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Journal articles on the topic 'Health Programmes'
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Szychowska, Agnieszka, Joanna Ruszkowska, and Wojciech Drygas. "Healthy Stadia Programme: innovative approach to health promotion." Polish Journal of Public Health 129, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjph-2019-0001.
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Abstract Sports stadia play an important role in local communities, therefore they are seen as very suitable places for various health promotion programmes. Since 2005, the Healthy Stadia programme has become a new standard for establishing policies regarding health promotion in local communities and during big international tournaments. This programme is an example of an effective setting-based approach to health promotion. Being funded by the European Union Public Health Programme, it has gained popularity in many European countries and also in Canada and Australia. Key parts of the programme include policies on tobacco and alcohol control, healthy food options and physical activity promotion on stadium grounds. Healthy Stadia programme proved to be an effective tool for promoting healthy lifestyle at many sports stadia. The programme is constantly improving and developing new projects, like Football Fans in Training (FFIT) or European Fans in Training (EuroFIT). This article provides an introduction to the programme’s main parts as well as its origins and future projects. Poland is active member of the Healthy Stadia since 2007.
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Sartorius, Norman. "Time to change, time to evaluate. Invited commentary on … Evaluation of England's Time to Change programme." British Journal of Psychiatry 202, s55 (April 2013): s108—s109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.113.126821.
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SummaryTime to Change is the largest national programme to counter stigma ever undertaken. It demonstrates that stigmatisation and its consequences are gradually becoming recognised as the most important obstacle to the development of mental health programmes. It also demonstrates that they can be prevented or reduced. The programme's evaluation answered many questions but others remain - concerning the indicators of success and ways of assessing them and relevance of the programme's achievements. The programme and its evaluation are important steps in the development of anti-stigma programmes worldwide.
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Kang, EunKyo, and Young Ho Yun. "Influence of participation in multiple school-based health promotion programmes on students’ health." Health Education Journal 79, no. 4 (December 11, 2019): 484–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0017896919890048.
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Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of experiencing diverse, multi-dimensional health promotion programmes in school on students’ self-reported health status. Design: Cross-sectional design. Methods: We surveyed 2,568 students from 15 middle schools and 15 high schools in Korea between August 2014 and January 2015. Self-reported information related to health status, attendance at physical, social, mental or spiritual health promotion programmes, and socio-demographics was collected and analysed. Results: Male students, students aged 15 and below, and students living in rural areas were more satisfied with their health status. Regardless of programme type, the number of health promotion programmes attended correlated positively with better overall health status ( p < .001–.032). Attending physical health promotion programmes was significantly associated with physical, mental, spiritual and overall health (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.28–1.40). Attending mental health programmes was significantly related to all aspects of health status (aOR = 1.49–2.17), and participating in social health programmes was significantly related to all aspects of health status except physical and social health (aOR = 1.36–1.67). Participation in spiritual health programmes was related to spiritual and overall health (aOR = 1.33, 1.58). In hierarchical regression analyses, health promotion programme attendance was independently associated with subjective health status after controlling for differences between schools. Conclusion: Participation in health promotion programmes was found to be related not only to the targeted health status but also to other aspects of subjective health.
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Patrick, Rebecca, and Jonathan Kingsley. "Health promotion and sustainability programmes in Australia: barriers and enablers to evaluation." Global Health Promotion 26, no. 2 (August 23, 2017): 82–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1757975917715038.
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In an era characterised by the adverse impacts of climate change and environmental degradation, health promotion programmes are beginning to actively link human health with environmental sustainability imperatives. This paper draws on a study of health promotion and sustainability programmes in Australia, providing insights to evaluation approaches being used and barriers and enablers to these evaluations. The study was based on a multi-strategy research involving both quantitative and qualitative methods. Health promotion practitioners explained through surveys and semi-structured interviews that they focused on five overarching health and sustainability programme types (healthy and sustainable food, active transport, energy efficiency, contact with nature, and capacity building). Various evaluation methods and indicators (health, social, environmental, economic and demographic) were identified as being valuable for monitoring and evaluating health and sustainability programmes. Findings identified several evaluation enablers such as successful community engagement, knowledge of health and sustainability issues and programme champions, whereas barriers included resource constraints and competing interests. This paper highlights the need for ecological models and evaluation tools to support the design and monitoring of health promotion and sustainability programmes.
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Kolbe, Lloyd J., Gerald N. Tirozzi, Eva Marx, Mary Bobbitt-Cooke, Sara Riedel, Jack Jones, and Michael Schmoyer. "Health programmes for school employees: improving quality of life, health and productivity." Promotion & Education 12, no. 3-4 (September 2005): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10253823050120030115.
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School health programmes in the 21 century could include eight components: 1) health services; 2) health education; 3) healthy physical and psychosocial environments; 4) psychological, counselling, and social services; 5) physical education and other physical activities; 6) healthy food services; and 7) integrated efforts of schools, families, and communities to improve the health of school students and employees. The eighth component of modern school health programmes, health programmes for school employees, is the focus of this article. Health programmes for school employees could be designed to increase the recruitment, retention, and productivity of school employees by partially focusing each of the preceding seven components of the school health programme on improving the health and quality of life of school employees as well as students. Thus, efforts to improve the quality of life, health, and productivity of school employees may be distinct from, but integrated with, efforts to improve the quality of life, health, and education of students. School employee health programmes can improve employee: 1) recruitment; 2) morale; 3) retention; and 4) productivity. They can reduce employee: 5) risk behaviours (e.g., physical inactivity); 6) risk factors (e.g., stress, obesity, high blood pressure); (7) illnesses; 8) work-related injuries; 9) absentee days; 10) worker compensation and disability claims; and 11) health care and health insurance costs. Further, if we hope to improve our schools' performance and raise student achievement levels, developing effective school employee health programmes can increase the likelihood that employees will: 12) serve as healthy role models for students; 13) implement effective school health programmes for students; and 14) present a positive image of the school to the community. If we are to improve the quality of life, health, and productivity of school employees in the 21st Century: school administrators, employees, and policymakers must be informed about the need and the means to do so; school employee health programmes must become part of the culture of education and the expectation of educators; and colleges that prepare school administrators and other school employees must provide the pre-service and in-service training, research, development, and leadership to make it happen. This article outlines ten actions that can be taken by school districts to build or improve school employee health programmes, and a list of websites that provides more detailed information about such programmes.
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McGill, Bronwyn, Blythe J. O’Hara, Anne C. Grunseit, Adrian Bauman, Luke Lawler, and Philayrath Phongsavan. "Healthy Weight for Life programme: Evaluating the practice and effectiveness of a weight loss maintenance programme in the private health insurance setting." SAGE Open Medicine 7 (January 2019): 205031211987381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312119873814.
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Background: Australian private health insurers are increasingly involved in the delivery of chronic disease management programmes to their members, recognising the importance of decreasing and managing lifestyle risk factors and the impact such factors have on health service utilisation. One such secondary prevention programme is the Healthy Weight for Life programme, an intensive weight loss and lifestyle modification programme that has been designed for overweight and obese private health insurance members in Australia. Together with the insurer, the Healthy Weight for Life service provider developed and implemented a long-term maintenance programme that supports participants who complete the Healthy Weight for Life programme to maintain the weight loss they achieved during the programme. Various studies have shown that evidence-based weight management programmes can be effective; however, the results may vary in different contexts. Objective: This article presents the evaluation rationale and framework designed to assess the process and impact of the long-term maintenance programme on weight loss maintenance, other health-related benefits and participants’ experience with the programme. Methods: The evaluation will comprise a number of inter-related sub-studies balancing evaluation of programme effectiveness and implementation. The maintenance programme presented a unique opportunity for researchers to partner with private health insurance and a service provider to assess a real-world programme in the under-researched area of weight loss maintenance in this setting and emphasises the importance of evaluating such programmes given the potential the private health insurance context has in the future delivery of health care.
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Cairncross, Sandy, Hervé Periès, and Felicity Cutts. "Vertical health programmes." Lancet 349 (June 1997): S20—S21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(97)90079-9.
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Knowles, J. "Integrated Health Programmes." Tropical Doctor 25, no. 2 (April 1995): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004947559502500202.
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Satinsky, Emily, David Crepaz-Keay, and Antonis Kousoulis. "Making peer-focused self-management programmes work in public mental health." Journal of Mental Health Training, Education and Practice 13, no. 5 (September 10, 2018): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmhtep-08-2017-0052.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review the Mental Health Foundation’s experiences designing, implementing and evaluating peer-focused self-management programmes. Through a discussion of barriers and good practice, it outlines ways to be successful in making such projects work to improve mental health and wellbeing among at-risk populations. Design/methodology/approach A total of 11 Mental Health Foundation programmes implemented over the past ten years were reviewed through reading manuals and publications and interviewing programme managers. Key data were extracted from each programme to analyse trends in aims, outcomes and recommendations. Findings Through a focus on peer-work, programmes taught individuals from a variety of societal sectors self-management skills to effectively deal with life stressors. Through sharing in non-judgmental spaces and taking ownership of programme design and content, individuals realised improvements in wellbeing and goal achievement. Practical implications Good practice, barriers and recommendations can be taken from this review and applied to future peer-focused self-management programmes. By better embedding quantitative and qualitative evaluations into programme development and implementation, programmes can add to the evidence base and effectively target needs. Originality/value This review lays out valuable experience on an innovative community service paradigm and supports the evidence on effectiveness of peer-focused self-management programmes with a variety of group populations.
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Guest, Cheryl, Philip Wainwright, Margaret Herbert, and Iain Murray Smith. "Driving quality improvement with a massive open online course (MOOC)." BMJ Open Quality 10, no. 1 (March 2021): e000781. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2019-000781.
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BackgroundQuality improvement (QI) is a priority for national regulatory bodies in health and care in the UK. However, many health and care staff do not know where to go for support in gaining the required skills and knowledge in QI. This paper reviews Improvement Fundamentals, a massive open online course (MOOC), designed to address this gap, run by an improvement team in the national regulatory body.MethodsIn 2015, National Health Service (NHS) Improving Quality (subsequently the sustainable improvement team in NHS England) established Improvement Fundamentals: a programme of online, self-directed courses in QI for those involved in heath or social care. The programme ran in two cycles: twice in 2015, followed by a re-launch in 2018 (this programme also ran into 2019). A mixed-methods evaluation was carried out of the 2015 programme involving surveys, interviews and social listening. The 2018–2019 programme was evaluated using post-course surveys of participants and activity data from the platform.OutcomesSince the start of the 2015 programme, 604 improvement projects have been developed, run and submitted for formal assessment, with some demonstrating clear improvements in services. Themes from participant feedback on both programmes have included improved understanding of QI tools and methods; greater energy for QI; a greater sense of community and connectedness in participants’ work and increased confidence in using QI tools and techniques.DiscussionBoth programmes delivered benefits for participants, and the team’s investment in improvement skills on these programmes has helped to increase capability for future change endeavours. The collaborative nature of the programmes has been key to their successes.ConclusionImprovement Fundamentals demonstrates that MOOCs can be instrumental in driving forward improvements in health and care. The programmes may have utility as a model for future MOOCs, both in QI and other topics, to help drive further improvements in health and care.
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Gummeson, Hannah, Sonika Raj Goel, and Khalifa Elmusharaf. "Public health practicum: a scoping review of current practice in graduate public health education." BMJ Open 11, no. 5 (May 2021): e047512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047512.
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ObjectivesThe objectives of this study are to (1) identify Graduate Public Health (GPH) programmes with an integrated practicum, (2) determine current practice for practicum design and (3) use the information to make recommendations to inform the design of Public Health Graduate programme practicums.DesignScoping review.Data sourcesAcademic Ranking World Universities 2019 was used to identify top 10 institutions in each geographical hub offering GPH programmes. Each GPH programme website was searched for practicum information.Eligibility criteriaGPH programmes offering a practice-based component as a requirement in their curriculum.Data extraction and synthesisOne reviewer screened GPH websites for eligibility and extracted data. Verification of data for accuracy and completeness was done on 10% of the sample by the second author. Data were compiled into an Excel file and were analysed to describe the duration, timing, credit, contact hours, preceptor requirements, prerequisites, objectives, deliverables and methods of evaluation of the practice-based component.ResultsOut of the 108 GPH programmes screened, a total of 35 programmes were included. There was a significant variation in required practicum duration ranging from 4 to 16 weeks. Only 31% specifically outlined prerequisites to be completed before the initiation of the practicum. More than half (57%) had a published list of core competencies. A majority of practicum did not provide criteria for appropriate preceptors (63%) and their responsibilities (66%). All programmes listed assessment criteria however the majority (57%) did not specify if the practicum was graded or a for-credit component.ConclusionsThe integration of practical components into curricula is inconsistent. This research resulted in 14 recommendations intended to guide GPH practicum design. We propose that this study be used as a tool to spark a global dialogue about best practices in GPH education through the identification of common practices and opportunities for improvement.
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Lessing, Kate, and Ilse Blignault. "Mental health telemedicine programmes in Australia." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 7, no. 6 (December 1, 2001): 317–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/1357633011936949.
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A national survey of mental health telemedicine programmes was conducted and data collected on their catchment areas, organizational structure, equipment, clinical and non-clinical activity, and use by populations who traditionally have been poorly served by mental health services in Australia. Of 25 programmes surveyed, information was obtained for 23. Sixteen programmes had dealt with a total of 526 clients during the preceding three months. Of these, 397 (75%) were resident in rural or remote locations at the time of consultation. Thirty-seven (7%) were Aboriginals or Torres Strait Islanders. Only 19 (4%) were migrants from non-English-speaking backgrounds. The programmes provided both direct clinical and secondary support services. Overall, the number of videoconferencing sessions devoted to clinical activity was low, the average being 123 sessions of direct clinical care per programme per year. Videoconferencing was also used for professional education, peer support, professional supervision, administration and linking families. The results of the study suggest that telehealth can increase access to mental health services for people in rural and remote areas, particularly those who have hitherto been poorly served by mental health services in Australia.
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Bayer, Jordana, Harriet Hiscock, Katherine Scalzo, Megan Mathers, Myfanwy McDonald, Alison Morris, Joanna Birdseye, and Melissa Wake. "Systematic Review of Preventive Interventions for Children's Mental Health: What Would Work in Australian Contexts?" Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 43, no. 8 (January 1, 2009): 695–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048670903001893.
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In childhood, mental health problems primarily consist of behaviour and emotional problems. These affect one in every seven children (i.e. 200 000 in Australia). Left untreated, up to 50% of preschool problems continue through the childhood years. Because of their high prevalence, population-based approaches will be needed to reduce their associated burden. The aim of the present study was therefore to identify evidence-based preventive interventions for behavioural and emotional problems of children aged 0–8 years. Randomized controlled trials of preventive interventions for behavioural and emotional problems were located by searching standard clinical databases and systematic reviews. The authors determined which programmes were effective and ineffective, dividing the effective programmes into those with high or low risk of trial bias. Among effective programmes, the most promising for delivery in Australian contexts were identified, selected for their strength of evidence, sample comparability to Australia's population, and programme compatibility with Australia's service system. Around 50 preventive interventions have been evaluated in randomized controlled trials. Most targeted children's behavioural problems, and a few targeted emotional problems. Three US programmes have the best balance of evidence: in infancy, the individual Nurse Home Visitation Programme; at preschool age, the individual Family Check Up; at school age, the Good Behaviour Game class programme. Three parenting programmes in England and Australia are also worthy of highlight: the Incredible Years group format, Triple P individual format, and Parent Education Programme group format. Effective preventive interventions exist primarily for behaviour and, to a lesser extent, emotional problems, and could be disseminated from research to mainstream in Australia, ensuring fidelity to original programmes. Future research should develop programmes targeting emotional problems, and replicate effective programmes for behaviour problems in quality population translation trials. Randomized trial methods in staged roll-outs can determine population cost–benefits for children's mental health without delaying dissemination.
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Rahman, Md Mizanur, Lubna Naznin, Susane Giti, Md Saiful Islam, and Nasima Khatun. "Premarital health screening a review and update." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 10, no. 1 (April 8, 2015): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v10i1.22934.
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Introduction: In Bangladesh among inherited genetic diseases, thalassaemias and haemoglobinopathies are common and cause significant morbidity and mortality and impose a heavy financial burden on our society. Through premarital testing it is possible to reduce the number of children affected with genetic or other blood transmitted diseases. Aim: This review aims to motivate the general populations and reanimate the interest of stakeholders involved in the management of inherited genetic disorders and put forward the recommendations and proposal for implementing premarital screening programmes in Bangladesh. Materials & Methods: Relevant literatures were retrieved from different journals and web pages to highlight the definition, advantages and importance of premarital screening, types of investigation in the screening programmes and system of implementing this programme. Discussion: Review of different literature indicates that premarital screening programme is a complex social, religious and moral issue generating legal concerns regarding the infringement of fundamental liberty, the right to marry and the implications of involuntary withdrawal of blood. In regions where inherited genetic disorders are high, knowledge and outcome of the diseases and uptake of voluntary counseling is low. This is probably because these disorders are greater in developing and under developed countries where literacy and level of understanding are low. Culture and individual attitudes also have a role in the success of testing. 103 JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 10, No 1 (June) 2014 In Asia, voluntary premarital screening programmes began for inherited and sexually transmitted diseases in countries like China, Taiwan, Malaysia, India, Indonesia, Maldives, Singapore and Thailand but no data is available regarding premarital screening programmes in Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bhutan and Bangladesh. Conclusion: Paucity of resources and trained health professionals in the area of medical genetics are major impediments in implementing premarital screening programmes in Bangladesh. Besides, religious beliefs, cultural norms, social customs as well as illiteracy may be the other barriers in performing the premarital screening programmes in Bangladesh. But it is high time to undertake motivational programmes and pilot projects to implement the premarital screening programmes in order to reduce the inherited genetic disorders, especially thalassaemias and haemoglobinopathies. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v10i1.22934 Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.10(1) 2014
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Jobson, Geoffrey, Nireshni Naidoo, Nthabiseng Matlakala, Gert Marincowitz, Jean Railton, James A. McIntyre, Helen E. Struthers, and Remco P. H. Peters. "Contextual factors affecting the integration of community health workers into the health system in Limpopo Province, South Africa." International Health 12, no. 4 (November 6, 2019): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihz082.
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Abstract Background Community health workers (CHWs) are an essential cadre in the health systems of many low- and middle-income countries. These workers provide a wide variety of services and are key to ongoing processes of task shifting within human immunodeficiency virus programmes in particular. Ward-based outreach teams (WBOTs) are South Africa’s latest iteration of the CHW programme and have been introduced as part of the National Department of Health’s Primary Health Care Re-engineering programme. Methods In order to assess the perceived effectiveness of the WBOTs in supporting the ongoing rollout of antiretroviral therapy, tuberculosis care and patient support, we conducted a qualitative investigation focusing on the perceived successes and challenges of the programme among CHWs, community leaders, healthcare workers and community members in the Mopani district, Limpopo province, South Africa. Results The CHW programme operates across these contexts, each associated with its own set of challenges and opportunities. Conclusions While these challenges may be interrelated, a contextual analysis provides a useful means of understanding the programme’s implementation as part of ongoing decision-making processes.
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Leite, Ângela, Diana Soares, Hélder Fernando Pedrosa e. Sousa, Diogo Guedes Vidal, Maria Alzira Pimenta Dinis, and Diana Dias. "For a Healthy (and) Higher Education: Evidences from Learning Outcomes in Health Sciences." Education Sciences 10, no. 6 (June 24, 2020): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci10060168.
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Increased recognition of outcomes, or competency-based education, has evolved across higher education on health sciences. However, there is significant diversity in the current study of Portuguese programmes. Considering learning outcomes (LO) as indicators of knowledge, skills, abilities, attitudes and the understanding that the student will gain as a result of an educational experience, this study aims to explore which LO are emphasised on the study programmes of health sciences in Portugal. Through a qualitative methodology, carried out through MAXQDA software, all LO of all Portuguese health sciences study programmes submitted to quality accreditation to the Portuguese Agency for Assessment and Accreditation of Higher Education (A3ES) since 2009 until 2016 were analysed. Although specific knowledge was the most referenced LO, transversal skills were also emphasized, such as critical and reflexive analysis/critical thinking, research, ability to organize and plan and professional ethics. Significant differences were found between LO selection when the analysis was made by comparing the diverse study programmes. This required assortment of knowledge and skills seems to reflect not only the specificities of each health science programme but also the challenging demands on professionals in the 21st century, along with the necessary changes imposed by society, fostering intercultural understanding, tolerance, mutual respect and an ethic of global citizenship and shared responsibility, crucial enablers of educational development for all in the scope of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
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Martineau, Fred. "International health foundation programmes." BMJ 334, no. 7585 (January 20, 2007): s23.2—s25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.334.7585.s23-a.
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Weijer, Charles, and Monica Taljaard. "Ottawa Statement does not impede randomised evaluation of government health programmes." Journal of Medical Ethics 46, no. 1 (November 26, 2019): 31–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2019-105938.
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In this issue of JME, Watson et al call for research evaluation of government health programmes and identify ethical guidance, including the Ottawa Statement on the ethical design and conduct of cluster randomised trials, as a hindrance. While cluster randomised trials of health programmes as a whole should be evaluated by research ethics committees (RECs), Watson et al argue that the health programme per se is not within the researcher’s control or responsibility and, thus, is out of scope for ethics review. We argue that this view is wrong. The scope of research ethics review is not defined by researcher control or responsibility, but rather by the protection of research participants. And the randomised evaluation of health programmes impacts the liberty and welfare interests of participants insofar as they may be exposed to a harmful programme or denied access to a beneficial one. Further, Watson et al’s claim that ‘study programmes … would occur whether or not there were any … research activities’ is incorrect in the case of cluster randomised designs. In a cluster randomised trial, the government does not implement a programme as usual. Rather, researchers collaborate with the government to randomise clusters to intervention or control conditions in order to rigorously evaluate the programme. As a result, equipoise issues are triggered that must be addressed by the REC.
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van Dongen, Bonnie, Tara Finn, Vibeke Hansen, Annemarie Wagemakers, David Lubans, and Kerry Dally. "The ATLAS school-based health promotion programme." European Physical Education Review 24, no. 3 (March 10, 2017): 330–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356336x17695834.
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Adolescent boys living in disadvantaged communities are considered a vulnerable group at risk for developing obesity and associated health problems, such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension and type-2 diabetes. While short-term health promotion programmes often produce effective results during the implementation of the intervention, according to self-determination theory (SDT), changes in autonomous motivation are required if programmes are to have sustained effects on health behaviours. This article describes the ATLAS (Active Teen Leaders Avoiding Screen-time) programme, based on SDT, which was developed to engage adolescent boys from low socio-economic backgrounds in physical activity, reduce their consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and limit recreational screen-time. The article reports a post-hoc analysis of the perceptions and experiences of a representative group of ATLAS participants to investigate whether the boys’ general impressions of the programme reflected the need-supportive teaching strategies on which the programme was based. The results of this analysis suggested that students’ comments about increased feelings of autonomy, competence and relatedness were often linked to corresponding need-supportive teacher behaviours. The findings suggest that embedding health promotion programmes in a need-supportive context can help to foster the motivation and self-regulation that is required to maintain newly adopted healthier behaviours.
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Lehmann, Uta, Nana A. Y. Twum-Danso, and Jennifer Nyoni. "Towards universal health coverage: what are the system requirements for effective large-scale community health worker programmes?" BMJ Global Health 4, Suppl 9 (October 2019): e001046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001046.
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Against the background of efforts to strengthen health systems for universal health coverage and health equity, many African countries have been relying on lay members of the community, often referred to as community health workers (CHWs), to deliver primary healthcare services. Growing demand and great variability in definitions, roles, governance and funding of CHWs have prompted the need to revisit CHW programmes and provide guidance on the implementation of successful programmes at scale. Drawing on the synthesised evidence from two extensive literature reviews, this article determines foundational elements of functioning CHW programmes, focusing in particular on the systems requirements of large-scale programmes. It makes recommendations for the effective development of large-scale CHW programmes. The key foundational elements of successful CHW programmes identified are (1) embeddedness, connectivity and integration into the larger system of healthcare service delivery; (2) cadre differentiation and role clarity in order to maintain clear scopes of work and accountability; (3) sound programme design based on local contextual factors and effective people management; and (4) ongoing monitoring, learning and adapting based on accurate and timely local data in order to ensure optimal fit to local context since one size does not fit all. We conclude that CHWs are an investment in health systems strengthening and community resilience with enormous potential for contributing to universal health coverage and the sustainable development goals if well designed and managed. While the evidence base is uneven and mixed, it provides extensive insight and knowledge to strengthen, scale up and sustain CHW programmes throughout Africa.
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Duignan, Paul, and Sally Casswell. "Community Alcohol Action Programme Evaluation in New Zealand." Journal of Drug Issues 22, no. 3 (July 1992): 757–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204269202200320.
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This article is concerned with two evaluations of community alcohol action programmes in New Zealand. The first programme was a demonstration programme using a quasi-experimental design to examine the effect of a media campaign and alcohol community organisers in provincial New Zealand cities for a two-year period in the early 1980s. The second was a project run in one city for three months in 1987, consisting of enforcement of drunk -driving laws and community coordination. This article sets out a summary of the programmes; distinguishes between evaluation of demonstration programmes versus other potentially less research-driven programmes; highlights the importance of an individual assessment of what evaluation is appropriate for any such programme; and stresses using a range of appropriate formative, process and outcome evaluation methods right across the lifecycle of a programme.
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Lawrence, Mark Andrew, Christina Mary Pollard, and Tarun Stephen Weeramanthri. "Positioning food standards programmes to protect public health: current performance, future opportunities and necessary reforms." Public Health Nutrition 22, no. 5 (February 28, 2019): 912–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980018003786.
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AbstractObjectiveTo assess current performance and identify opportunities and reforms necessary for positioning a food standards programme to help protect public health against dietary risk factors.DesignA case study design in which a food standards programme’s public health protection performance was analysed against an adapted Donabedian model for assessing health-care quality. The criteria were the food standards programme’s structure (governance arrangements and membership of its decision-making committees), process (decision-making tools, public engagement and transparency) and food standards outcomes, which provided the information base on which performance quality was inferred.SettingThe Australia and New Zealand food standards programme.ParticipantsThe structure, process and outcomes of the Programme.ResultsThe Programme’s structure and processes produce food standards outcomes that perform well in protecting public health from risks associated with nutrient intake excess or inadequacy. The Programme performs less well in protecting public health from the proliferation and marketing of ‘discretionary’ foods that can exacerbate dietary risks. Opportunities to set food standards to help protect public health against dietary risks are identified.ConclusionsThe structures and decision-making processes used in food standards programmes need to be reformed so they are fit for purpose for helping combat dietary risks caused by dietary excess and imbalances. Priorities include reforming the risk analysis framework, including the nutrient profiling scoring criterion, by extending their nutrition science orientation from a nutrient (reductionist) paradigm to be more inclusive of a food/diet (holistic) paradigm.
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Lau, Cynthia, and Ben Yuk Fai Fong. "Review of Public Private Partnership in the Health Care in Hong Kong." Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management 16, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24083/apjhm.v16i1.637.
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Public Private Partnership Programme is a cooperation between different healthcare professionals in both public and private sectors. Over the decades, many programmes have been developed which cover various diseases, including chronic conditions and surgery for cataracts, as well as vaccinations. However, these programmes are not successful because of the unsatisfactory service charges to private sector, overlapped aims and resources and wrong estimation of the needs. To become successful, programmes reform is required by rearranging resources, annual reviews, more financial support and extending the coverage of diseases. Promotions are beneficial to all stakeholders. Overall, better coordination between both sectors is the most essential factor which can lead the programme to success and maintain a better health care system in Hong Kong.
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Blanks, R. G., S. M. Moss, and M. G. Wallis. "A Comparison of Two View and One View Mammography in the Detection of Small Invasive Cancers : Results from the National Health Service Breast Screening Programme." Journal of Medical Screening 3, no. 4 (December 1996): 200–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096914139600300408.
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Objective— To examine the effect of using two view mammography in comparison with one view mammography in the detection of small (<15 mm) invasive cancers. Setting— Screening programme data from National Health Service breast screening programme (NHSBSP). Methods— Data were collated from all screening programmes in the United Kingdom on standard “Korner” returns (KC62 forms) for the screening year 1 April 1994 to 31 March 1995. The comparison of invasive cancer detection rates by programmes using one and two view mammography with indirectly age standardised invasive cancer detection rates. Results— Programmes using two views for women attending their prevalent screen (first screen) in the NHSBSP detected 3% more non-invasive/microinvasive cancers, 7% more large invasive cancers (⩽15 mm), and 42% more small invasive cancers (<15 mm) than programmes using one view mammography. Conclusions— The success of the screening programme depends largely on the ability of individual programmes to detect small invasive cancers. The results suggest that the benefit of using two view mammography is largely in the increased detection of these cancers.
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Skytt, Bernice, Birgitta Ljunggren, Maria Engström, and Marianne Carlsson. "Different development programmes – does it make a difference?" Leadership in Health Services 24, no. 1 (February 8, 2011): 29–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17511871111102517.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine whether two groups of first‐line nurse managers perceived improvements in skills and knowledge regarding interpersonal skills and group management, achievement orientation, and organizational view and political savvy after participation in two different development programmes, compared to participants in a comparison group. Further, to understand the first‐line nurse managers' expectations for and experiences of the programme as well as its strengths and weaknesses.Design/methodology/approachA total of 13 first‐line nurse managers participated in a training programme, 14 in a self‐development programme, and 14 in a comparison group. Group interviews were used to describe the managers' expectations for and experiences of the programmes, the Leadership and Management Inventory were used to assess the impact of the programmes.FindingsThe results of the interviews showed that the programmes met many of the participants' expectations. Participants perceived significant improvements – in organizational knowledge following the training programme and in achievement orientation following the self‐development programme.Research limitations/implicationsParticipation in the groups was not based on random assignment.Practical implicationsDifferent development programmes focussing on different issues can increase flexibility and decrease costs, as managers can apply to programmes suited to their development needs.Originality/valueMixed methods have been used in this study: qualitative methods to describe the participants' experiences of the programmes, and quantitative methods to describe the impact of two different leadership programmes and to contrast these results with a comparison group.
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SHARMA, SHARAD KUMAR, YOTHIN SAWANGDEE, and BUPPHA SIRIRASSAMEE. "ACCESS TO HEALTH: WOMEN’S STATUS AND UTILIZATION OF MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES IN NEPAL." Journal of Biosocial Science 39, no. 5 (March 15, 2007): 671–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932007001952.
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SummaryWith the objective of reducing maternal and neonatal mortality, the Safe Motherhood Program was implemented in Nepal in 1997. It was launched as a priority programme during the ninth five-year plan period, 1997–2002, with the aim of increasing women’s access to health care and raising their status. This paper examines the association of access to health services and women’s status with utilization of prenatal, delivery, and postnatal care during the plan period. The 1996 Nepal Family Health Survey and the 2001 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey data were pooled and the likelihood of women’s using maternal health care was examined in 2001 in comparison with 1996. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicates that the utilization of maternal health services increased over the period. Programme interventions such as outreach worker’s visits, radio programmes on maternal health, maternal health information disseminated through various mass media sources and raising women’s status through education were able to explain the observed change in utilization. Health worker visits and educational status of women showed a large association, but radio programmes and other mass media information were only partially successful in increasing use of maternal health services. Socioeconomic and demographic variables such as household economic status, number of living children and place of residence showed stronger association with use of maternal health services then did intervention programmes.
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Dijkhuizen, A. A. "Modelling to support health programs in modern livestock farming." Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 36, no. 1 (February 1, 1988): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/njas.v36i1.16695.
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The application of herd health programmes in livestock farming is rarely an all-or-nothing affair. Usually several control measures are available, but none is ideal. The use of models in optimizing the application of herd health programmes is on the increase. Two broad categories of models have been reviewed: (1) statistical/sepidemiological models used for direct evaluation of any programme actually carried out (positive approach); and (2) economic models used for predicting the profitability of specific measures or programmes (normative approach). Priorities for further research in the field of animal health economics are also discussed. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
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KAUPPINEN, TAPANI, and KIRSI NELIMARKKA. "A REVIEW OF FINNISH SOCIAL AND HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENTS." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 06, no. 01 (March 2004): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333204001584.
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This article examines the ways in which Human Impact Assessment has been integrated into plans and programmes in Finland. The EIA Act requires that the impacts on humans should also be taken into account in assessment. The programmes reviewed have been selected from various sectors, including traffic, energy, forestry and land use. Some common features, strengths and development needs were revealed in the impact assessments. On the basis of this material, at least three procedural challenges to strategic impact assessment can be identified: the differentiation between impacts caused by the programme and other societal changes; the sufficient assessment of undesirable impacts; and the definition of concepts used in the programmes.
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Rigg, Khary K., and Kimberly M. Menendez. "Drug prevention programmes in schools: Selecting programme providers." Health Education Journal 77, no. 5 (March 23, 2018): 586–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0017896918763454.
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Schools are an important venue for implementing drug prevention programmes. School-based programmes have been shown to be an efficacious and cost-effective method of reducing substance use disorders among youth. There exists lack of consensus, however, regarding who makes the most effective programme providers. Drug prevention programmes are led by a wide variety of people, including classroom teachers, mental health professionals and the police. Few studies specifically examine the relative effectiveness of different facilitators and existing results are mixed. This has made it difficult to determine empirically which group makes the most effective programme providers. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to present information that can be used by school officials, educators and policymakers to inform choices regarding who should implement drug prevention programmes in schools. The paper will include a brief introduction to universal classroom-based drug prevention in the USA and an overview of the role of facilitator. A discussion of the practical implications and relative (dis)advantages of using persons from three commonly used provider types (classroom teachers, mental health professionals and the police) is also provided. The paper concludes with a brief summary of programme provider issues in an international context. The information presented in this paper provides important insights for schools as they attempt to select the most appropriate programme providers for their specific communities.
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Zachariah, Rony, Dermot Maher, Abraham Aseffa, Mahnaz Vahedi, Pascal Launois, Mohammed Khogali, Garry Aslanyan, and John C. Reeder. "Strengthening the core health research capacity of national health systems helps build country resilience to epidemics: a cross-sectional survey." F1000Research 9 (June 9, 2020): 583. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.24192.1.
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Background: TDR, The Special Programme for Research and Training hosted at the World Health Organization, has long supported Low- and Middle-Income Countries in strengthening research capacity through three training programmes: the Postgraduate Training Scheme (PGTS), the Clinical Research and Development Fellowship (CRDF), and the Structured Operational Research Training InitiaTive (SORT IT). In the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic, we assessed whether those trained through these programmes were involved in the COVID-19 response and if so, in which area(s) of the emergency response they were applying their skills. Methods: From the records for each training programme, we identified the individuals who had completed training during the relevant timespan of each programme: 1999-2018 for the CRDF scheme, 2015-2020 for PGTS, and 2009-2019 for SORT-IT. Between March and April 2020, we sent trainees an online questionnaire by e-mail. Results: Out of 1254 trained, 1143 could be contacted and 699 responded to the survey. Of the latter, 411 were involved with the COVID-19 response, of whom 315 (77%) were applying their acquired skills in 85 countries. With some overlap between programmes, 84% of those trained through CRDF were applying their skills in 27 countries, 91% of those trained through PGTS were applying their skills in 19 countries, and through SORT IT, this was 73% in 62 countries. Skills were being applied in various areas of the emergency response, including: emergency preparedness, situation analysis/surveillance, infection control and clinical management, data generation, mitigating the effect of COVID on the health system, and research. Depending on the type of training programme, 26-74% were involved in implementation, operational or clinical research. Conclusion: Research training programmes build research capacity and equip health workers with transferable core competencies and skillsets prior to epidemics. This becomes invaluable in building health system resilience at a time of pandemics.
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Zachariah, Rony, Dermot Maher, Abraham Aseffa, Mahnaz Vahedi, Pascal Launois, Mohammed Khogali, Garry Aslanyan, and John C. Reeder. "Strengthening the core health research capacity of national health systems helps build country resilience to epidemics: a cross-sectional survey." F1000Research 9 (June 29, 2020): 583. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.24192.2.
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Background: TDR, The Special Programme for Research and Training hosted at the World Health Organization, has long supported Low- and Middle-Income Countries in strengthening research capacity through three training programmes: the Postgraduate Training Scheme (PGTS), the Clinical Research and Development Fellowship (CRDF), and the Structured Operational Research Training InitiaTive (SORT IT). In the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic, we assessed whether those trained through these programmes were involved in the COVID-19 response and if so, in which area(s) of the emergency response they were applying their skills. Methods: From the records for each training programme, we identified the individuals who had completed training during the relevant timespan of each programme: 1999-2018 for the CRDF scheme, 2015-2020 for PGTS, and 2009-2019 for SORT-IT. Between March and April 2020, we sent trainees an online questionnaire by e-mail. Results: Out of 1254 trained, 1143 could be contacted and 699 responded to the survey. Of the latter, 411 were involved with the COVID-19 response, of whom 315 (77%) were applying their acquired skills in 85 countries. With some overlap between programmes, 84% of those trained through CRDF were applying their skills in 27 countries, 91% of those trained through PGTS were applying their skills in 19 countries, and through SORT IT, this was 73% in 62 countries. Skills were being applied in various areas of the emergency response, including: emergency preparedness, situation analysis/surveillance, infection control and clinical management, data generation, mitigating the effect of COVID on the health system, and research. Depending on the type of training programme, 26-74% were involved in implementation, operational or clinical research. Conclusion: Research training programmes build research capacity and equip health workers with transferable core competencies and skillsets prior to epidemics. This becomes invaluable in building health system resilience at a time of pandemics.
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Solin, Pia, and Juhani Lehto. "Mental health in complex health promotion policy programmes: The contribution of programme evaluations." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 39, no. 3 (March 15, 2011): 255–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494811401473.
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Bundy, Donald AP, Lesley J. Drake, and Carmen Burbano. "School food, politics and child health." Public Health Nutrition 16, no. 6 (November 1, 2012): 1012–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980012004661.
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AbstractObjectiveAn analysis undertaken jointly in 2009 by the UN World Food Programme, The Partnership for Child Development and the World Bank was published as Rethinking School Feeding to provide guidance on how to develop and implement effective school feeding programmes as a productive safety net and as part of the efforts to achieve Education for All. The present paper reflects on how understanding of school feeding has changed since that analysis.DesignData on school feeding programme outcomes were collected through a literature review. Regression models were used to analyse relationships between school feeding costs (from data that were collected), the per capita costs of primary education and Gross Domestic Product per capita. Data on the transition to national ownership, supply chains and country examples were collected through country case studies.ResultsSchool feeding programmes increase school attendance, cognition and educational achievement, as well as provide a transfer of resources to households with possible benefits to local agricultural production and local market development. Low-income countries exhibit large variations in school feeding costs, with concomitant opportunities for cost containment. Countries are increasingly looking to transition from externally supported projects to national programmes.ConclusionsSchool feeding is now clearly evident as a major social programme in most countries with a global turnover in excess of $US 100 billion. This argues for a continuing focus on the evidence base with a view to helping countries ensure that their programmes are as cost-effective as possible. Clear policy advice has never been more important.
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Breslin, Gavin, Tandy Jane Haughey, Paul Donnelly, Ciaran Kearney, and Garry Prentice. "Promoting mental health awareness in sport clubs." Journal of Public Mental Health 16, no. 2 (June 19, 2017): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpmh-08-2016-0040.
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Purpose The World Health Organization estimates that millions of people across the world experience mental health problems, yet traditionally athletes have been poorly supported to manage their mental health. The purpose of this paper is to apply the Theory of Planned Behaviour to determine the effect of a mental health awareness programme on sports coaches’ knowledge and intentions to offer support to athletes who experience mental health problems. Design/methodology/approach Adult coaches (n=244) were recruited to attend the Mood Matters in Sport Programme mental health awareness intervention or act as a control. A 2 (group) × 2 (time) quasi-experimental design was adopted. All participants completed the Mental Health Knowledge Schedule and Reported and Intended Behaviour Scale at the beginning and end of the programme. Two months postprogramme delivery focus groups were conducted. Findings A mixed analysis of variance showed a significant interaction effect wherein there were improvements in mental health knowledge and intentions to offer support compared to the control group. Focus group findings provided further detail on how to support mental health awareness in sport clubs. Practical implications Knowledge and intentions to offer support can be enhanced through a short mental health awareness programme. The already established social networks available in sport clubs can provide a natural environment for delivering mental health awareness programmes. The programme facilitated discussion on mental health issues and highlighted that future programmes should contain more sport-related examples (i.e. case studies, videos, etc.). Originality/value This is the first study to apply the Theory of Planned Behaviour to mental health awareness programmes in a sport setting.
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Thuong, Nguyen Thi Thu, Tran Quang Huy, Do Anh Tai, and Tran Nhuan Kien. "Impact of Health Insurance on Health Care Utilisation and Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure in Vietnam." BioMed Research International 2020 (August 26, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9065287.
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Background. In recent years, health insurance (HI) has been chosen by many low- and middle-income countries to obtain an important health policy target—universal health coverage. Vietnam has recently introduced the Revised Health Insurance Law, and the effects of the voluntary health insurance (VHI) and heavily subsidised health insurance (HSHI) programmes have not yet been analysed. Therefore, this study is aimed at examining the impact of these HI programmes on the utilisation of health care services and out-of-pocket health expenditure (OOP) in general and across different health care providers in particular. Methods. Using the two waves of Vietnam Household Living Standard Surveys 2014 and 2016 and the difference-in-difference method, the impacts of VHI and HSHI on health care utilisation and OOP in Vietnam were estimated. Results. For both the VHI and HSHI groups, we found that HI increased the probability of seeking outpatient care, the mean number of outpatient visits, the total number of visits, and the mean number of visits at the district level of health care providers in the last 12 months. However, there was no evidence that the HSHI programmes increased the mean number of inpatient visits and the number of visits at the provincial hospital. We also found that while the VHI programme reduced OOP for both outpatient and inpatient care, the HSHI scheme did not result in a reduction in OOP for hospitalisation, although HI lowered the total OOP. Similarly, we found that for both groups, HI reduced OOP when the insured visited district and provincial hospitals. However, the statistically significant impact was not demonstrated when the enrolees of HSHI programmes visited provincial hospitals. Conclusion. The study offers evidence that the Vietnamese HI scheme increased health care service utilisation and decreased OOP for the participants of the VHI and HSHI programmes. Therefore, the government should continue to consider improving the HI system as a strategy to achieve universal health coverage.
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Gerard, Karen, Jackie Brown, and Kathy Johnston. "UK Breast Screening Programme: How Does it Reflect the Forrest Recommendations?" Journal of Medical Screening 4, no. 1 (March 1997): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096914139700400105.
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Objective— To compare the UK breast screening programme with the Forrest Report recommendations of 1986. Setting— The UK breast screening programme. Methods— A postal survey of 97 local breast screening programmes in the United Kingdom. The main outcome measures were the frequency of screening, the use of two view screening on incident screens, reading of screening mammograms, assessment procedures and visits, staffing levels, and the use of building and equipment. Results— Eighty two (85%) of the questionnaires were completed and returned. All programmes screen every three years, as Forrest intended, with the exception of one health region which screens more often. The national policy is to use two views on incident screens where there is a clinical indication. None the less, 14% of programmes are using, or intending to use, two views on all women. Double reading of mammograms is not recommended in the United Kingdom outside Scotland, but is used by 88% of programmes. All programmes have access to the equipment required for the assessment techniques recommended by Forrest. Variation exists between programmes in the procedures women can expect to receive at their initial assessment visit and in the total number of assessment visits. Sixty eight per cent of programmes' breast screening budgets cover the staff required for a multidisciplinary team as denned by the Forrest Report. Ninety three per cent of screening programmes are organised around static sites, with 86% of these also using mobile vans. Conclusions— The national programme is following recommendations about the frequency of screening, but there seems to be some divergence from policy as regards the use of double reading, two views at incident screening, and the multidisciplinary team covered by the programmes' breast screening budget. Further research is needed on the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of two view incidence screening, double reading, and non-radiologists as readers. Investigation is also needed of the costs and effects of the variation between programmes in the number of assessment visits a woman may have.
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Valaitis, Renata F., Rhona M. Hanning, and Isabela S. Herrmann. "Programme coordinators’ perceptions of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats associated with school nutrition programmes." Public Health Nutrition 17, no. 6 (June 17, 2013): 1245–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898001300150x.
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AbstractObjectiveAs part of a larger evaluation of school nutrition programmes (SNP), the present study examined programme coordinators’ perceptions of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) regarding their SNP and public health professionals’ support.DesignQualitative interviews were conducted with twenty-two of eighty-one programme coordinators who had completed a programme evaluation survey. Interviews followed a SWOT framework to evaluate programmes and assessed coordinators’ perceptions regarding current and future partnerships with public health professionals.SettingThe study was conducted in a large, urban region within Ontario.SubjectsThe twenty-two coordinators who participated represented a cross-section of elementary, secondary, Public and Catholic schools.ResultsSNP varied enormously in foods/services offered, how they offered them and perceived needs. Major strengths included universality, the ability to reach needy students and the provision of social opportunities. Major weaknesses included challenges in forming funding partnerships, lack of volunteers, scheduling and timing issues, and coordinator workload. Common threats to effective SNP delivery included lack of sustainable funding, complexity in tracking programme use and food distribution, unreliable help from school staff, and conflicts with school administration. Opportunities for increased public health professionals’ assistance included menu planning, nutrition education, expansion of programme food offerings, and help identifying community partners and sustainable funding.ConclusionsThe present research identified opportunities for improving SNP and strategies for building on strengths. Since programmes were so diverse, tailored strategies are needed. Public health professionals can play a major role through supporting menu planning, food safety training, access to healthy foods, curriculum planning and by building community partnerships.
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Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Nelum Samarutilake, Mihiri Chami Wettasinghe, Julie Feiler, Antony Morgan, Antonis A. Kousoulis, and Tine Van Bortel. "Public health programmes to promote mental health in young people: a systematic integrative review protocol." BMJ Open 10, no. 9 (September 2020): e037241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037241.
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IntroductionIn light of the ever-growing mental health disease burden among young people worldwide, we aim to systematically review the global literature to identify the public health programmes targeted at promoting mental health and well-being in young people, the reported/anticipated mental health-related outcomes of the implemented public health programmes and the reported facilitators and barriers in relation to the implementation of those public health programmes.Methods and analysisA comprehensive literature search will be carried out in the following electronic bibliographic databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Scopus, ASSIA, Web of Science, Global Health, AMED, Health Source and The Cochrane Library. Further, a manual search of the reference lists of eligible studies and reviews will be carried out. The search strategy will include combinations of three key blocks of terms, namely: ‘young people’, ‘mental health’ and ‘public health programme’, using database-specific subject headings and text words. Two reviewers will independently screen, assess data quality and extract data for synthesis. Disagreements at any stage will be resolved by consensus with the involvement of a third reviewer. Given the anticipated methodological pluralism of the potential eligible studies, we will provide a narrative synthesis of the findings on public health programmes aimed at promoting the mental health and well-being of young people according to identified thematic areas. Furthermore, a narrative synthesis of the reported facilitators and barriers in relation to the implementation of public health programmes will be provided.Ethics and disseminationGiven that the review findings will be focused on understanding the breadth and depth of the global research into public health programmes to promote mental health in young people with a particular emphasis on the facilitators and barriers of programmatic implementation, the findings will be of great value to inform future interventions, programmes and approaches to promote mental health and well-being of young people worldwide.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018099551.
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Verdonschot, Angeliek, Emely de Vet, Natalie van Seeters, Jolieke Warmer, Clare E. Collins, Tamara Bucher, and Annemien Haveman-Nies. "Caregivers’ Role in the Effectiveness of Two Dutch School-Based Nutrition Education Programmes for Children Aged 7–12 Years Old." Nutrients 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010140.
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Childhood eating behaviours can track into adulthood. Therefore, programmes that support early healthy eating, including school-based nutrition education programmes, are important. Although school-based programmes may be beneficial in improving nutrition knowledge, impact on actual fruit and vegetable (FV) intake is generally limited as FV intake is also influenced by the home environment. The current study includes secondary analyses of data from an evaluation study on Dutch nutrition education and examined the role of caregivers’ health promotion behaviours (HPB) in influencing healthy eating behaviours in primary school children (n = 1460, aged 7–12 years) and whether caregivers’ HPB contribute to programme effectiveness. Children’s nutrition knowledge, FV intake and caregivers’ HPB (FV/sugar-sweetened beverages/sweets provision to take to school, cooking together and talking about healthy food at home) were measured by child-reported questionnaires at baseline, during, and 6 months post-programme. Results indicated that caregivers’ HPB was positively associated with children’s healthy eating behaviours and that programme effectiveness was highest in those in the lower HPB subcategory. In conclusion, children with less encouragement to eat healthily at home potentially benefit more from school-based nutrition education programmes than children receiving more encouragement. This highlights the important role of the home environment in supporting healthy eating behaviour in children.
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Pallan, Miranda, Tania Griffin, Kiya L. Hurley, Emma Lancashire, Jacqueline Blissett, Emma Frew, Laura Griffith, et al. "Cultural adaptation of an existing children’s weight management programme: the CHANGE intervention and feasibility RCT." Health Technology Assessment 23, no. 33 (July 2019): 1–166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hta23330.
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BackgroundExcess weight in children is a continuing health issue. Community-based children’s weight management programmes have had some effect in promoting weight loss. Families from minority ethnic communities are less likely to complete these programmes but, to date, no programmes have been culturally adapted to address this.ObjectivesWe aimed to (1) culturally adapt an existing weight management programme for children aged 4–11 years and their families to make it more suited to Pakistani and Bangladeshi communities but inclusive of all families and (2) evaluate the adapted programme to assess its feasibility and acceptability, as well as the feasibility of methods, for a future full-scale trial.DesignIn phase I, a cultural adaptation of a programme that was informed by formative research and guided by two theoretical frameworks was undertaken and in phase II this adapted programme was delivered in a cluster-randomised feasibility study (for which the clusters were the standard and adapted children’s weight management programmes).SettingBirmingham: a large, ethnically diverse UK city.ParticipantsIn phase I, Pakistani and Bangladeshi parents of children with excess weight, and, in phase II, children aged 4–11 years who have excess weight and their families.InterventionsA culturally adapted children’s weight management programme, comprising six sessions, which was delivered to children and parents, targeting diet and physical activity and incorporating behaviour change techniques, was developed in phase I and delivered in the intervention arm to 16 groups in phase II. The eight groups in the comparator arm received the standard (unadapted) children’s weight management programme.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the proportion of Pakistani and Bangladeshi families completing (attending ≥ 60% of) the adapted programme. Secondary outcomes included the proportion of all families completing the adapted programme, the feasibility of delivery of the programme, the programme’s acceptability to participants, the feasibility of trial processes and the feasibility of collection of outcome and cost data.ResultsThe proportion of Pakistani and Bangladeshi families and all families completing the adapted programme was 78.8% [95% confidence interval (CI) 64.8% to 88.2%] and 76.3% (95% CI 67.0% to 83.6%), respectively. The programme was feasible to deliver with some refinements and was well received. Ninety-two families participated in outcome data collection. Data collection was mostly feasible, but participant burden was high. Data collection on the cost of programme delivery was feasible, but costs to families were more challenging to capture. There was high attrition over the 6-month follow-up period (35%) and differential attrition in the two study arms (29% and 52% in the intervention and comparator arms, respectively).LimitationsThe study was not designed to address the issue of low participant uptake of children’s weight management programmes. The design of a future trial may include individual randomisation and a ‘minimal intervention’ arm, the acceptability of which has not been evaluated in this study.ConclusionsThe theoretically informed, culturally adapted children’s weight management programme was highly acceptable to children and families of all ethnicities. Consideration should be given to a future trial to evaluate clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the adapted programme, but the design of a future trial would need to address the logistics of data collection, participant burden and study attrition.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN81798055.FundingThis project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full inHealth Technology Assessment; Vol. 23, No. 33. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information. Kate Jolly is part-funded by the Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West Midlands.
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Getachew, Henok, Sara Dimic, and Stefan Priebe. "Is psychoeducation routinely provided in the UK? Survey of community mental health teams." Psychiatric Bulletin 33, no. 3 (March 2009): 102–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.bp.107.018077.
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Aims and MethodThe study aimed to assess the current provision of psychoeducation programmes for patients with mental illness in the UK. A postal questionnaire was sent randomly to 100 community mental health teams regarding the delivery and characteristics of psychoeducation programmes. Non-responders were contacted via telephone after 8 weeks.ResultsThe response rate was 87%. Eight services provided group psychoeducation, 40 provided individual psychoeducation within the care programme approach, and 39 did not provide any psychoeducation programme.Clinical ImplicationsPatients with mental illnesses have limited access to psychoeducation in routine care. Group programmes should perhaps be more widely implemented as a relatively low-cost intervention.
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Blanks, R. G., S. M. Moss, and M. G. Wallis. "Use of Two View Mammography Compared with One View in the Detection of Small Invasive Cancers: Further Results from the National Health Service Breast Screening Programme." Journal of Medical Screening 4, no. 2 (June 1997): 98–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096914139700400206.
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Objective— To examine further the effect of using two view mammography in comparison with one view mammography in the detection of small (<15 mm) invasive cancers for programmes in the National Health Service breast screening programme (NHSBSP). The study is in two parts: First the effect on the small invasive cancer detection rate for programmes that changed from using one view to two views for first (prevalent) screens, and secondly the effect on the small invasive cancer detection rate for programmes that used two views for subsequent (incident) screens compared with programmes that used one view. Setting— Screening programme data from the NHSBSP. Methods— Data were collated from all screening programmes in the United Kingdom on standard “Korner” returns (KC62 forms) for the screening years 1 April 1994 to 31 March 1995 and 1 April 199S to 31 March 1996. The comparison between one and two view mammography was made using indirectly age standardised invasive cancer detection rates. Results— For prevalent (first) screens, programmes changing from one view mammography in 1994/95 to two views in 1995/96 reported a 45% (95% confidence interval (CI) 25% to 68%) increase in the detection of invasive cancers of <15 mm. In comparison, programmes that were already using two views in 1994/95 showed no change in 1995/96. For incident (subsequent) screens the small number of programmes that have opted to use two views reported 25% (95% CI 1% to 55%) more invasive cancers of <15 mm than programmes using one view in 1995/96, and 42% (95% CI 11% to 81%) more in 1994/95. Conclusions— These results confirm the benefit of using two view mammography in the detection of small invasive cancers, and provide evidence that this effect is seen in subsequent screens as well as the first screen.
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Miranda, J. Jaime, Rosa Malca, Eduardo Bedriñana, and Efraín Loayza. "Culturally-based health promotion programmes." Lancet 359, no. 9302 (January 2002): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(02)07426-3.
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Conroy, Ronán M., and Michael Elmore-Meegan. "Culturally-based health promotion programmes." Lancet 359, no. 9302 (January 2002): 262–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(02)07427-5.
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Agrawal, VK. "National Health Programmes of India." Medical Journal Armed Forces India 62, no. 4 (October 2006): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-1237(06)80122-x.
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Ratnaike, R. N., and W. M. H. Goh. "Health programmes for the disadvantaged." Development in Practice 2, no. 3 (January 1992): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/096145249200078021.
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Knight, Teri. "Book Review: Health Improvement Programmes." Health Services Management Research 14, no. 1 (February 2001): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095148480101400109.
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Lefebvre, R. Craig. "Sustainability of health promotion programmes." Health Promotion International 7, no. 4 (1992): 239–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/7.4.239.
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Fojtikova, I., and K. Rovenska. "Radon programmes and health marketing." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 145, no. 2-3 (April 16, 2011): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncr083.
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