Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Hematologic tests'
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Correa, Lincoln Lima 1971. "Avaliação de metazoarios parasitos de Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch, 1794) (Pisces: Erythrinidae) como potenciais indicadores de qualidade ambiental." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/315180.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: Este estudo teve como objetivo a associação entre os índices hematológicos de Hoplias malabaricus (traíra), o parasitismo por monogeneas e outras espécies de metazoários e os fatores ambientais. O estudo ocorreu nas lagoas do CEPTA/ICMBio, localizada no município de Pirassununga, SP (21º55'55"S e 47º22'37"W), no período de fevereiro de 2008 a março de 2009 em 187 traíras. Verificou-se que os parâmetros sanguíneos não sofreram alterações significativas em relação ao estágio de maturação, sexo, período de coleta e intensidade de infecção de monogeneas. Porém, os peixes apresentaram valores significativamente positivos para biometria peso/comprimento (r=0,89 e p<0,0001) e os parâmetros ambientais pH/temperatura (r=0,71 e p<0,0001). Verificou-se que os monogeneas não atuaram como indicador ambiental nas lagoas, porém os parâmetros hematológicos revelaram uma maior sensibilidade ao ambiente. Em relação à análise dos outros metazoários, verificou-se uma diferença significativa em relação ao estágio de maturação e intensidade de infecção na Lagoa I (p=0,002) e na Lagoa II não houve diferença. Houve correlação significativa entre peso do peixe e intensidade de infecção na Lagoa I (r=0,50; p<0,001) e entre comprimento e a intensidade de infecção dos metazoários (r=0,42; p<0,001). Contudo, a intensidade média de parasita diferiu significativamente entre as lagoas estudadas. Os metazoários presentes em H. malabaricus também não atuaram como indicador ambiental.
Abstract: This study aimed at the association between blood indexes of Hoplias malabaricus (betrayed), the parasitism by monogeneans and other metazoan species and environmental factors. The study took place in ponds CEPTA / ICMBio, located in the city of Pirassununga, SP (21 º 55'55 "S and 47 º 22'37" W), from February 2008 to March 2009 in 187 traíras. It was found that the blood parameters did not change significantly in relation to the stage of maturation, sex, time of collection and intensity of infection of monogeneans. But the fish had significantly positive for biometrics weight / length (r = 0.89 and p <0.0001) and the environmental parameter pH and temperature (r = 0.71 and p <0.0001). It was found that the monogeneans not acted as an environmental indicator in the lakes , but the haematological parameters showed a greater sensitivity to the environment. On the analysis of the Metazoa, there was a significant difference in the stage of ripeness and intensity of infection in the Lake I (p = 0.002) and in Lake II there was no difference. There was significant correlation between weight of fish and intensity of infection in the Lake I (r = 0.50, p <0.001) and between length and intensity of infection of metazoan (r = 0.42, p <0.001). However, the mean intensity of parasites differed significantly between the lakes studied. The metazoan present in H. malabaricus also did not act as an environmental indicator.
Mestrado
Mestre em Parasitologia
Jasmina, Grujić. "Značaj direktnog testa utroška antihumanog globulina u imunohematologiji." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Medicinski fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2015. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=92075&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Full textINTRODUCTION: Cytopenia is one of the main characteristics of many hematologic diseases. In routine use are methods of detecting the presence of antibodies in the serum or on red blood cells of patients. The application of direct consumption test of antihuman globulin is an efficient way to gain complete insight into the immunological events at all bloodlines, monitor the dynamics of the development of antibodies and disease progression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients samples were tested for: 1) direct antiglobulin test by micro agglutination method in the gel card (LISS) / Coombs ID. The result obtained by micro agglutination gel can be negative or positive, 2) direct consumption test of antihuman globulin in a test tube. Interpretation is performed by determining differences in titer of antihuman globulin by reading existing reactions of agglutination in samples of the patient and compare it to the results obtained with the samples of the healthy control persons. The test is considered positive if the difference in titres obtained AHG differs for at least two dilutions of a patient's cells compared to cells of healthy control persons. Statistical significance was analyzed by t-test, Spearman correlation coefficient. RESULTS: A total of 100 patients diagnosed withanemia, leukopenia, lymphoproliferative disease, thrombocytopenia, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, myelodysplastic syndrome, myasthenia gravis and systemic lupus erythematosus were analyzed before and after receiving treatment. Direct antiglobulin test was positive in 20% cases, while the direct consumption test of anti-human globulin was 51%, that is the difference of 31%. After treatment direct antiglobulin test remainedpositive in 18% of cases and direct consumption test of antihuman globulin was in 46%, which is 28% higher. Determining the relationship between the degree of cytopenia and consumption of anti-human globulin showed that all monitored parameters affect the level of consumption: hemoglobin (β = -0.579, p = 0.000), hematocrit (β = -0.568, p = 0.000), erythrocytes (β = -0.519 , p = 0.000), platelets (β = -0.617, p = 0.000) and leukocytes (β = -0.119, p = 0.237). It was also proved that if the values of observed parameters are higher, difference in titer of direct consumption test of antihuman globulin is lower, which can indicate better prognosis of disease. CONCLUSION: Direct consumption test of antihuman globulin was significantly more sensitive test than the direct anti-human globulin test. There is a positive correlation between the degree of cytopenia and consumption of anti-human globulin. Decrease in antibody titer in direct consumption test of antihuman globulinis an indicator of a better prognosis of the disease.
Passeri, Celso Roberto. "Epidemiologia e parâmetros laboratoriais relacionados à perda dentária em pacientes obesos candidatos à cirurgia bariátrica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25144/tde-10032016-104320/.
Full textObesity can be labeled as a worldwide outbreak thus, it has led to a serious public health problem. Oral health can be worsened if it is combined with obesity and metabolic X syndrome. The tooth loss usually harms masticatory function, essential status to whom will be submitted to bariatric surgery. This study aimed to assess epidemiologic parameters and blood tests concerning the number of dental functional units, in patients applying to bariatric surgery, who belong to distinct socioeconomic class range, in order to recognize hazard factors and the bias of this condition over them. Observational cross-section study, with samples comprised by two groups of patients, with distinct socioeconomic class range, one of them belonging to public health system (SUSG) and the other to private clinic (CPG), applicants to bariatric surgery. It was assessed the general healthy conditions, including anthropometric data, comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, sleep apnea, dyslipidemias and arthropathy) and medicines usage (antihypertensive, oral hypoglycemic agents, insulin, simvastatin, diuretics, vasodilators and platelet antiaggregant). Blood tests data (hemoglobin, ferritin, protein, albumin, total cholesterol, glycaemia, triglycerides), habits (smoking and alcoholism) and the number of dental functional units presents (masticatory function). The tests applied were Chi-Square, ANOVA, Goodman, Multivariable Logistic Regression e Bonferroni. The groups SUSG and CPG were homogeneous taking into account gender and age range. Regarded as the number of dental functional units, was higher in the private group (p<0.001). The impaired masticatory function was rather present among female public group (p<0.001). Regarded as blood tests, fasting glycaemia were mainly above in female SUSG patients (p<0,001). The following hazard factors have corroborated to have patients rated as impaired masticatory function: Belong to public service (OR: 8.420, p=0.003), higher aging (OR: 1.186, p<0.001), female gender (OR: 0.153, p=0.029), with diabetes mellitus (OR: 2.545, p=0.045) and smoking (OR: 2.951, p=0.043). The general and oral health of obese SUSG patients were worse and the tooth loss was higher in female patients in this same group, highlighting as hazard factor the socioeconomic condition.
Otani, Márcia Mitiko. "Programa de avaliação externa para os testes de triagem sorológica de doadores de bancos de sangue dos centros de referência da América Latina: utilização de multipainel específico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9136/tde-07072010-104629/.
Full textBackground: In developing countries, the risk of acquiring infectious disease through blood transfusion is higher than developed countries. Although in the last 10 years, blood safety has improved in Latin America in terms of technology and politics, several problems remained unsolved that compromise the quality of the results obtained by the laboratories that perform infectious diseases screening tests. Externai evaluation program, using specific multipanel, may be an important tool to evaluate a laboratory that perform serological screening tests. Externai quality control program for blood bank serological test had not been previously performed in Latin America. Objectives: To develop the technology to produce panel of sera reactive to blood born infectious diseases and to determine the quality of the results of 21 reference centers of Latin America. Results: The criteria to select the raw material and to characterize the sample were important to determine the overall quality of the pane!. Using the Multipanel, tive Externai Quality Control programs were organized during 1997 to 2000 with 21 reference laboratories in 16 countries in Latin America. The mean rate of the false negative results was 0,7% for ant-HIV test, 2.89% for HBsAg, 4% for ant-HBc, 10.7% for ant-HTLVI/II, 1.07% for ant-HCV, 3.22% for Chagas diseases, and 6.25% for Syphilis. The mean rate of false positive results varied from 0.73% for Chagas diseases to 5.28% to ant-HCV. The results were also analyzed in terms of performance of each reference center and by the manufacture of the kits used. Conclusion: The program could provide clues about sources of common errors and was an important tool to validate the laboratory screening processo The quality of the results improved from the 1 st to the 4th programo The chance of doing errors was higher, when the proportion of positive samples were higher, as observed in the 5th program that registered elevated index of false positive and false negative results. The continuing participation in this kind of program seemed to be important to monitor the activities performed by the blood bank screening laboratory.
Dias, Dácio de Castro. "Hematologia e bioquímica sérica em muares." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10136/tde-28072014-153256/.
Full textThe purpose of this study was to determine hematological and biochemical values of three age groups of mules and to compare them with the forming races. For the development of this study, it was used 288 animals, males or females, as follows: 10 donkeys, 30 mares and 260 mules. The mules were divided into three groups: G1 (animals between two months and one year old), G2 (animals between one and three years old) and G3 (animals above three years old). The following laboratory evaluations were performed: blood count, platelet count, fibrinogen, glucose, urea, creatinine, creatine kinase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, bilirubin, total protein, albumin, triglycerides, cholesterol, lactate, sodium, chlorine, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and iron. In addition to the establishment of reference values for blood count and serum biochemistry for mules of three age groups, it is also concluded that: hematologically, the mules are closer to donkeys than the horses; there is a significant difference in biochemical and haematological values between age groups; there is a sexual influence in the mules haematological and biochemical values, but it is clinically less significant than the age influence; the hemoparasite Theileria equi can be found in the blood smear in a significant number of mules, even if they do not show clinical symptoms.
Barreto, Angela Maria Egydio de Carvalho. "Avaliação dos testes e algoritmos empregados na triagem de doadores de sangue para o vírus da hepatite C." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9136/tde-21092011-105846/.
Full textThe diagnosis of hepatitis C (HCV) infection is usually undertaken stepwise by screening with ELISA and confirming the positive results in screening with a more specific assay, the immunoblot (IB). Active infection by hepatitis C virus should be confirmed by molecular techniques such as PCR. Serological tests are indirect methods based on specific antibody detection. Therefore, they may be influenced by many factors which limit their diagnostic efficiency, producing false-positive results. The aim of this work was to evaluate the real diagnostic efficiency of anti-HCV screening tests, in routine condition, in a large serum sampling, and to analyze the cost-benefit of three different algorithms recently proposed by the Center for Diseases Control and Prevention. 692 serum samples were studied. The samples consisted of 522 sera from blood donors, positive in ELISA, with the sample collected by the time of donation (ELlSA-T), and of 170 inconclusive sera. Those donors returned to Fundação PróSangue Hemocentro de São Paulo to have a second sample of blood collected to confirm the former results. ELlSA-R and PCR were carried out in all second samples and all the positive and inconclusive samples were submitted to IB. The global concordance of results between ELlSA-T and ELlSA-R was 64,5%, in that 77,6%(405/522) were obtained among the positives results and 24,1% (41/170) among inconclusive. For samples positive in both ELlSAs, IB was positive (serologically positive) in 69,6% (282/405) and PCR in 61,2% (248/405). Among 282 serologically positive samples, viremia was detected in 87,6% (247/282) and it was absent in 12,4% (37/282) of the sera, which could represent samples from individuals who were infected by HCV in the past and who have spontaneously cleared the virus. Evaluation of each antigenic band of IB showed high frequency of core (C1C2 and C3C4). Their distribution among viremic and non-viremic donors was similar. The reaction intensity, expressed by the color score of the bands, demonstrated that the strongly reactive bands of C1C2 and NS3 were associated with positiveness in IB and PCR and of NS4 only with PCR positive. Analysis of anti-HCV ELISA results from blood donors indicated that the signal-to-cut-off ratio (DO/CO), named as reactive index (IR) in this study, could be used to predict supplemental test positive results for anti-HCV. IR from all samples was classified in 6 groups, being IR ≥ 6, the index better correlated with positive on IB (cut-off IR). The CDC has recently proposed three algorithms for HCV diagnosis, in which two were new (a and c) and one was a conventional algorithm (c). a) screening-test-positive samples with IR ≥ 6,0 can be reported as anti-HCV positive without supplemental testing. IR < 6,0 should have refiex supplemental testing performed, preferably IB; b) reflex supplemental testing in all specimens screening-test-positive by performing NAT followed by IB for specimens with NAT negative results; c) reflex supplemental testing (IB) in all specimens screening-test-positive. These algorithms were applied to all samples and resulted in very similar positive results: 287, 287 and 285, respectively for a, b and c. A total of 283 samples were positive in three algorithms. Four samples showed divergent results and were analyzed separately. Cost-benefit - The algorithm a is the most economical and practical and it could be recommended for laboratory with limited conditions and for population with a high prevalence of HCV infection; b is the most complete for medical decision providing early information about the presence or absence of viremia; c is suitable for determining immune status and for HCV infection low prevalence population. The cost of the three algorithms was estimated based on the 2004 Brazilian Medical Association Table. These costs were 40% lower than c for algorithm a, and 18,2% higher for b. The algorithm a and c were complemented by performing PCR to solve indeterminate results. This complementary test detected two samples PCR positive which were already positive by algorithm b. Therefore we could validate those algorithms for HCV infection laboratory diagnosis. Laboratories and blood banks may choose the algorithm depending on the clinical interest or on the prevalence of HCV infection in the population.
Salgueiro, Fernanda Menezes França. "Avaliação da toxicidade de agrotóxicos utilizados na cultura do arroz irrigado para girinos de Lithobates catesbeianus." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/97/97131/tde-07102013-092237/.
Full textAmerican bullfrogs, Lithobates catesbeianus could be good environmental indicators. The aim of this study was evaluate the potential toxicity of some principal pesticides used in irrigated rice crops to L. catesbeianus tadpoles. The pesticides Bentazon, Penoxsulam, Vegetable oil, Permetrina, Carbofuran and the mixture of them were assessed. Pre-metamorphose tadpoles were exposed to all of these agrochemicals in the laboratory to determinate de LC50-96h and so estimate the index of security by each product. Animals in the same phase were exposed to these pesticides on the rice crops, in situ and in laboratory per 21 days to evaluate the possible chronic effects of the substances, separated and in the mixture of them. The hematological results, red and white series, the mutagenic potential (micronucleous test), and the metamorphose rate (regulated by thyroid axis) were evaluated. The LC50-96h to tadpoles was 4530 mg/L to Bentazon; 7.52 + 145.66 mg/L to Penoxsulam + vegetable oil; 81.57 mg/L to vegetable oil; 0.10 mg/L to Permetrina; 29.90 mg/L to Carbofuran (active ingredients) and 38.79 times to the dose used in the field to the mixture of the products. Only to Permetrina insecticide was observed environmental risk. The metamorphose rate showed no difference between the treatments suggesting that these pesticides, used on indicated doses did not promote deregulated action on the thyroid axis. In situ tests the irrigated waters showed low mortality to the animals. The red series showed in situ, a decrease in the haemoglobin tax and in the counting of erytrocyte\'s number however return to the normal values in the follow week. In laboratory tests showed a decrease in the counting of erytrocyte\'s number to the animals exposed to Bentazon, an increase in the MCV and MCH to the animals exposed to Bentazon and Penoxsulam, an increase in the MCHC to those exposed to Penoxsulam and to the \"mixture\". The white series showed no difference in situ test however an increase in the neutrophils number was observed to the animals exposed to Bentazon in laboratory. The micronucleous analyze showed significant increase in the erytrocyte\'s micronucleated number in situ and in laboratorial tests to animals exposed to Bentazon and to the \"mixture\".
Moraes, José Evandro de. "Indicadores de bem-estar de linhagens de poedeiras comerciais leves alojadas em cinco densidades no sistema convencional de produção de ovos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-04122018-095337/.
Full text750 commercial laying hens of white strains aged 23 weeks at the beginning of the experimental period were used, distributed in a randomized complete block design, these being characterized by the concatenation of the strains with column of cages; the treatments were five densities or stocking rates in the cage (321,43, 375, 450, 562.50 and 750 cm2/bird) with six replications, amounting to 150 experimental plots. The experimental diets were on the basis of corn and soybean meal, formulated to meet the nutritional requirements of the strains in all the phases. Both the productive and economic performances were evaluated through the weight of the eggs (g), percentage of laying (%), egg mass (g/bird/day), feed intake (g/bird/day), feed conversion per dozen (kg/dozen) and per kg of egg (kg/kg). Egg quality was determined through specific gravity (SG), Haugh units (HU), percentages of yolk, albumen and shell, shell thickness (ST), resistance to breaking (BR), yolk coloration and yolk index (YI). The welfare of the birds was evaluated through clinical, immunological and physiological indicators. For the purpose of evaluation of the results, six blocks with internal replications were established. The data were analyzed with the aid of SAS, under a mixed model, considering the effects of density, period and the interaction between them, as fixed, in addition to the random effects of block and residue. For se tratar de measures longitudinally repeated, the best covariance structure for each variable was sought. When appropriate, the Tukey-Kramer test was used for comparison of means (p<0.05). The lowest feed intake, FI/dozen of eggs and best economic performance, were obtained at the density of 321.4 cm2/bird. High housing densities did not influence the internal quality of the eggs, % shell and BR, but these variables had effects from the periods, with the best values in the early periods. High densities had negative effects on SG and ST, mainly at the laying peak of the birds. The eggs checked lie within the desired values, even at the highest densities and can be classified as of excellent quality. The housing density did not interfere (p>0.05) in the clinical evaluation of the birds, but the greater space provided in the cages of the conventional system conferred a lower frequency of lesions in the birds, indicating promotion and improvement to their general welfare. Data of heart rate and cloacal temperature were within the normal limits for the species. No differences (p>0.05) of the densities in the immune response of the birds, with the titers of the vaccine antibodies against Gumboro and Newcastle diseases above the cutoff levels were found. The treatments did not modify the blood profile of the birds and it was not possible to characterize a standard of plasma corticosterone and excretion of fecal metabolites of glucocorticoids, but the enzyme immunoassay technique, using primary antibody against corticosterone and secondary goat anti-rabbit antibody, was capable of detecting variations in the corticosterone concentrations in these tissues, however, the understanding of the meaning of these findings still requires further investigation.
Paiano, Renan Braga. "Effects of anemia on periparturient cows." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10132/tde-31072018-144815/.
Full textOs objetivos deste estudo foi caracterizar o padrão hematológico e produtivo durante o periparto em vacas com e sem anemia, assim como avaliar o eritrograma em animais que apresentaram metrite puerperal aguda (MPA), claudicação, acetonemia, valores de ácidos graxos não esterificados aumentados (AGNE) e vacas com diferentes categorizações de escore de condição corporal (ECC). No estudo 1, foram utilizadas 50 vacas Holandesas (29 multíparas e 21 primíparas), foram realizadas colheitas sanguíneas e exame físicos em 13 momentos diferentes: 18 ± 3, 12 ± 2, 5 ± 1, e 2 ± 1 antes do parto, parto, e 7, 14, 21, 30, 45 e 60 dias após o parto. Foram realizadas avaliações do eritrograma sendo mensurado a contagem de hemácias (RBC), concentração de hemoglobina, volume globular, além dos valores hematimétricos absolutos do volume corpuscular médio (VCM), concentração hemoglobínica corpuscular média (CHCM), hemoglobina corpuscular média (HCM) e RDW, para as análises bioquímicas foram determinadas a concentração sérica de ferro, betahidróxidobutirato (BHBA), AGNE e bilirrubina total (TBIL). Anemia foi classificada de acordo com os valores de hemoglobina < 7 g/dL e o volume globular < 24 %. A prevalência de anemia foi maior no período 60 dias após o parto afetando 18.3% dos animais, o padrão da anemia apresentado foi normocítica, normocrômica, regenerativa. Os valores das contagens de hemácias, volume globular e hemoglobina foram menores (P < 0.05) para os animais com anemia. Enquanto os animais com MPA e com claudicação, o valor do eritrograma foi muito semelhante ao longo do pós-parto. Não foi observado diferença entre os grupos de acordo com os valores de AGNE, ECC e perda de ECC durante as coletas realizadas no pós-parto. Em conclusão os animais anêmicos apresentaram os valores do exame físico de acordo com os limites fisiológicos, a anemia não provocou perdas produtivas nos animais afetados. Não foi evidenciado que animais com MPA e claudicantes apresentassem maior redução da crase sanguínea, excluindo a ocorrência de anemia inflamatória, sendo que embora a prevalência de anemia aumentasse durante o pós-parto não foi possível caracterizar a causa principal da redução dos valores hematológicos entre as categorizações realizadas. No estudo 2, foram realizadas coletas sanguíneas em 336 animais (252 multíparas e 84 primíparas) entre 21 e 30 dias em lactação (DEL) em 7 fazendas no Estado de São Paulo com objetivo de caracterizar a prevalência de anemia nos animais, prevalência de anemia em diferentes categorizações realizadas como: distocia, retenção dos anexos fetais, mastite, problema digestivo, claudicação, acetonemia, ECC no momento da coleta e número de parto, assim como a análise do eritrograma, bioquímico e ECC e produção de leite entre os animais com e sem anemia. Em conclusão a prevalência de anemia foi baixa prevalência (16.3 %) e nenhuma associação com as categorizações realizadas nesse estudo, adicionalmente não foi possível caracterizar por meio de análises bioquímicas a causa da anemia.
Oliveira, Juliana Poltronieri de. "Análise funcional da proteína KMT2E na leucemia mielóide aguda." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17154/tde-08062017-085309/.
Full textThe human lysine methyltransferase 2E (KMT2E) gene belongs to the Trithorax (TrxG) group and acts as a histone modifying protein participating in the transcriptional regulation of hematopoiesis-related genes. KMT2E has been previously described as a tumor suppressor, involved in cellular differentiation, proliferation and cell cycle progression. DAMM et al. (2011) and LUCENA-ARAÚJO et al. (2014) described the association between low levels of KMT2E gene expression and poor treatment outcomes in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), respectively. The aim of this project was to study the effects of high levels of KMT2E expression in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). For this purpose, the U937 AML cell line was used and an high expression of the gene was obtained by transfecting the cells with a lentiviral vector containing the cDNA encoding the long isoform of the gene (pCDH-MSCV-MCS-EF1- GFP + Pure, here called pMEG). The lentiviral particles were transfected into HEK 293T cells and the viral concentration was determined by titration using HT 1080 cells. The gene expression and the protein presence were confirmed by qPCR and western blotting, respectively. All experiments to determine the biological function of overexpressed KMT2E were conducted with U937 wild type, U937 pMEG (U937 transduced with the empty vector) and U937 pMEG-KMT2E cells. In-vitro the impact of overexpressed KMT2E was studied on cell cycle progression, proliferation and cell viability, spontaneous and induced apoptosis by arsenic trioxide and ultraviolet light and cell differentiation induced by 12-myristate 13-phorbol acetate (TPA). In vivo, the effect of overexpressed KMT2E was detected by comparing the tumor mass growth in NSG mice when inoculating U937 pMEG and pMEG-KMT2E cells in each flank of the same mouse. The relative expression level of the KMT2E gene in pMEG-KMT2E U937 cells was 1000 higher than in the wild type U937 strain. The cell differentiation assay revealed that U937 pMEG-KMT2E cells presented an increased monocyte/macrophage differentiation, when analyzing the CD11c antigen. Induced xi overexpression of KMT2E in U937 cells did not alter cell proliferation, cell viability, cell cycle progression, spontaneous or induced apoptosis or clonogenic appearance in vitro. However, the overexpression of KMT2E resulted in an increased tumor mass formation in vivo. Taking our discrepant in vitro and in vivo results into account, we could hypothesize that the increased expression of KMT2E, possibly caused by the enhanced expression of CD11c, favored the interaction between U937 pMEGKMT2E cells and their microenvironment, thereby stimulating tumor growth in vivo.
Correia, Rodolfo Patussi. "Estudo da distribuição de células T naive e subtipos de células T de memória em neoplasias hematológicas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42133/tde-19042013-092628/.
Full textMemory T cells are the hallmark of adaptive immunity and are characterized as central (TCM) and effector memory (TEM) T cells. The influence of T cells in the course of hematological malignancies has been described as a mechanism related to the evolution. In this study, we analyzed the peripheral blood of healthy donors and patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), multiple myeloma (MM) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia B (CLL), and analyzed the distribution of CD4+ and CD8+ naive and memory T cells. MDS and MM revealed no significant difference, but CLL patients showed changes in CD4+ T cell and it were dependent on the prognosis. Patients with poor prognosis presented increased in frequency and absolute number of TCM cells. These evidences show that immunological interactions between CLL and CD4+ T cells could be a disease mechanism that could interfere in pathophysiology and result in the generation of TCM cells, that provide survival signals to the tumor clone, such as cytokines and CD40L, thus contributing to establishment and more aggressive CLL progression.
Santi, Maria Thiago 1983. "Análise transversal da estrutura óssea e parâmetros hematológicos em futebolistas profissionais = Cross-sectional analysis of bone structure and hematological parameters in professional soccer players." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/275110.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Eduação Física
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Resumo: A análise das variáveis de composição corporal, desempenho físico, estrutura óssea e de marcadores sanguíneos em diferentes períodos e situações em futebolistas profissionais, é um fator de extrema importância quando se busca a manutenção do desempenho, na perspectiva da carreira desportiva de atletas ao longo dos anos e na prevenção das lesões neste esporte. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: comparar a estrutura óssea dos jogadores profissionais de raça branca e negra no início do período competitivo; e, descrever e comparar os parâmetros hematológicos dos jogadores profissionais em função da posição de jogo e determinar a prevalência de anemia. Participaram desta análise 38 futebolistas profissionais, nas faixas etárias de 19 a 33 anos, pertencentes a um clube profissional da primeira divisão do futebol brasileiro. Foram analisados os indicadores da composição corporal, o indicador de desempenho físico, os indicadores de qualidade e quantidade óssea e os parâmetros hematológicos. O desempenho físico foi explorado no indicador de potência aeróbia (VO2máx), através do teste de campo específico: Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test nível 2. As variáveis que caracterizaram a composição corporal foram: Massa de Gordura (MG); Estatura (EST) e Percentual de Gordura (%G), através de medidas de massa corporal, comprimentos e dobras cutâneas. Os participantes foram submetidos ao ultra-som qualitativo das falanges da mão não dominante para se verificar a qualidade e quantidade óssea (AD-SoS e UBPI). Os parâmetros hematológicos foram analisados através de exame de sangue intravenoso em jejum. A experiência e o tempo de treinamento foram compreendidos na quantidade de anos de treinamento vivenciados pelos futebolistas. Os resultados encontrados indicam que os jogadores profissionais de raça negra apresentam uma melhor estrutura óssea em suas falanges da mão não dominante em relação aos de raça branca, e que não há diferenças nos parâmetros hematológicos dos jogadores de diferentes posições táticas, bem como não há prevalência de anemia nestes futebolistas profissionais
Abstract: The analysis of the variables of body composition, physical performance, bone structure and blood markers in different periods and situations on professional soccer players, is an important factor when we search the maintenance of the performance, in the perspective of sporting career of athletes over the years and in the prevention of injuries in this sport. The objectives of this study were: To compare the bone structure of professional's soccer players of white and black race during the competitive period; and, describe and compare the hematological parameters of soccer players during the competitive period on function of the game positions and determine the anemia prevalence. Were participated of these analysis 38 professional soccer players in the age range from 19 to 33 years, belonging to a professional club of the first division of Brazilian soccer. Were analyzed the indicators of body composition, the indicator of physical performance, the indicators of quality and quantity bone and the hematological parameters. The physical performance was explored in the indicator of aerobic power (VO2máx), through the specific test of field: Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test level 2. The variables that characterized the body composition were: fat mass (MG); stature (EST); percentage of body fat (%G), through measures of body mass, lengths and skin folds. The participants were subjected to qualitative ultrasound of no dominant hand phalanges to verify the bone quality and quantity (AD-SoS e UBPI). The hematological parameters were analyzed by intravenous blood test in fasting. The experience and the time of training were included in the amount of years of training experienced by the soccer players. The results indicate that the professional players of black race present a better bone structure in their phalanges in the no dominant hand in relation to those of white race. And there are no differences in hematological parameters of players of different tactical positions, as well as there are no prevalence of anemia in these professional soccer players
Mestrado
Biodinamica do Movimento e Esporte
Mestre em Educação Física
Silva, Luan Ricci. "Influência do tipo de nascimento (parto espontâneo, parto cesariana sem indução e com indução) no eritrograma de bezerros Nelore." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10132/tde-17112016-144229/.
Full textThis study aimed to evaluate the influence of elective cesarean section in erythrogram of newborn calves of the Nellore breed for the first thirty days of life. Neonates were divided into 3 groups 8 calves obtained by spontaneous birth (PE), 8 calves born by caesarean section without labor induction (CSI) and 8 calves born by cesarean section with induction of labor (CCI) by the use of 25 mg of dexamethasone 24 hours before the surgical procedure, by the intra-muscular). Births occurred between 282 and 292 days of gestation. Blood samples for determining the erythrocyte frame were collected by puncture of the external jugular vein using Vacutainer ™ System. The determination of erythrocyte was performed in the automated counter BC-2800 Vet Mindray®. The results show that elective caesarean section did no affect the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin rates and values of the globular volume in the first week of life of calves. At this first week of life was observed, regardless of the experimental group a decrease in the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin rates and values of the globular volume. Until 5 days of age, the mean corpuscular volume values (MCV) and Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) of calves born from spontaneous vaginal deliveries are statistically lower than those obtained in calves born from elective cesarean section. From 10 days of life was observed in animals obtained by from spontaneous delivery, a quick recovery in the values of erythrocytes, hemoglobin and packed cell volume, whereas in animals born via caesarean section (induced and uninduced) did not occur such recovery in the rates of hemoglobin and packed cell volume values. In calves obtained by Caesarean section it was observed that in the period between 10 and 30 days of life Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) and Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) decreased, submitting a microcytic hypochromic when compared with calves obtained by spontaneous delivery. Among all groups, animals born by caesarean section without induction showed the values with lower magnitude from beginning to end of the trial period. Animals born at term show a more accurate physiological recovery capability in comparingson with animals born by Caesarean section.
Parra, Andréa Cristina. "Variações da crase sangüínea durante a hiperimunização e após sangria e plasmaferese em eqüinos de produção de soro hiperimune anti-crotálico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10136/tde-12052009-134707/.
Full textTwenty animals were used to assess the blood profile of horses during hyperimmunization for anticrotalic hyperimmune serum production and after the bleedings of production and the plasmapherese, obeying the protocol schedule of Instituto Butantan. The samples were obtained before the antigen inoculations (crotalic poison), before and after the bleedings of production, right after the plasmapherese and 15, 30 and 45 days after the last one, making a total of 340 collections in 17 moments. Samples were analyzed for hemogram (number of erythrocytes, packed cell volume, hemoglobin, MCV, MCH, MCHC, white cell count, differential leukocytes count) and some serum biochemical components (iron, transferrin and bilirrubin). Significant variations were observed on the blood profile of the horses throughout the hyperimmunization, showing normocytic, normochromic anemia, without significant alterations on leukogram. Beside that, a significant reduction of the hemosiderin was observed in association with the elevation of the serum transferrin concentration, making possible its classification as an iron deficiency-like anemia. During the bleedings phases, evident variations were observed on the blood profile showing pos-sangrias hypocitemic normocytic, hyperchromic anemia without changing the leukogram values, but with significant variations on the biochemical components (reduction of serum iron and increase of transferrin concentrations). During rest periods, the efficacy of plasmapherese was evident with a rapid but partial recuperation of the hemogram and the hemosiderin of the anemic animals, making easier the fast return of hematologic normality and making them capable to a new hyperimmune serum production.
Etchichury, Mariano. "Efeitos da suplementação parenteral com selênio e vitamina E nos valores hemáticos e séricos de cavalos de enduro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10135/tde-04092007-100915/.
Full textThe aim of this study was to measure the effects of parenteral supplementation with selenium and vitamin E in predetermined hematic and serics parameters commonly used in endurance horse daily clinic. Six Arab and Anglo-Arab horses in endurance training were used in a Cross Over experimental design of two periods of 84 days each, divided in Treatment and Control groups. No treatment effects was detected for weight, packed cell volume, red blood cell count, hemoglobin, leucocytes, heart rate, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, reduced glutathion, urea, creatinine and lactatodeshidrogenase, creatinikinase, gammaglutamiltransferase or glutathion peroxidase. The lactatedeshidrogenase and creatinikinase values were high than those used as reference in both groups. In 70\'th day was observed a statistical difference (p < 0,05) for mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin parameters, with the lowest value in the treatment group. The following conclusions were extracted from this trial: 1. A parenteral supplementation with selenium and vitamin E had no effect in the examined parameters in horses training and competing in races till 60 km. 2. Despite the inconsistence of mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin finds, this observation can indicate an exercise adaptation tendency of this hematimetric values in horses with better antioxidant defense.
Bittencourt, Letícia Cardoso. "Efeitos da utilização de probiótico sobre parâmetros da resposta imune, hematológicos e de desempenho de frangos de corte." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10135/tde-23032007-160012/.
Full textThe demand from consumers for good-quality products has been increasing and the poultry industry has to adjust to it. An example that shows this is the prohibition of the use of antibiotic in animal feeding, given the fact it could induce bacterial resistance. Therefore, the search for alternatives to these products has been the major goal of many researches and the probiotics stand out with promises to balance the intestinal microbial and to reduce immunologic stress, hindering the mobilization of nutrients for activities that are not related with the production, promoting, this way, a better response from the immune system and a consequential improvement in its performance. Due to the lack of studies that relate the effect of the probiotics with the poultry immunity, the present study has been carried through with the objective of verifying the influence of a type of probiotic in some parameters of the immune and hematology response associated to the performance of broilers. 1200 broilers were used, bred up for 42 days, in a completely randomized design with 3 types of treatments (antibiotic, probiotic and control) and 10 repetitions. Considering the total period of creation and the conditions in which the experiment was led, it was not possible to show the influence of additives tested in the evaluated parameters of performance. It was not observed the influence on the immunity of macrophages, T lymphocytes and alteration of weight of lymphoid organs in the evaluated ages and with the used methods either. However, it was possible to observe a positive response from the probiotic - comparing it to the antibiotic - regarding the production of antibodies in response to the vaccine of Newcastle, still, without differing from the control. For the hematological parameters, despite the differences found among the treatments, the hematological values of the present study are found to be within normality when compared to other studies
Viadanna, Pedro Henrique de Oliveira. "Uso de imunoestimulante Saccharomyces cerevesiae em peixes da espécie Cyprinus carpio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10133/tde-23052013-141853/.
Full textThe aquarium hobby is an activity wordwide spread and a segment extremely large of the pet industry. Brazil, in 2007, exported an amount of US$ 5.871.576,73 of fishes. Due to the biology of the fishes, all its management can trigger a physiological response leading to stress, that depending on the duration, type and specie, can conclude in immunosuppressive response, leading to disease and acute death, creating a great prejudice. The use of immunostimulants, as dietary supplementation may provide an innate defense against pathogens. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of using mannan oligosaccharide of brewer yeast (Saccharomyces cerevesiae) as immunostimulants added to the feed for koi fishes (Cyprinus carpio) during 45 days. To evaluate the immunity of the fishes, periodic hematologic evaluations were made and at the end of the determined period, the fishes were immunologically challenged with stress and inoculation with Aeromonas hydrophila. The control group had a growth rate of 0,05g/day, feed conversion of 14,09 and protein efficiency ratio of 0,25, while the treatment group had growth rate of 0,11g/day, feed conversion of 6,15 and protein efficiency ratio of 0,57. The hematological results showed no statistical difference between the control group and immunostimulant group according. Analyzing the experimental infected animals, 88% died within 24 hours, due to endotoxic shock, and in the post mortem examination, there were no difference between groups. The koi that received control feed and it was infected had macrocytic normochromic anemia, thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia, monocytosis and increased of special granulocytic cells. The koi that received the MOS feed, was infected with A. hydrophila and survived, had no alteration on haematological parameters. The feed with MOS was zootechnical better than the control feed to carps. Based on the rate of survival and hematology, there are no possibility of answering if supplemented feed with MOS was immunologic better than control feed.
Riccio, Amanda Vallone. "Avaliação dos parâmetros etológicos, laboratoriais e do perfil oxidativo de neonatos muares no primeiro mês de vida: um comparativo com equinos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10131/tde-22112017-162033/.
Full textThe aim of the present study was to evaluate vitality, behavioral and laboratory parameters and oxidative profile of newborn mules, comparing with horses during the first month of life. The foals were monitored just after delivery and Apgar score was assessed at 0, 5, 10, 30 and 60 minutes postpartum. Foals postpartum behavior were timed (time to get in sternal recumbency, to start suckle reflex, to stand, to ingest colostrum and to eliminate meconium) and the need of enema was evaluated. Time to eliminate placenta and weight were recorded and foals weight. The relationship between placental and foal weight was calculated for the mules group. Laboratory evaluation included hematological and biochemical parameters, while lipid peroxidation was measured using TBARS and protein oxidation. Glutathione peroxidase activity, superoxide dismutase and total, indirect and direct bilirubin were used to evaluate the antioxidant profile. Apgar score at birth, 5, 10 and 30 minutes after birth was higher in mules. Mules started nursing colostrum earlier than horses, however elimination of meconium started later. Mares pregnant with mules eliminated fetal membranes earlier. Foals and placental weight were similar between groups. There was no correlation between placental and foals weight. Mules had higher MCHC, platelets, albumin, calcium, chloride, iron and magnesium, while total leukocytes, segmented neutrophils, lymphocytes, neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio, fibrinogen, BT, BD, BI, cholesterol and CK were lower in mules compared to horses. Interaction was found between group and time for red blood cells, hematocrit, hemoglobin, total leukocytes, segmented neutrophils, glucose, urea, albumin, triglycerides, cholesterol, CK and iron. Oxidative profile results showed no interaction between group and time for the analyzed variables. TBARS was lower in mules, while GPx activity was higher. There was a progressive TBARS decrease over time in the studied neonates, with GPx remaining constant at birth and 7 days, with a significant increase at 30 days. Time and group did not affect protein oxidation. SOD did not have a group effect and its activity was constant between analyzed times, except at 1 hour, when activity was lower than 6 hours, 7 and 30 days. Bilirrubins were lower in mules. Based on the differences found between species, this study offers reference values for behaviour, hematology, biochemistry and oxidative aspects in healthy mule neonates during the first month of life, and it can be useful for diagnosis and treatment of compromised neonates.
Basset, Luís Antonio Bochetti. "Estado sanitário do jacaré-de-papo-amarelo (Caiman latirostris) em paisagens antropizadas no Estado de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/91/91131/tde-05072016-153031/.
Full textThe broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris) is considered a medium-sized crocodilian, which has a wide latitudinal distribution in South America. The species may possibly have a more complex situation among Brazilian crocodilians on the aspect of conservation, basically, because their populations are fragmented in much of their original range, forcing these animals to disperse through areas with strong human activities. Although the species apparently went through an adaptive process against these pressures, a physiological aspect may undergo rapid change when subjected to them: the health status. Thus, this study aimed to determine the health status of the largest aquatic predator, using two distinct areas in São Paulo State, through the determination of hematological and biochemical profiles of blood, in addition to the characterization of oral microbiota, serving as a model for conservation of the species in anthropic habitats. In the first chapter were determined the hematological and biochemical blood profiles of 29 individuals (19 males and 10 females) captured in Angatuba and 11 individuals (2 males, 4 females and 5 hatchlings) captured in Cubatão. Statistically significant differences were found in creatinine values when comparing females of both areas of the study (p = 0.033) and in alanine aminotransferase values (p = 0.003), erythrocytes (p = 0.034), hemoglobin (p = 0.049) and mean corpuscular volume (p = 0.027) when comparing genders. In the second chapter the oral microbiota of these animals was determined by isolation, identification and characterization of the bacteria, besides the antimicrobial susceptibility profile compared to the isolates tested. The results showed growth of 14 different species of bacteria in the Angatuba area, one classified as Aerobic Grampositive Bacilliform, one as Gram-negative Bacilli and 12 classified as Gram-negative Enterobacteria. In the Cubatão area five species of bacteria were isolated, four classified as Gram-negative Enterobacteria and one as Aerobic Gram-positive Bacilliform. Considering that the use of antimicrobials is a primary process in the treatment of animals and people, especially in cases involving infections caused by human x animal interaction for both study areas, quinolones Enrofloxacin and Norfloxacin, and the aminoglycosides Gentamicin were the antimicrobials that had the lowest resistance rates against the tested isolates.
Brandão, Leonardo Pinto. "Envolvimento da resposta imune humoral no desenvolvimento da anemia e das alterações quantitativas e qualitativas das plaquetas na erliquiose canina experimental." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10136/tde-01112006-165743/.
Full textIn order to determine the involvement of humoral and immune response on development of anemia and quantitative and qualitative platelets disorders in experimental canine ehrlichiosis, seven adult naïve dogs were inoculated with E. canis and followed during 10 weeks. Three dogs were remained as control. Daily clinical evaluation and laboratorial exams (hematological, platelet counts, bone marrow evaluation, biochemistry, erythrocyte osmotic fragility and Coombs? test) polymerase chain reaction assay (PCR), anti-E.canis, antiplatelet and antimegakaryocyte antibodies detection (IFA) and platelet aggregation studies were evaluated at different moments during all the experimental period. Fever, splenomegaly, lymphadenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, non-regenerative anemia and increase on liver?s enzymes serum activity (ALT, AST and ALP) were the main clinical and laboratorial findings observed, with the highest point between days 21 and 28 post-infection. The infected animals showed a decrease in platelet aggregation responses (p<0.05) on days 14, 21, 28 and 35 post-infection and increase of megakaryocytic cells, mainly its precursors (megakaryoblasts and promegakaryocytes) on day 14 post-infection. It weren?t detected any antiplatelet or antimegakaryocyte antibodies, as well as, there were no variations on erythrocyte osmotic fragility and Coombs? tests results, which confirms the absence of immune-mediated hemolysis. It is concluded that the anemia observed during the experimental acute phase of the E. canis infection, with regenerative pattern, even though late, at least in the studied animals, wasn?t related with immune mechanism against the red blood cells, and that, the thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction observed during this phase of the disease don?t seen to be related with immune mechanisms against platelets or its precursors.
Nunes, Daniela Prudente Teixeira. "Efeito de SMADs e de microRNAs na expressão gênica de TGF-β1 e seu papel na angiogênese em pacientes com mielofibrose e trombocitemia essencial." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9136/tde-24092015-095848/.
Full textAIM: To investigate the effects of the expression of SMADs mRNA and microRNAs (miRNAs) that target TGFB1 in TGF-β1 gene expression (mRNA and protein) and its role in the angiogenesis pathophysiology in myelofibrosis (MF) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) patients. METHODS: Twenty-one primary MF (PMF), twenty-one MF post-ET (MPET) and twenty-four ET patients were included, besides 98 controls matched for gender and age with patients. In peripheral blood were assessed: TGF-β1, VEGFA and FGF2 plasmatic levels and mRNA quantification; SMADs 1 to 7 mRNA quantification and miRNAs 193a-5p, 369-5p, 542-5p, 590-3p, and 590-5p quantification; and detection of JAK2V617F (and allele burden), MPLW515K/L and CALR mutations. Estimated angiogenesis (microvessel grade - CD34), active TGF-b1, latent TGF-β and c-MPL immunoexpression were determined in 26 bone marrow biopsies. RESULTS: Plasmatic TGF-β1 levels were similar in patients and controls, while all the patients groups had higher plasmatic VEGFA than controls. Plasmatic FGF2 was higher in all the patients groups, and its mRNA expression was higher in ET patients than in controls. No differences in SMADs and miRNAs expression were found between patients and controls. There was a positive correlation between plasmatic TGF-β1 and FGF2 in PMF, and a negative correlation between these variables in their controls, as well as in MPET controls. In all studied groups, there was a positive correlation between plasmatic TGF-β1 and VEGF. In addition, different profiles of correlations were demonstrated between TGF-β1 gene expression and the several SMADs and miRNAs studied in each group of patients and controls. PMF patients with higher angiogenesis (according to the median of VEGFA and FGF2 plasma levels) had higher plasmatic TGF-β1 levels than those with lower angiogenesis. Estimated angiogenesis (CD34) in bone marrow biopsies were not different among PMF, MPET and ET patients. Moreover, there were no correlation between CD34 immunoexpression and TGFB1, VEGFA and FGF2 mRNA bone marrow or peripheral blood expression or plasmatic levels, as well as latent TGF-β1, active TGF-b1, and c-MPL immunoexpression were similar in patients studied groups. The frequencies of evaluated mutations were similar to previously reported. MPET patients harboring CALR mutations had lower plasmatic VEGFA and FGF2 than JAK2V617F mutated, while ET patients carrying CALR mutations had lower plasmatic TGF-β1 than JAK2V617F mutated. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed the positive correlation among TGF-β1 and two other markers of angiogenesis (VEGFA and FGF2). SMADs and miRNAs expressions were similar between patients and controls, since there were no differences in TGF-β1 gene expression between patients and controls. However, disparities found in the correlations between TGF-β1 gene expression and different SMADs and miRNAs in patients and controls may indicate that TGF-β1 gene expression regulation in studied diseases is distinct from those presented by individuals without these diseases.
Silva, Tairon Pannunzio Dias e. "Modelagem de fósforo em cordeiros submetidos à infecção experimental com Trichostrongylus colubriformis com uso de 32P." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64134/tde-19052017-151023/.
Full textAiming to evaluate hemato-biochemical variables, apparent digestibility and performance as well as the metabolism and kinetic of phosphorus (P) in lambs experimentally infected with Trichostrongylus colubriformis, two experiments were conducted. At the first study, 18 male lambs were distributed in two experimental treatments: infected group (I, n=9) and control group (C, n=9) unaffected. Infected lambs received approximately 5000 T. colubriformis infective larvae (L3), three times per week, during three weeks, totalling 45 000 T. colubriformis L3. The control of daily feed intake was performed (pair-fed). Data of live weight, body condition score and samples of blood and faeces were collected fortnightly, during 75 days to analyze the hemogram, biochemical variables and faecal egg count (FEC), respectively. In addition, apparent digestibility and ruminal parameters of lambs were determined. Lambs presented moderate infection (FEC = 620.3 ± 594.98) with decreased erythrocytes, haemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and total protein. On the other hand, increased platelets counts as well as the amount of circulating eosinophils when compared to the group C (P < 0.1). The voluntary intake of infected lambs was not altered, but there was lower dry matter digestibility. It was concluded that T. colubriformis infection altered haematological and biochemical parameters. It did not interfere in dry matter intake, but decreased digestibility in infected lambs. In the second study, the objective was to study the metabolism and kinetic of P in lambs experimentally infected with T. colubriformis using isotope dilution technique and modelling. For this, 15 lambs distributed in the infected treatment (I, n=8) e control (C, n=7) as described above were used. After 66 days of the last inoculation was injected 6.6 MBq of 32P/lamb to evaluate the kinetics of the mineral. Blood, faeces and urine samples were collected in the following seven days and the slaughter of lambs was carried out on the last day in order to collect bone and soft tissues (Liver, kidney, heart and muscle) samples. To analyze P flows the biomathematical model described by Lopes et al. (2001) was used. Similar P intake between treatments was verified (VI) (P > 0.1), lower absorption of endogenous (Vaf) and dietary P (Vaa) as well as higher excretion of dietary P (VFD) in infected lambs (P < 0.1). With the lower absorption (VaT) of P in infected lambs, there was, consequently, lower distribution and lower incorporation of P in the bones (VO+D). It was concluded that P metabolism of lambs infected with T. colubriformis was altered, with reduced intestinal absorption and bioavailability, increased faecal loss and reduced P flow to bone
Ferronato, Bruno de Oliveira. "Phrynops geoffroanus (Testudines, Chelidae) em ambiente antrópico: perfil hematológico e microbiota oral." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/91/91131/tde-17072008-145434/.
Full textPhrynops geoffroanus is a freshwater turtle species, with a wide distribution in South America, living in many types of habitats, including polluted urban rivers. During 2006 and 2007, aiming to study ecological aspects of the species in anthropogenic environments, it was conducted an investigation at Piracicaba River Basin, in two sample sites, the Piracicaba river and its tributary, Piracicamirim stream. One of the topics studied was a health assessment of the turtles. It was examined the blood profile in Piracicaba and Piracicamirim turtles and evaluated a measure of stress (heterophil/lymphocyte ratio), that had another study group besides the animals from the rivers, turtles in captivity from Sao Paulo Zoo Park Foundation. The difference between a large river, Piracicaba and its tributary Piracicamirim, both polluted and with different soil use and occupation had a little influence on turtles\' hematological variation, and the animals did not show any sign of disease through the blood profile examination. These evaluations were the subject of the thesis\' first chapter. Another part of the health assessment study, subject of the second chapter, was the oral microbiota investigation, performed in Piracicaba and Piracicamirim turtles. The samples were incubated at 25 and 37º Celsius, aiming to check the bacterium\'s pathogenicity for the animals and for humans. The results showed growth of pathogenic bacterium for both and the most prevalent bacteria at 37ºC was Escherichia coli. Although, the turtles did not show any sign of infection. Long-term studies are suggested for turtles living in anthropogenic environments to monitor their health status, demography and ecological issues.
Dias, Ticiana Martins Zwarg Simões. "Hematologia, pesquisa de hemoparasitos e mensuração da atividade de colinesterases plasmáticas em Falconiformes e Strigiformes do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10133/tde-15122011-143316/.
Full text137 blood samples were collected from 132 different specimen, belonging to seven species of Strigiformes (n=92) and eleven species of Falconiformes (n=45), from September 2008 to July 2009. Samples were submitted to complete hemogram, survey for hemoparasites through evaluation of blood smears, sex identification by PCR and measurement of plasmatic cholinesterases by the method of Ellman (1961). Only seven black-capped-screech-owls (Megascops choliba) were positive for hemoparasites (5,3% of total raptors). There were significative difference according to avian health status; all the clinicaly higid animal were not infected, but 20,4% of animals with clinical desorders presented haemosporidians. Quantitatively, the average parasitemia was 3,8 parasited erythrocytes in 10.000 erythrocytes, a infection rate relatively low. The most of hematologic parameters did not present statistic differences in function of presence or absence of hemoparasites, what in most of the cases characterized a low and not much pathogenic infection. The plasmatic cholinesterase activity presented normal distribution, with geometric average of 0,8333 micromoles/mL and geometric standard deviation of 1,7087 µmols/mL. The plasmatic cholinesterase activity presented statistic differences between Falconiformes (0,5705±1,6497 µmols/mL) and Strigiformes (1,0070±1,5620 µmols/mL). There were not significative differences between males of females and adults or youngs between Falconiformes or Strigiformes. Non-higid Falconiformes presented surprisiling much low values than those clinically higid. Between Strigiformes, the captivity specimens present much lower plasmatic cholinesterase activity values than free ranging animals. The plasmatic cholinesterase activity was signifactively different among animal with hemoparasites (geometric average = 2,0132 µmols/mL) and without hemoparasites (geometric average = 0,8331 µmols/mL). This research contributes with relevant information about the haemosporidian occurence in raptors of State of São Paulo, alerting the Institutions about the necessity of monitorizing haemoprotozoa. Besides that, contributes with unpublished data about the plasmatic cholinesterase activity in raptors.
Giusti, Kelma Cordeiro da Silva. "Associação entre polimorfismos em genes relacionados ao metabolismo de folato (RFC1, GCP2, MTHFR e MTHFD1) e alterações nas concentrações de folato, cobalamina e homocisteína em mulheres com história de abortos espontâneos recorrentes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9136/tde-08032013-115754/.
Full textThe recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is characterized by the occurrence of three or more consecutive miscarriages and affects 2-4% of women of childbearing age. The etiology is associated with several risk factors such as uterine abnormalities, chromosomal aberrations, autoimmunity, thrombophilia, increased concentration of homocysteine (tHcy). About 40% of cases remains unknown cause. The units of carbon metabolism plays an essential role in the availability of the cell folate, is essential for the placental and fetal development. A deficiency of the vitamins that regulate this metabolism, like folic acid, and polymorphisms in genes encoding enzymes related to folate metabolism (MTHFR, RFC1, and GCP2 MTHFD1) may lead to decreased concentrations of this vitamin and increased concentrations of tHcy. Objective was to evaluate the association between polymorphisms in genes related to folate metabolism (RFC1, GCP2, MTHFD1 and MTHFR) and the risk of having AER, and to evaluate the association between these polymorphisms and changes in concetranções folate, cobalamin, and homocysteine. Three groups were divided: AER primary: 117 women with RSA and no viable fetus, AER secondary: 139 women with RSA and at least one viable fetus and Control: 264 women with no history of miscarriage. None of the women was pregnant at time of blood collection. Blood samples were taken for biochemical (folate, Cbl, tHcy, etc.), immunological and genomic DNA extraction. The genotyping were carried out by PCR-RFLP or real time PCR. Serum concentrations of folate and Cbl were higher in groups 1 and 2 (p <0.05). The distribution of genotypes of MTHFR c.677C> T, MTHFR c.1298A> C, MTHFD1 c.1958G> A, RFC1 c.80G>GCP2 A and c.1561C> T was similar among the three groups. The increased concentrations of serum folate (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.03 - 1.07, p <0.001), Cbl (OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.00, p = 0.016), tHcy (OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.97 to 1.11, p = 0.033) and T4 (OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.03, p = 0.006) and the presence of ANA (1:160) (OR: 2.90, 95% CI: 1.25 - 6.75, p = 0.013) were considered risk factors primary for abortion. For secondary abortion, were considered risk factors increased the concentrations of serum folate (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02 - 1.05, p <0.001), cobalamin (OR: 1.00, 95 % CI: 1.00 to 1.00, p = 0.019) and tHcy (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.09, p = 0.039), higher age (OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.98 to 1.06, p = 0.031), cigarette smoking (OR: 2.54, 95% CI: 1.41 to 4.60, p = 0.002) and had a higher BMI (OR : 1,42,95% CI: 1.07 to 1.88, p = 0.015). The studied polymorphisms were not associated with increased risk of having RSA when analyzed separately, and were not associated with changes in serum folate, Cbl and tHcy, with the exception of the MTHFR 677TT genotype, whose patients had a higher concentration of total tHcy compared with those with 677CC and 677CT genotypes in the three groups. The variable concentrations of folate, Cbl, tHcy, and T4, presence of ANA and have been associated with increased risk for miscarriage primary. The variables age, BMI, smoking, concentrations of folate, Cbl and tHcy were associated with increased risk of secondary miscarriage.
Hasegawa, Marcia Yumiko. "Dinâmica da infecção experimental de cães por Ehrlichia canis: aspectos clínicos, laboratoriais e resposta imune humoral e celular." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10136/tde-18042007-111955/.
Full textThe clinical evolution, the persistence of infection and humoral and cellular immune response were evaluated on seven adult naïve dogs experimentally inoculated with an E. canis strain and followed during 20 weeks. Three dogs were remained as control. Daily clinical evaluation and laboratorial exams (hematological, biochemistry, erythrocyte osmotic fragility, Coombs´ test, neutrophils oxidative metabolism by nitroblue tetrazolium reduction test), polymerase chain reaction assay (PCR), anti-E. canis antibodies detection by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and quantification of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes by flow cytometry technique were evaluated, at different moments during all the experimental period. The presence of E. canis morulae, seroconversion with high antibodies titers (1,280 to 20,480) and positive PCR had confirmed the infection in all the inoculated animals. Fever, splenomegaly, lymphadenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, non-regenerative anemia and increase on liver´s enzymes serum activity (ALT, AST and ALP) were the main clinical and laboratorial changes observed, with the highest point between days 21 and 28 post-infection (p.i.). Also at these moments were observed increase of CD8+ T lymphocytes and reduction of the CD4+ T lymphocytes. The increase in the stimulated neutrophils oxidative metabolism between days 28 and 35 p.i., and the increase of reticulocytes in the same period, allied to the reduction of the CD4+ T lymphocytes and the increase of CD8+ T lymphocytes, indicated the host´s immune response in the attempt to eliminate the infection. On the peak of the infection, from the 21st to the 49th post-infection day, there was an inversion in the CD4:CD8 ratio of blood lymphocytes, mainly caused by increase of the CD8+ T lymphocytes. There was no variation on erythrocyte osmotic fragility and Coombs? test results, which suggested the absence of immune-mediated hemolysis. It wasn´t detected any anti-E. canis IgM antibodies in the infected group of dogs. The increase of reticulocytes only from the 28th post-infection day suggests a temporary erythropoietic suppression. The low number of CD4+ T lymphocytes, coinciding with the splenomegaly and the positive PCR until the twentieth week p.i., suggest that there is a relation between the persistent infection, the splenic localization of E. canis and an evasion mechanism, represented for the low threshold of activation of CD4+ T lymphocytes. On the other hand, the increase of CD8+ T lymphocytes in the peak of infection, coinciding with clinical improvement, suggests the involvement of the cytotoxicity mechanism on canine ehrlichiosis pathogenesis. The partial blockage of CD4+ T lymphocytes activity could probably be one of the E. canis escape mechanisms, while the continue TNF-α release by host´s cytotoxic cells, as a mechanism to eliminate the parasite, could result in terminal pancytopenia commonly observed in dogs chronically infected with E. canis.
Barbara, Jean Carlos Alves. "Avaliação do perfil sanitário de urubu-de-cabeça-preta (Coragyps atratus) em ambiente urbano." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10133/tde-18082015-131331/.
Full textBlack vulture (Coragyps atratus) is a free-living bird widely distributed across Brazil. These birds feed on rotting carcasses and large groups are commonly found in urban areas, including rubbish dumps. By feeding on decomposing carcasses, they are often exposed to innumerous pathogens. However, the role of infectious microorganisms on vultures health still need to be clarify. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of selected infectious agents, the hematological profile and cloacal microbiota of black vulture in urban areas. Therefore, blood, serum and cloacal swabs were obtained from 120 free-living vultures trapped in Fundação Parque Zoológico de São Paulo, SP. The rapid seroagglutination test (RST) was performed for detection of antibodies against Salmonella Pullorum/Gallinarum, M. synoviae and M. gallisepticum. Furthermore, latex agglutination test was used to detect Cryptococcus neoformans \' antigen. Conventional techniques for hematology, microbiology and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed. From the serum samples analyzed by RST, 15% were positive for M. gallisepticum, antibodies against S. Pullorum/Gallinarum and M. synoviae were not detected. None sample was positive to Cryptococcus neoformans or hemoparasites. Mean and standard deviation from the following hematological values were obtained for 61 birds: erythrocytes (1.8x10¹²/L); leukocytes (13.11x10/L); hemoglobin (10.4 g/dL); hematocrit (48.44%); MCV (275,1 fL); MCH (42 pg); MCHC (15,8 g/dL); total serum protein (3.76 g/dL); heterophils (78%); lymphocytes (13.5%); eosinophils (5.4%); monocytes (2.8%); basophils (0,1%); thrombocyte (14.14x10/L). From 75 bacterial colonies isolated from 20 cloacal swabs, 78.7% were Gram-positive and 21.3% were Gram-negative. Enterococcus sp. was the most frequent genus. Approximately 86.7% of the isolated strains were resistant to at least one of the antibiotic tested. Bacillus sp. and Enterococcus casseliflavus strains shown resistance to seven in eight antibiotics tested. Yeasts were not isolated. The information obtained in this research is of paramount important since few studies have been carried out on the vultures health condition in the world.
Mattoso, Cláudio Roberto Scabelo [UNESP]. "Determinação do teste padrão para o diagnóstico de cães com doença de von willebrand." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89271.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
O fator de von Willebrand (FvW) realiza sua função promovendo a adesão plaquetária ao local de injúria vascular e funcionando como um estabilizador funcional para o fator VIII. As células endoteliais são o maior local de síntese e armazenamento do FvW. Também existe produção pelos megacariócitos, porém, as plaquetas caninas praticamente não armazenam o FvW. A doença de von Willebrand (DvW) é o distúrbio hemostático hereditário mais comum em homens e cães. Estudos mostram uma prevalência de 1 a 2% em humanos, sendo o tipo 1 o mais freqüente (60-80%), seguido pelo tipo 2 (15-30%) e pelo tipo 3 (5-10%). Em cães, a DvW já foi diagnosticada em mais de 54 raças, sendo encontrada com alta prevalência em Dobermanns. Os sinais clínicos mais comuns da DvW são sinais de alteração em hemostasia primária. Em cães, a DvW pode ser dividida em três tipos, de acordo com a fisiopatologia. A doença do tipo 1 é definida como uma deficiência parcial quantitativa do FvW. O tipo 2 consiste em perda desproporcional das formas multiméricas de alto peso molecular e o tipo 3 resulta de uma deficiência quantitativa grave do FvW. Os testes diagnósticos mais utilizados para a DvW são tempo de sangria, dosagem do antígeno do FvW, atividade de cofator da ristocetina, agregação plaquetária induzida pela ristocetina e análise multimérica do FvW. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar e padronizar o teste padrão para diagnóstico de Resumo cães com Doença de von Willebrand. Os testes estudados foram: Tempo de sangria da mucosa oral (TSMO), Agregação plaquetária induzida pela Ristocetina (RIPA) e Antígeno do fator de von Willebrand (FvW:Ag) ELISA...
von Willebrand factor (vWF) perform its function promoting platelet adhesion to the local of vascular injury and is important for the maintenance of FVIII stability and function. Endothelial cells are the major synthesis and storage site. Megakariocytes may also produce vWF, but canine platelets practically don t store vwF. Clinical signs more commonly seen in vWD are associated to primary hemostatic alterations. von Willebrand disease (vWD) is the most common inherited hemostatic disease in human and dogs. Studies had demonstrated a prevalence of 1 to 2% in human beings, being the type I the most common (60-80%), followed by type 2 (15-30%) and type 3 (5-10%). In dogs, vWD had already been diagnosed in more than 54 breeds, with a high prevalence in Dobermann Pinchers. In dogs, vWD may be divided in three types, according to the pathophysiology. Type 1 is defined as a quantitative partial deficiency of vWF. Type 2 consists of a disproportional loss of high molecular weight multimeric forms and type 3 results from a severe quantitative deficiency of vWF. The most used test for the diagnosis of vWD are the buccal mucosa bleeding time, measurement of vWF antigen, ristocetin cofactor activity test, platelet aggregation induced by ristocetin and multimeric analysis of vWF. The purpose of this work was to establish and standardize the gold standard test for screening test of dogs with von Willebrand disease. The following tests were studied: Buccal mucosa bleeding time (BMBT), Ristocetin induced platelet aggregation Abstract (RIPA) and von Willebrand factor Antigen (FvW:Ag) ELISA...(Complete abstract, click electronic address below)
Mattoso, Cláudio Roberto Scabelo. "Determinação do teste padrão para o diagnóstico de cães com doença de von willebrand /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89271.
Full textBanca: Raimundo Souza Lopes
Banca: Paulo Ricardo de Oliveira Paes
Resumo: O fator de von Willebrand (FvW) realiza sua função promovendo a adesão plaquetária ao local de injúria vascular e funcionando como um estabilizador funcional para o fator VIII. As células endoteliais são o maior local de síntese e armazenamento do FvW. Também existe produção pelos megacariócitos, porém, as plaquetas caninas praticamente não armazenam o FvW. A doença de von Willebrand (DvW) é o distúrbio hemostático hereditário mais comum em homens e cães. Estudos mostram uma prevalência de 1 a 2% em humanos, sendo o tipo 1 o mais freqüente (60-80%), seguido pelo tipo 2 (15-30%) e pelo tipo 3 (5-10%). Em cães, a DvW já foi diagnosticada em mais de 54 raças, sendo encontrada com alta prevalência em Dobermanns. Os sinais clínicos mais comuns da DvW são sinais de alteração em hemostasia primária. Em cães, a DvW pode ser dividida em três tipos, de acordo com a fisiopatologia. A doença do tipo 1 é definida como uma deficiência parcial quantitativa do FvW. O tipo 2 consiste em perda desproporcional das formas multiméricas de alto peso molecular e o tipo 3 resulta de uma deficiência quantitativa grave do FvW. Os testes diagnósticos mais utilizados para a DvW são tempo de sangria, dosagem do antígeno do FvW, atividade de cofator da ristocetina, agregação plaquetária induzida pela ristocetina e análise multimérica do FvW. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar e padronizar o teste padrão para diagnóstico de Resumo cães com Doença de von Willebrand. Os testes estudados foram: Tempo de sangria da mucosa oral (TSMO), Agregação plaquetária induzida pela Ristocetina (RIPA) e Antígeno do fator de von Willebrand (FvW:Ag) ELISA...(Resumo completo, clicar eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: von Willebrand factor (vWF) perform its function promoting platelet adhesion to the local of vascular injury and is important for the maintenance of FVIII stability and function. Endothelial cells are the major synthesis and storage site. Megakariocytes may also produce vWF, but canine platelets practically dont store vwF. Clinical signs more commonly seen in vWD are associated to primary hemostatic alterations. von Willebrand disease (vWD) is the most common inherited hemostatic disease in human and dogs. Studies had demonstrated a prevalence of 1 to 2% in human beings, being the type I the most common (60-80%), followed by type 2 (15-30%) and type 3 (5-10%). In dogs, vWD had already been diagnosed in more than 54 breeds, with a high prevalence in Dobermann Pinchers. In dogs, vWD may be divided in three types, according to the pathophysiology. Type 1 is defined as a quantitative partial deficiency of vWF. Type 2 consists of a disproportional loss of high molecular weight multimeric forms and type 3 results from a severe quantitative deficiency of vWF. The most used test for the diagnosis of vWD are the buccal mucosa bleeding time, measurement of vWF antigen, ristocetin cofactor activity test, platelet aggregation induced by ristocetin and multimeric analysis of vWF. The purpose of this work was to establish and standardize the gold standard test for screening test of dogs with von Willebrand disease. The following tests were studied: Buccal mucosa bleeding time (BMBT), Ristocetin induced platelet aggregation Abstract (RIPA) and von Willebrand factor Antigen (FvW:Ag) ELISA...(Complete abstract, click electronic address below)
Mestre
Manoel, Camila Santos. "Alterações clínicas,hematológicas e sorológicas de cães infectados por Ehrlichia canis." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10136/tde-01022011-113218/.
Full textThe canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) is an infectious disease occurring worldwide and is transmitted by the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus. The clinical manifestations are nonspecific and multisystemic. It may present acute, asymptomatic and chronic phases, which may be presented with haematological changes such as thrombocytopenia, mild anemia and leukopenia during the acute phase, mild thrombocytopenia in asymptomatic phase, and pancytopenia in severe chronic cases. The establishment of prognostic indicators for the disease may be of great value to guide clinical treatment. The study of antibodies titer in infected dogs could help in the diagnosis of CME and in monitoring treatment. In order to identify the main clinical, hematological and serological changes in dogs infected with E. canis, 82 animals were selected with etiologic diagnosis of a CME (positive to Polymerase Chain Reaction - PCR). The dogs were subdivided into groups of asymptomatic animals (n = 12), sick and survivors (n = 51) and sick and non-survivors (n = 19). It was also conducted clinical, hematological and serological monitoring of 28 animals treated with recommended medication for the period until 180 days after treatment. In clinical analysis, there was no racial or sexual predisposition, however dogs older than 8 years of age had a higher frequency. The most frequently reported symptoms in all dogs except the asymptomatic patients were pale mucous membranes, apathy, appetite loss, lethargy and gastroenteritis. Hematological changes found in the group of sick dogs were anemia and thrombocytopenia, which varied only in intensity when comparing the survivors to the nonsurvivors, but only anemia and leukopenia were presented as negative prognostic factors for the disease. High titers of antibodies (2560 ≥) were observed in most infected animals, but they could not be considered indicators of persistent infection. In two out of the 28 monitored animals after treatment there was reinfection, compared to positive results back on the research of genetic material to E.canis, associated with relapse of hematological changes in one of the two animals, and sudden new increase in antibody titer. In other animals, despite the rapid rise of the concurrent title of relapse hematological changes, there was no erliquial DNA amplification, suggesting molecular diagnostic to be false negative. It was concluded that clinical and hematologic changes suggestive of the disease were found in sick animals, only anemia and leukopenia may be prognostic indicators of the disease, and that the interpretation of antibody titers should be done in line with clinical and hematologic changes of the suspect dog.
Zanotti, Luciana Carla Rameh-de-Albuquerque. "Aspectos hematológicos, bioquímicos, morfológicos e citoquímicos de células sangüíneas em Viperídeos neotropicais dos gêneros Bothrops e Crotalus mantidos em cativeiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10133/tde-31052007-143116/.
Full textThis study reports a panel for hematological, biochemical, morphological and cytochemical data for a group of captive snakes belonging to the genus Bothrops and Crotalus mantained at Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from ventral coccigeal vein and were processed according to standard protocols. Cytochemical staining including Sudan Black B (SBB), Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) and Benzidine peroxidase (BP) were conducted. Blood values were evaluated to determine interspecific and sex differences. We found a significant increase of basophils in Bothrops jararaca and higher levels of calcium in females. Azurophils stained positively for all stains and a differentiation between lymphocytes and thrombocytes was easily obtained with PAS stain. Basophils stained positively only with PAS in Bothrops alternatus. Heterophils staining varied between species. The ultrastructure of leucocytes were similar within described in literature, with some variations on granules of basophils and heterophils. Basophils granules were round, with heterogeneous size and density; whereas, heterphils granules were heterogeneous in shape, size and density.
Souza, Ana Cristina de. "Avaliação das populações celulares e da atividade proliferativa de precursores hematopoéticos esplênicos de camundongos submetidos à desnutrição protéica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9136/tde-10022015-164159/.
Full textMalnutrition usually affects the immune system, most of the times modifying the immunological response to pathogens, predisposing the individuals to infections. In this work the effect of protein malnutrition on splenic hematological precursors were investigated by clonogenic assays and immunephenotyping. Two months old male Swiss Webster mice were fed with chow containing 4% and 20% casein, respectively the deprived and the control groups. The animals were observed in metabolic cages, at 22-25° C and light-controlled during 12 hours. The experimental procedure was started after the animals were accustomed to the environment. The chow and water consumption as well as the weight were recorded every 48 hours. Soon after a 20-25% weight loss, blood samples were collected in order to determine hematological parameters, and serum protein and albumin. The splenic cells were collected and used to do the splenogram, clonogenic assays and immunephenotyping with monoclonal antibodies. Growth factors G-CSG (1 ng) and GM-CSF(0.1 ng) combination were employed to obtain the granulocytic progenitors CFC-GM. The growth factors IL-3 and EPO (5 UI) association were used to obtain the granulocytic and erythroid progenitors (CFC-Mix). The obtained data indicated significative reduction of weight, chow consumption, serum proteins, blood hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration and leucocytes in the deprived group. The deprived group splenic cellularity exhibited decrease in comparison to the control group as well. The clonogenic assays disclosed decreased formation of clusters and colonies at exposure to specific growth factors in the deprived group. In this group the immunephenotyping showed CD34+ cells increase, as well as linfoid T precursors, identified by anti CD2 and anti CD5, as well as linfoid B precursors, identified by anti CD19 and anti CD22. These data suggest that protein malnutrition leads, in vivo, to primitive cells reduction and progenitor cells maturative blocking. The clonogenic assays indicated that the hematopoietic cells from deprived animals did not respond to growth factors, suggesting that receptors, transduction and, or transcriptional modifications may have occurred.
Martin, Lelia Gonçalves Rocha. "Dimensionamento de profissionais de enfermagem em ambulatório de oncologia e hematologia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7140/tde-17072014-140727/.
Full textIntroduction: Oncology outpatient units have been receiving an increasing number of patients who need complex clinical care; however, most of them do not have appropriate information to support nursing staffing decisions. Objectives: To identify and analyze interventions/ activities performed by nursing professionals and to define parameters used to determine nursing staffing in a specialized oncology and hematology outpatient centers. Methods: Field methodology study that uses sampling technique, carried out in an oncology and hematology outpatient center of a private healthcare organization located in the city of Sao Paulo. Data were collected between April 15 to 19, 2013 and organized into steps: (1) Design a tool to measure frequency and duration of nursing interventions; (2) Validation of interventions/ activities of the tool; (3) Identification of frequency and time spend by nursing professionals in their interventions/ activities; (4) Dimensioning of nurses in an oncology and hematology outpatient unit. Results: The tool was designed and validated and encompassed 34 interventions and three activities. The field observers documented 3,694 observations of professionals in each category of nursing interventions/ activities. Documenting (24.1%) was the intervention that required more time from the team. Next, the activities that required more time from the nursing team were: maintenance of devices: venous access (9.2%), chemotherapy control (7.9%), telephone follow-up (5.1%) and person-to-person follow-up (4.7%). To nursing technicians, the activities were: environment control - comfort (12.3%); venous puncture - venous blood sample (11.9%); presence (10.1%), and monitoring of vital signs (9.4%). The mean daily number of patients corresponded to 37.2 (±4.4) patients. The average time spent on patient care, related to nursing care, associated activities, waiting time and personal activities corresponded to 3.3 hours (80% of nurses and 20% of nursing technicians). Productivity was 81.3%. Conclusion: This study led to the definition of parameters for staffing, plus the identification of type and proportion of nursing interventions that interfered on the workload and the application of equations to calculate nursing staffing. However, it still is a restricted view of the reality, which has to be multiplied in several and different specialized oncology outpatient centers.
SILVA, Talita Dayane Pereira e. "Tipagem E Teste De Compatibilidade Sanguínea, Caracterização Hematológica E Bioquímica Em Felinos Selvagens E Domésticos." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/853.
Full textThe neotropical felids are represented by ten species, having been Brazil eight host of these. These animals are constant victims of running over in highways and still they suffer with intense infestation for parasites, what it can result in intense anemia, being necessary the accomplishment of blood transfusion. In the present study blood samples were used of eight jaguarundies (Puma yagouaroundi), eight ocelots (Leopardus pardalis), seven pampas cats (Leopardus colocolo), seven domestic cats (Felis catus) of the Persian race and eight domestic cats (Felis catus) without definite race (SRD), whose aim was: a) to carry through blood typing and tests of compatibility between corresponding blood types in the different species; b) to carry through count blood cells (CBC), comparing the technique automatized by means of device BC - 2800 vet (software for domestic cats), with the manual technique for the wild species; and c) to carry through the profile biochemist and electrophoretic of serum proteins. In the typing, the occurrence of the blood type A was of 100% between ocelots, pampas cats and domestic cats Persian and of 85,72% between domestic cats SRD. 100% of the jaguarundies were type B and 14,28% of domestic cats SRD. To the tests of blood compatibility, 87,5% (n=4) of the ocelots were incompatible with domestic cats and 12,5% (n=1) were compatible; 100% (n= 6) of the pampas cats were compatible with domestic cats and 100% (n= 4) of the jaguarundies were incompatible with domestic cat of type B. It is concluded that in accordance with tests of blood compatibility the transfusion between domestic and pampas cats is possible, it is impossible the transfusion between domestic and jaguarundies and that more studies must be carried through for ocelots. In the comparison enters the techniques for the accomplishment of the CBC the automatized technique demonstrated statistical results equal for the majority of the parameters, also inside of the values of reference for the species, except in the counting of leukocytes of jaguarundies, whose resulted gotten for automation were bigger. It had good correlation between the techniques, mainly in the ocelot species. Concludes that device BC 2800 vet with the configuration for domestic cats is a technique fast and trustworthy in the accomplishment of blood cells count for species pampas cat and ocelot. The manual counting of leukocytes must be preferred for jaguarundies. The results gotten for many of the evaluated parameters biochemistries were similar to the described as values of reference for the studied species. However, the values found for ALT and AST were above of the values of reference for jaguarundies and ocelots. The value of glucose was above for the species pampas cat. The urea was above of the values of reference for the three species. The electrophoretic race for the analyzed species was similar to the described one for domestic cats contends albumen, alpha globulins (alpha 1 and 2), beta globulins (beta 1 and 2) and gamma globulins, however, in all the species had individuals that they had not presented beta globulin of the type beta 2. The gotten results can be used as normality parameters for the species pampas cat, ocelots and jaguarundies from Cerrado biome.
Os felídeos neotropicais são representados por dez espécies, sendo o Brasil hospedeiro de oito destas. Estes animais são constantes vítimas de atropelamentos em rodovias e sofrem com infestação intensa por parasitas, o que pode resultar em quadros de anemia intensa, necessitando transfusão sanguínea. No presente estudo foram utilizadas amostras sanguíneas de oito gatos mouriscos (Puma yagouaroundi), oito jaguatiricas (Leopardus pardalis), sete gatos palheiros (Leopardus colocolo), sete gatos domésticos (Felis catus) da raça Persa e de oito gatos domésticos (Felis catus) sem raça definida (SRD), cujo objetivo foi: a) realizar tipagens sanguíneas e testes de compatibilidade entre tipos sanguíneos correspondentes nas diferentes espécies; b) realizar hemogramas, comparando a técnica automatizada por meio do contador automático BC 2800 vet, com software para gatos domésticos, com a técnica manual para as espécies selvagens; e c) realizar o perfil bioquímico e eletroforético de proteínas séricas. Nas tipagens, a ocorrência do tipo sanguíneo tipo A foi de 100% entre as jaguatiricas, gatos palheiro e gatos domésticos Persa e de 85,72% entre os gatos domésticos SRD. 100% dos gatos mouriscos foi tipo B e 14,28% dos gatos domésticos SRD. Aos testes de compatibilidade sanguínea, 87,5% (n=4) das jaguatiricas foram incompatíveis com gatos domésticos e 12,5% (n=1) foram compatíveis; 100% (n= 6) dos gatos palheiros foi compatível com gatos domésticos e 100% (n= 4) dos gatos mouriscos foi incompatível com gato doméstico do tipo B. Conclui-se que, de acordo com testes de compatibilidade sanguínea, é possível não reação transfusional aguda entre gatos domésticos e palheiros, é impossível a transfusão entre gatos domésticos e mouriscos e que mais estudos devem ser realizados para jaguatiricas. Na comparação entre as técnicas para a realização do hemograma a técnica automatizada demonstrou resultados estatisticamente iguais para a maioria dos parâmetros, inclusive dentro dos valores de referência para as espécies, exceto na contagem de leucócitos de gatos mouriscos, cujos resultados obtidos por automação foram maiores. Houve boa correlação entre as técnicas, principalmente na espécie jaguatirica. Conclui-se que o aparelho BC 2800 vet com a configuração para gatos domésticos é uma maneira rápida e confiável na realização de hemogramas para as espécies gato palheiro e jaguatirica e que a contagem manual de leucócitos deve ser preferida para gatos mouriscos. Os resultados obtidos para muitos dos parâmetros bioquímicos avaliados foram semelhantes aos descritos como valores de referência para as espécies estudadas. No entanto, os valores encontrados para ALT e AST estavam acima dos valores de referência para gatos mouriscos e jaguatiricas e o valor de glicose estava acima para a espécie gato palheiro. A uréia estava acima dos valores de referência para as três espécies. A corrida eletroforética para as espécies analisadas foi semelhante à descrita para gatos domésticos contendo albumina, alfaglobulinas alfa 1 e alfa 2, betaglobulinas beta 1 e beta 2 e gamaglobulina, no entanto, em todas as espécies houveram indivíduos que não apresentaram betaglobulina do tipo beta 2. Os resultados obtidos podem ser utilizados como parâmetros de normalidade para as espécies gato palheiro, gato mourisco e jaguatirica do bioma Cerrado.
Vivona, Douglas. "Avaliação da associação dos polimorfismos C1236T, C3435T e G2677T/A no gene ABCB1 a marcadores de resposta ao mesilato de imatinibe em pacientes com leucemia mieloide crônica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9136/tde-12072011-103539/.
Full textThe chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal expansion of the hematopoietic progenitor cell, representing myeloid hyperplasia, leukocytosis, neutrophilia, basophilia and splenomegaly. The Philadelphia chromosome is peculiar on the disease, being the result of the translocation t(9; 22) (q34; q11), leading on the fusion of the ABL and BCR genes. This merger creates a hybrid gene that produces a protein with high activity of tyrosine kinase that is the main pathogenesis of CML. The Imatinib mesylate (IM) is a fenilaminopirimidine derivative which inhibits the ABL protein-tyrosine kinase in vitro and in vivo. The MI interacts with membrane efflux transporters, such as ATP binding cassette B1 (ABCB1). Polymorphisms in the ABCB1 gene have been associated with changes in its functionality and may be involved on the response to drug treatment. This study aims to investigate the relationship of C1236T, C3435T and G2677T / A polymorphisms in ABCB1 gene with response markers for MI treatment in individuals with CML, and to determine the predisposing factors of response to MI. 118 patients with CML were included and divided in two groups. Group 1: 70 patients with complete cytogenetic response and a standard dose of IM (400 mg / day IM) for up to 18 months. Group 2: 48 patients without a complete cytogenetic response and initial dose of 400 mg / day IM or whith response lost throughout the treatment. Blood samples were obtained for: quantification of BCR-ABL1, genomic DNA extraction and band G cytogenetic analysis. The analysis of the polymorphisms were performed by PCR-RFLP. The treatment response was evaluated according to European LeukemiaNet criteria. The frequency distribution of genotypes of C1236T, C3435T and G2677T / A polymorphisms were similar in both sexes and between whites and nonwhites. The polymorphisms studied had no influence on the CML development or MI response. The haplotype ABCB1 1236CT/2677GT/3435CT (for C1236T/G2677T/C3435T polymorphisms in the ABCB1) was found in 51.7% patients with major molecular response (P = 0.010). There was a tendency for higher frequency of patients with 1236 CT and TT genotypes in the responders group (86.7%) when the molecular response was analyzed (p = 0.069). The same happened in the nonresponders group when the C1236T polymorphism was considered. There was a tendency for a higher frequency of complete molecular response in patients with 2677 GT + TT + TA genotype in both groups (responders P = 0.074 and nonresponders P = 0.076). In conclusion, genotypes and haplotypes for ABCB1 C1236T, C3435T and G2677T / A polymorphisms are associated with molecular response in patients with CML that respond to MI treatment.
Angst, Patrícia Daniela Melchiors. "CONDIÇÃO PERIODONTAL E SUA CORRELAÇÃO COM PARÂMETROS HEMATOLÓGICOS EM PACIENTES COM LEUCEMIA." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6100.
Full textObjetivos: Este estudo transversal avaliou a condição periodontal, e sua correlação com parâmetros hematológicos, em pacientes com diferentes tipos de Leucemia. Materiais e Métodos: Pacientes com leucemia, em qualquer fase do tratamento, e idade mínima de 14 anos foram elegíveis. Pacientes edêntulos, com aparelho ortodôntico, com necessidade de profilaxia antimicrobiana, usuários de medicamentos associados com aumento de volume gengival, e com distúrbios psicomotores foram excluídos. Dois examinadores treinados e calibrados avaliaram: índices de Seymour (IS), de Placa, e Gengival (IG), Profundidade de sondagem, Sangramento a sondagem, e Nível de inserção clínica (NIC), e aplicaram entrevista estruturada. Dados médicos foram obtidos do prontuário médico, e dados hematológicos foram coletados do hemograma realizado no mesmo dia dos exames periodontais. Resultados: Foram avaliados 68 pacientes (idade média=43,4). Parâmetros periodontais inflamatórios estavam em concordância com acúmulo de placa; e não foram influenciados pelo tipo de leucemia. Entretanto, NIC foi estatisticamente menor na leucemia linfóide aguda. Alteração bucal ao momento do diagnóstico foi relatada por 45% dos pacientes. Correlação entre parâmetros periodontais e hematológicos não foi observada. Correlação entre IG e IS foi estatisticamente significante (rS=0,47;p=0,00). Conclusões: Condição periodontal foi em geral semelhante nos diferentes tipos de leucemia, e não associada com parâmetros hematológicos.
Santos, Rogerio Batista dos. "Estudo sobre métodos de avaliação da anemia ferropriva em bezerros neonatos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10136/tde-20032014-142416/.
Full textThe zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) is a metabolic originated by zinc addition in the iron site during the synthesis of hemoglobin molecule, when iron is total or partially unavailable. The aim of this study was to standardize the values of zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) in erythrocyte of healthy calves until one month of life, and to evaluate this determination as a predictor of the occurrence of iron deficiency anemia in newborn calves, compared with other methods. Therefore, 134 Holstein calves were used, aged from birth to 30 days of life, from dairy farms located in the São Paulo State, splitted into two groups, classified as healthies (67 animals), and anemics (67 animals). The animals were monitored by physical examination and laboratory assessments (complete blood cell count and reticulocytes, serum iron (SI) and total iron binding capacity (TIBC), levels of serum bilirubin and urea, and ZPP levels). During the exam standardization, the mean values found were: erythrocyte ZPP of unwashed erythrocytes within 3 hours after blood sampling of 30 healthy animals - 80.9 µmol ZPP/mol heme; erythrocyte ZPP after washing of red blood cells, determined by 3 hours and 12 hours after blood collection, from the same group were 61.40 µmol ZPP/mol heme and 61.03 µmol ZPP/mol heme, respectively. Based on these results, it was concluded that blood samples taken for measurement of ZPP may be stored under refrigeration at 4 °C for up to 12 hours, without significant changes of the values of erythrocyte ZPP, and it is also advisable to wash the red cells before erythrocyte ZPP values measuring, due to the presence of interfering substances in the animal plasma. A significant difference was found in the ZPP levels and in all erythrogram components, as well as on the levels of iron metabolism between anemic and healthy animals. The bilirubin and serum urea levels remained within physiological variation, does not interfering with the measurement of erythrocyte ZPP of calves with or without anemia. The correlation values between SI and TIBC with ZPP levels were: rs = - 0.45, p < 0.001 (ZPP x SI) and rs = 0.51, p < 0.001 (ZPP x TIBC), respectively, i.e. decreasing biochemical levels of iron metabolism will increase levels of ZPP. Therefore, the use of ZPP as an iron deficiency anemia predictor in newborn calves up to one month of life has proven its validity, and considering hematofluorometry as a quick and inexpensive method, it might be recommended as a routine exam.
Santos, Andressa Cristina Antunes. "Efeito da desnutrição proteica sobre aspectos da mobilização, migração e sinalização celular. Papel da glutamina na modulação desses processos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9136/tde-28042016-104055/.
Full textMalnutrition is a nutritional condition that can affect many aspects of immune responses, affecting cell migration, phagocytosis, bactericidal response and changing free radicals production as nitrogen species and production of proinflammatory cytokines. Therefore, malnourished individuals are more susceptible to infections. Once glutamine is an amino acid of extreme importance to the functionality of various immune cells and those cells exhibit increased use of this amino acid during infectious processes. In this work was investigated, the effects of glutamine in some aspects of mobilization, cell migration and signaling in an experimental model of protein malnutrition. For this purpose, we used BALB/c mice, which received isocaloric diets, normoproteic or hypoproteic, containing respectively, 12% (Control group) and 2% (Malnourished group) of protein for a period of 5 weeks. The animals in both groups, for in vivo evaluations, received intravenous 100 µl of a solution containing 1.25µg of LPS and after 1 hour 0.75mg/kg of L-glutamine (GLUT). After the malnutrition period or the inflammatory process induction, the animals were euthanized and biological samples were collected. Were evaluated blood count, bone marrow, the cytokines IL-10 and TNF-α circulating and expression of CD11b/CD18 in granulocytes from peripheral blood of animals stimulated in vivo. In vitro were evaluated the migratory capacity, the expression of CD11b/CD18 polymorphonuclear bone marrow and peripheral blood, as well as the cytokines synthesis IL-1α, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 and TNF-α and the expression of NF-κB and IκBα in cultured cells in media with 0; 0.6; 2 and 10 mM GLUT. Malnourished animals presented anemia, leukopenia, marrow hypoplasia and lower serum proteins, albumin and prealbumin. The GLUT in vitro has the capacity to reduce IL-1α and IL-6 as well as the activation of the NF-κB. In in vivo model, the GLUT altered neutrophil migration kinetics and reduced the expression of CD18, as well as decreased levels of circulating TNF-α in animals stimulated with LPS.
Alsaeede, Mustafa. "Test and Evaluation of a Novel Passive Tool Used For Blood Dilution in Hematology Analyzers." Thesis, KTH, Medicinteknik och hälsosystem, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-223711.
Full textAbstract Föreliggande uppfinning avser en unik metod och anordning för blodprovspädning i hematologiska analysatorer. Innan en analys startas, måste en hematologicellräknare utspäda exakt definierad volym helblodsprov med ett utspädningsreagens. (i detta fall 20ml av ett blodprov med 4,5 ml utspädningsreagens). Denna spädnings process måste vara repeterbar med en extremt hög prestanda och spädningsratio (i detta fallet 1:200). I de flesta fall används så kallade vridventiler (”shear valves”) för att göra mycket exakta blod volymsbeskäringar. Dessa komponenter är i hematologisystemen dock oftast extremt kostsamma och utger en mycket högre komplexitet på systemet på många sätt. Denna avhandling var därmed en utredningsstudie för att undersöka en ny passiv avskavnings mekanism och metod så kallad ”shear block”, (SB) som skulle kunna ersätta nuvarande vridventiler i Boules nuvarande hematologisystem. Denna metod har många fördelar så som lägre kostnad, simplifierad mekanism, flexibilitet inför integration med microfluidiska system samt att färre komplexa kontrollsystem och utrustning vilket minskar kalibrering och underhållsbehov. Hypotesen inför denna studie är därmed att Shear Block spädningsmetoden endast påverkas av blodets viskositet. Genom förändringar av blodets viskositet, via hematokrit- och temperaturändringar, försökt påvisa om det skapar en signifikant effekt på spädnings processen i SB. Detta testades genom två experiment som vardera innehöll två testgrupper: en kontrollgrupp (KG) och en testgrupp (TG). Alla tester genomfördes med samma blodprov, mätdonsinstrument (Medonic M32) och test uppsättning. I testuppsättningen var KG (N=30) 20ul uppmätta blodprover som med hjälp av en elektronisk pipette aspirerats under rumstemperatur innan det sedan blandats med 4,5ml spädningsreagens som automatiskt dispenseras från Medonic M32 instrumentet. Denna 20ul blod med 4,5ml reagens skapar den 1:200 spädningsratio. TG (var N=30 för varje respektive testgrupp) var spätt genom SB med en fullt automatiserad process för den 1:200 spädningen. Alla spädda prover var sedan analyserade på Medonic M32 för alla hematologiparametrar och HGB värdet användes som en indikator för att kvantifiera spädningsprovernas blodvolym i TG körningarna med KG värden som referens. TG bestod av två grupper: Den första undersökte påverkan av HCT och den andra temperaturen på blodets volym, innan spädningen, i SB. HCT nivåer på 15, 27, 33 samt 58 % testades först under en konstant 25°C. Andra testgruppen undersökte sedan effekten av 15, 25, 35 och 39°C på ett prov med HCT=33%. Poängen med dessa TG var att validera SB funktionen. Utfallet visade dock att blodprover spädda genom SB var högst påverkade av HCT koncentrationen och därmed den oönskade extrablodvolymen var direkt proportionerlig med den ökade HCT koncentrationen. Däremot var det ingen volympåverkan på prover spädda via SB med temperaturskillnader mellan 15 till 35°C. Sammanfattningsvis var tyvärr inte experimentets resultat konsekventa med våra förutsägelser för SB simulatorn då SB inte innefattade och tog hänsyn till hela spädningsprocessen.
Gomes, Isabele Bessera Santos. "Avaliação dos parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos de voluntários sadios da Unidade de Farmacologia Clínica da UFC." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2005. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/2411.
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The values of reference of laboratorial parameters are defined on the basis of statistical criteria for a random sample of individuals. The published parameters of reference are proceeding from a variety of samples, including blood donors, participants of job admission examinations and normal voluntaries that are submitted to routine examinations for clinical assays. This research is of the documentary type with quantitative approach. The sample was constituted by 1.947 laboratorial parameters of healthy volunteers, of both genders, with average of 25 years, which had participated of clinical assays in the Clinical Pharmacological Unit (UNIFAC – UFC), between the years of 1999 and 2003. For the accomplishment of the study, the following information had been obtained from case report files: identification of the volunteer, besides the hematological and biochemical parameters. Seventy five clinical assays have been investigated. The results demonstrated statistical differences between the genders, for the majority of the analyzed parameters. The normal reference intervals have been calculated by the method of percentiles, being found the following values for the hematological analysis for women and men, respectively: erytrocytes – from 3.9 to 5.0 millions/mm3 and from 4.4 to 5.7 millions/mm3; hemoglobin – from 14.8 to 15.3 g/dL, and from 13.6 to 16.9 g/dL; leukocytes – between 4.400 and 10.500/mm3, and between 4.200 and 10.100//mm3; platelets – from 165.000 to 397.000/mm3, and from 155.600 to 354.400/mm3. For the biochemical parameters, there were found the following values for women and men, respectively: creatinine – from 0.5 to 0.9 mg/dL, and from 0.7 to 1.2 mg/dL; glucose – between 69 and 96 mg/dL, and between 71 and 100 mg/dL; cholesterol – between 118 and 224 mg/dL, and between 112 and 219 mg/dL; triglycerides – from 38 to 171 mg/dL, and from 42 to 197 mg/dL. Our findings suggest that the reference values of investigated parameters, for the metropolitan population of Fortaleza, must be redefined as that enclosed in the interval between the 2.5 and 97, which correspond to 95% of the total distribution of the values of each parameter.
Os valores de referência de exames laboratoriais são definidos com base em critérios estatísticos para uma amostra aleatória de indivíduos. Os parâmetros de referência publicados são provenientes de uma variedade de amostras, incluindo doadores de sangue, participantes de exames admissionais e voluntários normais que fazem exames de rotina para ensaios clínicos. Esta pesquisa é do tipo documental com abordagem quantitativa. A amostra foi constituída por 1.947 exames laboratoriais dos voluntários sadios, de ambos os sexos, com idade média de 25 anos, que participaram de ensaios clínicos na UNIFAC, entre os anos de 1999 e 2003. Para a realização do estudo, foram colhidos dos prontuários as seguintes informações: dados de identificação do voluntário, além dos parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos. Foram investigados setenta e cinco ensaios clínicos, tendo os resultados demonstrado diferença estatística entre os sexo, para a maioria dos parâmetros analisados. As faixas de referência foram calculadas pelo método dos percentis, sendo encontrado os seguintes valores para a análise hematológica para mulheres e homens, respectivamente: eritrócitos - de 3,9 a 5,0 milhões/mm3 e 4,4 a 5,7 milhões/mm3; hemoglobina - de 14,8 a 15,3 g/dL e 13,6 a 16,9 g/dL; leucócitos - de 4.400 a 10.500/ mm3 e 4.200 a 10.100/mm3; plaquetas – de 165.000 a 397.000/ mm3 e 155600 a 354400/ mm3. Já para os parâmetros bioquímicos, verificaram-se os seguintes valores para mulheres e homens, respectivamente: creatinina - de 0,5 a 0,9 mg/dL e 0,7 a 1,2 mg/dL; glicose - de 69 a 96 mg/dL e 71 a 100 mg/dL; colesterol - de 118 a 224 mg/dL e 112 a 219 mg/dL; triglicerídeos - de 38,0 a 171 mg/dL e 42 a 197 mg/dL. Os nossos achados sugerem que os valores de referência dos parâmetros investigados, para a população metropolitana de Fortaleza, sejam redefinidos como aqueles incluídos no intervalo entre os percentis 2,5o e 97o, os quais correspondem a 95% da distribuição total dos valores de cada parâmetro.
Bicudo, Álvaro José de Almeida. "Exigências nutricionais de juvenis de pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus Holmberg, 1887): proteína, energia e aminoácidos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11139/tde-18112008-094532/.
Full textPacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus, a neotropical, omnivorous native characin, widely used in Brazilian aquaculture. However, some aspects of your nutrition are controversial or ignored. This work aimed at determining dietary protein, energy and amino acids requirements of juvenile pacu through the evaluation of performance, body composition and hematological parameters. In a first trial, pacu juveniles (15.5±0.4 g) were fed twice a day for 10 weeks until apparent saciety with diets containing crude protein (CP) from 22 to 38 % (intervals of 4%) and digestible energy levels among 2600 and 3400 kcal kg-1 (intervals of 200 kcal), in a totally randomized experimental design, 5 × 5 factorial scheme (n=3). Weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) increased significantly with amount dietary CP. Nitrogen retention (NR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) decreased (p<0.05) with increasing dietary protein at all tested levels of dietary energy. DE levels affected (p<0.05) whole body moisture, protein, fat, ash, gross energy and condition factor. Economic efficiency ratio was influenced by dietary protein (p<0.05) and digestible energy (p<0.05), and by interaction between the two factors. However, income was affected by dietary protein level (p<0.05) alone. Significant effect of treatments in hematological parameters were registered for mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, total plasma protein and plasma glucose. Crude protein requirements and optimum protein:energy ratio for weight gain of juveniles of pacu were 271 g kg-1 and 92.9 mg kcal-1, respectively. All dietary crude protein and digestible energy levels studied did not pose harms to fish health. Dietary lysine requirement of juvenile pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus (4.3 g) was determined by feeding five isonitrogenous (32% crude protein) amino acid test diets containing casein, gelatin and Lcrystalline amino acids with graded levels of lysine (0.90, 1.17, 1.44, 1.69 and 1.96% of dry diet) for 74 days, three times a day until apparent satiation, to groups (n=4) of 18 fish in a totally randomized design trial. No mortality or nutritional deficiency signs were observed; reduced growth was recorded for fish fed diets with either the lower or the higher lysine contents. Final weight (FW), WG, SGR, feed efficiency (FE), PER, NR, proximate whole body composition, morphometry and hematology were affected (p<0.05) by dietary lysine concentrations. Seconddegree polynomial regression analysis of WG and PER data indicated dietary lysine requirement of 1.45, 1,51 and 1.43% of dry diet, respectively to WG, FE and PPV. Significantly higher lipid and protein contents values were obtained for whole body of fish fed the diets with 0.9 and 1.96% of lysine. Lysine requirement of juvenile pacu was determined as being 1.5% of dry diet.
Brito, Glauber da Costa de. "Avaliação imunológica de vacina de polissacarídeo meningocócico C conjugado e encapsulado em lipossomo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46131/tde-21122015-154357/.
Full textConjugation technology has improved the immunogenicity of polysaccharide vaccines, specially in small children. Polysaccharides conjugated to various carrier proteins, e.g. tetanus toxoid, stimulate a T cell-dependent antibody response and induce a long-term immunological memory. However, protein-polysaccharide conjugation technology is expensive and this could constitute an important drawback. Thus, immunopotentiation of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C polysaccharide (PSC) by use of liposomes as an alternative to protein-polysaccharide C conjugates was investigated. Mice were immunized with liposomes containing PSC or tetanus toxoid-PSC conjugate or free PSC as control and boosted with free PSC. Immunogenicity of these different preparations was compared with each other. Conjugate and liposome containing PSC induced both IgG and IgM antibodies against the polysaccharide. These results show that liposomes containing entrapped PSC have potential to be used as an alternative to tetanus toxoid-PSC conjugate vaccine.
Almeida, Geraldo Silva de Campos. "Suplementação dietética de vitamina C, desenvolvimento e sanidade do pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus Holmberg, 1887)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11139/tde-09022004-155038/.
Full textThe pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus Holmberg, 1887 (Characiformes, Characidae), is one of the main species of the Brazilian aquatic fauna with great potential for inland aquaculture. Studies on nutritional requirements of the species are important tools to establish the basis for the formulation of complete diets and consolidate the intensive and viable farming of the species. Dietary vitamin C supplementation plays an important role in feed efficiency, sanity of the stocks and economical viability of fish diets. The objective of this study was to determine nutritional requirements of vitamin C of fingerling pacu (9.06 ± 1.40 g), fed diets containing different levels of vitamin C, ad libitum, twice a day for 63 days, through the performance indexes weight gain (WG), feed consumption, feed conversion rate (FCR), specific growth rate (SGR); sanity through incidence of vitamin C deficiency signals, and hematological analyses red blood cells counting (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and total white blood cells counting (WBC). Semi-purified diets were supplemented with 0 (control), 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 500, 700, and 900 mg of vitamin C (ascorbic acid monophosphate) kg -1 , and fed to fish in a totally randomized design with four replicates. Effects of dietary levels of vitamin C on performance parameters were analyzed by linear polynomial regression and non-linear segmented regression. No differences were detected among treatments (P>0.05). Regression analysis for final weight (FW) and WG indicated positive, linear tendency with larger vitamin C doses, the best level for FW being 423.1 mg of vitamin C kg -1 diet. The average relative weight gain of fish was 460.8%. There was linear, negative effect of vitamin C doses on the averages FCR (P=0.038), reaching the break point at 635.7 mg vitamin C kg -1 diet (P=0.068), and average FCR=0.95 for all treatments. The average SGR (2.72% day -1 ) did not differ among treatments (P>0.05). Averages of hematological variables did not differ (P>0.05). RBC had negative linear effect with increasing dietary vitamin C (P <0.05). A quadratic effect was determined for HCT (P=0.024); the break point of the non-linear segmented regression was 254.0 mg vitamin C kg -1 diet. There was a low, positive linear evidence for MCV (P=0.090), the break point standing at 109.7 mg of vitamin C kg -1 of diet. There was low, negative linear evidence for average Hb (P=0.103), and the averages for WBC did not differ (P>0.05) among treatments. Radiological exams did not detect structural deformities in the analyzed fish. The level of 254.0 mg vitamin C kg -1 diet was enough to allow sanity and appropriate performance of fingerling pacu.
Gonçalves, Adriano [UNESP]. "Concentração letal 'CL IND.50-96H' e efeitos sub-letais do selenito de sódio ('NA IND.2'SE'O IND.3') em tilápia do nilo, Oreochromis niloticus (linnaeus, 1757): alterações hematológicas e histopatológicas." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/144174.
Full textFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Neste trabalho foi empregado o bioensaio em fluxo semi-estático, utilizando tilápia, Oreochromis niloticus, (Linnaeus, 1757) para avaliar a toxicidade aguda e crônica do selenito de sódio. Para a determinação da concentração letal média (CL50), utilizou-se o teste de toxicidade aguda com alevinos submetidos a diferentes concentrações de selenito de sódio na água. Para o teste de toxicidade crônica, foram empregadas quatro condições, sendo uma controle, duas concentrações estimadas a partir das frações CL50 / 10 (0,4 mgSe4+/L) e CL50 /100 (0,04 mgSe4+/L) e a última divulgada pela resolução do CONAMA (1986) (0,01 mgSe4+/L). O experimento foi conduzido por 14 dias, com amostragem de dois indivíduos por tratamento antes e após o terceiro, sétimo, décimo e décimo quarto dia para a avaliação dos efeitos crônicos sub-letais, através das análises hematológicas e histopatológicas. Os parâmetros hematológicos analisados foram: número de eritrócitos (Er), taxa de hemoglobina (Hb), hematócrito (Ht), número de trombócitos (Tr), número total e diferencial de leucócitos e cálculo dos índices hematimétricos absolutos: volume corpuscular médio (VCM), hemoglobina corpuscular média (HCM) e concentração de hemoglobina corpuscular média (CHCM). Foram coletados fragmentos de brânquias, fígado e rim, fixados em formol 10%, por 24 horas à temperatura ambiente, posteriormente transferido para solução de álcool 70%, armazenados em frascos e depois processados para inclusão em parafina. Os cortes de 6 mm de espessura foram corados com hematoxilinaeosina. Com os dados obtidos, foi possível determinar a concentração letal média (CL50-96h) para selenito de sódio de 4,29 mgSe4+/L, para alevinos de tilápia. Para as análises hematológicas verificou-se diferença significativa (p< 0,05) para alguns parâmetros: volume corpuscular médio (VCM), concentração de...
This work was a bioassay with tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, performed in order to evaluate acute and chronic toxicity caused by sodium selenite. In order to determine Mean Lethal (CL50) concentration, acute toxicity test was used in juveniles submitted to different concentrations of selenito in the water. In the chronic toxicity test, four conditions were tested: a control one, two concentrations estimated from fractions CL50 / 10 (0.4 mgSe4+/L) and CL50 /100 (0.04 mgSe4+/L), and a last one, reported by CONAMA resolution (1986) (0.01 mgSe4+/L). The trial lasted 14 days, and sampling consisted of two individuals per treatment collected in the following intervals: 0, 3, 7, 10 and 14 days, in the evaluation of sublethal chronic effects. Samples were submitted to hematological and histopathological analyses. Hematological parameters analyzed were: erythrocyte count (Er), hemoglobin level (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), thrombocyte count (Tr), total and differential leukocyte count and calculation of absolute hematimetric indices: mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Fragments of branchia, liver and kidneys were collected and fixed and formaldehyde 10% for 24 hours at room temperature. They were then transferred to alcohol 70% and placed in jars to be later on included in paraffin. Six-μm thick sections were produced and stained using hematoxilin-eosin. According to the results obtained, it was possible to determine mean lethal concentration (CL50) for sodium selenite as equal to 4.29 mgSe4+/L, for tilapia juveniles. Hematological analyses showed that significant differences (p<0.05) could be observed in the following parameters: mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and hemoglobin concentration (Hb), when selenite concentration was equal to ...
Gonçalves, Adriano. "Concentração letal 'CL IND.50-96H' e efeitos sub-letais do selenito de sódio ('NA IND.2'SE'O IND.3') em tilápia do nilo, Oreochromis niloticus (linnaeus, 1757) : alterações hematológicas e histopatológicas /." Jaboticabal, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/144174.
Full textCoorientador: Júlio Vicente Lombardi
Banca: Flávio Ruas de Moraes
Banca: José Roberto Ferreira
Resumo: Neste trabalho foi empregado o bioensaio em fluxo semi-estático, utilizando tilápia, Oreochromis niloticus, (Linnaeus, 1757) para avaliar a toxicidade aguda e crônica do selenito de sódio. Para a determinação da concentração letal média (CL50), utilizou-se o teste de toxicidade aguda com alevinos submetidos a diferentes concentrações de selenito de sódio na água. Para o teste de toxicidade crônica, foram empregadas quatro condições, sendo uma controle, duas concentrações estimadas a partir das frações CL50 / 10 (0,4 mgSe4+/L) e CL50 /100 (0,04 mgSe4+/L) e a última divulgada pela resolução do CONAMA (1986) (0,01 mgSe4+/L). O experimento foi conduzido por 14 dias, com amostragem de dois indivíduos por tratamento antes e após o terceiro, sétimo, décimo e décimo quarto dia para a avaliação dos efeitos crônicos sub-letais, através das análises hematológicas e histopatológicas. Os parâmetros hematológicos analisados foram: número de eritrócitos (Er), taxa de hemoglobina (Hb), hematócrito (Ht), número de trombócitos (Tr), número total e diferencial de leucócitos e cálculo dos índices hematimétricos absolutos: volume corpuscular médio (VCM), hemoglobina corpuscular média (HCM) e concentração de hemoglobina corpuscular média (CHCM). Foram coletados fragmentos de brânquias, fígado e rim, fixados em formol 10%, por 24 horas à temperatura ambiente, posteriormente transferido para solução de álcool 70%, armazenados em frascos e depois processados para inclusão em parafina. Os cortes de 6 mm de espessura foram corados com hematoxilinaeosina. Com os dados obtidos, foi possível determinar a concentração letal média (CL50-96h) para selenito de sódio de 4,29 mgSe4+/L, para alevinos de tilápia. Para as análises hematológicas verificou-se diferença significativa (p< 0,05) para alguns parâmetros: volume corpuscular médio (VCM), concentração de...
Abstract: This work was a bioassay with tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, performed in order to evaluate acute and chronic toxicity caused by sodium selenite. In order to determine Mean Lethal (CL50) concentration, acute toxicity test was used in juveniles submitted to different concentrations of selenito in the water. In the chronic toxicity test, four conditions were tested: a control one, two concentrations estimated from fractions CL50 / 10 (0.4 mgSe4+/L) and CL50 /100 (0.04 mgSe4+/L), and a last one, reported by CONAMA resolution (1986) (0.01 mgSe4+/L). The trial lasted 14 days, and sampling consisted of two individuals per treatment collected in the following intervals: 0, 3, 7, 10 and 14 days, in the evaluation of sublethal chronic effects. Samples were submitted to hematological and histopathological analyses. Hematological parameters analyzed were: erythrocyte count (Er), hemoglobin level (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), thrombocyte count (Tr), total and differential leukocyte count and calculation of absolute hematimetric indices: mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Fragments of branchia, liver and kidneys were collected and fixed and formaldehyde 10% for 24 hours at room temperature. They were then transferred to alcohol 70% and placed in jars to be later on included in paraffin. Six-μm thick sections were produced and stained using hematoxilin-eosin. According to the results obtained, it was possible to determine mean lethal concentration (CL50) for sodium selenite as equal to 4.29 mgSe4+/L, for tilapia juveniles. Hematological analyses showed that significant differences (p<0.05) could be observed in the following parameters: mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and hemoglobin concentration (Hb), when selenite concentration was equal to ...
Mestre
Vituri, Cidônia de Lourdes. "Efeito da desnutrição protéica sobre a matriz extracelular da medula óssea de camundongos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9136/tde-09042015-124142/.
Full textBlood cells have their origin at the bone marrow through the stem cell which undergoes a proliferation, differentiation and maturation process in the hematopoietic microenvironment. The hematopoietic environment is a highly organized structure formed by stromal cells, extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, and cytokines. Protein-energy malnutrition reduces the production of blood cells, interfering with the defense of the organism. In the present work we have studied the effects protein malnutrition has on the ECM of bone marrow in mice. We have evaluated ECM composition by means of SDS PAGE 7,5% and Western blot for fibronectin (FN), laminin (LN) and thrombospondin (TSP). We assessed the capacity ECM has in adhesion and support of proliferation of the FDC-P1 myeloid cell both in the absence and in the presence of GM-CSF and IL3 cytokines. We have also measured the binding capacity of these cytokines in the ECM. The electrophoresis profile showed the existence of differences between the ECM proteins in the undernourished animal and the control. Using gel densitometry, we observed in samples from the undernourished animal a greater intensity of bands of 220, 182, 108, 60 and 56 KDa molecular weight as compared to control. At 72 KDa the band was more intense on samples from control animals. The 60 KDa band was evident only on samples taken from undernourished animals. The 123 and 49 KDa bands were evident on control animals only. Expression of FN, LN, and TSP was greater on samples from undernourished animals. Adhesion and proliferation assays, both in the presence and in the absence of cytokines, did not show significant differences among samples. When we evaluated the capacity ECM has to bind to GM-CSF, a greater interaction was seen with the ECM from the undernourished animal than the ECM from the control. Binding test for IL3 showed no differences existed among samples. Such findings suggest protein malnutrition causes alterations of the ECM, modifying the hematopoietic microenvironment.
Volkmer, Ivete Terezinha. "Modelos de homem subjacentes ao sistema da qualidade total : estudo de caso no Centro de Hematologia e Hemoterapia de Santa Catarina /." Florianópolis, SC, 2013. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/106477.
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Ishikawa, Nilton Massuo [UNESP]. "Toxicidade aguda e crônica do mercúrio em tilápia Tailandesa, Oreochromis niloticus: derteminação da CL50-96h e alterações hematológicas." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/144157.
Full textEste trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a Concentração Letal Média (CL50) através do teste de toxicidade aguda em tilápia de linhagem Tailandesa, Oreochromis niloticus, exposta a diversas concentrações de cloreto de mercúrio (HgCl2) na água. O teste foi conduzido no laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática do Instituto de Pesca - SP, em ambiente climatizado. A metodologia foi padronizada de acordo com as recomendações expressas em APHA et al. (1989). Neste teste foram utilizados alevinos com peso médio de 0,41 ± 0,12 g e comprimento médio de 2,46 ± 0,21 cm. Os peixes foram mantidos em aquários contendo 5 litros de água e as concentrações de mercúrio correspondente à concentração desejada. Os aquários foram dispostos em uma bateria de três réplicas contendo 5 concentrações tóxicas: 0,037; 0,185; 0,370; 0,740 e 0,925 mg.L-1 Hg, e mais um grupo controle. O teste foi conduzido por um período de 96 horas e a ocorrência de mortalidade registrada a cada 24 horas. Com os dados obtidos ao final do experimento, foi possível determinar, pelo método estatístico Trimmed Spearman Karber (HAMILTON et al., 1977) a concentração letal média (CL50-96) de 0,1961 mg.l-1 Hg para alevinos de tilápia expostos ao cloreto de mercúrio
This paper reports the median lethal concentration (LC50-96) of mercury by semi-static acute toxicity test, in Tailand tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. The challenge was conduct in the Toxicology Laboratory - Instituto de Pesca, SP, with constant temperature. The methods used were those recommended by APHA et al. (1986) and the tests performed with alevins (mean length of 2.46+0.21 cm and mean weight of 0.41+0.12 g). The fish were kept in eighteen 5-liter glass aquaria fill with dischlorinate water plus the mercury of the following concentrations (control, 0.037, 0.185, 0.370, 0.740, 0.925 mg.L-1Hg) during 96 hours. The mortality was registered each 24 hours. Was determined, by the Trimmed Spearman Karber statistic method (HAMILTON et al. 1977). The median lethal concentration (LC50-96) of 0.1961 mg.L-1Hg of mercury for tilapia alevin
Ishikawa, Nilton Massuo. "Toxicidade aguda e crônica do mercúrio em tilápia "Tailandesa", Oreochromis niloticus : derteminação da CL50-96h e alterações hematológicas /." Jaboticabal, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/144157.
Full textBanca: Áureo Evangelista Santana
Banca: Ângela Teresa da Silva e Souza
Resumo: Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a Concentração Letal Média (CL50) através do teste de toxicidade aguda em tilápia de linhagem "Tailandesa", Oreochromis niloticus, exposta a diversas concentrações de cloreto de mercúrio (HgCl2) na água. O teste foi conduzido no laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática do Instituto de Pesca - SP, em ambiente climatizado. A metodologia foi padronizada de acordo com as recomendações expressas em APHA et al. (1989). Neste teste foram utilizados alevinos com peso médio de 0,41 ± 0,12 g e comprimento médio de 2,46 ± 0,21 cm. Os peixes foram mantidos em aquários contendo 5 litros de água e as concentrações de mercúrio correspondente à concentração desejada. Os aquários foram dispostos em uma bateria de três réplicas contendo 5 concentrações tóxicas: 0,037; 0,185; 0,370; 0,740 e 0,925 mg.L-1 Hg, e mais um grupo controle. O teste foi conduzido por um período de 96 horas e a ocorrência de mortalidade registrada a cada 24 horas. Com os dados obtidos ao final do experimento, foi possível determinar, pelo método estatístico Trimmed Spearman Karber (HAMILTON et al., 1977) a concentração letal média (CL50-96) de 0,1961 mg.l-1 Hg para alevinos de tilápia expostos ao cloreto de mercúrio
Abstract: This paper reports the median lethal concentration (LC50-96) of mercury by semi-static acute toxicity test, in "Tailand" tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. The challenge was conduct in the Toxicology Laboratory - Instituto de Pesca, SP, with constant temperature. The methods used were those recommended by APHA et al. (1986) and the tests performed with alevins (mean length of 2.46+0.21 cm and mean weight of 0.41+0.12 g). The fish were kept in eighteen 5-liter glass aquaria fill with dischlorinate water plus the mercury of the following concentrations (control, 0.037, 0.185, 0.370, 0.740, 0.925 mg.L-1Hg) during 96 hours. The mortality was registered each 24 hours. Was determined, by the Trimmed Spearman Karber statistic method (HAMILTON et al. 1977). The median lethal concentration (LC50-96) of 0.1961 mg.L-1Hg of mercury for tilapia alevin
Mestre
Koury, Wallyd Kalluf. "Investigação da prevalência de anticorpos irregulares em doadores de sangue do Instituto Paranaense de Hemoterapia e Hematologia Ltda." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17155/tde-19072018-105457/.
Full textAnti-erythrocyte antibodies are produced against one or more epitopes present on the surface of red blood cells. The search for irregular antibodies consists in exposing the subject\'s circulating antibodies to known antigens in vitro. In the case of blood donors, the current Brazilian legislation determines that the irregular antibody test (PAI) must be checked in all blood donores, but does not require the determination of the specificity of the antibody, and the plasma components and the platelet concentrates from blood donors with irregular antibodies should not be used for transfusion. The present study characterized the immunohematology profile for the presence of irregular antibodies in blood donors from the Instituto Paranaense de Hemoterapia e Hematologia Ltda., from April 2008 to December 2015, in order to evaluate: (i) the prevalence of donors with irregular antibodies, (ii) the specificity of the alloantibodies identified, (iii) the prevalence of alloantibodies in donors according to gender and age group. The research project was approved by the Ethics Committee. PAI result, antibody specificity, sex and age data were collected from the system of the Instituto Paranaense de Hemoterapia e Hematologia Ltda. Statistical analyzes were performed using Fisher\'s exact test and values of p <0.05 were considered statistically significant. A total of 155,834 donors were analyzed. In 474 (0.3%) donors, irregular antibodies were detected, of which 358 donors presented conclusive results (25% male and 75% female). The most frequent antibodies were anti-D (23%, n = 83), anti-M (15%, n = 55), anti-K (12.2%, n = 44), anti-E (7%, n = 42) and anti-Dia (11.7%, n = 42). The associations of different antibodies occurred in 14.8% (48) of the study population, being the most frequent anti-D + anti-C (n = 19). The frequency of irregular antibody in the female population was significantly higher than in the male for the anti-D (p = 0.0191) and anti-M (p = 0.0005) specificities. The group of donors less than 40 years of age presented a statistically higher frequency of irregular antibodies with anti-M (p = 0.0008) and anti-Dia specificities (p = 0.0176) when compared to the group of donors aged 40 years or older. Among the 86 male donors, the prevalence of anti-Dia was significantly higher in the male population under 40 years of age when compared to those aged 40 years or older (p = 0.0273). This result induces the suspicion of a probable IgM of natural origin considering that this population of male donors has low chances of transfusion alloimmunization and has no gestational history. The definition of the prevalence and specificity of alloantibodies in blood donors may indicate the need for a12 protocol that defines the conduct towards the donor for the purpose of protecting the blood donor and optimizing the hemotherapy service in relation to the blood collections performed.