To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Heavy and toxic metals.
Journal articles on the topic 'Heavy and toxic metals'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Heavy and toxic metals.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Yadav, Abhinav Parkash. "Heavy Metal Pollution In Environment And Their Toxicological Effect On Plants And Living Organisms." Humanities and Development 18, no. 1 (2018): 153–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.61410/had.v18i1.133.
Full textAbstract:
Heavy metals normally occur in nature and are essential to life but can become toxic through accumulation in plants and living organisms. Arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, and mercury are the most common heavy metals which can pollute the our environment. Most of the heavy metals causes environmental and atmospheric pollution, and may be lethal to plant. Heavy metal’s can become strongly toxic by mixing with different environmental elements, such as water, soil, and air plants and other living organisms can be uptake to them through the food chain.
2
Liekytė, Aistė, Raimondas Leopoldas Idzelis, and Nijolė Kazlauskienė. "RESEARCH INTO THE EFFECT OF HEAVY METALS AND THEIR BINARY MIXTURE ON THE CARDIO-RESPIRATORY SYSTEM OF FISH LARVAE / SUNKIŲJŲ METALŲ IR JŲ BINARINIO MIŠINIO POVEIKIO ŽUVŲ KARDIORESPIRACINEI SISTEMAI ANKSTYVOJOJE ONTOGENEZĖJE TYRIMAI." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 3, no. 5 (2011): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2011.083.
Full textAbstract:
This article investigates toxic effects of heavy metals (Ni, Cu) and their binary mixture (Ni+Cu) on the cardio-respiratory system of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) larvae depending on the type of metal, metal concentration and the duration of their exposure. The one-day larvae of rainbow trout were exposed to Ni (0,1; 0,2 mg/l, respectively), Cu (0,25; 0;5 mg/l, respectively) and their binary mixture. During long-term exposure (30 days), the physiological parameters of larvae, e.g. heart rate (counts/min), gill ventilation frequency (counts/min) after 5, 10 and 20 days of exposure were recorded. During experimental studies, the effects of heavy metals and their binary mixture on the heart rate and gill ventilation frequency of rainbow trout larvae depending on the type of metal, their concentrations and exposure duration were determined. Consequently, comparative studies on toxic effects of heavy metals and their binary mixture on the cardio-respiratory system of rainbow trout larvae showed that the binary mixture was more toxic to larvae than to single metals. Santrauka Šiame straipsnyje nagrinėjamas sunkiųjų metalų (Ni, Cu) ir jų binarinio mišinio (Ni + Cu) toksinis poveikis vaivorykštinio upėtakio (Oncorhynchus mykiss) lervų kardiorespiracinei sistemai, priklausomai nuo veikiamo metalo rūšies, metalų koncentracijos ir ekspozicijos trukmės. Vaivorykštinio upėtakio vienadienės lervos buvo veikiamos Ni (0,1; 0,2 mg/l), Cu (0,25; 0,5 mg/l) ir jų binariniu mišiniu. Ilgalaikio tyrimo metu (30 parų) buvo registruojami lervų fiziologiniai rodikliai – širdies ir kvėpavimo dažniai (krt./min.) po 5, 10 ir 20 parų ekspozicijos. Atlikus eksperimentinius tyrimus, nustatytas sunkiųjų metalų ir jų binarinio mišinio poveikis vaivorykštinio upėtakio lervų širdies ir kvėpavimo dažniams, priklausomai nuo veikiamo metalo rūšies, koncentracijos ir ekspozicijos trukmės. Tyrimo rezultatai rodo, kad atskirų sunkiųjų metalų (Ni, Cu) poveikis lervų kardiorespiracinei sistemai silpnesnis, nei veikiant metalų binariniu mišiniu.
3
Ayres, R. U. "Toxic heavy metals: materials cycle optimization." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 89, no. 3 (1992): 815–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.89.3.815.
Full text
4
Suwal, Anjana, Meera Prajapati, and Ram Charitra Shah. "Assessment of Toxic Heavy Metal Content in Children Toys." Khwopa Journal 5, no. 2 (2023): 147–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kjour.v5i2.60448.
Full textAbstract:
The children toys are the most favorable things for children to play. But these children toys are not safe from toxic chemicals too. There is presence of different toxic heavy metals such as mercury, lead, barium, chromium, zinc etc. The standard value for different heavy metals is set up by the government of Nepal that came into effective from July 15, 2017. The standard was set up for the 12 toxic heavy metals as cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, zinc, antimony, arsenic, barium, bisphenol A, bromine, selenium and phthalates. The study was focused on the study of the compliance of toxic heavy metals in children toys with the national standard. For the study total 52 toys were collected from different places of Nepal: Bhaktapur, Kathmandu, Lalitpur, Chitwan, Janakpur and Nepalgunj from the local vendors to the supermarkets. The toys were generally made up of plastic, rubber, metal, foam etc. After the collection and sampling of the toys they were tested in the lab of Nepal Handicraft Association of Nepal Bureau of Standard and Metrology (NBSM) by the X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) technology. Among the 52 toys, no any heavy metals were detected in 15 toys and 37 toys were detected with multiple toxic heavy metals. The heavy metals detected in the toys were lead, cadmium, bromine, chromium, zinc and barium. Even most of the detected result is under the compliance it is very serious issue that the non-compliance result of heavy metals like lead is very much more (4688 ppm) than the standard value (90 ppm) in the toy: tortoise. In the same way, 22 children toys have the labelling and rest do not have the labelling. But the labelled children toys don’t have the labelling about the chemical safety. Though the national standard has been formulated the local or the parents themselves are unaware about the toxic heavy metals present in the toys. As well there has raised a big confusion in the standard of the toxic heavy metals as the new standard has been published omitting the standard of the heavy metals as phthalates, BPA, bromine and zinc. Thus, these points should be considered in order to implement the standard effectively and to save the children from the chemical hazards.
5
Mathew, Blessy Baby, Monisha Jaishankar, Vinai George Biju, and Krishnamurthy Nideghatta Beeregowda. "Role of Bioadsorbents in Reducing Toxic Metals." Journal of Toxicology 2016 (2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4369604.
Full textAbstract:
Industrialization and urbanization have led to the release of increasing amounts of heavy metals into the environment. Metal ion contamination of drinking water and waste water is a serious ongoing problem especially with high toxic metals such as lead and cadmium and less toxic metals such as copper and zinc. Several biological materials have attracted many researchers and scientists as they offer both cheap and effective removal of heavy metals from waste water. Therefore it is urgent to study and explore all possible sources of agrobased inexpensive adsorbents for their feasibility in the removal of heavy metals. The objective was to study inexpensive adsorbents like various agricultural wastes such as sugarcane bagasse, rice husk, oil palm shell, coconut shell, and coconut husk in eliminating heavy metals from waste water and their utilization possibilities based on our research and literature survey. It also shows the significance of developing and evaluating new potential biosorbents in the near future with higher adsorption capacity and greater reusable options.
6
Mukhamatdyarov, S. R., E. V. Kuzina, M. G. Iskuzhina, and T. Yu Korshunova. "ADAPTATION OF MICROORGANISMS TO HEAVY METALS." Izvestia Ufimskogo Nauchnogo Tsentra RAN, no. 4 (December 7, 2023): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31040/2222-8349-2023-0-4-31-43.
Full textAbstract:
Many heavy metals (HM) (Zn, Cu, Mn, Co, etc.) take an active part in the most important processes of vital activity of microorganisms as microelements. However, at high concentrations they become toxic, and a number of metals (Pb, Hg, Cd, etc.) are highly toxic even at low concentrations. Microorganisms are able to resist the toxic effects of HMs due to the presence of various resistance mechanisms that are aimed at converting cations to a less toxic form or oxidation state, which makes them less mobile and bioavailable. The very first reaction of microorganisms to the toxic effects of metals is a change in cell morphology, their agglomeration, which leads to a decrease in the availability of binding sites for toxic metals. The mechanisms used by bacteria can be divided into biochemical and molecular. Bacterial cells have the ability to sorb metal cations with the help of metal-binding functional groups (carboxylic, sulfhydryl, hydroxyl, sulfate, phosphate, and amino groups) of the cell membrane,preventing their penetration into the cell. Bacteria have a variety of efflux systems for HM outflow from cells with the help of carrier proteins belonging to different families, which maintain a low concentration of HM inside the cell, protecting cellular components. Polysaccharides, biosurfactants, inorganic anions (phosphate, carbonate, and sulfide ions) and other metabolic products of microorganisms participate in extracellular detoxification, and gluta- thione, metal-binding proteins, intracellular polyphosphate granules, which bind HM cations into poorly soluble compounds, participate in intracellular sequestration. The reduction of HM ions with the help of enzymes leads to the formation of their less toxic forms. The genes responsible for bacterial resistance to toxic metals are localized on chromosomes or plasmids and can be transferred to closely related bacterial species, which plays an important role in the spread of HM resistance in nature. Microorganisms also demonstrate indirect mechanisms of HM tolerance aimed at maintaining cell integrity by protecting them from oxidative stress.
7
Alumaa, Priit, Uuve Kirso, Valter Petersell, and Eiliv Steinnes. "Sorption of toxic heavy metals to soil." International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health 204, no. 5-6 (2002): 375–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1078/1438-4639-00114.
Full text
8
Al-Janabi, Ali Abdul Hussein S. "Toxic effect of heavy metals on dermatophytes." Mycoses 54, no. 4 (2010): 345–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0507.2010.01876.x.
Full text
9
Mishra, Vishal, and Srinivas Tadepalli. "Biosorption of Toxic Heavy Metals on Sawdust." CLEAN - Soil, Air, Water 43, no. 3 (2014): 360–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/clen.201300934.
Full text
10
Kuang, Qijun, Yicheng Xia, and Yang Hui. "TOXIC EFFECTS OF HEAVY METALS ON ALGAE." Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica 20, no. 3 (1996): 277–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/issn1000-3207-1996-3-277-v.
Full text
11
Konkabaeva, А. Е., T. N. Baranova, and М. Yu Ishmuratova. "The mechanism of action and manifestation of toxic effects of heavy metals on an organism (the literature review)." Bulletin of the Karaganda University “Biology medicine geography Series” 81, no. 1 (2016): 45–53. https://doi.org/10.31489/2016bmg1/45-53.
Full textAbstract:
The literary review containing data on the main sources of intake of heavy metals in objects of environment and in an organism is presented in article. The characteristic of the term «heavy metals» is given to, the elements getting to group of heavy metals are defined the biological role and participation of heavy metals in biological processes is opened. Toxic properties of heavy metals, sources and ways of receipt them in an organism are lit. Besides, in article the general principles of impact of separate metals on an organism, and also their mechanisms are considered. The main attention is paid to toxic effect of lead, cadmium and copper on an organism.
12
Sari, Putri Anggun, Tri Retnaningsih Soeprobowati, and Budi Warsito. "A bibliometric overview of scientific research on phytoremediation of heavy metals and artificial neural network in past two decades." E3S Web of Conferences 448 (2023): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202344803004.
Full textAbstract:
Numerous pollutants, including organic and toxic pollutants, are currently reaching the sea and land from various sources, including sewage sludge, municipal, industrial, agricultural, and landfill leachate. Heavy metal pollution is the single most pressing environmental issue because metals are so toxic to plants and animals. Additionally, they may be transported to the surrounding area through the production of leachate and migration from waste disposal sites, with the potential increasing risk to the land, the groundwater, and surface water. The remediation of heavy metals pollution by plants has been a hotspot in the research of heavy metals pollution in recent years and model development for heavy metal simulation has progressed rapidly over the past two decade. A bibliometric study of research data from 2003 to 2023 was conducted. Bibliographic data was retrieved from the Scopus database and analyzed using VOS viewer. The hot research topic keywords were “phytoremediation”, “heavy metals” and “artificial neural network”. The main insight from the analysis of the papers are discussed and practical implications for the field of study are provided. The structured information may help understand research trends and locate this topic gaps.
13
Ham, Youn-Kyung, Dong-Heon Song, and Hyun-Wook Kim. "Effects of Toxic Heavy Metal Salts on Oxidative Quality Deterioration in Ground Pork Model during Aerobic Display Storage." Antioxidants 11, no. 7 (2022): 1310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11071310.
Full textAbstract:
The contamination of toxic heavy metals in meat production and processing can cause the oxidative deterioration of processed meat products. Aside from the possible mechanisms of toxic heavy metals on pro-oxidative reaction, little is known about the potential impacts of toxic heavy metal contamination on meat quality attributes within permitted maximum residual levels. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the influence of the intentional contamination of toxic heavy metals on the oxidative deterioration in ground pork models during aerobic display storage. Four types of toxic heavy metal salts (As2O3, CdCl2, K2Cr2O7, and Pb(NO3)2) were mixed with ground pork at two different levels (maximum residue limit and its half level), PVC-wrapped, and displayed in a 4 °C showcase equipped with continuous fluorescent natural white light (1400 l×, color temperature = 6500 K). The contamination of toxic heavy metals significantly decreased the redness of ground pork, and rapidly increased the hue angle. The contamination of Cd and Cr equivalent to maximum residue levels (0.05 and 1.0 mg/kg, respectively) could increase the formation of peroxides, 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and carbonyls, along with an immediate decrease in total reducing activity. However, there was no difference in protein thiol content between treatments (p > 0.05). These results indicate that contamination of certain toxic heavy metals, particularly Cd and Cr, would accelerate discoloration, lipid oxidation, and carbonyl formation of ground pork during aerobic storage.
14
Iov, Tatiana, Mihnea Costescu, Madalina Diac, et al. "Dangerous Chemical Agents: General and Odonto-Stomatological Aspects with Importance in Forensic Toxicology." Revista de Chimie 70, no. 5 (2019): 1829–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.19.5.7225.
Full textAbstract:
In the heavy and light industry, the food and pharmaceutical industry, there are chemicals that contain metals with high toxic potential. Toxicity of metals is due to the harmful effect in certain forms and doses. Some metals become toxic when they form soluble compounds or in a certain chemical structure at certain doses (eg lead, mercury and candium). Not only heavy metals are toxic metals, there are also light metals that can become toxic, some of which are essential elements (iron, selenium, copper, chromium, zinc) and metals used therapeutically in medicine (aluminum, bismuth, gold, gallium, lithium and silver) may have negative effects when administered in large quantities or the elimination from the human body is deficient. Metal poisoning occurs through nutrition, medication, environmental factors. Most professional pollutants with intraoral manifestations appear in the heavy industry. The oral cavity is an entry gate for various toxic pathogens, so intoxications can be detected early due to the manifestations inside the mouth.
15
Vashishth, Amit, Nimisha Tehri, and Pawan Kumar. "The potential of naturally occurring bacteria for the bioremediation of toxic metals pollution." Brazilian Journal of Biological Sciences 6, no. 12 (2019): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21472/bjbs.061205.
Full textAbstract:
An increase in industrialization and various kind of human activities added a huge amount of toxic heavy metals in the soil. As a result, toxic heavy metals in the environment may be adversely affects human being and aquatic ecosystem. Thus, it is very essential to understand mechanism of bioremediation through eco-friendly agent i.e. bacteria. Accumulation of high metal concentrations in soil above threshold limit causes lethal to bacterial communities in the environment. Few bacteria develop resistance mechanism to tolerate these toxic heavy metals and contain various methods to respond the metal stress. The present review emphasizes to understand the mechanism of bacterial resistance against toxic metals. Moreover, mechanism of bioaugmentation, biosorption, and bioaccumulation methods also described clearly.
16
Rajkumar, Nanjala, Ch M. Kumari Chitturi, K. Lavanya, V. Subhashini, S. Shamshad, and G. Seethamma. "Consequences of Toxic Heavy Metals on Environment and Human Health: A Review." UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 46, no. 9 (2025): 198–207. https://doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2025/v46i94936.
Full textAbstract:
Heavy metals are significant environmental pollutants that persist in various ecosystems due to their toxicity and ability to remain in the environment, contaminating soil, water, and living organisms. These contaminants can bioaccumulate in the human body, posing serious health risks. While some heavy metals are generated by human activities, the majority occur naturally. Living organisms can be exposed to heavy metals through the food chain as they interact with environmental elements such as soil, water, and air, which can amplify their harmful effects. Humans are particularly vulnerable to the combined effects of multiple heavy metals rather than exposure to a single metal. This combination can lead to oxidative stress and inflammatory processes, resulting in damage to various organs. This review highlights the fate of heavy metals and their toxicological effects on different organ systems. Some metals influence developmental and biological processes, while others accumulate in specific organs, potentially leading to a range of illnesses. In this work, we have reviewed the toxicity of several heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, chromium, mercury and their impact on the environment and human health.
17
A.P., Tripathy, Uma Mahesh A., Padhi N., and Panigrahi A.K. "Comparative Study and Possible Phycoremediation of Effluent of JK Pulp and Paper Mill and Select Heavy Metals on Cyanobacteria." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS 02, no. 01 (2022): 22–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33745/ijbei.2022.v02i01.003.
Full textAbstract:
Pulp and Paper Mill effluent contains toxic heavy metals like Hg, Cd and Pb. These effluent are deadly toxic to the aquatic organisms as these effluents are discharged into River Nagavalli without biological treatment. The main objective of the present study was to assess the Paper mill effluent: its impact on blue green algae (BGA) and whether BGA can be used for detoxification of the effluent waste water. The contaminated river water contained significant amount of heavy metals. An attempt was made to study the impact of heavy metals like Hg, Cd and Pb present in effluent on BGA/cyanobacterium under laboratory controlled conditions and a strategy was planned to study these heavy metals in combination as mixture. All the heavy metals tested showed stimulation and better growth at sub-lethal concentrations (MAC value) but at higher concentrations heavy metals were deadly toxic. The heavy metals when combined produced higher toxicity. No stimulation in the exposed alga was observed in heavy metal combinations. The algae could remove heavy metals from the effluent of the paper mill. The paper mill effluent though highly toxic but showed better behavior at sub-lethal concentrations towards the cyanobacterium. From the observed data it is evident that Westiellopsis was more tolerant than other BGA tested. This alga has potency to grow under stressful conditions and can be safely used for phycoremediation of paper mill effluent after dilution of the effluent. Along with the tested BGA other aquatic macrophytes in combination can be tried for total biological treatment of paper mill effluent before being discharged into the environment.
18
Peng, Hongqin. "The Toxic Mechanism of Heavy Metals and Their Effects on Human Health." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 74 (December 29, 2023): 1759–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/my35g210.
Full textAbstract:
Heavy metals show significant risks to both human health and the environment. The analysis of the toxic mechanisms of heavy metals and their toxic effects on humans has received increasing attention. For this reason, this comprehensive research explores the toxicology effects of heavy metals, delving into their common sources, mechanisms of toxicity, specific health effects, routes of human exposure, regulation and prevention strategies, and notable case studies. Each section provides in-depth insights, from the neurological impacts of lead to the potential link between lead exposure and Alzheimer's disease. The research underscores the importance of understanding heavy metal toxicity, its regulatory framework, and preventive measures. Ultimately, addressing heavy metal contamination requires global cooperation, stringent regulations, and ongoing research to protect individuals and ecosystems from the adverse effects of these toxic elements. In addition, this study also provides a new approach for the study of the impact of heavy metals on human health.
19
Strojan, S. T., and C. J. C. Phillips. "The detection and avoidance of heavy metals in feeds by chickens." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1997 (1997): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175275620059588x.
Full textAbstract:
Anthropogenic activities have lead to a redistribution of heavy metals within the environment, often with the effect of increasing the concentration in which they are found within farming ecosystems. This series of trials was conducted to determine whether farm animals could detect heavy metals in feeds, if so at what levels, and whether they preferred uncontaminated feeds. Both toxic and non-toxic metals were tested, but toxic metals were only tested at levels that would not induce clinical problems.
20
Satpathy, Deepmala, M. Vikram Reddy, and Soumya Prakash Dhal. "Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals Contamination in Paddy Soil, Plants, and Grains (Oryza sativaL.) at the East Coast of India." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/545473.
Full textAbstract:
Heavy metals known to be accumulated in plants adversely affect human health. This study aims to assess the effects of agrochemicals especially chemical fertilizers applied in paddy fields, which release potential toxic heavy metals into soil. Those heavy metals get accumulated in different parts of paddy plant (Oryza sativaL.) including the grains. Concentrations of nonessential toxic heavy metals (Cd, Cr, and Pb) and the micronutrients (Cu, Mn, and Zn) were measured in the paddy field soil and plant parts. Mn and Cd are found to be accumulated more in shoot than in root. The metal transfer factors from soil to rice plant were significant for Pb, Cd, Cu, Cr, Mn, and Zn. The ranking order of bioaccumulation factor (BAF) for heavy metals was Zn > Mn > Cd > Cu > Cr > Pb indicating that the accumulation of micronutrients was more than that of nonessential toxic heavy metals. The concentrations of heavy metals were found to be higher in paddy field soils than that of the nearby control soil but below permissible limits. The higher Health Index (HI) values of rice consuming adults (1.561) and children (1.360) suggest their adverse health effects in the near future.
21
Waleed, Jadaa. "Toxic Heavy Metals Elimination from Contaminated Effl uents Utilizing Various Adsorbents: Critical MiniReview." J Biomed Res Environ Sci 4, no. 2 (2023): 281–96. https://doi.org/10.37871/jbres1673.
Full textAbstract:
The release of massive pollutants amounts continuously because of urbanization and industrialization has caused a big ecological problem worldwide. Due to their activities, effluents of many industries: mining operations, paper/pulp, and batteries, release different heavy metals, including Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb), and Nickel (Ni), into the environment. Heavy metals are of big concern due to their high toxicity, big bioaccumulation susceptibility, and serious threat to humans and ecosystems. Compared to organic pollutants, which are highly influenced by biological and chemical degradation, heavy metals have no degradation into end products using these methods. Therefore, the removal of such metals is considered a big challenge in water purification. For metals removal, different techniques have been applied, such as precipitation, ultrafiltration, and coagulation. However, those applications have many drawbacks: low-efficiency, high consumption of reagents, and generation of toxic sludge. In contrast, adsorption considers an effective method for metal removal, owing to the method’s simplicity, economic and versatility, making it the most convenient way for toxic metals removal. Many conventional adsorbents, such as activated carbon and alumina, have been effectively employed. Nevertheless, the biggest disadvantages of using such adsorbents appear to be their price due to high activation costs and limited reusability. Biosorption has lately emerged as a method with several advantages, including minimal cost, ease of use, and great efficacy, even for trace amounts of metallic ions. This paper aims to review the relevant literature regarding the adsorption method for heavy metals removal from wastewater. Different treatments of heavy metals from wastewater and their related features are highlighted. The metals’ toxicity and hazards to health and the environment are also discussed. The application of various materials as bioadsorbents is explored, such as natural adsorbents and industrial and agricultural wastes
22
Dumitriu (Gabur), G. D., C. Teodosiu, I. Morosanu, O. Jitar, and V. V. Cotea. "Quantification of toxic metals during different winemaking stages." BIO Web of Conferences 15 (2019): 02024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20191502024.
Full textAbstract:
Heavy metals in beverages can constitute serious problems to human health. Consumption of wine may contribute to the daily dietary intake of pollutants, especially of toxic (heavy) metals. These compounds are also known as priority pollutants due to their potential toxic effects, if concentrations are not kept under allowable limits. Many characteristics such as: quality, origin, aroma and health safety of wine are influenced by environmental and anthropogenic factors. Hence, the contamination of wine by priority pollutants may occur at different stages of vine-growing, due to the application of agricultural chemicals, or at different stage of winemaking and ageing, because of the extended contact of wine with winemaking equipment materials (aluminium, brass, glass, stainless steel and wood, etc.), or chemicals used for cleaning and sanitation. The aim of this study is to identify and quantify the heavy metal ions from red wines. A particular focus was attributed to Zn and Cd from destemming-pressing-filtration-bottling stages in Fetească neagră grape variety from Cotnari vine growing region of Romania. Results indicated that heavy metals were linked to diverse Zn and Cd sources and complexes during the winemaking processes. Concentration of Zn and Cd were generally higher in must than in wine, although heavy metals concentrations were lower than the limits recommended by the International Organization of Vine and Wine for human health safety.
23
Lama, Sumaya Assanousi Eshtiwi. "Water Contamination by Heavy Metals and their Toxic Effect." Stallion Journal for Multidisciplinary Associated Research Studies 1, no. 1 (2022): 65–71. https://doi.org/10.55544/sjmars.1.1.10.
Full textAbstract:
Water pollution by heavy metals is a serious problem affecting humans and animals. Heavy metal ions can cause health problems such as liver and kidney damage, skin diseases, mental retardation and cancer. To avoid the harmful effects of these toxic metals, it is important to find an environmentally friendly and cost-effective way to remove heavy metal ion pollution from diseases. Biosorption is an environmentally friendly process based on plant biomass.Algae and agricultural waste and microorganisms. This method is environmentally friendly and does not require much investment. This review provides basic knowledge on heavy metal pollution research and environmental removal.
24
Ryzhenko, Nataliija O., S. V. Kavetsky, and Volodymyr M. Kavetsky. "HEAVY METALS (Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cu) UPTAKE BY SPRING BARLEY IN POLLUTED SOILS." Polish Journal of Soil Science 48, no. 1 (2016): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/pjss.2015.48.1.111.
Full textAbstract:
<p>Accumulation of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu (HM) by spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) from sod podzolic sandy loam and chernozem soils, impacted by heavy metals pollution in the soils, is studied in the article. The aim of study has been to determine spring barley bioaccumulation capacity impacted by the HM pollution with the high level of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu concentration in soils. The HM concentration diapason caused biomass reduction – the scope of toxic tolerance was obtained. The range of contaminants concentration in soil, which caused the plant biomass reduction, from the beginning to plants death – the scope of toxic tolerance, is the index of a species reaction on selected xenobiotic. It shows: “threshold” concentration of a contaminant that caused a plant biomass inhibition; toxic process development and the correlation between contaminants concentration in soil and/or plant and the plants inhibition; the concentration that caused the plant death. Spring barley accumulation indexes of the studied metals were calculated. Relevant scopes of the plant-uptake index for each metal were calculated. Dynamics of the toxic process development of spring barley as impacted by the pollution in the break-down by studied metals were observed on two different soils. Toxic process dynamic evaluation gives the possibility to simulate concentration of the trace metal in plants, concentration of available forms of these elements in soils, and also contamination level (content of metals) that caused plants height and plant weight reduction by 10%, 50% and 90%.</p><p> </p><p>Celem pracy było określenie wpływu zanieczyszczenia gleb piaszczysto-gliniastych bielicowych i czarnoziemów przez matale ciężkie (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu) na biakumulację tych pierwiastków w jęczmieniu jarym (Hordeum vulgare L.). Podwyższone stężenie metali ciężkich spowodowało spadek plonu biomasy (od 10 do 90%). Stwierdzono, że im wyższe stężenie pierwiastków w glebie tym reakcja negatywna roślin była większa, aż do zamierania roślin. Wyliczono wskaźniki akumulacji dla każdego z pierwiastków metali. Ocena dynamiki procesu zanieczyszczenia gleb przez metale ciężkie (na podstawie wskaźników akumulacji) daje możliwość stymulowania stężenia tych pierwiastków w glebie. </p>
25
Ewubare, Paul Obokparo, Sarah Onosteike Aliyu, Ikioukenigha Michael, et al. "An Academic Review on Heavy Metals in the Environment: Effects on Soil, Plants Human Health, and Possible Solutions." American Journal of Environmental Economics 3, no. 1 (2024): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.54536/ajee.v3i1.3261.
Full textAbstract:
Heavy metal uptake by plants and successive accumulation in human tissues and biomagnification through the food chain cause significant concerns for both human health and the environment. Human activities, including industrial, agricultural, traffic, domestic, and mining processes, have increased the toxic levels of these metals beyond those contributed by natural rock-forming processes. Heavy metals are potentially toxic to plants, resulting in chlorosis, weak growth, yield depression, reduced nutrient uptake, metabolic disorders, and diminished nitrogen-fixation ability. Utilization of food crops contaminated with heavy metals is a major food chain route for human exposure. The cultivation of plants in contaminated soil poses a potential risk since vegetal tissues can accumulate heavy metals. Owing to their toxicity and potential for bioaccumulation, these compounds should be subject to mandatory monitoring, particularly in soil and plants, to prevent their entry into the human food system. Furthermore, studies have shown that phytoremediation and microbial remediation are promising techniques for mitigating the negative effects of heavy metals contamination. These methods are environmentally friendly and economically effective, making them applicable globally. This review paper summarizes the effects of heavy metals in our environment by examining relevant works related to the topic. To achieve this, databases such as Google Scholar, Frontier in Microbiology, African Journals Online (AJOL), Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) were explored to identify studies on the effects on soil, plants, human health and managing heavy metals in the environment.
26
M. Aly, Mohamed Y. "Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollutants of Water on Fish Health and its Impact on Human Health." International Journal of Oceanography & Aquaculture 7, no. 3 (2023): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/ijoac-16000259.
Full textAbstract:
This review provides a summary of the toxic effects of heavy metals on fish. In the aquatic environment, these metals are important pollutants and are found in all ecosystems and are found in large quantities. Some heavy metals such as Cadmium, iron, copper, zinc and lead have the advantage of accumulating in tissues and poisoning fish. These minerals can effectively affect biological processes, fish reproduction, impair the immune system, and cause pathological changes. Therefore, heavy metals play an important role as a vital predictor of pollutants affecting the health and life of fish environments. These minerals cause organ damage even at low levels of exposure, so they have recently been classified as carcinogens. For all the above-mentioned reasons, this review has been written to contribute to the role of heavy metals in the environment, the toxic mechanism, the toxic effects on fish and the health of the human consumption of fish. Also, this article reviews the Histopathological change and biomarkers when exposed to heavy metal contamination.
27
Jadon, Pradeep Kumar, and Sudeshana Yadav. "Toxicity of Heavy Metals to the Human Health and Environment." Journal of Ultra Chemistry 18, no. 4 (2022): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22147/juc/180401.
Full textAbstract:
Almost each heavy metal is serious toxicants as carcinogens. Heavy metals are kept under environmental pollutant category due to their toxic effects in plants, human and food. These are heavy metals persistence, accumulate and not metabolized in other intermediate compounds and do not easily breakdown in environment. Heavy metals are naturally occurring elements, and are present in varying concentrations in all ecosystems. Some of the heavy metals i.e. Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Mercury (Hg) are accumulative poison. Arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and nickel (Ni) are category 1 heavy metals according to the International agency for Research on Cancer. There is the large of number of heavy metals. Total metals have caused major human health problems in various parts of the world. The term “heavy metal” is connected in many people’s minds to metals that are toxic. There is a relationship between the chronic diseases and geologic environment. Geochemical environment is indeed a significant factor in the serious health problems. These metals have been extensively studied and their effects on human health regularly reviewed by international bodies such as the WHO. This reviews paper definite heavy metals and their toxicity and effects on human health.
28
Alfaifi, Hani Yahya, Majed Marji Alenezy, Talal Telhi Alenezy, Faiz Nasser Alenazy, and Ahmed Mohammed Aleneze. "Determination of Toxic Concentrations of Heavy Metals in Selected Samples of Tobacco Products." Journal of Chemistry and Nutritional Biochemistry 3, no. 1 (2022): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.48185/jcnb.v3i1.545.
Full textAbstract:
The foremast threats to human health from heavy metals are related with use tobacco when inserted in the human body by smoking ( shisha and cigarette ) or chewable like shammah which is harm of health. The tobacco species have been collected from different places, natural or included in the installation of some of the species sold in the markets. The samples were analyzed by wet digestion method and standardized. International protocols were followed for the preparation of material and analysis of heavy metals contents and analyzed by Inductively coupled plasma spectrometer Model-Varian720 ES in center Laboratory in Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, and Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University (KAU). Results obtained using ICP-OES technique for determination of heavy metals in Tobacco products. Through this study the results were shown the heavy metals which found in tobacco samples is clearly. the objective of the study showing the concentrative the heavy metals in tobacco and compared with levels of heavy metals allowing in the World Health Organization (WHO ). What the results indicate is the seriousness of the presence of heavy metals, which cause serious diseases such as cancer and failure in most organs. The use of tobacco should be abandoned.
29
Ivashchenko, A., A. Ivashchenko, and V. Andreev. "Problem of soil Pollution by heavy metals." Interdepartmental Thematic Scientific Collection of Plant Protection and Quarantine, no. 63 (November 20, 2017): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.36495/1606-9773.2017.63.69-76.
Full textAbstract:
An important environmental problem of the present is the accumulation of toxic metals in soils. Based on the analyzed literary sources, it is shown that the most contaminated territories of our country are urbanized areas of the central and south-eastern regions. Among the pollutants of metals, the most common and toxic are lead, zinc, copper, cadmium, nickel and aluminum. Mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals and aluminum is directly proportional to the acidity of the soil. Taking into account the potential hazard of toxic metals for living organisms, the urgent task of scientists is to assess the biological risk of these substances. The article analyzes the accumulation of soils adjacent to the highway Kiev-Odessa, lead compounds (Pb) and nickel (Ni) at different distances from the source of pollution.
30
Izza Ratna Kumala. "Edukasi dan Upaya Preventif Bahaya Pencemaran Logam Berat pada Makanan untuk Kesehatan Anak-Anak di Desa Gintung Kabupaten Pemalang." Transformasi Masyarakat : Jurnal Inovasi Sosial dan Pengabdian 1, no. 3 (2024): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.62383/transformasi.v1i3.420.
Full textAbstract:
Heavy metals are chemical elements that can be toxic even at low concentrations. The presence of non-essential heavy metals in the environment can contaminate soil, water, and air. The consequences of this contamination affect the living organisms in the surrounding area. For instance, heavy metals in soil and water can contaminate plants growing in the region, which may then be processed as daily food sources, potentially impacting the health of those who consume them. Heavy metals such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and arsenic (As) are non-essential heavy metals that are of primary concern due to their toxic nature. The presence of heavy metals in food can hinder the growth and development of children, making it crucial to implement educational initiatives and preventive measures to reduce heavy metal contamination in daily consumed foods. This activity involves educating people about the dangers of heavy metal contamination in food and the actions that can be taken to reduce the concentration of heavy metals in the food we consume.
31
ROȘCA, Mihaela, Elena-Diana COMĂNIȚĂ UNGUREANU, Raluca-Maria HLIHOR, Mariana DIACONU, Petronela COZMA, and Maria GAVRILESCU. "INFLUENCE OF HEAVY METALS PHYTOTOXICITY ON SEED GERMINATION AND PLANTS GROWTH." Annals of the Academy of Romanian Scientists Series on Physics and Chemistry 5, no. 2 (2020): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.56082/annalsarsciphyschem.2020.2.7.
Full textAbstract:
Environmental pollution with heavy metals has become a critical concern because of their potential to create negative ecological effects. Such toxic elements are considered pollutants of the soil because of their spread, the appearance and their acute and chronic toxic effect on the cultivated plants. Excessive release of heavy metals into the environment has become a primary issue worldwide, as they cannot be transformed into non-toxic forms and therefore have long-lasting effects on the ecosystem. Many of them are toxic even at very low concentrations. In this context, experimental program has been structured to address the problem of heavy metals phytotoxicity and plants tolerance against this aggressive factor. This paper presents the results of the phytotoxicity studies of Cd(II) on three plants: Brassica rapa (rape), Sinapis alba (white mustard) and Amaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed) in terms of seeds germination and plants grow. It was observed that plants exhibit some tolerance to heavy metals toxicity, which depends on metal concentration and plant characteristics.
32
Yang, Xin-Yue, Yu-Xin Wei, Yan-Qiu Su, et al. "The Strategies Microalgae Adopt to Counteract the Toxic Effect of Heavy Metals." Microorganisms 13, no. 5 (2025): 989. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13050989.
Full textAbstract:
Besides biomass production, some microalgae have been used to treat wastewater contamination. However, in general, high concentrations of heavy metals significantly inhibit algal growth. We thus need to find ways to promote the resistance of microalgae to heavy metals, increase their growth rate under stress, and achieve coupling of heavy metal removal and biomass production simultaneously. In this review, mechanisms for removal of heavy metals by microalgae are proposed. Effects of exogenous chemical additives (dissolved organic matters, formaldehyde, sulphate, phosphate, nitric oxide donors, etc.) on algal biosorption to heavy metals are summarized. Genetic manipulation and microalgal strain selection strategies are also introduced, especially for the acid-tolerant strains with high biosorption efficiencies to Cr(VI) and Cd2+ at low pH conditions. Recent advances in (semi)continuous heavy-metal-bioremediation and biomass-production coupled system with immobilized microalgae, as well as challenges and solutions to the commercialization and industrialization of the coupled system were discussed.
33
Yelikbayev, B. K., Marcela C. Pagano, and G. A. Jamalova. "HYPERACCUMULATOR PLANTS FOR PHYTOREMEDIATION OF SOIL CONTAMINATED WITH HEAVY METALS." BULLETIN 5, no. 387 (2020): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2020.2518-1467.140.
Full textAbstract:
Environmental pollution, including pollution of urban soils by heavy metals causes serious environmental concern around the world. Heavy metals accumulate relatively quickly in soil but their removal rate is very slow. Hyperaccumulator plants help cleanse the environment from heavy metals. Phytoremediation is cleansing of soils contaminated with heavy metals, using plants that accumulate significant amounts of metals. An important environmental problem in large industrial cities is pollution by toxic compounds, including heavy metals. Due to the potential toxicity and high resistance of metals, soils contaminated with these elements are an environmental problem that requires effective and affordable solution. In soils heavy metals are in varying degrees of accessibility to plants. Water-soluble forms of heavy metals, as a rule, are presented in the form of various salts and organic complex compounds. Phytoremediation of urban soils from heavy metals is an important environmental challenge. Among the wild species, a special group of heavy metal hyperaccumulator plants is highlighted. Some of the land plants that can accumulate abnormally high levels of potentially toxic trace elements are known as “hyperaccumulators” and their number includes about 500 taxa. Phytoremediation is much more environmentally friendly and cheaper than other techniques, so recently it has received widespread use in various countries.
34
Tae-Jin, Lee, Matyakubov Behzad, and Hwang Yuhoon. "TOXIC IMPACT OF HEAVY METALS AND MICROBIAL COMMUNITY VARIETY DURING ANAEROBIC FERMENTATIVE HYDROGEN PRODUCTION." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Transactions 5, no. 4 (2023): 147–48. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7783042.
Full textAbstract:
Organic industrial and municipal waste is contaminated with various heavy metals. The studied samples of compost, solid and liquid digestate contain heavy metals such as Cd (0.16 mg/kg), Co (3.98 mg/kg), Cr (17.7 mg/kg), Cu (76.2 mg/kg), Ni (14.48 mg/kg), Pb (39 mg/kg), Zn (159.2 mg/kg). Attempts to produce hydrogen gas from contaminated organic waste have revealed that some heavy metals, such as Zn in low concentrations, can stimulate hydrogen gas production. However, the toxicity of heavy metals to fermentative hydrogen production has been thoroughly investigated. This study investigated the effect of heavy metals alone or in combination on biological hydrogen production. The results can be used as reference data for a comprehensive analysis of the effects of various heavy metal types at different concentrations. The microflora for seeding was collected from a sewage treatment plant and inoculated with synthetic medium.
35
Ma, Jiahui, Lailai Yan, Tongjun Guo, et al. "Association of Typical Toxic Heavy Metals with Schizophrenia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 21 (2019): 4200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16214200.
Full textAbstract:
Toxic heavy metals (THMs) are contaminants commonly found in the environment. Although a large number of studies have demonstrated their damage to the biological functions of the human being, their potential associations with the risk of developing schizophrenia remain controversial. In this study, we investigated the associations between four THMs (chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and arsenic (As)) in serum and the risk of schizophrenia. In total, 95 patients with schizophrenia (cases) and 95 normal subjects (controls) were recruited from Hebei Province, China. The serum concentrations of the 4 THMs were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). A higher concentration of Pb was found significantly associated with an elevated risk of schizophrenia (OR = 3.146; 95%CI: 1.238–7.994, p = 0.016), while significant association for the other three THMs were not observed. Besides, significant correlations were found between the metabolic biomarkers and the concentrations of Pb and As, respectively. In order to further characterize the association between these THMs and schizophrenia with greater statistical power, we conducted meta-analysis by including 538 cases and 1040 controls from the current study and 5 available datasets published from 2002 to 2018. Using a random-effect model, Cr was significantly associated with schizophrenia (SMD = 0.3246; 95%CI: 0.0166–0.6326, p < 0.01). Overall, this study suggested that higher levels of Pb and Cr may be one of the factors associated with an elevated risk of schizophrenia.
36
Foulkes, E. C. "Transport of Toxic Heavy Metals Across Cell Membranes." Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 223, no. 3 (2000): 234–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1373.2000.22334.x.
Full text
37
Akbal, Ayla, Hatice Reşorlu, and Yılmaz Savaş. "Toxic Effects of Heavy Metals on Bone Tissue." Türk Osteoporoz Dergisi 21, no. 1 (2015): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4274/tod.31644.
Full text
38
Kiss, T., and O. N. Osipenko. "Toxic effects of heavy metals on ionic channels." Pharmacological Reviews 46, no. 3 (1994): 245–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-6997(25)06805-x.
Full text
39
Foulkes, E. C. "Transport of Toxic Heavy Metals Across Cell Membranes." Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 223, no. 3 (2008): 234–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1373.2000.22334.x.
Full text
40
Senthilkumaar, S., S. Bharathi, D. Nithyanandhi, and V. Subburam. "Biosorption of toxic heavy metals from aqueous solutions." Bioresource Technology 75, no. 2 (2000): 163–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-8524(00)00021-3.
Full text
41
Umrania, Valentina V. "Bioremediation of toxic heavy metals using acidothermophilic autotrophes." Bioresource Technology 97, no. 10 (2006): 1237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2005.04.048.
Full text
42
Ivashchenko, О. О., О. О. Ivashchenko, and V. О. Andreev. "Problem of pollution of soils heavy metals." Interdepartmental Thematic Scientific Collection of Plant Protection and Quarantine, no. 63 (November 20, 2017): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36495/1606-9773.2017.63.257-264.
Full textAbstract:
An important environmental issue today is the accumulation of toxic their metals in soils. On the basis of analyzed literary sources shown to be the most polluted territory of our state is the urbanized square of the central and the south-eastern regions. Among metal-pollutants of the soil are the most widespread and toxic nets, zinc, copper, cadmium, nickel and aluminum. Mobility and bioavailability heavy metals and aluminum is directly proportional to the acidity of the soil.Taking into account the potential hazard of toxic metals for living organisms The urgent task of scientists is to assess the biological risk these substances. The article analyzes the accumulation of lead compounds (Pb) and nickel (Ni) soil fields adjacent to the highway Kyiv-Odessa, on different distances from the source of pollution.
43
Polozova, Elena V., V. V. Shilov, A. S. Bogacheva, and I. N. Klyushkin. "THE POSSIBILITY OF USING CYANOBACTERIA SYNECHOCYSTIS SP. FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF THE DEGREE OF WATER POLLUTION WITH HEAVY METAL SALTS." Hygiene and sanitation 96, no. 7 (2019): 656–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2017-96-7-656-660.
Full textAbstract:
For the first time there are provided data on the toxicity of salts of heavy metals to the cyanobacteria Synechocystis sp. CALU 713 and PCC 6803. Changes of light and temperature conditions were shown to modify cyanobacteria sensitivity to the toxic effect of salts of heavy metals. The toxicity of salts of heavy metals is determined by the dose-dependent effect of the reducing the growth rate of cyanobacteria in the incubation medium on water basis. Changes of light and temperature culture conditions modify the sensitivity of the cyanobacteria Synechocystis sp. to toxic effect of salts of heavy metals. The decrease in temperature and light in various degrees enhances the toxic effect of salts of heavy metals. Morphological changes of cyanobacteria, caused by the toxic action of salts of heavy metals were established to be nonspecific, regardless of the strain and species of the studied toxicant, showing the change of shapes and sizes, including dividing cells. At the ultrastructural level morphological changes in the cells of cyanobacteria are represented by changes of the thickness and the integrity of peptidoglycan layer of the cell wall; the damage to intracellular organelles relevant to energy metabolism: divergent tilakoid membranes with formation of intratilakoid spaces; agglutination of phycobilisomes and accumulation of polyphosphate granules; fibrous transformation of nucleoplasms with the loss of the typical granulation. A strain of Synechocystis sp. CALU 713is the most sensitive to the toxic action of salts of heavy metals and, therefore, suitable for the use in experimental toxicology. Cyanobacteria Synechocystis sp. CALU 713 and PCC 6803 are promising test-object in experimental toxicology for the assessment of the degree of water pollution with heavy metal salts. There were obtained parameters of toxicity of heavy metal salts (AgNO3; 3CdSO4•8H2O; Hg(CH3COO)2; CuSO4•5H2O) for two strains of the cyanobacteria Synechocystis sp. In these circumstances there were revealed morphological changes of the surface ultrastructure of cells of Synechocystis sp.
44
BEE, AKSHA, SHIVAM KUMAR, and ABHIJITA KHAMARI AND ANJALI PATIL. "A Brief Comperative note about the Mechanisms of Microbial Bioremediation and Phytoremediation." JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENT AND BIO-SCIENCE 38, no. 01 (2024): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.59467/jebs.2024.38.59.
Full textAbstract:
The increasing urbanization, industrialization, and modernization of the world have made heavy metal pollution a serious issue. Toxic chemicals found in industrial wastes have made a major contribution to the current disastrous environmental pollution and have impaired the growth and metabolism of living organisms. Excessive metal pollution is the result of various ineffective treatment techniques. Bioremediation of heavy metals with plants and bacteria is simultaneously a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach. Numerous methods, including biosorption, bioaccumulation, and efflux systems, are accessible for bacteria to mitigate the toxicity of heavy metals. Phytoremediation is a novel and promising way to speed up and enhance the rate of heavy metal detoxification. To deal with the toxicity of heavy metals, plants have a variety of defense mechanisms, including phytoextraction, rhizofiltration, phytostabilization, phytovolatilization, and phytotransformation. This study mainly focuses on the bacteria and plants that uptake and sequester toxic heavy metals and the possibilities for using them in bioremediation. . KEYWORDS :Bioremediation, Biosorption, Heavy metals, Phytoextraction, Phytoremediation
45
Kaur, Sukhvinder, Majid Rasool Kamli, and Arif Ali. "Role of arsenic and its resistance in nature." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 57, no. 10 (2011): 769–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w11-062.
Full textAbstract:
Contamination of the environment with heavy metals has increased drastically over the last few decades. The heavy metals that are toxic include mercury, cadmium, arsenic, and selenium. Of these heavy metals, arsenic is one of the most important global environmental pollutants and is a persistent bioaccumulative carcinogen. It is a toxic metalloid that exists in two major inorganic forms: arsenate and arsenite. Arsenite disrupts enzymatic functions in cells, while arsenate behaves as a phosphate analog and interferes with phosphate uptake and utilization. Despite its toxicity, arsenic may be actively sequestered in plant and animal tissues. Various microbes interact with this metal and have shown resistance to arsenic exposure, and they appear to possess the ars operon for arsenic resistance consisting of three to five genes, i.e., arsRBC or arsRDABC, organized into a single transcriptional unit; some microbes even use it for respiration. Microbial interactions with metals may have several implications for the environment. Microbes may play a role in cycling of toxic heavy metals and in remediation of metal-contaminated sites. There is a correlation between tolerance to heavy metals and antibiotic resistance, a global problem currently threatening the treatment of infections in plants, animals, and humans. The purpose of this review is to highlight the nature and role of toxic arsenic in bacterial systems and to discuss the various genes responsible for this heavy-metal resistance in nature and the mechanisms to detoxify this element.
46
Lubal, Maruti J. "Health Effects of Heavy Metal Contamination in Drinking Water." UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 45, no. 10 (2024): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2024/v45i104041.
Full textAbstract:
Water is essential for life, be it the life of animals, plants or human beings. It’s our prime duty to protect, manage and preserve the quality of water. Uncontrolled anthropogenic activities have resulted in contamination of fresh water resources thereby affecting the health of living beings. Rampant industrialization is a major environmental problem on the global scale for the pollution of fresh water with toxic effluents containing heavy metals. Contamination of surface water by heavy metals is the greatest quality issues because of their toxic nature, increased release and negative impact on the health of human beings. Water-borne diseases remain one of the major health concerns in the world. Heavy metals are individual metals and metal compounds that can impact human health. Exposure of humans to metals such as antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel, selenium, silver, tin, zinc, etc results in chronic and acute toxicities. The toxicity of heavy metals depends on their concentration, period of exposure and route of exposure. Humans are exposed to heavy metals either by inhalation from the atmosphere, intake through drinking water, or by ingestion through the skin by dermal contact. The present review describes the analysis of ‘heavy metal contamination in drinking water’ with reference to definition, sources, health effects on humans and preventive measures. This study suggests that, the best way to get rid of heavy metal contamination in drinking water is to remove toxic heavy metals by using the best water purification system. Also, the ground water resources must be monitored for quality assessment, source identification and bioremediation of heavy metals.
47
A, Musina, Baitasheva G, Myrzakhmetova N.O, and Kobegenova H.N. "The Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Leaves of Woody and Vegetable Plants." International Journal of Research in Science 4, no. 2 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24178/ijrs.2018.4.2.01.
Full textAbstract:
It is shown that the improvement of the environment can be achieved by using the adsorption properties of leaves of woody plants, which are able to absorb the exhaust gases from vehicles, industrial plants, dust and vapors from air. The number of toxic influence of heavy metals on vegetable plants was established with good indicative properties: Cd > Ni >Pb. Accumulation of heavy metals, leaves of the juniper have any symptoms of poisoning, inhibition of root growth, formation of necrosis, dwarfism, wilting, dropping foliage, etc, especially in leaves exposed to cadmium. Different kinds of heavy metals have their own specifics, which defining the maximum level of exposure in the investigated samples. Virtually all heavy metal compounds are toxic and have carcinogenic effect.It should be noted that the main source of it are the smokestacks of factories, the industrial enterprises and exhaust gases from vehicles. If there is an excess of heavy metals, occur symptoms on plants - growth noticeably slows, getting a dwarf form.Thus, on the basis of obtained date, we get conclusion, that the accumulation of heavy metals by leaves of woody plants, in our casejuniper and oak, is due to the passage of the adsorption process of toxic metals contained in the air basin.
48
Dabai, Aminu Isiya, and Kasim Mohammed. "CHROMIUM REMOVAL FROM TANNERY WASTEWATER: A REVIEW." Platform : A Journal of Science and Technology 3, no. 1 (2020): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.61762/pjstvol3iss1art8483.
Full textAbstract:
Tanning process generates high strength wastewater containing heavy metals, nutrients, organic and inorganic contaminants, which may adversely affect public health and the environment. The wastewater contains considerable amounts of heavy metals including Cr(VI) which is carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic, and persistent in the environment. Several physico-chemical treatment approaches were employed in tannery wastewater treatment and proved to considerably reduce the level of toxic Cr and other pollutants to low concentrations. Despite the capabilities of physico-chemical treatment methods in treating high concentrations of toxic effluents, they are associated with setbacks including low removal efficiencies, high cost of chemicals, high energy requirement as well as low nutrients removal from the wastewater stream. Microalgal wastewater treatment systems can play an important role in bioremediation of tannery effluent and are considered as low-cost, efficient treatment alternatives that can potentially remove organic and inorganic contaminants, heavy metals, and possibly reduce the toxic Cr (VI) to a much less toxic Cr (III), especially when coupled with activated carbon.Keywords: microalgae, effluent, chromium, activated sludge, absorption, heavy metals
49
Al-Musharafi, Salma K. "Heavy Metals in Sewage Treated Effluents: Pollution and Microbial Bioremediation from Arid Regions." Open Biotechnology Journal 10, no. 1 (2016): 352–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874070701610010352.
Full textAbstract:
Not all heavy metals are toxic. Some at lower concentrations are essential to the physiological status of the organism. Under certain conditions, induced toxicity occurs when the heavy metals are in the form of cations which tends to bind to certain biomolecules, thus becoming toxic to organisms. In many industries, toxic heavy metals such as As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn, are released mainly in sewage effluents causing major environmental pollution. Several of the heavy metal contaminations resulted from industrial wastes, along with the mining and burning of fossil fuels, leading to water and soil contamination which causes serious health problems. Rapid population growth plus a steady increase in agriculture and industry are the main cause of environmental pollution. The most common sources of heavy metals are fuel combustion, mining, metallurgical industries, corrosion and waste disposal which infiltrates the soil and underground water. When present at certain levels in the human, metals can cause certain diseases. Most of conventional technologies are inefficient to remove heavy metal contaminants. Microbial bioremediation is a potential method for the removal of heavy metal pollution in sewage effluents before being discharged into the environment. However, further research is needed for isolation and identification of microbes resistant to heavy metals. Industrial regulatory standards must be established to regulate the spread of non-essential metals in the environment. The regulations must be rigidly enforced. The rest of the essential metals must also be regulated since an increase over the physiological limit can also be harmful.
50
Satya Sagar, Vankadari Venkata Sesha, Aishwarya Ghule, Dhruv Talwar, Sunil Kumar, and Sourya Acharya. "Heavy Metal Encephalopathy Masquerading as Hepatic Encephalopathy – A Case Report." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 10, no. 15 (2021): 1088–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2021/232.
Full textAbstract:
In this case report we discuss a patient with neurological manifestations thought to be a case of hepatic encephalopathy. With no improvement in symptoms despite treatment, it created a diagnostic dilemma. Eventually, toxicological investigations were done which revealed that heavy metal poisoning could be the possible culprit. Encephalopathy is characterised by impaired mental state as a result of a diffuse brain dysfunction or other psychiatric condition that induces unconsciousness, typically followed by diffuse electroencephalogram (EEG) anomalies. Both primary neurological and systemic disorders are root causes of encephalopathy. Encephalopathy results from several causes such as liver failure or liver cancer, metabolic abnormalities, anoxic encephalopathy, infections, exposure to harmful compounds such as lithium paint, synthetic contaminants (toxins), inflammations (systemic lupus erythematous, sarcoidosis), drug induced, demyelination (e.g., multiple sclerosis), degenerative process like Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease and hereditary encephalopathies such as leukodystrophy of the white matter. 1 Humans have used heavy metals since many years. While many harmful health effects of heavy metals have long been established, exposure to heavy metals continues to rise in some parts of the world, especially in underdeveloped countries. Emissions have decreased over the past 100 years in most developed countries. Heavy metals are prevalent and remain in the ecosystem, in general causing bio amplification. Living systems frequently associate with heavy metals in different proportions in the habitat. Heavy metal exposure induces lipid peroxidation, Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) damage and protein modification by generation of oxygen free radicals. Exposure to these metals occurs in occupational areas by equipment, air, food and drinking water. Prolonged exposure to heavy metals may lead to neurotoxicity and brain damage. When symptoms of toxic encephalopathy emerge immediately following single acute exposure to high levels of toxic chemicals it is termed as acute toxic encephalopathy. Other than that if symptoms emerge insidiously over time in association with repeated or chronic exposure to low levels of neurotoxins it is called as chronic toxic encephalopathy. 2 In some cases, diagnosis of toxic encephalopathy is complicated by the fact that toxic chemicals can also damage liver and kidneys. In these cases hepatic dysfunction must be successfully treated before diagnosis of toxic encephalopathy can be considered. It is a diagnosis of exclusion, so a full work up for other possible aetiologies such as hepatic, uremic and infectious should be done. In this case report we have discussed heavy metal encephalopathy masquerading as hepatic dysfunction.