Education." American Journal of Health Promotion 3, no. 1 (June 1988): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-3.1.37.

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A significant portion of the deaths in the United States could have been prevented or postponed using known interventions. One reason this did not occur is because medical science and medical education are disease, not health, oriented. Since physicians are at the center of the health care delivery system, their disease orientation pervades the industry. Historically, there have been calls for physicians to focus more on disease prevention; however, medical education does not teach disease prevention/health promotion. There are several reasons for this: 1) medical school faculty conceptual discordance between “certainty” of curative disease vs. the “probability” of risk factor reduction; 2) gaps in the knowledge of effective interventions; 3) the concept that health promotion/disease prevention are outside the province of physicians; 4) the significant role of biomedical research grants on medical school funding; 5) the close association of medical education and the acute care hospital; and 6) the use of rote memory/lecture based teaching methods of traditional medicine vs. the problem-based learning necessary to teach disease prevention/health promotion. Some medical schools have begun to use problem based learning and to introduce health promotion concepts. Widespread and long-lasting change requires support of the leadership in medical schools and the preventive medicine/public health community, and grant funding from state and federal sources to support research on medical education research and change.

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Kathuria-Prakash, N., DK Moser, N. Alshurafa, K. Watson, and JA Eastwood. "Young African American women’s participation in an m-Health study in cardiovascular risk reduction: Feasibility, benefits, and barriers." European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing 18, no. 7 (May 15, 2019): 569–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474515119850009.

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Background: Young black women have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, and thus identifying innovative prevention strategies is essential. A potential preventive strategy is mobile health; however, few studies have tested this strategy in young black women. Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of a mobile health intervention through a digital application to reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors in young black women, and identify benefits and barriers to participation. Methods: Forty black women aged 25–45 years completed four sessions of cardiovascular disease risk reduction education and a six-month smartphone cardiovascular disease risk reduction monitoring and coaching intervention, targeting heart-healthy behavior modifications. At follow-up, women responded to a semi-qualitative online survey assessing the user-friendliness and perceived helpfulness of the intervention. Results: Of 40 women, 38 completed the follow-up survey. Sixty per cent of participants reported that the applications were easy or very easy to maintain, 90% reported that the application was easy or very easy to use. Over 60% observed that their family’s nutrition improved “a lot” or “a medium amount,” and many participants noted positive changes in their children’s diets. Only 8% of participants cited time or cost required to prepare healthy foods as barriers to implementing dietary changes. Conclusions: The m-Health intervention was feasible as a means of cardiovascular disease risk reduction for young black women. In addition, we found that targeting women provided indirect benefits for other family members, especially children. Most of the participants did not encounter systemic barriers to participation, suggesting that mobile health interventions can be effective tools to improve health behaviors in vulnerable populations.

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Evans, Candace M., Rachel M. Adams, and Lori Peek. "Incorporating Mental Health Research into Disaster Risk Reduction: An Online Training Module for the Hazards and Disaster Workforce." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3 (January 30, 2021): 1244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031244.

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There is an expansive and growing body of literature that examines the mental health consequences of disasters and large-scale emergencies. There is a need, however, for more explicit incorporation of mental health research into disaster risk reduction practices. Training and education programs can serve as a bridge to connect academic mental health research and the work of disaster risk reduction practitioners. This article describes the development and evaluation of one such intervention, the CONVERGE Disaster Mental Health Training Module, which provides users from diverse academic and professional backgrounds with foundational knowledge on disaster mental health risk factors, mental health outcomes, and psychosocial well-being research. Moreover, the module helps bridge the gap between research and practice by describing methods used to study disaster mental health, showcasing examples of evidence-based programs and tools, and providing recommendations for future research. Since its initial release on 8 October 2019, 317 trainees from 12 countries have completed the Disaster Mental Health Training Module. All trainees completed a pre- and post-training questionnaire regarding their disaster mental health knowledge, skills, and attitudes. Wilcoxon Signed Rank tests demonstrated a significant increase in all three measures after completion of the training module. Students, emerging researchers or practitioners, and trainees with a high school/GED education level experienced the greatest benefit from the module, with Kruskal–Wallis results indicating significant differences in changes in knowledge and skills across the groups. This evaluation research highlights the effectiveness of the Disaster Mental Health Training Module in increasing knowledge, skills, and attitudes among trainees. This article concludes with a discussion of how this training can support workforce development and ultimately contribute to broader disaster risk reduction efforts.

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Chan, Emily Ying Yang, Holly Ching Yu Lam, Phoebe Pui Wun Chung, Zhe Huang, Tony Ka Chun Yung, Kelvin Wai Kit Ling, Gloria Kwong Wai Chan, and Cheuk Pong Chiu. "Risk Perception and Knowledge in Fire Risk Reduction in a Dong Minority Rural Village in China: A Health-EDRM Education Intervention Study." International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 9, no. 3 (September 2018): 306–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13753-018-0181-x.

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Conner, Laneshia R., Yohansa Fernández, Eric Junious, Crystal Piper, and Diana Rowan. "Evaluating HIV Educational Materials for Older People." Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (JIAPAC) 18 (January 1, 2019): 232595821984905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325958219849054.

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Objective: To address the gap in knowledge about HIV risk reduction materials that target older adults. This review offered a comprehensive and rigorous examination of HIV risk reduction education materials that targeted older adults in the United States, assessing the gap in their coverage and content. Method: A cross-sectional review of both print and Internet sources from state departments of public health, state and area agencies on aging, and web resources that targeted older populations was performed. Results: Of 29 health departments and 13 state and area agencies on aging that responded to the request, there were 9 HIV education materials identified that targeted older people. Of those materials, only 2 addressed the majority of aging-specific recommendations made from a previous study that described important HIV risk reduction information. Discussion: Recommendations are made about dissemination ideas to increase awareness and utilization of HIV educational materials.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Health Education-Risk Reduction'

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