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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Heat pumps; CHP; Domestic

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Academic literature on the topic 'Heat pumps; CHP; Domestic'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Heat pumps; CHP; Domestic"

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de Santoli, Livio, Gianluigi Lo Basso, Davide Astiaso Garcia, Giuseppe Piras, and Giulia Spiridigliozzi. "Dynamic Simulation Model of Trans-Critical Carbon Dioxide Heat Pump Application for Boosting Low Temperature Distribution Networks in Dwellings." Energies 12, no. 3 (February 2, 2019): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12030484.

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This research investigates the role of new hybrid energy system applications for developing a new plant refurbishment strategy to deploy small scale smart energy systems. This work deals with a dynamic simulation of trans-critical carbon dioxide heat pump application for boosting low temperature distribution networks to share heat for dwellings. Heat pumps provide high temperature heat to use the traditional emission systems. The new plant layout consists of an air source heat pump, four trans-critical carbon dioxide heat pumps (CO2-HPs), photovoltaic arrays, and a combined heat and power (CHP) for both domestic hot water production and electricity to partially drive the heat pumps. Furthermore, electric storage devices adoption has been evaluated. That layout has been compared to the traditional one based on separated generation systems using several energy performance indicators. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis on the primary energy saving, primary fossil energy consumptions, renewable energy fraction and renewable heat, with changes in building power to heat ratios, has been carried out. Obtained results highlighted that using the hybrid system with storage device it is possible to get a saving of 50% approximately. Consequently, CO2-HPs and hybrid systems adoption could be a viable option to achieve Near Zero Energy Building (NZEB) qualification.

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Marcic, Simon, Rebeka Kovacic-Lukman, and Peter Virtic. "Hybrid system solar collectors - heat pumps for domestic water heating." Thermal Science 23, no. 6 Part A (2019): 3675–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci180314187m.

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This paper deals with the use of solar energy, heat pumps, and solar system-heat pump combinations for domestic water heating. The testing of solar tiles, flat plate collectors as an autonomous system, as well as flat plate collector-heat pump and solar tile-heat pump combinations, are presented. Black-coloured water absorbs solar radiation flows through solar tiles made of transparent polymethyl methacrylate (CH2C(CH3)COOCH3). At the same time, solar tiles are used as a roof covering and as a solar radiation collector. Hot water from solar tiles or a flat plate collector is directed to the heat pump, which increases the temperature of water entering the boiler heating coil. The heat of water heated in solar tiles or in flat plate collectors serves as a source of energy for the heat pump. Since the goal was realistically evaluate the efficiency of solar tiles in comparison with the flat plate collector, extensive measurements of both systems under identical condition were carried out. The experiments were carried out in rainy, cloudy, and clear weather.

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Zheng, Peijun, Peng Liu, and Yeqi Zhang. "Economic Assessment and Control Strategy of Combined Heat and Power Employed in Centralized Domestic Hot Water Systems." Applied Sciences 11, no. 10 (May 11, 2021): 4326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11104326.

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With the increasing application of CHP and an industry transition to distributed energy, it is necessary to make a comprehensive economic analysis and comparison of the entire lifetime of CHP from the net present value (NPV), payback period, and cost-saving ratio (CSR). Five systems, including micro-CHP, gas boiler (GB), air-source heat pump (ASHP), domestic gas-fired heater and domestic electric hot water-heater, are simulated. First, this paper takes annual heat use efficiency (AHUE) into account to compare the economy of each domestic hot water (DHW) system. The results show that a domestic gas-fired heater system is the most economical option in the AHUE of 31.28%. The economic influence of CHP and gas-fired heater under different AHUE are then analyzed. The results show that the DHW system based on CHP is the best when the AHUE is more than 55.35%. Finally, three different operation strategies of CHP are considered in this paper. From the perspective of annual energy cost and payback, the internal combustion-based CHP with thermal energy system (TES) is superior to the other two strategies being studied. Considering the optimal economic benefits, the CSR of the three different operation strategies is 41.3%, 69.69% and 69.77%, respectively.

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Porteiro, J., J. L. Mı́guez, S. Murillo, and L. M. López. "Feasibility of a new domestic CHP trigeneration with heat pump: II. Availability analysis." Applied Thermal Engineering 24, no. 10 (July 2004): 1421–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2004.01.007.

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Few, P. C., M. A. Smith, and J. W. Twidell. "Modelling of a combined heat and power (CHP) plant incorporating a heat pump for domestic use." Energy 22, no. 7 (July 1997): 651–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0360-5442(96)00171-5.

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Mı́guez, J. L., S. Murillo, J. Porteiro, and L. M. López. "Feasibility of a new domestic CHP trigeneration with heat pump: I. Design and development." Applied Thermal Engineering 24, no. 10 (July 2004): 1409–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2004.01.008.

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Kolasiński, Piotr. "Domestic Organic Rankine Cycle-Based Cogeneration Systems as a Way to Reduce Dust Emissions in Municipal Heating." Energies 13, no. 15 (August 2, 2020): 3983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13153983.

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Environmental issues are nowadays of great importance. In particular air and water quality should be kept at as high levels as possible. Energy conversion systems and devices which are applied for converting the chemical energy contained in different fuels into heat, electricity and cold in the industry and housing are sources of different gases and solid particle emissions. Medical data show PM2.5 dust in particular is highly dangerous for human health. Therefore, limiting the number of low-quality fuel combustion processes is a key issue of modern energy policy. Statistical data show that domestic heating systems account for a large share of the total emissions of PM2.5 and PM10 dust. For example in Poland in 2017, the share of households in the total annual emissions of PM2.5 dust was equal to ca. 35.8%, while the share of PM2.5 emission in industry (i.e., power generating plants, industrial power plants and technologies) was equal to only 23.6%. A possible way of solving this problem is by the successful replacement of old domestic furnaces by combined heat and power (CHP) or multigeneration boilers which can be used for heating the rooms and sanitary water and generating electricity and cold. Such systems can possibly contribute in the future to significant reductions of dust emissions and air pollution in urban and rural areas by limiting the number of low-quality fuel combustion processes. This article presents design considerations and experimental results related to a domestic micro-CHP unit which is based on organic Rankine cycle (ORC) technology. The main aim of the design works and experiments was therefore the analysis of the possibility of integrating the ORC system with a standard domestic central heating gas-fired boiler. The specially designed micro-ORC system was implemented in the laboratory and experiments were performed using this test stand. The main design aims of the test-stand were: low operating pressure, small working fluid flow, low price and compact dimensions. To meet these aims, volumetric machines were chosen as the expander and working fluid pump. The experimental results were positive and show that it is possible to integrate an ORC system with a standard domestic central heating gas boiler. For different heat source temperatures, the obtained expander power ranged from 109 W to 241 W and the thermodynamic cycle efficiency ranged from 4.3% to 8.8%. These positive research results were achieved partly thanks to the positive features of the different system subassemblies.

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Koç, Yıldız, Hüseyin Yağlı, and Ali Koç. "Exergy Analysis and Performance Improvement of a Subcritical/Supercritical Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) for Exhaust Gas Waste Heat Recovery in a Biogas Fuelled Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Engine Through the Use of Regeneration." Energies 12, no. 4 (February 13, 2019): 575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12040575.

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In the present study, a subcritical and supercritical regenerative organic Rankine cycle (rORC) was designed. The designed rORCs assist a combined heat and power (CHP) engine, the fuel of which is biogas produced from anaerobic digestion of domestic wastes in Belgium. R245fa was selected as the working fluid for both the subcritical and supercritical rORC. During the parametric optimisation, the net power production, mass flow rate, exchanged heat in the regenerator, total pump power consumption, thermal and exergetic efficiencies of rORC were calculated for varying turbine inlet temperatures and pressures. After parametric optimisation of the rORC, the results were compared with the results of the previous study, in which only a simple ORC is analysed and parametrically optimised. Moreover, the effect of the regenerator was revealed by examining all results together. Finally, the exergetic analysis of the best performing subcritical and supercritical rORC was performed. Furthermore, the results of the present and previous studies were considered together and it is clearly seen that the subcritical rORC shows the best performance. Consequently, by using the subcritical rORC, the disadvantages of the using simple ORC (low performance) and supercritical cycle (safety, investment) can be eliminated and system performance can be improved.

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Vittorini, Diego, Alessio Antonini, Roberto Cipollone, and Roberto Carapellucci. "Multi-Variable Control and Optimization Strategy for Domestic Solar-ORC Combined Heat and Power Generation System." E3S Web of Conferences 197 (2020): 08014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019708014.

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The feasibility of a solar-ORC system for domestic combined heat and power generation (CHP) is deeply affected by both the time-varying ambient conditions (e.g. solar irradiance, temperature, wind speed) and the thermal and electrical load profiles variability of the final application. The definition of a proper control strategy is proven to be a major design-challenge for successful operation of solar-ORC systems, with the main goal of assuring that the thermal power demand for space heating and Domestic Hot Water (DHW) production and the electricity needs are simultaneously satisfied. The rising demand for energy-autonomous systems also calls for the inclusion of a storage system within the base-layout, that could assure the electricity demand is properly matched after sunset or in very-low irradiance conditions, such as cloudy days. A comprehensive model accounts for the dynamic of the plant-integrated unit, featuring an ORC-based plant that bottoms a flat plate solar thermal collector: a parametric study is presented, and an off-design analysis is performed to properly assess the energy performance of the system. The heat availability to the ORC heat exchanger is evaluated, based on solar availability, thermal losses in the pipes and plant requirements, in terms of operating temperature and pressures and organic fluid mass flowrate. R245fa is selected as working fluid in the ORC-section. Sliding vanes machines expander and pump – are considered as rotary equipment. Flat plate heat exchangers complete the base layout, the analysis accounts for. Due to the need for DHW production, a storage unit for hot water is present, upstream the recovery branch: dependently on the ability the fluid at the collector outlet has to meet the ORC requirements for proper operation (about 110°C), the ORC evaporator is fed and the recovery section enabled. Both continuous and unsteady operation underwent an in-depth analysis, as well as the benefits associated with different discharge times for the storage unit. A dedicated control strategy is defined, dependently on whether the electrical output or the thermal one need to be maximized, and accounts for either a flash or a progressive tank discharge. A virtual platform allowed the setting-up of a pilot plant, for direct performance assessment, in presence of different amounts of tank discharges per day and different lower temperatures at the storage tank.

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Jenkins, Norman. "CHP and heat pumps." Energy Policy 17, no. 3 (June 1989): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-4215(89)90061-x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Heat pumps; CHP; Domestic"

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Smith, Martin Alan. "Small scale and micro combined heat and power." Thesis, De Montfort University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/4178.

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Boswell, Michael John. "Gas engines for domestic engine-driven heat pumps." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1992. http://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/37f7ed18-4b86-6ab3-8ba6-1c27947fb1ce/1.

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An experimental and theoretical investigation has been undertaken into the performance of a small prototype, water-cooled, gas-fuelled engine designed for use as a domestic heat pump prime mover. In light of the application, fuel type and capacity, both experimental and theoretical study of similar engines is at best poorly documented in the literature. A comprehensive engine test facility has been set up, incorporating extensive calorimetry, a separate lubrication system, emissions monitoring and high speed data acquisition for in-cylinder pressure measurement and analysis. Two new experimental cylinder heads have been designed together with new induction and exhaust systems, both to improve performance and to enable further investigation of the combustion process. A preliminary parametric study of the combustion process established that the thermal efficiency and emission levels are strongly dependent on operational and design variables and that a lean, fast-burning combustion process in a slow speed engine coupled with careful control of other operating variables had the potential for improving efficiency, reducing emissions, and lowering frictional losses and noise levels with enhanced durability. Accordingly, new information has been obtained relating to rates of heat release, energy flows and emission levels over a wide range of design and operating conditions with utility for and consistent with an envelope of conditions appropriate to such a lean burn strategy. Modelling techniques have been developed and used as diagnostic tools in conjunction with the experimental data to investigate the influence of operating and design variables on rates of heat release and energy flows. The models have been validated using the experimental data over a wide range of operating conditions and incorporated into a thermodynamic engine model for use as a sub-model in an overall heat pump model. The experimental and theoretical programme has provided a valuable insight into the lean burn strategy and realised a considerable improvement in the performance of the prototype engine. The theoretical study benefits from a new approach to small gas engine design and development.

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Ward, Jack. "Conventional and modular design of domestic heat pumps." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 1999. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/20498/.

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This thesis is concerned with an experimental and theoretical investigation of domestic heat pumps. The development of heat pumps in the 1970's did not meet the original expectations and this thesis examines the reasons why. The items considered included cycling and unsteady conditions created whilst matching the heat pump's output to meet a space heating load. A detailed study was made of the hermetically sealed refrigerant compressor, the heat exchangers, and the refrigerant pressure and temperature control systems. In addition to the conventional heat pump a study was made of the advantages gained from modular designed heat pumps. The application of heat pumps to U.K. dwellings and climatic conditions was studied together with the suitability of thermostatic control. Initial studies were made of the operation of a demonstration unit. This showed how intermittent operation would reduce a heat pump performance and was followed by the development of a computer model which simulated the complete refrigerant circulation system. This allowed a study to be made of a heat pump performance at part load conditions. A computer model of the complete refrigerant cycle was developed which aided in the design and construction of a heat pump which used refrigerant R12. This was followed by the construction of a second test rig using R 134(a). The completed R 134(a) test rig was installed in an environmental chamber which could simulate outdoor weather conditions. Results from the test rigs indicated that the performance was greatly affected by on/off cycling an item that was further investigated.

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Claesson, Joachim. "Thermal and hydraulic performance of compact brazed plate heat exchangers operating as evaporators in domestic heat pumps." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-110.

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This thesis investigates the performance of compact brazed plate heat exchangers (CBE) operating as evaporator in heat pump applications. The thesis, and the performances investigated, has been divided into three main sections; One zone evaporator performance; Two zone evaporator performance; and finally Local performance. The 'One zone evaporator performance' section considers the evaporator as one "black box". It was found that "approaching terminal temperatures" were obtained as low overall heat flux is employed. It was also found that the total area averaged film heat transfer coefficient was affected by changes of the brine mass flow rate. This indicates that the widespread Wilson plot method may not be used to determine flow boiling heat transfer coefficients. Further, it seems that co- and counter-current flow configuration performs equally well if the superheat is kept low. A numerical simulation of the above investigations indicates that a nucleate boiling model better predicts the performance compared to a convective evaporation model. Finally, the significant impact of the refrigerant inlet distributor design was illustrated using several CBEs with different inlet geometries but with identical heat transfer surfaces. The 'Two zone evaporator performance section' considers the evaporator as two "black boxes", i.e. the boiling and superheating boxes. Thermochromic liquid crystals (TLC) was used to determine the boiling heat transfer area. The resulting flow boiling heat transfer coefficient was found to correlate with heat flux. The superheated heat transfer area was then estimated using single phase correlations. It was observed that the TLC measurements and the predicted superheating area did not agree. Possible causes for this deviation were discussed. The most likely explanation found was the presence of mist flow at the higher vapor quality range in the boiling section of the evaporator. The 'Local Performance' section considers local pressure drop and flow boiling heat transfer. The Chisholm parameter was found not to be a constant and was found to correlate well with the kinetic energy per volume. The resulting predictions of the pressure drop were better than ± 10%. The resulting local flow boiling heat transfer coefficient, at different vapor quality, mass flux and heat flux, was compared to flow boiling correlations available in the literature. It was found that the saturated nucleate pool boiling correlation by Cooper (1984) and narrow channel flow boiling correlations (Tran 1999, Lazarek and Black 1982) predicted the experimental data better than several traditional flow boiling correlations, developed for larger tubes.
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Claesson, Joachim. "Thermal and hydraulic performance of compact brazed plate heat exchangers operating as evaporators in domestic heat pumps /." Stockholm : Division of Applied Thermodynamics and Refrigeration, Royal Institute of Technology, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-110.

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Votsis, P. P. "An investigation of the integration and optimisation of a heat pump with a thermal store." Thesis, Open University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234276.

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Fadel, Georges M. "Simulation of a domestic heat pump using a nonazeotropic working fluid and impact of parallel computers on the simulation of thermal systems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19295.

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Gleeson, C. P. "Understanding the field performance of domestic heat pumps : an analysis of recent residential heat pump field trials and training needs." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1431425/.

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This thesis explores heat pump performance. Renewable technology, based on ambient conditions, is at a distinct thermodynamic disadvantage when compared with such technologies as gas condensing boilers since the temperature gradients in which they work are so much smaller. This disadvantage makes renewable technologies, and specifically heat pumps, sensitive to design and installation practice. A mixed methods approach of quantitative and qualitative investigation is applied, principally through the analysis of heat pump field trial performance; a meta-analysis of eight European field trials of over 600 heat pump installations in terms of historical and contemporary system boundaries, and a taxonomical analysis of the UK Energy Saving Trust field trial. The trials are placed in context through the analysis of UK central heating practice, UK and EU policy, thermodynamics, manufacturers’ test regimes and a pilot field trial. From this analysis it is apparent that a wide range of performance is exhibited by residential heat pump installations. This potential to underperform, or ‘sensitivity to context’, is explored through its plausible link to vocational education and training (VET). The process of re-aligning EU VET for heat pumps is underway, driven in the UK by the Microgeneration Scheme’s design literature and training requirements. However, doubts remain as to the abilities of current UK contractors to synthesise the technical design requirements given the relatively low educational demands made on residential heating occupations when compared with EUCERT heat pump requirements, more closely aligned with the Continental concept of savoir-faire, 'know-how' or berufliche Handlungsfähigkeit, a multidimensional 'occupational capacity'.

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Kalantiz, Nikolaos. "Thermo-economic modelling of micro-cogeneration systems : system design for sustainable power decentralization by multi-physics system modelling and micro-cogeneration systems performance analysis for the UK domestic housing sector." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/14406.

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Micro-cogeneration is one of the technologies promoted as a response to the global call for the reduction of carbon emissions. Due to its recent application in the residential sector, the implications of its usage have not yet been fully explored, while at the same time, the available simulation tools are not designed for conducting research that focuses on the study of this technology. This thesis develops a virtual prototyping environment, using a dynamic multi-physics simulation tool. The model based procedure in its current form focuses on ICE based micro-CHP systems. In the process of developing the models, new approaches on general system, engine, heat exchanger, and dwelling thermal modelling are being introduced to cater for the special nature of the subject. The developed software is a unique modular simulation tool platform linking a number of independent energy generation systems, and presents a new approach in the study and design of the multi node distributed energy system (DES) with the option of further development into a real-time residential energy management system capable of reducing fuel consumption and CO2 emissions in the domestic sector. In the final chapters, the developed software is used to simulate various internal combustion engine based micro-CHP configurations in order to conclude on the system design characteristics, as well as the conditions, necessary to achieve a high technical, economic and environmental performance in the UK residential sector with the purpose of making micro- CHP a viable alternative to the conventional means of heat & power supply.

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Kalantzis, Nikolaos. "Thermo-Economic Modelling of Micro-Cogeneration Systems System Design for Sustainable Power Decentralization by Multi-Physics System Modelling and Micro-Cogeneration Systems Performance Analysis for the UK Domestic Housing Sector." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/14406.

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Micro-cogeneration is one of the technologies promoted as a response to the global call for the reduction of carbon emissions. Due to its recent application in the residential sector, the implications of its usage have not yet been fully explored, while at the same time, the available simulation tools are not designed for conducting research that focuses on the study of this technology. This thesis develops a virtual prototyping environment, using a dynamic multi-physics simulation tool. The model based procedure in its current form focuses on ICE based micro-CHP systems. In the process of developing the models, new approaches on general system, engine, heat exchanger, and dwelling thermal modelling are being introduced to cater for the special nature of the subject. The developed software is a unique modular simulation tool platform linking a number of independent energy generation systems, and presents a new approach in the study and design of the multi node distributed energy system (DES) with the option of further development into a real-time residential energy management system capable of reducing fuel consumption and CO2 emissions in the domestic sector. In the final chapters, the developed software is used to simulate various internal combustion engine based micro-CHP configurations in order to conclude on the system design characteristics, as well as the conditions, necessary to achieve a high technical, economic and environmental performance in the UK residential sector with the purpose of making micro- CHP a viable alternative to the conventional means of heat & power supply.

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Books on the topic "Heat pumps; CHP; Domestic"

1

Grigg, P. An assessment of the cost-effectiveness and potential of heat pumps for domestic hot water heating. Garston: Building Research Establishment, 1985.

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Domestic Heat Pumps: Performance and Economics. IHS BRE, 1988.

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Shaw, John-Paul. An examination of the application of domestic heat pumps in the UK. 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Heat pumps; CHP; Domestic"

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Critoph, R. E. "Heat-Driven Heat Pumps—The Future of Domestic Heating in Europe?" In Renewable Energy in the Service of Mankind Vol II, 759–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18215-5_69.

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O Hegarty, Richard, Oliver Kinnane, Donal Lennon, and Shane Colclough. "The Performance Potential of Domestic Heat Pumps in a Temperate Oceanic Climate." In Sustainability in Energy and Buildings 2020, 29–41. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8783-2_3.

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Zendehboudi, Alireza, Xianting Li, and Siyuan Ran. "Artificial Neural Network Analysis of the Solar-Assisted Heat Pumps Performance for Domestic Hot Water Production." In Springer Proceedings in Energy, 405–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00662-4_34.

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Hewitt, Neil J., Nik Shah, Donal Cotter, Chris Wilson, Khoa Le, Raymond Byrne, Paul MacArtain, and Ming Jun Huang. "Domestic Demand-Side Response: The Challenge for Heat Pumps in a Future UK—Decarbonised Heating Market." In Renewable Energy and Sustainable Buildings, 735–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18488-9_60.

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Kamphuis, René, Bart Roossien, Frits Bliek, Albert van de Noort, Jorgen van de Velden, Johan de Wit, and Marcel Eijgelaar. "Market Optimization of a Cluster of DG-RES, Micro-CHP, Heat Pumps and Energy Storage within Network Constraints: The PowerMatching City Field Test." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 208–14. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19322-4_22.

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REAY, D. A., and D. B. A. MACMICHAEL. "Heat Pump Applications — Domestic." In Heat Pumps, 105–59. Elsevier, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-033462-2.50011-4.

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Mahkamov, K. "Thermal-engine-based small and micro combined heat and power (CHP) systems for domestic applications: modelling micro-CHP deployment." In Small and Micro Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Systems, 459–509. Elsevier, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9780857092755.3.459.

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Honda, T., and S. Yoshida. "R&D Program of Gas Driven Heat Pumps for Domestic Use in Japan." In Heat Pumps for Energy Efficiency and Environmental Progress, 453–61. Elsevier, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-81534-7.50059-0.

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Berntsson, Thore, Simon Harvey, and Matteo Morandin. "Application of Process Integration to the Synthesis of Heat and Power Utility Systems Including Combined Heat and Power (CHP) and Industrial Heat Pumps." In Handbook of Process Integration (PI), 168–200. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9780857097255.2.168.

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Batchelor, Tony, and Robin Curtis. "Geothermal energy." In Energy... beyond oil. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199209965.003.0005.

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The term ‘geothermal energy’ describes all forms of heat stored within the Earth. The energy is emitted from the core, mantle, and crust, with a large proportion coming from nuclear reactions in the mantle and crust. It is estimated that the total heat content of the Earth, above an assumed average surface temperature of 15◦C, is of the order of 12.6×1024 MJ, with the crust storing 5.4×1021 MJ (Armstead, 1983). Based on the simple principle that the ‘deeper you go the hotter it gets’, geothermal energy is continuously available anywhere on the planet. The average geothermal gradient is about 2.5–3◦C per 100 metres but this figure varies considerably; it is greatest at the edges of the tectonic plates and over hot spots–where much higher temperature gradients are present and where electricity generation from geothermal energy has been developed since 1904. Geothermal energy is traditionally divided into high, medium, and low temperature resources. Typically, temperatures in excess of 150◦C can be used for electricity generation and process applications. Medium temperature resources in the range 40◦C to 150◦ C form the basis for ‘direct use’ i.e. heating only, applications such as space heating, absorption cooling, bathing (balneology), process industry, horticulture, and aquaculture. The low-temperature resources obtainable at shallow depth, up to 100–300 metres below ground surface, are tapped with heat pumps to deliver heating, cooling, and hot water to buildings. The principles of extracting geothermal energy, in applications ranging from large scale electrical power plants to smallscale domestic heating, are illustrated in Fig. 3.1. Geothermal energy can be utilized over a temperature range from a few degrees to several hundred degrees, even at super critical temperatures. The high temperature resources, at depth, are typically ‘mined’ and are depleted over a localized area by extracting the in situ groundwaters and, possibly, re-injecting more water to replenish the fluids and extract more heat. Although natural thermal recovery occurs, this does not happen on an economically useful timescale.

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Conference papers on the topic "Heat pumps; CHP; Domestic"

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Lin, Zhen Xian, and Lin Fu. "Comparison and Analysis for the Differential Heating Modes in the Large-Scale CHP System." In ASME 2013 7th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2013 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2013 11th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2013-18296.

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With the process acceleration of China’s energy conservation and the full development of the market economy, the environmental protection is to coexist with the power plants’ benefits for thermal power plants. Relative to the traditional mode named “determining power by heat”, it is not adequate that the heating demand is only to be met, the maximizations of economy benefits and social benefits are also demanded. At present, several large-scale central heating modes are proposed by domestic and foreign scholars, such as the parallel arrangement and series arrangement of heating system for the traditional heating units and NCB heating units (NCB heating unit is a new condensing-extraction-backpressure steam turbine and used to generate the power and heat, it has the function of extraction heating turbine at constant power, back pressure turbine or extraction and back pressure heating turbine and extraction condensing heating turbine.), and running mode with heating units and absorbed heat pumps, and so on. Compare and analyze their heating efficiency, heating load, heating area, power generation, and the impact on the environment. The best heating mode can be found under the different boundary conditions, it can be used to instruct the further work. The energy utilization efficiency will be further improved.

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Nielsen, K. M., P. Andersen, and T. S. Pedersen. "Aggregated control of domestic heat pumps." In 2013 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications (CCA). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cca.2013.6662775.

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Ray, Guillaume Le, Morten Herget Christensen, and Pierre Pinson. "Detection and Characterization of Domestic Heat Pumps." In 2019 IEEE Milan PowerTech. IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ptc.2019.8810930.

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4

Jiang, Zefu, Chong Ma, YiLin Zhong, Kaigui Xie, Bo Hu, Yuhang Guo, YanLin Li, and ChangLin Li. "Capacity Assignment Optimization of CHP Micro-grid with Heat Pumps." In 4th International Conference on Computer, Mechatronics, Control and Electronic Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iccmcee-15.2015.281.

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"SOUND FROM DOMESTIC AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMPS: A CASE STUDY." In ACOUSTICS 2020. Institute of Acoustics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/13323.

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"SOUND FROM DOMESTIC AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMPS: A CASE STUDY." In ACOUSTICS 2020. Institute of Acoustics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/13323.

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7

Manner, Pekka, Ilari Alapera, and Samuli Honkapuro. "Domestic heat pumps as a source of primary frequency control reserve." In 2020 17th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eem49802.2020.9221902.

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Mancarella, P., Chin Kim Gan, and G. Strbac. "Evaluation of the impact of electric heat pumps and distributed CHP on LV networks." In 2011 IEEE PES PowerTech - Trondheim. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ptc.2011.6019297.

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Tangwe, Stephen, Michael Simon, and Edson Meyer. "Quantifying residential hot water production savings by retrofitting geysers with air source heat pumps." In 2015 23rd Domestic Use of Energy Conference (DUE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/due.2015.7102986.

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Tangwe, Stephen, and Michael Simon. "Comparison of different types air source heat pumps water heaters in South Africa." In 2018 International Conference on the Domestic Use of Energy (DUE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/due.2018.8384383.

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Reports on the topic "Heat pumps; CHP; Domestic"

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Dougherty, Brian P. A proposed methodology for rating air-source heat pumps that heat, cool, and provide domestic water heating. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.89-4154.

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Stecher, D., and K. Allison. Residential Ground Source Heat Pumps with Integrated Domestic Hot Water Generation: Performance Results from Long-Term Monitoring. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1055370.

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