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Journal articles on the topic 'Heart rate asymmetry'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 23 June 2025

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1

Guzik, Przemysław, and Jarosław Piskorski. "Asymmetric properties of heart rate microstructure." Journal of Medical Science 89, no. 2 (2020): e436. http://dx.doi.org/10.20883/medical.e436.

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The duration of each cardiac cycle is measured on ECG as the distance between the peaks of consecutive R waves (RR interval). Its inverse value corresponds to the heart rate (HR) changing in a beat-to-beat manner. HR accelerations are reflected as the shortenings of RR intervals while HR decelerations as the lengthening of RR intervals. HR asymmetry is a physiological phenomenon caused by an unequal input of HR decelerations and accelerations to the HR variability. Naturally occurring consecutive values of RR intervals create time series which are composed of acceleration and deceleration runs of different length. Some examples are a single HR acceleration, a pair of HR decelerations, a run consisting of five consecutive HR decelerations or a run composed of eight accelerations in a row. These runs make up the so-called heart rate microstructure that has asymmetric properties due to unequal contribution of acceleration and deceleration runs. Asymmetry of HR microstructure is a physiological finding in healthy people. However, the asymmetric properties of HR microstructure have been shown to significantly alter in some clinical conditions such as myocardial infarction, obstructive sleep apnea, chronic obturatory pulmonary disease or sepsis in infants. An abnormal HR microstructure has predictive value in survivors of myocardial infarction or patients with clinical indications for exercise treadmill stress test, e.g., for total mortality. In this review, we present and explain how the asymmetric properties of HR microstructure can be quantified, and summarise available data on the clinical and predictive value of this phenomenon and its analysis.

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2

Zalas, Dominika, Waldemar Bobkowski, Jarosław Piskorski, and Przemysław Guzik. "Heart Rate Asymmetry in Healthy Children." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 3 (2023): 1194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12031194.

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Heart rate asymmetry (HRA) is a physiological phenomenon characterized by an unequal contribution of heart rate decelerations and accelerations to different heart rate variability (HRV) features. While HRA has been demonstrated in adults’ ECGs of different duration, a similar investigation in healthy children has not been conducted. This study investigated the variance- and number-based HRA features in 96 healthy children (50 girls and 46 boys, aged 3–18 years) using 24-h ECGs. Additionally, we studied sex differences in HRA. To quantify HRA, variance-based and relative contributions of heart rate decelerations to short-term (C1d), long-term (C2d), and total (CTd) HRV, and the number of all heartbeats (Nd) were computed. Heart rate decelerations contributed more to C1d, but less to C2d and CTd, and were less frequent than heart rate accelerations. Short-term HRA was better expressed in boys. The majority of children (93.7%) had short-term HRA, 88.5% had long-term HRA, 88.5% had total HRA, and 99.0% had more accelerations than decelerations. No sex differences were observed for the rate of various HRA features. Heart rate asymmetry is a common phenomenon in healthy children, as observed in 24-h ECGs. Our findings can be used as reference data for future clinical studies on HRA in children.

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3

Piskorski, Jaroslaw, and Przemyslaw Guzik. "Compensatory properties of heart rate asymmetry." Journal of Electrocardiology 45, no. 3 (2012): 220–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2012.02.001.

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4

Sibrecht, Greta, Jarosław Piskorski, Tomasz Krauze, and Przemysław Guzik. "Asymmetric Properties of the Heart Rate Microstructure in Healthy Adults during 48 h ECG Recordings." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 23 (2023): 7472. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12237472.

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Heart rate asymmetry reflects the different contributions of heart rate (HR) decelerations and accelerations to heart rate variability (HRV). We examined the contribution of monotonic runs of HR accelerations and decelerations to the asymmetric properties of the HR microstructure in the 48 h electrocardiograms (ECGs) of healthy adults (n = 101, 47 males, average age of 39 years) and analysed sex differences in the HR microstructure. The HR microstructure was asymmetric for runs of most lengths, except for sequences of two consecutive decelerations (DR2s) or accelerations (AR2s). Women had a higher prevalence of AR2s than men but fewer runs in the range of 4 to 11 consecutive accelerations (AR4–AR11s) and 5 to 11 consecutive decelerations (DR5–DR11s). The longest runs consisted of 47 consecutive accelerations (AR47s) and 27 consecutive decelerations (DR27s). More DR3s than AR3s and more DR4s than AR4s reveal a crossing of HR microstructure asymmetry. In conclusion, more acceleration than deceleration runs demonstrate that the HR microstructure was asymmetric in the 48 h ECGs. This phenomenon was present in both sexes but was more pronounced in men. For shorter runs of 3 and 4 consecutive heartbeats, there was a crossing of HR microstructure asymmetry, with more deceleration than acceleration runs.

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5

Karmakar, C. K., AH Khandoker, and M. Palaniswami. "Phase asymmetry of heart rate variability signal." Physiological Measurement 36, no. 2 (2015): 303–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0967-3334/36/2/303.

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6

Kaczmarek, Lukasz D., Maciej Behnke, Jolanta Enko, et al. "Effects of emotions on heart rate asymmetry." Psychophysiology 56, no. 4 (2019): e13318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/psyp.13318.

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7

Petelczyc, Monika, Jan Zebrowski, and Rafal Baranowski. "Heart rate variability asymmetry in stochastic analysis." Journal of Critical Care 27, no. 3 (2012): e5-e6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2012.01.022.

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8

Hejjel, László. "Heart rate variability and heart rate asymmetry analysis: does the inspiration/expiration ratio matter?" Journal of Applied Physiology 116, no. 6 (2014): 709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00013.2014.

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9

López-Justo, Carolina, Adriana Cristina Pliego-Carrillo, Claudia Ivette Ledesma-Ramírez, et al. "Differences in the Asymmetry of Beat-to-Beat Fetal Heart Rate Accelerations and Decelerations at Preterm and Term Active Labor." Sensors 21, no. 24 (2021): 8249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21248249.

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The fetal autonomic nervous system responds to uterine contractions during active labor as identified by changes in the accelerations and decelerations of fetal heart rate (FHR). Thus, this exploratory study aimed to characterize the asymmetry differences of beat-to-beat FHR accelerations and decelerations in preterm and term fetuses during active labor. In an observational study, we analyzed 10 min of fetal R-R series collected from women during active preterm labor (32–36 weeks of pregnancy, n = 17) and active term labor (38–40 weeks of pregnancy, n = 27). These data were used to calculate the Deceleration Reserve (DR), which is a novel parameter that quantifies the asymmetry of the average acceleration and deceleration capacity of the heart. In addition, relevant multiscale asymmetric indices of FHR were also computed. Lower values of DR, calculated with the input parameters of T = 50 and s = 10, were associated with labor occurring at the preterm condition (p = 0.0131). Multiscale asymmetry indices also confirmed significant (p < 0.05) differences in the asymmetry of FHR. Fetuses during moderate premature labor may experience more decaying R-R trends and a lower magnitude of decelerations compared to term fetuses. These differences of FHR dynamics might be related to the immaturity of the fetal cardiac autonomic nervous system as identified by this system response to the intense uterine activity at active labor.

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10

Guzik, Przemyslaw, Jaroslaw Piskorski, Tomasz Krauze, Andrzej Wykretowicz, and Henryk Wysocki. "Heart rate asymmetry by Poincaré plots of RR intervals." Biomedizinische Technik/Biomedical Engineering 51, no. 4 (2006): 272–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bmt.2006.054.

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11

Biczuk, Bartosz, Sebastian Żurek, Szymon Jurga, Elżbieta Turska, Przemysław Guzik, and Jarosław Piskorski. "Sleep Stage Classification Through HRV, Complexity Measures, and Heart Rate Asymmetry Using Generalized Estimating Equations Models." Entropy 26, no. 12 (2024): 1100. https://doi.org/10.3390/e26121100.

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This study investigates whether heart rate asymmetry (HRA) parameters offer insights into sleep stages beyond those provided by conventional heart rate variability (HRV) and complexity measures. Utilizing 31 polysomnographic recordings, we focused exclusively on electrocardiogram (ECG) data, specifically the RR interval time series, to explore heart rate dynamics associated with different sleep stages. Employing both statistical techniques and machine learning models, with the Generalized Estimating Equation model as the foundational approach, we assessed the effectiveness of HRA in identifying and differentiating sleep stages and transitions. The models including asymmetric variables for detecting deep sleep stages, N2 and N3, achieved AUCs of 0.85 and 0.89, respectively, those for transitions N2–R, R–N2, i.e., falling in and out of REM sleep, achieved AUCs of 0.85 and 0.80, and those for W–N1, i.e., falling asleep, an AUC of 0.83. All these models were highly statistically significant. The findings demonstrate that HRA parameters provide significant, independent information about sleep stages that is not captured by HRV and complexity measures alone. This additional insight into sleep physiology potentially leads to a better understanding of hearth rhythm during sleep and devising more precise diagnostic tools, including cheap portable devices, for identifying sleep-related disorders.

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12

Piskorski, J., and P. Guzik. "The structure of heart rate asymmetry: deceleration and acceleration runs." Physiological Measurement 32, no. 8 (2011): 1011–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0967-3334/32/8/002.

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13

Kramarić, Karolina, Matej Šapina, Matthieu Garcin, et al. "Heart rate asymmetry as a new marker for neonatal stress." Biomedical Signal Processing and Control 47 (January 2019): 219–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2018.08.027.

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14

Guzik, Przemyslaw, Jaroslaw Piskorski, Kokab Awan, Tomasz Krauze, Michael Fitzpatrick, and Adrian Baranchuk. "Obstructive sleep apnea and heart rate asymmetry microstructure during sleep." Clinical Autonomic Research 23, no. 2 (2013): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10286-013-0188-8.

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15

Hugdahl, Kenneth, and Mikael Franzon. "Heart-Rate Indices of Hemispheric Asymmetry in a Discrete-Trials Stroop-Paradigm." Perceptual and Motor Skills 64, no. 3_suppl (1987): 1203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1987.64.3c.1203.

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Heart-rate changes were recorded in a discrete-trials Stroop-paradigm where slides with color-words written in an incongruent color were briefly flashed (200 msec.) either to the left or to the right of a central fixation point. Subjects were required to attend only to the color, ignoring the color-word. The logic behind the paradigm is that a greater conflict should occur for the Stroop-words presented in the right visual half-field due to the relative inability of the left hemisphere to suppress the verbal information. By recording phasic heart-rate it would be possible to elucidate 1982 findings of Walker and Sandman that changes in heart-rate are differentially related to the right and left cerebral hemispheres. The results showed a significant initial deceleration during the first trialblock only to stimuli presented in the left half-field. Asymmetrical effects were demonstrated for heart-rate.

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16

Kurnianingtias, Mayesti, and Ardiyanto Ardiyanto. "Pengaruh faktor pengali asimetri terhadap kapasitas beban angkat perempuan Indonesia." Jurnal Teknosains 13, no. 1 (2023): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/teknosains.82631.

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Manual material handling can improve occupational diseases such as low back pain and musculoskeletal disorders. In an attempt to reduce the risk of injury as a result of such work, NIOSH published the recommended weight limit (RWL) equation. The RWL formulation was made with Europeans and Americans, so this research was conducted to see the suitability of the RWL formulation for Asians, especially Indonesians. The participants of this study were 30 Indonesian women students. The independent variable in this research is the asymmetry multiplier. The participants perform asymmetric lifting in 0, 30, 60, and 90 degrees with the frequency of 1 lift/min in a 30-minute duration. Other multiplier factors such as the vertical multiplier, distance multiplier, and coupling multiplier are made to have a value of 1. The weight of the load lifted by the respondent is adjusted to the maximum load that each respondent can lift comfortably, which is usually called the maximum acceptable weight of lift (MAWL). The heart rate data used for analysis is the heart rate in the last five minutes. In addition, respondents also filled out the Borg RPE scale. The results of this study were that the heart rate increased from an average resting heart rate of 83.12 beats/minute to 90.6 beats/minute. The statistical test results showed that there was no significant effect between asymmetry lifting tasks on heart rate, energy expenditure, and the Borg's Scale RPE (α = 0,05). Energy expenditure in this study is still below the threshold set by NIOSH. From this study, the predicted AM equation of physiological for Indonesian (energy expenditure) is AM = 1 - (0,0024A) and the predicted AM equation of RPE is AM = 1 - (0,0029A).

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17

KRESKA, ZITA, PÉTER MÁTRAI, BALÁZS NEMETH, et al. "Physical Vascular Therapy (BEMER) Affects Heart Rate Asymmetry in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease." In Vivo 36, no. 3 (2022): 1408–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21873/invivo.12845.

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18

Sibrecht, Greta, Jarosław Piskorski, Tomasz Krauze, and Przemysław Guzik. "Heart Rate Asymmetry, Its Compensation, and Heart Rate Variability in Healthy Adults during 48-h Holter ECG Recordings." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 3 (2023): 1219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12031219.

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Heart rate asymmetry (HRA) reflects different contributions of heart rate (HR) decelerations and accelerations to heart rate variability (HRV). In this study, we examined various properties of HRA, including its compensation and HRV, in 48-h electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings in healthy adults. Furthermore, we compared sex differences in parameters used to quantify HRA and HRV. Variance-based and relative HRA and HRV parameters were computed for Holter ECG recordings lasting up to 48 h in 101 healthy volunteers. The median age of the subjects was 39 years, with 47 of them being men. The prevalence of all forms of HRA was statistically different from randomness (p < 0.0001). Specifically, HR decelerations contributed >50% (C1d) to short-term HRA in 98.02% of subjects, while HR decelerations contributed <50% to long-term HRA in 89.11% of recordings and to total HRA in 88.12% of recordings. Additionally, decelerations accounted for <50% of all changing heartbeats (Porta’s index) in 74.26% of subjects, and HRA compensation was present in 88.12% of volunteers. Our findings suggest that various HRA features are present in most healthy adults. While men had more pronounced HRA expression, the prevalence of short-, long-term, and total HRA and its compensation was similar in both sexes. For HRV, values of variance-based indices were higher in men than in women, but no differences were found for relative measures. In conclusion, our study references HRA and HRV for longer ECG recordings of up to 48 h, which have become increasingly important in clinical ECG monitoring. The findings can help understand and compare the characteristics of HRA and HRV in patients with different diseases.

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19

Sibrecht, Greta, Tomasz Krauze, Renata Dobkowska, Andrzej Wykrętowicz, Jarosław Piskorski, and Przemysław Guzik. "Rationale, design and methods planned in a prospective study concerning the circadian rhythm of heart rate asymmetry in healthy subjects." Journal of Medical Science 89, no. 4 (2020): e492. http://dx.doi.org/10.20883/medical.e492.

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Heart rate asymmetry (HRA) is a physiological phenomenon caused by an unequal (asymmetric) contribution of heart rate decelerations and accelerations to the variability (variance) and microstructure of the heart rhythm of sinus origin. HRA has been studied in healthy people and patients with heart failure, diabetes, obstructive sleep apnoea, ischaemic heart disease, and survivors of myocardial infarction. HRA is a particular form of the heart rate variability (HRV) phenomenon related to the changes in the duration of cardiac cycles of sinus origin. HRV is influenced by physical activity, age, gender or time of day. It has been reported that HRA expression differs between day and night. However, its circadian rhythm has not been analysed so far. Moreover, the differences in HRA expression related to gender, level of physical activity or age have not been investigated either. With this study, we aim to explore the circadian rhythm of the HRA features, as well as the relation of the HRA expression to gender, physical activity, sleep pattern and body composition in a group of at least 100 healthy adults of both sexes aged between 19 and 60. This study might provide reference values for HRA as well as confirming or dismissing the existence of circadian rhythm of this physiological phenomenon.

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20

Shi, Ping, Anan Li, Liang Wu, and Hongliu Yu. "The effect of passive lower limb training on heart rate asymmetry." Physiological Measurement 43, no. 1 (2022): 015003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6579/ac43c1.

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Abstract Objective. Heart rate asymmetry (HRA) is an approach for quantitatively assessing the uneven distribution of heart rate accelerations and decelerations for sinus rhythm. We aimed to investigate whether automatic regulation led to HRA alternation during passive lower limb training. Approach. Thirty healthy participants were recruited in this study. The protocol included a baseline (Pre-E) and three passive lower limb training trials (E1, E2 and E3) with a randomized order. Several variance-based HRA variables were established. Heart rate variability (HRV) parameters, i.e. mean RR, SDNN, RMSSD, LF (n.u.), HF (n.u.) and VLF (ms2), and HRA variables, i.e. SD1a, SD1d, SD2a, SD2d, SDNNa and SDNNd, were calculated by using 5 min RR time series, as well as the normalized HRA variables, i.e. C1a, C1d, C2a, C2d, Ca and Cd. Main results. Our results showed that the performance of HRA was distinguished. The normalized HRA was observed with significant changes in E1, E2 and E3 compared to Pre -E. Moreover, parts of non-normalized HRA variables correlated with HRV parameters, which indicated that HRA might benefit in assessing cardiovascular modulation in passive lower limb training. Significance. In summary, this study suggested that passive training led to significant HRA alternation and the application of HRA gave us the possibility for autonomic assessment.

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21

Markov, N. S., K. S. Ushenin, Y. G. Bozhko, M. V. Arkhipov, and O. E. Solovyova. "Deriving electrophysiological phenotypes of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation based on the characteristics of heart rate variability." Kazan medical journal 102, no. 5 (2021): 778–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj2021-778.

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Aim. To analyze heart rate variability of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and identify electrophysiological phenotypes of the disease by using methods of exploratory analysis of twenty-four-hour electrocardiographic (Holter) recordings. Methods. 64 electrocardiogram recordings of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation were selected from the open Long-Term Atrial Fibrillation Database (repository PhysioNet). 52 indices of heart rhythm variability were calculated for each recording, including new heart rate fragmentation and asymmetry indices proposed in the last 5 years. Data analysis was carried out with machine learning methods: dimensionality reduction with principal component analysis, hierarchical clustering and outlier detection. Feature correlation was checked by the Pearson criterion, the selected patients subgroups were confirmed by using MannWhitney and Student's tests. Results. For the vast majority of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, heart rate variability can be described by five parameters. Each of these parameters captures a distinct approach in heart rate variability classification: dispersion characteristics of interbeat intervals, frequency characteristics of interbeat intervals, measurements of heart rate fragmentation, indices based on heart rate asymmetry, mean and median of interbeat intervals. Two large phenotypes of the disease were derived based on these parameters: the first phenotype is a vagotonic profile with a significant increase of linear parasympathetic indices and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation lasting longer than 4.5 hours; the second phenotype with increased sympathetic indices, low parasympathetic indices and paroxysms lasting up to 4.5 hours. Conclusion. Our findings indicate the potential of nonlinear analysis in the study of heart rate variability and demonstrate the feasibility of further integration of nonlinear indices for arrhythmia phenotyping.

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22

KUROSAKA, Chie, and Shinji MIYAKE. "1D4-1 Analysis of Heart Rate Asymmetry (HRA) during mental workload." Japanese Journal of Ergonomics 54, Supplement (2018): 1D4–1–1D4–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5100/jje.54.1d4-1.

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23

Karmakar, C. K., A. H. Khandoker, J. Gubbi, and M. Palaniswami. "Defining asymmetry in heart rate variability signals using a Poincaré plot." Physiological Measurement 30, no. 11 (2009): 1227–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0967-3334/30/11/007.

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24

Klintworth, Anne, Zénó Ajtay, Alina Paljunite, Sándor Szabados, and László Hejjel. "Heart rate asymmetry follows the inspiration/expiration ratio in healthy volunteers." Physiological Measurement 33, no. 10 (2012): 1717–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0967-3334/33/10/1717.

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25

Bulckaert, A., M. Vandekerckhove, T. Tambuyzer, et al. "Emotional heart rate component and frontal alpha asymmetry during REM sleep." International Journal of Psychophysiology 85, no. 3 (2012): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.07.088.

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26

Zebrowski, Jan J., Monika Petelczyc, Teodor Buchner, and Rafa Baranowski. "Stochastic analysis of heart rate variability: Respiration asymmetry and echocardiographic parameters." Journal of Critical Care 26, no. 2 (2011): e10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2010.12.037.

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27

Wang, Yong-Ping, Terry B. J. Kuo, Chun-Ting Lai, Jui-Wen Chu, and Cheryl C. H. Yang. "Effects of respiratory time ratio on heart rate variability and spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity." Journal of Applied Physiology 115, no. 11 (2013): 1648–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00163.2013.

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Paced breathing is a frequently performed technique for cardiovascular autonomic studies. The relative timing of inspiration and expiration during paced breathing, however, is not consistent. We, therefore, examined whether indexes of heart rate variability and spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity would be affected by the respiratory time ratio that is set. We studied 14 healthy young adults who controlled their breathing rates to either 0.1 or 0.25 Hz in the supine and sitting positions. Four different inspiratory-to-expiratory time ratios (I/E) (uncontrolled, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3) were examined for each condition in a randomized order. The results showed spectral indexes of heart rate variability and spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity were not influenced by the I/E that was set during paced breathing under supine and sitting positions. Porta's and Guzik's indexes of heart rate asymmetry were also not different at various I/E during 0.1-Hz breathing, but had larger values at 1:1 during 0.25-Hz breathing, although significant change was found in the sitting position only. At the same time, Porta's and Guzik's indexes obtained during 0.1-Hz breathing were greater than during 0.25-Hz breathing in both positions. The authors suggest that setting the I/E during paced breathing is not necessary when measuring spectral indexes of heart rate variability and spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity under the conditions used in this study. The necessity of paced breathing for the measurement of heart rate asymmetry, however, requires further investigation.

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28

Mina-Paz, Yecid, Victoria Noemí Santana-García, Luis Javier Tafur-Tascon, Moisés Arturo Cabrera-Hernández, Adriana Cristina Pliego-Carrillo, and José Javier Reyes-Lagos. "Analysis of Short-Term Heart Rate Asymmetry in High-Performance Athletes and Non-Athletes." Symmetry 14, no. 6 (2022): 1229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14061229.

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Heart rate asymmetry (HRA) refers to how asymmetrically the acceleration and deceleration patterns in heartbeat fluctuations are distributed. There is limited evidence regarding HRA changes in athletes and their association with autonomic regulation. This study aimed to compare the short-term HRA of high-performance athletes and non-athletes during an autonomic function test by calculating relevant HRA measures. This exploratory study obtained beat-to-beat RR interval time series from 15 high-performance athletes and 12 non-athletes during a standardized autonomic function test. This test includes rest, postural change, controlled respiration, prolonged orthostatism, exercise, and recovery phases. The following HRA parameters were computed from the RR time series for both groups: asymmetric spread index (ASI), slope index (SI), Porta’s index (PI), Guzik’s index (GI), and Ehlers’ index (EI). We found significant differences (p < 0.01) in the mean value of several HRA parameters between athletes and non-athletes and across the autonomic function test phases, mainly in postural change and recovery phases. Our results indicate that high-performance athletes manifest a higher number and magnitude of cardiac decelerations than non-athletes after an orthostatic challenge, as indicated by GI and EI. In addition, lower HRA was found in athletes in the recovery phase than in non-athletes, as indicated by ASI.

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29

Marwan, Norbert, Yong Zou, Niels Wessel, Maik Riedl, and Jürgen Kurths. "Estimating coupling directions in the cardiorespiratory system using recurrence properties." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 371, no. 1997 (2013): 20110624. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2011.0624.

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The asymmetry of coupling between complex systems can be studied by conditional probabilities of recurrence, which can be estimated by joint recurrence plots. This approach is applied for the first time on experimental data: time series of the human cardiorespiratory system in order to investigate the couplings between heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure and respiration. We find that the respiratory system couples towards the heart rate, and the heart rate towards the mean arterial blood pressure. However, our analysis could not detect a clear coupling direction between the mean arterial blood pressure and respiration.

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30

Bashkireva, Anastasia, Sergey Chibisov, Tatyana Bashkireva, Alexander Prutzkow, and Dmitriy Maksimov. "Application of a biomedical hardware-software complex for the study of ultradian rhythms by heart rate variability." BIO Web of Conferences 67 (2023): 03009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20236703009.

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The article presents the results of the study of ultradian rhythms by amplitudes (A) and periods (T) of spectral characteristics (HF, LF, VLF, ULF) of the heart rate variability method using the HOLTERLIVE software package in ISCIM6.0 statistical processing in men, participants in a trans latitudinal flight and landing on the Arctic islands. The analysis of THF and TLF of the shows the symmetry and stability of adaptive reactions, while the range of ultra-slow (TVLF) and ultra-slow (TULF) waves shows the asymmetry and instability of the adaptive processes of the body of participants in a trans-latitude flight and landing on the Arctic islands. The transitions of the amplitude (A) and periods (T) of the power of harmonics from symmetry to asymmetry revealed in the examined people characterize the transitional states in the regulation's control of the heart rhythm.

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31

Romanchuk, A. P., O. V. Guzii, and A. V. Maglyovanyi. "Comparative Characteristics of Sensorimotor Reactions of Highly Qualified Athletes with Different Types of Heart Rate Regulation." Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu 6, no. 5 (2021): 456–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.26693/jmbs06.05.456.

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The purpose of the study was a comparative analysis of sensorimotor reactions in highly trained athletes with different types of heart rate regulation. Materials and methods. 202 highly trained male athletes aged 22.6±2.8 years, who are engaged in acyclic sports – martial arts (karate, taekwondo, kickboxing, boxing, freestyle wrestling, Greco-Roman wrestling, judo, sambo) and games (water polo, soccer) were examined. The experience in sports was 10.3±3.1 years. All studies were conducted in the pre-competition period in the morning. Based on the study of heart rate variability in athletes, the type of heart rate regulation was determined. The basis for determining the types of regulation is the classification of heart rate variability indicators, taking into account their inclusion in certain limits. Heart rate variability indicators that reflect the dual-circuit model of heart rate regulation and are used for diagnosis include: total heart rate variability – total power (ms2), very low frequency (ms2), and stress-index (e.u.), which reflect the various chains of regulatory effects on heart rate. According to certain data types, 4 groups were formed. 1 group (type I) consisted of 42 athletes, 2 (type II) – 28 athletes, 3 (type III) – 88 athletes, 4 (type IV) – 44 athletes. The study of sensorimotor function was performed using the device KMM-3. Results and discussion. It is shown that the most balanced sensorimotor reactions are in athletes with type III regulation of heart rate. The most strain sensorimotor reactions are observed in type II regulation of heart rate, which is reflected in the pronounced central asymmetry of movement control with acceleration to the left against the background of deteriorating accuracy of right (due to flexors) and left (due to extensors) limbs, and the right-hand predominance. Sensorimotor reactions are quite strain in type IV of heart rate regulation, which is characterized by slow reactions at the synaptic and peripheral levels. In type I of heart rate regulation, the disorders observed at the central level of regulation relate to the asymmetry of short-term motor memory processes, which are significantly reduced in the left hemisphere. Conclusion. The study shows that the differences in the regulatory support of heart rate in highly qualified athletes are accompanied by characteristic differences in sensorimotor function. The latter can be useful for the diagnosis and further correction of conditions associated with the development of overexertion and overtraining

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Born, Dennis-Peter, Christoph Zinner, Britta Herlitz, Katharina Richter, Hans-Christer Holmberg, and Billy Sperlich. "Muscle Oxygenation Asymmetry in Ice Speed Skaters: Not Compensated by Compression." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 9, no. 1 (2014): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2012-0210.

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Purpose:The current investigation assessed tissue oxygenation and local blood volume in both vastus lateralis muscles during 3000-m race simulations in elite speed skaters on ice and the effects of leg compression on physiological, perceptual, and performance measures.Methods:Ten (6 female) elite ice speed skaters completed 2 on-ice trials with and without leg compression. Tissue oxygenation and local blood volume in both vastus lateralis muscles were assessed with near-infrared spectroscopy. Continuous measures of oxygen uptake, ventilation, heart rate, and velocity were conducted throughout the race simulations, as well as blood lactate concentration and ratings of perceived exertion before and after the trials. In addition, lap times were assessed.Results:The investigation of tissue oxygenation in both vastus lateralis muscles revealed an asymmetry (P < .00; effect size = 1.81) throughout the 3000-m race simulation. The application of leg compression did not affect oxygenation asymmetry (smallest P = .99; largest effect size = 0.31) or local blood volume (P = .33; 0.95). Lap times (P = .88; 0.43), velocity (P = .24; 0.84), oxygen uptake (P = .79; 0.10), ventilation (P = .11; 0.59), heart rate (P = .21; 0.89), blood lactate concentration (P = .82; 0.59), and ratings of perceived exertion (P = .19; 1.01) were also unaffected by the different types of clothing.Conclusion:Elite ice speed skaters show an asymmetry in tissue oxygenation of both vastus lateralis muscles during 3000-m events remaining during the long gliding phases along the straight sections of the track. Based on the data, the authors conclude that there are no performance-enhancing benefits from wearing leg compression under a normal racing suit.

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Piskorski, J., J. Ellert, T. Krauze, W. Grabowski, A. Wykretowicz, and P. Guzik. "Testing heart rate asymmetry in long, nonstationary 24 hour RR-interval time series." Physiological Measurement 40, no. 10 (2019): 105001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6579/ab42d5.

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Karmakar, Chandan, Yoshitaka Kimura, Marimuthu Palaniswami, and Ahsan Khandoker. "Analysis of fetal heart rate asymmetry before and after 35 weeks of gestation." Biomedical Signal Processing and Control 21 (August 2015): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2015.05.010.

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Amrute, Junedh M., David Zhang, William M. Padovano, and Sándor J. Kovács. "E-wave asymmetry elucidates diastolic ventricular stiffness-relaxation coupling: model-based prediction with in vivo validation." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 320, no. 1 (2021): H181—H189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00650.2020.

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Although diastolic stiffness and relaxation are considered independent chamber properties, the cardio-hemic inertial oscillation that generates E-waves obeys Newton’s law. E-waves vary with heart rate requiring simultaneous change in stiffness and relaxation. By retrospective analysis of human heart-rate varying transmitral Doppler-data, we show that diastolic stiffness and relaxation are coupled and that the coupling manifests through E-wave asymmetry, quantified through a parametrized diastolic filling model-derived dimensionless parameter, which only depends on deceleration time and acceleration time, readily obtainable via standard echocardiography.

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Loeb, J. M., J. M. deTarnowsky, M. R. Warner, and C. C. Whitson. "Dynamic interactions between heart rate and atrioventricular conduction." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 249, no. 3 (1985): H505—H511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1985.249.3.h505.

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We examined the beat-by-beat alterations in atrioventricular (AV) conduction time that accompany both linear and abrupt changes in heart rate (HR). We used alpha-chloralose-anesthetized and autonomically decentralized dogs (n = 10) and recorded electrocardiogram (ECG), arterial pressure, and electrograms from sinus node, right ventricle, and His bundle. Abrupt or linear HR changes of known slope were generated by computer and displayed graphically with AV interval as a function of time. HR was increased linearly from 10 to 110 beats/min above control over 15, 30, and 60 s and then decreased in a linear fashion. AV interval was dependent on direction of HR change with marked asymmetry between increases and decreases in HR. Similar data were apparent irrespective of whether the decrease followed the increase or vice versa. To study determinants of 1:1 conduction, HR was increased linearly by 200 beats/min above control over 15, 30, and 60 s. As rate of change of HR increased, 1:1 conduction continued to a higher HR; however, the last conducted AV interval was negatively correlated with rate of change of HR. Abrupt sustained increases in HR of 25, 50, 75, and 100% above control resulted in marked accommodation of AV interval only at higher levels of HR. Thus in the absence of autonomic neural tone, 1) cardiac cycle length is not associated with a fixed AV interval but is dependent on magnitude and direction of HR change; and 2) the HR at which 1:1 AV conduction fails is significantly altered by the rate of change of HR.

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Shvyrkov, M. B. "GUNSHOT WOUNDS OF FACE AND FUNCTIONAL DISORDERS." Russian Journal of Dentistry 21, no. 3 (2017): 152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1728-2802-2017-21-3-152-157.

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With gunshot wounds person observed serious violations of the cardiovascular system. In 83,3% of the wounded was detected: deafness heart sounds, blood pressure instability with a tendency to hypotension, lability of heart rate, tachycardia, heart rhythm disturbances caused by changes in automaticity sino-atrial node, excitability and conduction of cardiac impulse, myocardial hypoxia, metabolic disorders. In wounds of the upper jaw to the EEG revealed a violation of brain biocurrents as gipersinhronizatsii and distribution of basic rhythm, dysrhythmia and reduced reactivity to afferent stimuli, hemispheric asymmetry.

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Lattari, Eduardo, Eduardo Portugal, Renato Sobral Monteiro Junior, et al. "Acute Affective Responses and Frontal Electroencephalographic Asymmetry to Prescribed and Self-selected Exercise." Clinical Practice & Epidemiology in Mental Health 12, no. 1 (2016): 108–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1745017901612010108.

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Objective: Our goal was to compare affective responses and frontal electroencephalographic alpha asymmetry induced by prescribed exercise (PE) and self-selected exercise (SS). Method: Twenty active participants underwent a submaximal exercise test to estimate maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). Participants enrolled a cross-over randomized study where each participant completed three conditions: PE (50%PVO2max), SS and Control. The electroencephalography was performed before and after exercise. The feeling scale, felt arousal scale and heart rate were recorded before, during and after each condition. The ratings of perceived exertion were recorded during and after each condition. Results: The heart rate and ratings of perceived exertion showed higher values in the PE and SS conditions compared to controls, with no differences between the PE and SS conditions. For the feeling scale, the SS presented higher values compared to the PE and Control conditions. The felt arousal scale presented higher values in the PE and SS conditions compared to control. There was no interaction between condition and moment, or main effect for condition and moment for frontal alpha asymmetry (InF4-InF3). Conclusion: The SS provided better affective responses compared to PE, thus can consider self-selected intensity as an appropriate option. In general, no frontal alpha asymmetry was seen due to an exercise intervention.

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Xavier, Carlos Henrique, Mirza Irfan Beig, Danielle Ianzer, Marco Antônio Peliky Fontes, and Eugene Nalivaiko. "Asymmetry in the control of cardiac performance by dorsomedial hypothalamus." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 304, no. 8 (2013): R664—R674. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00401.2012.

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Dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) plays a key role in integrating cardiovascular responses to stress. We have recently reported greater heart rate responses following disinhibition of the right side of the DMH (R-DMH) in anesthetized rats and greater suppression of stress-induced tachycardia following inhibition of the R-DMH in conscious rats [both compared with similar intervention in the left DMH (L-DMH)], suggesting existence of right/left side asymmetry in controlling cardiac chronotropic responses by the DMH. The aim of the present study was to determine whether similar asymmetry is present for controlling cardiac contractility. In anesthetized rats, microinjections of the GABAA antagonist bicuculline methiodide (BMI; 40 pmol/100 nl) into the DMH-evoked increases in heart rate (HR), left ventricular pressure (LVP), myocardial contractility (LVdP/d t), arterial pressure, and respiratory rate. DMH disinhibition also precipitated multiple ventricular and supraventricular ectopic beats. DMH-induced increases in HR, LVP, LVdP/d t, and in the number of ectopic beats dependent on the side of stimulation, with R-DMH provoking larger responses. In contrast, pressor and respiratory responses did not depend on the side of stimulation. Newly described DMH-induced inotropic responses were rate-, preload- and (largely) afterload-independent; they were mediated by sympathetic cardiac pathway, as revealed by their sensitivity to β-adrenergic blockade. We conclude that recruitment of DMH neurons causes sympathetically mediated positive chronotropic and inotropic effects, and that there is an asymmetry, at the level of the DMH, in the potency to elicit these effects, with R-DMH > L-DMH.

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Guzik, Przemyslaw, Bartosz Zuchowski, Krzysztof Blaszyk, et al. "Asymmetry of the Variability of Heart Rate and Conduction Time Between Atria and Ventricles." Circulation Journal 77, no. 12 (2013): 2904–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1253/circj.cj-13-0461.

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Visnovcova, Z., M. Mestanik, M. Javorka, et al. "Complexity and time asymmetry of heart rate variability are altered in acute mental stress." Physiological Measurement 35, no. 7 (2014): 1319–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0967-3334/35/7/1319.

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Karmakar, Chandan, Ahsan Khandoker, and Marimuthu Palaniswami. "Investigating the changes in heart rate asymmetry (HRA) with perturbation of parasympathetic nervous system." Australasian Physical & Engineering Sciences in Medicine 35, no. 4 (2012): 465–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13246-012-0173-x.

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Singh, Himanshu, M. Sabarimalai Manikandan, and Ram Bilas Pachori. "Compressed ECG sensing based heart rate asymmetry analysis for energy-constrained fast health monitoring." Biomedical Signal Processing and Control 95 (September 2024): 106423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2024.106423.

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Kirchner, A. "Sex differences and lateral asymmetry in heart rate modulation in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 73, no. 1 (2002): 73–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.73.1.73.

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De Pascalis, Vilfredo, and Maria Perrone. "EEG asymmetry and heart rate during experience of hypnotic analgesia in high and low hypnotizables." International Journal of Psychophysiology 21, no. 2-3 (1996): 163–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-8760(95)00050-x.

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Wang, Yong-Ping, Terry B. J. Kuo, and Cheryl C. H. Yang. "A possible explanation for the effects of respiration on heart rate and blood pressure asymmetry." International Journal of Cardiology 174, no. 3 (2014): 805–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.04.152.

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Pan, Qing, Gongzhan Zhou, Ruofan Wang, et al. "The degree of heart rate asymmetry is crucial for the validity of the deceleration and acceleration capacity indices of heart rate: A model-based study." Computers in Biology and Medicine 76 (September 2016): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2016.06.017.

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Cherapkina, L. P. "The cortical and extra-cortical bioelectrical processes determining the neurobiofeedback success and efficiency of sportsmen." Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 9, no. 2 (2010): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2010-2-78-82.

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The changes of the functional condition of the 35 highly qualified sportsmen, neurodynamic and its changes of the frequency characteristic of the heart rate in the background recording during open and closed eyes before and after 15-days neurobiofeedback course is analyzed. It is discovered, that the functional left hemisphere asymmetry was typical for sportsmen having the quiet wakefulness condition according the power of all main rhythms of the EEG. It is defined, that the predictor of the training efficiency is the theta-rhythm power in the recording during open eyes. The VLF-wave and the HF-wave middle power of the heart rate frequency and probably the hormonal cycle of women body have the material effect to training success.

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Watanabe, Hiroshi, Seiryo Sugiura, and Toshiaki Hisada. "The looped heart does not save energy by maintaining the momentum of blood flowing in the ventricle." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 294, no. 5 (2008): H2191—H2196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00041.2008.

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Previous studies suggested that the reconstruction or maintenance of physiological blood flow paths in the heart is important to obtain a good outcome following cardiac surgery, but this concept has no established theoretical foundation. We developed a multiscale, multiphysics heart simulator, based on the finite element method, and compared the hemodynamics of ventricles with physiological and nonphysiological flow paths. We found that the physiological flow path did not have an energy-saving effect but facilitated the separation of the outflow and inflow paths, so avoiding any mixing of the blood. The work performed by the ventricular wall was comparable at slower and faster heart rates (physiological vs. nonphysiological, 0.864 vs. 0.874 J, heart rate = 60 beats/min; and 0.599 vs. 0.590 J, heart rate = 100 beats/min), indicating that chiral asymmetry of the flow paths in the mammalian heart has minimal functional merit. At lower heart rates, the blood coming in the first beat was cleared almost completely by the ninth beat in both models. However, at high heart rates, such complete clearance was observed only in the physiological model, whereas 27.0% of blood remained in the nonphysiological model. This multiscale heart simulator provided detailed information on the cardiac mechanics and flow dynamics and could be a useful tool in cardiac physiology.

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Lagast, S., H. De Steur, S. Gadeyne, et al. "Heart rate, electrodermal responses and frontal alpha asymmetry to accepted and non-accepted solutions and drinks." Food Quality and Preference 82 (June 2020): 103893. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodqual.2020.103893.

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