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Journal articles on the topic 'Heavy metal ion adsorption'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

Song, Guanling, Lijing Cao, Xiao Chen, Wenhua Hou, and Qunhui Wang. "Heavy metal adsorption changes of EAF steel slag after phosphorus adsorption." Water Science and Technology 65, no. 9 (May 1, 2012): 1570–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.048.

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A kind of electric arc furnace (EAF) steel slag was phosphated, and its isothermal and dynamic adsorptions of copper, cadmium, and lead ions were measured to determine if heavy metal adsorption changes after phosphorus adsorption. The surface area increased greatly after the slag was phosphated. Isothermal adsorption experiments showed that the theoretical Qmax of the EAF steel slag on Cu2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ improved 59, 50, and 89% respectively after it was phosphated. Dynamic adsorption results showed that the greatest adsorption capacities of unit volume of Cu2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ were 2.2, 1.8, and 1.8 times that of the column packed with original EAF steel slag when the column was packed with phosphate EAF steel slag at the same heavy metal ion concentration. The breakthrough time, the exhaustion time and elution efficiency of the column also increased when the column was packed with phosphated EAF steel slag compared with that packed with original EAF steel slag. Phosphorus adsorption could further improve the heavy metal ion adsorption of the EAF steel slag.
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2

Theodoridou, E., A. D. Jannakoudakis, P. D. Jannakoudakis, and S. Antoniadou. "Electrochemically oxidized carbon fibres as an adsorbent for the attachment of dissolved substances. Adsorption of nitro compounds and ion-exchange of heavy metals." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 69, no. 12 (December 1, 1991): 1881–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v91-272.

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The adsorption of several aromatic nitro compounds and the ion-exchange of heavy metal ions on electro-oxidized carbon fibres have been investigated using cyclic voltammetric and polarographic techniques. Electro-oxidation is performed by potentiostatic double pulse application. This procedure results in the generation of many functional —OH and —COOH groups with adsorptive and ion-exchanging properties.Multimolecular layers of adsorbed substances may be formed through a procedure of successive adsorption of the nitro-compound and electro-reduction to the corresponding amine, resulting in the attachment of considerable amounts of the nitro-compound to the carbon fibres.The ion-exchange capacity is estimated to be ca. 1 mequiv. g−1 and with slight deviations it follows the rank Ag, Cu, Cd, Pb, Hg. After the electro-reduction of the exchanged metal ions, the ion-exchange process can be repeated several times. This procedure is of importance for the removal of significant amounts of heavy and toxic metals from industrial waste waters. Key words: electro-oxidized carbon fibres, adsorption of aromatic nitro compounds, cation-exchange of heavy metals.
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3

Djunaidi, Muhammad Cholid, and Khabibi Khabibi. "Potential Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions by Eugenol Compounds and Derivatives through Ion Imprinted Polymer." Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi 22, no. 6 (October 21, 2019): 263–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jksa.22.6.263-268.

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Research on the potential of Ion Imprinted Polymer (IIP) selective adsorption of heavy metals using eugenol compounds and their derivatives has been carried out. Isolation and synthesis of eugenol derivatives with metal selective active groups and their use as selective metal carriers have been carried out with satisfactory results. Carrier effectiveness can still be improved by methods that focus on the target molecule recognition model. This adsorption method is called Ion Imprinted Polymer (IIP). The main components of IIP are functional monomers, crosslinkers, and target molecules. The use of acrylamide and its derivatives as functional monomers is useful with a lot of success achieved but also invites danger because it includes carcinogenic substances, a nerve poison, and so on. Moreover, the N group, which is an active acrylamide group, and its derivatives are only selective towards borderline metals (HSAB theory). Alternatives that are safe and can increase their selectivity are therefore needed. Eugenol, with its three potential functional groups, is believed to be able to replace the function of acrylamide and its derivatives that can even increase the effectiveness of IIP. The purpose of this study is to determine the potential of eugenol derivatives as selective adsorbents through the IIP method. This synthesis of IIP involved the use of basic ingredients of eugenol and its derivatives (polyeugenol, EOA, polyacetate). Each base material is contacted with a metal template then crosslinked with three kinds of crosslinking agents, namely EGDMA, DVB, and bisphenol. IIP is formed after the metal template is released using acid/HCl. The outcomes obtained demonstrate that the IIP method is able to increase the metal adsorption capacity and that the IIP method for metals is largely determined by the release of metals, which will form a hole for metal entry through adsorption. Poly-Cd-DVB, Eug-Cr-DVB, Poly-Cu-bisphenol, Polyacetate -Cr-DVB are polymer materials that have the potential to make up an IIP.
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4

Guo, Xue Yi, Sha Liang, and Qing Hua Tian. "Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Aqueous Solutions by Adsorption Using Modified Orange Peel as Adsorbent." Advanced Materials Research 236-238 (May 2011): 237–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.237.

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In this study, orange peel (OP) was modified by KCl to prepare a novel orange peel adsorbent named as KOP. The adsorption behaviors of KOP for five heavy metals (Cu2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, Ni2+) were studied. The effects of pH, adsorption time and metal ion concentration on single heavy metal solution adsorption by KOP were investigated. All adsorption processes can attain equilibrium with 20min and kinetics data of five heavy metal ions were fitted to pseudo-second-equation; the maximum adsorption capacities for Cu2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Zn2+and Ni2+were calculated as 59.77, 125.63, 141.84, 45.29 and 49.14 mg/g, respectively. Recycle and reuse experiments indicate that KOP could be used for more than 10 cycles. The effect of coexist metal ions on adsorption can be neglected.
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5

Al-Asheh, Sameer, Fawzi Banat, and Dheaya‘ Al-Rousan. "Adsorption of Copper, Zinc and Nickel Ions from Single and Binary Metal Ion Mixtures on to Chicken Feathers." Adsorption Science & Technology 20, no. 9 (November 2002): 849–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/02636170260555778.

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Certain industries often produce mixtures of heavy metal ions in their waste products. Because of the nature of heavy metal ions and the adsorption process, such metal ions can compete with each other for the sorption sites on an adsorbent during adsorption processes. In the present work, binary systems composed of copper, zinc and nickel ions were selected as examples of heavy metal ion mixtures and tested via batch adsorption processes using chicken feathers as an adsorbent. The uptake of individual metal ions was depressed by the presence of another. Thus, the uptake of copper ions from an initial copper ion solution of 20 ppm concentration was reduced from 0.042 mmol/g to ca. 0.019 mmol/g by the presence of a similar concentration of nickel ions. The Freundlich, Langmuir and Sips multi-component adsorption models were employed to predict the uptake of metal ions from binary metal ion solutions using constants obtained from adsorption isotherm models applied to single-solute systems.
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6

Arrisujaya, Dian. "EFISIENSI PENYERAPAN KULIT BUAH ATAP (Arenga pinnata) MENGIKAT ION-ION LOGAM KROMIUM DALAM LARUTAN." Jurnal Sains Natural 4, no. 1 (December 1, 2017): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31938/jsn.v4i1.76.

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The Adsorption Efficiency of Atap Fruit Shell (Arenga pinnata Merr) on remove Chromium Metal Ions from aSolution Arenga pinnata fruit shell was dried, pulverized, and used for biosorption of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) from a solution. Column experiments were conducted to investigate the affected parameters of pH solution, particle size, chromium metal ion concentration, flow rate and amount of mass biosorbent. The maximum adsorption efficiency of metal ions Cr(III) and Cr(VI), was 47.79% and 41.47% respectively, initial metal ion concentrations of 75-100 mg/L at initial pH of 3 for Cr(VI) and initial pH of 4 for Cr(III) with the particlesize ≤180μm and flow rate of 1-2 mL/min. Adsorption capacity will increase with increasing the number of mass biosorbent, however adsorption efficiency will decrease. An FTIR examination revealed changes between the natural and heavy metals-loaded biomaterial. Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) also revealed changes in the surface morphology of thebiomass as a result of heavy metal adsorption. Based on these results, it could be concluded that the Arenga pinnata was effective in removing heavy metal from aqueous solution and needed consideration for scaled-up apllication.Keywords : Arenga pinnata, heavy metals, biosorption, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) ABSTRAK Kemampuan penyerapan kulit buah atap (Areng pinnata) terhadap ion logam Cr(III) dan Cr(VI) dalam larutan. Metoda kolom digunakan dalam proses biosorpsi dengan parameter yang mempengaruhi efisiensi penyerapan yaitu pH larutan, ukuran partikel, konsentrasi ion logam, laju alir dan massabiosorben. Efisiensipenyerapan maksimum ion logam Cr(III) dan Cr(VI) oleh kulit buah atap masing-masing adalah 47.79% dan 41.47 % dengan konsentrasi ion logam 75-100 mg/L pada pH 3 untuk Cr(VI) dan pH 4 untuk Cr(III), ukuran partikel biosorben ≤180µm serta pada laju alir 1-2 mL/menit.Efisiensi penyerapan akan meningkat dengan penambahan massa biosorben, namunkapasitas penyerapannya akan menurun. Analisis FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red)digunakan untuk mengetahui membandingkan biomaterial sebelum dan sesudah berikatan dengan ion-ion logam berat.perubahan gugus fungsi pada kulit buah atap dianalisis dengan FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red). Sedangkan untuk melihat perubahan permukaan pada kulit buah atap digunakan SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope).Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahan biomaterial kulit buah atap efektif dalam menyerap logam berat dalam larutan dan biomaterial ini dapat dipertimbangkan untuk skala yang lebih lanjut.Kata kunci : Buah atap, Arenga pinnata, logam massa, biosorpsi, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dan scanning electron microscope (SEM)
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7

Ma, Hongyang, Benjamin Hsiao, and Benjamin Chu. "Electrospun Nanofibrous Membrane for Heavy Metal Ion Adsorption." Current Organic Chemistry 17, no. 13 (June 1, 2013): 1361–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272811317130003.

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8

Schroden, Rick C., Mohammed Al-Daous, Sergey Sokolov, Brian J. Melde, Justin C. Lytle, Andreas Stein, Mari Carmen Carbajo, José Torralvo Fernández, and Eduardo Enciso Rodríguez. "Hybrid macroporous materials for heavy metal ion adsorption." J. Mater. Chem. 12, no. 11 (2002): 3261–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b204065b.

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9

Dong, Guo Ri, and Yan Zhang. "Diatomite Modification and its Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions." Advanced Materials Research 864-867 (December 2013): 664–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.664.

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Diatomite plays a very important role in sewage adsorption and especially has vast prospect in adsorbing heavy metal ions. The paper, on the basis of domestic and overseas literatures concerning diatomite, summarizes the modification methods of diatomite and adsorption research of heavy metal ions. Besides, it also forecasts the prospect of using diatomite to specifically adsorb heavy metal ion.
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10

Zhou, Xiu Yan, and Xiang Xin Xue. "Study on Adsorption of Heavy Metalion in Metallurgical Wastewater by Sepiolite." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 2585–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.2585.

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In this study, the sorption of heavy metals (Cu2+, Pb2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+) from simulated metallurgical wastewater by sepiolite under different dosage, pH, adsorption time and temperature conditions was investigated. The results showed that adsorption increased with the increase of adsorbent dosage until the adsorption equilibrium was reached. When the pH is 6, adsorption of heavy metal ions by sepiolite was in the order of Cu2+ > Zn2+ > Pb2+ > Cd2+ and removal rates of the metal ion were 91%, 90%, 91%, 84%, respectively. The effect of adsorption time on adsorption was not significant. At room temperature, with the adsorption time 45 min, the adsorption of metal ions is almost saturated, adsorption of Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+ was 13.05mg/g, 85.47mg/g, 62.36mg/g and 15.67mg/g, respectively.
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11

Suppapruek, Matcharee, Poonsub Threepopnatkul, Amnard Sittattrakul, and Wanchai Lerdwijitjarud. "Effect of Chelating Agents on Removal of Heavy Metal Cations of Cellulose-based Ion Exchange Resins from Water Hyacinth." E3S Web of Conferences 302 (2021): 02020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130202020.

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Presently, heavy metal pollution in natural water resources is considered very hazardous. The purpose of this research is to develop the novel cellulose-based ion exchange resins from water hyacinth and the effect of chelating agents on the removal of heavy metal cations from single-metal aqueous solutions has been investigated. Cellulose was prepared from the stem of water hyacinth by alkaline treatment process then cellulose-based ion exchange resins were prepared via esterification reaction between cellulose with two different chelating agents such as pyromellitic dianhydride and 3,3’,4,4’- benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride. The chemical structure, crystallinity index, surface morphology, and thermal stability of resins were characterized and analyzed with FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TGA, respectively. The results confirmed the esterification reaction between anhydride groups of chelating agents with hydroxyl groups of celluloses due to the apparent peak of the ester group. Heavy metal cations adsorptions were studied in optimum conditions and the residual concentration of heavy metal cations was measured by ICP. These resins showed high adsorption capacities of more than 98 mg/g for Pb2+, Cd2+, Cu2+, and Ni2+. Moreover, the adsorption process was controlled by the ion exchange mechanism. Therefore, the novel cellulose-based ion exchange resins could be suitable for the removal of pollutants from wastewater.
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12

Maranescu, Bianca, Lavinia Lupa, and Aurelia Visa. "Heavy metal removal from waste waters by phosphonate metal organic frameworks." Pure and Applied Chemistry 90, no. 1 (January 26, 2018): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2017-0307.

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AbstractThe increase attention in the area of phosphonate metal organic framework is exemplified with a variety of applications and a rich chemistry of these compounds. Water pollution caused by heavy metal ions is a major concern due to their toxicity to many life forms. In order to decrease the heavy metals impact upon the environment various technologies of water treatment such as: chemical sedimentation, ion exchange, redox process are studied. The tendency is to find a versatile and economical method of heavy metals removal from waste waters. Phosphonate metal organic frameworks were obtained by the reaction of Ni(CH3COO)2·4H2O, phosphonic acid (phosphonoacetic (CP), vinyl phosphonic acid (VP) and N,N-bis(phosphonomethyl)glycine (Gly)) in hydrothermal conditions. Coordination polymers synthesized were characterized by FTIR, XRD, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The adsorption processes represent a very good alternative for heavy metals removal due to low costs and ease of operation. In the present paper the adsorption performance of the mentioned materials in the removal process of heavy metals from aqueous solutions, was studied using the batch method. The adsorption conditions were investigated by varying the initial pH, contact time and adsorbate initial concentration for chromium metal ions removal from aqueous solutions. It was found that the adsorption efficiency of the studied materials in the removal process of Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solutions is in the following order: Ni-CP<Ni-Gly≤Ni-VP.
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13

Esrafili, Leili, Vahid Safarifard, Elham Tahmasebi, M. D. Esrafili, and Ali Morsali. "Functional group effect of isoreticular metal–organic frameworks on heavy metal ion adsorption." New Journal of Chemistry 42, no. 11 (2018): 8864–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nj01150h.

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14

Aji, Wahyu Waskito, and Edi Suharyadi. "Study of Heavy Metal Ions Mn(II), Zn(II), Fe(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Co(II) Adsorption Using MFe2O4 (M=Co2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Fe2+, Mn2+, and Ni2+) Magnetic Nanoparticles as Adsorbent." Materials Science Forum 901 (July 2017): 142–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.901.142.

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Removal of heavy metal ions (Co2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Fe2+, Mn2+, and Ni2+) from artificial wastewater has been successfully perfomed by adsorption process using magnetic ferrite (MFe2O4; M=Co2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Fe2+, Mn2+, and Ni2+) nanoparticles. Ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized using coprecipitation method and used as absorbent in heavy metal ions removal with concentration of 5 g/L and 10 g/L. The adsorption and desorption ability of each ferrite nanoparticles, the effect of heavy metal ion in adsorption and desorption process, and the endurance of ferrite nanoparticles were investigated using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The removal process has been conducted for wastewater at pH 7.It showed the presence of heavy metal precipitate in solution. The result shows that MgFe2O4 has the highest adsorption ability than other ferrite and MnFe2O4 is the lowest. Desorption ability of all ferrites is high except for Fe ion removal. Desorption of Fe ion shows very low result which might due to FeO bond from Fe ion reaction in acid solution. The endurance of MnFe2O4 and Fe3O4 as adsorbent after repeated adsorption and desorption process is up to 4 times and more than 6 times. The MnFe2O4 nanoparticles show a stability in adsorption ability after 4 times repetition adsorption and desorption process.
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15

Nurhadini, Nurhadini, and Imelda H. Silalahi. "Adsorpsi Hg(II) Menggunakan Sargassum crassifolium dengan Adanya Pb(II), Cu(II) dan Fe(II)." Indo. J. Chem. Res. 5, no. 1 (July 31, 2017): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598//ijcr.2017.5-nur.

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Amalgamation use mercury in mining process especially small-scale gold mining and it has been impacted on mercury contamination in environment. Mercury is one of heavy metal that toxic and can accumulate in water, soil and organism. Adsorption method is one of alternative option that effective to remove heavy metal. This method depends on adsorbent type, pH, adsorbent composition with metal or presence of several metal ions. Beside mercury, wastewater of mining gold have another metal ions such as Pb(II), Cu(II) dan Fe(II) can be found by human activity or naturally present. This research aim is to study effect of Pb(II), Cu(II), and Fe(II) in Hg(II) adsorption by using Sargassum crassofolium adsorbent. Research stages are adsorbent activation and mercury adsorption on binary and ternary system respectively in equimass amount of metals ion and equimolar amounts of metals. Based on adsorption analysis is known that Pb(II) and Cu(II) is Hg(II) competitor while Fe (II) is not Hg(II) competitor in adsoption by using Sargassum crassifolium. On binary system in equimass amount of metals ion and equimolar amounts of metals that the largest decreasing effect of Hg(II) adsorption in system contain Cu(II).
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16

Zang, Chuanfeng, Desuo Zhang, Jiaqing Xiong, Hong Lin, and Yuyue Chen. "Preparation of a Novel Adsorbent and Heavy Metal Ion Adsorption." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 9, no. 4 (December 2014): 155892501400900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501400900420.

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The article focuses on the preparation of a novel adsorbent by grafting amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer to cotton fibers and the adsorption of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution. The prepared novel adsorbent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results show that the amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer was grafted to the oxidized cotton fibers, and the adsorbent with amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer was successfully obtained. The grooves on the surface of the grafted cotton fiber were filled with amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer. The adsorption experiments show that the adsorption amount of Cu2+ and Pb2+ was up to 16.1 mg/g and 13.4 mg/g with the metal ion concentration of 319.5 ppm and 315.9 ppm, respectively. When the dosage of adsorbent was 1.5 g in 100 mL metal ion solution, the adsorption rate of Cu2+ and Pb2+ reached 73.5 wt. % and 71.2 wt.%, respectively. The use of the adsorbent for the removal of metal ions is considered to be efficient and have great potential for practical applications.
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17

Lu, Quanfang, Jie Yu, Jinzhang Gao, Wu Yang, and Yan Li. "A promising absorbent of acrylic acid/poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel prepared by glow-discharge electrolysis plasma." Open Chemistry 10, no. 4 (August 1, 2012): 1349–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-012-0055-9.

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AbstractAn acrylic acid/poly(ethylene glycol) (AAc/PEG) hydrogel was synthesized in aqueous solution by a simple one-step method using glow-discharge electrolysis plasma (GDEP) technique. The structure of AAc/PEG hydrogel was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Factors influencing the adsorption of heavy-metal ions such as solution pH, contact time, initial heavy-metal ion concentration were examined systematically by batch experiments. Results showed that both chemical complexation and ion exchange played an important role for heavy-metal ion adsorption onto AAc/PEG hydrogel. The adsorption isothermals followed the Langmuir isotherm and the adsorption kinetics fitted the pseudo-second-order model at 25°C with a pH 6. In addition, AAc/PEG hydrogel can be also regenerated and re-used.
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18

Smail, Heman A., Kafia M. Shareef, and Zainab H. Ramli. "An Eco-Friendly Process for Removal of Lead from Aqueous Solution." Modern Applied Science 11, no. 5 (April 8, 2017): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v11n5p47.

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The adsorption of lead (Pb II) ion on different types of synthesized zeolite was investigated. The BET surface area, total pore volume & average pore size distribution of these synthesized zeolites were determined by adsorption isotherms for N2, the surface area & total pore volume of their sources were found by adsorption isothermN2.The adsorption equilibrium was measured after 24h at room temperature (RT) & concentration 10mg.L-1 of Pb (II) was used. The adsorption of heavy metal Pb (II) on four different prepared zeolites (LTA from Montmorillonite clay, FAU(Y)-B.H (G2) from Barley husk, Mordenite (G1) from Chert rock, FAU(X)-S.C (G3) from shale clay & modified Shale clay by oxalic acid (N1) & sodium hydroxide (N2)), were compared with the adsorption of their sources by using static batch experimental method. The major factors affecting the heavy metal ion sorption on different synthesized zeolites & their sources were investigated. The adsorption equilibrium capacity (Qm) of Pb (II) ion for different synthesized zeolites ordered from (N1>N2>LTA>G3>G2>G1&for their sources ordered Shale clay >Montmorilonite> Barley husk>Chert rock. The atomic absorption spectrometry was used for analysis of lead heavy metal ion, the obtained results in this study showed that the different synthesized zeolites were efficient ion exchanges for removing heavy metal, in particular, the modified zeolite from shale clay by oxalic acid.
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19

Stefan, Mircea, Adriana Bors, Daniela Simina Stefan, Ionut Alexandru Savu Radu, and Cicerone Marinescu. "Sorption of Heavy Metal on Natural Clay." Revista de Chimie 68, no. 12 (January 15, 2018): 2804–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.17.12.5982.

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Sorption of heavy metals on Na-montmorillonite was studied as a function of solution pH and different concentrations of background electrolyte and also a function of added metal ion at constant pH. Equilibrium isotherms have been measured and analyzed using a Langmuir isotherm model. The metal ions were predominantly adsorbed on the permanent charge sites in a easily replaceable state. There was also evident a substantial involvement of the hydroxyl groups on the edges of Na-montmorillonite in specific adsorption of the cations especially at higher pH.
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Negi, Surindra, Vir Singh, and Jyoti Rawat. "GREEN SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING MICROALGAL EXTRACT AND ITS APPLICATION IN METAL ION REMOVAL FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION." Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences 9, no. 2 (April 25, 2021): 214–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18006/2021.9(2).214.230.

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Heavy metal pollution is of great concern and cannot be ignored as heavy metals are highly mobile in soil and are recalcitrant. Nanotechnology provides a novel sustainable approach for synthesizing materials of desired properties, composition, and structure, it is however expected to adsorb heavy metals and play a significant role in water treatment. Green chemistry is the cost-effective, non-toxic, and environment friendly approach that involves the use of biological components as reducing and stabilizing agents for the synthesis of nanoparticles. In the present study, heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd II) and lead (Pb II) were successfully removed from its aqueous solution by an adsorption process using the silver nanoparticles of size ~15nm biosynthesized using freshwater algal extract. The adsorption peak at 411 nm confirms the formation of silver nanoparticles. The maximum value of metal ion adsorption capacity (23.98 mg/g) was observed for Pb (II). The higher value of R2 showed that the experimental data were fitted best with Langmuir isotherm. The rate kinetics study showed that Pb (II) adsorption on Ag nanoparticles followed pseudo-second order kinetics (R2>0.9) indicating that Pb (II) was attached to the nanoparticles surface through electrostatic force of attraction, also referred to as chemisorption whereas Cd (II) adsorption on Ag nanoparticles followed pseudo-first order kinetics (R2 >0.8) indicating physical adsorption between adsorbate and adsorbent.
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21

Lestari, Intan. "Biosorption of Zn (II) Metal Ion by Ca-Alginate Immobilized Durian (Durio Zibethinus) Seed." Journal of Chemical Natural Resources 1, no. 2 (August 28, 2019): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jcnar.v1i2.1254.

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Heavy metal biosorption by alginate immobilized durian seed has been done. The immobilization of durian seed powder to Ca-alginate was able to improve biomass adsorption process, increase uptake capacity, ease separation from solution, generate and repeat biosorbent. In this experiment the effect of pH, contact time, concentration and temperature on the uptake capacity of metal ions Zn(II) in solution were studied. Biosorption was done batch methods and result was studied Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The adsorption of heavy metal was optimum in pH 5 with 75 mins contact time and Zn(II) ion under the concentration of 250-300 mg/l. The adsorption isotherm data was characterized using Langmuir and Freundlich equation. The equilibrium biosorption isotherm showed that alginate immobilized durian seed process has high affinities with adsorption capacities of 25.05 mg/g. All results showed that alginate immobilized durian seed is an alternative low cost biosorbent for heavy metal ion removal from aqueous solution
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22

Vuong Hoan, Nguyen Thi, Nguyen Thi Anh Thu, Hoang Van Duc, Nguyen Duc Cuong, Dinh Quang Khieu, and Vien Vo. "Fe3O4/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite: Synthesis and Its Application for Toxic Metal Ion Removal." Journal of Chemistry 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2418172.

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The synthesis of reduced graphene oxide modified by magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4/rGO) and its application for heavy metals removal were demonstrated. The obtained samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and magnetic measurement. The results showed that the obtained graphene oxide (GO) contains a small part of initial graphite as well as reduced oxide graphene. GO exhibits very high surface area in comparison with initial graphite. The morphology of Fe3O4/rGO consists of very fine spherical iron nanooxide particles in nanoscale. The formal kinetics and adsorption isotherms of As(V), Ni(II), and Pb(II) over obtained Fe3O4/rGO have been investigated. Fe3O4/rGO exhibits excellent heavy metal ions adsorption indicating that it is a potential adsorbent for water sources contaminated by heavy metals.
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23

Ceylan, H., T. Şahan, R. Gürkan, and Ş. Kubilay. "Removal of Some Heavy Metal Cations from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption onto Natural Kaolin." Adsorption Science & Technology 23, no. 7 (September 2005): 519–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/026361705775212475.

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The adsorption removal of some heavy metal cations such as Cu(II), Zn(II) and Co(II) from aqueous solution onto kaolin has been studied using the batch method with initial metal ion concentrations within the range 15–70 mg/l. The percentage adsorption and equilibrium concentrations were determined by means of atomic absorption flame photometry as a function of adsorbate concentration, pH and temperature. Ion-exchange studies showed that over the complete concentration range studied the adsorption ratios for metal cations adsorbed onto kaolin correlated with the linear forms of the Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin—Kaganer—Radushkevich (DKR) adsorption isotherms. The cationexchange capacity of kaolin towards each metal ion studied was evaluated. It was found that the adsorption phenomena depended on the charge density and diameter of the hydrated ion. The equilibrium studies demonstrated that the selectivity of the ions followed the sequence Zn(II) > Cu(II) > Co(II) at pH 7.0. Calculation of thermodynamic parameters such as the standard enthalpy (ΔH0), Gibbs free energy (ΔG0) and entropy (ΔS0) showed that the adsorption of the heavy metal ions studied onto kaolin was an endothermic process which was favoured at higher temperatures. These results show that natural kaolin has a considerable potential for the removal of heavy metal cationic species from aqueous solution and wastewater.
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Hathal, Mustafa M., and Basim O. Hasan. "Studying the Effect of Operating Parameters on the Removal of Nickel Ion from an Adsorber by Using COMSOL Multiphysics Simulation." Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences 23, no. 4 (December 22, 2020): 357–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.29194/njes.23040357.

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The heavy metals are considered dangerous pollutants which harm health and environment. The adsorption process is the cost effective process to get-rid of heavy metal efficiently. In this study, the adsorption bed of Nickel is simulated by using COMSOL Multiphysics to find the effect of different operating parameters namely; flow rate, temperature and pollutant concentration on adsorption bed efficiency. The modeling of non-isothermal adsorption bed based on experimental isotherms kinetic of previous work is developed too. The results showed that the optimal conditions to generate maximum removal efficiency of heavy metal were at 50◦C inlet temperature, 0.1 M inlet concentration, and 80 ml/min flow rate to achieve removal values higher than 50 % of long operation period time.
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Choi, Moonjung, and Jyongsik Jang. "Heavy metal ion adsorption onto polypyrrole-impregnated porous carbon." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 325, no. 1 (September 2008): 287–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2008.05.047.

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Xia, Chunhua, Xueying Zhang, and Linghui Xia. "Heavy metal ion adsorption by permeable oyster shell bricks." Construction and Building Materials 275 (March 2021): 122128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.122128.

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Xia, Chunhua, Xueying Zhang, and Linghui Xia. "Heavy metal ion adsorption by permeable oyster shell bricks." Construction and Building Materials 275 (March 2021): 122128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.122128.

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28

D, Munkhbat, K. Shiomori, and Ochirkhuyag B. "Characterization of Mongolian natural minerals and their application for heavy metal adsorbent." Mongolian Journal of Chemistry 17, no. 43 (February 3, 2017): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjc.v17i43.747.

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In this study, the structural characteristic and the adsorption properties of heavy metals on Mongolian natural minerals were investigated. The natural samples were confirmed as Heulandite group of Clinoptilolite type zeolite and clay sample that contains albite and quartz by X-ray diffraction analysis. According to BET surface analysis, natural zeolites have mesoporous type of pore. The results of adsorption study showed that adsorption ability of natural zeolite is high effective for lead ion in acidic aqueous solution and the order of heavy metal selectivity was Pb2+>>Zn2+>Cd2+. The adsorption performance of Arsenic(V) is significantly increased by modification with magnesium oxide on natural zeolite.
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29

Rungrodnimitchai, Supitcha. "Rapid Preparation of Biosorbents with High Ion Exchange Capacity from Rice Straw and Bagasse for Removal of Heavy Metals." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/634837.

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This work describes the preparation of the cellulose phosphate with high ion exchange capacity from rice straw and bagasse for removal of heavy metals. In this study, rice straw and bagasse were modified by the reaction with phosphoric acid in the presence of urea. The introduced phosphoric group is an ion exchangeable site for heavy metal ions. The reaction by microwave heating yielded modified rice straw and modified bagasse with greater ion exchange capacities (∼3.62 meq/g) and shorter reaction time (1.5–5.0 min) than the phosphorylation by oil bath heating. Adsorption experiments towards Pb2+, Cd2+, and Cr3+ions of the modified rice straw and the modified bagasse were performed at room temperature (heavy metal concentration 40 ppm, adsorbent 2.0 g/L). The kinetics of adsorption agreed with the pseudo-second-order model. It was shown that the modified rice straw and the modified bagasse could adsorb heavy metal ions faster than the commercial ion exchange resin (Dowax). As a result of Pb2+sorption test, the modified rice straw (RH-NaOH 450W) removed Pb2+much faster in the initial step and reached 92% removal after 20 min, while Dowax (commercial ion exchange resin) took 90 min for the same removal efficiency.
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30

Chen, Yajie, Xue Bai, and Zhengfang Ye. "Recent Progress in Heavy Metal Ion Decontamination Based on Metal–Organic Frameworks." Nanomaterials 10, no. 8 (July 29, 2020): 1481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10081481.

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Heavy metals are inorganic pollutants which pose a serious threat to human and environmental safety, and their effective removal is becoming an increasingly urgent issue. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are a novel group of crystalline porous materials, which have proven to be promising adsorbents because of their extremely high surface areas, optimizable pore volumes and pore size distributions. This study is a systematic review of the recent research on the removal of several major heavy metal ions by MOFs. Based on the different structures of MOFs, varying adsorption capacity can be achieved, ranging from tens to thousands of milligrams per gram. Many MOFs have shown a high selectivity for their target metal ions. The corresponding mechanisms involved in capturing metal ions are outlined and finally, the challenges and prospects for their practical application are discussed.
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Zhou, Wei Tao, Jian Xin He, Shi Zhong Cui, and Wei Dong Gao. "Nanofibrous Membrane of Silk Fibroin/Cellulose Acetate Blend for Heavy Metal Ion Adsorption." Advanced Materials Research 148-149 (October 2010): 1431–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.148-149.1431.

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Silk fibroin/cellulose acetate blend Nanofibrous membranes were prepared by electro- spinning and their performances were evaluated as a heavy metal ion adsorbent. The electrospun nanofibrous membranes were comprised of randomly oriented ultra-fine fibers of 100-600nm diameters. As a result of field emission electron microscope (FEEM), compared with pure nanofibrous membranes, the anti-felting shrinkage of SF/CA blend nanofibrous membranes with 20% CA content was markedly improved after treatment with 100% ethanol. Metal ion adsorption test was performed with Cu2+ as a model heavy metal ion in a stock solution. The pure SF nanofibrous membranes exhibited high metal ion capacities compared with that pure CA nanofibrous membrane. Especially, the SF/CA blend nanofibrous membranes had an exceptional performance for the adsorption of metal ions, and the maximum milligrams per gram of metal ions adsorbed reached 22.8mg/g for Cu2+. This indicated that SF and CA had synergetic effect.
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Yao, Qiang-ling, Ze Xia, Chuan-jin Tang, Liu Zhu, Wei-nan Wang, Tian Chen, and Ying-ming Tan. "Characteristics of Heavy Metal Ion Adsorption by Silty Mudstones in Coal Mine Goafs." Geofluids 2020 (February 12, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8560151.

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Coal mine goafs can be used to store and purify mine water; therefore, they are important for mitigating the environmental impact of mining on ecologically fragile areas in Western China. Coal gangue in goafs can reduce turbidity, suspended matter, total hardness, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in mine wastewater. Because gangue in goaf areas is rich in clay minerals, they serve as ion exchange sites. We investigated the adsorption of heavy metal ions by silty mudstones in the Ulan Mulun mine. The adsorption kinetics and isothermal adsorption characteristics of four heavy metal ions, i.e., Pb(II), Cd(II), Cr(III), and Mn(II), were investigated using batch experiments. Under a pH of 6.75 and temperature of 20°C, the adsorption capacity of silty mudstone particles (<74 μm) was 6.3012 g, 1.5701, 1.2571, and 1.3729 mg/g for Pb(II), Cd(II), Cr(III), and Mn(II), respectively. Based on the experimental results, quantitative relationships between the adsorption quantity per unit of rock surface and the equilibrium concentration of heavy metals in solution were developed using Langmuir, Freundlich, and D–R equations. The relationships were used to obtain the equilibrium concentration of the solution. Finally, the ratio of the f value of the water-rock contact area in the goaf to the water volume was calculated and analyzed. The f value was inversely proportional to the average vertical opening of gaps between gangues in the goaf. The adsorption rate functions for Pb(II), Cd(II), Cr(III), and Mn(II) in the goaf were obtained, and the corresponding adsorption capacities were calculated. The adsorption capacities were controlled by the f value and adsorption properties of the gangue. These results can be used in future studies on mine wastewater treatment.
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Khaligh, Nader Ghaffari, and Mohd Rafie Johan. "Recent Application of the Various Nanomaterials and Nanocatalysts for the Heavy Metals’ Removal from Wastewater." Nano 13, no. 09 (September 2018): 1830006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292018300062.

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The pollution of water due to the release of heavy metals are particularly problematic and supplies of clean water have become a major problem worldwide. The heavy metal ions can cause toxicities and serious side effects toward human health; therefore, these metal ions should be removed from water and wastewater. A variety of strategies have been developed for efficient heavy metal removal from waters. Adsorption/ion exchange strategy play a great important role in removing heavy metal ions due to their advantages. Nanomaterials are excellent adsorbents and extensive studies have been performed to remove heavy metals from wastewater by developing and using various nanomaterials. Recent developments for the heavy metals removal by various nanomaterials, mainly including carbon-based nanomaterials, iron-based nanomaterials and photocatalytic nanomaterials in batch and flow systems are described in this review.
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34

Mohammed, Nidhal M. Sher, and Haydar A. Mohammad Salim. "Adsorption of Cr(Vi) Ion from Aqueous Solutions by Solid Waste of Potato Peels." Science Journal of University of Zakho 5, no. 3 (September 28, 2017): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.25271/2017.5.3.392.

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Pollution of wastewater with heavy metal has always been a serious problem to the environment. Chromium is considered one of the most noxious heavy metals. Adsorption is now reorganized as an alternative technology of defence for chromium removal due to local availability, technical efficiency and cost effectiveness. Potato peel powder can be used as a low cost biosorbent to remove hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions under various experimental conditions. Different parameters including equilibrium contact time, initial metal ion concentration, potato peel dose, pH and temperature were studied through a number of batch sorption experiments. Both the Langmuir and Freundlich were found to fit the adsorption isotherm of Cr (VI) ion onto potato peel. The Langmuir adsorption capacity was found to be 1.97 mg/g while Freundlich constants including Kf and n were 1.57 and 2.5, respectively. The adsorption kinetic was found to be more fit with the pseudo-first order model. This study showed a high efficiency of potato peel for the biosorption of Cr (VI) ion from aqueous solutions.
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35

Yang, Pengqiang, Huanghe, and Rujun Gao. "Characteristics of Phosphorus Adsorption and Release in Different Types of Sediments." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 8, no. 05 (May 1, 2020): 342–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v8i05.mp01.

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Taking different types of sediments as the research object, this research studied the adsorption and release characteristics of phosphorus under different conditions of different temperatures, coexisting heavy metal ion system, organic matter content and sediment particle size. Through used correlation analysis and principal component analysis, it discussed the influence of various factors on the adsorption and release of phosphorus in sediments. The results show that the adsorption of phosphorus by five different types of sediments from different sources reached saturation equilibrium in about 10 hours, and the increasing rates of 0 ℃, 15 ℃ and 30 ℃ are 17.5% ~ 23.7% and 18.2% ~ 38.3%, respectively. The addition of coexisting heavy metal ion solution accelerated the adsorption of phosphorus in the sediment and reduced the total amount of phosphorus adsorption, that is, heavy metal ions inhibited the adsorption of phosphorus in the sediment; the presence of organic matter in the sediment would reduce its adsorption of phosphorus , Taihu farm and wetland sampling points have the largest sediment organic matter content. Compared with the other three points, the adsorption of phosphorus of these two points accounted for 20.6% and 22.1%; the adsorption and release of phosphorus by sediment increased with the decrease of particle size. The maximum release rate was 5.216mg/kg-1·h-1. The result of principal component analysis shows that the order of influence on the adsorption and release of phosphorus by sediments is temperature> disturbance> organic matter content> heavy metal ion influence> particle size of sediments.
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36

Desta, Mulu Berhe. "Batch Sorption Experiments: Langmuir and Freundlich Isotherm Studies for the Adsorption of Textile Metal Ions onto Teff Straw (Eragrostis tef) Agricultural Waste." Journal of Thermodynamics 2013 (September 17, 2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/375830.

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Adsorption of heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Pb, Ni, and Cu) onto Activated Teff Straw (ATS) has been studied using batch-adsorption techniques. This study was carried out to examine the adsorption capacity of the low-cost adsorbent ATS for the removal of heavy metals from textile effluents. The influence of contact time, pH, Temperature, and adsorbent dose on the adsorption process was also studied. Results revealed that adsorption rate initially increased rapidly, and the optimal removal efficiency was reached within about 1 hour. Further increase in contact time did not show significant change in equilibrium concentration; that is, the adsorption phase reached equilibrium. The adsorption isotherms could be fitted well by the Langmuir model. The value in the present investigation was less than one, indicating that the adsorption of the metal ion onto ATS is favorable. After treatment with ATS the levels of heavy metals were observed to decrease by 88% (Ni), 82.9% (Cd), 81.5% (Cu), 74.5% (Cr), and 68.9% (Pb). Results indicate that the freely abundant, locally available, low-cost adsorbent, Teff straw can be treated as economically viable for the removal of metal ions from textile effluents.
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37

Xie, Jian Jun, Na Li, Kai Huang, and Xin Qiang Han. "Adsorption Properties for Superabsorbent of Inverse Suspension Polymerization Poly(acrylate-Co-Acrylamide)." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 851–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.851.

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Superabsorbent polymers are lightly crosslinked, hydrophilic polymer network having many functional groups. The adsorption properties in heavy metal ion solutions using poly(acrylate-co-acrylamide)(PAAM) are investigated. It is found that PAAM has a high uptake to heavy metal ions, and that the adsorption of heavy metal ions is greatly influenced by pH and the initial solution concentrations. The biggest and the smallest amount of adsorption are Cu2+and Cr3+in CuCl2and CrCl3solution, respectively. It was feasible for selective adsorption of the metal ions in the solution onto PAAM hydrogel by controlling the pH values of the mixing solution for CuCl2, FeCl3, CrCl3.Langmiur equatiom can satisfactorily fit for the adsorption of Cu2+while not fit for that of Fe3+and Cr3+.
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Khasbaatar, D., and Ung Su Choi. "Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Study on Cation adsorption on Viscose Rayon Succinate." Mongolian Journal of Chemistry 12 (September 24, 2014): 136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjc.v12i0.189.

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Ion-exchange materials have been considered as suitable material for the recovery of heavy metals in water. A viscose rayon succinate, synthesized from viscose rayon and succinic anhydride in presence of DMSO, to remove trace bivalent metal ions such as Ag+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Zn2+ and Cr3+, was studied using FT-IR for the behavior of metal adsorption. Both esterification and carboxyl bonding of viscose rayon succinate were assigned essentially at 1729 and 1693cm-1, respectively. And the essential band of bonding between metal and the material was determined at 1625cm-1. The available adsorption capacity of this fiber was 6.2 mequiv/g. The adsorption of metal ions on the viscose rayon succinate follows the order of Cu2+>Cr3+>Ni2+>Pb2+>Zn2+>Ag+ with maximum adsorptions capacities 4.2, 1.42, 0.91, 0.83, 0.69 and 0.35 mmol/g, respectively.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjc.v12i0.189 Mongolian Journal of Chemistry Vol.12 2011: 136-141
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39

Pugacheva, Inna N., Andrei V. Karmanov, Svetlana B. Zueva, Ida De Michelis, Francesco Ferella, Francesco Vegliò, and Larisa V. Molokanova. "HEAVY METAL REMOVAL BY CELLULOSE-BASED TEXTILE WASTE PRODUCT." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENII KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 63, no. 2 (February 8, 2020): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20206302.6098.

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The textile industry is a source of significant amounts of cellulosic waste that can be processed into promising sorbents. The aim of study was understanding the adsorption behavior of metal ions on cellulose surfaces obtained from cellulose textile waste of light industry. Previous studies have shown that unmodified cellulose-based ion exchange resins obtained at different pH values were able to remove metal ions from aqueous solution. In present work the cellulose-based ion exchange resins were prepared by H2SO4 hydrolysis of initial waste product with following neutralization up to different pH and drying at 80 °C. Based on the fractional composition of powdered sorbents, the weighted average particle size of the sorbents used is determined: sorbents with pH = 1.5 - 3 ≈ 0.57 mm; sorbents with pH = 5 - 7 ≈ 0.14 mm. The IR analysis of the elemental composition of the particles showed the presence of bound sulfate groups in the powder sorbent with pH = 1.5-3. The results of experiments showed that the modification of the surface of the cellulose waste with sulfuric acid increased the effect of adsorption of Ni, Fe and Pb ions from an aqueous solution. It has been established that the electrostatic interaction between surface functional groups plays a significant role in the adsorption properties of the sorbents obtained. The affinity of sulphonic acid resins for cations generally varies with the ionic size and charge of the cation. This study showed that adsorption capacities of studied metals were in the order of Fe3+<Pb2+<Ni2+. Resulting cellulose particles have sulfate groups on their surface, which have wide range of applications for the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater.
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Alalwan, Hayder A., Mohammed A. Kadhom, and Alaa H. Alminshid. "Removal of heavy metals from wastewater using agricultural byproducts." Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 69, no. 2 (February 19, 2020): 99–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2020.133.

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Abstract The use of agricultural waste to remove heavy metals from wastewater has attracted much attention due to its economic advantages and high removal efficiency which is attributed to different functional groups. The sorption mechanism of biomass can consist of several steps including chemisorption, complexation, adsorption on surface, diffusion through pores, and ion exchange. Heavy metals were removed in different rates depending on the adsorbent and metal itself. For instance, coconut waste showed adsorption capacities of 263 and 285 mg/g in removing lead and cadmium ions, respectively. Also, black oak bark has adsorbed mercury in an adsorption capacity of 400 mg/g, while wheat brans adsorption capacity for chromium was 310 mg/g. The adsorption capacity is commonly calculated by Lagergren's first-order equation, the Redlich Peterson model, and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) model. However, Langmuir and Freundlich models were intensively used to calculate the adsorbed amount by a unit weight of solid sorbents. This review article aims to present the recently available information on utilizing the biomass materials for heavy metals removal. Here, we highlight the increasing use of these materials due to their low cost, regeneration ability, high adsorption efficiency, and small chemical or biological sludge with a possibility of metal recovery.
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41

Davila-Guzman, N. E., F. J. Cerino-Córdova, M. Loredo-Cancino, J. R. Rangel-Mendez, R. Gómez-González, and E. Soto-Regalado. "Studies of Adsorption of Heavy Metals onto Spent Coffee Ground: Equilibrium, Regeneration, and Dynamic Performance in a Fixed-Bed Column." International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9413879.

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Equilibrium and dynamic adsorption of heavy metals onto spent coffee ground (SCG) were studied. The equilibrium adsorption of Cd2+, Cu2+, and Pb2+in a batch system was modeled by an ion-exchange model (IEM) based on an ion-exchange of heavy metals with calcium and protons bonded to active sites on SCG surface. The maximum amount of adsorbed metal ions obtained using the IEM was 0.12, 0.21, and 0.32 mmol/g of Cd2+, Cu2+, and Pb2+, respectively. Regeneration of SCG was evaluated using citric acid, calcium chloride, and nitric acid. The observed trend of desorption efficiency through four adsorption-desorption cycles was HNO3> CaCl2> C6H8O7. The effect of process variables such as flow rate and bed height during the dynamic adsorption was evaluated. Moreover, the applicability of a mass transfer model based on external mass transfer resistance, axial dispersion, and ion-exchange isotherm was evaluated, and the results were in good agreement with the experimental data for the adsorption in SCG packed column. The sensitivity analysis of the model parameters showed that axial dispersion coefficient is the most significant parameter in the dynamic simulation. The results obtained showed the potential of SCG as a low-cost material for wastewater metal removal in continuous systems.
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42

Mutiara, Tintin, Andira Budi Trimartina, Rafika Erniza Putri, and Achmad Chafidz. "Utilization of Powdered Cassava Stem as an Alternative Bioadsorbent for Lead (Pb2+) Removal from Aqueous Solution." Materials Science Forum 1033 (June 2021): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1033.82.

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Industrial waste containing heavy metals can pollute the aquatic environment. One method that can be done to manage heavy waste is the adsorption method that uses adsorbent from cassava stem powder. This research was conducted to utilize cassava stem powder waste for the adsorption of Pb2 + metal ions. Cassava stem powder was mashed until it passed 100 mesh sieve. Cassava stems have a cellulose content of 70-80%, lignin 15-20%, ADF 15-20% and cellulose can be used as an absorber of heavy metals. The adsorption process is carried out with variations in pH, time and concentration under optimum conditions. In this adsorption involves the functional groups contained therein so that the interaction between the adsorbent with the metal ion Pb2 +. Based on the research, the optimum conditions were obtained at pH 6, 180 minutes contact time and 50 ppm concentration. This test is carried out using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS).
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43

Chen, Shiguo, Changhu Xue, Jingfeng Wang, Hui Feng, Yuming Wang, Qin Ma, and Dongfeng Wang. "Adsorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II) by SquidOmmastrephes bartramiMelanin." Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications 2009 (2009): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/901563.

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The adsorption of Cd(II) and Pb(II) by squid melanin was investigated. At a metal ion concentration of 2 mM/L, the biosorption efficiency of melanin reached 95% for Cd(II) and Pb(II). The maximum content of bound Cd(II) and Pb(II) was 0.93 mM/g and 0.65 mM/g, respectively. Temperature had no obvious effect on the adsorption of the metals, and in a pH range of 4.0–7.0, the adsorption yield was high and stable. Macrosalts such as NaCl,MgCl2, andCaCl2had no obvious effect on the binding of Pb(II) but greatly diminished the adsorption of Cd(II), which indicated that different functional groups in squid melanin are responsible for their adsorption. IR analysis of metal ion-enriched squid melanin demonstrated that the possible functional groups responsible for metal binding were phenolic hydroxyl (OH), carboxyl (COOH), and amine groups (NH). This study reports a new material for the removal of heavy metals from low-strength wastewater.
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Zhou, Dong Qin, Shu Juan Dai, De Zhou Wei, and Shu Yong Yang. "The Influence of Co-Existing Ions on Adsorbs in the Aqueous Phase Pb2+ by Mycobacterium phlei." Advanced Materials Research 183-185 (January 2011): 654–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.183-185.654.

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The biological adsorption law removes the heavy metal ion, many factor influences, among, in the solution the inherent alkaline metal positive ion existence is affects the microorganism adsorption the important attribute. This article take Mycobacterium phlei as the absorbent, inspected the different pH value, the coexistence ion amount used as well as in tri-, four-, five-, six-coexistent ion systems, to absorbed water solution in Pb2+ ion influence. Through around the determination Mycobacterium phlei Contact angle and the adsorption the biological surface zeta - the potential shift, indicated the Mycobacterium phlei to the Pb2+ adsorption process in, the electrostatic attraction occupies the leadership, but in the multi-dimensional coexistence adsorption system, has the competition adsorption and the ionic.
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45

Ndung’u, S. N., E. W. Nthiga, and R. N. Wanjau. "Modified ion exchange jackfruit seeds resin for removal of selected trace heavy metal ions from aqueous solution." African Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 2, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33886/ajpas.v2i2.211.

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Water is essential for every life processes. However, its quality is deteriorating every day due to the recent industrial advancements. Anthropogenic processes such as industrialization, mining and agricultural activities have led to alarming discharge of heavy metal ions to the aquatic bodies. This possess a greater threat to human, animal and the entire ecosystem wellbeing. Accumulation of heavy metal ions in drinking water beyond permissible limits is detrimental to human health. Therefore, their removal is paramount. Conventional remediation techniques have been employed but have remained expensive and not universally appropriate. This has therefore spurred research interests in the use of adsorption techniques from locally available materials as an environmentally sustainable alternative. Jackfruit seeds are discarded as wastes of a Jackfruit and can be utilized as an ion exchange resin in heavy metal ions removal from wastewater. The present study involved application of previously prepared raw and modified Jackfruit seed resins to study thermodynamics of copper (II), lead (II) and cadmium (II) ions adsorption from synthetic water. FTIR results showed presence of functional groups in raw and modified resins as important sites for studying thermodynamics of adsorption of copper (II), lead (II) and cadmium (II) ions. Thermodynamic data showed that standard Gibb’s free energy () values for all metals were negative indicating that adsorption process was feasible and favourable. Standard enthalpy change (), standard entropy () and activation energy () were positive (> 40 kJ mol-1) and in the order lead (II) > copper (II) > cadmium (II). This confirmed adsorption of copper (II), lead (II) and cadmium (II) ions onto both raw and modified resins was predominated by chemical interactions between the metal ions and the resin active sites. This was confirmed by very low values of sticking probability (S*). The findings indicated that ion exchange Jackfruit seeds resin is promising for heavy metal ions removal from wastewater in an optimized temperature controlled system.
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46

Wang, Jing Jing, and Xian Ning Li. "Thermoresponsive Ion-Imprinted Composite Hydrogels for Heavy Metal Ion Removal." Advanced Materials Research 661 (February 2013): 162–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.661.162.

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A novel thermoresponsive Cu(II) ion-imprinted composite hydrogel [Cu(II)-IICH] based on N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and aminated silica (SiO2-NH2) has been prepared by in situ free-radical polymerization using Cu(II) ion as template. The Cu(II)-IICH was used to remove heavy metal ions from aqueous solution at 20 and 40oC. The Cu(II)-IICH selectively bound the template ion above a critical gel transition temperature (CGTT) of crosslinked poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM). The memory was fixed by shrinking above the CGTT, and was deleted by swelling below the CGTT. In order to study the reusability of the Cu(II)-IICH, the sorption-desorption cycles were performed for five times. The results suggested that the Cu(II)-IICH can be used for several times without significantly decreasing its adsorption capacity.
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47

Zhang, Zhen Ying, Da Zhi Wu, and Qi Mao Cai. "Study on the Diffusion Properties of Heavy Metal Copper Ion in Silty Clay." Applied Mechanics and Materials 90-93 (September 2011): 2207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.90-93.2207.

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The silty clay samples from Xiasha zone, Hangzhou city, are put into the reaction tank, which is specially made to investigate the diffusion characteristics of heavy metal copper ion. The silty clay is compacted, and then the solution with concentration of copper sulfate is 1762mg/L are added into one end of the tank. After laid for a time, several soil samples are cut from different positions in the tank, the adsorption contents of copper ion are tested. Experimental results show that the adsorption contents of copper ion in the silty clay decreases with the increase of the diffusion and movement distance. Besides, the relationship between the adsorption contents of copper ion and the diffusion and movement distance can be formulated as an exponential function.
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48

Priyadi, Iskandar, Suwardi, and Rino Rakhmata Mukti. "Characteristics of Heavy Metals Adsorption Cu, Pb and Cd Using Synthetics Zeolite Zsm-5." JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS 20, no. 2 (April 21, 2016): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2015.v20i2.77-83.

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Abstract:
It is generally known that zeolite has potential for heavy metal adsorption. The objectives of this study were to synthesize and characterize zeolite ZSM-5 and to figure out the adsorption capacity of zeolite ZSM-5 for heavy metals of Cu2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+. Characterization of zeolite ZSM-5 included some variables i.e. crystal structure (XRD), morphology (SEM), specific surface area and total pore volume (N2 physisorption). Adsorption capacity of zeolite ZSM-5 was analysed using a batch system with heavy metals of Cu2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ in various concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 ppm) with contact times 30, 60, 90, 120 and 250 minutes. Adsorption data was calculated by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm. The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of zeolite ZSM-5 against heavy metals of Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cd2+, were 74.07, 69.93 and 60.24 mg g-1, respectively. These indicated that synthetic zeolite ZSM-5 had potential to adsorb heavy metals. The results also suggested that the adsorption capacity was affected by the pore size of zeolite, negative charge of zeolite, diameter of hydrated and electronegative ion.
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49

Can, Nursel, Birsel Can Ömür, and Ahmet Altındal. "Modeling of heavy metal ion adsorption isotherms onto metallophthalocyanine film." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 237 (December 2016): 953–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2016.07.026.

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50

Yamaguchi, H., R. Higasida, M. Higuchi, and I. Sakata. "Adsorption mechanism of heavy-metal ion by microspherical tannin resin." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 45, no. 8 (July 15, 1992): 1463–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070450815.

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