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Academic literature on the topic 'Hebrew language terms ruah'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Hebrew language terms ruah"

1

Berdichevsky, Dina. "The Long Endless Railroads, the Blowing of Winds, and the Invention of the Hebrew Mood." Comparative Literature 73, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00104124-8738862.

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AbstractThis article explores the moment of “invention” of the Hebrew mood. Around the year 1900 a new expression for mood appeared in Hebrew: matsav ruah. The articulation of a new linguistic expression was paralleled by the rise of an original atmospheric prose, mood prose, in Hebrew. By analyzing these parallel events, the article suggests that the matsav ruah of the early 1900s was a new form of self-experience and that this new form stimulated original poetic language created by a cohort of Hebrew, East European writers, including Yosef Hayim Brenner, Uri Nissan Gnessin, and others. The author suggests that, with mood, Hebrew prose figuratively stretched language itself, giving form to a new sense of “being there.” Furthermore, this poetics of mood offered authors an alternative to psychological realist prose and to the fixed subject position it implied. Thus, this article suggests that Hebrew phrasing and poetics of mood offer a potent concept for the analysis of epistemological foundations of early twentieth-century modernism in Hebrew literature while drawing an outline for a wider, comparative view on early twentieth-century European modernism in light of the concept of mood.

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Bitton, Yonatan, Raphael Cohen, Tamar Schifter, Eitan Bachmat, Michael Elhadad, and Noémie Elhadad. "Cross-lingual Unified Medical Language System entity linking in online health communities." Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 27, no. 10 (September 10, 2020): 1585–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocaa150.

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Abstract Objective In Hebrew online health communities, participants commonly write medical terms that appear as transliterated forms of a source term in English. Such transliterations introduce high variability in text and challenge text-analytics methods. To reduce their variability, medical terms must be normalized, such as linking them to Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) concepts. We present a method to identify both transliterated and translated Hebrew medical terms and link them with UMLS entities. Materials and Methods We investigate the effect of linking terms in Camoni, a popular Israeli online health community in Hebrew. Our method, MDTEL (Medical Deep Transliteration Entity Linking), includes (1) an attention-based recurrent neural network encoder-decoder to transliterate words and mapping UMLS from English to Hebrew, (2) an unsupervised method for creating a transliteration dataset in any language without manually labeled data, and (3) an efficient way to identify and link medical entities in the Hebrew corpus to UMLS concepts, by producing a high-recall list of candidate medical terms in the corpus, and then filtering the candidates to relevant medical terms. Results We carry out experiments on 3 disease-specific communities: diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and depression. MDTEL tagging and normalizing on Camoni posts achieved 99% accuracy, 92% recall, and 87% precision. When tagging and normalizing terms in queries from the Camoni search logs, UMLS-normalized queries improved search results in 46% of the cases. Conclusions Cross-lingual UMLS entity linking from Hebrew is possible and improves search performance across communities. Annotated datasets, annotation guidelines, and code are made available online (https://github.com/yonatanbitton/mdtel).

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Bohadana, Abraham, Hava Azulai, Amir Jarjoui, George Kalak, Ariel Rokach, and Gabriel Izbicki. "Influence of language skills on the choice of terms used to describe lung sounds in a language other than English: a cross-sectional survey of staff physicians, residents and medical students." BMJ Open 11, no. 3 (March 2021): e044240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044240.

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IntroductionThe value of chest auscultation would be enhanced by the use of a standardised terminology. To that end, the recommended English terminology must be transferred to a language other than English (LOTE) without distortion.ObjectiveTo examine the transfer to Hebrew—taken as a model of LOTE—of the recommended terminology in English.Design/settingCross-sectional study; university-based hospital.Participants143 caregivers, including 31 staff physicians, 65 residents and 47 medical students.MethodsObservers provided uninstructed descriptions in Hebrew and English of audio recordings of five common sounds, namely, normal breath sound (NBS), wheezes, crackles, stridor and pleural friction rub (PFR).Outcomes(a) Rates of correct/incorrect classification; (b) correspondence between Hebrew and recommended English terms; c) language and auscultation skills, assessed by crossing the responses in the two languages with each other and with the classification of the audio recordings validated by computer analysis.ResultsRange (%) of correct rating was as follows: NBS=11.3–20, wheezes=79.7–87.2, crackles=58.6–69.8, stridor=67.4–96.3 and PFR=2.7–28.6. Of 60 Hebrew terms, 11 were correct, and 5 matched the recommended English terms. Many Hebrew terms were adaptations or transliterations of inadequate English terms. Of 687 evaluations, good dual-language and single-language skills were found in 586 (85.3%) and 41 (6%), respectively. However, in 325 (47.3%) evaluations, good language skills were associated with poor auscultation skills.ConclusionPoor auscultation skills surpassed poor language skills as a factor hampering the transfer to Hebrew (LOTE) of the recommended English terminology. Improved education in auscultation emerged as the main factor to promote the use of standardised lung sound terminology. Using our data, a strategy was devised to encourage the use of standardised terminology in non-native English-speaking countries.

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Levene, D. "Word-Smithing: Some Metallurgical Terms in Hebrew and Aramaic." Aramaic Studies 2, no. 2 (July 1, 2004): 193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147783510400200203.

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Levene, Dan, and Beno Rothenberg. "Word-Smithing: Some Metallurgical Terms in Hebrew and Aramaic." Aramaic Studies 2, no. 2 (2004): 193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/000000004781540353.

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Abstract The collaboration between Dr Dan Levene and Prof. Beno Rothenberg on a project that aims to identify references to metals and metalworking techniques in what are primarily Judaic sources has been a bringing together of two different approaches to studying the past: philology and archaeometallurgy. This paper highlights the way in which the lexicography of certain terms must inevitably rely on knowledge of the relevant technology and its history. To illustrate this point two terms are examined: 1. the word srp and the shifting meanings of some of its cognates across time; and 2. the word 'nk, that appears in Amos 7.7-8.

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Sutherland-Smith, Wendy. "Spoken Narrative and Preferred Clause Structure." Studies in Language 20, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 163–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.20.1.07sut.

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This study examines the spontaneous oral narrative of three native speakers of Hebrew for overall clause structure in terms of number and type of arguments per clause, following DuBois' (1985) theory of Preferred Argument Structure. The results indicate that there exists a preferred shape for narrative clauses in Hebrew and that it strongly parallels that which has been found in the ergative Mayan language, Sacapultec, upon which Du Bois' study is based. As Hebrew is a nominative-accusative language, the results point to the universality of pragmatic-cognitive factors and information flow in discourse.

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Glazer, Steven A. "Language of Propaganda: The Histadrut, Hebrew Labor, and the Palestinian Worker." Journal of Palestine Studies 36, no. 2 (January 1, 2007): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jps.2007.36.2.25.

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This article examines the terminology used in the Hebrew Labor picketing campaign of the 1920s and 1930s. It considers the framework within which the Histadrut conceived its efforts——using metaphors of war, religion, morality, and medicine and illness——and surveys the terms used to describe the Palestinian worker. Finally, the language of Hebrew Labor opponents——grove owners and parties to the left of the mainstream Labor Zionists——is examined in the context of rebuttals to Histadrut claims and charges.

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Irmay, Ron. "Technological and Scientific Hebrew Terminology." Terminologie hébraïque 43, no. 1 (October 2, 2002): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/003227ar.

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Abstract The author describes the procedures and mechanisms used by Israel's Central Committee for Technological Terminology (CCTT), a branch of the Academy of the Hebrew Language at Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, in the development and maintenance of standard Hebrew terminology in science and technology. Lexicographic and sociolinguistic processes involved in the formation of new scientific terms in Hebrew, such as the effect of synonyms, transliteration, international terms and linguistic structure, fuzzy usage, pressure of countries of origin, etc., are referred to along with a broad survey of the Central Committee's printed and computerized output over the years. In order to provide an updated terminological service that is easily accessible to the public, CCTT's Office at Technion is developing a computerized dictionary database for local and net-based multiuser environments.

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Mizrachi, Avi. "A note on Modern Hebrew voicing assimilation." Brill’s Journal of Afroasiatic Languages and Linguistics 11, no. 1 (June 12, 2019): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18776930-01101004.

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Abstract In Hebrew, consecutive obstruents that differ in voicing can be produced with the same voicing. This process is regressive as the first obstruent assimilates to the obstruent following it. It is also an optional process as it is dependent on the rate of speech and the formality of the utterance (Bolozky 1978, 1997). Using elicited data, an acoustic study on intervocalic obstruent sequences in Hebrew (Mizrachi 2016) has recently shown that assimilation-to-voiceless is more frequent than assimilation-to-voiced. Moreover, not only does devoicing assimilation occur more often, but it also occurs progressively—at least in terms of vocal fold vibration—in more cases than suggested in previous work.

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HACOHEN, AVIYA, and JEANNETTE SCHAEFFER. "Subject realization in early Hebrew/English bilingual acquisition: The role of crosslinguistic influence." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 10, no. 3 (October 25, 2007): 333–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728907003100.

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This study reports on the use of (c)overt subjects and subject–verb agreement in Hebrew in the spontaneous speech of a child, EK, acquiring Hebrew and English simultaneously from birth and of five slightly younger Hebrew monolingual controls. Analysis shows that EK's production of pragmatically inappropriate overt subjects is more than three times that of the controls, while she resembles the controls in terms of subject–verb agreement, a purely syntactic phenomenon. These results strongly suggest that influence from English is restricted to phenomena that involve the syntax/pragmatics interface, supporting Hulk and Müller's (2000) hypothesis that crosslinguistic influence in early bilingual acquisition is a predictable and systematic phenomenon.

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Books on the topic "Hebrew language terms ruah"

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Dreytza, Manfred. Der theologische Gebrauch von RUAH im Alten Testament: Eine wort- und satzsemantische Studie. Giessen: Brunnen, 1990.

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Der theologische Gebrauch von RUAH im Alten Testament: Eine wort- und satzsemantische Studie. Giessen: Brunnen, 1990.

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3

Avneyon, Eitan. Dictionary of economics, business and administration terms. Tel-Aviv: Etav, 1992.

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4

Eisenberg, Ronald L. Dictionary of Jewish terms: A guide to the language of Judaism. Rockville, MD: Schreiber Pub., 2008.

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5

Samet, Gideon. Reshimat ha-6,000: Hatsaʻah le-mivḥar shel ha-muśagim, ha-munaḥim, ha-pitgamim, ha-taʼarikhim, ha-sefarim, yetsirot ha-omanut, ha-ishim, ha-biṭuyim she-kedai le-Yiśreʼelim la-daʻat. Tel-Aviv: ʻEdanim, 1990.

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6

ʻEzri, Son, ed. Nivon ʻIvri shimushi. 2nd ed. Ḥefah: Dimyon, 1998.

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7

Glinert, Lewis. The joys of Hebrew. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.

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Glinert, Lewis. The joys of Hebrew. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.

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9

Zubi!: The real Hebrew you were never taught in school. New York: Plume, 2011.

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10

Dudi, Shamai, ed. Sefer ha-nivim ha-gadol. [Tel Aviv?]: Sefarim zeh anaḥnu be-shituf ʻim Dafṭal, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hebrew language terms ruah"

1

Yadin, Azzan, and Ghil’ad Zuckermann. "Blorít — Pagans’ Mohawk or Sabras’ Forelock? Ideological Secularization of Hebrew Terms in Socialist Zionist Israeli." In The Sociology of Language and Religion, 84–125. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230304710_6.

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Nissan, Ephraim, and Ghil‘ad Zuckermann. "One Zoonym, Two Parents: Mendele’s Phono-Semantic Matching of Animal Terms, and Later Developments of Lexical Confluence in Modern Hebrew Zoonymy." In Language, Culture, Computation. Computational Linguistics and Linguistics, 537–61. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45327-4_14.

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Reynolds, Benjamin E. "Interpreting the “Apocalyptic” Gospel with Jewish Apocalypses." In John among the Apocalypses, 144–66. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198784241.003.0007.

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If the Gospel of John is an “apocalyptic” Gospel, the relationship between revelation and the Torah in Jewish apocalypses can aid our understanding of the Law of Moses in the Fourth Gospel. While Jewish apocalypses have distinct perspectives on the Torah, they are dependent upon the Hebrew Bible and were read alongside the Hebrew Bible. The revelation that is disclosed in Jewish apocalypses, whether “new” or not, ultimately derives from the God of Israel. Jewish apocalypses engaged in “revelatory exegesis” in which they sought to understand Israel’s Scriptures in light of their present circumstances. The Gospel of John interprets the Hebrew Bible in light of Jesus’s revelation in a similar manner. John claims the authority of Moses and other heroes of Israel in order to legitimate the revelation Jesus discloses. Further Johannine topics, such as imagery, time, and language, may also be explained in terms of the Gospel’s apocalyptic mode.

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Williams, David-Antoine. "Geoffrey Hill’s Etymological Crux." In The Life of Words, 150–206. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812470.003.0005.

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This chapter is an investigation into Geoffrey Hill’s philosophy of language, which is at its heart philological and etymological, and which engages questions of theology, metaphysics, ontology, ethics, and poetics. It is a philosophy that is perpetually led back to states of self-opposition and contradiction, latterly described as ‘agon’, and ‘gnostic poiesis’. Etymologically this is manifested in the terms which receive extensive poetic and critical attention in Hill—terms which lie on an ‘active–passive divide’—as well as in the method of interrogation, which is self-oppositionally both a ‘tearing up by the roots’ and a ‘rediscovering’ and careful ‘nurturing’ of them. Hill’s various paradigms for language and for poetry are examined, centring on Hebrew language, the fable of the Fall of Man, Original Sin and its early modern metaphysical extensions, and gnosticism, as well as his sources in Milton and Coleridge.

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Wodziński, Marcin. "Characteristics of the Haskalah in the Kingdom of Poland, 1815–1860." In Haskalah and Hasidism in the Kingdom of Poland, translated by Sarah Cozens and Agnieszka Mirowska, 34–71. Liverpool University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781904113089.003.0003.

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This chapter examines the characteristics of the Haskalah in the Kingdom of Poland. In many ways, the Haskalah in the Kingdom of Poland was a movement similar to others in eastern Europe, but it also retained many unique features. In terms of its similarities, the programme of the Polish maskilim was fundamentally in sympathy with the ideological foundations of the entire east European Haskalah. Educational plans and the struggle with Jewish separatism occupied a particularly important place, but so too did the maintenance of Jewish identity through the cultivation of the Hebrew language, Jewish literature, and historical awareness. Meanwhile, differences in the programme were attributable to the Kingdom's specific legal, social, cultural, and even economic context. The opportunity to participate in the government project for Jewish reform and the genuine influence which many maskilim brought to bear on these projects meant that Jewish supporters of modernization in the Kingdom were particularly interested in the socio-political aspect of Haskalah ideology and in putting it into action. As a result, they paid considerable attention to the productivity programme and to changes in the socio-occupational structure of the Jewish population in Poland, while neglecting areas of theory or religion. Another distinguishing characteristic of the Polish Haskalah was the predominance of literature in the Polish language.

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"monarch’s power, delegated to the Lord Chancellor, gave rise to a stream of English law known as equity, that area of law which rectifies the cruelties and injustices of the common law. An area of law where would-be litigants must prove their moral worth prior to the hearing of the case. It can be seen that it is the body of the sovereign that tacitly unites religion, law and politics. It is, of course, the Government that has acquired these powers in reality; the monarch is merely the symbol of their existence. English monarchs still retain, by law, the power to heal. The English system of secular justice, in terms of personnel, processes and rules, is steeped in the Judaeo-Christian justice as interpreted and mediated through English translations of the Greek translations of the Hebrew and Aramaic of the Bible. A Greek language whose vocabulary is shot through with the philosophy of dualism— light/dark, good/bad, good/evil, male/female, slave/free, gods/humans—a dualism not that apparent in Hebrew and Aramaic. This dualism has entered the law through language. So language is powerful, it enables the manifestation of the past in the present and the projection of the future into the present. Language, thus, facilitates easy discussion of complexities like time. Lawyers too, in a similar manner, have tried to prove that the integrity of the judge and/or legislator is carried in the words. A key problem in relation to the integrity of law is the maintenance of certainty despite the variability of language. Some legal doctrines relating to the interpretation of law deny that language has a flexibility, fearing that this would be a sign of its weakness and lack of certainty; others acknowledge the flexibility of language and look to the legislators intention. This, too, is a search for the mythical as legislation is changed for a variety of reasons during its drafting and creation stages. If language is seen to be too flexible, the law begins to look less certain. The root problem here is the language, not the law, yet the two are intimately connected, for the law is carried by the language; so is it not true that the law is the language? The following illustration of linguistic difficulties that concern translation, interpretation and application initially draws quite deliberately from religion to attempt to break preconceptions about language, and to illustrate the problems arising from the necessarily close relationship between language and law. There will be a return to law shortly. The Christian religion, rather than any other religion, is being considered because it is the religion that remains today at the core of English law. This is one reason why English law can have, and has had, difficulty with concepts from differing religious traditions that have presented themselves before the courts demanding acceptance and equality. Whilst English law states that it maintains neutrality in matters of religion and yet fails to resolve major tensions within it in relation to Christianity, discrimination remains at the heart of English law. The law’s understanding of Christianity has come from the collected texts that make up the Bible: texts that different Christian groups in England, Scotland and Wales went to war over in the 16th and 17th centuries. The wars were initiated and supported by differing political factions established after Henry VIII made his break with the authority, but not the theology, of Rome in the early 16th century. Henry VIII took for." In Legal Method and Reasoning, 27. Routledge-Cavendish, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843145103-14.

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