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Journal articles on the topic 'Helianthus annuum L'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 February 2022

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1

Vindyashree, M., M. R. Govindappa, V. N. Ghante, D. S. Aswathanarayana, and I. Shankergoud. "Biological and molecular evidences on host range of leaf curl begomovirus disease of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 7, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v7i1.620.

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The present study was conducted to identify the alternate hosts of new leaf curl virus disease of sunflower. In the present study several crops and weed hosts were cross inoculated with leaf curl virus of sunflower under laboratory through insect vector whitefly (Bemisia tabaci), further all inoculated samples were retested (3-4 weeks after inoculation) by molecular based Polymerse chain reaction diagnosis for the presence of virus. The results revealed that the causal virus of the disease was successfully transmitted from sunflower to sunflower (Helianthus annuus), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L) and weed hosts such as Acanthospermum hispidum, Amaranthus viridis and Parthenium hysterophorus in a short incubation period (2-3 weeks after inoculation), while on other hosts Chilli (Capsicum annuum L) and Datura stramonium, infection occurs in delayed incubation period. Further molecular analysis thorough polymerase chain reaction (PCR) diagnostic technique using virus specific primers also confirmed the presence of coat protein (CP) of leaf curl begomovirus invirus inoculated hosts viz., chilli, sunflower, tomato, and tobacco and weed hosts such as Acanthospermum hispidum, Amaranthus viridis, Datura stramonium and Parthenium hysterophorus. Thus, findings substantiate that the above hosts are major sources of the virus inoculum and served as potential alternate hosts of the disease during the off season.

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2

Nikolova, Liudmila, Pepa Shindrova, and Valentina Entcheva. "RESISTANCE TO DISEASES, OBTAINED THROUGH INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION / RESISTENCIA A LAS ENFERMEDADES OBTENIDA POR LA HIBRIDIZACION INTERSPECIES / RÉSISTANCE À LA MALADIE OBTENUE PAR HYBRIDATION INTERSPECIES." helia 23, no. 33 (December 2000): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/helia.2000.23.33.57.

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SUMMARY Two accessions of the wild species Helianthus annuus L., GT-E-112 and GT-E-126, carried genes for resistance to Plasmopara helianthi Novot., Phomopsis helianthi Munt.-Cvet. et al. and Orobanche cumana Wallr. The material produced by interspecific hybridization with susceptible cultivated sunflower showed resistance to the three pathogens. Some progenies were resistant to two pathogens simultaneously. Self pollination helped to increase the percentage of resistance up to 100%. Accessions GT-E-112 and GT-E-126 of the wild species Helianthus annuus could be successfully used as donors for resistance to Plasmopara helianthi, Phomopsis helianthi and Orobanche cumana.

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3

Velásquez-Valle, R. "Geographic and Host Range of Meloidogyne spp. in North Central Mexico." Plant Disease 85, no. 4 (April 2001): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2001.85.4.445a.

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A disease survey carried out in 1998, 1999, and 2000 in the states of Aguascalientes, San Luis Potosí, and Zacatecas revealed the dispersal of Meloidogyne spp in this region of Mexico. Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Mirasol type plants showing general chlorosis, root rot, and galls were observed in central Zacatecas and western San Luis Potosí. Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants (Landrace Flor de Mayo) collected in western San Luis Potosí and Aguascalientes also showed root galls. Roots of squash (Cucurbita spp) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants that showed galled roots were found under dryland conditions in northern Zacatecas. Nursery peach (Prunus persica L.) plantlets with no foliar symptoms but showing severe root galling were detected in Zacatecas. Perineal patterns of Meloidogyne females obtained from those galled roots were coincident with those of M. incognita according to pictoral keys (1). This is the first report of M. incognita affecting these hosts in that region of the country. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) plants collected in Aguascalientes showed galls caused by Meloidogyne spp; this is the first report of this nematode affecting alfalfa in the state. Volunteer onion (Allium cepa L., ‘Grano Blanco’) plants growing in a squash field in eastern Zacatecas had galled roots; a few Meloidogyne spp. females were obtained from small galls. This is the first report of the root-knot nematode affecting onion plants in north central México. Onion is known to be a host for several species of this nematode (2). Stunted, chlorotic squash plants had roots severely galled by Meloidogyne spp, but pepper crops growing in the same field in previous years showed general chlorosis, reduced size, and poor yield did not have root galls. References: (1) Eisenback, J. D., et al. 1983. Guia para la identificación de las cuatro especiales más comunes del nematodo agallador (Meloidogyne spp.) con una clave pictorica. International Meloidogyne Project, Raleigh, NC. (2) Schwartz, H. F., and Mohan, S. K. 1995. Compendium of onion and garlic diseases. American Phytopathological Society. St. Paul. MN.

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4

Kostenkova, E. V., and A. S. Bushnev. "Helianthus annuus L. hybrid ideotype." TAURIDA HERALD OF THE AGRARIAN SCIENCES 2(26) (August 3, 2021): 116–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2021-2-26-116-126.

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The issue of determining the ideotype of sunflower varieties and hybrids is relevant not only for breeding but also for cultivation in new environmental conditions. The aim of our research was to evaluate the genotypes according to ecological adaptability and establish the parameters of the sunflower ideotype for the arid conditions of the Crimean steppe zone. The studies were conducted in 2017-2020 at the Field Crop Department, FSBSI “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea” (village of Klepinino). Soil – chernozem southern low humus. Materials for the research – sunflower hybrids: ‘Garant’, ‘Komandor’, ‘Signal’, ‘Paritet’, ‘Prestizh’ (standard), ‘Sprint’, ‘Sprint 2’, ‘Gorstar’, ‘Kometa’ (bred in the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Oil Crops by the name of Pustovoit V.S.” (VNIIMK)). The experiment was replicated four times. The total area of the trial plot is 56 m2, the accounting area – 28 m2. Plant density – 40 thousand plants per ha. The harvest was brought to 100% purity; the seeds – to 10% moisture content. The linear regression coefficient (plasticity) of the yield of hybrids (bi) and the standard deviation (stability) (Ϭd2) were calculated according to S. A. Eberhart and W. A. Russell. Favourable weather conditions were in 2017 (Ij = +0.21) and 2019 (Ij = +1.04). Hybrids ‘Komandor’, ‘Garant’, ‘Sprint 2’ and ‘Gorstar’ are more responsive to the improvement of growing conditions (bi>1); variety ‘Kometa’ – weakly responsive (bi<1). When cultivation conditions changed, the yield of the hybrids ‘Signal’, ‘Paritet’, ‘Prestizh’ and ‘Sprint’ varied (bi = 1). In terms of yield, the most stable is ‘Kometa’ (Ϭd2 = 0.48); the most unstable – ‘Komandor’ (Ϭd2 = 2.19). According to the long-term field research, we have identified the parameters of the optimal model of a sunflower hybrid for cultivation in the Crimea: growing season length – 92–98 days, plant height – 161–166 cm, 1000-seeds weight – 69.5–83.0 g, productive area of the capitula (flower head) – 313–379 cm2, yield – 2.26–2.49 t/ha, oil content – 45–47%, as well as god responsiveness to the growing conditions improvement.

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5

Туреханова, А., Қ. Тоштай, М. Дуйсебаева, Т. Тұрсонжан, and Ж. Жеңіс. "THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L." Farmaciâ Kazahstana, no. 2 (July 7, 2021): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.53511/pharmkaz.2021.50.42.016.

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Согласно литературным данным, подсолнечное масло богато полезными веществами, однако, в зависимости от степени очистки масла, количество этих компонентов варьируется. В данном исследовании был изучен дистиллят жирных кислот подсолнечного масла. Согласно полученным данным, более 40% состава кислот приходится на линолевую кислоту с F-витаминной активностью. В большом количестве содержатся стерины, составляющие 44% неомыляемого остатка. Токоферолы составляют 9% неомыляемого остатка, 93% из них приходится на a-токоферол. Helianthus annuus L необходим для приготовления натурального мыла, сочетает в себе способ приготовления медицинского мыла с технологией производства. Экстракт из стебля растения. Это свежее натуральное мыло содержит много полезных микро-и макроэлементов, биологически активные соединения и макро - и микроэлементы растения Helianthus annuus L были определены атомно-эмиссионным методом. Основными из них были K (44,9 мг/г), (377,745 мг/г), Na (3,91 мг/г), (7,56 мг/г) и Mg (3,06 мг/г), (1,495 мг/г). Эти элементы полезны для нашего организма и обладают целебными свойствами. Кроме того, в составе растения H. Annuus L. были определены биологически активные вещества, такие как флавоноиды, алкалоиды, органические кислоты, кумарины и витамины. Эти выявленные данные позволяют получать мыло с высоким качеством, а также целебными свойствами. Helianthus annuus L salt, which is necessary for the preparation of natural soap, combines the method of preparation of medical soap production technology. The extract from the stem of the plant. This fresh natural soap contains many useful micro and macronutrients, biologically active compounds and macro - and microelements of the plant Helianthus annuus L were determined by atomicemission method. Main of them were K (44.9 mg/g), (377.745 mg/g), Na (3.91 mg/g), (7.56 mg/g) and Mg (3.06 mg/g), (1.495 mg/g). These elements are useful for our body and have healing properties. In addition, biologically active substances such as fiavonoids, alkaloids, organic acids, coumarins, and vitamins were found in the composition of the plant H. annuus L. These identied data allow us to obtain soap with a high composition and quality and healing properties

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Olsen, J. K., J. T. Schaefer, D. G. Edwards, M. N. Hunter, V. J. Galea, and L. M. Muller. "Effects of mycorrhizae, established from an existing intact hyphal network, on the growth response of capsicum (Capsicum annuum L.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) to five rates of applied phosphorus." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 50, no. 2 (1999): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a97167.

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The growth response of 2 vegetable crops to 5 rates of applied phosphorus (P)in the presence or absence of an existing network of extraradical mycorrhizalmycelium was determined in 2 greenhouse pot experiments (Expt 1, autumnwinter; Expt 2, summer autumn) using a low-P growth medium (6 or 5 mgNaHCO3-extractable P/kg for Expt 1 or 2,respectively). In both experiments, capsicum(Capsicum annuum L.) and tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plants were grown at 0(P1 ), 9.2 (P2), 27.5(P3 ), 82.5 (P4 ), or 248(P5) mg P/kg oven-dry soil (spot-placed at sowing)within a nylon mesh (pore size 44 µm). The mesh excluded roots from theoriginal sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) host plants,to which either live (VAM+) or killed (VAM–) mycorrhizal[Glomus etunicatum Becker & Gerdemann andGlomus mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd.) Gerdemann & Trappe] inoculum was added at sowing. The mesh did allow fungal hyphae togrow into the growth medium contained by the mesh.Whereas VAM+ plants generally had higher P concentrations in indextissues than VAM– plants at low P rates, a concomitant increase in drymatter yield was restricted to the P1 rate. AtP1 in Expt 2, the increase in the dry weight of wholeplants as a result of VAM colonisation was as large as 91.7-fold and 17.9-foldfor capsicum and tomato, respectively. Root starch analysis indicated that thelower dry matter yields of VAM+ plants than of VAM– plants at≥P2 could be attributed to insufficient photosynthateproduction by VAM+ plants to meet the carbon (C) demand of both host andendophytes within the relatively low-light environment of the greenhouse(average daily solar irradiance of 8.4 MJ/m2 forExpt 1 and 13.4 MJ/m2 for Expt 2).The growth response of vegetable crops grown within the greenhouse fromcolonisation by an established mycorrhizal mycelium appears to depend on acritical balance of P and C supply; i.e. at P1, P wasmore limiting than C, and the increased uptake of P as a result ofcolonisation of plant roots by VAM resulted in a growth response. At higher Prates, C was more limiting than P due to low light in the greenhouse, and theadditional demand for photosynthate imposed by the endophytes on the hostresulted in a growth depression relative to non-mycorrhizal plants.

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7

Škarpa, P., E. Kunzová, and H. Zukalová. "Foliar fertilization with molybdenum in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)." Plant, Soil and Environment 59, No. 4 (March 21, 2013): 156–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/663/2012-pse.

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The objective of the vegetation experiment established in 2008–2011 was to explore the effect of the time and dose of foliar molybdenum (Mo) application on the yield and quality of sunflower. Four treatments were established in the experiment: (1) control – not fertilised with Mo; (2) application of 125 g Mo/ha in the growing stage of 4 developed leaves (V-4); (3) application of 125 g Mo/ha at the beginning of elongation growth (R-1), and (4) split rate of Mo application of 62 g Mo/ha at stage V-4 (4 developed leaves) and 62 g Mo/ha at stage R-1 (terminal bud forms). Foliar application of molybdenum increased the biomass production of sunflower plants and its content in dry matter. A statistically significant effect of molybdenum foliar application on sunflower yields was found. Foliar application of Mo up to a dose of 125 g Mo/ha at the beginning of vegetation (stage V-4) and developmental stage R-1 increased yields of achenes. The relative increase in the oil content after foliar nutrition was not significant and ranged between 1.4% and 2.6%. Oil production increased due to increased yields and stabilised oil content. Foliar application of molybdenum had no effect on the content of oleic acid.

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8

Makarenko, Maksim, Alexander Usatov, Tatiana Tatarinova, Kirill Azarin, Alexey Kovalevich, Vera Gavrilova, and Renate Horn. "The Investigation of Perennial Sunflower Species (Helianthus L.) Mitochondrial Genomes." Genes 11, no. 9 (August 24, 2020): 982. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11090982.

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The genus Helianthus is a diverse taxonomic group with approximately 50 species. Most sunflower genomic investigations are devoted to economically valuable species, e.g., H. annuus, while other Helianthus species, especially perennial, are predominantly a blind spot. In the current study, we have assembled the complete mitogenomes of two perennial species: H. grosseserratus (273,543 bp) and H. strumosus (281,055 bp). We analyzed their sequences and gene profiles in comparison to the available complete mitogenomes of H. annuus. Except for sdh4 and trnA-UGC, both perennial sunflower species had the same gene content and almost identical protein-coding sequences when compared with each other and with annual sunflowers (H. annuus). Common mitochondrial open reading frames (ORFs) (orf117, orf139, and orf334) in sunflowers and unique ORFs for H. grosseserratus (orf633) and H. strumosus (orf126, orf184, orf207) were identified. The maintenance of plastid-derived coding sequences in the mitogenomes of both annual and perennial sunflowers and the low frequency of nonsynonymous mutations point at an extremely low variability of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) coding sequences in the Helianthus genus.

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Syvoded, Ye V., O. V. Kolesnichenko, and S. M. Hrysiuk. "Accumulation and identification of secondary metabolites from the fungus Diaporthe (Phomopsis) helianthi Munt.-Cvet. et al." Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 10, no. 5 (October 20, 2020): 166–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2020_225.

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The study presents variability in the qualitative composition and quantitative indicators of secondary mycelium metabolites of the fungus Diaporthe (Phomopsis) helianthi Munt.-Cvet. et al., the most harmful plant pest of Helianthus annuus L. Toxicity of secondary metabolites of D. helianthi was analyzed by determining the average length of seedling shoots of Triticum aestivum L. test object grown on fungus filtrates of different cultivation dates. The maximum toxic effect of D. helianthi was recorded during the germination of Triticum aestivum L. seedlings on a 17-day filtrate of pure mycelium culture of the fungus. The mean length of wheat seedlings in this variant of the experiment decreased by 3.5 times compared with the control and 3.3 times compared with the filtrate of the culture medium of 7 days of cultivation. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) identified secondary metabolites of D. helianthi as fomosin, fomopsolides, cytosporones, and xanthones. There was a redistribution of secondary metabolites due to increase in number of cytosporones, decrease in content of fomopsolides, and termination of xanthone synthesis with increasing time of cultivation of fomopsis mycelium, under conditions of relatively stable indicators of fomosin content.

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Sergeeva, Daria V., and Pyotr P. Purygin. "The influence of the magnetoplasma install on growth parameters of sunflower Helianthus annuus L." Butlerov Communications 58, no. 4 (April 30, 2019): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/19-58-4-72.

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The study assessed the impact of magnetic plasma installation YMPO-2 on sunflower seeds treated with petroleum products of different concentrations (0.5%, 0.9%, 2.9%, 4.7%). The plant generates a gradient magnetic field with variable induction from 50 to 300 GS and is equipped with a powerful source of UV radiation with a wave range of 248-340 nm, which has a strong bactericidal effect, and the magnetic field is able to activate vital processes in seeds. The analyzed parameters of sunflower: seed germination (total and daily), growth energy and length of seedlings. The positive effect of the gradient magnetic field, ultraviolet radiation and ozone, created by a powerful magnetic inductor, was revealed due to the observation of sunflower growth parameters for 30 days. Under the influence of UMPO-2 increases the permeability of cell membranes, resulting in changes in the concentration of substances in plant cells, increases the rate of chemical reactions and increases water absorption of seeds. According to the results of the experiment, the stimulating effect of the magnetoplasmic installation on germination, growth energy and length of seedlings was noted not only on healthy sunflower seeds, but also on seeds treated with petroleum products in four different concentrations (0.5%, 0.9%, 2.9%, 4.7% kerosene). When germinating seeds with the addition of kerosene to the substrate, the deterioration of agrochemical properties of the soil was noted, as a result, the growth of stems and other vegetative organs of sunflower was delayed. However, the seeds with added oil, treated with magnetic plasma installation UMPO-2, germinated together, the growth delay was noted slight. Also, after the impact of UMPO-2 on seeds not treated with petroleum products, positive dynamics of growth within 30 days, maximum germination and germination energy were revealed.

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Prytula, N. "The feasibility of using sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) as a phytoindicator of anthropogenic load of the environment." Visnyk of Lviv University. Biological series, no. 84 (July 19, 2021): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vlubs.2021.84.06.

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The phytoindication properties of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) as a possible bioindicator of anthropogenic load of the territory are analyzed in the article by means of a technique of estimation of size of fluctuating asymmetry of a leaf plate of plants. The influence of the spatial location of sunflower crops and the influence of genotype on the development of morphometric traits of plants were studied. The study was conducted in late July 2019–2020, when the vegetative organs of sunflower reached their maximum development. The material was selected for research at nine points (nine fields) located in the Zaporizhzhia region, at different distances and in different directions from the industrial zone of Zaporizhzhia (Zavodsky district). To study the influence of genotype on the morphological characteristics of sunflower, a study of eight hybrids that grew under the same conditions in the demonstration area in Vasylivka district of Zaporizhzhia region was conducted. The integrated index of fluctuating asymmetry of sunflower was in the range of 0.062–0.114, with the largest indicator of fluctuating asymmetry was observed in the area closest to the industrial zone of Zaporizhzhia – north of Zaporizhzhia. The lowest rate was observed in the area – 5 – east of Zaporizhzhia. The integrated index of fluctuating asymmetry of sunflower hybrids grown in the same soil and climatic conditions in the demonstration area ranged from 0.070 to 0.093. Based on research conducted in 2019–2020, we concluded that the species sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), despite its distribution, is not suitable for use as a bioindication plant in the study of the level of man-made load in the area. We obtained significant differences in the development of morphometric parameters of sunflower leaves (Helianthus annuus L.) grown in areas far from the industrial zone of Zaporizhzhia. Hybrids, which differed in morpho-economic characteristics, were grown in the same soil and climatic conditions and with the same agricultural techniques, on the demonstration site, also showed significant fluctuations in the integral index of fluctuating asymmetry.

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12

Tan, A. S. "Identification of rust (Puccinia helianthi Schw.) races in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in Turkey." Helia 33, no. 53 (2010): 181–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hel1053181t.

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FRIESEN, G. H., and D. A. WALL. "WILD MUSTARD CONTROL IN SUNFLOWER WITH FLURTAMONE." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 70, no. 4 (October 1, 1990): 1195–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps90-147.

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Flurtamone applied preplant soil incorporated at 0.6 and 0.8 kg a.i. ha−1 selectively controlled wild mustard, Brassica kaber (DC) Wheeler var. pinnatifida (Stokes) Wheeler, in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. ’Hybrid Sun M20’) in field experiments at Morden, Manitoba from 1987 to 1989. Mixtures of flurtamone and trifluralin or ethalfluralin did not reduce the efficacy of flurtamone and controlled a broad range of annual weeds. Flurtamone had no significant effect on sunflower seedling emergence, achene yields, achene weight, achene density, or oil content.Key words: Wild mustard, Sinapis arvensis, Brassica kaber, sunflower, Helianthus annuus, flurtamone, RE-40885

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Kantar, Michael, Kevin Betts, Brent S. Hulke, Robert M. Stupar, and Donald Wyse. "Breaking Tuber Dormancy in Helianthus tuberosus L. and Interspecific Hybrids of Helianthus annuus L. × Helianthus tuberosus." HortScience 47, no. 9 (September 2012): 1342–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.9.1342.

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Tubers of Helianthus tuberosus L. are dormant after production in the late fall until the next spring. In the wild, tuber dormancy is broken after exposure to winter cold, resulting in sprouting and shoot development in the spring when conditions are favorable. The dormancy period typically limits H. tuberosus populations to one growth cycle per year. An efficient method for breaking tuber dormancy is needed to have an additional growth cycle per year in a breeding program, which could take place in winter in the nursery or the greenhouse allowing for increased breeding efficiency. The objective of this research was to compare chemical and cold temperature treatments for artificially breaking tuber dormancy in 12 genotypes of H. tuberosus and interspecific hybrids of Helianthus annuus L. × H. tuberosus. Five cold exposures (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 weeks at 2 °C), three plant hormones (ethylene, cytokinin, and gibberellic acid), and one untreated control were examined. Gibberellic acid was the best chemical treatment, initiating plant growth within 6.5 to 11.5 days in the majority of genotypes tested. The best cold treatment was exposure to 2 °C for 8 weeks, where plant growth began 63.6 to 67.5 days after treatment initiation. Although longer cold treatments shortened the time to emergence while in the greenhouse, the penalty of the long cold treatment per se was too long to be useful. The gibberellic acid treatment strategy described here may not need further optimization, because it is short enough to allow for two growth cycles of H. tuberosus per year.

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Mathew, Febina M., Kholoud M. Alananbeh, James G. Jordahl, Scott M. Meyer, Lisa A. Castlebury, Thomas J. Gulya, and Samuel G. Markell. "Phomopsis Stem Canker: A Reemerging Threat to Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in the United States." Phytopathology® 105, no. 7 (July 2015): 990–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-11-14-0336-fi.

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Phomopsis stem canker causes yield reductions on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) on several continents, including Australia, Europe, and North America. In the United States, Phomopsis stem canker incidence has increased 16-fold in the Northern Great Plains between 2001 and 2012. Although Diaporthe helianthi was assumed to be the sole causal agent in the United States, a newly described species, D. gulyae, was found to be the primary cause of Phomopsis stem canker in Australia. To determine the identity of Diaporthe spp. causing Phomopsis stem canker in the Northern Great Plains, 275 infected stems were collected between 2010 and 2012. Phylogenetic analyses of sequences of the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region, elongation factor subunit 1-α, and actin gene regions of representative isolates, in comparison with those of type specimens, confirmed two species (D. helianthi and D. gulyae) in the United States. Differences in aggressiveness between the two species were determined using the stem-wound method in the greenhouse; overall, D. helianthi and D. gulyae did not vary significantly (P ≤ 0.05) in their aggressiveness at 10 and 14 days after inoculation. These findings indicate that both Diaporthe spp. have emerged as sunflower pathogens in the United States, and have implications on the management of this disease.

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Ramaraju, D., A. B. Rajguru, H. J. Rajput, and R. D. Nimbalkar. "Heterosis Studies in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 8, no. 09 (September 10, 2019): 2155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.809.249.

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Larfeil, C., G. Dechamp-Guillaume, and G. Barrault. "Phoma macdonaldii boerema / Helianthus annuus L. interaction." Helia 25, no. 36 (2002): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hel0236153l.

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18

Goksoy, A. T., A. Turkec, and Z. M. Turan. "Quantitative inheritance in sunflower (helianthus annuus l.)." Helia 25, no. 37 (2002): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hel0237131g.

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19

Kaya, Y., D. Baltensperger, L. Nelson, and J. Miller. "Maturity grouping in sunflower, Helianthus annuus L." Helia 27, no. 40 (2004): 257–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hel0440257k.

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Yalcin, Kaya. "Hybrid vigor in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)." Helia 28, no. 43 (2005): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hel0543077k.

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Srivastava, Richa, and G. K. Srivastava. "Autopolyploids of Helianthus annuus L. var. morden." CYTOLOGIA 67, no. 2 (2002): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.67.213.

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Durante, M., R. Bernardi, M. C. Lupi, and P. Sabelli. "Characterization of Helianthus annuus L. storage proteins." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 37, no. 4 (July 1989): 852–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf00088a004.

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23

Brunel, D. "A microsatellite marker in Helianthus annuus L." Plant Molecular Biology 24, no. 2 (January 1994): 397–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00020177.

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24

Smith, Bruce D. "The domestication of Helianthus annuus L. (sunflower)." Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 23, no. 1 (February 15, 2013): 57–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00334-013-0393-3.

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Todorova, M., M. Dahlhoff, and W. Friedt. "Microspore Culture in Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.)." Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment 7, no. 4 (January 1993): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13102818.1993.10818712.

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Halme, G. "Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.) Transformation: An Assessment." Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment 7, no. 4 (January 1993): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13102818.1993.10818715.

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27

Everett, N. P., K. E. P. Robinson, and D. Mascarenhas. "Genetic Engineering of Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.)." Nature Biotechnology 5, no. 11 (November 1987): 1201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt1187-1201.

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28

Ambrosini, Adriana, Fernando Hayashi Sant’Anna, Júlia Heinzmann, Gabriela de Carvalho Fernandes, Evelise Bach, and Luciane Maria Pereira Passaglia. "Paenibacillus helianthi sp. nov., a nitrogen fixing species isolated from the rhizosphere of Helianthus annuus L." Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 111, no. 12 (August 2, 2018): 2463–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10482-018-1135-4.

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29

Irshad, Gulshan, Hira Gazal, Farah Naz, Imran Hassan, Amir Bashir, and Salman Ghuffar. "DETECTION AND IN-VITRO MANAGEMENT OF SEED BORNE MYCOFLORA ASSOCIATED WITH SUNFLOWER AND ZINNIA." Pakistan Journal of Phytopathology 29, no. 1 (July 12, 2017): 07. http://dx.doi.org/10.33866/phytopathol.029.01.0303.

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The present study was conducted to detect seed borne mycoflora associated with seven cultivars of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and five cultivars of Zinnia (Zinnia elegans L.) by using Agar and Blotter paper methods. A total 12 genera of fungi were detected including; Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium sp., Stemphylium helianthi, Penicillium sp., Fusarium oxysporum, Mucor sp., Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium solani, Rhizocotonia solani and Rhizopus sp. The detected fungi depleted germination 10-30%, 10-20% and seedling mortality 10-17%, 10-12%. in sunflower and Zinnia respectively. A comparative study was designed to evaluate three fungicides to control seed mycoflora at the rate of of 1.5g/kg, 2.0g/kg, 2.5g/kg, 3.0g/kg, Maximum germination percentage was attained in case of seed dressing with Topsin M-70 followed by Bayton and Dithane M-45 at the rate of 3.0g/kg.

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GUBBELS, G. H., and W. DEDIO. "YIELD AND SEED QUALITY OF SUNFLOWER HYBRIDS IN RESPONSE TO A PAIRED-ROW SEEDING PATTERN." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 69, no. 4 (October 1, 1989): 1255–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps89-148.

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Four oilseed sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids, varying widely in growth habit, were grown with rows uniformly spaced at 45 cm and in a paired-row arrangement, alternating 30 cm with 60 cm, in 1986 and 1987 at Morden, Manitoba. Soil moisture conditions were adequate in both seasons. There were no significant differences in achene yield between the row spacing treatments.Key words: Sunflower, Helianthus annuus L., row spacing, paired rows

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31

Aziz, Hussein Muhammed, and Sarkawt Hama Salih. "Response of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) to Different Planting Dates under Suliamani Region Condition." Journal of Zankoy Sulaimani - Part A 16, special (October 10, 2013): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17656/jzs.10309.

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32

عبد الكريـم توفيق, أروى. "تأثير الكثافات النباتية في نمو وحاصل زهرة الشـمس Helianthus annuus L." iraq journal of market research and consumer protection 11, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.28936/jmracpc11.2.2019.(8).

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33

Önemli, F. "The effects of soil organic matter on seedling emergence in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)." Plant, Soil and Environment 50, No. 11 (December 10, 2011): 494–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4064-pse.

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Seedling emergence is one of the most important factors in the establishment of optimum plant density for a maximum yield. Seed quality and seedbed conditions affect seedling emergence. Seedbed condition is affected by soil content, especially soil organic matter. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of soil organic matter on germination and seedling emergence of three hybrid sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars. This research was conducted in 2000 and2001 in field and glasshouse conditions. Perlite and 20 soils with different organic matter contents were used as seedbed conditions. Soil organic matter, environment, and soil organic matter × environment factors had significant effects on seedling emergence. Decreasing soil organic matter content resulted in a decrease of seedling emergence due to the decreases in water content of the soil. This effect was clearer in adverse environmental conditions, especially in the soils with less than 2% organic matter.  

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Ducournau, S., A. Feutry, P. Plainchault, P. Revollon, B. Vigouroux, and M. H. Wagner. "Using computer vision to monitor germination time course of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seeds." Seed Science and Technology 33, no. 2 (July 1, 2005): 329–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15258/sst.2005.33.2.06.

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35

BORGES, Bernardo Melo Montes Nogueira, Fábio Teixeira LUCAS, and José Mauro Valente PAES. "PHENOLOGY ASSESSMENT OF CULTIVARS OF SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) IN UBERABA, STATE OF MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL – HARVEST 2009." Nucleus 10, no. 2 (October 30, 2013): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3738/1982.2278.859.

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GUBBELS, G. H., and W. DEDIO. "RESPONSE OF SUNFLOWER HYBRIDS TO ROW SPACING." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 68, no. 4 (October 1, 1988): 1125–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps88-134.

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An early- and a late-maturing oilseed sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrid were grown at 45- and 90-cm row spacings in the 1984 to 1986 seasons at Morden, Manitoba. In the 45-cm rows compared to the 90-cm rows, plant height was reduced approximately 9 cm, and achene yield was increased 14.5% for the early hybrid. Response of the late hybrid to row spacing was minimal.Key words: Oilseed sunflower, Helianthus annuus L., row spacing

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37

Tan, Ahmet Semsettin, and Yalcin Kaya. "Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genetic resources, production and researches in Turkey." OCL 26 (2019): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2019004.

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Sunflower is one of the leading oilseed crops and it is widely grown in the Thrace region of Turkey. In 2017, in Turkey as a whole, oilseed and confectionary sunflowers were grown on 779.622 ha with a total production of 1 964 385 t of seed, and average yields of 2.64 t ha−1 for oilseed and 1.67 t ha−1 for confectionary types. Turkey is one of the important countries for crop diversity and has been described as a microcenter for some crops, which originated in different parts of the world. Landraces of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) show significant diversity in Turkey and have been collected in the framework of the “National Industrial Plant Genetic Resources Project” (NPGRP). Nine hundred and thirty two oilseed and confectionary sunflower accessions are in longterm conservation in the National Seed Gene Bank of Turkey. The mission of the National Sunflower Research Project is to develop improved germplasm and hybrid varieties by conventional and biotechnical breeding techniques in Turkey. New germplasm and breeding lines have been developed to improve oilseed and confectionary sunflower hybrids with desired characters including high yield and oil quality, resistance to diseases such as: Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl de Toni., Puccinia helianthi Schw., and Orobanche cumana Walr. Adverse conditions are also taken under consideration. These studies are integrated with agronomic and other related research.

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38

GUBBELS, G. H., and W. DEDIO. "EFFECT OF PLANT DENSITY AND SOIL FERTILITY ON THE PERFORMANCE OF NONOIL SUNFLOWER." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 66, no. 3 (July 1, 1986): 801–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps86-099.

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The nonoil sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivar Sundak was grown at four plant densities and two soil fertility levels for 3 yr in the Morden, Manitoba area. Fertilizer increased achene yield in 2 of the 3 yr and increased achene size in 1 of the 3 yr. Achene size and weight decreased with increase in plant density. Achene yield reached a maximum at approximately 30 000 plants ha−1.Key words: Nonoil sunflower, Helianthus annuus L., plant density, soil fertility

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39

Iqbal, Maryam, Shabana Wagi, and Ambreen Ahmed. "Phyllospheric Bacterial Treatments Improve Growth in Helianthus annuus L." RADS Journal of Biological Research & Applied Sciences 9, no. 1 (September 11, 2018): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37962/jbas.v9i1.133.

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The current study focuses on the effect of variation in time of bacterial treatment during different growth phases of seeds on plant growth improvement using Helianthus annuus L. For this purpose, two phyllospheric auxin-producing bacterial strains Bacillus thuringiensis (E4) and Lysinobacillus fusiformis (E6) were used for bacterial treatment. Two experiments were conducted in the present work with pre-germination and post-germination inoculation treatments to seeds. A comparative analysis was made in order to find out the efficiency of Bacillus thuringiensis (E4) and Lysinobacillus fusiformis (E6) for improving growth of Helianthus annuus L. Post-germination treatments were found effective with Bacillus thuringiensis (E4) but Lysinobacillus fusiformis (E6) worked well in both treatments i.e., in pre-germination and in post-germination inoculation treatment.

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40

Rauf, S., H. A. Sadaqat, I. A. Khan, and R. Ahmed. "Genetic analysis of leaf hydraulics in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under drought stress." Plant, Soil and Environment 55, No. 2 (February 24, 2009): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/260-pse.

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Improvement in leaf hydraulics is directly related to the improvement of plant tolerance to drought stress. Therefore, a field and pot experiment was carried out to determine the type of genetic variability and selection of parental types on the basis of combining ability for leaf hydraulics. Genotypes showed similar performance in both experiments; higher values were shown by drought tolerant genotypes in all traits except for osmotic potential, which drought tolerant genotypes maintained lower. Osmotic adjustment in pot experiment showed the highest magnitude of additive type of genetic variability. Female showed a higher and significant contribution of general combining ability effects as compared to male; it suggests that within genotypes female rather than male mostly contribute for additive genes. AMES-10103 showed the highest general combining ability effects for traits such as turgor pressure and osmotic adjustment.

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41

Archybasava, Y. V., and R. P. Litvinovskaya. "Effect of epibrassinolide and its conjugates with sulfuric acid on growth and salt resistance of Helianthus annuus L." Vìsnik Harkìvsʹkogo nacìonalʹnogo agrarnogo unìversitetu. Serìâ Bìologiâ 2021, no. 2 (June 2021): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.35550/vbio2021.02.041.

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42

Zamanian, Maryam, and Mohammad Yazdandoost. "Influence of chemical fertilizers and bioinoculants on growth and yield of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)." Journal of Central European Agriculture 22, no. 2 (2021): 317–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/22.2.3106.

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43

Vedmedeva, K. V. "Inheritance of branching in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)." Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv 22 (September 9, 2018): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v22.918.

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Aim. The purpose of our research was to study genetic diversity and establish the inheritance of the branching trait in the collection of sunflower lines of the Institute of Oilseeds of the National Academy of Sciences. Methods. 47 lines were used as a material for studying the genetics of the branching feature. Methods of crossing with pre-castration, self-pollination and analysis of offspring were used. Results. In 25 lines, a monogenic recessive control of the trait of the upper branching to the continuous branch was established. In 9 lines of the collection, the sign of continuous branching is due to the dominant allele of the gene. In two lines, the presence of two genes of the dominant alleles of which cause the sign of continuous branching is established. In 1 lines, the trait of continuous branching is controlled by the dominant alleles of the three genes. In 5 lines, the sign of the basal branch is due to the recessive homozygote of one gene b2. In 4 lines, the trait of the basal branch is due to the recessive homozygote for the two genes b3 and b4. Conclusions. In total, four genes are found in our collection, recessive alleles of which cause branching and three genes whose dominant alleles cause branching.Keywords: genetics, sunflower, branching, gene, inheritance.

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44

Kakakhel, S. A., N. Islam ., M. Amjad ., and M. A. Malik . "Insect Pests Complex of Sunflower, Helianthus annuus L." Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 3, no. 4 (March 15, 2000): 669–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2000.669.671.

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45

Nandini, R., and C. Chikkadevaiah. "DNA fingerprinting of sunflower genotypes (Helianthus annuus L.)." Helia 28, no. 42 (2005): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hel0542009n.

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46

Vrbnicanin, S., D. Bozic, G. Malidza, N. Dusanic, D. Pavlovic, and M. Barac. "Tolerance of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) to imazethapyr." Helia 31, no. 48 (2008): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hel0848085v.

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47

Alba, V. "Pollen flow analysis in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)." Helia 32, no. 51 (2009): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hel0951011a.

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48

Cantamutto, M., M. Poverene, A. Presotto, D. Alvarez, S. Lenardon, R. Rodríguez, Martín Sánchez, et al. "The argentine wild Helianthus annuus L. genetic resource." Helia 33, no. 52 (2010): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hel1052047c.

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Kaur, Kirandeep, S. K. Dhillon, and B. S. Gill. "Microsatellite Based Genotyping of the Helianthus annuus L." International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Biotechnology 10, no. 6 (2017): 765. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2230-732x.2017.00094.8.

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., Masood Jan, Farhatul, Raziudin ., and Ghulam Hassan . "Combining Ability Analysis in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)." Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 8, no. 5 (April 15, 2005): 710–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2005.710.713.

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