Journal articles: 'Hepatitis C chronic/pathology'

1

Fiel, M. Isabel. "Pathology of Chronic Hepatitis B and Chronic Hepatitis C." Clinics in Liver Disease 14, no. 4 (November 2010): 555–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cld.2010.07.001.

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Kage, M., T. Fujisawa, K. Shiraki, T. Tanaka, T. Fujisawa, A. Kimura, K. Shimamatsu, et al. "Pathology of chronic hepatitis C in children." Hepatology 26, no. 3 (September 1997): 771–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.510260333.

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PHULPOTO, JAVED AHMED. "CHRONIC HEPATITIS C-INFECTED PATIENTS;." Professional Medical Journal 20, no. 01 (December 10, 2012): 068–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2013.20.01.478.

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Background: In our region the sensitivity of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in predicting the severity ofhepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is unclear. Objective: To compare histologic scoring of liver pathology in patients with chronic HCVinfection with normal or elevated serum ALT. Study Design: Prospective observational study. Place & Duration of Study: Liver clinic,Ghulam Mohammad Mahar Medical College Hospital, Sukkur, between January 2010 and December 2010. Methods: Liver biopsies wereperformed in patients with HCV infection and either normal (n=40) or elevated (n=76) serum ALT levels, and scored for activity andfibrosis using the modified histological activity index. Results: Patients with normal ALT and elevated ALT had similar demographicfeatures. Median (range) histological activity grade was higher in patients with elevated ALT than in those with normal ALT (6 [1-15] vs. 5[0-11], respectively; p=0.001), as was the fibrosis stage (2 [0-6] vs. 1 [0-6]; p=0.02). Two patients with normal ALT and 4 with elevatedALT had liver cirrhosis. Conclusions: Among patients with chronic HCV infection, liver lesions are milder in those with normal serum ALTlevels than those with abnormal ALT levels. However, some patients with normal ALT too may have advanced liver disease.

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Tsvetkov, V. V., I. I. Tokin, and S. A. Pozdnjakova. "Clinical epidemiology of extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C virus infection." Medical Council, no. 21 (January 28, 2020): 248–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2019-21-248-253.

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Extrahepatic manifestations occur in more than half of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection and may be no less dangerous to the health and life of the patient than the isolated pathology of the liver. Chronic hepatitis C virus infection is often accompanied by the formation of neurocognitive disorders, clinically manifested by general weakness, fatigue and the inability to maindoi tain concentration for a long time. Every fifth patient with chronic hepatitis C develops depression. The development of type 2 diabetes among patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection is observed 1.7 times more often than among non-infected individuals. Mixed cryoglobulinemia is observed in at least 30% of patients, however, the clinical manifestations of this pathology develop only in 4.9% of cases, of which 69–89% of skin lesions, 19–44% of distal sensory and sensorimotor polyneuropathy, 30% of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, 28% of joint damage. Among patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection, higher prevalence than among non-infected individuals is observed, the prevalence rates of such nosologies as lymphoma from cells of the marginal zone are 2.47 times, diffuse large cell B cell lymphoma – 2.24 times, hypothyroidism – 3.1 time. Significantly more rarely encountered extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C virus infection are skin lesions that are not associated with the development of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis: acquired late skin porphyria, necrolytic acral erythema and lichen planus. The question of the pathogenetic relationship of chronic hepatitis C virus infection with cardiovascular pathology remains open.

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Stahl, Jurgen. "Yet another cause for granulomatous hepatitis: chronic hepatitis C." Advances in Anatomic Pathology 8, no. 1 (January 2001): 48–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00125480-200101000-00010.

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Marinelli, RMA, M. Delle Monache, R. Gerardi, C. Berardo, M. Santolamazza, G. Bruno, and G. L. Ricci. "Liver Pathology in Cytomegalovirus Infection Associated with Hepatitis B Virus." Journal of International Medical Research 21, no. 3 (May 1993): 154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030006059302100306.

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A retrospective study was carried out in 56 patients to establish the association of cytomegalovirus (CMV) with active or inactive hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection as a possible risk factor in the development of severe liver disease. Patients with positive CMV serology and active or inactive HBV infection had elevated alanine aminotransferase activity and had a relatively high incidence of more severe lesions (chronic hepatitis and active cirrhosis), In the absence of CMV, only one case of cirrhosis was identified compared with seven cases of hepatic fibrosis. By analogy with hepatitis C virus, CMV may bring about activation of the host inflammatory response against hepatocytes following HBV infection, resulting in the development of severe hepatitic disease.

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Nikonorova, Marina A., N. S. Lubskaya, E. V. Volchkova, E. A. Nemilostiva, and O. I. Matros. "VARIANTS OF THYROID GLAND PATHOLOGY IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS C PATIENTS." Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases 22, no. 4 (August 15, 2017): 172–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/eid40958.

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Introduction. HCV is the cause not only of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, but also extrahepatic manifestations. Currently, HCV is considered as an independent risk factor for thyroid pathology. In recent years, the level of pathology of the thyroid gland in the Altai Territory has increased by 16.4 times, which determined the purpose of this study: to study the features of the thyroid status in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in the Altai Territory. Materials and methods. There was executed a prospective, dynamic clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination of 240 CHC patients (47,5% of men and 52,5% of women aged of from 18 to 50 years), 120 of whom had HCV (49,1% of men and 50,9% of women, aged of from 18 to 50 years, mean age: 41,1±9,91 years) who did not receive antiviral therapy (HTV), the pathology of the thyroid gland in them was established for the first time. The study included the assessment of the level of TSH, total and free T3, T4, antibodies to thyreperoxidase (APPO), ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland. The diagnosis of CHC is based on HCV RNA, anti-HCV (core, NS3-5), blood biochemistry, fibrosis level score according to Metavir (elastometry, PBP). Results of the study. In HCV patients there were revealed autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) (5%), AIT with hypothyroidism (10%), AIT with latent hypothyroidism (8,3%), latent hypothyroidism (10%), hypothyroidism (16,6%), euthyroidism (49,1%) and thyrotoxicosis in only 1 patient. Variants of thyroid dysfunction were presented in the form of euthyroidism (60%), hypothyroidism (20%), hyperthyroidism (10%) and autoimmune thyroiditis (10%). The relationship between the development of the thyroid dysfunction (TD) and the history of the history of HCV infection has been established. Discussion and conclusions. CHC patients were more likely to have a history of euthyroidism and hypothyroidism. The relationship between TD and the duration of HCV infection can be regarded as its extrahepatic manifestation, and not as comorbid conditions. Thorough examination of the thyroid status it makes possible to identify TD people, which can be reflected in the choice of antiviral therapy and will determine the prognosis of the development of side effects.

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&NA;. "The natural history of chronic hepatitis C." Advances in Anatomic Pathology 4, no. 6 (November 1997): 380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00125480-199711000-00029.

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Banner, B. F., C. Allan, L. Savas, S. Baker, G. Barnard, and H. L. Bonkovsky. "Inflammatory markers in chronic hepatitis C." Virchows Archiv 431, no. 3 (September 2, 1997): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004280050086.

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Filipovich, O. M., and N. I. Kuznetzov. "Features of chronic hepatitis C course in pregnant women." Kazan medical journal 97, no. 5 (October 15, 2016): 716–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17750/kmj2016-716.

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Aim. To study features of the course of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in pregnant women and its effect on pregnancy.Methods. The study included 111 pregnant women: 67 with chronic hepatitis C and 44 healthy women. The mean age was 28 years. The number of pregnancies among examined women ranged from 1 to 8. All pregnant women had no concomitant therapeutic pathology and various addictions (alcohol, nicotine, drugs). The viral load in pregnant women with chronic hepatitis C ranged from 3.18×102 to 2.4×107 IU/mL.Results. Alanine aminotransferase and bilirubin levels in the group of chronic hepatitis C and in healthy pregnant women did not exceed the normal range and were not statistically different from each other. In repeated pregnancies viral load of hepatitis C virus was lower, compared with the first pregnancy: median [25%; 75%] = 5.202 [4.079; 6.364] and 6.658 [5.708; 7.380], respectively (p106 IU/mL). At the same time threatened miscarriage, intrauterine hypoxia and preeclampsia were registered more often.Conclusion. In the first pregnancy the viral load is higher than in repeated pregnancies; pregnancy in women with chronic hepatitis C without concomitant diseases does not cause activation of the inflammatory process in the liver; in pregnant women with chronic hepatitis C, especially at higher viral loads, medical history remarkable for obstetric diseases are more likely detected.

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Broide, Efrat, Shimon Reif, Eli Brazovski, Rivka Shapira, Batia Weiss, Yoram Bujanover, Hanoch Hager, and Nurit Amir. "CHRONIC HEPATITIS C IN ISRAELI CHILDREN." Fetal and Pediatric Pathology 23, no. 4 (January 2004): 231–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15227950490923471.

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12

Chu, Hoi-Weng, Srikanta Dash, and Michael A. Gerber. "Genomic and replicative hepatitis C virus RNA sequences and histologic activity in chronic hepatitis C." Human Pathology 25, no. 2 (February 1994): 160–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0046-8177(94)90272-0.

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Akhund, Anwar Ali, Rehana Akhtar, Syed Qaiser Husain Naqvi, and Mustafa Kamal. "CHRONIC HEPATITIS;." Professional Medical Journal 21, no. 03 (June 10, 2014): 450–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2014.21.03.2032.

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Objective: To determine the correlation between HCV genotypes and serum ALTlevels in various patients of chronic hepatitis induced by hepatitis C virus, in our setup. Design: Aprospective study carried out from August 2006 to December 2009. Setting: Research MedicalCenter LUMHS Jamshoro, Pathology Department Peoples University of Medical & HealthSciences Nawabshah and Biotechnology Department University of Karachi. Patients: A total of344 HCV-PCR positive patients with different genotypes were evaluated 239 men and 105 womenwith ages between 18–55 years of age years were included in the study. Methodology: All thepatients went for ELISA test for the presence of HCV antibodies by ELISA kit of Biokit Spain, then a10.0 ml sample of blood was collected in a tube with separating gel, to obtain serum, which wasO stored at -80 C, for the determination of HCV RNA by RT- PCR (Real time cephid smart cycler) andfor determination of HCV-RNA genotypes by comparison in sizes of the products amplified by RTPCRusing HCV genotype- specific primers, then subjecting the product to electrophoresis byAnagen kit. 5.0 ml of blood was also collected in a tube with separating gel, to obtain serum,which was stored at room temperature for the determination alanine aminotransferase by usingUV enzymatic kinetic method. Results: when HCV genotypes were correlated with serum ALTlevels, 09 cases were found < 50 mg % and among these 06 cases were of genotype 1a, 02 caseswere of genotype 2a and one case of untyped. 55 cases shows serum ALT level between 50-100mg % and among this majority of cases belongs to untyped category. 209 cases shows serumALT level between 100-200 mg % and among this majority of cases belongs to genotype 3a. 71cases shows serum ALT level >200 mg % and among this majority of cases belongs to genotype3a. Conclusions: The data in the current study indicates the strong correlation between HCVgenotypes and serum ALT levels. The genotypes 3a, 3b and 2 were found associated with highserum ALT levels and the genotype 1 was found associated with low levels of serum ALT.

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14

Savilov, E. D., N. N. Chemezova, V. A. Astafev, I. V. Malov, S. I. Malov, T. A. Gavrilova, T. M. Burdanova, A. V. Vladykina, and E. A. Chubukin. "PARENTERAL VIRAL HEPATITISES IN THE IRKUTSK REGION." Acta Biomedica Scientifica 3, no. 5 (October 29, 2018): 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.29413/abs.2018-3.5.22.

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From all group of infectious pathology viral hepatitises, from which the most priority are the parenteral hepatitises B and С, are essential for health of mankind, also the Irkutsk region isn’t an exception.The aim of the study:to assess an epidemiological situation in sharp and chronic forms of the viral hepatitises B and С in the territory of the Irkutsk region for the long-term period.Materials and methods. The retrospective analysis of an epidemiological situation on viral hepatitises B and C in Russia, Siberian Federal District and in the Irkutsk region for 2008–2016 is carried out.Results.The expressed decrease in incidence of acute viral hepatitis B is noted, at a chronic form of this disease rates of decrease had less expressed character that can be connected with carrying out by mass vaccinal prevention. The carried-out ranged distribution of territories for all forms of viral hepatitis B and viral hepatitis C in the Irkutsk region has allowed to reveal territories of risk.Conclusion.Parenteral viral hepatitises (sharp and chronic forms) are widespread in the territory of the Irkutsk region. From 43 administrative territories of the area, 24 belong to unsuccessful on incidences from which five are to territories of high epidemiological risk: cities of Irkutsk, Angarsk and Ust-Ilimsk and also Katangsky and Shelekhovsky districts.

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Nikolaeva, L. I., E. A. Leybman, G. V. Sapronov, and A. N. Yudin. "Liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic viral hepatitis c: some epidemiologic and molecular-genetic aspects." Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases 19, no. 2 (April 15, 2014): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/eid40788.

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The aim of this review is to analyze the modern epidemiological and molecular-genetic data concerning development of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis C. There were considered peculiarities of the occurrence of this pathology in adult patients and children with hepatitis C.

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Sieck, Jens O., Adnan El-Yazigi, Hatim Ali, Martin Døssing, Jalal Saour, Dale A. Raines, and Peter Ernst. "Elimination of Antipyrine and its Metabolites in Interferon Treated Hepatitis C." Human & Experimental Toxicology 13, no. 9 (September 1994): 598–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719401300902.

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1 To study the effect of interferon on hepatic drug metabolism in chronic hepatitis C, we examined nine patients before and at the end of 6 months of interferon treatment. 2 Routine liver function was determined together with the salivary clearance of antipyrine and the 48 h urinary excretion of the main metabolites of antipyrine: 4-hydroxyantipyrine, 3-hydroxymethylantipyrine and norantipyrine before and after 6 months of interferon treatment. 3 Liver pathology, routine liver function, and antipyrine metabolism remained unchanged after patients were treated for 6 months with interferon for a histologically advanced but clinically compensated chronic hepatitis C.

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Goodman, Zachary D., Hala R. Makhlouf, Lea Liu, William Balistreri, Regino P. Gonzalez-Peralta, Barbara Haber, Maureen M. Jonas, et al. "Pathology of chronic hepatitis C in children: Liver biopsy findings in the Peds-C Trial." Hepatology 47, no. 3 (December 31, 2007): 836–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.22094.

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Wyatt, J. "Steatosis and fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C." Journal of Clinical Pathology 57, no. 4 (April 1, 2004): 402–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.2003.009357.

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Wisnom, Christine J., and Maureen Kelly. "Medical/dental management of a chronic hepatitis C patient." Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology 75, no. 6 (June 1993): 786–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(93)90443-8.

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Tsvetkov, Valeriy V., Ivan I. Tokin, Olesya E. Nikitina, and Dmitry A. Lioznov. "Disorders of lipid metabolism in the liver in patients with chronic viral hepatitis." HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov 13, no. 2 (August 30, 2021): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/mechnikov71418.

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The review article is devoted to the problem of lipid metabolism disorders in the liver in patients with chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis C. The results of modern biological, epidemiological and clinical studies aimed at studying the causes and mechanisms of the formation of liver steatosis and steatohepatitis, their prevalence and influence on the course of infectious pathology are presented. Particular attention is paid to the generalization and systematization of the currently available data on the mechanisms of lipid metabolism disorders in the liver, mediated by the molecular structures of hepatitis B and C viruses. In conclusion, the need for timely diagnosis and treatment of pathological conditions caused by the development of lipid metabolism disorders in the liver is substantiated in order to increase the quality of medical care for patients with chronic hepatitis B and C.

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Szekerczés, Tímea, Alíz Gógl, Ildikó Illyés, József Mandl, Katalin Borka, András Kiss, Zsuzsa Schaff, Gábor Lendvai, and Klára Werling. "Autophagy, Mitophagy and MicroRNA Expression in Chronic Hepatitis C and Autoimmune Hepatitis." Pathology & Oncology Research 26, no. 4 (March 2, 2020): 2143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12253-020-00799-y.

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Shevchenko-Makarenko, O. P. "CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF EXPRESSION RATE OF MIRNA-29A IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC VIRAL HEPATITIS." International Medical Journal, no. 3 (September 16, 2020): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.37436/2308-5274-2020-3-16.

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Chronic viral hepatitis C is an urgent problem of hepatology. During the rapid development of epigenetics, small molecules, namely microRNA and microRNA−29a are actively studied in liver pathology. For this purpose, the level of miRNA−29a expression was studied in 74 patients having chronic viral hepatitis C with the first HCV genotype. Aberrant hyperexpression of miRNA−29a in the patients, the ability to differentiate the patients with chronic viral hepatitis C with sensitivity and specificity of the model of ROC analysis Se = 67.57 % and Sp = 90.91 %, DE = 79.24 % compared with healthy individuals. The expression of miRNA−29a was studied in the patients with chronic viral hepatitis C, who had a poor experience with antiviral therapy with interferon−containing protocols. The expression level of miRNA−29a was determined according to the manufacturer's protocol using the TaqMan® microRNA reverse transcription kit (Applied Biosystems, USA).The mean level of miRNA−29a expression in the patients with chronic viral hepatitis C (Me) and in groups of patients was assessed depending on previous experience of antiviral therapy. Aberrant hyperexpression of miRNA−29a was detected in the patients with chronic viral hepatitis C. In naive patients the level of miRNA−29a expression was 1.65 (1.27; 2.28) conventional units and in the patients with failed antiviral therapy according to regimens containing interferon was 1.64 (0.79; 2.20) conventional units compared with the control group (p = 0.002, H), which may reflect the potential mechanism of persistence of HCV infection. Thus, the expression level of miRNA−29a can be an additional biomarker in the pathogenesis of chronic viral hepatitis C, which can be used in the monitoring and treatment of patients, become the basis for prescribing the patients more effective protocols of targeted antiviral drugs and allow personification of treatment tactics. Key words: chronic viral hepatitis C, previous experience of antiviral therapy, miRNA−29a, aberrant hyperexpression.

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Hoso, Masahiro, Yasuni Nakanuma, Mitsuhiro Kawano, Kunio Oda, Koichi Tsuneyama, Judy Water, and M. Eric Gershwin. "Granulomatous cholangitis in chronic hepatitis C: A new diagnostic problem in liver pathology." Pathology International 46, no. 4 (April 1996): 301–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1827.1996.tb03615.x.

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Balercia, Giancarlo, Cristina Accordini, Daniele Di Piramo, Fabrizio Martella, and Anna Tomezzoli. "An Ultrastructural Study of Six Cases of Chronic Active C Hepatitis. A Comparison with Chronic Active B Hepatitis." Ultrastructural Pathology 17, no. 5 (January 1993): 477–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01913129309041299.

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Mihm, Sabine, Michael Frese, Volker Meier, Perdita Wietzke-Braun, Jens-Gerd Scharf, Ralf Bartenschlager, and Giuliano Ramadori. "Interferon type I gene expression in chronic hepatitis C." Laboratory Investigation 84, no. 9 (June 21, 2004): 1148–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/labinvest.3700135.

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Makashova, V. V., A. V. Tutelyan, and S. V. Shabalina. "Association between the duration of hepatitis C and activity and stage of liver fibrosis." Infekcionnye bolezni 18, no. 3 (2020): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1729-9225-2020-3-56-61.

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Objective: to assess the impact of the time of hepatitis C infection on the probability of liver fibrosis (according to epidemiological and immunological parameters). Patients and methods. This study was performed at the Clinical Department of Infectious Pathology, Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing. It included 153 patients with chronic hepatitis C. The diagnosis was based on epidemiological and clinical data, as well as on the results of laboratory testing (including typical changes in liver function tests and hepatitis C markers detected using ELISA, PCR, and fibroelastography). Results. Severe liver fibrosis (stage F3–F4) was associated with the time of infection identified by both epidemiological data and anti-HCV antibody detection. In the first case, pronounced fibrosis was absent for 10 years, whereas in the second case (when the detection of specific antibodies was considered as the disease onset), similar stage of fibrosis was detected in the first five years of disease. Therefore, more careful collection of epidemiological data is crucial for early diagnosis of chronic hepatitis C and early treatment initiation. Key words: chronic hepatitis C, epidemiological case history, specific antibodies, liver fibrosis

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Gabriel, Andrzej, Michał Kukla, Brygida Adamek, Kamil Tabor, Grzegorz Banasik, Maciej Horyniecki, and Waldemar Halota. "Steatosis influences hepatocytes proliferative potential in chronic hepatitis C patients." Polish Journal of Pathology 69, no. 4 (2018): 388–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/pjp.2018.78517.

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Haque, S., B. Chandra, M. A. Gerber, and A. S. F. Lok. "Iron overload in patients with chronic hepatitis C: A clinicopathologic study." Human Pathology 27, no. 12 (December 1996): 1277–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0046-8177(96)90337-8.

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Deshpande, Pooja, Christine Bundell, Elizabeth McKinnon, Margaret Hellard, Rosemary Ffrench, Anna L. Wilkinson, Heidi Drummer, Silvana Gaudieri, and Michaela Lucas. "Frequent occurrence of low-level positive autoantibodies in chronic hepatitis C." Pathology 52, no. 5 (August 2020): 576–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pathol.2020.05.001.

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Paradis, Valérie, Nelly Youssef, Delphine Dargère, Nathalie Bâ, Franck Bonvoust, Jean Deschatrette, and Pierre Bedossa. "Replicative senescence in normal liver, chronic hepatitis C, and hepatocellular carcinomas." Human Pathology 32, no. 3 (March 2001): 327–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/hupa.2001.22747.

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Nouri-Aria, Kayhan T., Richard Sallie, Masashi Mizokami, Bernard C. Portmann, and Roger Williams. "Intrahepatic expression of hepatitis C virus antigens in chronic liver disease." Journal of Pathology 175, no. 1 (January 1995): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/path.1711750112.

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Park, Young Nyun, Peter Boros, David Y. Zhang, Patricia Sheiner, Leona Kim-Schluger, and Swan N. Thung. "Serum Hepatitis C Virus RNA Levels and Histologic Findings in Liver Allografts With Early Recurrent Hepatitis C." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 124, no. 11 (November 1, 2000): 1623–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2000-124-1623-shcvrl.

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Abstract Background.—Histopathologic features of early recurrent hepatitis C after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTx) may be modified by immunosuppressive therapy or complicated by other conditions. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA level usually increases after OLTx, but its correlation to histologic findings is not clear. Objective.—To evaluate the histologic findings of early recurrent hepatitis C in liver allografts and its correlation to serum HCV RNA level. Methods.—We studied 14 patients who underwent OLTx for chronic HCV infection. Thirty liver biopsy specimens and HCV RNA levels of 22 corresponding plasma samples obtained during the first 6 months following OLTx were analyzed. The control group (9 patients, 25 biopsy specimens) was chosen at random from patients with chronic liver disease other than HCV who were undergoing OLTx, and all tested negative for HCV RNA by polymerase chain reaction after OLTx. Results.—Statistically significant pathological features of early recurrent HCV infection were the number of acidophilic bodies, piecemeal necrosis, lymphocyte predominance in the portal tracts, and fibrous septum. These findings and histologic activity index scores increased with time after OLTx. The HCV RNA levels determined by branched DNA assay showed no significant correlation with histologic features. However, patients with higher histologic activity index scores tended to have higher RNA levels. Conclusions.—Liver biopsy specimens are helpful for the diagnosis or confirmation of early recurrent hepatitis C in liver allografts, but serial biopsy specimens are sometimes required for definite diagnosis. The HCV RNA levels are usually higher in patients who display signs of more severe liver damage.

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Fontaine, Hélène, Bertrand Nalpas, Bruno Poulet, Françoise Carnot, Hervé Zylberberg, Christian Brechot, and Stanislas Pol. "Hepatitis activity index is a key factor in determining the natural history of chronic hepatitis C." Human Pathology 32, no. 9 (September 2001): 904–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/hupa.2001.28228.

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Santos, Bruno Miguel, Paula Sousa, Filomena Mena, Graça Santos Costa, Francisco Corte-Real, and Duarte Nuno Vieira. "Chronic hepatitis C – Assessment in civil law: A case study." Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine 17, no. 2 (February 2010): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2009.09.007.

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Ghosh, Alip, Sara Romani, Shyam Kottilil, and Bhawna Poonia. "Lymphocyte Landscape after Chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Cure: The New Normal." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 20 (October 10, 2020): 7473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207473.

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Chronic HCV (CHC) infection is the only chronic viral infection for which curative treatments have been discovered. These direct acting antiviral (DAA) agents target specific steps in the viral replication cycle with remarkable efficacy and result in sustained virologic response (SVR) or cure in high (>95%) proportions of patients. These treatments became available 6–7 years ago and it is estimated that their real impact on HCV related morbidity, including outcomes such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), will not be known for the next decade or so. The immune system of a chronically infected patient is severely dysregulated and questions remain regarding the immune system’s capacity in limiting liver pathology in a cured individual. Another important consequence of impaired immunity in patients cleared of HCV with DAA will be the inability to generate protective immunity against possible re-infection, necessitating retreatments or developing a prophylactic vaccine. Thus, the impact of viral clearance on restoring immune homeostasis is being investigated by many groups. Among the important questions that need to be answered are how much the immune system normalizes with cure, how long after viral clearance this recalibration occurs, what are the consequences of persisting immune defects for protection from re-infection in vulnerable populations, and does viral clearance reduce liver pathology and the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma in individuals cured with these agents. Here, we review the recent literature that describes the defects present in various lymphocyte populations in a CHC patient and their status after viral clearance using DAA treatments.

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Younossi, Zobair M., Navdeep Boparai, Terry Gramlich, John Goldblum, Peggy George, and James Mayes. "Agreement in Pathologic Interpretation of Liver Biopsy Specimens in Posttransplant Hepatitis C Infection." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 123, no. 2 (February 1, 1999): 143–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/1999-123-0143-aipiol.

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Abstract Hepatitis C virus–related disease is rapidly becoming the most common indication for orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) in the United States. Although post-OLT hepatitis C viremia is universal, 40% to 60% of patients develop recurrent chronic hepatitis C. Distinguishing recurrent chronic hepatitis C infection from acute rejection may be difficult because of overlapping histopathologic features. To improve our diagnostic accuracy we undertook a study to determine interobserver and intraobserver agreement between pathologists examining post-OLT liver biopsy specimens in patients from our transplant database. Clinical data and microscopic sections from 26 patients with hepatitis C virus–related OLT were reviewed. Biopsy specimens were obtained because of abnormal liver enzymes (21/26) or routine post-OLT follow-up (5/26), representing both early (18 ± 11 days) and late (252 ± 206 days) post-OLT periods. Unidentified sections were examined by an experienced pathologist in a randomly assigned order and reexamined 6 weeks later in the same fashion by the initial reviewer and a second experienced pathologist. Interobserver and intraobserver agreement was calculated using κ statistic. The intraobserver agreement was 81% with a κ coefficient of 0.67 (P = .001). The interobserver agreement was 78% with a κ coefficient of 0.60 (P < .001). The early post-OLT biopsy specimens (18 ± 11 days) were the most difficult to interpret.

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37

Tsai, Jung-Fa, Harold S. Margolis, Jen-Eing Jeng, Mei-Shang Ho, Wen-Yu Chang, Zu-Yau Lin, and Juei-Hsiung Tsai. "Circulating Immune Complexes in Chronic Hepatitis Related to Hepatitis C and B Viruses Infection." Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology 75, no. 1 (April 1995): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/clin.1995.1050.

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38

Zhdanov, K. V., K. V. Kozlov, V. S. Sukachev, S. M. Zaharenko, S. S. Karyakin, A. V. Saulevich, D. Yu Lobzin, et al. "Elimination of hcv-infection: a history with continuation." Journal Infectology 10, no. 4 (December 30, 2018): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2018-10-4-6-13.

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Chronic hepatitis C remains one of the most important socially significant infections for world health. The use of modern highly effective drugs with direct antiviral action allowsto achieve a sustained virological response in patients. At the same time, in a significant number of cases after elimination of HCV infection, the progression of fibrosis continues with the development of its terminal stages and an unfavorable outcome for patients. The article focuses on comorbid pathology, which is a leading factor in this process in patients with chronic hepatitis C who have achieved a sustained virological response and presenting a serious challenge to modern hepatology.

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39

Giannini, Carlo, Francesca Giannelli, Monica Monti, Grazia Careccia, Maria Eugenia Marrocchi, Giacomo Laffi, Paolo Gentilini, and Anna Linda Zignego. "Prevalence of mixed infection by different hepatitis C virus genotypes in patients with hepatitis C virus–related chronic liver disease." Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 134, no. 1 (July 1999): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-2143(99)90055-0.

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40

Roche, D. H., and M. L. Yeong. "The histopathology of chronic hepatitis c - are there any characteristic morphologic features?" Pathology 25 (1993): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3025(16)35731-2.

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41

Thomas, Rebecca M., Thomas D. Schiano, Friedrich Kueppers, and Martin Black. "Alpha -antichymotrypsin globules withinhepatocytes in patients with chronic hepatitis C and cirrhosis." Human Pathology 31, no. 5 (May 2000): 575–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/hp.2000.6685.

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42

Koukoulis, George K. "Chronic hepatitis C: Grading, staging, and searching for reliable predictors of outcome." Human Pathology 32, no. 9 (September 2001): 899–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/hupa.2001.28441.

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43

Asselah, Tarik, Ivan Bièche, Abdellah Mansouri, Ingrid Laurendeau, Dominique Cazals-Hatem, Gérard Feldmann, Pierre Bedossa, et al. "In vivo hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress in patients with chronic hepatitis C." Journal of Pathology 221, no. 3 (February 24, 2010): 264–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/path.2703.

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44

Nejjari, Mimoun, Anne Couvelard, Jean-Fran�ois Mosnier, Alain Moreau, G�rard Feldmann, Claude Degott, Patrick Marcellin, and Jean-Yves Scoazec. "Integrin up-regulation in chronic liver disease: relationship with inflammation and fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C." Journal of Pathology 195, no. 4 (2001): 473–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/path.964.

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45

Paradis, V., P. Mathurin, A. Laurent, F. Charlotte, M. Vidaud, T. Poynard, C. Hoang, P. Opolon, and P. Bedossa. "Histological features predictive of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C infection." Journal of Clinical Pathology 49, no. 12 (December 1, 1996): 998–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.49.12.998.

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46

Gheorghe, Dorin Nicolae, Darian Rusu, Elena Herascu, Dora Maria Popescu, Petra Surlin, and Ion Rogoveanu. "Evaluation of Liver Chemistry Tests and Clinical Parameters in Patients with Periodontal Disease and Chronic Hepatitis C." Revista de Chimie 68, no. 6 (July 15, 2017): 1252–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.17.6.5651.

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The concept of periodontal medicine has been created by taking into consideration the strong connection between the development of the periodontal disease and other general conditions. The presence in blood, saliva and gingival fluid of certain inflammatory markers that are common for the two conditions � periodontitis and chronic hepatitis C, that can generate the appearance of the periodontal inflammation, can be an explication for the probable interconnection of the two conditions. The purpose of this pilot study is to investigate whether chronic hepatitis C can be a worsening factor for the development of the periodontal disease, by setting correlations between the periodontal pathology and some metabolic markers of both hepatitis C and periodontitis patients in comparison to periodontitis-only ones. Positive correlations would justify the expansion of the study for a larger group of patients and the dosage of inflammatory markers for biologic fluids such as blood, saliva and gingival fluid.

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47

Suriawinata, Arief, Ming Q. Ye, Sukru Emre, James Strauchen, and Swan N. Thung. "Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in a Patient With Chronic Hepatitis C and Cirrhosis." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 124, no. 10 (October 1, 2000): 1532–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2000-124-1532-hcanhl.

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Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a hepatotropic virus, but its genome and replicative intermediates also have been detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Chronic HCV infection may lead to hepatocellular carcinoma and, in a small percentage of cases, to B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. To our knowledge, coexistence of these 2 tumors has not been reported previously. We describe a case of chronic hepatitis C and cirrhosis with 2 small hepatocellular carcinomas and incidental non-Hodgkin lymphoma of a hilar lymph node found during liver transplantation. Although the mechanisms of HCV oncogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma and in lymphoma are unclear, the presence of these 2 tumors in a single patient are in agreement with the tropism of HCV and its role in oncogenesis.

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48

Geraskin, A. E., L. M. Mosina, and L. V. Chegodaeva. "Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis as an extrahepatic manifestation of HCV infec- tion." Clinical Medicine (Russian Journal) 98, no. 9-10 (March 28, 2021): 709–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30629/0023-2149-2020-98-9-10-709-712.

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The problem of viral hepatitis C remains highly relevant despite the recent signifi cant advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of this pathology. Chronic hepatitis C is a systemic disease with extrahepatic manifestations. Autoimmune processes leading to cryoglobulinemia can contribute to their development. Basic clinical manifestations include cutaneous vasculitis with palpable purpura, arthralgia-myalgia, neuropathy, and renal complications such as glomerulonephritis. Polyneuropathies develop much earlier than hepatic encephalopathy, which is characteristic of liver damage. A clinical case represented in the article was noted in a patient with a long-term course of viral hepatitis C, manifested with pronounced neurological symptoms and the development of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis. In this case, of all the applied methods of treatment, only adequately conducted antiviral therapy contributed to the stabilization of the clinical manifestations of cryoglobulinemia. The promptness of antiviral therapy is of signifi cant importance, since it is a possibility to prevent the development of severe autoimmune pathology.

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49

Dimitrijevic, Jovan. "Clinical pathology." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 134, Suppl. 1 (2006): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh06s1078d.

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This work describes the basic elements of pathology used in clinical practice. Pathology plays an important role in clinical and scientific work, but only a few areas of pathology will be covered. Although the contribution of oncological and surgical pathology to therapy is the most well known, the cases chosen here will involve infectious pathology, diseases of the kidney and the liver, autoimmune diseases, as well as organ transplantation. Especially important is the description of methods that enable more accurate morphological diagnoses, such as histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and electronic microscopy. Previous experience and joint work with clinical doctors have enabled the definition of significant morphological elements as well as of essential methods of pathohistological diagnosis. Besides, as is often the case, although disease symptoms are difficult to discern and biochemical results do not show significant changes compared to normal values, the results of biopsy come as a surprise to clinical doctors. For example, in virus hepatitis B involving socalled asymptomatic HBsAg carriers, we discovered every morphological form of hepatitis, from minimal lesions to chronic, persistent, and active hepatitis. With hepatitis C, certain morphological lesions point to the etiopathogenesis of this disease and thus help to confirm the diagnosis and to instigate therapy on time. Another significant experience involves kidney biopsies in cases when clinical findings are asymptomatic. Often, in such cases, morphological findings point to glomerulonephritis and glomerulopathy at different stages. Timely and subtle morphological diagnostics offer a more precise explanation for the pathological injury of tissues than other diagnostic methods. In this way, by adopting new methods, the work of pathologists is included more and more in everyday clinical practice. The inclusion of pathologists in a transplantation team makes sure a proper selection of the organ for transplantation is carried out and ensures a reliable evaluation of the condition of the transplanted organ, enabling appropriate therapy. Autoimmune, hereditary diseases are almost impossible to recognise unless a biopsy is performed as in the examples given. In this work, the 30-year-long results of the cooperation between clinical doctors and pathologists are presented and compared with similar results from modern literature, together with numerous examples that represent significant experiences and achievements of our medicine.

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50

Solomay, T. V., and T. A. Semenenko. "Viral hepatitis B, C and infectious mononucleosis: epidemiological similarities and differences." Problems of Virology, Russian journal 65, no. 1 (March 17, 2020): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/0507-4088-2020-65-1-27-34.

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Introduction. The presence of etiologically unencrypted diagnoses in the structure of viral hepatitis determines the relevance of searching for other pathogens involved in liver pathology formation. The role of Epstein-Barr virus in the development of hepatitis was described in the scientific literature, but official statistics do not allow to assess its contribution to liver damage along with hepatitis B and C viruses.The purpose – to identify common and distinctive epidemiological features of viral hepatitis B (HB), C (HC) and infectious mononucleosis (IM).Material and methods. A retrospective epidemiological analysis of these nosologies incidence was carried out according to official statistics in 2009-2018 in the Russian Federation.Results and discussion. The multidirectional trends in the long-term dynamics of the incidence of IM, acute and chronic HB and HC and the presence of strong direct correlation between the acute and chronic HB and HC incidence were established. Distinctive features include disparity in epidemic process intensity in different age groups (prevalence of morbidity in children aged 1–2 and 3–6 years with IM and persons older than 18 years – with viral hepatitis). It is common for IM and HB and HC to involve the majority of urban population in the epidemic process, as well as children under the age of 1 year. The described differences are due to the action of transmission mechanisms specific to each infection.Conclusion. The results obtained in this study may serve as a basis for further study of the interaction of EpsteinBarr virus with hepatitis B and C viruses.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Hepatitis C chronic/pathology'

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