Relevant bibliographies by topics / Heavy metals Groundwater

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Academic literature on the topic 'Heavy metals Groundwater'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Heavy metals Groundwater"

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Sheng, Danrui, Jun Wu, Xiaohu Wen, Min Wu, and Chuanqi Zhang. "Contamination and ecological health risks of heavy metals in groundwater of a typical agricultural area in NW China." Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis 20, no. 4 (May 11, 2020): 440–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/geochem2020-014.

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Heavy metal pollution in groundwater has become a widespread issue worldwide. However, information on heavy metal pollution in groundwater of inland river basins in NW China remains limited. This study evaluated pollution and ecological health risks of heavy metals in groundwater of the Zhangye Basin, which is a typical inland river basin in NW China. The concentrations of heavy metals in groundwater were relatively low. Heavy metals in groundwater of the northeastern edge and western regions of the study area showed a higher concentration than those of the remaining parts. Iron was the dominant heavy metal in groundwater with a maximum concentration of 1270 μg L−1. Results of heavy metal pollution index calculations showed that approximately 3.5% of groundwater samples are classified into moderate or high pollution levels. The ecological risks of heavy metals in groundwater were relatively low with several metal(loid)s including As, Ni and Cd serving as the dominant risk contributors. The ingestion pathway contributed to 97.2%/93.6% of non-cancer risks and 97.5%/97.5% of cancer risks for children/adults, respectively. Ingestion was the main health risk contributor. Total hazard quotients and cancer risks for children were 3.5 and 9.7 times higher than those for adults, suggesting that children are much more susceptible to potential harm caused by heavy metals in groundwater. Therefore, more effective control strategies should be taken in the study area as soon as possible.Supplementary material: Spatial distribution of health risks of heavy metals is available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4967510
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Maskooni, Ehsan, Mehran Naseri-Rad, Ronny Berndtsson, and Kei Nakagawa. "Use of Heavy Metal Content and Modified Water Quality Index to Assess Groundwater Quality in a Semiarid Area." Water 12, no. 4 (April 14, 2020): 1115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12041115.

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Groundwater is a major source of drinking and agricultural water supply in arid and semiarid regions. Poor groundwater quality can be a threat to human health especially when it is combined with hazardous pollutants like heavy metals. In this study, an innovative method involving entropy weighted groundwater quality index for both physicochemical and heavy metal content was used for a semiarid region. The entropy weighted index was used to assess the groundwater’s suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes. Thus, groundwater from 19 sampling sites was used for analyses of physicochemical properties (electrical conductivity—EC, pH, K+, Ca2+, Na+, SO42−, Cl−, HCO3−, TDS, NO3−, F−, biochemical oxygen demand—BOD, dissolved oxygen—DO, and chemical oxygen demand—COD) and heavy metal content (As, Ca, Sb, Se, Zn, Cu, Ba, Mn, and Cr). To evaluate the overall pollution status in the region, heavy metal indices such as the modified heavy metal pollution index (m-HPI), heavy metal evaluation index (HEI), Nemerow index (NeI), and ecological risks of heavy metals (ERI) were calculated and compared. The results showed that Cd concentration plays a significant role in negatively affecting the groundwater quality. Thus, three wells were classified as poor water quality and not acceptable for drinking water supply. The maximum concentration of heavy metals such as Cd, Se, and Sb was higher than permissible limits by the World Health Organization (WHO) standards. However, all wells except one were suitable for agricultural purposes. The advantage of the innovative entropy weighted groundwater quality index for both physicochemical and heavy metal content, is that it permits objectivity when selecting the weights and reduces the error that may be caused by subjectivity. Thus, the new index can be used by groundwater managers and policymakers to better decide the water’s suitability for consumption.
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Nouri, J., A. H. Mahvi, A. A. Babaei, G. R. Jahed, and E. Ahmadpour. "Investigation of Heavy Metals in Groundwater." Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 9, no. 3 (January 15, 2006): 377–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2006.377.384.

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Kotovych, O. V. "Heavy metals in the ground waters of Prisamarya Dniprovske." Fundamental and Applied Soil Science 17, no. 3-4 (November 1, 2016): 98–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/041617.

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In conditions of increasing anthropogenic pressure on the objects of the natural environment, an objective assessment of the hydrochemical state of water bodies is necessary, taking into account background values of heavy metals, the presence of which is associated only with natural factors. Therefore, the aim of our studies was to determine the concentration of heavy metals in groundwater lying in different geological and geomorphological conditions in a territory remote from the large industrial centers – Dnipro and Pavlograd. As a result of the carried out researches it was possible to establish the qualitative and quantitative composition of microelements that are contained in the ground waters of Prisamarya Dniprovske. The most common microelements from those that were determined were zinc, strontium, iron and manganese. In the groundwater of the floodplain of the Samara River the most common are zinc, strontium, iron and manganese. A distinctive feature of the groundwater of the first above-terrace is the presence of a large amount of iron – an average of 2 mg/l3, while this is not observed in the groundwater of the floodplain and steppe areas. This can be attributed to the chemical characteristics of forest litter from needles which has an acidic pH reaction. In turn, with acid reaction, iron passes from the bound state to the free state and, together with the descending streams of water, migrates from the soil to the groundwater. Among the microelements of the second above-the-top terrace, zinc, copper, iron and manganese predominate. Other trace elements from those that were determined are absent, or their number is below the sensitivity limit of the device. With a deep bedding of groundwater (22 m) and their slow water exchange with surface waters among the microelements, zinc, cadmium, copper, nickel, cobalt, iron and manganese predominate. The direction of the migration of microelements in the system soil ↔ groundwater can be determined by calculating the concentration of chemical elements in the soil and groundwater contained. The concentrations obtained for lead, copper, nickel and manganese in the majority of the investigated objects turned out to be less than one, which indicates the predominance of processes of removal of microelements from soil to groundwater. At the same time for groundwaters of the first above-the-top terrace there is accumulation of such microelements as copper and manganese. Here the maximum value of the clark concentration for copper is 18.14, for manganese 14.66. Considering the absence of close proximity to the territory of the research of large industrial facilities and highways with intensive traffic, the indicators obtained by us can be used as background values in complex biogeocenological studies. In addition, the values obtained can be useful for assessing the hydrochemical and toxicological state of natural waters, as well as for the integrated ecohydrological assessment of water bodies in this region.
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Vasileva, Tanya. "Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI) and Metal Index (MI) of the groundwater in the Mesta River Basin, SW Bulgaria." Review of the Bulgarian Geological Society 81, no. 2 (2020): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.52215/rev.bgs.2020.81.2.1.

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Ground waters may undergo a process of contamination in various ways, but the presence and amount of heavy metals in them can be indicative of their purity and usage. Apart from that, the heavy metals are among the most widely spread pollutants in nature, and their presence in groundwater indicates the existence of natural or anthropogenic sources of contamination. Ground waters polluted with heavy metals can also be very toxic and harmful to human health, and very damaging to the environment as well. In this article, the concentrations of eight toxic heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Cu, Al, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cr) were analyzed in the ground waters of the Mesta River Basin. A number of data for the concentrations of those heavy metals were used in order to calculate the following two indices describing groundwater purity: the Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI), and the Metal Index (MI). Both indices describe the overall quality of groundwater in direct relationship to the sum total of heavy metal concentrations. On one hand, minimal concentrations of heavy metals are necessary for the faultless functioning of organisms and indispensable to various biochemical processes, but on the other hand, in high concentrations, they might lead to dysfunctions in the cells of healthy organisms, and problems within their enzyme system. And these effects are entirely dependent upon the nature of the heavy metals involved. The research carried out so far shows that, according to HPI, about 65% of the shallow ground waters in the Mesta River Basin can be classified as being of excellent quality. The values obtained for the HPI are in the range of 3 to 64 (id est under the critical value of 100), or the groundwater is not contaminated with heavy metals. The MI varies within the range of 0.3 to 2.6, and therefore the groundwater from the zones with active water exchange can be characterized as being of slight to medium poor quality (41%), and the groundwater within Class II (or classified as pure with values of MI between 0.3 and 1.0) comprise approximately 59% of the overall catchment area.
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Lee, Suen-Zone, Lizone Chang, Chien-Min Chen, Ming-Chou Liu, and Li-Jyur Tsai. "Development of soil metal criteria to preserve groundwater quality." Water Science and Technology 38, no. 11 (December 1, 1998): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0453.

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The principal impediment in the remediation of contaminated sites and in the protection of groundwater quality is the lack of appropriate and reasonable standards for heavy metals in soils. There are no standards applicable to predict the potential for groundwater contamination by heavy metals in Taiwan. Lack of these soil standards may result in subjective judgment regarding the remediation needed. The migration of heavy metals through the unsaturated zone to groundwater is controlled by sorption to the soil, a highly pH-dependent process, and the hydrological regime. Soil sorption behavior is the criterion upon which to establish a standard based on a maximum permissible concentration in groundwater. The maximum level of metal in soil for which the equilibrium soluble metal does not exceed the Drinking Water Standard can be computed, at any pH, from the measured adsorption coefficient for any metal and soil. These metal criteria can be used as soil standards that will be protective of groundwater quality. Criteria for soil remediation are based on specific soil types and the effect of pH on metal sorption because the partitioning of trace metals is highly dependent on the solution pH and the chemical nature of the soil.
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Lotfi, Said, Miloud Chakit, and Driss Belghyti. "Groundwater Quality and Pollution Index for Heavy Metals in Saïs Plain, Morocco." Journal of Health and Pollution 10, no. 26 (June 2020): 200603. http://dx.doi.org/10.5696/2156-9614-10.26.200603.

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Background. Heavy metals contamination threatens groundwater resources in many areas around the world. Various methods to evaluate groundwater quality have been used to characterize sources of contamination and associated parameters. For assessment of heavy metals contamination, calculation of pollution indices is an effective tool for assessing water quality. Objectives. The purpose of the present study was to assess heavy metal concentrations and determine distributions in Saïs plain, Morocco using multivariate analysis. Methods. A total of 144 groundwater samples were collected from twelve stations in Saïs from January 2018 to January 2019, and were analyzed for heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, total chromium, lead, copper, iron, manganese and zinc) using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results. Chromium was found to be a major contaminant affecting water quality in Station 2 (0.057 mg/l) and Station 8 (0.065 mg/l), while elevated levels of iron were found in Station 7 (1.4 mg/l) and Station 11 (0.45 mg/l), and elevated levels of copper (2.9 mg/l) and zinc (3.39 mg/l) were found in Station 11, relative to other heavy metals. The high concentrations of these elements are related to anthropogenic pollutants. The factor analysis showed two components controlling groundwater chemistry. The results of the present study demonstrate that the concentrations of toxic metals, like Fe and Cr, are present in slight excess in one or two stations during one season. The calculated heavy metal pollution level for the groundwater of Saïs plain was below the index limit of 100. Conclusions. The results show that groundwater is not polluted with respect to heavy metals and is acceptable for drinking. However, precautionary measures, such as managing the use of agricultural inputs and avoiding the use of wastewater in agriculture, are recommended in this area. Competing Interests. The authors declare no completing financial interests
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Thiry, Médard, Sabine Huet-Taillanter, and Jean-Michel Schmitt. "The industrial waste land of Mortagne-du-Nord (59) – I – Assesment, composition of the slags, hydrochemistry, hydrology and estimate of the outfluxes." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 173, no. 4 (July 1, 2002): 369–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/173.4.369.

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Abstract The industrial waste land in Mortagne-du-Nord has been occupied for over 60 years by a zinc smelter unit linked to a sulfide roasting unit for sulfuric acid production and for a few years a lead smelting unit. The waste land has been systematically explored by drillings and pits ; 58 of these drill holes and pits have been equipped as piezometers and surveyed for 4 years. The site has been back-filled with slags and smelting crucible to a thickness of about 3 meters. The mineralogy of these materials is highly varied. More than 30 heavy metal-bearing (Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu) mineral species have been identified, these are sulfides, sulfates, carbonates, oxides and silicates. High substitution rates characterize these minerals, especially the sulfides and the oxides. Field descriptions and mineralogical analyses lead to distinguish two main types of materials: materials called ≪ active ≫ that are characterized by the presence of sulfides and secondary sulfates,, and materials called ≪ non-active ≫ that look clearly weathered and in which the heavy metals are mainly present as carbonates and oxides. The ≪ active ≫ materials with sulfides bear an average of 7 % of heavy metals (Zn + Pb + Cd), whereas the oxidized and altered ≪ non-active ≫ materials contain less than 3 % of heavy metals. The whole stock of heavy metals in the waste land backfills can be assessed at over 15 000 tons. The hydrochemistry of the surficial groundwater contained in the backfills is directly related to the mineralogy of the material and shows very steep heterogeneities, with heavy metal concentrations increasing 10 or even 100 times over a distance of less than 50 m. The groundwaters adjoining the ≪ non-active ≫ backfills have moderately acidic to neutral pH and are relatively weakly mineralized: SO−4 =700 mg/L, Zn++=10 mg/L, Pb++=0,2 m/L et Cd++=0,1 mg/L. On the contrary, the groundwaters adjoining the ≪ active ≫ backfills are acidic (2,5 < pH < 6,3) and are heavyly mineralized: SO−4 > 4 000 mg/L, Zn++ > 1 000 mg/L, Pb++ > 1,5 mg/L et Cd++ > 50 mg/L. These groundwaters discharge in the water courses alongside the waste land, with in places heavy metal concentrations equivalent to those within the ≪ active ≫ sulfide bearing backfills. The deeper regional aquifer contained in the Sables d’Ostricourt Formation is separated from the surficial groundwater by organic- and pyrite-rich clayey alluviums. Because of this, the deeper groundwater is relatively protected, but nevertheless contaminated. The alluvium acts as both a hydrological and a geochemical barrier, and, leads to the precipitation of a part of the dissolved heavy metals as sulfides. The hydrological modelling of the surficial groundwater allows to calculate the annual fluxes towards the watercourses alongside the waste land. Applying the average concentrations measured in the surficial groundwater to this flux, we can estimate the annual tonnage of heavy metals exported towards the regional watercourses at about 14 000 kg/year of Zn++, 2 kg/year of Pb++ and 25 kg/year of Cd++, merely for the site of the former sulfuric acid plant where the ≪ active ≫ backfills are widespread. This heavy metal export to the watercourses constitutes the site major environmental harm. Regarding the volume of the polluted materials, it is inconceivable to excavate the backfills. A confining and/or processing method of the polluted waters has to be considered instead.
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Zhong, Shuang, Hui Geng, Fengjun Zhang, Zhaoying Liu, Tianye Wang, and Boyu Song. "Risk Assessment and Prediction of Heavy Metal Pollution in Groundwater and River Sediment: A Case Study of a Typical Agricultural Irrigation Area in Northeast China." International Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/921539.

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The areas with typical municipal sewage discharge river and irrigation water function were selected as study sites in northeast China. The samples from groundwater and river sediment in this area were collected for the concentrations and forms of heavy metals (Cr(VI), Cd, As, and Pb) analysis. The risk assessment of heavy metal pollution was conducted based on single-factor pollution index (I) and Nemerow pollution index (NI). The results showed that only one groundwater sampling site reached a polluted level of heavy metals. There was a high potential ecological risk of Cd on the N21-2 sampling site in river sediment. The morphological analysis results of heavy metals in sediment showed that the release of heavy metals can be inferred as one of the main pollution sources of groundwater. In addition, the changes in the concentration and migration scope of As were predicted by using the Groundwater Modeling System (GMS). The predicted results showed that As will migrate downstream in the next decade, and the changing trend of As polluted areas was changed with As content districts because of some pump wells downstream to form groundwater depression cone, which made the solute transfer upstream.
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Ganze, C. W., J. S. Wahlstrom, and D. R. Turner. "Fate of Heavy Metals in Sludge Disposal Landspread Operation – A Case History." Water Science and Technology 19, no. 8 (August 1, 1987): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1987.0040.

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Land treatment of waste biological solids (sludge) has been practiced many years and there have been many studies conducted to determine the applicability of this disposal technique. This paper is based upon an investigation which was conducted to determine if the heavy metals which are associated with sludge are stabilized and contained within a landspread area where no agricultural crops are grown. Sludge/soil mixture samples were analyzed for heavy metal concentrations and cation exchange capacity (CEC) on a routine basis to determine if the heavy metals were remaining in an insoluble form. Groundwater samples and rainfall runoff samples were also analyzed for heavy metals to determine if the metals were solubilizing and being transported into either the groundwater or back to the wastewater treatment process in the rainfall runoff. Analytical results indicate that most of the heavy metals in sludge applied to this landspread area are in a stable form and those that do enter solution are absorbed by the native clay soils and do not contaminate groundwater or upset the biological wastewater treatment process when rainfall runoff is treated.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Heavy metals Groundwater"

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Feeney, Rosemary. "Development, demonstration, and validation of microfabricated iridium and gold arrays for the field screening of heavy metals in ground water /." Thesis, Connect to Dissertations & Theses @ Tufts University, 2002.

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Thesis (Ph.D )--Tufts University, 2002.
Adviser: Samuel P. Kounaves. Submitted to the Dept. of Chemistry. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 104-111). Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;
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Gao, Hongze. "Modelling geochemical interactions with groundwater transport processes : an application to acid mine drainage." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341885.

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Hashm, Ahlim Ahmed. "A study of the transport of a selection of heavy metals in unsaturated soil." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365680.

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Smothers, Daniel Anthony. "Analysis of the bioremediation of heavy metals and chlorinated solvents with emphasis on the utility of molasses injection." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2002. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-10292002-110839.

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Laallam, Gitte. "Transport and retention of heavy metals in contaminated soil and groundwater : A case study from Pukeberg glassworks in Småland, Sweden." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för naturgeografi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-141651.

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As much as 80 000 sites, including landfills from glass production industries, are estimated to be contaminated in Sweden. One of these landfills is located near the glassworks factory of Pukeberg, in the municipality of Nybro, Southeast Sweden. It has been found to be severely contaminated with heavy metals, which have toxic effects to humans and biota. The aim of this study is to investigate hydrologic properties at Pukeberg, including groundwater velocities and their potential (spatial) heterogeneity that would affect the transport of metals. Metal concentrations in soil, pore water and groundwater were measured to investigate such metal transport and retention at the site. Slug tests were conducted at the site to determine local discharges and water velocities. For comparison, total groundwater flows through the landfill were estimated by considering water balances of the upstream catchment. Results showed a much higher groundwater flow through the landfill at Pukeberg when estimated from water balance constraints of the upstream catchment, compared to when up-scaled from local measurements of hydraulic conductivities and gradients within the landfill. This points to the existence of aquifer heterogeneity, including preferential flow paths and low-flow zones. Depending on flow path, transport velocities of heavy metals could therefore differ considerably. With a pH of 7 in pore water, and relatively low DOC (dissolved organic carbon) concentrations, environmental conditions were found likely to favour a strong retention for most of the metals investigated. This conclusion is supported by our estimates of Kd (the soil-water partitioning coefficient), derived from the in-situ ratio between soil concentrations and pore water concentrations at the landfill. These estimates were consistently higher than previously reported laboratory results from leaching tests, as well as guideline values from the Swedish EPA. For instance, Kd for Pb and As was found to be 50600 l/kg and 16400 l/kg, respectively. Thus, for most metals, a limited transport downstream could be expected. Indications of high aquifer heterogeneity within the limited area investigated in this study however give rise to uncertainties, for instance regarding the representativeness of the taken samples. Possible future analyses of extended sampling schemes could decrease these uncertainties.
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Montesino, Malmberg Martina, and Rebecka Olofsson. "An Inventory of the Waste Disposal Site Jhumjhumpur in Jessore, Bangladesh, via Soil and Water Sampling." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-207104.

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The aim of this study was to make an inventory of the open dumping site Jhumjhumpur in Jessore, Bangladesh, in order to investigate whether spreading of heavy metals had occurred to surrounding soil and groundwater. The study is based on a thorough literature study as well as a field study, including soil and groundwater sampling, at the dumping site Jhumjhumpur. The literature study covers the current waste management system in three cities of Bangladesh: Dhaka, Jessore and Khulna. The results from the field study indicate that metals from the dumping site have been transported and spread to the groundwater in connection to the site and the agricultural land south of the site. A more complete investigation is needed to be able to determine how big a risk the open dumping site is for the surrounding environment. Measurements for avoiding further contamination of the groundwater and the agricultural land should be implemented.
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Madaffari, Maria Grazia. "New mixtures to be used in permeable reactive barrier for heavy-metals contaminated groundwater remediation : long-term removal efficiency and hydraulic behavior." Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ECAP0025/document.

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La dépollution des eaux souterraines est actuellement une des principaux défis environnementaux, considérant le nombre de sites contaminés et le risque posé à la santé humaine et à l'environnement par l'exposition à la contamination des eaux souterraines. La barrière réactive perméable (PRB) est une technologie in situ passive pour la remédiation des eaux souterraines contaminées. Il se compose d'une barrière placée perpendiculairement à l'écoulement des contaminants et constituée d'un matériau réactif qui traite la panache de contaminants le traversant sous le gradient hydraulique naturel. C’est la technologie de remédiation des eaux souterraines la plus rentable ; elle permet l'utilisation des terres de surface et réduit l'exposition des travailleurs aux polluants. Le matériau réactif le plus utilisé est le fer à valence zéro (ZVI), qui peut dépolluer l'eau souterraine contaminée par une large gamme de contaminants au moyen de mécanismes chimiques et physiques différents. Le problème principal de l'utilisation de ZVI granulaire est la réduction de la porosité du milieu poreux, en raison de la nature expansive de produits de corrosion, des précipités et la formation de gaz. Pour surmonter ce problème, des mélanges de matériaux granulaires et ZVI ont été testés afin de déterminer leur efficacité de dépollution et le comportement hydraulique à long terme. L'utilisation de Lapillus volcaniques à mélanger avec ZVI pour dépolluer les eaux souterraines contaminées par métaux lourds est proposée dans ce travail. Des essais sur Lapillus ont montré une efficacité d'élimination de métaux lourds non négligeable, tandis que les tests en colonne effectuée en utilisant des mélanges n’ont pas montré une réduction élevée de la conductivité hydraulique au cours du temps.La modélisation des essais batch et colonne en tant qu’outil pour la compréhension des mécanismes impliqués dans les milieux poreux réactifs a été mis en place. L’étude de la sensibilité des paramètres des modèles sur leurs réponses a également été explorée
Groundwater remediation is currently one of the major environmental challenges, considering the number of contaminated sites and the risk posed to human health and to the environment by exposure to groundwater contamination. Permeable reactive barrier (PRB) is a passive in situ technology for the remediation of contaminated groundwater. It consists of a barrier placed perpendicularly to the contaminant flow and made of reactive material that treats contaminant plume flowing through it under the natural hydraulic gradient. It is the most cost-effective groundwater remediation technology; it allows the use of surface land and reduces the exposure of workers to contaminants. The most used reactive material is Zero Valent Iron (ZVI), which is able to remediate groundwater contaminated by a large range of contaminants by means of different chemical and physical mechanisms. The main issue of granular ZVI use regards the reduction of the porous medium porosity, because of the expansive nature of corrosion products, precipitates and gas formation. To overcome this problem, mixtures of ZVI and granular materials were tested to investigate their long-term removal efficiency and hydraulic behavior. The use of volcanic Lapillus to be mixed with ZVI to remediate heavy-metals contaminated groundwater is proposed in this work. Tests on Lapillus showed a not negligible heavy metal removal efficiency of the volcanic material, while the hydraulic monitoring of column tests performed using mixtures showed a not high reduction of hydraulic conductivity over time.Modelling batch and column tests as a tool for understanding the mechanisms involved in the reactive porous media has been set up. The analysis of the sensitivity of the models response with respect to the input parameters has also been explored
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Pessanha, André Oliveira Soares. "Avaliação da contaminação por metais pesados das águas subterrâneas no entorno do aterro sanitário de Visconde do Rio Branco MG." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2011. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3758.

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It is known that the leachate from the decomposition of organic waste represents a danger to the environment, and it is highly pollutant. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the quality of groundwater around the landfill in the municipality of Visconde do Rio Branco (MG). Results indicate high levels superior than those recommended by CONAMA resolution No. 396/08 of the parameters color, turbidity, biochemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, Lead, Manganese, Chromium, Nickel and E. Coli. This fact indicates that waste management is being done incorrectly and there are sources of contamination within the mass of waste. The origin of this behavior can be justified by the malfunctioning of the manure treatment lagoons. It can be also observed that the variation of water level follows the trend of rain intensity and that the phreatic groundwater flow coincides with the superficial flow.
É de conhecimento que o percolado proveniente da decomposição da matéria orgânica do lixo pode representar um perigo ao meio ambiente, pois é altamente poluidor. Logo, este trabalho objetiva avaliar a qualidade da água subterrânea no entorno do aterro sanitário do município de Visconde do Rio Branco (MG). Resultados obtidos indicam teores superiores aos estipulados pela resolução CONAMA 396/08 dos parâmetros Cor, Turbidez, DBO, OD, Chumbo , Manganês , Crômio, Níquel, E.Coli. Este fato indica que o manejo do lixo está sendo feito de maneira incorreta e que existem fontes pontuais de contaminação dentro da massa de resíduos. A origem deste comportamento também pode ser justificada pelo funcionamento inadequado das lagoas de tratamento do chorume. Também foi observado que a variação do nível d água (NA) segue a tendência de intensidade de chuvas da região e que o fluxo subterrâneo coincide com o fluxo superficial.
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Kapetas, Leon. "Microbial controls on contaminant metal transport in porous media." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5769.

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Metal contamination in groundwater aquifers poses risks to human health as well as other life forms. Previous laboratory experiments have demonstrated that bacteria found in geologic settings like aquifers are likely to adsorb metal contaminants and attenuate metal migration. However, as bacteria can also migrate through the groundwater aquifer a better understanding of the combined effect of these two processes is required. The aim of this laboratory study was to a) explore the affinity bacteria exhibit towards metals and porous media of varying composition, b) investigate the effect of mineral and solution composition on the bacterial filtration and c) use the combined data to predict the impact of microbes on metal mobility in porous media. Pantoea Agglomerans was used as a model bacterium while column materials consisted of quartz sand and iron-oxide coated sand (IOCS). Bacteria were characterised using potentiometric titrations to identify the type and concentration of sites present on their bacterial wall. Particular attention was paid to the effect of kinetics of proton and metal adsorption due to the variable contact times that solutions have with bacteria in columns. It was found that increasing the contact time between cell surfaces and protons during potentiometric titrations resulted in less reproducible results. This was due to the release of cell exudates under high pH conditions rather than cell death. Exudates were also found to adsorb protons. Moreover, zinc adsorption onto cell surfaces is higher after 60 to 90 minutes of contact time, while there is a decline in adsorption for longer contact times due to release of cell exudates in the solution. Stability constants for the adsorption of zinc onto cell surface sites, quartz and IOCS materials were determined through batch adsorption experiments, providing a mechanistic explanation of the adsorption process. Reactive transport models incorporating kinetics and surface complexation are developed to describe zinc movement through packed columns. Batch kinetic studies showed that significant Zn sorption to IOCS takes place gradually during the first two hours of contact time. Adsorption continues to take place at a slower rate for an additional 10 hours. This kinetic effect is manifested also during flow-through experiments (column dimensions: length 0.12 m, diameter 0.025 m) with a Darcian velocity 6.1·10-3 cm s-1, which is comparable to natural groundwater flow rates through sand porous media. A pseudo-second order kinetic adsorption model is combined with a numerical advection dispersion model for the first time to predict Zn transport. Model output results are of mixed quality as the model cannot successfully describe contaminant arrival time and breakthrough curve shape simultaneously. Moreover, a mechanistic surface complexation reactive transport model is capable of predicting Zn sorption under varying pH conditions demonstrating the versatility of mechanistic models. However, these models do not account for kinetics and therefore they are not intended to fit the dispersion of the contaminant due to kinetic effects of adsorption. Experiments in mixed zinc/cell systems demonstrate that transport through IOCS is dominated by the adsorption to the porous medium. This is consistent with the batch surface complexation predictions for the system. Adsorption to bacteria is reversible and zinc is stripped from the cells and redistributed onto the IOCS. Adsorption onto cells becomes significant and plays a role in mobile metal speciation only once the column is saturated with zinc.
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Shinde, Prapti. "Estimation of Number of People Living in Developing Countries that Received Water from a Spring Source." Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7940.

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In the year 2000, 170 countries decided to stand together and solve some primary and common global problems like poor health, water, and sanitation. Obtaining access to safe drinking water is every individual’s right. The UN defines safe drinking water as “the water required for each personal or domestic use must be safe, therefore free from micro-organisms, chemical substances and radiological hazards that constitute a threat to a person's health” (UNDESA, 2014). This thesis focuses on identifying the number of people who potentially receive spring water from a piped source in rural mountainous areas. There are three significant steps and data requirements which are necessary to meet this study’s objective. These are to: 1) obtain data classifying the various sources of drinking water in each country by specifying the percentage of population served by a particular water in rural and urban areas, 2) determine the number of countries which are undeveloped or developing, and 3) identify specific countries which are defined as mountainous (and thus likely to have spring fed piped water systems) based on elevation and slope in order to estimate the number of people living in mountainous areas. Results show that 183.54 (million) people were estimated to receive piped water from the springs in mountainous areas. Approximately, 34% of the population is from the Eastern Asia and South-Eastern Asia regions, and 33% reside in the Latin America and Caribbean Islands. These were followed by Western Asia and North Africa Regions with 15% and Central Asia and Southern Asia Regions with 14% of their population estimated to receive piped spring water.
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Books on the topic "Heavy metals Groundwater"

1

Arthen, A. Untersuchungen zum Verhalten der Schwermetalle Blei, Cadmium, Kupfer, und Zink unter wechselnden Ex- und Infiltrationsbedingungen bei der Uferfiltration. Karlsruhe: Universität Karlsruhe, 1992.

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Marti, Pam. Spokane River/Aquifer interaction project results, May-November 1999. Olympia, Wash: Washington State Dept. of Ecology, Environmental Assessment Program, 2001.

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Wilkens, Berend Jan. Evidence for groundwater contamination by heavy metals through soil passage under acidifying conditions. [Utrecht: Faculteit Aardwetenschappen, Universiteit Utrecht, 1995.

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Marti, Pamela B. Spokane River/Aquifer interaction project results, May-November 1999. Olympia, Wash: Washington State Dept. of Ecology, Environmental Assessment Program, 2001.

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Gannon, James. Microbial remobilization of heavy metals: Potential impacts of remediation efforts on long term ground water quality. Bozeman, Mont: Montana University System, Water Resources Center, 1999.

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Capri, Ettore, and Marco Trevisan. I metalli pesanti di origine agricola nei suoli e nelle acque sotterranee. Bologna: Pitagora, 2002.

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Ismailov, Nariman. Scientific basis of environmental biotechnology practical. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1048434.

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The monograph is devoted to modern biotechnology, which allows to solve urgent environmental problems in all areas of modern society. Described the current use of biotechnological methods for environmental protection. The common assessment of the environment, the analysis bioaccumulating capacity of the biosphere, presented information on bio-ecological potential of human society. Considers the issues of technological bio-energetics, obtaining biodegradable materials, different fields of organic waste, bioremediation of soils contaminated with petroleum products, pesticides, heavy metals, solid waste processing, utilization of oil sludge and drill cuttings, cleaning of soil and groundwater from contamination, the use of biotechnology in the oil industry and others Described the modern problems of organic agriculture and the progress in this area. Discussed microbiological, biochemical and technological fundamentals of these processes. The prospects of the use of biotechnology in integrated environmental protection. Discusses the modern view of ecological culture and ecological civilization in the framework of the problems under consideration. Designed for teachers, students, engineers, ecologists, agricultural workers, civil servants, decision-makers, engaged in the manufacture engaged in the development of programs for socio-ecological sustainable development.
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Gibb, James P. Retention of zinc, cadmium, copper, and lead by geologic materials. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Hazardous Waste Engineering Research Laboratory, 1987.

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National Risk Management Research Laboratory (U.S.). In situ treatment of soil and groundwater contaminated with chromium: Technical resource guide. Cincinnati, OH: United States, Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, 2000.

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Jūkinzokurui to Kōbutsu no Sōgo Sayō ni kansuru Wākingu Gurūpu, ed. Jūkinzokurui osen taisaku no tame no kōbutsu zairyō gaidobukku. Nagoya-shi: Buitsū Soryūshon, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Heavy metals Groundwater"

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Bourg, Alain C. M. "Speciation of Heavy Metals in Soils and Groundwater and Implications for Their Natural and Provoked Mobility." In Heavy Metals, 19–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79316-5_2.

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Pensaert, S., and A. P. Peteghem. "Removal of Heavy Metals from Groundwater by Bipolar Electrolysis." In Contaminated Soil ’95, 1323–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0421-0_134.

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Johannsen, J., M. Krutz, E. Petzold, and S. Süring. "Ion Exchange Technique for the Purification of Groundwater Polluted by Heavy Metals." In Contaminated Soil ’90, 1145–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3270-1_258.

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Galitskaya, Irina, Vera Putilina, Irina Kostikova, and Tatiana Yuganova. "Impact of Landfill Leachate Organics on the Behavior of Heavy Metals in Groundwater." In Advances in Sustainable and Environmental Hydrology, Hydrogeology, Hydrochemistry and Water Resources, 433–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01572-5_102.

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Han, Dong, Gary P. Halada, Brian Spalding, and Scott C. Brooks. "Electrospun and Oxidized Cellulosic Materials for Environmental Remediation of Heavy Metals in Groundwater." In ACS Symposium Series, 243–57. Washington DC: American Chemical Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2009-1019.ch011.

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Seth, Prahlad K. "Pesticides, Heavy Metals, and Fluoride Contamination of Groundwater Sources: Global and National Perspective." In Water and Sanitation in the New Millennium, 71–80. New Delhi: Springer India, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3745-7_7.

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Życzyńska-Baloniak, Irena, Barbara Szpakowska, Lech Ryszkowski, and Janusz Pempkowiak. "Role of meadow strips for migration of dissolved organic compounds and heavy metals with groundwater." In Nutrient Dynamics and Retention in Land/Water Ecotones of Lowland, Temperate Lakes and Rivers, 249–56. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1602-2_27.

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Shiba, S., Y. Hirata, and T. Seno. "In-situ Electrokinetic Remediation of Soil and Water in Aquifer Contaminated by Heavy Metal." In Groundwater Updates, 135–40. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68442-8_23.

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Utsunomiya, Satoshi, Kathy Traexler, LuMin Wang, and Rodney C. Ewing. "Nanoscale Heavy Metal Phases on Atmospheric and Groundwater Colloids." In Nanotechnology and the Environment, 97–101. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2005-0890.ch011.

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Lee, Yung Shen, Peck Kah Yeow, Tony Hadibarata, and Mohamed Soliman Elshikh. "Heavy Metal Contamination in Groundwater and Potential Remediation Technologies." In Rhizomicrobiome Dynamics in Bioremediation, 231–52. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367821593-12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Heavy metals Groundwater"

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"Evaluating Heavy Metals in Groundwater around a Waste Dumping Site." In March 2017 Singapore International Conferences. EAP, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/eap.u0317209.

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Jiang Ling, Yi Xiu, and Lai Kun-rong. "Health risk assessment of heavy metals in shallow groundwater of Jinghuiqu irrigation district." In 2011 International Symposium on Water Resource and Environmental Protection (ISWREP). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iswrep.2011.5892950.

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Huang, Guanxing, Jichao Sun, Jingtao Liu, Jihong Jing, Yuxi Zhang, Xi Chen, and Jincui Wang. "Distribution of Heavy Metals in Groundwater of Sewage Irrigation Area in Guangdong Province, China." In 2010 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2010.5514978.

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Zhang, P. P., and M. X. Liang. "The Characteristics of Heavy Metals of the Groundwater in the Gangue-filled Reclamation Area." In International Conference on Education, Management, Computer and Society. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/emcs-16.2016.497.

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He, Qiang, and Jizhong Zhou. "Bioremediation of Heavy Metals in Soil and Groundwater: Impact of Nitrate as an Inhibitor." In GeoShanghai International Conference 2010. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41105(378)24.

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Koshliakova, T. O., I. V. Kuraieva, and O. Ye Koshliakov. "Distribution of heavy metals in potable groundwater of Dnieper-Donetsk artesian basin northwestern slope (as an example of Kyiv groundwater deposit)." In Geoinformatics: Theoretical and Applied Aspects 2020. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.2020geo127.

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K.H.I, Gamage, Wickramasinghe R.S.R, and Gamage I.M.C. "Groundwater Quality Assessment in Anuradhapura for Domestic Purposes." In 2nd International Conference on Agriculture, Food Security and Safety. iConferences (Pvt) Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32789/agrofood.2021.1006.

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The North central province plays the main agricultural role in Sri Lanka as a developing agricultural-based economy country in the world. Excessive amount of nitrate and fluoride in groundwater consumption is becoming a crucial issue on human health in Sri Lanka, especially in the North Central part of the country. Dental fluorosis and skeleton fluorosis are the major health impacts based on an excessive amount of fluoride as well as presumption on causing chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nitrogenous compounds in groundwater for drinking have been considered possible risk factors for oesophageal cancer and haemoglobinemia or blue baby syndrome. Human activities and natural processes have polluted groundwater. Having a lack of understanding of the actual need for fertilizer, farmers usually tend to apply the surplus amount, thus increasing nitrogen pollution. Accordingly, this research was conducted to deepen the understanding of the distribution of fluoride and nitrate in groundwater in the Anuradhapura area in terms of geological and anthropogenic influences on groundwater quality. Well water samples were collected from intensive agricultural activity areas in Anuradhapura. Physical and chemical parameters were analyzed to identify whether the higher nitrate and fluoride or any compound of a mixture of heavy metals such as cadmium and/ or arsenic is the actual cause for kidney and other health-related issues among the community. Water samples' pHs were in the range of 6.7-7.7. All the wells can be categorized as low salinity water. Turbidity average of 3.51 NTU range of 1-8 NTU was found to be mainly contributed by nitrate at the average of 28.725 mg/L and ranged from (22-131) mg/L of nitrate. In addition, fluorite was found high in Anuradhapura with an average of 0.6 mg/L and ranged from (0.4 - 1.7) mg/L. Sulphate level was also high with an average of 178mg/L and ranged from (58-505 mg/L). There was no significant effect of heavy metals such as cadmium, arsenic, iron, and copper concentrations which were below the permissible level of 0.01mg/L. The research clearly indicates the abundance of nitrate and fluoride in groundwater, especially in the dry zone. The major sources are fluoride-bearing minerals in bedrock and soil zone. In addition to that, the influence of agriculture which causes excessive nitrate levels in groundwater, is apparent, irrespective of climatic zones.
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Mallants, Dirk, Ann Dierckx, Lian Wang, and Geert Volckaert. "Impact Assessment Analysis for Surface Storage of Radioactive Waste Addressing Radiotoxicity and Chemotoxicity: Application to an Existing Radium-Waste Surface Storage Facility." In ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1235.

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Abstract Radioactive wastes often contain considerable amounts of non-radiological and potentially toxic components such as heavy metals, organics, etc. The present study discusses an impact assessment methodology applied to the surface repository located at Olen (Belgium) containing various wastes from radium and uranium production. The impact assessment considered leaching to groundwater and use of groundwater for production of drinking water and irrigation. Leaching of radionuclides and non-radiological components from the storage facility was calculated using numerical models of water flow and contaminant transport. Results showed that leaching from the waste forms containing the highest concentration in radium, uranium, lead, and arsenic (i.e., various uranium mill tailings and radium sources and needles) did not lead to unacceptable concentrations in the groundwater when a reasonable leaching period was considered.
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Tolaymat, Thabet, and Timothy Townsend. "Environmental Characterization of Ash From the Combustion of Wood and Tires for Beneficial Use in Florida." In 11th North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec11-1680.

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Non-hazardous industrial solid wastes are frequently proposed for beneficial use rather than being disposed in MSW landfills. An example of such an industrial waste is waste-to-energy (WTE) ash. Proposed beneficial use projects for WTE ash often involve some form of land application. Prior to the land application of any solid waste, the possible risk to human health and the environment should be assessed. The Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) has developed a beneficial use guidance document that provides WTE ash generators with the testing requirements that must be demonstrated before a particular beneficial use scenario is determined appropriate (FDEP 2001). For WTE ash to be deemed safe for land application, the risk associated with two separate pathways should be assessed: direct human exposure and the contamination of groundwater via leaching. While organic pollutants (e.g. dioxins) might be a concern, heavy metals are typically the pollutants that most limit the potential for reuse; heavy metals are the focus of the discussion in this paper.
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Ribeiro, A., C. Vilarinho, J. Araújo, and J. Carvalho. "Electrokinetic Remediation of Contaminated Soils With Chromium." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-87552.

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Soil is a vital natural resource that regulates our environment sustainability and provide essential resources to humans and nature. Nowadays, with an increasingly populated and urbanized world, pollution is widely recognized as a significant challenge to soil and groundwater resources management. The most common chemicals found in soils and water plumb in a dissolved state and considered as potential pollutants are heavy metals, dyes, phenols, detergents, pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and others organic substances, such as organic matter. Unlike organic contaminants, heavy metals are not biodegradable and tend to accumulate in living organisms and many heavy metal ions are known to be toxic or carcinogenic. Toxic heavy metals of particular concern zinc, copper, nickel, mercury, cadmium, lead and chromium. Electrokinetic remediation deserves particular attention in soil treatment due to its peculiar advantages, including the capability of treating fine and low permeability materials, and achieving consolidation, dewatering and removal of salts and inorganic contaminants like heavy metals in a single stage. In this study, the remediation of artificially chromium contaminated soil by electrokinetic process, coupled with Eggshell Inorganic Fraction Powder (EGGIF) permeable reactive barrier (PRB), was investigated. An electric field of 2 V cm−1 was applied and was used an EGGIF/soil ratio of 30 g kg−1 of contaminated soil for the preparation of the permeable reactive barrier (PRB) in each test. Results proved that the study of chromium mobility revealed the predominance in its transportation through the soil towards the anode, due essentially to the existence of chromium in the form of oxyanions (chromate and dichromate), which confers a negative charge to the molecule. Chromium removal by electrokinetic remediation was faster in low levels of concentration and the utilization of citric acid as buffer and complexing agent allowed to maintain pH of soil below the precipitation limit for this element. It was obtained high removal rates of chromium in both experiments, especially near the anode. In the normalized distance to cathode of 0.8 it was achieved a maximum removal rate of chromium of 55, 59 and 60% in initial chromium concentration of 500 mg kg−1, 250 mg kg−1 and 100 mg kg−1, respectively. The viability of the new coupling technology developed (electrokinetic with EGGIF permeable reactive barrier) to treat low-permeability polluted soils was demonstrated. Based on the proved efficiency, this remediation technique has to be optimized and applied to real soils in order to validate it as a large-scale solution.
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Reports on the topic "Heavy metals Groundwater"

1

MOORE, ROBERT C., HONGTING ZHAO, CHARLES ANTHONY SANCHEZ, KATHLEEN C. HOLT, FRED SALAS, AHMED ALI MOHAMED HASAN, and DANIEL A. LUCERO. In Situ Formation of Apatite in Soil and Groundwater for Containment of Radionuclides and Heavy Metals. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/805864.

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