Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Hebraica'
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Silva, Candido Sousa da. "Questões de gênero do hebraico: análise dos termos zarrar unekevá na língua hebraica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8152/tde-09122009-154813/.
Full textThe aim of this dissertation is to analyze gender questions in the Hebraic language considering the representation issue and the use of the terms known as zarrar unekevá in relation to the configurations of gender inflection. Lexicographers, grammarians and specialists in Hebrew, in general, tend to diverge when they deal with the matter, not only with regard to the conceptualization but also the lexical classification and use. Having this difficulty of categorization as a starting point for our study, we organized a research centered on the possibility or impossibility of the representation of the terms zarrar unekevá gathered from the first texts of the Mikrá (biblical text) to the current days. Considering gender concepts and the Hebrew linguistic stratification, we intended to locate these questionings and present some notes for the discussion on the nature of our theme and its development through sociolinguistic factors and decisions made by means of expert authority. For our purposes, we collected and analyzed data from the biblical to the present Hebrew. Finally, based on the current data of the Hebraic language, we presented our reflections and pointed out possible tendencies in the use of the terms zarrar unekevá, which become more fascinating the more they are investigated.
Grimm, Charles Ludwig. "[tsélem] צלם na Bíblia Hebraica: contribuições para um novo dicionário semântico do hebraico bíblico." Faculdades EST, 2012. http://tede.est.edu.br/tede/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=374.
Full textEsta pesquisa faz um mapeamento completo das ocorrências de צלם [tsélem] na Bíblia Hebraica buscando trazer contribuições para a produção de verbetes do Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew. O presente estudo insere-se nesse projeto maior dedicando-se assim ao estudo em profundidade de um lexema do hebraico bíblico.
This research is a complete mapping of occurrences of צלם [tsélem] in the Hebrew Bible seeking to bring contributions to the production of articles in the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew. This study fits into a larger project devoted to an in depth study of a biblical Hebrew lexeme.
Tröger, Heike. "Judaica und Hebraica der Universitätsbibliothek Rostock." Universität Potsdam, 2004. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/2299/.
Full textJúnior, Edson Magalhães Nunes. "Uma introdução geral à poesia hebraica bíblica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8158/tde-15032013-101615/.
Full textWhen dealing with most part of the Hebrew Bible, the reader must be aware of what is biblical Hebrew poetry, its characteristics, peculiarities and details in order to understand and appreciate the text. Since there isn\'t a Hebrew manual of poetics, the debate about the biblical Hebrew poetry comprises from its presence in the text to its general and specific characteristics. The following research presents a brief discussion about Hebrew Bible in the current academic scenario, as the characteristics of this kind of poetry with an emphasis in parallelism.
Riemer, Nathanael. "Die Judaica- und Hebraica-Bestände der Universitätsbibliothek Potsdam." Universität Potsdam, 2006. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2009/2763/.
Full textThis article presents the various collections of Judaica and Hebraica and their areas of special focus in chronological order of their acquisition at the Potsdam University Library. Aside from those collections which include works in all areas of Jewish Studies, such as the Israel Mehlmann Library or the Israil Bercovici Library,the Aschkenasy Library has the most valuable holdings. It includes the earlier library of Bet ha-Midrasch, which was founded by Veitel Heine Ephraim, a banker and the royal jeweler of Prussia's King Friedrich the Great. The Aschkenasy Collection consists notonly of numerous titles of traditional Judaic literature published since 1550, but also research literature and 58 Yemenite manuscripts dating from the 17th and 18th century.
Marquardt, Susanne, and Petra Werner. "Katalogisierung von Judaica und Hebraica am Beispiel Berlin-Brandenburger Bibliotheken." Universität Potsdam, 2005. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/2273/.
Full textCavalcanti, Mônica Regina Lopes. "Empréstimos: a influência da língua inglesa na língua hebraica moderna." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8152/tde-07122009-141602/.
Full textThis dissertation is a study on the use of loans from English origin collected in the Even Shoshan dictionary of two different periods: 1.969 and 2.003, and as a basis for the collection of the historical context of lexicon NS Eisenstadt. The objective is to observe which words can be used to illustrate the entry of words of English origin in the lexicon of Hebrew, in the oldest edition of the dictionary. Another purpose is to check some important additions to the dictionary in 2.003 and also the presence or not of oldest words in the reprint.
Souza, Marcos Antônio de. "O dicionário de hebraico bíblico de Brown, Driver e Briggs (BDB) como modelo de sistema lexical bilíngüe." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/90857.
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Esta dissertação de mestrado foi concebida como um trabalho original relacionado à lexicografia bíblica hebraica. O problema abordado neste estudo pode ser formulado da seguinte maneira: O estudo procura investigar o popular dicionário de hebraico bíblico de Brown, Driver e Briggs (BDB) baseado em um dos mais antigos dicionários e editado por volta de 1810 por Wilhelm Gesenius como um modelo de sistema lexical bilíngüe no contexto da polêmica envolvendo glosas, definições e domínios semânticos. Partindo da hipótese de que ciência é qualquer conhecimento obtido pelo Método Científico, este estudo está estruturado em uma série de três passos. No primeiro passo observação a lexicografia hebraica bíblica é investigada mediante uma identificação dos principais dicionários de hebraico bíblico publicados em língua inglesa e portuguesa quanto as suas macro-estrutura e micro-estrutura. No segundo passo, uma hipótese é formulada. Partindo do conceito de que lexicografia é uma disciplina de aplicação em que o propósito vem primeiro e posteriormente a teoria, formula-se a hipótese de que um dicionário de hebraico bíblico é um modelo de um sistema lexical bilíngüe. Como fundamento teórico para esta hipótese, é apresentada uma analogia com um dos mais bem sucedido modelo de sistema e utilizado pelos engenheiros de telecomunicações o modelo de Erlang e o conceito de cadeia de transferência desenvolvido a partir do triângulo da significação de Ogden & Richards. O terceiro e último passo consiste em um experimento apropriado para verificação da validade da hipótese. Neste experimento, quatro poemas hebraicos (dois bíblicos, um medieval e um moderno) são traduzidos segundo as glosas fornecidas pelo BDB e comparadas às glosas de quatro outros dicionários de hebraico, além de uma comparação com antigas traduções da Bíblia Hebraica (Septuaginta e Vulgata) para os dois poemas bíblicos.
This Masters degree dissertation was conceived as an original work mainly concerned to Biblical Hebrew Lexicography. The basic problem in this study is to be formulated as follows: The study seeks to investigate the well-know Biblical Hebrew dictionary by Brown, Driver, and Briggs (BDB) based in one of the oldest Hebrew dictionary published around 1810 by Wilhelm gesenius as a model of a lexical bilingual system in the context of the polemic involving glosses, definitions and semantic domains. Proceeding on the assumption that Science is any knowledge that is arrived at by the Scientific Method, this study is structured on a series of three definite steps. In the first step observation modern Biblical Hebrew Lexicography is observed by a survey of Hebrew dictionaries published in English and Portuguese languages with a analysis of their macrostructure and microstructure. In the second step, a hypothesis is formulated. On the assumption that lexicography is an applied discipline in which the purpose comes first and the theory comes last, a hypothesis is formulated in which a Biblical Hebrew Dictionary is a model of a lexical bilingual system. As a framework for this hypothesis, a analogy is made with one of the most successful system model used by telecommunication engineers the Erlangs model and the concept of chain of transference is developed based on the Ogden & Richards triangle of signification. The third and final step is an appropriate experiment to see if the hypothesis is ubstantiated. In this experiment, four Hebrew poems (two biblical poems, one medieval poem and one modern poem) are translated according the glosses provided by BDB and compared to the glosses of four other Hebrew dictionaries besides a comparison to Hebrew Bible ancient versions (Septuagint and Vulgate) for the two biblical poems.
Carmo, Felipe Silva. "Sabedoria na Bíblia hebraica: uma breve introdução ao gênero literário sapiencial." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8158/tde-12092018-154930/.
Full textBiblical Wisdom as a corpus, theme or style is frequently applied freely to the reading of the Hebrew Bible. At the same time, the academicians admits the lack of precision on the preference for what should be considered or not as a sapiential theme or style, both for the analysis of biblical texts and for comparative studies. The following research presents a short introduction to the academic approaches which intented to recognize biblical wisdom as a literary genre, enphasizing its peculiarities in terms of form and content in order to make a distinction betweem them from the other discourses found in the Hebrew Bible. Likewise, the research also presents how the comparative studies applied the concepts formulated by biblicists for a comprehension of wisdom in the Ancient Middle East.
Perin, Tiago Rebello. "As formas verbais finitas do hebraico bíblico: qatal, yiqtol, wayyiqtol e weqatal e seus respectivos usos na narrativa e poesia bíblica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8158/tde-16082016-104318/.
Full textThe verbal system of Biblical Hebrew has been the subject of debate since the beginning of grammatical studies until today. The suffix and prefix conjugations, with or without the presence of prefixed waw (respectively, the verbal forms: qatal, yiqtol, weqatal e wayyiqtol) take a central part in this debate because of the wide range of meaning that they have in the Hebrew Bible. This research aims to present the various theoretical perspectives about the interpretation of the meaning and relationship of these four verbal forms and also the use of each of them in narrative and poetic texts of the Hebrew Bible.
Soares, André Galvão. "O processo de canonização da Bíblia Hebraica: sua história, critérios e consequências." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8158/tde-13122016-114712/.
Full textThe present work intends to trace the diachronic process of formation and fixation of the Hebrew Bibles canon, giving special attention to the theories e hypotheses that, in the past, have been proposed and, nowadays, denied and replaced by another ones. The traditional hypothesis about the formation of the Hebrew Bibles canon according to which three stages can be highlighted along the process that culminated in the formation of the Jewish sacred anthology, in such a way that each one of these stages would match the respective moment in which one of the three Hebrew Bibles section (Law, Prophets and Writings) was canonized will be presented, as well as the modern critics that several researchers have raised against it, while they propose new ways to understand the biblical canons genesis. This dissertation, therefore, deals with the writings that would be included in the canonical textual corpus, which would afterwards be called Tanakh, in the Jewish tradition, or Old (First) Testament, according to the Christian heritage. It is not the scope of this work to study another sacred canons, even those that clearly originated from the Jewish canon. The process through which certain books, in lieu of other ones, have been incorporated to the compilation of sacred writings will be demonstrated, and the variations among the canons recognized by different religious groups will not be dealt with, although it will be necessary at least to mention it. Given the growing development of the biblical studies, it is imperative, equally, that the underlying studies flourish, this is, that the biblical meta-studies also evolve, whose main goal is not to read the Bible or interpret it, but to analyse its final shape and exhibit the processes and the mechanisms that originated its configuration with which it came to us. Finally, the hermeneutical consequences due to the closing of the biblical canon will be presented.
Campos, Neto Lacy Vieira de. "Ética ambiental cristã a partir da narrativa proto-histórica da bíblia hebraica." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2018. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/3708.
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Man and nature are not separate parts, or mutually exclusive, because mankind was created as part of nature and thus created to care for the ecosystem. Whatever we do on earth, whether good or bad, will have an ecological impact, because of the integration between human life and all other earthly lives. The present work seeks to understand that creation in Hebrew literature is linked to a relationship between the Creator and the community of life within the ecosystem of our world. From the proto-historical text of Genesis, in its first chapter, which tells the creation of a living space for the human being, the importance of the care and maintenance of the ecosystem by human beings is analyzed. Our ecosystem is currently facing a global crisis, and political and social concern has been emphatic about environmental problems in response to this dire situation. In this sense, there is an essential need for an environmental management strategy that is not only necessary for the survival of humanity, but which deals with the reconciliation of a relationship with the Creator where human beings understand that care, sustainability and sustainable development are based on the proto-historical narrative of the Hebrew Bible. With the help of the vast theological work of Jürgen Moltmann, a theologian of the Reformed German Church, and his understanding of a theological approach to care for nature, Christianity can and should contribute to the promotion of a Christian environmental ethic to respond the grave ecological crisis in which the world finds itself.
Homem e natureza não são partes distintas ou excludentes entre si, pois a humanidade foi criada como parte da natureza e, assim criada para cuidar do ecossistema. O que quer que façamos na Terra, seja bem ou mal, terá um impacto ecológico devido à integração entre a vida humana e todas as outras vidas da terra. Consoante o exposto, o presente trabalho busca compreender que a criação na literatura hebraica está vinculada a um relacionamento entre o Criador e a comunidade de vida dentro do ecossistema de nosso mundo. A partir do texto protohistórico de Gênesis, em seu primeiro capítulo, que narra a criação de um espaço vital de vivência para o ser humano, analisa-se a importância do cuidado e manutenção do ecossistema por parte dos seres humanos. Atualmente nosso ecossistema enfrenta uma crise mundial e a preocupação política e social tem sido enfática quanto aos problemas ambientais em busca de uma resposta a este gravíssimo quadro. Neste sentido, surge uma obrigação imprescindível de uma estratégia de gestão ambiental não somente necessária para a sobrevivência da humanidade, mas que trata da reconciliação de um relacionamento com o Criador onde seres humanos entendam que o cuidado, a sustentabilidade e o desenvolvimento sustentável estão fundamentados na narrativa proto-histórica da bíblia hebraica. Com o auxílio da vasta obra teológica de Jürgen Moltmann, teólogo da Igreja Reformada Alemã, e seu entendimento a respeito de uma abordagem teológica para com o cuidado com a natureza, o cristianismo pode e deve contribuir com a promoção de uma ética ambiental cristã para responder a grave crise ecológica em que o mundo se encontra.
Francisco, Edson de Faria. "Neologismo semântico na massorá tiberiense." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8152/tde-26052008-152156/.
Full textThe meticulous work of preservation and transmission of the Hebrew Bible created by the masoretes, in the Medieval period, is called Masorah. This technical designation refers, specifically, to the annotations written in the Medieval Masoretic codices of Tiberian tradition. These notes are also found in the modern critical editions of the Hebrew Bible and in some publications of Rabbinical Bibles. The notes were created and developed by three different Masoretic traditions: Babylonian, Palestinian and Tiberian. The Tiberian Masorah has been the definitive form and the most-studied one in the scholarly world. The Tiberian Masorah has terminological items of Aramaic and Hebrew origins. The Masoretic terms were used in a specific way to show the several aspects of the Hebrew Bible text, such as consonants, vocalic signals, intonation accents, words, expressions, spelling, orthography and also grammatical notes. The main aim of such work was the complete preservation and transmission of the corpus of the Sacred Hebrew Scriptures. On account of this fact, this thesis is dedicated to two main aims: 1. To study and to present contributions about the linguistic reality of the masoretes and their approach to the Hebrew and Aramaic languages inside the Masorah. In addition, this research verifies if the Masorah language would be jargon, slang or speciality language. Besides, this work broaches, briefly, issues about the elliptic and synthetic language of the Masorah. 2. Collection and analysis of a set of Masoretic terminological items registered in the Leningrad Codex: Firkowitch I. B19a (L), classifying them according to their semantic nature, such as monossememic and polissememic and classes of semantic neology such as extension, narrowing, synecdoche and so on. In summary, a linguistic classification of possible situations of semantic neologisms in the Tiberian Masorah that is found in the Codex L.
Moreira, Tarsilio Soares. "Os salmos na NTLH: uma análise da equivalência dinâmica aplicada à Poesia Hebraica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8152/tde-17022014-112314/.
Full textThis research aims at analyzing the translation of the Psalms in NTLH (Nova Tradução na Linguagem de Hoje), which adopts Eugene Nidas principles of Dynamic Equivalence or Functional Equivalence, in which sense prevails over form. We investigate how this translation deals with poetic texts that abound with figures of speech and in which formal aspects generate sense. Therefore, we describe Nidas theory and some of its pertinent criticism; aspects of Hebrew Poetry; and, finally, we analyze some of the Psalms translations in NTLH.
Martins, Lucas Alamino Iglesias. "Encenação e maldição: uma introdução às ações simbólicas dos profetas da Bíblia Hebraica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8158/tde-23032016-152217/.
Full textIn Hebrew Bible Prophetism studies, one can notice the mention to the presence of symbolic actions reports. Although fragmentary, the studies that mention such actions encompass diverse views. The following research presents, in Portuguese, an introduction to the symbolic actions of the biblical prophets addressing the main standpoints of the academic scenario. Likewise, it presents the main characteristics of their symbolic actions and the importance of the Pentateuch covenant curses background for a better understanding of the theme.
Ribeiro, André Oswaldo Valença. "A relação entre nāḇî\' e miṯnabbê na Bíblia Hebraica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8158/tde-22012015-164817/.
Full textThe heterogeneity of the Israelite prophecy can be approached from several ways. In this study, we chose the binomial nāḇî\' and miṯnabbê as an observation window to an interdisciplinary study of the prophetic phenomena in the Hebrew Bible, using input from several disciplines. Our goal was to discuss an issue that is present in the current discussions of researchers, having a bibliography that is extensive but inconclusive. The difficulty researchers have to state to which extent the binomial nāḇî\'/miṯnabbê describes or not distinct phenomena makes the issue complex and instigating. The chapters of this work follow the scope of the study, which consists of four narratives: Nu 11, 1 Sa 10, Eze 13 and Mic 3. The participial form miṯnabbê describes the behavior of elders in the face of nāḇî\' Moses (Nu 11), the performance of Saul before a ḥeḇel neḇiʼim (group of prophets) in ecstasy and at the sound of music (1 Sa 10), as well as the activity of the prophetesses - miṯnabb ͤ ʼōṯ, whose obstinate (šrr) rationality (designated by the term lêḇ,\"heart\") is criticized by the nāḇî\' Ezekiel (Eze 13). The prophetic condition of the elders and Saul relates to the coming of the divine ruaḥ (blow, spirit). The noun nāḇî\' is emphasized also in the criticism about the payment of the prophet eager to cheat (šeqer) and to \"bite\" (nōšek) profitsand benefits(Mic 3). Through the examination of these passages, we raised discussions that resulted in a critical commentary on the Israelite prophecy, which highlights the opening of research possibilities raised by the binomial nāḇî\'/miṯnabbê
Francisco, Edson de Faria. "Masora Parva Comparada: Comparação entre as Anotações Massoréticas em Textos da Bíblia Hebraica de tradição Ben Asher em Isaías, capítulos de 1 a 10." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8152/tde-12062003-225729/.
Full textThe masoretic activity appeared in circa VII century in Babylon and its pinnacle was in circa X century, with the works of Tiberias masoretes in Israel, especially with the last of the Ben Asher family, Aaron ben Moses ben Asher. The Tiberian masoretic tradition of the Ben Asher branch, amongst other traditions, never had an exact and uniform pattern that would avoid divergence and contradiction both in the vocalization and the marking with accents. The Masorah itself shows its differences and contratitions. This work aims at analysing divergent masoretic notes from Masora Parva in the first ten chapters of the book of Isaiah in three texts of Ben Asher tradition, namely Alepo Codex A, Leningrad Codex B19a (L) and Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (BHS). The first two texts are the most correlated and the main masoretic manuscripts that follow Ben Asher tradition. Furthermore, they are the outcome of the masoretic activity that took place in the X and XI centuries. BHS, the most important critical edition of the Hebrew biblical texts dates from XX century and is based in the text and in the Masorah of one of Ben Asher manuscripts, the Codex L. Analysing the differences in the above-mentioned sources, this work intends to discuss the reasons of the divergences and contraditions in the masoretic notes and the methods of composition of the notes used by two of the main masoretes in charge of the Codex A and the Codex L. The composition of the Masorah of BHS whose editor, Gérard E. Weil, aimed at making a more detailed and less contradictory masoretic commentary will also be analysed. The method adopted by Weil is analysed focusing on the practice of the masoretes in circa X and XI centuries.
Montalvão, Sérgio Aguiar. "A homossexualidade na bíblia hebraica: um estudo sobre a prostituição sagrada no antigo oriente médio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8152/tde-16112009-113815/.
Full textThe work has the objective to present the homosexuality in the Hebrew Bible through the passages of Levíticus 18:22, 20:13; Deuteronomy 22:5, 23:18-19; 1st King 14:24, 15:12, 22:46; and 2nd Kings 23:7; to analyse the relations of prostitution cultual masculine of terms found in Deuteronomy 23:18-19 (qadesh and keleb); region of the Near Easts terms made a list to ritual homosexual worships role (qaditu and assinu); ritual deities with the masculine rite (Asherah of 2 Kings 23:7 and Astarte of Kítion in Cyprus connected with keleb in Deuteronomy 23:18-19) what they are with the fertility rites; to work the historical context in which the ritual homosexuality was developed in Israel and Judá (1st Kings 14:24, 15:12, 22:46 and 2nd Kings 23:7); and the question of the abominations and injunctions so much of the homosexuality (Levíticus 18:22 and 20:13) how much of tranvestism (Deuteronomy 22:5). The research will be carried out through several academic\'s studies which wrote about the subject of homosexuality in the Hebrew Bible and on his lifted questions and conclusions.
Braga, Eliézer Serra. "Santas e sedutoras: as heroínas na Bíblia hebraica - a mulher entre as narrativas bíblicas e a literatura patrística." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8152/tde-06052008-111605/.
Full textThe objective of this study is the analysis, by the socio-literary boarding approach, of the characterization that the Hebrew Bible mentions about three women, or women groups, characters of its narratives. Look foreword to figure out her sexual behavior and her morality in contrast with the requirements made on the woman in other parts of this same Bible, considering the woman importance for the traditions of the Israel\'s formation. It will be also looked foreword to find out some contrasts even superficially, between the judgment that makes the Biblical narrator as the apparent unorthodox behavior of these women and the rabbinical judaism arguments and the first thinkers of the Christianity and their interpretation such as, this kind of feminine behavior. Will they be Lot\'s daughters and their incestuous relation, Tamar, Juda\'s daughter-in-law and her prostitution and Noemi and Rute\'s saga in the episode of the seduction of Boaz. The Hebrew Bible is the main source of inspiration for the three most influential and growing religions in the world since second-century A. D. Part of the east and all through the west have found its socio-cultural basis in them, which are: the Judaism, the Christianity and the Islamism. Considering the feminine social behavior importance for such religions, it will be important to figure out what the Hebrew Bible has to say on which must be the values that bases it. The social attitudes are deeply influenced by the manner in how to conceive the divinity. Therefore, it becomes extremely relevant to the West christianity, to figure out, how especially the judaism and the Christianism 8 interpreted the Biblical texts with regard to the current women into the Biblical narratives, in order to eliminate the differences and injustices motivated by religious mistaken Interpretations. Taking in consideration the notable \"androcentrism\" of the authors, reviewers and Bible editors, witch according to some critics was one of the signs of their devotion, determining the way they wrote their texts, and considering still the misogyny that predominated the Biblical texts interpretation art up to now, it\'s important to find out if the West Christian devotion is not totally supported on a concealed prejudicial basis of religious concepts attributed to the divine revelation, thanks to the interested interpretations even though to the Biblical authors intentions regarding woman.
Szuchman, Esther. "Língua e identidade: função da língua hebraica (segunda língua) no ensino-aprendizagem das escolas judaicas de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8152/tde-04102012-090920/.
Full textThis study aims to investigate and reflect, from a discursive perspective, upon the role of the Hebrew language as a second language on the teaching-learning process and the main factors that influence this process of identification / identity in the current socialhistorical context of the Jewish community of Sao Paulo represented in its heterogeneity by both secular and religious Jewish Community schools. We aim, from the didactic-pedagogical discourse that permeates the Jewish community schools Hebrew language teaching, which is mandatory as a regular subject in grade school today, to analyse from interviews of former students, teachers and principals, imaginary symbolic affiliations which constitute their identification processes with the Hebrew language in its close relationship to history, memory and language. To do so, in our analysis, we study the discursive sequences obtained in our questionnaire about the linguistic - cultural identity / identification, from subjectpositions and the imaginary representation of former students, teachers and principals from secular and religious schools developed in their contradictory relations around knowledge of the Hebrew language in the teaching learning process. In this specific study of this knowledge we seek to analyze the subject\'s relationship to the language of the \"other\" in society and history. We question in these analyses the conception of subject, identification / identity and the teaching - learning of second / foreign languages. Finally, we propose to look at the teaching-learning of a second language, highlighting the complexity of the subject\'s relationship with themselves and with the other\'s language, as the act of being between languages. We view the subjects in their heterogeneity and in their inherent contradiction, as well as historical/social and cultural determinations permeated by their unconsciousness and their ideology. From this perspective, the contemporary subjectivity is produced as a movement in history with its dislocations, and determinations between the in and out, the same and the different, between the other in the languages, a space of necessary re- accommodations in the impossibility to say everything.
Prazeres, Alexandre de Jesus dos. "Néfesh e Basar : a relação corpo-alma na Bíblia Hebraica e suas implicações para a cultura somática hodierna." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2013. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=978.
Full textDal, Fabbro Daniela. "Genesis capitulos 1 e 2, 1-4 : um estudo de traduções e exegese." [s.n.], 2002. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/269731.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: O ponto de partida deste trabalho é a interpretação da história da criação do mundo. Com o objetivo de mostrar um pouco da exegese bíblica, são analisadas traduções, feitas a partir do hebraico, à luz de um dos maiores exegetas do judaísmo, Rashi. Entre os tradutores- Haroldo de Campos, André Chouraqui, Rabino Meir Matzliah Melamed e Aryeh Kaplan - incluo uma lingüista aplicada, Dal Fabbro, a autora desta pesquisa. A análise se pauta pelos níveis lingüísticos (sintático, morfológico, léxico-semântico) e por fatores pragmáticos e estilísticos. O arcabouço teórico inclui os trabalhos. de Umberto Eco (com a noção de "intenção de texto") , Travaglia (a tradução como ressignificação) e Patrick Dahlet (abordagem cognitivo-lingüístico à produção textual). Conclui-se que todas as traduções analisadas se centralizam no significado do texto, levando em conta a língua e a cultura hebraicas, ou seja, buscam a intenção do texto. As diferenças entre uma tradução e a outra se devem (1) ao nívellingüístico, priorizado por cada um dos tradutores, (2) ao ponto de vista de cada um, (3) à relação entre tradutor e leitor (pragmática) e/ou (4) a variações estilísticas
Abstract: In order to illustrate biblical exegesis, translations made directly from Hebrew are examined on the basis of the interpretations of Rashi: one of the great savants of Judaísm. Among the translations are those of Haroldo de Campos, André Chouraqui, Rabbi Meir Matzliah Melamed and Aryeh Kaplan, to which I compare my own translation (DaI Fabbro, author of this dissertation). The analysis examines linguistic levels (syntactic, morphologic and lexico-semantic) as well as pragmatic and stylistic factors. The theoretical support for this dissertation comes from Umberto Eco (the concept of "text intention"), Neusa Travaglia (the translation as "resignificance") and Patrick Dahlet (linguistical-cognitive approach of textual production). It is concluded that all the translations are concemed with meaning in terms of Hebrew language and culture, in other words, they search for the intention of the textoThe differences between translations are due to (1) the linguisticallevel privileged by each of the translators, (2) point of view, (3) the relation between translator and reader (pragmatics) and (4) stylistic variations
Mestrado
Tradução
Mestre em Linguística Aplicada
Kotler, Carmia. "O uso da arte como instrumento ideológico na fundação de Israel: estudo sobre \'Nos Passos da Consumpção, espetáculo em sete atos sobre os dias de Ezequias, rei de Judá, e Acaz, seu pai\', de Eliezer Lipa Ioffê." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8152/tde-07112014-123522/.
Full textThis thesis analyses the use of art as an ideological tool in the founding of Israel through the study on Eliezer Lipa Ioffe´s theater play \"In the Footsteps of Consumption, spectacle in seven acts on the days of Hezekiah king of Judah and Akhaz his father and some other texts written by him. This work sets light on the revival of the Hebrew language in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and also deals with biographical elements and the development of Hebrew Language Theater. Ioffe´s theatrical work translated here to Portuguese imposes itself as a strong criticism against collectivist ideas, wich are considered egalitarian, synthesized in the kibutz life, as well as against controversial political attitudes of the time, with repercussions in the present. As part of the Israeli current trend of autobiographical publications about kibutz life, this work seeks to expose in a different format, through the work of Ioffe, the mistrust about the apparent equality in the kibutz community life, and on the same time present an \"individualistic\" life option offered by Moshav Ovdim, created by Ioffe
Junior, Edson Magalhães Nunes. "A terra em Gênesis 1-9: uma leitura microscópica crítica da narrativa." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8158/tde-17052018-134150/.
Full textThe relationship between man and earth, is vital in every culture and in the Hebrew Bible. The main theme God-earth-man is presented in Genesis 1-9 and the foundation for its dynamics are established. The present dissertation is a proposal to read the biblical texts from a narative critcism view, taking the earth as character.
Hubner, Manu Marcus. "A rota do êxodo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8152/tde-03022010-155601/.
Full textThe forty-year period in which the children of Israel left Egypt and entered the land of Canaan was a period of miracles and wonders. Being far from the cities, in places where human survival was extremely difficult and challenging, such as in dry and inhospitable deserts, survival was a miracle. The choice of the route for this journey was anything but random. It appears to be contingent upon geographic, environmental, strategic and security factors. The forty two stops or stations dont seem to be the final destinations in themselves, but rather mere intermediate stages of the long journey to the land of Canaan. In despite of this, each one of these locations has a history and a meaning and seems to be a part of a Divine plan. Thus, the whole period of the wanderings through the desert seems to be a necessary test for that generation. It transformed a group of slaves into a nation, with a national unity, laws and a sense of existence. It is the history of the birth of a nation. The climax of this journey is the reception of the Torah in the Mount Sinai, which marked in a unique and final way the history of Israel.
Morais, Eunice Angelo de. "Ana: ousadia que mudou o seu destino." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8152/tde-09112007-153724/.
Full textAnalyses of two first chapters that integrate the 1 Samuel book of Hebrew Bible, with emphasis in historical, liguistics and literary aspects. In these chapters we find the history of Hannah, a woman that suffered very much because she hasn\'t childrens and because the other wife of her husband has got them. The Hannah\'s sterility changed after she prays to God, and promisses to give the son that wasborn to the religious service. A comparision with others Hebrew Bibles characters is done to demonstrate which actitudes of Hannah make of her one of the most notable females characters of Ancient Israel. At the end we notice too how the poetry inserted into this narrative has influenced the christian literature.
Vailatti, Carlos Augusto. "Um olhar sobre o simbolismo mágico-religioso no livro de êxodo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8158/tde-20072016-181145/.
Full textThis thesis aims to analyze some biblical passages of the book of Exodus, especially situated between chapters 4-14, from the theoretical framework of magicreligious symbolism. To achieve this purpose, we will divide our research into four parts. First, we will seek to understand the meaning of the symbol, as well as its importance to the Hebrew Bible as a whole and especially to the book of Exodus. Second, we will discourse about the meaning of magic and religion, we will cover the main anthropological and sociological theories about it and then we justify the use of the compound term magical-religious in our research. Third, we will discuss on the phenomenon of the magical-religious in the Hebrew Bible. Finally, in fourth and last place, with the help of magical-religious symbolic instrumental previously constructed, we will present our translation and its exegesis of some excerpts from the book of Exodus, ranging from chapters 4 to 14. For this, we will base on the Hebrew Masoretic text present in the standard critical edition of the Tanakh, that is, the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, edited by Karl Elliger and Wilhelm Rudolph, which is currently in its fifth edition revised. With this work we intend to contribute to the studies concerning the Hebrew Bible and especially the book of Exodus.
Costa, José Carlos de Lima. "A INFLUÊNCIA DO PROFETISMO HEBRAICO NA PRÁXIS DE JESUS À LUZ DOS EVANGELHOS SINÓTICOS." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2012. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/843.
Full textThis work deals with the influence of the Old Testament prophetism on the actions and words of Jesus, as he is presented by the synoptic Gospels. The present research intends to demonstrate that in the presentation of the life and teaching of Jesus portrayed by the synoptics, the Nazarene partially breaks with most of the religious movements of his time and reclaims ancient prophetic traditions available to him in the TaNaK. Initially, a bibliographical research shall undertake a biblicotheological revision, aiming at understanding Israelite prophetism as presented in the Hebrew Bible. Then, a bibliographical and exegetical study will be done in the principal synoptic texts which present Jesus‟ prophetic praxis. The investigation shall focus on the image of Jesus as seen in the synoptic gospels, in their canonical form. In the final stage, the data of both researches will be analyzed and compared with each other. The common points observed between Old Testament prophetism and Jesus‟ praxis shall be carefully analyzed, in order to establish possible influences. The research‟s final report is made up of three parts: First, according to the synoptic presentation, it becomes clear that Jesus saw himself as a prophet of God, an impression shared by those who knew him; second, so as to understand better this influence, a further investigation of Israelite prophetism is done, as this tradition is presented in the Hebrew Bible; third, an investigation is undertaken of both the deeds and the preaching of Jesus, identifying possible influences that Old Testament prophetism might have exerted upon his actions and words. Finally, this work deals with the implications of prophetic influence on the praxis represented by Jesus.
Este trabalho se propõe a abordar a influência do profetismo veterotestamentário nas ações e palavras de Jesus, conforme a apresentação feita dele nos Evangelhos Sinóticos. A pesquisa pretende demonstrar que na apresentação da vida e ensinos de Jesus feita pelos sinóticos, o Nazareno rompe parcialmente com os principais movimentos religiosos de seu tempo e retoma antigas tradições proféticas, as quais lhe estavam disponíveis na TaNaK. O trabalho consistirá, inicialmente, de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, através da qual se fará um estudo bíblico-teológico, visando compreender o profetismo israelita conforme se apresenta na Bíblia Hebraica. Em seguida, será feito um levantamento bibliográfico e exegético nos principais textos Sinóticos que expressam a práxis profética de Jesus. A presente investigação focalizará a imagem de Jesus apresentada nos Evangelhos Sinóticos, em sua forma canônica. Na etapa final, os dados de ambas as pesquisas serão analisados e comparados. Os pontos comuns observados entre o profetismo veterotestamentário e a práxis de Jesus serão cuidadosamente analisados, a fim de se estabelecer possíveis influências. O relatório final da pesquisa compõe-se de três partes: Primeiramente, demonstra-se que, de acordo com a apresentação sinótica, tanto Jesus quanto aqueles que o conheceram, viram-no primeiramente como profeta de Deus; em seguida, a fim de se compreender melhor esta influência, procede-se com a investigação do profetismo israelita, conforme ele se apresenta na Bíblia Hebraica; por último, investiga-se tanto a atuação quanto a pregação de Jesus, identificando possíveis influências que o profetismo veterotestamentário possa ter exercido sobre suas ações e palavras. Finalizando, o trabalho aborda as implicações que a influência profética na práxis de Jesus representa.
Silva, Marcelo Moura da. "Conflitos e Esperanças: um estudo em Gênesis 25-36 e na literatura profética da Bíblia Hebraica sobre a relação entre os descendentes de Esaú e Jacó." Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, 2010. http://tede.metodista.br/jspui/handle/tede/258.
Full textIn the history of humanity, the reality of conflicts and wars between neighboring nations has been common. The most shocking fact is that, religious speech, instead of discouraging such realities can encourage and justify projects of power of these nations. The study of the Hebrew Bible can cast light to understand the realities of conflict between nations and the role of religious speech on such situations. For that, this research proposed to study narratives that deal with the origin and the development of international rivalry and conflicts. The research especially studied the familiar narratives and the prophetic oracles that dealt with rivalry, conflicts and the hatred between Israel and Edom to propose a review capable of encouraging projects of peace. The exegetical exercises in familiar narratives (Gn 35-36) and in the prophetic oracles against Edom (in the oracle collections against the nations, in the book of Obadiah, and in pericopes of Is 63,1-6 and of Ml 1,2-5) approach the literary material of the Hebrew Bible to investigate the origin and the development of the conflicts between Israel and Edom. Special attention was given to the study of the historical construction of the hatred and the role of religious literature in the growing development of the rivalries, animosities and conflicts. The first chapter studied the saga of Isaac as a historical and theological document that dealt with the familiar origin of rivalry between the twin brothers, with significant differences on the construction of their lives and identities. The second chapter studied, in the prophetic literature, the Oracles against the Nations and, more specifically, the oracles against Edom. In this phase, the research studied the importance of this literary genre on the construction of a more universal theology that attributes the control of history to God, aiming to better care for Israel. The third chapter also evaluated the other prophetic material that dealt with conflict and even divine hatred against the Edomites (Is 63,1-6 and Ml 1,2-5). In these chapters, the stimulation of the conflicts and the construction of religious speech with great animosity against Edom were noticed. The studies on the narratives of rivalry and of conflicts between Israel and Edom in the Hebrew Bible try to highlight, in the historical dynamics of conflicts, the hope of peace for international relations. Above all, the research proposed a review of these texts for a construction of religious-theological speech that stimulates tolerance and ethics of peace.
Na história da humanidade, a realidade de conflitos e de guerras entre povos vizinhos têm sido comum. O que mais assusta é o fato que, o discurso religioso, ao invés de desencorajar tais realidades pode incentivar e justificar os projetos de poder dessas nações. O estudo da Bíblia Hebraica pode lançar luzes para o entendimento das realidades de conflito entre nações e para o papel do discurso religioso nestes. Para isto, essa pesquisa propôs-se a estudar narrativas que abordam a origem e o desenvolvimento de rivalidades e de conflitos internacionais. Especialmente, estudou as narrativas familiares e os oráculos proféticos que abordaram a rivalidade, os conflitos e o ódio entre Israel/Judá e Edom para propor uma releitura capaz de encorajar projetos de paz. Os exercícios exegéticos nas narrativas familiares (Gn 35-36) e nos oráculos proféticos contra Edom (nas coleções de oráculos contra as nações, no livro de Obadias, e em perícopes de Is 63,1-6 e de Ml 1,2-5) abordaram o material literário da Bíblia Hebraica para investigar sobre a origem e o desenvolvimento dos conflitos entre Israel/Judá e Edom. Especial atenção foi dada ao estudo da construção histórica do ódio e o papel da literatura religiosa no crescente desenvolvimento das rivalidades, animosidades e conflitos. O primeiro capítulo estudou a saga de Isaque como documento histórico e teológico que abordou a origem familiar da rivalidade entre os irmãos gêmeos, com diferenças significativas na construção de suas vidas e identidades. O segundo capítulo estudou, na literatura profética, os Oráculos contra as Nações e, mais especificamente, os oráculos contra Edom. Nesta fase estudou a importância desse gênero literário na construção de uma teologia mais universal que atribuía a Deus o controle da história, visando maior cuidado com Israel. O terceiro capítulo também avaliou outro material profético que abordou o conflito e, até mesmo, o ódio divino contra os edomitas (Is 63,1-6 e Ml 1,2-5). Nestes, percebeu-se o acirramento dos conflitos e a construção de um discurso religioso mais animoso contra Edom. Os estudos nas narrativas de rivalidade e de conflitos entre Israel/Judá e Edom na Bíblia Hebraica procuraram destacar, na dinâmica história de conflitos, as esperanças de paz para as relações internacionais. Sobretudo, propôs reler esses textos para a construção de um discurso religioso-teológico que estimule a tolerância e a ética da paz.
Junior, Irrael Baboni Cordeiro de Melo. "Mensageiros divinos na Bíblia Hebráica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8152/tde-07102011-103837/.
Full textThis thesis aims at conducting a general analysis of the divine messengers described by the term malakh reported in the Hebrew Bible. In the biblical text is the term used by malakh refer to human messengers sent to the supernatural and still subordinate to God. The entire first chapter is devoted to the investigation of the etymology of the word in question. In order to clearly discern the relationship or even the opposition between human and divine messengers, the second chapter deals with various biblical episodes where men play the role of messengers, not only as bearers of a divine message, but also with political functions and diplomatic. Still dealing with this type of messenger, it is emphasized the presence of the prophets and priests who despite belonging to the human sphere, play the role of messengers of divinity. Then the third and final chapter deals with the divine messengers themselves, usually translated or understood as \"angels\". At this point, interpretations related to identity, classifications and functions are fleshed out on time. Finally, the activity of biblical Bible will be examined further in light of relevant messengers literature of the ancient Middle East.
Paiva, Anderson Gomes de. "O patriarca e o filho das entranhas: análise das relações de parentesco e convivência no ciclo abraâmico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8152/tde-22022010-143924/.
Full textThis research aims to present an analysis of the patrilineal principles in the Patriarchal narratives of the Book of Genesis. Our goal is to demonstrate how these set of principles mold important aspects of the Patriarchal family and clan and the ancient Israelite society as well , and also how it find expression in the world view of the various writers of the Scriptures. We also emphasize relevant aspects such as the succession process in the extended family and the blessing that confirms the successor in his privileged position.
Oliveira, Karina Santos de. "\'À semelhança de homem e mulher\': um estudo sobre a representação humana em Dura Europos à luz do interdito bíblico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8158/tde-15032016-145139/.
Full textThis paper presents the findings of our study on human representation in the frescoes of Dura Europos synagogue, dating from the third century CE, in Syria, in the light of the biblical injunction of the Decalogue (Ex 20: 4-5; Deuteronomy 5: 8-9 ) which establishes that the Israelites should not do for themselves \"graven image\", and reaffirmed by the verse Deuteronomy 4:16, which says that the Israelites should not make a graven image in the form of idol, \"likeness of man and woman \". It begins by explaining the meaning of this decree and how it appears in the books of the Hebrew Bible that address the issue of making images and idolatry. The analysis of biblical texts and reference bibliography on the subject allows us to infer that the injunction did not prohibit the manufacture of all types of human representation, but only those made for worship. It follows that analysis a contextualization of human representation by the Israelites in ancient times, from pre-monarchical period to the third century CE, the century in which the Dura Europos synagogue is built and adorned with frescoes depicting biblical scenes. The goal is to create a connection between the decree of the Hebrew Bible and Jewish history, which led to the development of a set of synagogues at the end of that period, in which Europos Dura is inserted, in which we find human representation in the form of frescoes on walls or mosaic floors. The literature on archaeological relics from the period shows that the Israelites both produced images allowed as those considered prohibited and experienced external influences that led to the conception of Dura Europos synagogue. Finally, we formulate a presentation of the frescoes that synagogue and try to find what the meaning that scholars have attributed to them. From this analysis it was concluded that the human representation in the frescoes of Dura Europos synagogue was not contrary to biblical injunction so I had no way of worship, but rather a didactic purpose. The intention was to convey a teaching and reinforcing the identity of the Jewish community from the reproduction of scenes depicting the history of Israel\'s salvation. The remembrance of the glorious moments of the past aimed at creating positive expectations about the future, by a worrying current situation regarding the survival of the Jewish community of Dura Europos and of Judaism itself.
Raveli, Flávia Albergaria. "Indícios do traumático no romance De Amor e Trevas: um exercício de leitura." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47132/tde-17072013-085930/.
Full textThis work is an interpretation of Amós Ozs novel and its starting point is the identification of traumatic aspects in this narrative. This consideration, in its turn, springs from the reading experience. The theoretical discussion based on an interdisciplinary conceptualization of the traumatic and on the notion of strangeness as a necessary procedure for the interpretation has also sprung from the reading. The procedures and concepts used here work as a border for the dissonances and alterity of the novel, for what I define as traces of the traumatic. Psychoanalysis is present as a hearing place for these dissonances
Moraes, Reginaldo Pereira de. "O direito de primogenitura no Antigo Testamento, à luz das narrativas sobre Esaú e Jacó (Gn 25.19-34 e 27.1-45)." Faculdades EST, 2012. http://tede.est.edu.br/tede/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=368.
Full textEsta dissertação pesquisa o direito de primogenitura no Antigo Testamento à luz das narrativas de Esaú e Jacó, em especial, nos textos de Gênesis 25.19-26; 25.27-34 e 27.1-45. Para isso, optou-se por um delineamento bibliográfico sob um viés exegético. Assim, faz-se um diálogo com a psicologia e a antropologia, de onde se percebe que essa temática é tão presente na antiguidade quanto nos dias hodiernos. Notou-se também que, apesar das convenções praticamente assentadas acerca da hegemonia da primogenitura no Antigo Testamento, não há como saber quais culturas teriam influenciado as outras. Semelhantemente, não se encontrou leis bíblicas que embasassem tal pensamento. Nem por isso, se pode dizer que o primogênito não tivesse sua importância, pois não foram poucos os textos que demonstraram tal relevância. Ainda, a partir das exegeses feitas nas três principais perícopes analisadas, juntamente com uma abordagem, en passant, de outros trechos, pode-se argumentar a favor de uma história real, apesar de vários aspectos literários que poderiam ser usados como contrário. Tais narrativas estão carregadas de conflitos intrafamiliares, que serviram para demonstrar a prática corriqueira da primogenitura na cultura hebraica. Além disso, quanto à definição de Direito de Primogenitura, defende-se uma aplicação que abarcava cinco dimensões: espiritual (a bênção em si tinha uma conotação quase que mágica, de tão forte); religiosa (além do fato do primogênito ser consagrado a Deus, havia sua responsabilidade em cuidar e dirigir o culto ao Senhor); patrimonial (os bens repassados aos filhos também consistiam em terra e/ou domínios, não obstante o período de semi- nomadismo e sua constante transumância); social (a liderança do clã e sua representatividade, junto ao conselho de anciãos, faziam parte da função do primogênito); e, ainda, uma dimensão existencial (o filho mais velho era o responsável por perpetuar o nome de seu pai, vivendo como se fosse a continuidade da vida de seus antecessores).
This dissertation researches the birthright in the Old Testament in light of the narratives of Esau and Jacob, particularly, the texts of Genesis 25.19-26, 25.27-34 and 27.1-45. For this, a design of bibliography was chosen under an exegetical perspective. Thus, a dialogue with psychology and anthropology is performed, from where it is perceived that theme is as present nowadays as it was in ancient times. It was also noted that, despite the conventions almost settled on the hegemony of the birthright in the Old Testament, there is no way of knowing which cultures have influenced others. Similarly, there were no biblical laws that could justify such thinking. But we can not say that the firstborn would not have his importance, after all there are many texts demonstrating such relevance. Still, from the exegeses made in three major pericopes analyzed, along with an approach, en passant, of other passages, one can present an argument in favor of a real story, in spite of several literary aspects that could be used in contrast. Such narratives are full of intra-family conflicts, which served to demonstrate the common practice of birthright in the Hebrew culture. Moreover, regarding the definition of Birthright, an application that included five dimensions is defended: spiritual (blessings had an almost magical connotation, it was very strong); religious (besides the fact that the firstborn was consecrated to God, he had the responsibility to take care of and lead the worship of the Lord); patrimonial (assets transferred to the children consisted of land and or dominions, notwithstanding the period of semi-nomadism and the constant transhumance); social (the leadership of the clan and its representation before the council of elders were part of the responsibilities of the firstborn); and also an existential dimension (the eldest son was responsible for perpetuating the name of his father, living as the continuity of the life of his predecessors).
Fábris, Rogério de. "ANTROPOLOGIA SEMÍTICA. UMA ANÁLISE EXEGÉTICA DA PERÍCOPE DE DT 6,1-9, COM APROXIMAÇÃO AO VOCÁBULO LEV." Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, 2014. http://tede.metodista.br/jspui/handle/tede/296.
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This research aims to research the word lev in the passage from Deuteronomy 6,1-9. This word is also used in various parts of the Old Testament. Thus the research also suggests a set of this use in view of various authors. The first chapter presents the blocks that constitute the frame of the book of Deuteronomy with the aim of identifying where the larger context is the pericope of Dt 6,1-9. In the second chapter we start from an exegetical analysis of the pericope highlighting the various aspects of language , such as writing style, literary genre, and content analysis. This part also contains a detailed analysis of the underlying text production realities, as historical seat, social, political and ideological. The third chapter presents the broad semantic field of the word lev in the Old Testament from the perspective of several authors. Such delineation aims to explore the polysemy of the word, and thus neutralize it, seeking the best sense of the word for the pericope of Dt 6,1-9.
A presente pesquisa tem como objeto de investigação o vocábulo lev na perícope de Dt 6,1-9. Este vocábulo também é utilizado em várias partes do Antigo Testamento. Assim a pesquisa também faz um levantamento deste uso na perspectiva de diversos autores. No primeiro capítulo se apresentam os blocos que constituem a moldura do livro do Deuteronômio com o objetivo de identificarmos o contexto maior onde encontra-se a perícope de Dt 6,1-9. No segundo capítulo partimos de uma análise exegética da perícope ressaltando os vários aspectos da linguagem, como estilo literário, gênero literário, e análise de conteúdo. Nesta parte também consta uma análise das realidades concretas subjacentes à produção do texto, como assento histórico, contexto social, político e ideológico. No terceiro capítulo apresentase o amplo campo semântico do vocábulo lev no Antigo Testamento na perspectiva de diversos autores. Tal delineação tem por objetivo explorar a polissemia do vocábulo, e assim neutralizá-la, buscando o sentido mais apropriado do vocábulo para a perícope de Dt 6,1-9.
Llamas, Vela Antonio. "Instituciones hebraicas /." Salamanca : Universidad pontifícia de Salamanca, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb410538357.
Full textMedeiros, Filho Félix Antônio de. "A concepção de alma/espírito na Pré-História: um estudo semântico do Nostrático." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2014. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/4233.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Nostratic is a hypothetical language infered by Holger Pedersen in the beginning of the 20th century. Since the hypothesis was set up in the scientific world, several generations of linguists have been trying to solve the problem it created. Ancestral language of Greek and Hebrew, the Nostratic indicates in its vocabulary a lifestyle forgotten lifestyle by both cultures, but though its marks did not disappear in their lexicon. Spoken in the Mesolithic, when the Early Stone Age was in transition to the Polished Stone Age, this language followed in its existence the change from a hunting and gathering economical culture to an agricultural and urbanized one. The study of the nostratic root *ʕ̱oṭ∇- breathe, blow allowed to perceive it as cognate for the Greek ἀηκóο blow, breath, air and the hebrew root √qṭr incense, scent , whereas in its sister languages, in both linguistic families, it has often meant soul, phantom, spirit, deity . The Greek, an example of the Eurasiatic Branch of the Nostratic Languages, more specifically the Indo-European, still keeps in its vocabulary some relation with the shamanic religion. On the other hand, the Hebrew, example of the Afrasiatic Branch, from the Semitic family, already suffered deep changes due to the advent of agriculture, which reached that people in more archaic periods than the indo-europeans. To illustrate this, there was a selection of the older literary texts in each language, which allowed us to analyse the most primitive reccurrence of this lexicon, for comparison. For this comparison, a semantic study was accomplished in order to check which elements of its semantics are more persistent and which are lost in the evolve of these languages, and thus it was possible to chart which archaic concepts for soul in the Nostratic religion are still present today.
O Nostrático é uma língua hipotética deduzida por Holger Pedersen no início do século XX. Desde que a hipótese foi levantada no mundo científico, várias gerações de linguistas vêm tentando resolver o problema que ela criou. Ancestral do Grego e do Hebraico, o Nostrático aponta em seu vocabulário para um modo de vida esquecido pelas duas culturas, mas cujas marcas não desapareceram de seu léxico. Falada no Mesolítico, quando a cultura da Pedra Lascada estava em transição para a Pedra Polida, essa língua acompanhou ainda em sua existência a transformação de uma economia de caça e coleta para uma agrícola e paulatinamente urbanizada. O estudo da raiz nostrática *ʕ̱oṭ∇- respiração, sopro permitiu perceber como cognatos o vocábulo grego ἀηκóο sopro, bafo, ar e a raiz hebraica √qṭr incenso, aroma , enquanto que em suas línguas irmãs, em ambas as famílias linguísticas, vinha frequentemente significando também alma, fantasma, espírito, divindade . O grego, representante do ramo Eurasiático das línguas nostráticas, mais especificamente o Indo-Europeu, ainda mantém em seu vocabulário alguma relação com a religião xamânica. Por outro lado, o hebraico, representante do Afrasiático, da família Semita, já sofreu profundas transformações devido ao advento da agricultura, que atingiu aquele povo em períodos mais arcaicos que entre os indo-europeus. Para ilustrar isso, fez-se a seleção dos textos literários mais antigos de cada língua, permitindo analisar a recorrência mais primitiva desse léxico e só então compará-los. Para essa comparação, vale-se de um estudo semântico que permite verificar quais elementos de sua semântica são mais persistentes e quais foram perdidos na evolução dessas línguas, assim sendo possível mapear que conceitos arcaicos para alma na religião nostrática ainda estão presentes na atualidade.
Vives, Verónica. "Estudio, traducción anotada y edición crítica del Et Sofer de David Qimhi. Repensando su autoría." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285780.
Full textThe work Et Sofer [Pen of the Scribe] attributed to the grammarian, exegete and lexicographer David Qimhi (1160-1235) (= Radaq) was edited by B. Goldberg in 1864, in a non-critical manner. Chapter I. David Qimhi: A reappraisal of his biography In this chapter those references which are required reading for the study of the works of Radaq in modern times are set out, whilst offering a historical journey in time in an attempt to ascertain which were the historical (Jewish and non-Jewish) sources consulted in the writing of Radaq's biography. Chapter II. References to Et Sofer With the same objective in mind, historical sources (Jewish and non-Jewish) are listed which mention Et Sofer. Included in these references for the first time are handwritten notes by M. de Lonzano (circa 1550- before 1624) written in the margins of a printed edition of Sefer Mikhlol by Radaq, in which Lonzano names Et Sofer. Present day references to Et Sofer are also compared to the real content of the work. Chapter III. Et Sofer. Structure and content This chapter is dedicated to establishing, once and for all, the real structure of the work and, thus, remove any references to this work which do not correspond to its real content. Chapter IV. Et Sofer attributed to David Qimhi. Rethinking its authorship Once we demonstrate that this work has not had been studied, or consulted over time, it becomes necessary to compare it with other works by Qimhi, especially grammatical works, in particular, Sefer Mikhlol. This chapter includes testimonies by leading authors who have suspected that the work offers some inconsistencies: B. Goldberg, R. Kirchheim, A. Dotan and J. Penkower. Furthermore, it contains a contrasted study with the Qimhi’s Sefer Mikhlol. The objectives of this thesis are to: 1) Achieve a critical edition and translation of the work Et Sofer. 2) Demonstrate the impossibility of Qimhi as the author of Et Sofer. 3) Determine the exact limits of Et Sofer in relation to Sefer Mikhlol. 4) Identify other content present in Et Sofer whose sources have not been mentioned. 5) Invalidate those references which have circulated for centuries with imprecise and incorrect information with regard to the content of Et Sofer. After this Study (volume I) are included the Spanish translation (volume II) and the Critical Editon (volume III).
Loopstra, Jonathan Andrew. "In search of Hebraica Veritas a methodological study into the utilization and implication of Jewish writers in the Pentateuchal and textual criticism of the Histoire critique du Vieux Testament /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2002. http://www.tren.com.
Full textForner, Naama Silverman. "Para ver os gnomos - close reading no romance \'O beijo de Esaú\' por Meir Shalev." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8152/tde-04072012-151850/.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to suggest a detailed analysis of the novel Esav (Esau) by the Israeli author Meir Shalev. The novel was published in 1991, and is essentially, a type of saga, which conveys the story of four generations of Jewish family starting from the first days of Zionist settlements in the land of Israel. Meir Shalev, who started writing in the late eighties, belongs to the postmodernist generation, and his writing shows influences of the tendencies of his time. Even so, we can still detect in his work, clear modernist trends, which are being manifested in a search for meaning and in portraying the complexity of life. The methodology of the detailed analysis of the novel relies on several theoretical sources: the first is \'close reading, a term coined by Richards, one of the leaders of the new criticism school. The procedure of close reading focuses on the words on the page, in an attempt to discover and describe all the effects of their linguistic relations. Another methodological source is the famous essay of Roland Barthes and his assertion that the author is dead; the death of the author allows the birth of the reader, who can assume new authorities towards the text in front of him. Bakhtins Dialogism provides another important theoretical basis. According to this theory, any verbal utterance provokes intertextual relations with many other utterances. Since the novel Esav is rich with allusions and quotations from the Bible and Western literature, intertextuality is also an important interpretative tool. The analysis of the novel begins with an attempt to uncover the principles that organize its structure, which might appear to be a kind of collage or a quilt, made of different items that are attached together, without any distinct guideline. The novel presents a concept that historical events are actually repeating cycles. An attempt to understand the nature of time is another theme embedded in it. The novel also deals with human relationships and mans attitude to earth and nature, elements that receive a mythological design in the novel. These themes are also connected to the question of Zionist ideology and its impact on the social stratification of the early generations of pioneering settlement. More themes derive from the analysis of the role of the biblical infrastructure of the novel, especially the stories about the relationship and the fate of the twins Jacob and Esau. Other central themes, typical of Meir Shalevs poetics, are those of fulfillment and loss, and the relationship between fiction and reality. The last theme is established by a massive use of quotations and allusions to world-literature and by a narrative style of a troubadour. This style breaks the illusion of reality and thus, emphasizes the act of telling in itself.
Júnior, Belmiro Medeiros da Costa. "A relevância das línguas originais da bíblia na exegese e os problemas de tradução como principais motivadores para seu uso." Faculdades EST, 2013. http://tede.est.edu.br/tede/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=477.
Full textBased on translation problems, this paper proposes to demonstrate the relevance of using the original languages in exegesis. This paper is divided into three chapters. In the first chapter we sought to deal with the knowledge of the Hebrew language, presenting its history, characteristics and peculiarities. This first information will lead the reader to perceive the various differences which this language has with regard to the Western languages, thus leading the reader to understand a little of the work demanded to translate the Old Testament. Besides this, there is an explanation about exegesis and how the original languages are important in this process. The pastor or theologian who uses the original languages as instruments in his/her exegetical studies will have a deeper theological content, being less superficial in their sermons. These people will be able to step on surer ground with biblical languages. The second chapter presents a comprehension about translation and its difficulties. It also presents an explanation about the linguistic signals. For one cannot carry out a good translation without having this subject in mind. The linguistic signal will show us that the concepts which we have today about certain words are not the same which the original hearers of the sacred scriptures had more than two thousand years ago in the East. The same chapter intends to present and explain the four types of existing translations. The paper ends with the third chapter, which brings as case studies, nine biblical texts containing some translation problems, such as paronomasia, onomatopoeia, euphemism, meaning ambiguities, possible mistakes in the translation and words which have no satisfactory equivalents in Portuguese. This paper does not intend to show that those who know the original languages and use them will have all the answers in exegesis. The point here is to present to the academic community, exegetes, preachers, among others, some points which give the original languages a great importance in exegesis, inviting them to leave the surface of the sacred text and thus, begin to dig into them2, since the treasure, which can represent the real intention of the sacred writer, is not always on the surface, but within the text. The reader of this paper will have the perception that Hebrew is a fascinating, instigating and challenging language, because it brings other proposals of meaning and of intention of the text, deconstructing thoughts and even biblical doctrines. Faced with all the responsibility which the theologian, exegete, biblicist and pastor have with regard to the academic, ecclesiastical community and with all of society, to bring answers to the various issues referring to the Sacred Scriptures which arise every moment, there is no denying the importance of this work and its proposal.
Nogueira, Magali Gomes. "Suportes e técnicas do conhecimento: a importância da produção do papel na apresentação cartográfica do mundo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-07122009-152217/.
Full textThe historiography considers the XII to XV century a moment of transition in which a new order is established. There will begin a process of knowledge expansion about the Earth that will permit the man to prove its spherical form through the new navigation techniques, confirming the antiques theories about the shape of the world. This work develops a research in the way of identify the supports used for humans beings in this large process in which the man at the same time knows the other, the nature and himself, building a identity. We show the transmission of the necessary elements to navigation, like magnetic needle, astrolabes and quadrants. They came from Orient at the same time the production techniques of the true paper came. Those instruments and techniques, used already in China, got inside Europe through the Islamic expansions process. It also brought manuscripts of antique Greeks like Ptolomeu and Euclides, establishing a synthesis moment. This moment is expressed, between others manners, through the cartographic representations known like PORTULANOS, used in Sagres to ocean navigations. We seek to establish relationships between the scientific knowledge makers that made possible the navigations and the support makers of this knowledge, in this moment it was the paper, with the necessary productions characteristics to supply the needs of a world in expansion, favoring the globalization process.
Hubner, Manu Marcus. "Os 120 anos da vida do homem: uma análise contextual." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8158/tde-03122015-145235/.
Full textThrough the numbers, men are able to compare, sort, measure and quantify everything there is around them. Besides their use for mathematics, many numbers have symbolic meanings. In the Hebrew Bible, numbers are frequent, and have different functions and meanings. Some numbers are highlighted, such as the number one hundred and twenty, used to measure or counting of time, space (areas or territories), weight, people or animals. This number can be found in the Book of Genesis (6:3), as a measure of time, at the moment when a limit of one hundred and twenty years is decreed as the maximum life expectancy of man a punishment for man\'s transgressions comparable to the expulsion of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden (Gen. 3:23-24) or the confusion of speech during the episode of the Tower of Babel (Gen. 11:7). This decree is established on an interpolation of a seemingly mythological, laconic narrative in which beings known as the \"sons of God\" had relationships to the \"daughters of men\", giving rise to offspring known as \"giants\" or \"heroes\". The number one hundred and twenty is related to the period of one hundred and twenty years in which Noah built the ark to survive the flood (Gen. 6), to one hundred and twenty days in which Moses was on Mount Sinai in three forty-day periods each (Ex 24 :12 -18 , 32:15 , 30-31 , 34:4, 29), as well as the conventional period of three generations of forty years each, exemplified by the covenant of God with the people of Israel: \" ... keep all His rules and laws that I am prescribing to you you, your children and your childrens children\" (Deut. 6:2). Thus, although the number one hundred and twenty has a huge amount of dividers, its subdivision into three periods or generations of forty years each has a symbolism that instigates the investigation.
Neto, Jose Ribeiro. "A influência da tradição na tradução e interpretação de Isaías 52.13-53.12." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8158/tde-17102014-175158/.
Full textThis research analyzes the influence of tradition in the translation and interpretation of the pericope of Isaiah 52:13-53:12. Initially, this research discusses the theory of Eugene A. Nida, who has been the leading theory in discussions of Bible translation. Along with the analysis of the theory of Nida analyzed also the main discussions on translation of other academic aspects and their use by major religious traditions: Jewish, Catholic and Protestant. Through case studies of specific translation of these various religious currents analyzed the theological influences in the translation of texts such as Isaiah 14:12 in the Protestant tradition, Isaiah 9:5-6 in Jewish tradition. The study addressed the use of paraphrase as a means used by the religious traditions to defend their doctrines in sensitive texts of the Hebrew Bible, as well as the power of the interpretive tradition as interference in the production of translations aligned theological positions of the respective traditions. The research seeks to outline briefly the history of the principles of interpretation of the Christian tradition and rabbinic Judaism. The main versions produced by these interpretive traditions: LXX, Vulgate, Targum and Peshitta were exposed to products of these interpretive traditions and the pericope of Isaiah 52:13-53:12 those old versions and the New Testament, as well as products of the influence of different interpretive traditions of Christianity and rabbinic Judaism. Finally, the work seeks to show how the text of the pericope of Isaiah 52:13-53:12 was treated in the ancient sources of rabbinic Judaism and Christianity and the effects of these two interpretive traditions in modern versions of the Hebrew Bible. The line Jewish Hebrew Bible known as the Publisher and Bookstore Sefer and Protestant line called New Living Bible
Schvartzman, Gabriel Steinberg. "Abrindo A Caixa Preta: uma leitura da sociedade israelense na década de 70." Universidade de São Paulo, 2000. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8152/tde-17022012-155138/.
Full textThe israeli society has gone through some moves, specially on the seventies, that led to political and social changes. The author Amós Oz, a remarkable one in the country, has written in his fictional and non-fictional works about those innovations reflected in the country. This work intends to study the changes in the period above, as shown in the novel Kufsa Chhora (The Black Box) from Amós Oz. Therefore, these themes are here developed: The search for national identity, the confrontation between right and left in the israeli political system, the collecting of the simmilarities between the State, redefining its identity and the sionist movement, that is reshaping its objectives, once the State became a reality, the position of the israeli left wing and the conceptions of the pacifist group Shalom Achshav, the position of the israeli right wing and the militanty of the nacionalistic group Gush Emunim, the different immigratory waves to Israel before and after the proclamation of the State and the absorption of the different communities of immigrants, the beggining of ethnical conflicts among the several communities, which from the israeli social mosaic. We have, here, too, an analisis of the book Kufsa Chhora (The Black Box) showing how ethnical, religious and political conflicts reflect in Amós Ozs work, as well as an analisis of the characters and their behavior to show the liaison between fiction and reality in Israels routine.
Schlesinger, Juliana Portenoy. "Conflitos identitários do árabe israelense: Aravim Rokdim de Sayed Kashua." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8152/tde-22092011-164527/.
Full textThis work consists of an analysis of the novel Aravim Rokdim (Dancing Arabs) by Arab-Israeli Muslim writer Sayed Kashua, which focuses on the identity issues surrounding Arab-Israelis portrayed in the work. Published in 2002, the novel is written in Hebrew and recounts the history of an Arab-Israeli family. This study is based on the theories derived from the Cultural and Post-Colonial Studies, according to which human beings simultaneously experience multiple and antagonistic identities. This fact can be observed exponentially in this Arab citizen of Israel introduced by Kashua, as he lives with feelings of guilt due to his twin-loyalties and conflicting allegiances: if, on one side, he accepts his Israeli citizenship, on the other, he is not only a member of a people whose many nations oppose the existence of the State of Israel, but has relatives living in territories occupied by Israel in the Six-Day War (1967) who were denied the right to that citizenship. These complex and ambivalent feelings are intensified by the social-political context of the novel: the Second Intifada (2000-2006), a period in modern Israeli history when the distrust of Jews and the State of Israel regarding the allegiance of Arab-Israeli citizens to the State was exacerbated. These circumstances result in a unique political novel that uses humor and self-irony to tell the reader the story of an Arab-Israeli that lives trapped between two societies, that feels like a foreigner among his own people and that tirelessly seeks a new place to call his own.
Schvartzman, Gabriel Steinberg. ""A montanha azul de Meir Shalev: uma leitura pós-sionista da sociedade israelense"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8152/tde-01082006-101525/.
Full textThe 20th century represented for the Jews scattered around the world a double great change; on one hand, 6 millions of them were killed at the Shoah, the organized II WW massacre. During these same disturbed years, search for a territorial and for a national solution for the Jewish people reached its apex. Supported by ideals developed and stipulated by Zionism, the movement that intended to restore the Jewish people in the ancient biblical soil and transform it into a nation, after years and years of clashes, the State of Israel, Jews national home was created. History of this struggle and of the rendering of the dream was written by authors that relied on their own ideals and on those of the nation; they composed it from its heroic face, according to the national model that was presented to them. But in the 80s and 90s Israel witnessed a new cultural and political phenomenon: a historical revisionism. These trends historians (Avi Shlaim, Ilan Pappé, Simcha Flapan, Benny Morris, Tom Seguev) by denying official history which according to their conception is based in Zionist myths, promoted a rewriting of history, and this caused big debates in Israels society. This fact reflected in most sections of the country, particularly in literature, one of the focus of this thesis. The thesis deals with Meir Shalevs novel Roman Russi (Hebrew original, 1988, Montanha Azul, in the Portuguese version of 2002). In this novel, Israeli writer Meir Shalev (1948) recreates daily life of several pioneers families through three generations in Jezreel Valley, Galilee: the generation of founding fathers which arrived to Palestine at the beginning of the 20th century with 2nd aliyah, the generation of native yishuv born, hence those that helped to create the Jewish State and the generation born after the States birth. Blue Mountain signalizes that something went wrong, that the dream didnt come completely true, that such big effort fell partially to pieces. The book points to the fact that a people that renounces to its myths is responsible for its own decline. Shalevs book was received as an anti-Zionist novel, but as a matter of fact the author censures the new generations that neglected Zionist values. Notwithstanding, the author points to some hope when Uri, the rebel sabra, signals to a new direction in Zionism. This thesis proposes to point out how the complete turning of history can be suitably approached by means of fiction.
Silva, Candido Sousa da. "Erosão e/ou neutralização da flexão de gênero na língua hebraica israelense: relações morfossintáticas entre numerais cardinais e/ou pronomes com substantivos e configurações verbais do futuro em textos selecionados a partir do século XXI." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8158/tde-31032017-091112/.
Full textThis doctoral thesis is part of the debate on the issue of erosion and / or neutralization of gender brand of Israeli Hebrew Language in morphosyntactic relationship between cardinal numbers and / or pronouns with noun and verb of the future settings on selected texts from the XXI century. The work is based on the perception, derived from the specialized literature on the subject, that there is a trend of the lost gender brand in these morphosyntactic relationships established, beyond other nuances like erasing female gender in 2nd and 3rd plural people of the verbal system in the future tense. In terms of research strategies, the investigation is based on the study of the formation and consolidation of Israeli Identity and their equalizing implications the linguistic plan in the use of gender bending making them as empirical unit. Our objetive is to examine the functioning of this linguistic phenomenon, as it is expressed in writing and what its implications in speech. The working hypothesis for this research is that the erosion phenomenon and / or neutralization of the gender brand in Hebrew has caused profound changes in the structure of language that characterized the clear distinction between two genres, whether the names and numerals, or more the verbal system. In this presentment, I intent to validate or refute traditional concepts used in the study of Hebrew, based on the measurement of diglossic variation. Finally, we wish through the data in the selected works, present our ideas and to point possible motivations for an erosion trend and / or neutralization of the surveyed settings.
Faldini, Fabio. "Os primórdios da fonética e da fonologia na literatura hebraica medieval na Andaluzia em uma \"nova\" leitura da Messorá por Abū Zakariyaʾ Yaḥya Ibn Dāwūd Ḥayyūdj Alfesi." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8158/tde-11092013-103129/.
Full textAbū Zakariyaʾ Ibn Dāwūd Ḥayyūj was born in Fez, Morocco and lived in Cordova, Andalusia between 960 and 1010 A.D. He earned the title of \"the great grammarian\" for unveiling the mystery of the weak verbs. Until Ḥayyūj, difficult words were elucidated by comparative methods (Seʿadia Gaʾon and Yehuda ben Quraish); or were associated to roots, nowadays recognized as triliteral, reduced to two or even one letter (Menaḥem, Dunash and David Alfesi). Prima facie, Ḥayyūj\'s theories emerged from grammar studies that started as a Masorah\'s continuum. However, the present work we show the link between Ḥayyūj and the Masorah, something that was not well explained in in the academic papers checked by the author. For this reason, we expect to fill the gap left in the literature analyzing Ḥayyūj theories vis-à-vis their historical, grammatical and Masoretic contexts. Therefore, we see the way Ḥayyūj revolutionized the grammar at all the levels studied at that time. The present work, discusses how the Biblical Text was transmitted by two parallel channels (written and oral) and by different traditions (Jewish-Babylonian, Tiberian, Andalusian and Israeli). We show how the Masoretic Text is composed by three layers: Consonantal Text, Masoretic signs and Masoretic annotations. We show a triangular model in which Masoretic annotations (qere-ketiv) are at the top in order to harmonize the Consonantal Text and the Masoretic signs. We diachronically analyze, according to the Orthographic Depth Hypothesis – a generative phonology\'s branch – the depth of the script of the Masoretic Text, covering the points of view of both the Tiberian (producer) and the Andalusian schools (consumer). We discuss the affinity between the Masorah, the previous grammar theories and Ḥayyūj theories. We show that Ḥayyūj was the first grammarian that clarified the Masorah, out of the Masoretic circles, who explained the qere-ketiv written in the Masoretic codice\'s margins. We discuss how Ḥayyūj solved contradictions between the Masoretic vowels, the Text Consonantal vowels and the qere-ketiv. More specifically, we discuss how Ḥayyūj\'s theories permeated into orthographic, phonetic, phonological, melismatic and morphological grammar levels. Ḥayyūj showed that in orthographic level, the full and defective forms were equivalent; in the phonetic level, qamats and pataḥ, tseire and segol, and ḥolam and ḥataf-qamats were pairs of equal phones; in the phonological level, qamats differently from pataḥ, tseire differently from segol, and ḥolam differently from ḥataf-qamats were followed by a kind of amorphous archiphoneme inspired in the Masorah and in the Arabic long letters: the sākin layyin; on the melismatic level, the Masoretic vowels had priority over the melismatic signs. In the morphological level, the Hebrew language could be considered within the structural model of Semitic languages. In other words, we show that, based on the sākin layyin, Ḥayyūj abandoned the mental model deep-rooted in his predecessors to develop consistent theories that solved the weak verbs problem and, at the same time, showed the harmony between the Masoretic Text and the Andalusian oral tradition.
Da, Cunha Evandro Luiz. "Estudio comparativo de los términos חָד אֶ(ʾěḥāḏ) y יָחִיד (yāḥîḏ) en la biblia hebrea." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/403949.
Full textThese thesis is the result of a comparative study of two Biblical Hebrew terms: echad (one) and yachid (unique). The objective has been to show how these terms are related in the etymon-semantic aspect to the point of being used, in some occasions, almost as synonyms, whereas in other cases the ideology of the readers and interpreters have done a biased interpretation of these terms. The intention of this research, then, is to provide the students of monotheism within the Jewish and Christian traditions, as well as the researchers in general, with some philological-linguistic tools to a better understanding of the Hebrew biblical text.
Questa tesi è il risultato di uno studio comparatistico di due termini ebraici della Bibbia: ehad (uno) e yahid (unico). L’obiettivo consiste nel dimostrare come questi due vocaboli sono collegati fra loro nell’aspetto etimo-semantico fino al punto di poter essere usati, in certi casi, praticamente come sinonimi, mentre in altri casi l’ideologia dei lettori e degli esegeti ne ha causato un’interpretazione interessata. L’intenzione di questa ricerca, dunque, è di fornire strumenti filologico-linguistici agli studenti del monoteismo sia nella tradizione ebraica, che in quella cristiana e agli studiosi, in generale, per una migliore comprensione del testo biblico ebraico.