Academic literature on the topic 'Health Professions (miscellaneous)'

Abstract Unpaid caregivers provide >80% of the care for the 6.2 million Americans living with dementia, yet healthcare professionals rarely refer them to community services. The Alzheimer’s Association’s “Direct Connect” (DC) referral program is provider-initiated connecting patients/caregivers with resources to improve care and quality of life. Our interprofessional team created a 15-minute curriculum to educate students about DC and how to advocate for DC use at clinical sites. Champion faculty, from each profession, utilized a common presentation, with minor modifications for professional relevance. Delivery was both synchronous/asynchronous to learners from 2 different universities with knowledgeable clinician(s) available to answer questions. A Qualtrics survey collected feedback (N=218; 105 medicine, 57 nursing, 56 pharmacy). Relevance of the curriculum to each of the 3 professions was high (1-5 scale; mean range 4.46 – 5.00), with nursing rating it as most relevant. Feedback was also quite positive across the professions (78%-92% rated the curriculum quality as excellent/very good overall), with nursing giving the highest ratings. Most learners indicated a strong likelihood of using DC in clinical settings; 64-100% are very likely or somewhat likely to do so, with nursing being most likely to make referrals. In summary, a common dementia DC curriculum was successfully implemented for learners in 3 health professions; it was highly relevant to each profession, well accepted, and perceived to be clinically actionable. Nurses tended to be the most positive on these measures. While these results are promising, DC remains underutilized and initiatives to further increase referrals from providers must be expanded.

The health education profession has made significant advances throughout the past few decades. However, health education is still described as an emerging profession. This article suggests strategies to move health education from its status as an emerging profession into that of an acknowledged profession. The authors assert that actively seeking direct third-party reimbursement will advance health education's emergence as a profession as well as increase its legitimacy in the eyes of other professions. The benefits of direct third-party reimbursement, experiences of the nursing profession's pursuit of direct third-party reimbursement, and the current status of health education are discussed. The article concludes by offering strategies for pursuing direct third-party reimbursement.

Undergraduate education often leaves future healthcare professionals insufficiently prepared for the complex and unpredictable workplace. Competency-based medical education (CBME) is widely utilised in health professions’ education, but a growing literature highlights its limitations. Capability is a complex concept which builds on competence, while embedding the integration and adaptation of knowledge, skills and personal qualities. While capability can prepare learners for uncertainty and complexity, the concept has been slow to progress within health professions’ education. We introduced the concept of capability to over 110 international health profession educators through six conference workshops, using a visual model to facilitate understanding. Participants’ post-workshop qualitative feedback was collated and thematically analysed. One hundred and thirty-three free text comments were received and four main themes identified: conceptualising capability, capability as curriculum goal, educating for capability, challenges to implementation. The need for capability resonated with participants, although most were unfamiliar with the concept prior to the workshop. The workshop enabled participants to recognise the limitations of CBME’s ‘tick box’ culture when preparing learners to address complexity. The model helped educators grasp the concept of capability and its potential value in health professions’ education. Participants were then able to identify challenges and suggest approaches for implementing capability in practice. Educating for capability is fundamental for preparing students successfully for the ‘real world’ of professional practice. Most participants agreed it should be the end goal of healthcare education curricula. Healthcare educators are likely, however, to need support to embrace this paradigm shift.

Research indicates that health disparities may be reduced by increasing the number of ethnic minorities working in health occupations. Establishing health career pathway programs for immigrant and ethnic minority students is one way to address this problem. One such program, Cross-Cultural Education in Public Health (CCEPH), was developed, implemented, and evaluated to determine whether participants expressed greater interest in pursuing health care careers after program completion. A sample of 72 immigrant students in two high schools participated in the program, which was based on Bandura's theory of self-efficacy. Data were gathered using pre- and postprogram surveys that measured academic self-efficacy and career consideration. Results for academic efficacy were not statistically significant, but interest level in health care careers rose substantially. Although further research needs to be conducted to determine whether such programs increase self-efficacy, programs such as CCEPH can increase the consideration of health careers among immigrant and ethnic minority students.

Research indicates that health disparities may be reduced by increasing the number of ethnic minorities working in health occupations. Establishing health career pathway programs for immigrant and ethnic minority students is one way to address this problem. One such program, Cross-Cultural Education in Public Health (CCEPH), was developed, implemented, and evaluated to determine whether participants expressed greater interest in pursuing health care careers after program completion. A sample of 72 immigrant students in two high schools participated in the program, which was based on Bandura's theory of self-efficacy. Data were gathered using pre- and postprogram surveys that measured academic self-efficacy and career consideration. Results for academic efficacy were not statistically significant, but interest level in health care careers rose substantially. Although further research needs to be conducted to determine whether such programs increase self-efficacy, programs such as CCEPH can increase the consideration of health careers among immigrant and ethnic minority students.

Summary The academia and the profession have long overlooked the importance of material interest in the profession of social work. In order to address this research gap, we first reviewed the historical role that material interest has played in differentiating professions from nonprofessions and analyzed its decreasing status along the development of professions due to the two competing discourses of professionalization and de-professionalization. We concluded with the fundamental question, “does material interest still matter for the professions under the current professional environments,” and answered this question by purposively selecting one of the most important organizational outcomes of the social work workplace—turnover intentions—as our dependent variable. We then conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between salary and turnover on 24 studies with a combined sample of 9343 social workers. Findings The results showed that salary was negatively related to social workers’ intentions to leave organizations (r = −.18, ρ = −.21). Specifically, both social workers’ actual salary and their satisfaction with pay and benefits were negatively associated with individual employees’ turnover intentions. Applications This research also supported Barth’s argument that despite social workers’ earnings are “unresponsive” to the labor market, they are not so different from other professions in the workforce market. Research implications both for the third model of the profession—institutionalist professionalism—in contemporary society and for salary raises were discussed.

Abstract Health professions underwent an intense institutionalization process (creation, organization and regulation) and most saw their professional councils established and regulated by the mid-20th century. To evaluate physical education professionals’ level of knowledge regarding the PE code of ethics, a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 63 physical education professionals working in 27 gyms in the city of Jequié, Bahia, Brazil. Results showed no statistical association between knowing the Code of Ethics for Physical Education Professionals and having a specialization. The interviewed professionals showed reasonable knowledge regarding the code of ethics, considering it an essential element in their professional practice.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present an integrated model of didactic, practice and interdisciplinary service learning in healthcare education, and determine the students’ perceptions on the benefits of this integration. Design/methodology/approach – A pre and post survey design was utilized to examine health professions students’ perspectives with respect to learning outcomes relevant to professional benefits of a service learning capstone. The surveys consisted of 36 items for measuring the interdisciplinary course characteristics and perceived benefits of the integrated approach. The required interdisciplinary (used interchangeably with interprofessional) course was constructed as an integrated didactic, practice interdisciplinary service learning model. The sample consisted of undergraduate students (n=53) who completed the interdisciplinary senior seminar capstone course taught by one faculty member in one of three course sections. Structural equation modeling based on partial least squares was used to analyze the significance of constructs. Students’ reflections on interdisciplinary service learning were also collected and summarized. Findings – The study demonstrated the significance of interdisciplinary course and team preparation on perceived professional benefits and positive community service learning experience. Research limitations/implications – Further studies are needed and being pursued to address practitioners’ perceptions of interdisciplinary education. To fully complete the assessment of interdisciplinary education, longitudinal studies must be pursued with graduates and their employers. A larger sample size could be used to repeat this study. Practical implications – The model employed in this study may be utilized as a component of practice education and clinical practice to address accreditation requirements, quality patient-centred care, and engaging students in valuing interprofessionalism and service. Originality/value – This study presents an integrated model of didactic, practice and interdisciplinary service learning in health professions education, and demonstrates the benefits of the model with health profession students’ perceptions of interprofessional education (IPE). This study contributes to professional learning research as the impact of IPE has been questionable due to lack of rigorous evidence.

Massage therapy education programs are responsible for preparing graduates for complex professional environments, while also ensuring graduates can access the profession by passing the regulatory body’s standardized certification or licensing examination. Massage therapists are regulated health care professionals in four Canadian provinces. They are autonomous practitioners and an integral part of the health care regime for patients with complicated health presentations. As such, they must think critically about patients’ presentations and determine the most appropriate care. This article describes the process undertaken by the faculty team of Humber College’s Massage Therapy Program in an effort to transform the existingteaching and learning strategies by incorporating principles of inquiry-based learning (IBL).

In the face of the current pandemic, health professionals are one of the most important resources, if not the most important. Despite their importance to health care per se, their safety is of paramount importance. Nowadays, health professionals are at increased risk of infection due to the high rate of transmission of the virus. Therefore, all measures concerning their safety, as well as their analysis, become imperative. The present thesis proposes to analyse the perspective of health professionals in Portugal, in terms of the training they have received, the level of trust embedded in the institution where they are employed, and how these aspects affect their perception of safety, during the pandemic period. This study relied on an online questionnaire - with a total of 235 responses - and quantitative analysis methods to answer the defined research question. Data analysis combined descriptive and inferential analysis, internal consistency analysis and mediation analysis, using Hayes’ PROCESS. The results suggest that Health Professionals’ Perception of Safety, Training Adequacy and Organisational Trust are evaluated at low, yet positive values, with the latter recording the highest evaluation. Furthermore, the results demonstrate the existence of a direct effect of the perception of training on the perception of safety, as well as an indirect effect, the latter mediated by organisational trust. In the context studied, the main problems and resulting opportunities for improvement, are to be found in the time and the content framework of training, and in the trust relationships between health professionals, their supervisors and the institution.
Devido à situação pandémica, identificaram-se os profissionais de saúde como um dos recursos fundamentais, senão o mais importante, destacando a sua segurança como um tópico vital. Atualmente, os profissionais de saúde estão expostos a um maior risco de infeção devido à elevada taxa de transmissão do vírus, tornando todas as medidas de segurança, bem como a sua análise, imprescindíveis. Esta investigação propõe uma análise à perceção dos profissionais de saúde em Portugal, durante a pandemia, sobre a formação recebida e à confiança que depositam na sua organização, bem como o impacto na sua perceção de segurança. Para tal, foi elaborado um questionário aos profissionais de saúde com instrumentos avaliadores da perceção da adequação da formação, da confiança organizacional e da sua segurança. O questionário aplicado online recolheu 235 respostas. Os dados analisados com base em estatística descritiva e inferencial, consistência interna e de mediação com utilização do macro PROCESS de Hayes. Os resultados indicam que os profissionais de saúde percecionam de forma positive a adequação da formação recebida, confiam na sua organização e sentem-se seguros. Os resultados suportam ainda a existência de um efeito direto da perceção relativamente à formação sobre o sentimento de segurança, e igualmente um efeito indireto, sendo este mediado pela confiança na organização. O conteúdo e cronograma da formação, bem como a confiança dos profissionais de saúde nos seus supervisores e organização são os pontos onde se registam as avaliações mais baixas, evidenciando os problemas, e consequentemente, as oportunidades de melhoria.

Recently, with the development of economy and the innovation of science and technology in society, the competition in the medical market is becoming increasingly fierce, and human resources are becoming more and more important. The maximum development and utilization of human resources has become an important method to improve the core competitiveness of hospitals. With the continuous improvement of hospital management level, the status and importance of hospital culture has become increasingly prominent. Department culture is not only the foundation and key part of hospital culture, but also is a strong embodiment of hospital culture. Effective construction of department cultures, improvement of the job satisfaction of medical staff and promotion of the quality of medical work are of great significance to improve a hospital’s social and economic benefits. In theory, the study of hospital department culture brings a new perspective to the research of traditional hospital human resources. In practice, it provides a new angle for hospital managers to develop higher-level medical staff. Therefore, research necessarily requires the integration of hospital department culture with physicians' job satisfaction. Based on the relevant theories of hospital department cultures and physicians' job satisfaction, this thesis takes Grade-A tertiary hospitals in Hangzhou, China as examples, conceives and designs hospital department culture, designs and tests the measurement subscales of hospital department culture, introduces two mediating variables, namely professional identity and work engagement, and carries out research in the influence mechanism of hospital department culture on physicians' job satisfaction. Through questionnaire surveys and interviews of staff from some Grade-A tertiary hospitals, for instance, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Zhejiang University of China, model tests and data analysis are carried out for the proposed hypothesis. Finally, the following conclusions are drawn: hospital department culture is composed of material culture, behavior culture, system culture, spiritual culture and innovation culture; hospital department culture can significantly affect work engagement, professional identity and job satisfaction; work engagement plays a significant role in the intermediary relationship between hospital department culture and physicians' job satisfaction, and there is no necessary mediating effect of professional identity on hospital department culture and physicians' job satisfaction.
Nos últimos anos, com o avanço da economia e a inovação da tecnologia, a competição no mercado médico se torna cada vez mais renhida e os recursos humanos constituem um recurso cada dia mais importante. Desenvolver e utilizar maximamente os recursos humanos é uma medida crucial para o aumento da competitividade essencial do hospital. A cultura do hospital desempenha um papel relevante no aumento do nível de gestão hospitalar enquanto que a cultural departamental que é considerada como a parte fundamental e importante da cultura do hospital é apresentação e aprofundamento da cultura hospitalar. O reforço da construção da cultura departamental, a elevação da satisfação profissional dos trabalhadores médicos e a promoção da qualidade dos trabalhos médicos se revestem de um significado considerável para aumentar a eficiência socioeconômica do hospital. O estudo sobre a cultura departamental do hospital serve como uma nova perspectiva, na teoria, para os estudos tradicionais relacionados com os recursos humanos do hospital e, por outro lado, na prática, proporciona um novo ângulo para os gestores hospitalares administrarem e desenvolverem profissionais médicos de alto nível. Portanto, é necessário realizar estudos com base na combinação da cultura departamental hospitalar e satisfação profissional dos médicos. Fundamentado na base teórica associada à cultura departamental do hospital e à satisfação dos médicos em relação ao trabalho, este estudo, tomando como exemplo um hospital de excelência da cidade de Hangzhou, China, trata da influência exercida pela cultura do hospital na satisfação profissional dos médicos por meio da construção e concepção da cultura departamental, da elaboração dos parâmetros de avaliação da cultura departamental e da introdução de duas variáveis mediadoras, ou seja, a identidade profissional e a dedicação ao trabalho. Através de questionários e entrevistas realizadas no Hospital Nº 1, afiliado à Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Zhejiang, a hipótese foi avaliada em modelos e os dados foram analisados. Foram obtidas as seguintes conclusões: (1) a cultura departamental do hospital é composta por cultura material, cultura acional, cultura institucional, cultura espiritual e cultura inovadora; (2) a cultura departamental exerce grande influência na dedicação ao trabalho, na identificação profissional e na satisfação em relação ao trabalho; (3) a dedicação ao trabalho faz um papel intermediário significativo na correlação entre a cultura departamental e a satisfação no trabalho enquanto a identificação profissional não possui a mesma função na relação entre eles.

O bem-estar está cada vez mais ligado à felicidade individual e coletiva. Por outro lado, o stress e burnout são fenómenos cuja prevalência tem vindo a aumentar drasticamente, impactando a vida de dezenas de milhões de pessoas (Chamorro et.al, 2016). Este estudo procura investigar o bem-estar associado à atividade de atletas profissionais de futebol, que está exposto a constantes mudanças (Warr, 1990). A literatura identificou um vasto conjunto de fatores que coloca em causa o bem-estar destes profissionais, nomeadamente uma exigência bastante intensa, horários extremamente rígidos, falta de liberdade, várias limitações, um elevado número de viagens, incerteza acerca do futuro e enormes sacrifícios. Segundo Stolen et.al, (2005), estes profissionais estão diariamente expostos a elevadíssimos níveis de pressão e de desgaste físico e psicológico. Estando o bem-estar, stress e burnout relacionados com as capacidades individuais e organizacionais de altos desempenhos, procurou-se identificar os fatores que contribuem para estes fenómenos, assim como entender como é que estes estão relacionados. Para isso foi usado o método qualitativo para recolha de dados. Foram realizadas 28 entrevistas a atletas profissionais de alta competição. Os resultados ilustram a importância do ambiente de balneário, da família e amigos, do clima de entreajuda na organização e das lesões no bem-estar e stress dos atletas. Foram ainda identificados os fatores organizacionais, nas relações do trabalho, de suporte social e de caráter individual que facilitam e dificultam o desempenho dos atletas. As implicações teóricas e práticas são discutidas.
Well-being is increasingly linked to individual and collective happiness. On the other hand, stress and burnout are phenomena whose prevalence has been increasing dramatically, impacting the lives of tens of millions of people (Chamorro et.al, 2016). This study seeks to investigate the well-being associated with the activity of professional football athletes, which is exposed to constant change (Warr, 1990). The literature has identified a wide range of factors that call into question the well-being of these professionals, namely quite intense demands, extremely rigid schedules, lack of freedom, various limitations, a high number of trips, uncertainty about the future and huge sacrifices. According to Stolen et.al, (2005), these professionals are exposed daily to very high levels of pressure and physical and psychological wear. As well-being, stress and burnout are related to the individual and organizational capabilities of high performers, we sought to identify the factors that contribute to these phenomena, as well as understand how they are related. To this end, the qualitative method was used for data collection. Twenty-eight interviews were conducted with professional high-performance athletes. The results illustrate the importance of the locker room environment, family and friends, the climate of mutual help in the organization and the injuries in the well-being and stress of the athletes. Organizational, work relationships, social support and individual factors that facilitate and hinder athletes' performance were also identified. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Doctors owe a duty of care to their patients, and this duty will be owed regardless of whether the doctor is a public sector employee operating within a statutory framework or is providing health care privately. Medical negligence claims in relation to the care which doctors provide to individual patients are outside the scope of this book. Cases arise, however, that do not involve individual doctor-patient relations and raise broader questions of medical policy. In such instances, the fact that the defendant is a public authority exercising public powers is likely to be material to a determination of whether a duty of care should be imposed, and it is such cases we consider in this section. It should be noted that the potential liabilities in negligence of the bodies that regulate the medical profession are not considered in this chapter, but are examined in Chapter 14, where we consider professional regulators.