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Academic literature on the topic 'Hépatocytes – physiologie'
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Journal articles on the topic "Hépatocytes – physiologie"
Morzyglod, Lucille, Michèle Caüzac, Lucie Popineau, Pierre-Damien Denechaud, Lluis Fajas, Bruno Ragazzon, Véronique Fauveau, et al. "La protéine Grb14 est un inhibiteur physiologique de l’action mitogénique de l’insuline dans les hépatocytes, et c’est un acteur potentiel du développement des cancers hépatocellulaires." Diabetes & Metabolism 43, no. 2 (March 2017): A22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1262-3636(17)30167-2.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Hépatocytes – physiologie"
Yacoub, Chakib M. "Étude de la régulation du métabolisme hépatique chez les Ruminants : utilisation du modèle "hépatocytes isolés"." Montpellier 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON20045.
Full textOllivier, Hélène. "Contribution à l'étude des mécanismes de régulation du volume des hépatocytes isolés de turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) en condition hypo-osmotique : principaux effecteurs et voies de signalisation intracellulaire." Brest, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BRES0002.
Full textWhen turbot hepatocytes are exposed to a reduction of extracellular osmolality, they swell by about 20 % within first minutes after the hyposmotic shock. Cells subsequently undergo a RVD (Regulatory Volume Decrease) process to recover their original volume. This volume regulation process require coordinated mechanisms to sense volume perturbations, amplify and transduce the signal to the RVD effectors. Cell volume is regulated by the loss of K+ and Cl- with osmotically obligated water by activation of separate K+ and Cl- channels as well as K+/Cl- co-transporter and Cl/HCO3- exchanger. Signaling pathways involve many kinases ( PTK, PI3K, PKC, p38MAPK). . . ), phospholipases A2, C and D, arachinodic acid and eicosanoids and calcium, whose concentration strongly increases after hyposmotic stimulation. Cytoskeletal proteins also contribute to RVD process. Moreover, ATP released in extracellular medium by action of a CFTR-type channel or exocytosis is an important second messenger which acts as an auto/paracrine factor via purinergic receptors activation. The aim of this study was to determine the main cellular events linked to turbot hepatocytes RVD process and to attempt to replace them in the context of a complex and integrative response
Lecomte, Catherine. "Le métabolisme intermédiaire chez le rat après exposition à l'hypoxie intermittente : étude de l'utilisation et des effets du malate de citrulline." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10149.
Full textDevaux, Alain. "Expression et régulation d'activités enzymatiques dépendantes du cytochrome P450 dans des hépatocytes de truite arc-en-ciel (oncorhynchus mykiss) en culture primaire." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO10099.
Full textFouchs, Audrey. "Stress osmotique et activation des MAP Kinases ERK1/2 chez les hépatocytes de turbot, Scophthalmus maximus : implication des voies de signalisation intracellulaire du processus de RVD." Brest, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BRES2045.
Full textAmongst intracellular signalling pathways, the MAPK (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases) ERK1/2 (Extracellular-signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2) play a central role: they are activated by a wide range of environmental factors and can be involved in many cellular functions. In turbot hepatocytes, a hypo-osmotic shock, but not a hyper-osmotic shock, induces a rapid increase in ERK1/2 phosphorylation, maintained for at least 50 minutes. Despite being rapidly activated by a decrease in extracellular osmolality, the ERK1/2 do not seem to play a role in the RVD process established to counteract the volume changes induced by the aniso-osmotic conditions. However, there is a strong link between these two mechanisms, the signaling pathways involved in RVD being able to modulate the ERK1/2 signal. Indeed, in turbot hepatocytes, the ERK1/2 activation occurs in two stages: a transient activation (from O to 5 minutes after the hypo-osmotic shock) and a sustained activation (10 minutes after the shock). This sustained activation is dependent on ATP, calcium, cytoskeleton, stretch activated channels and protein kinases such as PKC, PI3K or PTK, all of the aforementioned being major signaling pathways of the RVD process
Claeyssens, Sophie. "Influence de l'adénosine sur la néoglucogénèse et sur la cétogénèse des hépatocytes isolés de rat." Rouen, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ROUES009.
Full textLeverve, Xavier. "Périfusion d'hépatocytes et analyse du contrôle : description et application à l'étude de la protéolyse et de la gluconéogénèse." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO1H078.
Full textPernelle, Kélig. "Etude de la détermination des progéniteurs hépatiques à s'autorenouveler ou à évoluer vers la différenciation et la mort à l'aide du modèle HepaRG." Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1B147.
Full textProgenitor cells are capable of differentiaton into different cell types. Differentiated cells will die by a process of senescence. Sometimes, these differentiated cells are able to escape from senescence and to enter in a process of immortalization. Most of common genetic changes known in cancer have a key role in the process of immortalization and senescence. So, senescence may be an important tumor suppressor mechanism. HepaRG model has many advantages for understanding the inter-relationship that can exist between cancer / senescence / differentiation. In this work, we were interested first of all understand some physiological mechanisms of differentiated HepaRG hepatocytes in order to maintain their differentiated properties when isolated from a mixed culture (hepatocytes and biliary cells). The aim was to use it for study early cytotoxicity with JC-1 test suitable for imaging and automated reading. We then used the HepaRG cell "plasticity", characterized by a transitional stem-progenitor bipotent stage and their ability to transdifferentiation, to observe the influence of physical forces onto hepatocyte differentiation. Although HepaRG cell line remains stable over time for detoxification functions, we have highlighted the emergence of a senescence process in HepaRG differentiated mixed cultures over time. Finally, we have characterized a cellular model derived from HepaRG able to enter into a process of senescence with passages and studied a gene deregulated in these cells; TBC1D5, a gene belonging to the Rab-Gap protein family
Willemin, Marie-Émilie. "Modélisation de la toxicocinétique des isomères cis et trans de la perméthrine et de ses métabolites chez le rat et de leur métabolisme sur hépatocytes humains." Thesis, Compiègne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014COMP2149/document.
Full textPopulation is largely exposed to pyrethroids, an insecticide family. The parent compound is suspected to induce neuronal and hormonal modifications in humans. Among this family, permethrin, a mixture of isomers cis/trans, is mainly used in house tratments. In this PhD project, we developed a PBK model of permethrin and some urinary metabolites uses as biomarkers of exposure. The matabolic interactions between the two isomers were also evaluated. A three steps strategy was followed. An analytical method by GC-MS/MS was developed to measure these compounds simultaneously in the different matrices. A PBPK of permethrin in rat was associated to a reduced PBPK model of DCCA and a 2-compartment model of 4'-OH-PBA and 3-PBA. The toxicokinetics parameters of each compound were estimated in a Bayesian framework from in vivo experiments in rats orally dosed with 25 mg/kg of cis- or trans permethrin. The PBPK model of permethrin was validated on the kinetic data of a mixture of permethrin. The hepatic metabolism was quantified in humans in primary hepatocytes in optimal conditions for in vitro-in vivo extrapolation, by incubating the isomers separately and as a mixture. This work underlines that a general PBPK model for Type 2 pyrethroids can be considered for the parent compound The lack of interaction between isomers during in vitro experiments and the validation of the PBPK model of permethrin could simplify the characterization of the exposure to a mixture of pyrethroids
Garnier, Marc. "Influence de l'environnement alvéolaire sur les monocytes/macrophages au cours du Syndrome de Détresse Respiratoire Aigüe : rôle sur la réparation alvéolaire." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC137/document.
Full textAcute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is the most severe form of acute lung injury. ARDS is characterized bydiffuse alveolar damage followed by a phase of alveolar repair necessary to recovery. Althoughmonocytes/macrophages are key actors of pathogenicity and resolution of ARDS, little is known about theirpolarization and role on alveolar repair during human ARDS. The hypothesis of our studies was that ARDS alveolarenvironment modulates differentiation and polarization of monocytes and macrophages, and that polarizedmacrophages are involved in alveolar repair and its regulation. The main results of our work have shown that: 1)ARDS alveolar environment inhibited monocytes differentiation into fibrocytes (mesenchymal progenitorsassociated with fibroprolifération and a poor prognosis), mainly through its Serum Amyloid P (SAP) content,originating, at least in part, from the release of SAP associated with lung connective tissue during ARDS; 2) ARDSalveolar environment drove an anti-inflammatory macrophage polarization, close to that induced by IL-10 in vitro;3) anti-inflammatory macrophages polarized by broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) from ARDS patients favored alveolarepithelial repair through a polarization-dependent production of Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF). This HGFproduction is amplified by an autocrine PTGS2/PGE2 dependent loop in human macrophages; 4) these results mayhave clinical relevance, since sCD163 (a marker of anti-inflammatory polarization) and HGF concentrations,expressed relatively to BAL macrophage count, were higher in ARDS survivors than non-survivors. Taken together,our works demonstrate for the first time the beneficial role of the ARDS alveolar environment onmonocytes/macrophages, inhibiting their differentiation into fibrocytes, thus limiting excessive lungfibroproliferation, and inducing an anti-inflammatory macrophage polarization, thus limiting the inflammationgenerated by the initial alveolar damage and favoring epithelial repair through HGF production. The datapresented in this thesis may allow considering anti-inflammatory macrophage repolarization as a potential newtherapeutic target of ARDS with excessive inflammation or fibro-proliferation with aberrant repair