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Academic literature on the topic 'Hématophagie'
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Journal articles on the topic "Hématophagie"
Lavaud, F., and G. Dutau. "Hypersensibilité aux morsures d’arthropodes hématophages." Revue Française d'Allergologie 60, no. 6-7 (October 2020): 498–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reval.2020.05.005.
Full textPERIE, Paul, René CHERMETTE, Yves MILLEMANN, and Stéphan ZIENTARA. "Les Culicoides, Diptères hématophages vecteurs de la fièvre catarrhale du mouton." Bulletin de l'Académie vétérinaire de France, no. 1 (2005): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/2042/47770.
Full textMartins, Nelson Eduardo, Roenick Proveti Olmo, Eric Roberto Guimarães Rocha Aguiar, João Trindade Marques, and Jean-Luc Imler. "Les insectes : un fantastique réservoir de virus et de gènes antiviraux." Biologie Aujourd'hui 212, no. 3-4 (2018): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2019008.
Full textMakoundou, P. B., Dominique Cuisance, Gérard Duvallet, and Pierre Guillet. "Etude au laboratoire des effets d'un insecticide naturel extrait du neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) sur Glossina fuscipes fuscipes Newstead, 1910 (Diptera : Glossinidae)." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 48, no. 4 (April 1, 1995): 339–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9437.
Full textBoulanger, Nathalie. "Rôle immunomodulateur de la salive de tique dans la transmission d’agents infectieux." Biologie Aujourd'hui 212, no. 3-4 (2018): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2019001.
Full textZinga Koumba, R. C., J. Bouyer, J. F. Mavoungou, G. L. Acapovi-Yao, L. Kohagne Tongué, O. A. Mbang Nguema, K. P. O. Ondo, and S. Mutambwe. "Evaluation de la diversité des diptères hématophages dans une clairière marécageuse du Gabon à l'aide des pièges Vavoua et Nzi." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 66, no. 3 (March 1, 2013): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.10136.
Full textDoutoum, Abdesalam Adoum, Arnaud Delafosse, P. Elsen, and S. Amsler Delafosse. "Vecteurs potentiels de Trypanosoma evansi chez le dromadaire au Tchad oriental." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 55, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9841.
Full textGarrouste, Romain. "La première observation in natura de l’entomophagie dePanstrongylus geniculatus(Latreille 1811) hématophage vecteur de la maladie de Chagas (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)." Annales de la Société entomologique de France (N.S.) 45, no. 3 (January 2009): 302–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00379271.2009.10697614.
Full textKalu, A. U., and F. A. G. Lawani. "Observations sur l’épidémiologie de la trypanosomose des ruminants dans l’Etat de Kano, Nigeria." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 49, no. 3 (March 1, 1996): 213–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9515.
Full textLowenstein, W., Ch Romana, J. F. Pays, H. Durand, M. Veron, and Ch Rouzioux. "Insectes hématophages et virus de l'immuno-déficience humaine (VIH): étude de la survie du VIH chez Triatoma infestans (KLUG 1884)." La Revue de Médecine Interne 14, no. 6 (June 1993): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0248-8663(05)80405-9.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Hématophagie"
Lefevre, Thierry. "Manipulation parasitaire et maladies vectorielles." Montpellier 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON20091.
Full textParasites are a very common life form on earth and drive many ecological and evolutionary processes. Hosts and parasites are locked in a continual coevolutionary race, which generates antagonistic selection. While parasites evolve to optimise the exploitation of their host and between-host transmission, hosts evolve to minimize the parasite-induced fitness losses. In the context of transmission, parasites have evolved adaptive strategies that maximise their probability of host to host transfer. Some parasites are indeed able to substantially alter the physiology, morphology or behaviour of their host in a way that increases their probability of transmission, a phenomenon named parasitic manipulation. Despite an increasing attention devoted to the investigation of this parasite strategy of transmission, many hurdles remain to be overcome. The goal of this dissertation was to (i) increase our fundamental knowledge concerning parasitic manipulation by using vector-borne parasites as study systems and (ii) merging the field of parasitic manipulation and its evolutionary ecology approach with those of medicine, epidemiology, and medical entomology. Our works generated considerable fundamental knowledge on the evolution, proximate mechanisms and multidimensionnality (when more than one host phenotypic traits are altered) of parasitic manipulation. In addition, we brought crucial information concerning feeding behaviour in Anopheles gambiae, the major malaria vector in sub-Saharian Africa
Leis, Mendias Miguel Alejandro. "Métabolisme énergétique chez un insecte hématophage : rhodnius prolixus." Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR4013/document.
Full textMetabolism is the sum of all the chemical reactions in an organism. Energy uptake allows animals to perform biosynthesis, maintenance, and external work. If the energy produced is converted into heat, we can estimate the energy metabolism as the rate of conversion of chemical energy into metabolic rate (MR), which allows the calculation of energy requirements. The main objective of this work is to assess the metabolic cost of physiological work in the blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus. Our results show that feeding is costly. The MR during feeding in R. prolixus reaches up to 17 times the MR during rest. The mean respiratory quotient is 0.83 during rest and 0.52 during feeding. We showed that the deactivation of Heat Shock Proteins on R. prolixus, causes a diminution of MR during digestion. Then, we showed that the energy cost (EC) during walking can reach up to 1.7 times the EC during rest. Finally, we found that the EC of production of one egg of R. prolixus was 11.7 J. All our results provide tools to a better understanding of biology and ecology of an hematophagous insect to provide the necessary elements to better control of transmission of vector-borne diseases
Lahondère, Chloé. "Stress thermique et thermorégulation chez lez insectes hématophages." Thesis, Tours, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUR4029.
Full textInsects are submitted to thermal fluctuations of their environment and have developed a wide ranged panel of behavioral, physiological and biochemical responses, to minimize the subsequent deleterious effects and maintain their physiological integrity. Some species actively regulate their internal temperature independently of the temperature of the environment. If these insects can overcome the constraints imposed by their thermal environment, those that feed on warm-blooded vertebrate hosts have no choice but to confront a situation of thermal stress at each feeding event. The main objective of this work is to understand how bloodsucking insects manage heat stress associated with the massive flow of heat generated by the ingestion of the blood meal. Our results show these insects have developed different strategies of thermoregulation to protect themselves from overheating
Obame-Nkoghe, Judicaël. "Caractérisation de l'entomofaune hématophage cavernicole du Gabon et implication dans la transmission d'agents infectieux." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT159/document.
Full textThe man's ecological mark on natural forest environments of central Africa has been increasing in recent decades, and only few natural areas remain non exploited yet. Thus, even supposedly hostile environments such as caves meet the primary needs of surrounding populations (hunting, fishing, shamanic practices), or economical needs (mining and ecotourism). That anthropization is likely to increase the exposure of human populations to multiple infectious agents carried by cave fauna. The presence of wild or domestic animals in the surroundings of caves also increase that risk. Among these infectious agents, some can be transmitted by direct contact with animal reservoirs, whereas others may require the involvement of blood-sucking insects. The role of these insects in the epidemiology of many pathogens is well known in Africa, particularly in epigeic environments, but remains largely investigated in caves. In this thesis work, we proposed to address that issue. In six caves of Gabon we firstly explored the diversity of blood-sucking Diptera, and we studied temporal dynamics of species assemblages. Secondly, we undertook a molecular screening of haemosporidia, bacteria and viruses using nested PCR and high-throughput sequencing.The work carried out has enable to make a taxonomic inventory of the Diptera fauna of the investigated caves. Our study revealed a significant diversity of the blood-sucking Diptera fauna, accounting for more than 60 percent of blood-sucking Diptera species currently known in Gabon, in all types of areas. Our data showed that the composition of Diptera communities was different from one cave to another, and that Diptera assemblages varied over time according to micro-climate fluctuations within caves. The screening of infectious agents in Diptera collected helped 1) to explore the parasitic, viral and bacterial diversity they host, and 2) to assess their involvement in transmission
Faudry, Eric. "Polimorfismo das apirases salivares de Triatoma infestans." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE19004.
Full textCannet, Arnaud. "Insectes hématophages : terrains, élevages, infections : études chez Cimex lectularius et Phlebotomus perniciosus." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM5010.
Full textBloodsucking insects have an impact on the human and animal health particularly for the risk of pathogens transmission and the nuisance caused by their bite. To have knowledge on these insects can help and apply to prevent, manage or treat the diseases. In this thesis, we mainly focused on two insects: bedbugs and sandflies.- For bedbug, a literature review was carried out to classify the published data demonstrating preferred bedbug colony conditions. We showed that physical factors (temperature, relative humidity, photoperiod), and physiological factors (type, frequency of blood meals) play important roles in the laboratory colonies. A huge number of Cimex lectularius species was sampled from infested regions to study the spatial genetic structure and restricted gene flow in bed bugs in France and to evaluate the symbiotic flora including Wolbachia bacteria.- For sandfly, Phlebotomus perniciosus species was colonized for experimental infections by Leishmania infantum using murine model and artificial feeder. A local sandfly sampling was carried out in the rural regions of Nice city and were served in a study targeting the genetic population structure of Phlebotomus ariasi. Moreover, a historical study was conducted on the classification, evolution and dispersion of Leishmania parasites, sandflies and animals reservoirs.- A new identification method of bloodsucking Diptera was invented (submitted patent).- Thanks to the hospital-entomological activities, an original case report of phthiriasis on an old person was reported.- During this thesis with a scholarship CIFRE funded by Virbac Laboratories, I succeeded tosubmit and publish 7 articles and 1 patent
Bodin, Aurélie. "Modulation du comportement de recherche de l'hôte chez les insectes hématophages : importance des facteurs endogènes." Thesis, Tours, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUR4019/document.
Full textAnimals have evolved different optimal strategies to minimize predation risks while searching for food. In haematophagous insects, host-seeking is guided by different host stimuli. An important modulation of the perception systems associated to host localization has been observed as function of behaviour and activity rhythms of the host which can be a prey or a predator. We characterize the endogenous factors which could modulate the host-seeking behaviour in the haematophagous bug Rhodnius prolixus. There is a specific modulation of the behavioural response to different odours as function of daytime. Furthermore, host-seeking could be modulated by the physiological state of the bugs (developmental and nutritional state). Physiological and behavioural mechanisms have been selected to inhibit the host-seeking when it is not necessary for the bugs to be exposed to hosts
El, Adouzi Marine. "Déterminants biotiques d'une interaction durable lâche : interactions entre un microprédateur hématophage, son hôte oiseau et les communautés d'acariens du fumier." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MON30016.
Full textThe Poultry Red Mite (PRM) Dermanyssus gallinae is a mite of major sanitary andeconomic importance for the egg production industry worldwide but paradoxicallythe functioning of its ecosystem has been little studied. The objective of this work was to provide relevant elements for the characterization of this singular ecosystem that is poorly known, in order to, beyond the production of knowledge, contribute to the development of innovative strategies of integrated management. This is expected to allow going further than the strict chemical control which is still to date the most widely used means of control. The study of the chemical interactions between the PRM and its host allowed to better identify sources of stimulus and to better understand D. gallinae’s responses to chicken odors as well as to determine to what extent it was possible to interfere between the host and its micropredator during the first phase of the host location. The characterization of the structure of arthropod communities sharing the same microhabitats as does PRM showed that D. gallinae was associated with several species of mites and predatory insects of arthropods which could potentially be its natural enemies. It was also demonstrated that the livestock building was a specific unit in terms of the composition and structure ofthe arthropod communities. Significant differences in the frequency and occurrence of predatory species between buildings and their propagation capacity from the external environment are promising indicators for the development of conservation biological control (CBC) against PRM. A reflection on the possible synergistic and antagonistic cross-effects between the manipulation of host odors and the stimulation of ecological processes involving non-haematophagous arthropods is carried out. This is expected to participate in the development of an approach integrating these tools as well as other available means of control in a context of integrated biological protection of PRM
Marchant, Axelle. "Le processus de domiciliation des punaises hématophages vectrices de la maladie de Chagas : apport de l’étude du transcriptome chimiosensoriel." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS008/document.
Full textIn Latin America, the bloodsucking bugs (Triatominae, Hemiptera, Reduviidae) are vectors of the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which causes Chagas disease. More than five million people are infected. Even if chemical control campaigns are effective against vectors, the disease persists due to the recolonization of human habitations by vectors from natural habitats. Some species have the capacity to adapt to anthroposystems (domiciliation process), while other related species do not. Understanding this capacity to adapt is crucial from an epidemiological perspective to target species at risk to humans. The capacity to adapt to a new habitat could be linked to changes in the repertoire of chemosensory system genes, particularly for odorant binding proteins (OBP) and chemosensory proteins (CSP), which are important proteins to detect various odor stimuli. This study is based on the chemosensory system of Triatominae to document the adaptation process and then the domiciliation of the vectors. Transcriptomic data obtained by high-throughput sequencing were used to annotate and list the chemosensory genes and also to compare their expression in bloodsucking bugs from different habitats. The relationship between changes in these genes in different Triatominae species and their ability to adapt to a new habitat was evaluated. The species T. brasiliensis, which is in the process of domiciliation in Brazil with sylvatic, peridomiciliary and domiciliary populations, and various species of the genus Rhodnius from diverse habitats were studied, especially the two sibling species R. robustus, sylvatic in the Amazonia and R. prolixus mostly domiciliary throughout its geographical range. In the absence of a reference genome for T. brasiliensis, a reference transcriptome via de novo assembly (data 454 and Illumina) was achieved. The reference transcriptomes for 10 Rhodnius species were also established using the de novo assembly method. A genome reference based method on R. prolixus was also used to assemble the transcriptome of the two species R. prolixus and R. robustus. In the different species of the Triatominae studied, the chemosensory gene repertoire showed a high diversity and genic expansions compared to that of others Paraneoptera, which could reflect adaptive process. Furthermore, a positive correlation was shown between the number of OBP genes in Rhodnius species and their domiciliation ability, suggesting that this gene family is involved in the adaptation to anthropogenic environment. The differential expression analyses on the T. brasiliensis populations and the R. prolixus / R. robustus species showed that some transcripts are differentially expressed according to the environment in which the bugs have evolved, especially the chemosensory genes (OBP, CSP) and also genes involved in the circadian rhythm and foraging behavior (Takeout), in the response to environmental stress such as detoxification genes (P450, glutathione S-transferase), in resistance to climatic changes (heat-shock proteins) and in protection from the external environment (cuticular proteins).This work has helped make available to the scientific community powerful tools for studying the process of domiciliation of Chagas disease vectors (transcriptome, gene repertoire). It also revealed genes that could be involved in the adaptation and/or phenotypic plasticity in response to a change in habitat. Understanding the molecular basis of vector adaptation to human dwellings opens the potential to develop new tools to control the disease vectors, for example by disrupting chemical communication
Guiguen, Claude. "Anthropozoonoses et oiseaux marins : contribution à l'étude des ectoparasites hématophages des espèces nicheuses sur les cotes françaises continentales et insulaires." Aix-Marseille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX21901.
Full textBooks on the topic "Hématophagie"
Euzéby, Jacques. Protozoologie médicale comparée: Les protozooses des animaux et leurs relations avec les protozooses de l'homme : avec étude des arthropodes hématophages vecteurs de protozoaires. [Lyon]: Fondation Mérieux, 1986.
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