Relevant bibliographies by topics / Hemlock woolly adelgid Eastern hemlock Plant diseases

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books

Academic literature on the topic 'Hemlock woolly adelgid Eastern hemlock Plant diseases'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Hemlock woolly adelgid Eastern hemlock Plant diseases.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Hemlock woolly adelgid Eastern hemlock Plant diseases"

1

Rigsby, Chad M., Ian G. Kinahan, Amelia May, Amy Kostka, Nick Houseman, Suzanne K. Savage, Elizabeth R. Whitney, and Evan L. Preisser. "Impact of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) Infestation on the Jasmonic Acid-Elicited Defenses of Tsuga canadensis (Pinales: Pinaceae)." Environmental Entomology 49, no. 5 (September 16, 2020): 1226–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvaa104.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract Hemlock woolly adelgid is an invasive piercing-sucking insect in eastern North America, which upon infestation of its main host, eastern hemlock (‘hemlock’), improves attraction and performance of folivorous insects on hemlock. This increased performance may be mediated by hemlock woolly adelgid feeding causing antagonism between the the jasmonic acid and other hormone pathways. In a common garden experiments using hemlock woolly adelgid infestation and induction with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and measures of secondary metabolite contents and defense-associated enzyme activities, we explored the impact of hemlock woolly adelgid feeding on the local and systemic induction of jasmonic acid (JA)-elicited defenses. We found that in local tissue hemlock woolly adelgid or MeJA exposure resulted in unique induced phenotypes, whereas the combined treatment resulted in an induced phenotype that was a mixture of the two individual treatments. We also found that if the plant was infested with hemlock woolly adelgid, the systemic response of the plant was dominated by hemlock woolly adelgid, regardless of whether MeJA was applied. Interestingly, in the absence of hemlock woolly adelgid, hemlock plants had a very weak systemic response to MeJA. We conclude that hemlock woolly adelgid infestation prevents systemic induction of JA-elicited defenses. Taken together, compromised local JA-elicited defenses combined with weak systemic induction could be major contributors to increased folivore performance on hemlock woolly adelgid-infested hemlock.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Evans, Daniel M., W. Michael Aust, C. Andrew Dolloff, Ben S. Templeton, and John A. Peterson. "Eastern Hemlock Decline in Riparian Areas from Maine to Alabama." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 28, no. 2 (June 1, 2011): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/28.2.97.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract Eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) in the Appalachian mountain range is threatened by the introduced hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae). Potential impacts on riparian systems are great because of eastern hemlock's role as a foundation species that influences site soil, vegetation, and stream characteristics. We installed permanent research sites at 49 locations in riparian areas, from Maine to Alabama, to survey eastern hemlock health, measure stand dynamics, and predict near-term forest composition without eastern hemlock. This report summarizes the initial stand measurements from summer of 2008. We found hemlock woolly adelgid present at 25 of 49 stands from Massachusetts to Georgia, and all of these stands had some degree of hemlock decline. New England states, Ohio, western Pennsylvania, Kentucky, and Alabama had good hemlock health and no sign of hemlock woolly adelgid. Eighteen of the 49 sites had no nonhemlock conifer species in the overstory, and 30 of 49 sites had less than 5 m2 ha−1 of nonhemlock conifers. Without eastern hemlock, 25 of the stands would have more than 90% hardwood in the overstory, many of which are in the mid-Atlantic and southern states at sites dominated by shrubs in the understory such as Rhododendron maximum. Competition from shrubs may hinder stand regeneration after disturbance by hemlock woolly adelgid. On the basis of the abundance of hardwood species and lack of conifer species present in the overstory at many infested hemlock-dominated stands, these sites may convert to hardwood-dominated stands, which will affect terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem dynamics.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Fajvan, Mary Ann, and Randall S. Morin. "Spatial Distribution of Chesapeake Bay Riparian Hemlock Forests Threatened by Hemlock Woolly Adelgid." Journal of Forestry 119, no. 3 (March 3, 2021): 219–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jofore/fvab001.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract Landscape-scale maps of tree species densities are important tools for managing ecosystems threatened by forest pests. Eastern hemlock dominates riparian forests throughout its range. As a conifer in a deciduous landscape, hemlock plays an ecohydrological role, especially when other species are dormant. The nonnative, hemlock woolly adelgid has caused widespread hemlock decline and mortality. We used two existing basal area raster layers first to identify Chesapeake Bay subwatersheds with ≥6 percent hemlock basal area and second to quantify hemlock basal area densities within fixed-width riparian buffers of 50 m, 100 m, 250 m, and 500 m. Hemlock densities were higher in riparian zones compared with entire subwatersheds. In five subwatersheds, 50 m and 100 m zones had higher percentages of pixels with ≥25 percent hemlock basal area. We produced maps identifying hemlock riparian densities in the Pine Creek Watershed, which managers can use to prioritize sites for supplemental conifer planting under anticipated hemlock decline.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Cleavitt, Natalie L., Anne K. Eschtruth, John J. Battles, and Timothy J. Fahey. "Bryophyte response to eastern hemlock decline caused by hemlock woolly adelgid infestation1." Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 135, no. 1 (January 2008): 12–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3159/07-ra-030.1.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Oten, K. L. F., G. R. Bauchan, J. Frampton, and F. P. Hain. "Biophysical characteristics of the stem and petiole surface of six hemlock (Tsuga) species and a hybrid: implications for resistance to Adelges tsugae." Botany 90, no. 11 (November 2012): 1170–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b2012-095.

Full text
Abstract:
Characteristics of the plant surface significantly affect host-plant selection by phytophagous insects. Surface morphology of six hemlock species (Tsuga spp.) and a hybrid was investigated using low-temperature scanning electron microscopy. Observations focused on trichome presence and placement and cuticle thickness. These characteristics were studied in the context of species-level host-plant resistance to the hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), an exotic insect causing massive mortality to eastern hemlocks (Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.) and Carolina hemlock (Tsuga caroliniana Engelm.) in the eastern United States. Hemlocks in the native range of the insect do not succumb to infestations and the mechanism of resistance is unknown. We addressed the potential role of plant surface morphology in the adelgid–hemlock interaction by comparing four adelgid-resistant hemlock species and a hybrid with the two adelgid-susceptible hemlock species. We found that trichomes are likely not involved in conferring resistance to A. tsugae. Cuticle thickness may be involved in insertion site selection by A. tsugae and may therefore have implications for resistance. The cuticle is thinnest at the point of A. tsugae stylet insertion and thus may affect A. tsugae feeding.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Churchel, Melissa A., James L. Hanula, C. Wayne Berisford, James M. Vose, and Mark J. Dalusky. "Impact of Imidacloprid for Control of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid on Nearby Aquatic Macroinvertebrate Assemblages." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 35, no. 1 (February 1, 2011): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/35.1.26.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract Imidacloprid, a systemic insecticide that acts on the nervous system, is currently being used to control hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae Annand), which is damaging hemlock trees. The objective of this study was to determine whether soil injection with imidacloprid for hemlock woolly adelgid control near streams adversely affects aquatic invertebrates. Eastern hemlocks (Tsuga canadensis) in the watersheds surrounding four streams in the southern Appalachian region of Georgia and North Carolina were treated with imidacloprid. Addie Branch was the only stream that exhibited a possible effect from imidacloprid treatment. However, the data followed the same pattern as the other treatment streams, but with a more pronounced decrease in taxa due to adult emergence. Only a trace amount of imidacloprid was detected in one water sample from Holcomb Tributary over a period of 2 years, and no effect was observed on the aquatic macroinvertebrates in that stream. However, caution should be used when applying these results to other areas with different soil types (e.g., low organic matter content) that may not bind imidacloprid as tightly. Our results indicate that soil injections of imidacloprid can safely be used in the southern Appalachian area to control hemlock woolly adelgid.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Dampier, Jason Ernest Elvin, Richard W. Harper, Ashley McElhinney, and Eric Biltonen. "Modeling Benefit–cost Analysis of Hemlock Wooly Adelgid Host Plant Resistance with Emphasis on Least-toxic Chemical Treatment Alternatives." HortTechnology 28, no. 5 (October 2018): 624–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04080-18.

Full text
Abstract:
Chinese hemlock (Tsuga chinensis) exhibits a high level of resistance to the exotic insect hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA; Adelges tsugae) relative to the native and widely planted eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis). Furthermore, both chinese and eastern hemlock exhibit similar autecologic and aesthetic characteristics in urban and suburban environments. This study provides a comparative 25-year economic benefit-cost analysis (BCA), tracking estimated establishment and insect control costs for the two tree species. Eastern hemlock survival requires insecticide treatments when growing within the range of HWA. Insect control scenarios used and evaluated in this study include annual horticultural oil spray, biannual horticultural oil spray, biennial imidacloprid soil drench, and no treatment. The chinese hemlock scenario did not include chemical insect control because of the species’ host plant resistance (HPR) to HWA. Benefits were estimated using the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service’s i-Tree tool, which estimates economic benefits for ecosystem services (expressed in dollars). Benefit–cost ratios (BCRs) were developed using the present value for 25-year benefit and cost streams at 2% and 4% discount rates. Payback periods were also estimated for all options that had a calculated BCR greater than one. The benefit–cost analyses for each insect control scenario were evaluated, compared, and assessed through the lens of market potential. The costs exceed the benefits for all of the eastern hemlock scenarios. The benefits exceed costs for the chinese hemlock scenario. Results suggest that chinese hemlock is a viable alternative to eastern hemlock in view of its HPR and reduced associated costs over time. If chinese hemlock becomes more widely planted, it is expected to produce greater BCRs relative to chemical control options as a result of the lack of required, ongoing insect control treatment costs.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Domec, Jean-Christophe, Laura N. Rivera, John S. King, Ilona Peszlen, Fred Hain, Benjamin Smith, and John Frampton. "Hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) infestation affects water and carbon relations of eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) and Carolina hemlock (Tsuga caroliniana)." New Phytologist 199, no. 2 (April 8, 2013): 452–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nph.12263.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Austin, David A., Saskia L. van de Gevel, and Peter T. Soulé. "Forest dynamics and climate sensitivity of an endangered Carolina hemlock community in the southern Appalachian Mountains, USA." Botany 94, no. 4 (April 2016): 301–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2015-0222.

Full text
Abstract:
During the last century, the eastern United States has functionally lost two major tree species (American chestnut and American elm), two more, eastern and Carolina hemlock, will likely be functionally extinct during much of their ranges by 2050. Carolina hemlock forests are geographically limited to high elevations in the southern Appalachian Mountains and are considered to be endangered. We collected forest stand, composition, and tree age data at the beginning of a hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA) infestation. Prior to the arrival of HWA, Carolina hemlocks were healthy and densely populated in the overstory and understory. While Carolina hemlock regenerated successfully and continuously from 1850 to 2010, the development of this Carolina hemlock forest will be altered by the HWA and may result in an increase in the density of northern red oak, white oak, mountain laurel, and Catawba rhododendron. Carolina hemlocks prefer cool, wet summers with older trees experiencing greater reductions in radial growth than younger trees during droughts. This study demonstrates that dendrochronological techniques can provide critical annual information on Carolina hemlock forest development and tree age–climate response. Our results provide a multicentury perspective for conservation efforts and management of Carolina hemlock forests in the southern Appalachian Mountains.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Huggett, Brett A., Jessica A. Savage, Guang-You Hao, Evan L. Preisser, and N. Michele Holbrook. "Impact of hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) infestation on xylem structure and function and leaf physiology in eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis)." Functional Plant Biology 45, no. 5 (2018): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp17233.

Full text
Abstract:
Hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae Annand) (HWA) is an invasive insect that feeds upon the foliage of eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière) trees, leading to a decline in health and often mortality. The exact mechanism leading to the demise of eastern hemlocks remains uncertain because little is known about how HWA infestation directly alters the host’s physiology. To evaluate the physiological responses of eastern hemlock during early infestation of HWA, we measured needle loss, xylem hydraulic conductivity, vulnerability to cavitation, tracheid anatomy, leaf-level gas exchange, leaf water potential and foliar cation and nutrient levels on HWA-infested and noninfested even-aged trees in an experimental garden. HWA infestation resulted in higher xylem hydraulic conductivity correlated with an increase in average tracheid lumen area and no difference in vulnerability to cavitation, indicating that needle loss associated with HWA infestation could not be attributed to reduced xylem transport capacity. HWA-infested trees exhibited higher rates of net photosynthesis and significant changes in foliar nutrient partitioning, but showed no differences in branch increment growth rates compared with noninfested trees. This study suggests that HWA-induced decline in the health of eastern hemlock trees is not initially caused by compromised water relations or needle loss.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hemlock woolly adelgid Eastern hemlock Plant diseases"

1

F, Snider Scott. "Predicting infestations of hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee/North Carolina, USA." Ohio : Ohio University, 2004. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1103233070.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Jones, Anne. "Fitness and Physiology of the Hemlock Woolly Adelgid, Adelges tsugae, in Relation to the Health of the Eastern Hemlock, Tsuga canadensis." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53700.

Full text
Abstract:
The hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA), Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Adelgidae) is a small invasive insect that frequently causes hemlock (Tsugae spp.) mortality in the eastern United States. Studies have shown that once healthy hemlocks become infested by the adelgid, nutrients are depleted from the tree, leading to both tree decline and a reduction of the adelgid population. Since A. tsugae is dependent on hemlock for nutrients, feeding on trees in poor health may affect the insect's ability to obtain necessary nutrients and consequently affect their population and physiological health. A cluster analysis, based on quantitative and qualitative tree health measurements, grouped sample trees into categories of lightly and moderately impacted trees. The A. tsugae population health on each tree was determined by measuring insect density, survival from aestivation, and peak fecundity. A. tsugae physiological health was determined similarly by measuring insect biomass, total carbon, carbohydrate, total nitrogen, and amino nitrogen. A. tsugae from moderately impacted trees exhibited significantly greater fecundity; however, A. tsugae from lightly impacted hemlocks contained significantly greater levels of carbohydrates, total nitrogen, and amino nitrogen. All A. tsugae physiological parameters increased significantly over time as the insects matured and reproduced regardless of tree health classification. While the results of the physiological analysis generally support our hypothesis that A. tsugae on lightly impacted trees are healthier than those on moderately impacted trees, this was not reflected in the population fitness measurements of the insects. Further examination of A. tsugae egg health may elucidate this apparent contradiction.
Master of Science in Life Sciences
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Huggett, Brett Andrew. "The Plant Vascular System: Structure, Function, and Responses to Environmental Stress." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10913.

Full text
Abstract:
Environmental stressors such as nutrient deficiency and insect infestation can significantly impact tree health. Despite much research on the ecological effect on forests in the northeastern United States due to calcium depletion and hemlock woolly adelgid infestation, little is known regarding the physiological mechanisms altered by these stress factors. I tested the hypothesis that calcium depletion, associated with sugar maple decline, compromises water transport processes as a result of calcium-related reductions in cell growth and stabilization. A survey of forest-grown sugar maples from a long-term replicated calcium-manipulation study showed no significant impact of calcium deficiency on wood density, stem hydraulic conductivity (Ks), or vulnerability to cavitation (VC). In vitro removal of xylem-bound calcium showed no impact on VC or air seeding thresholds (Pt). Results suggest that sugar maple decline is not caused by compromises in xylem function due to calcium deficiency. I also tested the hypothesis that hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae Annand) (HWA) infestations impact water transport processes and nutrient partitioning in eastern hemlock trees. HWA infestation resulted in higher Ks due to an increase in average tracheid lumen area associated with the proliferation of false rings. HWA-infested trees exhibited higher rates of net photosynthesis and significant changes in foliar nutrient partitioning. These results are the first to demonstrate increases in Ks and alterations in foliar cation levels in response to HWA infestation. In two additional studies, I investigated methods for evaluating the structure and function of xylem networks. Using sequential sectioning of aerial roots of epiphytic aroids, I directly quantified the topographic relation of vessels in a single organ with measurements of vessel length, diameter, vessel end overlap length, and vessel stelar orientation. In a separate study, I explored the relationship between vessel length and measurements of Pt. In establishing guidelines for estimating whole-stem cavitation with the use of single vessel air injection, I demonstrate that calculations of Pt are influenced by stem length measured and removal of native emboli prior to testing. Improvements in tools to quantify xylem structure and function will enhance our ability to understand the responses of forest trees to environmental stress.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Deal, Isaac K. "Life History of hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand, on eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carriere, in the southern Appalachians and assessment of egg releases of Sasajiscymnus tsugae (Sasaji and McClure) for its management." 2007. http://etd.utk.edu/2007/Theses/DealIsaac.pdf.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Hakeem, Abdul. ""Non-target effect of imidacloprid on the predatory arthropod guild on Eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carriere, in the Southern Appalachians"." 2008. http://etd.utk.edu/2008/HakeemAbdul.pdf.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Books on the topic "Hemlock woolly adelgid Eastern hemlock Plant diseases"

1

McClure, Mark S. Biology and control of hemlock woolly adelgid. [New Haven, Conn.]: Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 1987.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

McClure, Mark S. Managing hemlock woolly adelgid in ornamental landscapes. New Haven: Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 1995.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

McClure, Mark S. Biology and control of hemlock woolly adelgid. [New Haven, Conn.]: Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 1987.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

McClure, Mark S. Managing hemlock woolly adelgid in ornamental landscapes. New Haven: Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 1995.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Review (1st 1995 Charlottesville, Va.). Technology transfer hemlock woolly adelgid: Proceedings of the First Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Review : Charlottesville, Virginia, October 12, 1995. Morgantown, W. Va: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, 1996.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

McClure, Mark S. Biological control of Hemlock woolly adelgid in the eastern United States. Morgantown, WV: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, 2001.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Reardon, Richard C., and Brad Onken. Implementation and status of biological control of the hemlock woolly adelgid. Morgantown, WV]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, 2011.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Brad, Onken, and Reardon Richard C, eds. Third symposium on Hemlock Woolly Adelgid in the eastern United States, February 1-3, 2005, Renaissance Asheville Hotel, Asheville, North Carolina. Morgantown, W.Va: Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, 2005.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Massachusetts. General Court. Senate. Special Commission on Forest Management Practices. The hemlock woolly adelgid, the threat to our hemlocks, and a possible answer from nature: Report of the Special Commission on Forest Management Practices (under the provisions of section 341 of chapter 38 of the Acts of 1995, as most recently amended by section 195 of chapter 127 of the Acts of 1999). [Boston, Mass.]: Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Senate, 2001.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Biological control of Hemlock woolly adelgid in the eastern United States. Morgantown, WV: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, 2001.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Hemlock woolly adelgid Eastern hemlock Plant diseases' for particular source types:
Journal articles
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography