Relevant bibliographies by topics / Heat pump cycle calculation

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Heat pump cycle calculation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 May 2022
Last updated: 29 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Heat pump cycle calculation"

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Bosiy, Mykola, and Olexandr Kuzyk. "Heat Pump Cycle Efficiency for Heat Supply." Central Ukrainian Scientific Bulletin. Technical Sciences, no. 3(34) (October 2020): 136–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32515/2664-262x.2020.3(34).136-142.

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The aim of the article is to analyze the literature and scientific publications on the effectiveness of the heat pump in heat supply systems and to study the efficiency of using the steam compression cycle of a heat pump in a heat supply system. Тo conduct energy and exergy analysis of heat pump efficiency indicators, the working fluid of which is freon R134a, when using natural waters as a source of low-potential thermal energy. The article analyzes the literature sources and scientific publications on the effectiveness of the heat pump in heat supply systems. The results of research of efficiency of application of the heat pump in systems of heat supply at use of natural waters as a source of low-potential thermal energy are presented. Energy and exergy analysis of heat pump efficiency indicators, the working fluid of which is R134a freon, was performed. The energy efficiency of the heat pump cycle was determined by the conversion factor of the heat pump. The thermodynamic efficiency of the heat pump in heat supply systems was evaluated using exergetic efficiency, which is one of the main indicators of the efficiency of heat pump processes and cycles. The calculation of energy indicators of the heat pump, such as: specific heat load in the evaporator and condenser, as well as the conversion factor of the heat pump. The calculation of exergetic efficiency for ambient temperature from +10 to -10 ºC. Thus, the energy and exergy analysis of the efficiency of the heat pump, the working fluid of which is Freon R134a with a conversion factor = 4.8. This indicates that the heat pump is a reliable, highly efficient, environmentally friendly source of energy for use in heating systems. A heat pump heating system will always consume less primary energy than traditional heating systems if natural water is used as a low-temperature heat source for the heat pump. The efficiency of the steam compression cycle of the heat pump largely depends on the temperature of low-potential heat sources. The use of HV in heating systems reduces greenhouse gas emissions compared to conventional types of heat supply, which is relevant to the ecological state of the environment.
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Abildinova, S. K., R. A. Musabekov, A. S. Rasmukhametova, and S. V. Chicherin. "Evaluation of the Energy Efficiency of the Stage Compression Heat Pump Cycle." ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations 62, no. 3 (June 3, 2019): 293–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1029-7448-2019-62-3-293-302.

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The increase in production and modernization of existing heat pumps are global trends in the development and implementation of heat pump technology. Application of refrigerant with zero potential ozone depletion relative to fluorinetrichloromethane and minimum values of global warming potentials relative to carbon dioxide is environmentally justified in pumps. Prospective are stage compression heat pump units and, also, consecutive and cascade schemes of inclusion which provide higher temperature of the heat carrier in the system of heat supply. Improving the efficiency of the heat pump depends on the perfection of the thermodynamic cycle, on the choice of the working agent and on the quality of the operation of the unit in off-design conditions of a temperature mode. The article presents the results of a study of the performance of stage compression heat pump. The concepts of application of the heat pump of two-stage compression of the working agent are formulated. Experimental researches has been fulfilled with the use of Altal GWHP26Н heat pump of 24.2 kW capacity operating on an eco-friendly refrigerants of R134a and R600а. The results of comparative calculation of performance indicators of one- and two-stage heat pumps are presented. Various schemes of realization of a thermodynamic cycle for one- and two-stage heat pumps are considered. The efficiency of two-stage heat pumps that implement thermodynamic cycle with supercooling of condensate and regeneration of steam heat of the working agent has been proved. The two-stage thermodynamic cycle of the heat pump is accompanied by minimal losses during the throttling of the liquid refrigerant, and it solves the problem of useful heat use to increase the temperature of the heated coolant for heating and hot water supply systems. Steam regeneration of the working agent at the outlet from the evaporator through the use of regenerative heat exchanger also provides the additional effect of minimization of thermodynamic losses and improving efficiency of cycles with vapor compression heat pumps in the conditions of large temperature differences in the evaporator and the condenser.
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Anikina, Irina, and Vyacheslav Suslov. "Influence of heat pumps inclusion in deaeration scheme of heating network make-up water on the operating modes of the TPP." MATEC Web of Conferences 245 (2018): 15004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824515004.

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The idea of using a heat pump in the heating cycle seems quite attractive at first glance, but requires careful analysis of the effect of the heat pump on the operation mode of the thermal power plant. In this work we analyze the influence of the heat pumps inclusion in deaeration schemes of heating network make-up water on the operating modes of the CHP. All calculations were made for the real scheme of the de-aeration plant DSV-800 of the power unit with a T-100 turbine. The calculations were carried out for three schemes of heat pumps of different capacities. The calculations took into the account various uses of the heat received from the heat pumps.
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Kotov, Boris, Vladimir Grishchenko, Yuriy Pantsir, and Igor Garasimchuk. "MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF TECHNOLOGICAL MODES OF HEAT-PUMPING SYSTEMS FOR TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES." Vibrations in engineering and technology, no. 2(101) (June 29, 2021): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2306-8744-2021-2-9.

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One of the ways to increase the energy efficiency of the process of heat supply of technological facilities and production facilities of the agro-industrial complex is the use of heat pumps. Their use allows to increase the energy potential of heat carriers. To optimize the mode parameters and create systems for automatic control of the heat pump installation, it is necessary to establish a relationship between the parameters of the processes occurring in the elements of the installation by creating a mathematical model of non-stationary thermal modes. In the analysis of recent studies and publications, it is established that the calculations of processes in heat pumps are presented mainly for stationary modes of operation without taking into account the dynamics of the condenser. If the dynamic modes of individual elements are given, then they are described by mathematical models of considerable complexity, which greatly complicates their practical implementation. In the article, the heat pump installation, as an object of modeling, is considered as a physical system, which consists of four series-connected elements: evaporator, condenser, compressor, throttle valve forming a closed circuit. The principle of operation of a simple heat pump installation is explained by the scheme and schedule of the theoretical cycle of the steam compressor heat pump. To simplify the mathematical model, certain assumptions were made: the change in the parameters of liquid, vapor and air varies in a straight line, the thermophysical characteristics of the material of heat exchangers, air and vapor flows, heat transfer coefficients do not depend on temperature and are average for the cycle. On the basis of thermal and material balance the corresponding differential equations which make mathematical model of dynamics of change of parameters of the heat exchanger have been made. The mathematical model is supplemented by a simulation model in the MatLAB / Simulink computer environment, as well as graphical interpretations of dynamic characteristics. The developed mathematical model of dynamics of thermal processes in the heat pump installation can be used for calculation of parameters of heating and cooling of streams of heat carriers and creation of system of automatic control of them.
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Wolf, Magdalena, Thomas Detzlhofer, and Tobias Proll. "A comparative study of industrial heat supply based on second-law analysis and operating costs." Thermal Science 22, no. 5 (2018): 2203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci171228217w.

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In this paper, the thermodynamic and economic efficiency of three different heat supply processes are compared, based on exergy flows and costs of heat. A gas turbine process with a heat recovery boiler, a gas and steam turbine combined cycle process and a high temperature heat pump system recovering waste heat are analysed. The aim is to provide heat as 4 bar(abs) saturated steam. The economic analysis bases on the comparison of the consumption-related costs of heat, the capital-related costs of heat, and the operation-related costs of heat. The results show that the heat pump system has higher exergetic efficiency than the gas turbine or the gas turbine combined cycle process. For the consumption related costs, the economic calculation shows that the operation of a heat pump, working with a coefficient of performance of four and for a natural gas price of 25 ?/MWh, is the cheapest way of heat production as long as the electricity price is lower than 45 ?/MWh. For the period from January 2013 until June 2016 the total costs of heat, based on real gas and electricity prices from the European Energy Exchange, are calculated and analysed. The results show that the share of heat provided by the heat pump system varies between 45% and 76%. Especially in 2013 and 2014, the economic conditions for operating heat pumps were very good. Since October 2015 the natural gas prices have seen a decrease which favours industrial heat supply with combined heat and power systems.
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Pikra, Ghalya, and Nur Rohmah. "Comparison of single and double stage regenerative organic rankine cycle for medium grade heat source through energy and exergy estimation." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 8, no. 2 (June 13, 2019): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.8.2.141-148.

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Regenerative organic Rankine cycle (RORC) can be used to improve organic Rankine cycle (ORC) performance. This paper presents a comparison of a single (SSRORC) and double stage regenerative organic Rankine cycle (DSRORC) using a medium grade heat source. Performance for each system is estimated using the law of thermodynamics I and II through energy and exergy balance. Solar thermal is used as the heat source using therminol 55 as a working fluid, and R141b is used as the organic working fluid. The initial data for the analysis are heat source with 200°C of temperature, and 100 L/min of volume flow rate. Analysis begins by calculating energy input to determine organic working fluid mass flow rate, and continued by calculating energy loss, turbine power and pump power consumption to determine net power output and thermal efficiency. Exergy analysis begins by calculating exergy input to determine exergy efficiency. Exergy loss, exergy destruction at the turbine, pump and feed heater is calculated to complete the calculation. Energy estimation result shows that DSRORC determines better net power output and thermal efficiency for 7.9% than SSRORC, as well as exergy estimation, DSRORC determines higher exergy efficiency for 7.69%. ©2019. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved
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Sergeyev, Vitaliy, Irina Anikina, Konstantin Kalmykov, and Ivan Naletov. "Efficiency of using heat pumps with various refrigerants in real steam turbine power units with PT-80 and T-250 turbines." E3S Web of Conferences 140 (2019): 10001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201914010001.

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Prospects for increasing the efficiency of heat and electric energy-generation and heat-and-power supply at thermal power plants obviously draw attention to such modern and innovative technologies as heat pumps. Heat pumps allow efficient redistribution of energy flows. The abundance of low-potential heat carriers and heat sources in the cycle arrangement of the thermal power plants operation requires modernization of production and increase of the fuel heat utilization factor, therefore, reduction of specific fuel consumption for the production of heat and electricity. This paper analyzes the influence and practicability of introducing heat pumps into the heating circuit of the return water of the heat network of power units with PT-80 and T-250 turbines. Heat pumps of various configurations provide invariant energy conversion factor and efficiency. To assess energy and economic efficiency, modeling of the operation of power units and calculation of heat pump circuits for various refrigerants are performed. The economic effect is represented in quarterly cash savings of operating costs.
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Antipov, Yuriy, Ivan Shatalov, Kirill Shkarin, Georgiy Polischuk, Igor Danilov, Anna Barybina, Yana Ogneva, and Pavel Morozov. "MODELING AN EFFECTIVE SOLUTION FOR THE UTILIZATION OF SECONDARY ENERGY RESOURCES OF CCGT UNIT ON THE EXAMPLE OF CCGT-420T CHPP-16." Modeling of systems and processes 13, no. 3 (December 7, 2020): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2219-0767-2020-13-3-10-15.

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Nowadays, improving the efficiency of power plants by utilizing secondary energy resources is gaining more attention in the energy sector. In this paper, the combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT-420T) was considered, where exhaust heat from the main and auxiliary equipment is utilized, and sent to a water supply system through a closed-circuit heat exchanger, as a result, the heat transferred (Q = 6.4 MW) is rejected into the environment through a cooling tower. Moreover, an effective modelling method for utilizing heat in a closed cycle, using a steam compressing heat pump unit (HPU) is proposed. In addition, a calculation of the effectiveness of utilizing secondary energy resources depending on the number of HPU stages.
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Hu, Xiao Wei, Yu Feng Zhang, Li Li Wei, and Xin Hui Wu. "Calculation on Energy Saving Potential of a New Dry-Type Air-Conditioning System." Advanced Materials Research 756-759 (September 2013): 4388–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.756-759.4388.

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Temperature and humidity independent control can be made by a new dry-type air-conditioning system, the combination of silica gel rotor and heat pump. Heat pump cycle can simultaneously cool the process air and heat the regeneration air, so it can cancel each other out in the cold and heat energy consumption within the system. This novel form of system not only solves the regeneration energy issues fundamentally but also avoids energy waste by reheating in conventional cooling dehumidification air-conditioning system. Based on the establishment of the component model, MATLAB program has been compiled to simulate the combined system running at nominal operating conditions and calculate the performance parameters and energy efficiency. Comparison of the energy efficiency was made of this dry-type air-conditioning system with ones of other regeneration desiccant wheel air conditioning system and conventional cooling dehumidification air-conditioning system, the results of which show that the new dry-type system provided regeneration energy, overcomes the restriction from climate, region and using conditions of other regeneration. Moreover, compared with conventional re-heat air-conditioning system, its energy saving is up to 35.1% and the energy efficiency is increased by 38.1%.
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Ahmed, Kaiser, Jevgeni Fadejev, and Jarek Kurnitski. "Modeling an Alternate Operational Ground Source Heat Pump for Combined Space Heating and Domestic Hot Water Power Sizing." Energies 12, no. 11 (June 3, 2019): 2120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12112120.

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This study developed an alternate operational control system for ground source heat pumps (GSHP), which was applied to determine combined space heating and domestic hot water (DHW) power equations at design temperature. A domestic GSHP with an alternate control system was implemented in a whole building simulation model following the heat deficiency for space heating based on degree minute counting. A simulated GSHP system with 200 L storage tank resulted in 13%–26% power reduction compared to the calculation of the same system with existing European standards, which required separate space heating and DHW power calculation. The periodic operation utilized the thermal mass of the building with the same effect in the case of light and heavy-weight building because of the very short cycle of 30 min. Room temperatures dropped during the DHW heating cycle but kept within comfort range. The developed equations predict the total power as a function of occupancy, peak and average DHW consumption with variations of 0%–2.2% compared to the simulated results. DHW heating added the total power in modern low energy buildings by 21%–41% and 13%–26% at design temperatures of −15 °C and −26 °C, respectively. Internal heat gains reduced the power so that the reduction effect compensated the effect of DHW heating in the case of a house occupied by three people. The equations could be used for power sizing of any heat pump types, which has alternate operation principle and hydronic heating system.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Heat pump cycle calculation"

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Колесник, Н. С. "Оптимізація енергоефективності системи теплопостачання приватного житлового будинку." Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2021. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/86617.

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У роботі виконано розрахунок циклу теплового насосу для контролю клімат системи приватного житлового будинку, а також опис обладнання У результаті розрахунку було підібрано модель і потужність та кількість теплових насосів для енергоефективної роботи. У результаті розрахунку було прийнято два теплові насоси ESVMO-SF-MF-140(3). Також було виконано економічний розрахунок та розрахунок заземлення приміщення тепло генераторної від ураження електричним струмом.
В работе выполнен расчет цикла теплового насоса для контроля климата системы частного жилого дома. В результате расчета была подобрана модель и мощность и количество тепловых насосов для энергоэффективной работы. В результате расчета было принято два тепловых насоса ESVMO-SF-MF-140(3). Также был выполнен экономический расчет и расчет заземления помещения теплогенераторной от поражения электрическим током.
The calculation of the heat pump cycle for climate control of a private house system is performed in the work. As a result of the calculation, the model and capacity and number of heat pumps for energy efficient operation were selected. As a result of the calculation, two heat pumps ESVMO-SF-MF-140 (3) were adopted. An economic calculation was also performed and calculation of grounding of the heat generator room from electric shock.
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Molyneaux, Glenn Arthur. "Resorption cycle heat pump with ammonia-water working fluid." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326335.

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Dahlqvist, Johan. "Impulse Turbine Efficiency Calculation Methods with Organic Rankine Cycle." Thesis, KTH, Kraft- och värmeteknologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-104174.

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A turbine was investigated by various methods of calculating its efficiency. The project was based on an existing impulse turbine, a one-stage turbine set in an organic Rankine cycle with the working fluid being R245fa. Various methods of loss calculation were explored in the search for a method sufficiently accurate to make valid assumptions regarding the turbine performance, while simple enough to be time efficient for use in industrial research and development.  The calculations were primarily made in an isentropic manner, only taking into account losses due to the residual velocity present in the exit flow. Later, an incidence loss was incorporated in the isentropic calculations, resulting in additional losses at off-design conditions. Leaving the isentropic calculations, the work by Tournier, “Axial flow, multi-stage turbine and compressor models” was used. The work presents a method of calculating turbine losses separated into four components: profile, trailing edge, tip clearance and secondary losses. The losses applicable to the case were implemented into the model. Since the flow conditions of the present turbine are extreme, the results were not expected to coincide with the results of Tournier. In order to remedy this problem, the results were compared to results obtained through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) of the turbine. The equations purposed by Tournier were correlated in order to better match the present case. Despite that the equations by Tournier were correlated in order to adjust to the current conditions, the results of the losses calculated through the equations did not obtain results comparable to the ones of the available CFD simulations. More research within the subject is necessary, preferably using other software tools.
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Santoso, Moeljadi Christensen Richard Neils. "An alternative configuration of Rankine cycle engine-driven heat pump system /." Connect to resource, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1144698627.

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Santoso, Moeljadi. "An alternative configuration of Rankine cycle engine-driven heat pump system." The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1144698627.

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Siviter, Jonathan Peter. "Increasing the efficiency of the Rankine cycle using a thermoelectric heat pump." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2014. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5802/.

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Thermal plants operating on the Rankine cycle are by far the most common method of global electrical power generation. The Rankine cycle, first developed in the late 19th century, continues to this day to be one of the most important practical implementations of a heat engine. Innovation and enhancement of the cycle continues and today's emphasis is directed towards reduced carbon emissions from the combustion of fossil fuel as well as improvement of the absolute efficiency. This thesis presents an increase in the Rankine cycle efficiency through reducing the waste heat rejected from the process by the use of a thermoelectric heat pump. A thermoelectric heat pump converts a flow of electrical charge carriers to a flow of thermal energy via phonon transport through a semiconductor lattice, described by the Peltier effect. The heat flux through the device can be modulated by varying the electrical voltage and current applied to the semiconductor. Unlike a conventional heat pump, however, the direction of heat transport is determined by the direction of migration of the charge carriers. The efficiency with which the device operates is determined by complex relationship amongst the differential temperature across the device, the geometry of the semiconductor pellets forming the device and the electrical current flow. Peltier effect devices are typically used in small-scale refrigerators, on high-power lasers to aid cooling and to maintain the wavelength stability of optical communications networks. In this thesis the application of a heat pump to recover a portion of the waste thermal energy normally rejected from the Rankine cycle process after the re-condensation of feedwater in the condenser of a steam turbine is considered. Firstly, a theoretical statement of the required Coefficient of Performance for economic operation of such a system is derived. This is followed by an experimental investigation to determine if the calculated performance is available using today's thermoelectric technology point. The thesis then presents a rigourous analysis of novel experimental apparatus used to characterise the impact of redirecting enthalpy normally rejected from the process to instead reducing the fuel load to the plant and concludes with an assessment of the economic benefits such a heat pump system would bring.
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Oelofse, Stephanus Phillipus. "An investigation into the performance of a Rankine-heat pump combined cycle / Stephanus Phillipus Oelofse." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9185.

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The global growth in electricity consumption and the shortcomings of renewable electricity generation technologies are some of the reasons why it is still relevant to evaluate the performance of power conversion technologies that are used in fossil fuel power stations. The power conversion technology that is widely used in fossil fuel power stations is the Rankine cycle. The goal of this study was to determine if the efficiency of a typical Rankine cycle can be improved by adding a heat pump as a bottoming cycle. Three simulation models were developed to perform this evaluation. The first is a simulation model of a Rankine cycle. A quite detailed Rankine cycle configuration was evaluated. The simulation model was used to determine the heating requirements of the heat pump cycle as well as its operating temperature ranges. The efficiency of this Rankine cycle was calculated as 43.05 %. A basic vapour compression cycle configuration was selected as the heat pump of the combined cycle. A simulation model of the vapour compression cycle and the interfaces with the Rankine cycle was developed as the second simulation model. Working fluids that are typically used in vapour compression cycles cannot be used for this application, due to temperature limitations. The vapour compression cycle’s simulation model was therefore also used to calculate the coefficient of performance (COP) for various working fluids in order to select a suitable working fluid. The best cycle COP (3.015 heating) was obtained with ethanol as working fluid. These simulation models were combined to form the simulation model of the Rankine-heat pump combined cycle. This model was used to evaluate the performance of the combined cycle for two different compressor power sources. This study showed that the concept of using steam turbine or electrical power to drive a compressor driven vapour compression cycle in the configuration proposed here does not improve the overall efficiency of the cycle. The reasons for this were discovered and warrant future investigation.
Thesis (MIng (Mechanical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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Underwood, C. P. "An investigation into the dynamic thermal modelling and capacity control of the absorption cycle heat pump." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375116.

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Yildiz, Ilhami. "Simulation of greenhouse microclimates and environmental control strategies using a Rankine cycle heat pump /." Connect to resource, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1145453202.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 1993.
Advisor: Dennis P. Stombaugh, Dept. of Agricultural Engineering. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 213-226). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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Quinn, Matthew Vincent. "The development of a capacity controlled advanced cycle air source heat pump for domestic retrofit applications." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.592665.

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Domestic heating for the majority of the housing stock within the UK and Ireland use a fossil fuel boiler, oil or gas, within a central heating system distributing heat to the living space through hydronic radiators. Current trends show a rise in the price of fossil fuels (through an increasing global demand) which is having a direct impact on the individual and the economy, increasing the price of all commodities through increased transportation costs and increasing the cost of energy (heating and electricity). The increasing costs and the environmental impact associated with the burning of fossil fuels are therefore driving the need for more renewable/more energy efficient means of supplying heat. Utilising a reversed Rankine cycle heat pump is a proven, well established method of providing high energy efficient heat transfer from a low temperature source to a high temperature sink through the manipulation of a working fluid about a pressure differential. The temperature and pressure differential across the compressor, have a large impact on the system performance. The aim of this work was to develop an air to water heat pump as an alternative to the fossil fuel boiler whilst using the existing heat distribution system and comparable water temperatures. This system could therefore be retrofitted into the majority of the existing housing stock providing an affordable energy efficient solution to the majority of homeowners whilst reducing national greenhouse gas emissions. An advanced cycle Economised Vapour Injection heat pump was utilised to improve the system efficiency when compared with a conventional system for the high temperature and pressure lift retrofit application. The COP was improved for the EVI cycle across the range of conditions tested. Between the minimum and maximum pressure differentials, the EVI cycle provided a performance improvement of between 1% and 27%. An off-the-shelf inverter was coupled to the BVI compressor to provide capacity control. The inverter-motor combination was evaluated detailing the maximum and minimum frequency limits. The heat pump performance was then evaluated between these limits comparing both the EVI and conventional cycles. As the frequency/compressor RPM was reduced, the improvement for the EVI cycle with respect to the conventional increased. The transient characteristics and the control strategies of the systems were evaluated showing large reductions of the start-up time-frame and power consumption when using the EV} cycle at increased speeds. When compare:d with the conventional cycle at 50Hz (nominal frequency), the maximum energy and time sav ings were 45% and 64%, respectively. This work concludes that th is set-up, using a nominal single speed compressor with an off-theshelf inverter is not ideal and creates reliability issues; however, it also highlights the potential benefits achievable when utilising capacity control which can be optimised by maximising the load matching range with a dedicated variable speed compressor.
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Books on the topic "Heat pump cycle calculation"

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Molyneaux, Glenn Arthur. Resorption cycle heat pump with ammonia-water working fluid. [s.l: The Author], 2000.

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Bailey, P. B. A free piston expander for a direct fired Rankine cycle heat pump. [s.l.]: typescript, 1986.

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Publications in heat pump and power cycle technology up to December 1988. [Salford]: University of Salford, Department of Chemical andGas Engineering, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Heat pump cycle calculation"

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Åhlby, L., and D. Hodgett. "The Compression-Absorption Cycle: A High-Temperature Application." In Applications and Efficiency of Heat Pump Systems, 59–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-30179-1_6.

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Bouguelia, A., H. Desmorieux, J. Labidi, and P. Le Goff. "An Open Cycle Absorption Heat Pump: A System for Drying Agricultural Products." In Applications and Efficiency of Heat Pump Systems, 149–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-30179-1_14.

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Kaushik, Shubhash C., Sudhir K. Tyagi, and Pramod Kumar. "Finite Time Thermodynamics of Rankine Cycle Airconditioning and Heat Pump Cycles." In Finite Time Thermodynamics of Power and Refrigeration Cycles, 203–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62812-7_9.

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Mundhra, Raghav, and Achintya Mukhopadhyay. "Thermodynamic Analysis of Irreversible Reversed Brayton Cycle Heat Pump with Finite Capacity Finite Conductance Heat Reservoirs." In Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 763–75. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0124-1_69.

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Shimada, Yutaro, Youhei Uchida, Hideaki Kurishima, and Koji Tokimatsu. "Influence of Thermal Conductivity and Subsurface Temperature on Life-Cycle Environmental Load of the Ground Source Heat Pump in Bangkok, Thailand." In Sustainable Production, Life Cycle Engineering and Management, 441–53. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6775-9_29.

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Bartnik, Ryszard, and Zbigniew Buryn. "Algorithm for the Calculation of an Optimum Structure of Heat Exchangers for the Modernization of a 370 MW Power Unit to Combined Heat and Power Cycle." In Conversion of Coal-Fired Power Plants to Cogeneration and Combined-Cycle, 61–67. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-856-0_4.

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SUGANAMI, Takuya, Kazuhiko KAWAJIRI, and Tetsuya HONDA. "Vuilleumier Cycle Heat Pump." In Heat Pumps, 585–94. Elsevier, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-040193-5.50068-7.

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"Organic Rankine Cycle (Binary) Geothermal Power Plants." In Geothermal Heat Pump and Heat Engine Systems, 399–417. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118961957.ch14.

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Javed, S., and J. D. Spitler. "Calculation of borehole thermal resistance." In Advances in Ground-Source Heat Pump Systems, 63–95. Elsevier, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-100311-4.00003-0.

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KAMOSHIDA, J., Y. HIRATA, N. ISSHIKI, K. KATAYAMA, and K. SATO. "Thermodynamic Analysis of Resorption Heat Pump Cycle Using Water-Multicomponent Salt Mixture." In Heat Pumps, 545–54. Elsevier, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-040193-5.50064-x.

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Conference papers on the topic "Heat pump cycle calculation"

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Stevens, James W. "Intermittent Convective Heat Transfer for Ground-Source Heat Pump Design." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-1307.

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Abstract An accurate estimate of the heat transfer from a buried pipe to the surrounding ground is essential for the design of the ground loop portion of a ground-source heat pump. Exact analytical solutions to this problem are complicated by the fact that heat pump systems rarely operate continuously. Complete numerical simulations of system designs can be carried out, but these are unwieldy and difficult to justify for initial scoping calculations, or for preliminary performance estimates. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of simple algebraic correlations that can be used to approximate the intermittent overall heat transfer between a fluid flowing in an isolated buried pipe and the surrounding ground. The correlations described in this paper were drawn from results of a numerical finite-difference analysis of a fluid flowing intermittently in a single round pipe and exchanging heat with the surrounding ground. The two-dimensional analysis was carried out for ranges of the parameters of intermittence factor, thermal diffusivity of the ground, and convective heat transfer coefficient at the fluid-wall interface. The surrounding ground is unbounded for the purposes of the analysis. The dimensionless heat transfer can be easily related to the overall thermal resistance between the flowing fluid and the ground far from the buried pipe. It is found that the cycle average heat transfer is always lower for the intermittent case than for the continuous case, but that the average over just the active part of the cycle is always higher for any intermittent case than for the continuous case. The effect of the ground thermal diffusivity is largest when the heat transfer coefficient is large, and decreases with decreasing heat transfer coefficient. The range of heat transfer coefficients where isothermal wall conditions are approached is illustrated. Correlations for the operating average and cycle average total heat transfer are presented as functions of the thermal diffusivity, intermittence factor, and heat transfer coefficient.
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Zhang, Houcheng, Lanmei Wu, and Guoxing Lin. "Performance Optimization and Parametric Design of an Irreversible Solar-Driven Three Source Heat Pump." In ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer and InterPACK09 Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2009-90189.

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An irreversible solar-driven heat pump system operating among three heat sources at different temperatures is investigated, in which not only finite-rate heat transfer between the cycle working fluid and the three heat sources but also the internal irreversibility inside the cyclic working fluid, the radiation heat loss of the solar collector are taken into account. Based on thermodynamics analysis method and the optimal control theory, the relation between the overall coefficient of performance (COP) of the solar-driven three source heat pump system and the operating temperature of the solar collector is derived. An optimal matching between the solar collector and the three source heat pump is determined and the optimal operating temperature of the solar collector is explored. Furthermore, the influences of the radiation heat loss of the collector, the internal irreversibility and the comprehensive factor, etc. on the performance characteristic of the solar-driven three source heat pump system are analyzed and evaluated. By means of the numerical value calculation, the optimal design parameters and performance characteristics of the solar-driven three source heat pump system are discussed in detail. The results obtained may provide some theoretical references for the parametric design and performance evaluation of solar-driven absorption/adsorption heat pumps.
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Cafaro, Silvio, Alberto Traverso, Aristide F. Massardo, and Roberto Bittarello. "Bottoming Cycle Performance in Large Size Combined Cycle Power Plants—Part A: Health Monitoring System." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59060.

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This research is focused on the monitoring and diagnostic of the bottoming cycle (BC) of a large size combined cycle, composed by a three pressure level HRSG (Heat Recovery Steam Generator), a three expansion level steam turbine and auxiliary pumps. An original Matlab software was developed, which is composed by two parts: the first calculates HRSG performance, while the second is focused on the calculation of the steam turbines performance, at different power plant operating conditions. In the first part a complete HRSG performance analysis is carried out: it consists of the calculation of each heat exchanger performance and health. The direct result of this analysis is the definition of Non Dimensional Performance Indexes (NDPI) for each heat exchanger, which define the instant degradation of each component, through the comparison between the “actual” and the “expected” effectiveness. The second part calculates steam turbines performance. Two NDPIs are defined: one referred to the high pressure steam turbine and the other referred to the middle-low pressure steam turbine. The performance indexes are calculated comparing the actual expansion efficiency with the expected one. The NDPI previously defined will be used to monitor plant degradation, to support plant maintenance, and to assist on-line troubleshooting. Each performance parameter is coupled with an accuracy factor, which allows to determine the best parameters to be monitored and to define the related tolerance due to measurement errors. The methodology developed has been successfully applied to historical logged data (2 years) of an existing large size (400 MW) combined cycle, demonstrating the capabilities in estimating the degradation of the BC performance throughout plant life.
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Kretzschmar, H. J., I. Stoecker, I. Jaehne, S. Herrmann, and M. Kunick. "Property Libraries for Working Fluids for Calculating Heat Cycles, Turbines, Heat Pumps, and Refrigeration Processes." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-42033.

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The program libraries developed for calculating the thermophysical properties of working fluids can be used by engineers who routinely calculate heat cycles, steam or gas turbines, boilers, heat pumps, or other thermal or refrigeration processes. Thermodynamic properties, transport properties, derivatives, and inverse functions can be calculated. Today gas turbines are being developed for higher and higher temperatures and pressures. However, the calculation of the combustion gas as an ideal gas mixture will be inaccurate at high pressures. For this reason, a property library has been developed for humid combustion gases calculated as an ideal mixture of real fluids. The advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage technology requires very accurate algorithms for the thermodynamic and transport properties of humid air at low temperatures and high pressures. At these parameters, humid air cannot be calculated as an ideal gas mixture. For this reason, a property library with real gas algorithms has been developed. The following properly libraries will be presented: LibHuGas for humid combustion gas mixtures at high pressures calculated as an ideal mixture of real fluids. The library also includes mixtures of steam and carbon dioxide. The dissociation at high temperatures, the poynting effect, and the condensation of water are considered as well. LibHuAir for humid air at high pressures calculated as an ideal mixture of the real fluids dry air, steam and water or ice. The dissociation at high temperatures and the poynting effect are taken into consideration. LibAmWa for mixtures of ammonia and water in the Kalina cycle and in absorption refrigeration processes. LibWaLi for mixtures of water and lithium bromide in absorption refrigeration processes. LibldGas for combustion gas mixtures calculated as an ideal mixture of ideal gases using the VDI-Guideline 4670. LibIdAir for humid air calculated as an ideal mixture of the ideal gases dry air and steam using the VDI-Guideline 4670. LibIdGasMix for 25 ideal gases and their mixtures. LibIF97 for water and steam calculated from the Industrial Formulation IAPWS-IF97 and all new backward equations of the four supplementary releases adopted by IAPWS between 2001 and 2005. LibCO2 for carbon dioxide. LibNH3 for ammonia. LibR134a for the refrigerant R134a. LibPropane for propane. LibButane_Iso and LibButane_n for Iso- and n-butane. LibHe for helium. LibH2 for hydrogen. The libraries contain the most accurate algorithms for thermodynamic and transport properties. The following software solutions will also be presented: - DLLs for Windows® applications. - Add-In FluidEXL for Excel®. - Add-On FluidLAB for MATLAB®. - Add-On FluidMAT for Mathcad®. - Properly libraries for HP, TI, and Casio pocket calculators. Student versions of all programs are available.
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Parrondo, Jorge, Juan Antun˜a, and Jose´ I. Prieto. "Computation of the Unstable Behavior of a Hydraulic Circuit With a Centrifugal Pump Coupled to an Air Pocket." In ASME 2005 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2005-77362.

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A theoretical and experimental study is presented on the mass oscillation instability in hydraulic systems with entrapped gas pockets and pumps with positive slope in the head curve. In order to simulate these systems, the one-dimensional unsteady equations for compressible liquid flow were solved by means of a suitable calculation algorithm, based on the method of characteristics. Additionally, a series of laboratory tests was conducted on a conventional centrifugal pump that operated in a circuit with a dead end and different amounts of entrapped air. In accordance with the predictions of the theoretical model, instability was found to develop with limit cycle pressure oscillations of frequency dependent on the trapped air amount.
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Dragunov, Alexey, Eugene Saltanov, Igor Pioro, Glenn Harvel, and Brian Ikeda. "Study on Primary and Secondary Heat-Transport Systems for Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactor." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-16014.

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One of the current engineering challenges is to design next generation (Generation IV) Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) with significantly higher thermal efficiencies (43–55%) compared to those of current NPPs to match or at least to be close to the thermal efficiencies reached at fossil-fired power plants (55–62%). The Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor (SFR) is one of the six concepts considered under the Generation IV International Forum (GIF) initiative. The BN-600 reactor is a sodium-cooled fast-breeder reactor built at the Beloyarsk NPP in Russia. This concept is the only one from the Generation IV nuclear-power reactors, which is actually in operation (since 1980’s). At the secondary side, it uses a subcritical-pressure Rankine-steam cycle with heat regeneration. The reactor generates electrical power in the amount of 600 MWel. The reactor core dimensions are 0.75 m (height) by 2.06 m (diameter). The UO2 fuel enriched to 17–26% is utilized in the core. There are 2 loops (circuits) for sodium flow. For safety reasons, sodium is used both in the primary and the intermediate circuits. Therefore, a sodium-to-sodium heat exchanger is used to transfer heat from the primary loop to the intermediate one. In this work major parameters of the reactor are listed. The actual scheme of the power-conversion heat-transport system is presented; and the results of the calculation of thermal efficiency of this scheme are analyzed. Details of the heat-transport system, including parameters of the sodium-to-sodium heat exchanger and main coolant pump, are presented. In this paper two possibilities for the SFR in terms of the power-conversion cycle are investigated: 1. a subcritical-pressure Rankine-steam cycle through a heat exchanger (current approach in Russian and Japanese power reactors); 2. a supercritical-pressure CO2 Brayton gas-turbine cycle through a heat exchanger (US approach). With the advent of modern super-alloys, the Rankine-steam cycle has progressed into the supercritical region of the coolant and is generating thermal efficiencies into the mid 50% range. Therefore, the thermal efficiency of a supercritical Rankine-steam cycle is also briefly discussed in this paper. According to GIF, the Brayton gas-turbine cycle is under consideration for future nuclear power reactors. The supercritical-CO2 cycle is a new approach in the Brayton gas-turbine cycle. Therefore, dependence of the thermal efficiency of this SC CO2 cycle on inlet parameters of the gas turbine is also investigated.
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Dhanasegaran, Radheesh, Antti Uusitalo, and Teemu Turunen-Saaresti. "Dynamic Modelling of Small Scale and High Temperature ORC System Using Simulink and CoolProp." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-15314.

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Abstract In the present work, a dynamic model has been developed for the small-scale high-temperature ORC experimental test rig at the LUT University that utilizes waste heat from a heavy-duty diesel engine exhaust. The experimental facility consists of a high-speed Turbogenerator, heat exchanger components such as recuperator, condenser, and evaporator with a pre-feed pump to boost the working fluid pressure after the condensation process constituting a cycle. The turbogenerator consists of a supersonic radial-inflow turbine, a barske type main-feed pump, and a permanent magnet type generator components connected on a single shaft. Octamethyltrisiloxane (MDM) is the chosen organic working fluid in this cycle. Matlab-Simulink environment along with the open-source thermodynamic and transport database Cool-Prop has been chosen for calculating the thermodynamic properties of the dynamic model. A functional parameter approach has been followed for modeling each block component by predefined input and output parameters, aimed at modeling the performance characteristics with a limited number of inputs for both design and off-design operations of the cycle. The dynamic model is validated with the experimental data in addition to the investigation of exhaust gas mass flow regulation that establishes a control strategy for the dynamic model.
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Chiriac, Victor, and Florea Chiriac. "Miniaturized Refrigeration System With Absorption: Application to Microelectronics Cooling." In ASME 2007 InterPACK Conference collocated with the ASME/JSME 2007 Thermal Engineering Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2007-33726.

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The study develops an analytical model of an optimized small scale refrigeration system using a thermo-chemical compressor, with application to the cooling of the electronic components populating a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) in a High-Power Microelectronics System. This work continues the authors’ previous study of a refrigeration system with mechanical compression and ejector compression [1–3]. However, the present study introduces the thermo-chemical compressor, comprised of an absorber-desorber unit, also known as refrigeration with absorption. This is a viable alternative to the mechanical compression systems, providing an improved feasibility and reliability at smaller scales. The proposed system includes miniaturized refrigeration components, designed to fit smaller scale power electronics, and uses a binary water-ammonia solution, compact heat exchangers with meso-channels and hydrogen as compensation gas in order to eliminate the circulation pump. The efficiency of the system is evaluated and further compared to mechanical compression designs at similar cooling powers. The study also discusses the thermodynamic cycle specifics and provides an extensive analytical evaluation and calculation of each miniaturized component design. The COP of the system is ∼ 0.4 – 0.5. The study is concluded by identifying the pros and cons of implementing such an absorption system to real-life microelectronics applications. The advantages of the optimized refrigeration design are highlighted, establishing a performance vs. size comparison to vapor-compression refrigerators, to serve as the basis for the enhanced cooling of future miniaturized refrigeration applications.
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Campanari, Stefano, Luca Boncompagni, and Ennio Macchi. "Microturbines and Trigeneration: Optimization Strategies and Multiple Engine Configuration Effects." In ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2002-30417.

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This paper investigates energy savings and economic aspects related to the use of microturbine generators in commercial buildings either for cogeneration (electricity+heat) or for trigeneration (electricity, heat and cold). In all calculations, reference is made to a 25 kWel–class commercial micro-turbine generator (MTG), tested by the authors. Various plant schemes are considered, based on one or several MTG sets. The possibility of generating heat and/or cold also by an electrically driven inverse-cycle air-to-water heat pump/chiller system is also considered. Calculations are based on the simulation code TRIGEN developed by the authors. The code provides detailed energy, economic and emission yearly balances. The plant operating mode is optimized in each time interval. The results indicate that, due to large load variations, (i) the optimum turbine nominal output is in the range of about 70% of the electric peak demand, (ii) energy savings are marginal, (iii) advantages related to splitting the overall capacity on more than one unit are marginal and (iv) the addition of an absorption machine improves the plant economics.
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Vidmar, Robert J. "Improvements to Converting Moist Air Into Water and Power." In ASME 2009 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2009-81023.

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Moist air conversion to water and power by a system that uses atmospheric water vapor as its fuel is described. Water vapor is separated from moist air using a vapor separation barrier system. This system has atmospheric pressure on one side of the barrier and the opposite side has a low pressure maintained by the inlet of a vacuum pump/compressor system. The pressure difference across the barrier promotes water-vapor transport through the barrier into the vacuum-pump inlet. Additional compression is necessary to raise the water-vapor pressure and temperature to values appropriate for efficient energy transfer and condensation. The magnitude of compression depends on the ambient water-vapor concentration that varies with location and season. Intercooling between compressors and the magnitude of compression are issues. In this paper the use of a two-compressor system without intercooling is developed and applied to Miami, FL, during the summer. Output power calculations are modeled as an improved Rankine-cycle with reheaters, regenerators, and feedwater heating to improve overall cycle efficiency. The net power output for a water-vapor throughput of 1 kg/s (2.204 lbm/s) is +151.1 kW (+515.5 kBtu/hr) with the water discharged from the system as a liquid. A turbine-based power extraction system is described that uses the warmed cooling fluid flowing from the steam condenser following the main turbine for power production. This system converts approximately 1% of the heat from the condenser into power. System calculations are specific to humid coastal areas, such as Miami, FL.
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Reports on the topic "Heat pump cycle calculation"

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Groll, E. A., and R. Radermacher. Advanced heat pump cycle. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6141029.

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Groll, E. A., and R. Radermacher. Advanced heat pump cycle. Final performance report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10168188.

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Patch, K., F. DiBella, J. Glick, and F. Becker. Open cycle heat pump development for local resource use. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6728101.

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McTigue, Joshua, Pau Farres-Antunez, Alexander White, Christos Markides, Janna Martinek, Jennie Jorgenson, Ty Neises, and Mark Mehos. Integrated Heat Pump Thermal Storage and Power Cycle for CSP: Final Technical Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1855976.

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Radermacher, R. Advanced heat pump cycle for district heating and cooling systems. Second quarterly progress report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10116173.

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Shen, Bo, and Jeffrey D. Munk. Life cycle cost analysis comparing redesigned CCHP to existing heat pump systems for cities in cold climates. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1557497.

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Yong X. Tao and Yimin Zhu. Analysis of Energy, Environmental and Life Cycle Cost Reduction Potential of Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) in Hot and Humid Climate. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1039050.

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DiBella, F., F. E. Becker, and J. Glick. Open cycle heat pump development for local resource use Phase II district heating case study analysis: Progress report, 1 January 1989--30 March 1989. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6269271.

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Johra, Hicham. Performance overview of caloric heat pumps: magnetocaloric, elastocaloric, electrocaloric and barocaloric systems. Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau467469997.

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Heat pumps are an excellent solution to supply heating and cooling for indoor space conditioning and domestic hot water production. Conventional heat pumps are typically electrically driven and operate with a vapour-compression thermodynamic cycle of refrigerant fluid to transfer heat from a cold source to a warmer sink. This mature technology is cost-effective and achieves appreciable coefficients of performance (COP). The heat pump market demand is driven up by the urge to improve the energy efficiency of building heating systems coupled with the increase of global cooling needs for air-conditioning. Unfortunately, the refrigerants used in current conventional heat pumps can have a large greenhouse or ozone-depletion effect. Alternative gaseous refrigerants have been identified but they present some issues regarding toxicity, flammability, explosivity, low energy efficiency or high cost. However, several non-vapour-compression heat pump technologies have been invented and could be promising alternatives to conventional systems, with potential for higher COP and without the aforementioned refrigerant drawbacks. Among those, the systems based on the so-called “caloric effects” of solid-state refrigerants are gaining large attention. These caloric effects are characterized by a phase transition varying entropy in the material, resulting in a large adiabatic temperature change. This phase transition is induced by a variation of a specific external field applied to the solid refrigerant. Therefore, the magnetocaloric, elastocaloric, electrocaloric and barocaloric effects are adiabatic temperature changes in specific materials when varying the magnetic field, uniaxial mechanical stress, electrical field or hydrostatic pressure, respectively. Heat pump cycle can be built from these caloric effects and several heating/cooling prototypes were developed and tested over the last few decades. Although not a mature technology yet, some of these caloric systems are well suited to become new efficient and sustainable solutions for indoor space conditioning and domestic hot water production. This technical report (and the paper to which this report is supplementary materials) aims to raise awareness in the building community about these innovative caloric systems. It sheds some light on the recent progress in that field and compares the performance of caloric systems with that of conventional vapour-compression heat pumps for building applications.
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Brayton-cycle solvent recovery heat pump. A technical brief. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10103899.

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