Academic literature on the topic 'Heidelberg method of sermon analysis'

ABSTRACT Heidelberg is among the top three Salmonella enterica serovars associated with human foodborne illness in Canada. Traditional culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing techniques can be time-consuming to identify Salmonella Heidelberg resistant to cephalosporins and fosfomycin. Rapid and accurate detection of such antibiotic-resistant Salmonella Heidelberg isolates is essential to adopt appropriate control measures. In this study, 15 Salmonella Heidelberg strains isolated from feces of Canadian broiler chickens were characterized by whole genome sequencing. Salmonella Heidelberg genomes had an average coverage of greater than 80-fold, an average of 4,761 protein-coding genes, and all belonged to multilocus sequence type ST15. Genome sequences were compared with genomes in the National Center for Biotechnology Information Pathogen Detection database (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pathogens/), including human outbreak isolates. The Canadian broiler isolates clustered with chicken isolates from the United States and an equine clinical isolate from Ontario, Canada. In agreement with their antimicrobial resistance phenotypes, several chromosomally encoded specific antimicrobial resistance genes including fosA7 and multidrug resistance efflux pump determinants were detected. An AmpC-like β-lactamase gene, blaCMY-2, linked with a quaternary ammonium compound resistance gene, sugE, on a replicon type IncI1 plasmid was detected in all 15 broiler Salmonella Heidelberg isolates. Of the 205,031 published Salmonella genomes screened in silico, 4,954 (2.4%) contained blaCMY-2, 8,143 (4.0%) contained fosA7, and 919 (0.4%) contained both resistance genes. The combination of both resistance genes (fosA7 and blaCMY-2) was detected in 64% of the Heidelberg genomes and in a small proportion of various other serovars. A PCR method was developed to detect Salmonella Heidelberg in pure culture and chicken feces based on specific primers targeting genes conferring fosfomycin (fosA7) and third-generation cephalosporin (blaCMY-2) resistance as well as the Salmonella-specific invA gene and the universal 16S rRNA genes. The PCR assay was specific and sensitive for blaCMY-2 and fosA7 harboring Salmonella Heidelberg. However, some other Salmonella serovars containing these two resistance genes could also be detected by the developed PCR method.

Most of original manuscripts wrongly claim authority of the treatise Adversus Constantinum Caballinum to John of Damascus. We applied the method of detailed linguistic analysis in order to check the hypothesis that Jerusalem monk John, the representative of three eastern patriarchs on the Second Council of Nicaea, wrote this iconophile work. Stylistic resemblance between the speech that John of Jerusalem held on the Second Council of Nicaea and sermon Adversus Constantinum Caballinum could indicate the same person as author.

Summary Objectives: The ability of various classifiers to discriminate between normal and glaucomatous eyes based on features derived from automated analysis of laser scanning images of the eye background is investigated. Methods: To compare the classifiers without over-optimization for a given dataset, we use a simulation model to create topography images. We designed three different simulation setups as model of extreme situations and medical subgroups. Results: Neither linear nor tree-based classifiers are ideal for all setups. The most robust performance is obtained by a combination of both, so-called Double-Bagging. Classification of real data from a case-control study shows best results with Double-Bagging. All results obtained with the analysis method extracting features automatically are worse than those obtained by the same classifiers but with features derived from an analysis method that requires intervention of a physician. Conclusions: Robust classification results for classification of laser scanning images obtained with the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph are achieved by combined classifiers. The examined automated procedure causes an increased misclassification error compared to the established clinical routine requiring an expert physician’s intervention.

<p>Architecture during Qajar dynasty has witnessed significant developments. The change which was particularly prevalent in advanced form, was the combination of two function: mosque and school. An important issue in the mosque-school typology is the spatial layout of the space, so that the two functions could maintain their independence and do not cause flaws to each other. The aim of this study is to understand how the combination of religious and educational functions in one building is. In this research Aqa-Bozorg mosque-school is analyzed by heuristic analysis method in order to recognize the different factors such as space and quality of human cognition. The result shows that this place with religious function, is not limited to religious ceremonies, vast assemblies with social or political motivation, rather it could be known as set of usual belief or hidden ones which are existed in profound layer of thinking and culture of society. So not only formal speech or sermon, rather customs, architectural features, art sights and even arrangement of main features in a religious building could convey implication to the audience who are consciously or unconsciously affected and make their ideology based on this. </p>

Salmonella entericaserovar Heidelberg is the second most frequently occurring serovar in Quebec and the third-most prevalent in Canada. Given that conventional pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) subtyping for commonSalmonellaserovars, such asS. Heidelberg, yields identical subtypes for the majority of isolates recovered, public health laboratories are desperate for new subtyping tools to resolve highly clonalS. Heidelberg strains involved in outbreak events. As PFGE was unable to discriminate isolates from three epidemiologically distinct outbreaks in Quebec, this study was conducted to evaluate whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and phylogenetic analysis as an alternative to conventional subtyping tools. Genomes of 46 isolates from 3 Quebec outbreaks (2012, 2013, and 2014) supported by strong epidemiological evidence were sequenced and analyzed using a high-quality core genome single-nucleotide variant (hqSNV) bioinformatics approach (SNV phylogenomics [SNVphyl] pipeline). Outbreaks were indistinguishable by conventional PFGE subtyping, exhibiting the same PFGE pattern (SHEXAI.0001/SHEBNI.0001). Phylogenetic analysis based on hqSNVs extracted from WGS separated the outbreak isolates into three distinct groups, 100% concordant with the epidemiological data. The minimum and maximum number of hqSNVs between isolates from the same outbreak was 0 and 4, respectively, while >59 hqSNVs were measured between 2 previously indistinguishable outbreaks having the same PFGE and phage type, thus corroborating their distinction as separate unrelated outbreaks. This study demonstrates that despite the previously reported high clonality of this serovar, the WGS-based hqSNV approach is a superior typing method, capable of resolving events that were previously indistinguishable using classic subtyping tools.

Abstract. The Upper Rhine Graben, and the Heidelberg Basin in particular, play an important role in the investigation of climate change and tectonic activity during the Tertiary and Quaternary periods. Several research boreholes were recently drilled to acquire data for a new interpretation of the geology of the northern Upper Rhine Graben. This paper investigates in detail the boreholes at Heidelberg, Viernheim and Ludwigshafen-Parkinsel, as well as the shallower boreholes at Pfungstadt, Stadtwerke Viernheim and Hüttenfeld, in terms of their geophysical parameters. The physical properties of the lithologies described in the cores are characterised on the basis of borehole logging data. A hole-to-hole correlation between adjacent boreholes is then conducted, using the characteristic changes in the ‘natural radioactivity’ parameter to acquire information on changes in sediment provenance (Rhine, Neckar, Pfälzerwald and Odenwald). An interpretation applying the statistical method of cluster analysis allows identifi cation of sections with homogenous physical properties from downhole measurements and thus the determination of possible sediment provenance.

Bone tissue engineering and bone scaffold development represent two challenging fields in orthopaedic research. Micro-computed tomography (mCT) allows non-invasive measurement of these scaffolds’ properties in vivo . However, the lack of standardized mCT analysis protocols and, therefore, the protocols’ user-dependency make interpretation of the reported results difficult. To overcome these issues in scaffold research, we introduce the Heidelberg-mCT-Analyzer. For evaluation of our technique, we built 10 bone-inducing scaffolds, which underwent mCT acquisition before ectopic implantation (T0) in mice, and at explantation eight weeks thereafter (T1). The scaffolds’ three-dimensional reconstructions were automatically segmented using fuzzy clustering with fully automatic level-setting. The scaffold itself and its pores were then evaluated for T0 and T1. Analysing the scaffolds’ characteristic parameter set with our quantification method showed bone formation over time. We were able to demonstrate that our algorithm obtained the same results for basic scaffold parameters (e.g. scaffold volume, pore number and pore volume) as other established analysis methods. Furthermore, our algorithm was able to analyse more complex parameters, such as pore size range, tissue mineral density and scaffold surface. Our imaging and post-processing strategy enables standardized and user-independent analysis of scaffold properties, and therefore is able to improve the quantitative evaluations of scaffold-associated bone tissue-engineering projects.

Purpose. To investigate the correlation between best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), the foveal inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) junction or ellipsoid portion of inner segment (EPIS/ellipsoid zone), and the cone outer segment tips (COST) line or interdigitation zone integrity in eyes with uveitic macular edema (ME).Method. A retrospective observational study involving all patients from January 2012 to December 2013 with uveitic ME was performed. All patients underwent BCVA using Snellen charts spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) examination using Spectralis OCT (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany).Results. Fifty-two eyes from 45 patients were included in this study. Multivariate analysis showed a negative correlation between BCVA and the central retinal subfield thickness (CST), the cystoid pattern of edema, and the interdigitation zone interruption. Univariate logistic analysis showed a strong correlation between the ellipsoid zone and the interdigitation zone integrity.Conclusions. The ellipsoid zone defect, the interdigitation zone interruption, and the CST are correlated with poor vision. Visual acuity is also strongly affected by the cystoid pattern. The interdigitation zone integrity appears to be the most important factor in the visual prognosis of uveitic ME.

Abstract. Information about clouds, in particular the accurate identification of cloud free pixels, is crucial for the retrieval of tropospheric vertical column densities from space. The Heidelberg Iterative Cloud Retrieval Utilities (HICRU) retrieve effective cloud fraction using spectra of two instruments designed for trace gas retrievals from space: The Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) on the European Remote Sensing Satellite (ERS-2) and the SCanning Imaging Absorption SpectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) on ENVISAT. HICRU applies the widely used threshold method to the so-called Polarization Monitoring Devices (PMDs) with higher spatial resolution compared to the channels used for trace gas retrievals. Cloud retrieval and in particular the identification of cloud free pixels is improved by HICRU through a sophisticated, iterative retrieval of the thresholds which takes their dependency on different instrumental and geometrical parameters into account. The lower thresholds, which represent the surface albedo and strongly affect the results of the algorithm, are retrieved accurately through a four stage classification scheme using image sequence analysis. The design and the results of the algorithm applied to GOME data are described and compared to several other cloud algorithms for GOME. The differences to other cloud algorithms are discussed with respect to the particular characteristics of the algorithms.

Abstract. Information about clouds, in particular the accurate identification of cloud free pixels, is crucial for the retrieval of tropospheric vertical column densities from space. The Heidelberg Iterative Cloud Retrieval Utilities (HICRU) retrieve effective cloud fraction using spectra of two instruments designed for trace gas retrievals from space: The Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) on the European Remote Sensing Satellite (ERS-2) and the SCanning Imaging Absorption SpectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) on ENVISAT. HICRU applies the widely used threshold method to the so-called Polarization Monitoring Devices (PMDs) with higher spatial resolution compared to the channels used for trace gas retrievals. Cloud retrieval and in particular the identification of cloud free pixels is improved by HICRU through a sophisticated, iterative retrieval of the thresholds which takes their dependency on different instrumental and geometrical parameters into account. The lower thresholds, which represent the surface albedo and strongly affect the results of the algorithm, are retrieved accurately through a four stage classification scheme using image sequence analysis. The design and the results of the algorithm applied to GOME data are described and compared to several other cloud algorithms for GOME. The differences to other cloud algorithms are discussed with respect to the particular characteristics of the algorithms.

Thesis (DTh (Practical Theology and Missiology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of our study was not merely to recount the ethical problems of the Korean Protestant Church and its members, but to suggest a new ethical preaching mode for resolving these problems. Thus, in order to research the subject of our study, we used two methodologies: Dingemans’s practical theological methodology and the Heidelberg method of sermon analysis. In chapter one, we stated the question why the Korean Protestant Church’s growth is declining, and described the current social situation in which the Korean people are starting to turn their backs on the Korean Protestant Church, and also mistrusting the morality of this Church as its members do not seem to act in accordance with their stated beliefs. Their ethical behaviour does not correspond with the content of their confession. In order to show exactly the practical and problematic phenomenon of the Korean Protestant Church and its members, we used the results of six surveys conducted recently by several institutes. Furthermore, in order to expose exactly the Korean Protestant Christian’s ethical problems in terms of homiletics, we suggested that our study focuses on the following three issues: political, triumphal and narrative, as these three sermon patterns flow like rivers into the Korean Protestant Church and its American theological connection. By doing so, our study hoped to contribute ultimately towards the rediscovery and revalidation of ethical preaching in contemporary Korea. From chapter two to chapter seven, we thus strived to explain the content of, and relationship between, the three preaching modes as described above (political, triumphal, and experiential), and we analysed the sermons of three representative Korean Protestant preachers in detail, by using the framework of the Heidelberg method. In chapter eight, we evaluated the ethical situation of the Korean Protestant Church and its members in contemporary Korea as follows: “Consequently, in contemporary Korea, the Koreans no longer believe and trust the Korean Protestant Church. Thus, since the 1990s, the present Korean Protestant Church is experiencing a decline in the attendance of its members because the present Korean Protestant Church has lost its dignity due to its ethical problems. In our opinion, it is true that the Korean Protestant Church needs to discover Christian ethics; thus, the Church must especially focus on its lack of social ethics and political responsibility in the Reformed theological views. In order to promote the public’s trust in the Korean Protestant Church and its members, it is inevitable that Korean Protestant ministers must focus more on Christian ethics than on the outward development of the Church in contemporary Korea. Thus, in order to establish Christian ethics in Korea, the Korean Protestant preachers must consider ethical preaching, through which naturally, Christians will try to follow Jesus’ life and teachings before God by faith in the world.” In chapter nine, we explained in detail what ethical preaching is, i.e. we introduced the necessity for ethical preaching, and defined it as well as components thereof. In particular, we emphasized that the world’s position and function are unique, as evil controls the world in terms of ethical preaching because human beings have been captured by the multiplicity of the powers or related them to contemporary social realities, and they cannot but produce Christian ethical problems in the world. Furthermore, we suggested the following: “We obviously need the harmony of Campbell and Long’s homiletical views in order to create the best framework for ethical preaching for contemporary Korea.” In chapter ten, we critically compared and reflected on the homiletical views of Campbell and Long in terms of ethical preaching. Furthermore, we created a new ethical preaching mode for contemporary Korea. In chapter eleven, we introduced some suggestions as regards the way ethical preaching could be done in contemporary Korea, i.e. we strived to compose a sermon’s synopsis of ethical preaching with the newly formed framework. Thus, with Luke 8:22-39, we dealt with “the division of Korea into North and South” and, with Luke 10:25-37, “racial prejudice toward coloured foreign workers” by using the newly formed ethical preaching mode. In chapter twelve, we summarized and concluded our dissertation. As regards the homiletical field of Korea, we introduced four benefits our study can offer. On the other hand, we pointed out the shortcomings of our study as follows: “Jesus Christ and ethical issues from the Old Testament” and “the relationship between our ethical preaching mode and Christian worship, especially liturgy.” In this chapter, thus, we emphasized the abovementioned points as suggestions for future research.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van ons studie was nie ʼn blote weergee van die etiese probleme van die Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk en sy lidmate nie, maar om ʼn nuwe metode van etiese prediking ter oplossing van hierdie probleme voor te stel. Gevolglik het ons, ten einde navorsing oor ons onderwerp te doen, twee metodologiee aangewend: Dingemans se prakties-teologiese metodologie en die Heidelbergse metode van prediking analise. In hoofstuk 1 het ons die vraag gestel waarom daar ʼn afname was in die groei van die Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk en die huidige sosiale situasie waarin die Koreaanse bevolking die Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk die rug keer en ook die moraliteit van die kerk aangesien sy lidmate nie handel volgens hul verklaarde oortuigings nie beskryf. Hul etiese gedrag stem nie ooreen met die inhoud van hul belydenis nie. Ten einde die praktiese en problematiese verskynsel van die Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk en sy lidmate juis te beklemtoon, het ons die resultate van ses opnames wat onlangs deur verskeie institute gedoen is gebruik. Verder, om die etiese probleme van die Koreaanse Protestantse Christen in terme van homilitiek noukeurig bloot te le, het ons voorgestel dat ons studie op die volgende drie aspekte fokus: politiese, triomferende en narratiewe aangesien hierdie drie erediens patrone soos riviere in die Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk en sy Amerikaanse teologiese verbintenis vloei. Sodoende hoop ons studie om uiteindelik ʼn bydrae te lewer tot die herontdekking en herbekragtiging van etiese prediking in hedendaagse Korea. Vanaf hoofstuk twee tot hoofstuk sewe het ons dus daarna gestreef om die inhoud van en die verhouding tussen die drie metodes van prediking, soos hierbo beskryf (politiese, triomferende en narratiewe), te verduidelik en het ons deur middel van die Heidelbergse metode die preke van drie verteenwoordigende Koreaanse Protestantse predikers breedvoerig geanaliseer. In hoofstuk ag (t) het ons die etiese situasie van die Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk en sy lidmate soos volg geevalueer: “Gevolglik glo en vertrou die Koreane in hedendaagse Korea nie meer die Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk nie. Dus, sedert die 1990’s beleef die huidige Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk ʼn afname in die bywoning van sy lidmate omdat die Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk sy waardigheid verloor het as gevolg van sy etiese probleme. Volgens ons is dit waar dat die Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk Christelike etiek moet ontdek; dus, die Kerk moet spesifiek fokus op sy gebrek aan sosiale etiek en politieke verantwoordelikheid in die gereformeerde teologiese gesigspunte. Ten einde die publiek se vertroue in die Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk en sy lidmate te bevorder, is dit onvermydelik dat die predikante van die Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk meer moet fokus op Christelike etiek as op die uiterlike ontwikkeling van die kerk in hedendaagse Korea. Dus moet Koreaanse Protestantse predikers etiese prediking, waardeur Christene in die wereld sal probeer om Jesus se lewe en onderwysings voor God deur geloof te volg, oorweeg ten einde Christelike etiek in Korea te vestig.” In hoofstuk nege het ons breedvoerig verduidelik wat etiese prediking behels, d.w.s. ons het die noodsaaklikheid van etiese prediking ingelei en dit tesame met die komponente daarvan gedefinieer. Ons het in besonder die uniekheid van die wereld se posisie en funksie beklemtoon aangesien boosheid die wereld in terme van etiese prediking beheer omdat mense gevange geneem is deur die veelvoudige magte of eietydse, met hul verbonde sosiale werklikhede en hulle nie anders kan as om Christelike etiese probleme in die wereld voort te bring nie. Verder het ons die volgende voorgestel: “Ons het duidelik die harmonie van Campbell en Long se homiletiese standpunte nodig ten einde die beste raamwerk vir etiese prediking vir hedendaagse Korea te skep.” In hoofstuk tien het ons die kritiese vergelyking getref tussen en gereflekteer op die homiletiese uitgangspunte van Campbell en Long in terme van etiese prediking. Voorts het ons ʼn nuwe metode van etiese prediking vir hedendaagse Korea ontwikkel. In hoofstuk elf het ons sekere voorstelle betreffende die manier waarop etiese prediking in hedendaagse Korea gedoen sou kon word aangebied, d.w.s. ons het daarna gestrewe om ʼn prediking se oorsig van etiese prediking met ʼn nuutgevormde raamwerk saam te stel. Dus, met Lukas 8:22-39 het ons gefokus op “die verdeling van Korea in Noord en Suid” en met Lukas 10:25-37, “rassistiese vooroordeel teenoor gekleurde buitelandse arbeiders” deur van die nuutgevormde metode van etiese prediking gebruik te maak. In hoofstuk twaalf het ons die dissertasie saamgevat en afgesluit. Ons het, betrekking tot die homiletiese landskap in Korea, vier voordele wat ons studie kan bied voorgestel. Enersyds het ons sekere tekortkominge van ons studie soos volg uitgewys: “Jesus Christus en die etiese kwessies van die Ou Testament” en “die verhouding tussen ons etiese predikingswyse en Christelike aanbidding, veral liturgie”. In hierdie hoofstuk het ons dus die bogenoemde punte as voorstelle vir toekomstige navorsing voorgestel.

This doctoral thesis entails a research project to determine whether grass roots preachers in a southern Africa context can be instructed to prepare effective expository sermons. In order to make that determination it was necessary to first collect and analyze expository sermons from such preachers prior to any instruction. Then, on the basis of instruction in expository preaching in a seminar format, it was necessary to collect and analyze additional sermons from the same preachers. To that end we conducted two five-day seminars in Zimbabwe and South Africa respectively. The content of those seminars included two major elements. The first was a theology of preaching that is detailed in Chapter 1. Within a theology of preaching we have given treatment to various topics including the need for a theology of preaching, the Old Testament basis for preaching, the New Testament mandate for preaching, a definition and defense of expository preaching, and a discussion of the necessary qualities of effective expository preaching. The second element of the seminars involved a method of preaching detailed in Chapter 2. Within the method of preaching we have given treatment to various topics, including the role of the Holy Spirit in preaching, exegesis of the sermon text, and making the transition from the text to the completed sermon. Given the foundational material of Chapters 1 and 2, we developed the seminar materials found in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 includes the schedules by which the sermons were analyzed. Each sermon was subjected to the same schedule to determine its effectiveness as an expository sermon. Those results are then analyzed in Chapter 5 leading to the conclusion that grass roots preachers in a southern Africa context can indeed be instructed to preach effective expository sermons.<br>Practical Theologyy<br>D. Th. (Practical Theology)

Chapter Three emphasizes Joseph Smith's exposure to Methodist sermon culture, within the context of exploring the preaching styles and oral performances of evangelical preachers in the Burned-Over District of Western New York. A close analysis of Baptist, Methodist, and Presbyterian preaching techniques illustrates the ubiquitous method of laying down heads and the practice of semi-extemporaneous sermon delivery. The chapter also addresses the extemporaneous preacher's method of preparation through the study of scriptures and other religious writings, as a way of "treasuring up the word of God" and building a mental storehouse of ideas for impromptu delivery. The chapter also explores the specific influence of Methodist sermon culture on Smith, who joined a local Methodist class and trained as a Methodist exhorter. Within this tradition, the influence of George Whitefield, John Wesley, and Adam Clarke are reviewed.

I intend to examine the linguistic strategy used by ISIS as a means through which it creates the concept of the Muslim Ummah, which seeks to emphasize the unity of an international Muslim community based off the power of Islam. I apply a Critical Discourse Analysis for the study of Baghdadi's sermon on 4 July 2014 where he declared the establishment of the Caliphate and himself as the Caliph. Baghdadi's discourse creates a new communal identity from a Muslim populace who may have felt marginalized due to their religion in their countries of residence. It is through this discourse that he structures the Ummah loyal to the Caliphate in two ways: a) by summoning Islam to create a singular global Muslim body and the establishment of a Caliphate; and b) the structuring of an indiscriminate opponent, one that conflicts with the “camp of Islam”. The method of convincing and generating consent – of institutionalizing jihad - goes beyond propaganda; it necessitates the formation of an entirely novel lexicon, a narrative that fosters support while concurrently quashing any singular qualms.

I intend to examine the linguistic strategy used by ISIS as a means through which it creates the concept of the Muslim Ummah, which seeks to emphasize the unity of an international Muslim community based off the power of Islam. I apply a Critical Discourse Analysis for the study of Baghdadi's sermon on 4 July 2014 where he declared the establishment of the Caliphate and himself as the Caliph. Baghdadi's discourse creates a new communal identity from a Muslim populace who may have felt marginalized due to their religion in their countries of residence. It is through this discourse that he structures the Ummah loyal to the Caliphate in two ways: a) by summoning Islam to create a singular global Muslim body and the establishment of a Caliphate; and b) the structuring of an indiscriminate opponent, one that conflicts with the “camp of Islam”. The method of convincing and generating consent – of institutionalizing jihad - goes beyond propaganda; it necessitates the formation of an entirely novel lexicon, a narrative that fosters support while concurrently quashing any singular qualms.

I intend to examine the linguistic strategy used by ISIS as a means through which it creates the concept of the Muslim Ummah, which seeks to emphasize the unity of an international Muslim community based off the power of Islam. I apply a Critical Discourse Analysis for the study of Baghdadi's sermon on 4 July 2014 where he declared the establishment of the Caliphate and himself as the Caliph. Baghdadi's discourse creates a new communal identity from a Muslim populace who may have felt marginalized due to their religion in their countries of residence. It is through this discourse that he structures the Ummah loyal to the Caliphate in two ways: a) by summoning Islam to create a singular global Muslim body and the establishment of a Caliphate; and b) the structuring of an indiscriminate opponent, one that conflicts with the “camp of Islam”. The method of convincing and generating consent – of institutionalizing jihad - goes beyond propaganda; it necessitates the formation of an entirely novel lexicon, a narrative that fosters support while concurrently quashing any singular qualms.