Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Heidegger, Martin (1889-1976) – Métaphysique'
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Roy-Ema, Pascal Dieudonné. "Déréliction et facticité chez Martin Heidegger." Poitiers, 2009. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2009/Roy-Ema-Pascal-Dieudonne/2009-Roy-Ema-Pascal-Dieudonne-These.pdf.
Full textOur work of study and research concerns Heidegger's metaphysical thought, and is part of the history of modern philosophy. The first aim of our task is to put under scrutiny the analytics of situational dereliction and factitiousness of Dasein in order to put into the relief their meaning and contents in Heidegger's works. If philosophy is the continuous quest for the meaning of being, one cannot philosophize outside human situations; daily life. On the contrary, one should plunge into it so as to understand, for instance, that man has been thrown into the world without choosing it (factitiousness), where he is abandoned, isolated and deprived of any help (dereliction). Beyond that, we intend to show the topicality of Heidegger's reflection. Indeed Heidegger opened several paths still used by humanity in different ways. From "everyday responsibility", to the use of "one" and to the decline of earth and life (ecology) because of technical sciences misuse, Heidegger appears amid our contemporary concerns and more mundane worries, through the deciphering of the "question of being"…
Ampleman-Tremblay, Tristan, and Tristan Ampleman-Tremblay. "Heidegger et la Technique à l'époque de la métaphysique réalisée." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37892.
Full textS’inscrivant dans l’horizon de la phénoménologie développée par le penseur allemand Martin HEIDEGGER (1889-1976), le présent mémoire vise à offrir un diagnostic philosophique et phénoménologique portant sur l’époque qui nous est contemporaine. Soixante-six ans après la parution du texte allemand de la conférence « La question de la technique » (Die Frage nach der Technik, 1953) et compte tenu de la technicisation et de la dévastation progressive du monde habité par l’homme qui sont caractéristiques de notre époque, il apparaît nécessaire de repenser à nouveaux frais cette « question de la technique » à partir du corpus heideggérien ainsi que des divers commentaires s’y étant depuis ajoutés. Identifiant avec Heidegger la « technique moderne » comme le trait fondamental de notre époque, cette recherche vise à réinterpréter le concept de « technique », en le délestant des interprétations successives de la tradition philosophique qui en ont fait un ensemble de moyens en vue de fins. Ce faisant, le concept de technique se voit déployé dans toute son historialité et par-delà sa détermination métaphysique comme dévoilement de l’étant, c’est-à-dire comme mode de la vérité, comprise par Heidegger comme hors-retrait (Unverborgenheit, ἀλήθεια). Par ce dévoilement, l’étant apparaît sous une certaine lumière déterminant avec précision la teneur phénoménologique de l’étant à dévoiler. Suivant toujours Heidegger, nous explorons ensuite le terme de Dispositif (Gestell) qui nomme l’infrastructure métaphysique régissant le mode d’apparaître de tout phénomène à l’époque de la technique. Notre travail tente du même souffle de montrer comment l’histoire de la métaphysique occidentale, comprise comme histoire de l’être et de son oubli successif, mène à son propre achèvement dans l’avènement moderne de cette époque. Au terme de notre recherche, il apparaît que la technique moderne, en tant que trait fondamental de notre époque, détermine l’apparaître même de l’étant, c’est-à-dire le type d’étant auquel les sujets qui nous sont contemporains auront accès ; notre phénoménalité se faisant dès lors intégralement technicienne. Le présent mémoire montre en ce sens en quoi notre époque est à la fois celle de la domination de la technique, sous la figure paradigmatique du Dispositif (Gestell) planétarisé, et celle de l’accomplissement de la métaphysique occidentale, née en Grèce il y a plus de deux millénaires. En guise d’ouverture conclusive, le présent travail aborde finalement le « Danger » (die Gefahr) ainsi que la possibilité corollaire d’un « Sauver » (Retten) qui gisent selon Heidegger au sein du Dispositif.
Benkrid, Djamel. "Nietzsche et Heidegger : la question de la fin de la métaphysique." Paris 8, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA082844.
Full textNietzsche and Heidegger diagnoses both the global nihilism. The problem consists in annulling the nihilism, at the time of the end of the metaphysics. Heidegger estimates himself how it is necessary "to understand (include) the philosophy of Nietzsche and to bound its place in the History of the metaphysics". It is advisable to scrutinize attentively how Martin Heidegger processes the comparative party of our thesis in his "Lessons from 1936 untill 1939" dedicated to Nietzsche, to the University of Fribourg - in- Briscau. The metaphysics of Nietzsche and at the same moment the foundation of the Essence of the "classic nihilism" can henceforth bound more clearly as metaphysics of absolute subjectivity of the Will for power For Nietzsche, the subjectivity is absolved as subjectivity of the body, that is the impulses and the affects, that is the Will for power. According to the word of Nietzsche : homo is brutum bestial, the "fair animal in the red cheeks", is not a fortuitous exaggeration, but the word which characterizes a chain (sequence of movements) in which Nietzsche was deliberately situated without discerning for all that its reports (connections) of historiale Essence. . . The end of the metaphysics of which it is a question of thinking here is the beginning of Its "resurrection" in derived forms : these do not any more let, in the history (story) itself and past, than the fundamental metaphysical positions, as for example, the economic role supply the building materials with which, transformed in a corresponding way, the world of the "knowledge" will be built for nine. But what is it necessary to hear (understand) then by "the end of the metaphysics?" Heidegger tempts as well the same overtaking as Nietzsche began, and approach new one philosophic paradigm. His originality is to make of the philosophy a new way of thinking. He fed uncountable comments, and aroused many questions and questioning in the way of rethinking the philosophy. Our task will be to drill the mysteries and the enigmate of Nietzsche and Heidegger in the prospect (perspective) to restore a new reading of both thinkers while trying to make a synthesis. This to clarify and draw one of the demarcation lines which would be the nucleus of an approach of "the blazing spirit" Geist of the philosophy, and to begin an adequate analysis of their philosophic routes (courses). But in what horizon would be registered our mission towards these two thinkers who aroused so much jealousy and hatred?
O'Connell, Anne-Marie. "Le langage de l'Etre chez Martin Heidegger." Toulouse 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU20089.
Full textStarting from Johannes Lohmann’s article called 'Heideggers ontologische Differenz und die Sprache’ highlighting the fundamental role of the ontological difference and its possible variations at work in natural languages, the present study will first show how those findings can relate to Martin Heidegger’s theory in the elaboration of the emergence of a world, to which language is immanent because it is the site and the source of thought. The second part deals with the way Heidegger devises the relationship between western metaphysics and Greek Presocratic thinking as determined by the emergence and circulation of what being and entity, as presence, point to, in terms of historicality and destination. The resulting translation finds its epitome in the confrontation of western languages with Japanese, as shown in A Dialogue On Language. This can be seen as a new foundation of what linguists call 'speech situation’. The latter, when seen as a dialogue between what causes language to be and those who receive it, is the subject of the third part. The aim is to trace the relationship of thinking and poetry back to its ontological grounding, so as to move beyond metaphysics and bring down logics as an obstacle to the free circulation of language and speech as the original sense of Being
Millischer, Laurent. "Heidegger et la systémique : vers le lieu de pensée." Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1PH03.
Full textOf our times, Heidegger gives a quite decisive double diagnosis: times of the accomplishment of the end of philosophy on the one hand, and of the domination of cybernetics over the whole of the consideration of beings on the other hand, thus becoming the real metaphysics of these times. These interpretations point towards this other event, which is capital for understanding them, this event being the emergence and spreading out of systemics which found and unify the multiple of modern science into one general theory of the System as such. This work is an attempt at rereading Heidegger's work in the light of this event, the only one able to give its full meaning to the radicalism of his interpretations and especially to their necessary joint. The times of "achieved technology" are thus essentially and completely determined by the unfolding of the systemic triad, Energy-Command-Connexion, taking the place of the onto-theo-logical constitution of metaphysics. A substitution in the shape of a pretence of completion, from which thought is therefore excluded for the benefit of pure Production. Such a shifting makes us question anew the texture of the place of thought, which has been left after by this substitution. This topos, dual in essence, can be perceived like the articulation of a Trinitarian frame, taking its source in Heidegger's Fourfold and a tripartition of the Tension (Austrag) which is underlying it, according to the three themes of Enowning (Ereignis), Togetherness (Zusammengehörigkeit) and Correspondence (Entsprechung)
Mombo, Alain Michel. "Critique de la métaphysique de la subjectivité et concept originaire de l'homme dans la pensée de Heidegger." Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT5032.
Full textRoesner, Martina. "La notion de jeu dans l'économie de la pensée de Martin Heidegger." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040092.
Full textThe present thesis attempts to examine both use and significance of the notion of play in Heidegger's criticism of rationality with regard to the "overcoming of metaphysics". Our claim is that it is possible to interpret the whole of Heidegger's thought from the viewpoint of play provided this notion is not considered a simple lexical element but a multidimensional structure that makes the different main topics of heideggerian philosophy appear in their conceptual unity. While the young Heidegger still has a tendency to oppose traditional metaphysics to his own phenomenology based on play, the mature Heidegger eventually comes to consider metaphysics itself a phenomenon within the play of the history of being. During the last period of his development, however, this fusion of worldly phenomena and the history of thought within the same free space is again broken up by assigning them to two different forms of play, i. E. The play of the fourfold and the musical play respectively
Warkocki, Wawrzyn. "Métaphysique et facticité : penser la présence à partir de Martin Heidegger." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU20003.
Full textThe focus of the present study is to investigate Heidegger's concept of facticity in the context of what he calls the destruction of the history of ontology, followed by, the overcoming of metaphysics. On the one hand, my task is to elucidate Heidegger's thought in its historical development, from a precise perspective, that of the concept of facticity. On the other hand, I aim to develop a concept of radicalized facticity. In Heidegger's thinking, facticity has been conceived since the early 1920s under the name of "facticial life" and can be understood in Being and Time as a "thrown project" of human existence (Dasein). In this time, an appropriate grasping of facticity would require a "destruction of the history of ontology." Ever since the so-called "turn" in the 1930s, the event thinking (Ereignisdenken) requires an "overcoming of metaphysics" or an "appropriation of metaphysics". My general guiding question is the following: if facticity in the early Heidegger is a condition of the possibility of the destruction of ontology, what would be analogically a condition of possibility of an overcoming (or appropriation) of metaphysics? It is generally accepted that facticity is the starting point of Heidegger's philosophy, but it disappears over time. One of the hypothesis of this work asserts that the concept of facticity, mutatis mutandis, is radicalized under the name of the event of appropriation (Ereignis). The "there" (Da) of Heidegger's concept of being-there (Dasein) is to be understood as facticity of existence. Therefore, my entire doctoral work handles, to a certain extent, the philosophical explanation of this "there", in a critical examination of metaphysics, whose only subject, according to Heidegger, is being (Sein)
Moyse, Danielle. "La question de l'éthique chez Martin Heidegger, ou éthique et finitude." Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA040041.
Full textWhile Heidegger did not of course formulate any kind of normative ethics, he did however, fundamentally transform ethical premises: the very fact that he conceived of man as being-in-the-world, should keep us from interpreting "autonomy" as detachment from the world around us (which was in fact Kant’s position) or spirituality in terms of any kind of intelligible reality. On the other hand, having made a radical break with solipsism, Heidegger seems to have arrived at one of the finest philosophical reflections on the notions of receptivity and kindness, at a time when modern western philosophers were only centering on the subject and the subject's will to power. As a mortal being abandoned in this world, the dasein achieves the capability of letting-be
Sandoval, Villarroel Pablo. "L'instauration platonicienne de la philosophie comme métaphysique." Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040018.
Full textThis research attempts to display and deepen into the matter of the platonic philosophy as metaphysics, from a phenomenological point of view, as far as it becomes necessary for us to enlighten what remains non-said, that is, what remains veiled and hidden in the philosophy of Plato: the dimension of the fundamental determinations of the being. Following the narration thread of the question on philosophy, the research gets articulated in two main parts: the first part aims the platonic determination of philosophy as eros, the «transport» towards the being of what-is (Symposium, Phaedrus), and the second part aims the platonic determination of philosophy as lysis, the « liberation » for the being of what-is (Phaedo, The republic). At the end, the research leads to the question of the two-fold determination of the being underlying to the platonic experience of philosophy: the being in the horizon of the manifest-ness (alêtheia, to kalon) and the being in the horizon of the stability (aei on, to agathon). The platonic foundation of philosophy as metaphysics is therefore announced as the secret and silent event of the retreat of the alêtheia in favour of the aei on
Jullien, Philippe. "Je suis déjà là : structure de la relation entre Dasein et Être chez Heidegger." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040029.
Full textAs Heidegger's remarks about the relationship between Dasein and Being are scattered in a variety of texts, and as they are never thematically dealt with, the reconstructing of this relationship, made from a selection of texts covering a period long enough to be significant, is the purpose of this study : first Being and Time, as a recapitulation of an earlier thinking ; then the 1927-1932 period, where Heidegger goes beyond Being and Time towards a metaphysic of the Dasein ; then his political commitment, interpreted as a step rather than an interlude ; and finally the years immediatly after the political commitment, when the posterity of the thinking of Being beginns. This way a structure of the relationship between Dasein and Being appears, that the comparison of the texts allows to reconstruct. The thinking of this relationship proves to be well unified before 1933, then commited in a problematical context where it does not totally disappear for all that, lastly altered from 1934, the point being now that the immediate relation to Being is no longer anymore attributed to the Dasein but to poetry, the Dasein being " brought down " below this position. The structure of the relationship is not changed, unlike the estimation of the modes of its bringing into play. What is emphasized is now the habitation of the earth, in accordance with the fundamental tonality of the poetry
Shimabukuro, Felipe. "Heidegger et la déconstruction de la métaphysique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H229/document.
Full textThe aim of this work is to propose an interpretation of Heidegger’s concept of deconstruction. Our interpretation is based on three thesis: 1) the deconstruction is one of the three elements of Heidegger’s phenomenological method with the reduction and the construction, these three elements being indissociable from each other. 2) These three elements allow us to understand the most general strategy of Heidegger’s thought constitution. 3) The deconstruction of metaphysics is the heideggerian version of the critique of reason. In the first part, the reduction is defined as an operation of questioning the naturalized presuppositions of thought, the metaphysical concept of being is the naturalized presupposition which is the object of Heidegger’s reduction. In the second part, the construction is defined as a genealogy of the naturalized presuppositions of the whole history of metaphysics. The construction allows us to identify two definitions of metaphysics in Heidegger’s thought: 1) as an hegemonic and normative understanding of the basic concepts of the West: being, truth, thought, language and man. 2) As an onto-theology. In the third and last part, the deconstruction is defined as a double operation. On the one hand, the negative operation of circumscription of metaphysics’ limits, on the other hand, the positive operation which consists in the proposition of a new way of thinking the basic concepts of metaphysics
Peyroles, Henri. "Science et mystique en philosophie : Henri Bergson et Martin Heidegger." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100040.
Full textAudran, Jérôme. "L'"époque " de la finitude après l'achèvement de la métaphysique selon Nietzsche et Heidegger." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040191.
Full textMetaphysics remains incapable of incorporating finitude because it primarily considers human existence in the negative in relation to the One who exceeds him infinitely – First Mover, Substance, causa sui, and so on. With Nietzsche and Heidegger, the reverse is true: finitude is brought into a positive light because it becomes the first in order of "things", both ontologically and chronologically. Henceforth finitude and solitude define the ontologically legislative laws of human nature. It is the surrender of the logoV on behalf of a "poe(ma)tical" language which first authorizes the articulation of this "inversion", this "jump", and this "turn" in and of thought in general. With finitude, however, some "sharing experiences" are disclosed, which paradoxically introduces a breaking from finitude. This renewed transcendence imposes a reflection that is situated under the individuation principle, and this Nietzsche and Heidegger respectively recapitulate under the notions of "Sacred" and "Dionysiac"
Viana, Thierry. "L’ontologie fondamentale dans la pensée de Martin Heidegger." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100029/document.
Full textReconsidering late the fundamental ontology elaborated in and from Being und Time, Heidegger subjects her to an immanent, radical and total criticism : 1° the fundamental ontology is not fundamental ; 2° by what she focuses without clearly understanding it in her beginnings, the fundamental ontology doesn't deserve, strictly speaking, the title of ontology. How, having elaboreted the fundamental ontology to repeat the question about the Being as the fundamental question, after she was forgotten since Plato and Aristoteles, Heidegger could ever come himself to deny that this ontology was fundamental and even that she deserved the title of ontology ? In order to understand it, we'll try to follow the way of Heidegger’s thought, from the fundamental ontology as his terminus ab quo to the thought of the Ereignis as his terminus ad quem. Based on this, the three main parts in the research are : 1° getting and developping the fundamental ontology in her essence as hermeneutical phenomenology of the Being of the Dasein and of the Being in general ; 2° the bend of the thought, that we'll differ with Heidegger from the turning in the Ereignis ; 3° the explicitation of the thought of the Ereignis, in order to bring out the last horizon for an interpretation of the fundamental ontology
Kabakdjian, Patrick. "La pensée en souffrance." Lyon 3, 2010. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2010_in_kabakdjian_p.pdf.
Full text“Angst in the face of Questioning weighs upon the whole Western thought. ” The time has now come when Being is to be thought out starting from Itself: we are at the Turn, we are the Turn. What thought is there to take over from Metaphysics? Thinking today can only be held up, awaiting, in pain, for the other thinking, and paving the way to it. It must meet the need for renewal felt by an exhausted mankind that the all-powerful Plan has worn out. It is Thinking in labour, attempting to surpass itself, by reconsidering all its fundaments. To think out Being is to consider the use of language with great care. Priority is to be given to working oneself into such a state as to feel distress as being distress. To start with, we have to take stock of the situation of Western thought: Nihilism as the last offspring of Metaphysics. At a time when Nihilism has been accomplished, we have to look around and see what is around the world. An existential analysis opens up the possibility of a correct use of the world, which means a correct use of thinking: to think out the Opening and the Openness, the Clearing – Lichtung; to radicalize the finiteness, such horizon beyond which, by essence, man cannot go; to radicalize the Being. Poetry- poetic speech- alone can give the Earth compensation for experiencing the hold of the Plan. Speech proves to be the inner substance of the Event. In Speech does the awaiting thinking find its soothing regime. Heidegger’s thought is an endless discussion between itself and its own capacity of surpassing itself. Heidegger is aware, to the utmost, of the inner unrestlessness of Existing, as well as he is extremely sensitive to the general uneasiness of our time in the face of its destiny. It is necessary to be aware of the adversative quality of the essence of Being which deploys today as a Plan, in order to reintegrate its own truth. The Promise may remain unkept – today the haunting pain of thinking. The utilitarian circularity of the exploitation of Being may definitely become a permanent process of producing the un-world. What springs from language- provided man takes care of it- illuminates the Lichtung/ the bright interval of his time in the midst of the beauty of the world
Öksüzan, Umut. "La liberté dans la pensée de Martin Heidegger." Thesis, Paris Est, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PEST0009.
Full textIn this thesis, we tried to highlight the reason for which Heidegger initiates an investigation of large scale on the question of freedom after the publication of Being and Time. We tried to formulate and elaborate progressively two theses in the spot of objections that Heidegger addresses to the Critique of Kant and to the Schellingian theology of freedom. Our first thesis is that the Heideggerian radicalization of Kantian conception of freedom developed in the framework of metaphysics of Dasein does not allow to the discovery of a philosophical context from where a more original problematic of freedom could be formulated and the Heideggerian questioning is nothing but a repetition of it and a remarkable application example for elaborating a non Kantian question, to namely the question of Being. Our second thesis is that from the thesis of ontological difference and further to forgetting Schellingian concept of absolute, Heideggerian questioning only could develop a secularized variant of theological dialectics of Schelling, which despite its pantheistic view affirm the thesis of divine goodness and the doctrine of revelation of Christian dogmatics. In Heideggerian ontological perspective, the Being (Sein) melted in the freedom, in the ground of ground (Grund des Grundes), in abyss (Abgrund) manifests itself through what it renders possible, that is to say through being (Seiende)
Ersahin, Sevim. "La détresse de l'homme moderne selon Heidegger." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAC046.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to bring to light the distress of modern man in Heidegger’s thought. To enter into our subject, it is necessary to develop a particular reflection on Heidegger’s critique of the history of metaphysics as a whole. For Heidegger, by eliminating the overwhelming truth of the Being, philosophical tradition has always been in search of a ground and the stability near to being. So he criticises the history of philosophy for its indifference to the Being. However, the forgetfulness of the Being exposes man to an irresistible distress. In these circumstances, the choice of turning towards the technique only accentuates his situation of distress. Because the distress is the Being itself. In other words, the Being is a necessity of human being for coming to word. In this study, we are trying to give answers to following questions: does man risk to lose himself definitely in the forgetfulness of the distress of Being ? Is it still possible for man to overcome his distress created by the forgetfulness of the Being ? How to cope with that imminent peril ? Can man still hope ?
Sarafidis, Karl. "Restauration et déconstruction de la métaphysique. Heidegger, Bergson." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST0036.
Full textThe after-‐effects of spiritualism in France and those of idealism in Germany have led to two major figuresin XXth century thought: Bergson and Heidegger. The resurgence of the ancestral project of first philosophy conducted them both to demand an overcoming of traditional conceptual structures with a view to think being once again in regards to time. Thus, concerning both methods, the first step would be to articulate their understanding of the question "why something rather than nothing?" in the perspective of a reversal of the onto-‐theological principle of which it proceeds.Then, after a sustained reading of their way of establishing the concept of fundamental time, and a critical examination of the interpretation Heidegger gives of the Bergsonian idea on duration, our study attempts to test their diverging confrontation ofAristotle as a representative of the natural conception of derivative time. This ultimate test which aims to release in an explicit way their position in regards to a crucial stage in the installation of the reign of occidental metaphysics contributeshenceforth the rethinking of the conditions of an exchange from which their respective projects could both finally benefit
Maggini, Golfo E. "La justice de la pensée : la critique de la métaphysique de la subjectivité dans le différend heideggérien avec Nietzsche, 1936-1946." Paris 12, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA120045.
Full textOur thesis focuses on the various aspects of nietzsche's presence in the heideggerian project of destruktion of the metaphysics of subjectivity in the years following his first lecture course on "the will to power as art" (1936) and until the letter on humanism (1946). In order to make this explicit, we study the association of the questions of subjectivity and justice in heidegger's interpretation of nietzsche. In fact, the theme of justice appearing in all his ontological implications for the first time in introduction to metaphysics (1935) gives access to the different ways in which nietzsche intervenes in his confrontation with the question of the origin and history of metaphysics. In the first place, justice is dike in the presocratic beginning of philosophy. Its translation as "joining" (fug) permits a new approach to the status of dasein's historicality in fundamental ontology. Actually, its reformulation in the major work of 1936-1938 beitrage zur philosophie (vom ereignis) is the result of the insufficient treatment of being and time. In our second part, we examine another aspect of heidegger's interpretation of justice (gerechtigkeit) in nietzsche qualified as the ultimate moment of the metaphysics of truth. The radical separation of presocratic dike from gerechtigkeit results in his definition as the "metaphysician of subjectivity". In the horizon of the history of being, the justice of life is represented (vor-gestellt) by the will to power. In our third part, we study the ontological status of modern technology as the result of the metaphysics of subjectivity. This is possible insofar as nietzschean justice is identified with rectitude (richtigkeit) and calculative thought (rechnung). In our introduction and conclusion, we concentrate on the hermeneutical nature of justice as "justice of the thought" taking as starting point the term of "differend" (auseinandersetzung) which caracterises the heidegger-nietzsche encounter from its very beginning
Slama, Paul. "Martin Heidegger et la philosophie transcendantale : sources, contextes et développements de la pensée de Heidegger (1919- 1927)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040052.
Full textThis PhD work starts from a difficulty of interpretation that had divided commentators, concerning the transcendental status of the Martin Heidegger’s philosophy. Indeed, whereas many basic concepts in Sein und Zeit (1927) appear to resist a transcendentalist interpretation (« Dasein », « Man », « Verstehen », ustensility, « Angst », « Ruf »…), because they designate the way we are immediatly in the world without the mediation of a constituting subject, Heidegger indicates the treaty’s general direction as a transcendental direction. Indeed, the temporality crowns the building, and grounds existence in its most concrete dimension. What is the Heidegger’s transcendental, if he refuses the subject as substance, and if there is therefore no more constituting subject for experience ? We defend a practical interpretation of this transcendental : the ground is indeed the quest of Heidegger, but as it is always to be found by a free and responsible for himself Dasein. This interpretation, that we call « praxiologico-transcendental », allows to link Heidegger to a well determined metaphysical tradition, by showing how his philosophy confronts neokantian’s transcendentalist conceptions, by showing also how Edmund Husserl and Max Scheler provide phenomenological tools for joining praxis and transcendental, and finally by locating him within a tradition of which Kant was the precursor in some texts, and of which Fichte was the true founder : a kantism that describes a practical subject, by means of the union of the two first Critique. Thus, far from breaking with metaphysics in 1927, Heidegger regenerates one of its fundamental figure, of which we try to indicate crucial concepts
Perrin, Christophe. "Entendre la métaphysique. Les significations de la pensée de Descartes dans l’œuvre de Heidegger." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040071.
Full textHeidegger shows us a new way to understand metaphysics by attending patiently to it. In this work, I would like to pay attention to Heidegger and to what he has to say about one metaphysician in particular, namely Descartes. Heidegger’s understanding of Descartes’ thought should not be considered as anecdotal since it brings to light his own path outside and within the metaphysical domain. I will adopt here a hermeneutic approach: focusing on the meaning one chose as well as on the meaning the other gave, we show how the former influenced the latter
Froidecourt, Adéline. "Pindare et Sophocle : présence de la poésie dans l’ « Introduction en la métaphysique » de Heidegger." Brest, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BRES1002.
Full textWhy does Heidegger discuss the words of Pindar and Sophocles in his 1935 course of lectures, “Einführung in die Metaphysik” ? The sole aim of the present study is to demonstrate that poetry cannot be seen simply as a means to get away from metaphysics: the Greek preoccupation with Being is evident in Greek poetry. Even though the intention of the two poets is not to determine the nature of “Being”, the songs of Pindar as well as “Oedipus the King” and “Antigone” assume that there is a relationship between the Greeks and the entirety of what is involved in the Appearance. The references to poets’ words are not decorative but are crucial in granting us access to Greek thought: this becomes clear through a close textual examination of Heidegger’s commentaries and translations, and also by a re-reading of the work of the poets that are suggested by his comments. Heidegger’s course brings to our attention two poets whose words facilitate our access to the historical beginnings of metaphysics
Manan, Patrick. "La raison du plus fort : le sol dans la pensée de Heidegger, son rôle dans l'achèvement de la métaphysique." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20079.
Full textInvestigating into the thought of Heidegger about the thematic of earth and its relationships with animality, particulary concerning the question of metaphysical consummation
Donnet, Benoît. "Heidegger et la question du mal." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CLFAL003.
Full textAs he takes to addressing the question of being, Heidegger writes: « Only when we open ourselves to what is full of secrets and full of grace as we do to something that makes us think, are we also enabled to think what we consider as the malignancy of evil. »How is one to understand that the experience of evil goes along with the path of thinking ? Is it not this concurrence alone that can explain why evil seemingly ignores ethical questions ? For one can think of evil beyond mere metaphysics as it is not only a value and overrides the laws of morality. What is, then, the meaning of evil, and what could it possibly mean to undo its domination ? Answering this question necessarily implies to reassess the philosophical, and biblical, meaning of evil, with its incompleteness being asserted as the thinking process begins. Aiming at uprooting the truth of evil out of the Christian morality, marked as it is by silence, one wonders whether the field in which Heidegger sets out to make this task his own in one way or another, indeed involves to remove silence off its special relationship to Christianity ?
Jean, Grégori. "Quotidienneté et ontologie : essai de non-ontologie fondamentale." Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE2013.
Full textBeing and Time opened on the need to repeat the « question of being », but « started » with an analysis of « everydayness ». If our time is not very inclined to hear the ontological-fundamental project, at least it seized the « everyday » until setting it up into an authentical philosophical paradigm : from researches on the « life-world » to « ordinary language phi-losophies », from « everyday life sociologies » to various attempts to constitute it as a genuine ethical-political claim, it crosses today all our theoretical and practical ways. This work takes note of this paradigm, but projects it, on a critical mode, towards what, according to Heideg-ger, constituted its proper « place »: the ontological-daily Difference. It shows indeed, through an internal reading of the history of phenomenology, and more specifically of funda-mental ontology, that this problem represents somehow its blind focal point, and introduces certain architectonic faults in which a thought like Wittgenstein’s and a sociology like Goff-man’s are engulfed, insofar as they question implicitly what enabled it to ensure, between the two « terms » of this Difference, the continuity required by its gesture of auto-foundation : the « faktum » of « average and vague understanding of Being ». Consequently, this work pro-poses to follow the path of a « fundamental non-ontology » ; not however for itself but — echoing the « second » Heidegger — to the extent that such an « out-being » of everyday life constitutes the (non)basis from which the « question of being » requires to be asked again.
Kopacz, André. "La plénitude ontologique du vide." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100049/document.
Full textThe title of ontological fullness of the void means that the void is not a nothingness, a mere nothing or a definitive absence but, on the contrary, an assertion in its self-sufficiency of the presence in the pure state. The void is full of the pure presence, better it is identified with it. From ancient atomism to the scientific Revolution including the Renaissance, from Democritus to Newton via Bruno, from Aristotle to Descartes as their most eminent opponents, the void did not stop haunting both the field of the metaphysics and that of the science, that of the experiment as that of the imagination. Having tried to expel it from the physics by means of the notion of ether, the contemporary cosmology rediscovers the essential role of the void in the future and maybe the origin of the universe. Today, it is in the turn of the metaphysics to feel the weight at new expenses of the weight of the void within the framework of the problem of its own. If the void, as pre-eminently place of the exhibition of the presence, throws the fundamental ontology towards its real dimension, the question of the being such as heard it Heidegger takes then all its amplitude, either worldly but cosmological. It is then all the fundamental heideggerian concepts (world, temporality, Dasein) that must be revalued in the alder of this new image of the thought been imperative by the necessity of the void. Does the heideggerianism so indicate an advance or does it mark a regression with regard to the cosmological thoughts of the classic metaphysics? Because it is well very another image of the thought which that of the deconstructions which it is a question of basing, that where the concepts of presence, substance, foundation and even Absolute recover all their present situation
Lo, Sardo Antonella. "Le poste in gioco metafisiche della fenomenologia : una sequenza della fenomenologia francese contemporanea." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040145.
Full textThe research tries to deals with some crucial questions presented by a sequence of important figures of the French contemporary phenomenological context (Lévinas, Ricoeur, Derrida, Henry and Marion). The analysis is developed in dialogue with the composite background of the French reception of the two phenomenological paradigms, Husserl's and Heidegger's one and in a critic discussion of Janicaud hermeneutic thesis exposed in his famous pamphlet "Le tournant théologique de la phénoménologie française". Throughout a path that goes by the "apories" of subjectivity, the paradoxes of temporality and the new configuration of phenomenality, the research presents a possible phenomenological way to one of the most traditional metaphysical instances, i. E. , the legitimacy of a philosophical "access" to God. Revoking the classical presupposes of rational theology and of onto-theology, the work shows how a new definition of the different dimensions of experience (subjectivity between corporeity and language, time between perception and memory, phenomenality between apparent and unapparent), analysed by the French authors of phenomenology, could be the field in which the philosophical approaches offered by phenomenology and metaphysics, face one another and dialogue each other. Finally, the research trail tries to give a different meaning - pursuing a sort of typical French phenomenological spirit to the famous Heidegger's words according to which "the provenience says always future"
Néria, William. "Le mythe de la caverne. L’interprétation originale de Platon face à l’approche originaire de Heidegger." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040063.
Full textThe myth of Plato’s cave which opens Book VII of the Republic, has its roots in the age-old intellectual heritage of humanity. The various interpretations of Plato’s cave, have, each, elucidated a particular element of the Platonic myth. Thus, the meaning of the myth of the cave is not invariable ; on the contrary, it is subject to change as the particular difficulty of its interpretation paves the way for a high degree of variability in the meaning of each symbol and how it is defined in relation to the others. In fact and from the outset, the original signification of the myth of the cave has eluded the entire interpretive philosophical tradition that follows it; this is why Heidegger massively reinvested in this tale in bypassing all previous interpretations in order to offer an originary approach. But can one reasonably assert that Heidegger’s originary interpretation gives the final word on the original meaning of the myth ? This thesis intends to show, on the contrary, that the myth of the cave holds an original Platonic meaning that has never been completely developed and elaborated by its interpreters. Indeed, if Book VII of the Republic constitutes Plato’s original commentary on the myth of the cave, this native Platonic commentary could hold all of the metaphysical, epistemological and political philosophemes necessary to powerfully elucidate the symbolism of the myth of the cave in a fresh light. Would this in fact draw out an original and unprecedented Platonic meaning ? And would it approach Heidegger’s originary interpretation, or distance itself from it irreducibly ?
Spaak, Claude Vishnu. "Interprétations phénoménologiques de la Physique d'Aristote chez Heidegger et Patočka." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040171.
Full textThis thesis confronts the Heideggerian and Patočkian interpretations of the fundamental concepts of Aristotelian Physics. Both interpretations share a point in common: according to Heidegger and Patočka, Aristotle conceives movement as a fundamental ontological determination of Being. Indeed, movement (κίνησις/μεταβολή) is conceived by Aristotle as a process of unconcealment, of coming into presence of entities in the openness of manifest being. Nevertheless, Heidegger and Patočka disagree on the way that one should understand the meaning of this ontological movement at the core of nature (φύσις). This thesis is entirely dedicated to examining these differences. Our aim is to show, through Heidegger’s and Patočka’s interpretations of Aristotle, that there are two distinct and by all means opposed conceptions of the meaning and status of phenomenological ontology itself. This thesis concludes both to Heidegger’s philosophical idealism, and to Patočka’s contrary attempt to build a cosmological realism that challenges to a certain extent the identity between Being and meaning. In the working out of this thesis, a very particular focus is drawn on the concept that concentrates the entire charge of the tension, i.e. the concept of matter (ὕλη)
Noppen, Pierre-François. "Le problème du discours chez Heidegger." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ56765.pdf.
Full textSayoud, Souhil. "Heidegger et la question de la tradition." Strasbourg, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STRA1004.
Full textThis thesis examines the importance of the theme of tradition the philosophy of Martin Heidegger. The method adopted in this thesis has permitted us to more closely place in evidence the sense of the change in his thinking which brougt into question the method of a phenomenological hermeneutics (of the 1920s) in favor of a reduction of the thinking, factical ego of the self of the historiality of Dasein. This radicalization opens the way to a philosophy of destruction the object of wich, against Hegel, seeks to reanchor the history of philosophy in a philosophy of the historiality of Dasein. After freeing his position from a philosophy of history riveted in the reification of the past, Heidegger aims to deconstruct the domination of the present wich characterizes the Hegelian philosophy of history. In Being and time, the question of the authenticity of Dasein must be careful to avoid both a non critical retrieval of concepts inherited from the tradition and from the immediate self comprehension of Dasein. Destruction is thus directed against alienating everydayness ans against the deracinating tendency of tradition. Tradition then presents itself as an obstacle, as deracination and as obliteration or omission of the origin. The thesis conclu des with a final confrontation with Hegel in February 1957 : Heidegger opposes to the Hegelian Aujhebung the "step backward" as a way of liberating the fondamental language of Greek thinkers from the philosophical obstructions of the tradition
Messaoudi, Hichem. "Heidegger et Nietzsche : la présence de Nietzsche dans la philosophie de Heidegger du début jusqu'aux Beiträge zur Philosophie." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23965/23965.pdf.
Full textSantos, Marcel Albiero da Silva. "Heidegger : história da metafísica e antropomorfismo." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/46072.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia. Defesa: Curitiba, 19/12/2016
Inclui referências : f. 195-203
Área de concentração: História da Filosofia
Resumo: Esta tese trata da relação entre diagnóstico histórico da metafísica e antropomorfismo na obra de Heidegger entre o final dos anos de 1920 e meados dos anos de 1940. Inicialmente seguiremos o fio condutor do diagnóstico filosófico heideggeriano da história da metafísica em Sein und Zeit. Nessa obra Heidegger caracteriza a metafísica como história da preponderância da ontologia da Vorhandenheit, a qual possui fundamentos existenciais. Em seguida, pretendemos compreender como, nos anos de 1930, conceitos como sujeito e representação (Vorstellung), que anteriormente tinham uma acepção apenas negativa, alcançam uma concretude histórica positiva com o advento do projeto de uma história do ser (Seinsgeschichte). Nesse contexto, a metafísica moderna só pode ser entendida como época da representação porque Heidegger não pensa mais a história existencialmente. Por fim, discutiremos o significado da virada (Kehre) na obra de Heidegger, bem como a concepção de história do ser. O decisivo nessa concepção é a experiência do ser como recusa (Verweigerung). Apenas a partir dessa compreensão Heidegger pode conceber como a metafísica na época de sua consumação (Vollendung) se torna uma antropomorfia (Antropomorphie). Essa problemática é central porque prepara o desenvolvimento de duas outras problemáticas que ocuparão Heidegger nas décadas seguintes: a questão da técnica e a questão da linguagem. Palavras-chave: 1. Heidegger; 2. metafísica; 3. história do ser; 4. Kehre; 5. antropomorfismo
Abstract: This thesis is about the relationship between the historical diagnosis of metaphysics and anthropomorphism in Heidegger's work between the late 1920s and the early 1940s. We will initially follow the Heideggerian philosophical diagnosis of the history of metaphysics in Sein und Zeit. In this work, Heidegger characterizes metaphysics as a history of the preponderance of the ontology of Vorhandenheit, which has existential foundations. Next, we intend to understand how in the 1930s concepts such as subject and representation (Vorstellung), which previously had only a negative meaning, achieve a positive historical concreteness with the advent of the project of a history of being (Seinsgeschichte). In this context, modern metaphysics can only be understood as an era of representation because Heidegger no longer thinks about history existentially. Finally, we will discuss the meaning of the turn (Kehre) in Heidegger's work as well as the conception of the history of being. The decisive factor in this conception is the experience of being as a refusal (Verweigerung). Only from this understanding on can Heidegger conceive how metaphysics in its consummation (Vollendung) becomes an anthropomorphism. This is a central issue because it prepares the development of two other problems that will occupy Heidegger in the following decades: the question of technique and the question of language. Keywords: 1. Heidegger; 2. metaphysics; 3. history of being; 4. Kehre; 5. anthropomorphism.
Sorial, Sarah School of Philosophy UNSW. "Heidegger and the problem of individuation: Mitsein (being-with), ethics and responsibility." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Philosophy, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/23966.
Full textLopes, Marcos Daniel. "A crítica de Heidegger ao humanismo à luz da interpretação sobre a alegoria platônica." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/38050.
Full textDissertaçao (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia. Defesa: Curitiba, 24/03/2014
Inclui referências
Área de concentração: Historia da Filosofia moderna e contemporânea
Resumo: Como foi possível que, num determinado momento histórico, uma defesa do homem tenha sido assumida desde uma idéia genérica de "humanidade"? Pensada a partir da obra de Heidegger, a pergunta pelo "humanismo" atinge o nível de uma consideração radical que se move desde o núcleo do modo de pensar ocidental. O texto da presente dissertação gira em torno de três eixos: primeiro, abordamos as ponderações de Heidegger partindo de uma carta destinada a Jean Beaufret ao mesmo tempo em que nos servimos de outros escritos do filósofo para esclarecê-la; em seguida, procuramos uma radicalização histórica a respeito das origens do fenômeno num escrito do mesmo período em que o filósofo alemão interpreta a famosa "alegoria da caverna" de Platão; por último, após identificarmos uma importante variação interpretativa na leitura da mesma alegoria feita no período do reitorado, apresentamos alguns cursos e escritos que se encontram no entremeio das duas leituras. Passamos então a explorar as modificações decisivas do pensamento no que concerne ao papel e ao lugar da metafísica, do poder e do próprio pensar. Nosso propósito principal é que, ao final deste itinerário, tenhamos conquistado maior clareza e definição acerca da questão do humanismo e também a respeito da limitação do próprio Heidegger frente à ampla possibilidade aberta pelo pensamento. Palavras-chave: Humanismo, Metafísica, Formação, Pensamento, Heidegger.
Abstract: How was it possible that, at a determined historical moment, a human's defense has been assumed from a generic idea of "man"? When thought through Heidegger's work, the question on "humanism" reaches the level of a radical consideration that moves from the core of the western thinking. This dissertation's text is based upon three axis: on the first, we approach on Heidegger's thoughts on humanism through a letter sent to Jean Beaufret and we also simultaneously use other works of the philosopher in order to elucidate it. Then we make an effort towards a historical radicalization concerning the source of this phenomenon on an essay of the same period wherein the German philosopher interprets Plato's famous "allegory of the cave". Finally, after having identified a relevant interpretative variation of the same allegory on another lecture that was giving during the rectorial period, we discussed some courses and writings which took place between those lectures. So we examine the decisive modifications of the thinking that concerns the role and the place of metaphysics, power and thinking itself. Our main purpose is that, at the end of this itinerary, we may have achieved more clarity and definition on the issue of humanism and also about Heidegger's own limitations face to the vast possibility opened by thinking. Key-words: Humanism, Metaphysics, Education, Though, Heidegger.
Rothan, Philippe Pierre. "Heidegger et la pensée post-kantienne : essai d'une approche du sens de l'être dans, de / par et au-travers de la scientificité de la "Wissenschaftslehre" de J.G. Fichte en 1804-1805." Aix-Marseille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX10094.
Full textDarwiche, Frank. "Le divin dans la pensée de Martin Heidegger." Dijon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DIJOL010.
Full textThis thesis rediscovers the original meaning of the divine (Göttliche) in Heidegger's philosophy. The divine is first freed from the metaphysical apparatus, it is, afterwards, determined in the plenitude of its meaning and then followed and encountered in the various places of thought and existence – such as Art, the poem, the thinking concerning the god and mysticism free of their metaphysical burden – which can still welcome its coming. The divine reaches its most significant and distinctive unfolding within the Fourfold (Geviert) – where it should be clearly distinguished from the gods – and the enowning event (Ereignis). The divine is finally also found in the most secret of being: its thanatic dimension – to which the saying of silence bears witness – for which apophatic thinking and some soufi endeavours have already searched. Moreover, this work allows for the exact meaning of the god, the divine's expression, to be found. This god proves to be the inaugural and the mark of every historical (geschichtlich) epoch. The second beginning is unthinkable without it
Diese These entdeckt den ursprünglichen Sinn des Göttlichen in Heideggers Philosophie. Das Göttliche wird in einem ersten Schritt von seiner metaphysischen Ausschmückung befreit. Danach wird es in der Vielfalt seiner Bedeutungen bestimmt und in den verschiedenen Bereichen der Gedanken und der Existenz losgelöst von der Metaphysik beleuchtet – z. B. Der Kunst, dem Gedicht, dem Denken von Gott und dem Mystizismus. Das Göttliche trifft seine bedeutsamste und charakteristischste Entfaltung im Geviert – wo man es sehr deutlich von den Göttern unterscheiden muss – und im Ereignis. Schließlich befindet sich das Göttliche im Geheimsten des Seins, d. H. In seiner « thanatischen » Seite – wie die Sprache der Stille beweist -, nach der der Apophatismus und der Sufismus schon gesucht haben. Außerdem erlaubt diese Arbeit den exakten Sinn Gottes, als Ausdruck des Göttlichen, zu finden. Dieser Gott erweist sich als Gott des Anfangs und Zeichen jeder geschichtlichen Epoche. Ein zweiter Anfang ist ohne ihn undenkbar
Ferreira, Alexandre de Oliveira. "Wegmarken : o acontecer historial em Heidegger." [s.n.], 2001. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/281948.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: o presente estudo busca esclarecer a noção de historicidade no segundo Heidegger, comentando as mudanças conceituais que ocorrem ao longo do seu pensamento nas diferentes retomadas da questão do ser (Seinsfrage). Será tomado como base para a pesquisa a obra Wegmarken, uma reunião de textos que abarca grande parte da trajetória do pensamento de Heidegger, desde a analítica existencial, passando pela Kehre, até a fase tardia do seu pensamento, na qual a historicidade é pensada como "verdade do ser" (Wahrheit des Seins). bre uma possível ação humana na era da técnica sem, contudo, solucioná-Ias,esperandocom isso abrir caminho para futuras investigações
Abstract: The present study inquired the notion of historicality in the later Heidegger, considering the conceptual changes throughout his thought. It was based in the work Wegmarken, a collection of texts that display most of the philosopher's considerations on the Question ofBeing (Seinsfrage) The conceptual changes will be exposed since the existential analytic of Being and Time, through the Kehre. At least the notion of historicality will be approached as True of Being (Wahrheit des Seins). The thesis dissertation is finished with a question on a possible human action in the technological age. But such question will be not solved, in order to open up future investigations
Mestrado
Mestre em Filosofia
Maluenda, Urmeneta Luis Emilio. "LAS SIGNIFICACIONES DEL SER EN HEIDEGGER." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2007. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/108988.
Full textFerreira, Luciana da Silva Mendes. "Da Ética ao ethos originário : um diálogo com Heidegger." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2008. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/3866.
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Esta dissertação tem como tema a investigação das possíveis relações entre a filosofia de Heidegger e a ética, posto que, apesar da recusa do filósofo alemão de pensar uma ética e das críticas tecidas por outros filósofos ao limite da ontologia fundamental quando se deve pensar a consideração do outro, observamos uma tendência atual em favor da defesa de uma ética implícita ou relacionada à sua ontologia. Com o intuito de preparar o enfrentamento da questão, iniciamos o nosso percurso com uma explanação a respeito do pensamento metafísico, tal como o entende o filósofo alemão, a fim de contextualizar o nascimento das éticas. Em seguida, apontamos para a necessidade da desconstrução dessas éticas a partir da superação da metafísica defendida por Heidegger. Apresentamos, então, a perspectiva de Loparic no que concerne à desconstrução das éticas, cuja dimensão ontológica permaneceu impensada pela tradição precedente. Essa dimensão, por sua vez, foi esclarecida a partir da ontologia fundamental, descortinando, em diálogo com a interpretação de Heidegger do ethos grego, o que definimos como um “habitar ético originário” ou “eticidade”. Uma vez que esclarecemos o sentido desse habitar ético originário, diferenciando-o daquilo que convencionalmente chamamos ética, indagamos, em diálogo com alguns filósofos contemporâneos, sobre a possibilidade de um outro passo: pensar uma ética filosófica não metafísica haurida da ontologia de Heidegger. Defendemos, por fim, que a ontologia fundamental, embora possa ser assumida como o solo impensado das éticas, não pode servir de parâmetro suficiente para orientar eticamente a nossa existência. Essa conclusão encontrou o seu fundamento no que denominamos “ambigüidade essencial”, sugerida como a condição fundamental do nosso ser-no-mundo e, portanto, da nossa eticidade. Suspeitamos que, se o ser pode ser tido como o solo fenomenológico da nossa moralidade, não obstante isso, não se define critério para a elaboração ou a interpretação de uma ética filosófica. Nesse contexto, todavia, a nossa moralidade seguramente encontrará outros critérios, reafirmando-se como uma das experiências fundamentais da existência humana. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
This dissertation investigates the possible relations between Heidegger’s philosophy and ethics, given that, in spite of his refusal to develop an ethics, and other philosopher’s criticisms towards the limit of the fundamental ontology when thinking about the consideration of the other, there seems to be a trend nowadays towards an implicit or related ethics in his ontology. In order to address this issue, the dissertation begins with an explanation of metaphysical thought, as understood by Heidegger, so as to contextualize the birth of ethics. It then points out the need for a deconstruction of these ethics based on the overcoming of metaphysics defended by Heidegger. It then presents Loparic’s perspective regarding the deconstruction of ethics, whose ontological dimension remained unconsidered by the previous tradition. This dimension was, in turn, clarified by the fundamental ontology, unveiling, in dialogue with Heidegger’s interpretation of the Greek ethos, what is defined as a “genuine ethical dwelling” or “ethicity”. Once the meaning of this “genuine ethical dwelling” has been clarified, differentiating it from what is conventionally called ethics, it considers, in dialogue with some contemporary philosophers, the possibility of a step further: that of thinking a non-metaphysical philosophical ethics drawn from Heidegger’s ontology. Finally, it is argued that the fundamental ontology, though it may be assumed as an unconsidered ground of ethics, cannot be used as a sufficient parameter to ethically guide our existence. This conclusion found its underpinning in what is refered to as “essential ambiguity”, suggested as a central condition of our being-in-the-world and thus of our ethicity. It seems that even if the being may be considered as the phenomenological ground of morality, nevertheless, the criteria for the development or the interpretation of a philosophical ethics has not been defined. In this context, however, our morality will surely find other criteria, reaffirming itself as one of the fundamental experiences of human existence.
Raffoul, François. "Heidegger et la question du sujet." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0107.
Full textMilet, Jean-Philippe. "L'absolu technique : technique et ontologie chez Heidegger." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100076.
Full textThe aim of the concept of technical absolute is to lead the connexion of the two views proposed by Heidegger’s thinking: the first view is to think technical as the form of summon to nature (physis); our purpose is then to show that mediation of technical achieves partition between "to be" and "being", and let the partition come as such. The second view is to think technical as unkindness from nature. The aim of this second accentuation is to explore possibility of artifice, by being grounded upon the different fields of "techno-science", and upon art. The leading interrogation bears on the question of decision and undecidable. The endeavor of inquiry is to make light upon the decision as essence of technical, in Heidegger’s thinking, by showing that it achieves possibilities sketched forward in being, which correspond to the manifestation of possible as such. In counterpoint Heidegger’s indications, the inquiry endeavor to outline an alternative concept of possible, which implies, in field of being, the offended space of a possible game ; the display of possible, as undecidable, must be thought through the fields of technical
Parker, Michael Alan. "A phenomenological analysis of the psychological manifestations of ontic conscience as derived from Heidegger's ontological conception of that phenomenon." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002076.
Full textBonacci, Valeria. "Evento, linguaggio e storia in Heidegger : il percorso della Kehre." Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040139.
Full textSims, Jessica R. 1981. "Questioning the Essence of Technology: Heidegger and the History of Truth." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/9838.
Full textThis project explores Martin Heidegger's extensive engagement with technology and stands as a defense of his approach. In doing this I will explicate how technology should not be viewed simply as a means for human use but must be recognized as a way in which the truth reveals itself. This requires an inquiry into how modem technology approaches the world in a way that differs from approaches of the past. By showing what this difference is and how it is making its appearance, it becomes possible to see that technology places humanity into a new and dangerous relationship with itself. I would like to show that this danger can only be properly attended to and averted through a tum to historical reflection.
Committee in Charge: John T. Lysaker, Chair; Peter A. Warnek
Lorenz, Angela Baggio. "A verdade em Heidegger apenas enquanto desvelamento." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2013. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/13679.
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Este trabalho se propõe a investigar a verdade no pensamento de Heidegger como forma de desvelamento da questão do sentido de ser. Buscamos contextualizar o horizonte em que se situa a verdade, tendo como referência as críticas feitas à tradição na qual as representações passaram a determinar a verdade segundo a faculdade de ajuizamento. Inicialmente pela fenomenologia, seguido da hermenêutica da facticidade, esta todavia afirmada pela analítica existencial, Heidegger irá abalar os fundamentos em que repousam a legitimação de um saber sustentado pela consciência e pela razão. A verdade está aquém do ser do ente, mas além das ontologias regionais os quais subordinam toda a forma de apreensão, seja pela síntese conceitual ou pelo consenso da inautenticidade comunicativa. Fruto de um filosofar mais originário, a sustentação da verdade como desvelamento ou desencobrimento possibilita os meios para que a linguagem ilumine singularmente a questão do Ser mediante a sua condição de ser-no-mundo. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
The present work aims at investigating the truth in Heidegger´s thought as a way of unvailing the question of the meaning of being. We contextualized the horizon in which truth is situated, having as reference the critics made to tradition in which representations determined truth by means of faculty of judgement. Initially with phenomenology and later with hermeneutics of facticity, whereby the latter is being confirmed with existential analytic of being, Heidegger will shatter the foundations in which lay the legitimation of knowledge sustained through conscience and reason. Truth is not beyond the being of beings, but beyond the regional ontology to which all forms of apprehension are subordinated through the conceptive synthesis or the consensus of an inauthentic communication. As a result of the primordial philosophy, the emerging of truth as unconcealment provides the means in which language lights the questioning of Being through its condition of being-in-the world.
Carmona, Tabja Miguel. "De Stirner desde Heidegger." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/115691.
Full textEste trabajo se inscribe en uno mayor que trata de la relación entre la tradición y la filosofía: en qué medida ésta necesita de aquella (cómo se vuelve parte fundamental de la filosofía la interpretación de textos de la tradición) y cómo llegar a ésta a partir de aquella (en qué medida hay un filosofar en esa interpretación), todo esto enmarcado dentro de los desarrollos fenomenológicos del joven Heidegger (a partir del cual surgieron estas preguntas, a partir de otras más específicas: por qué para ilustrar la modulación de la vida fáctica en que consiste la filosofía se tiene que pasar por San Pablo, o por Aristóteles, etc.). En ese sentido, este trabajo se alinea más bien con la segunda problemática: se trata de un ejercicio fenomenológico en torno a la obra de Max Stirner, El Único y su propiedad (Der Einzige und sein Eigentum).
Leduc, Alexandra. "La philosophie comme accomplissement chez le jeune Heidegger (1919-1923)." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040046.
Full textThis study aims to show the unity of inspiration of the early Heidegger's writings during his teaching years in Freiburg from 1919 to 1923. While the topics dealt with in these texts may seem quite varied, on further examination we find the concept of accomplishment (Vollzug) to be at the heart of Heidegger's thought. Heidegger's hermeneutical phenomenology aims to bring about a conversion to the originary source of life (life itself being thought of in terms of accomplishment), and to revive petrified meanings and concepts through a method involving the unfolding of content sense (Gehaltsinn), relational sense (Bezugsinn), and actualization sense (Vollzugssinn). In what could be considered a return to Aristotle, Heidegger ends up showing that the sense of being (Seinssinn) governing the Western tradition is based on a conception of movement as being accomplished. He also re-appropriates the concept of praxis as an immanent form of accomplishment (energeia)
Bowden, Peta Lyn. "Relationships with others : insights from the work of Martin Heidegger for feminism, ethics and care." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63779.
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