Journal articles: 'Herbal teas – Analysis'

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Li, Hua, Lanying Wang, and Yanping Luo. "Composition Analysis by UPLC-PDA-ESI (−)-HRMS and Antioxidant Activity Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae Model of Herbal Teas and Green Teas from Hainan." Molecules 23, no. 10 (2018): 2550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23102550.

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Different teas from everywhere are very useful and have been extensively studied. We studied the antioxidant activity of herbal teas and green teas from Hainan, Mallotus oblongifolius Muell. Arg. (MO), Ilex kudingcha C.J. Tseng (KD), Camellia sinensis var. assamica (J. W. Mast.) Kitam. Hainan Dayezhong (DY), and Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze. (produced from Hainan Baisha (BS)). The total phenol content and total flavonoid content from water extracts, resin extracts and fractions of herbal teas and green teas were compared. Later, eight fractions of herbal teas and green teas were subjected to UPLC-PDA-ESI-(−)-HRMS. We determined 1-diphenyl -2-picryl-hydrazyl radical and hydroxyl free radical scavenging activity by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. We subjected Saccharomyces cerevisiae to hydrogen peroxide, stress and evaluated antioxidant activity of herbal teas and green teas in cellulo. The experiment identified more than 14 potential antioxidant compounds from herbal teas and green teas. The herbal teas and green teas had a clearance rate higher than ferulic acid at the same concentrations. MO best reduced intracellular oxidation levels and increased catalase, glutathione reductase activities, glutathione reduced and glutathione oxidized content. KD had the highest cell survival rate and reduced cell lipid peroxidation. DY best improved superoxide dismutase activity and BS was the most active in the halo test. Therefore, we concluded that MO had stronger antioxidant activity than other herbal teas and green teas from Hainan, especially, which reduce S. cerevisiae oxidative stress under H2O2 stress.

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TODORAN, Mihai, Liana HANGA, and Daniela BENEDEC. "Phytochemical analysis of herbal teas containing caffeic acid." Romania Journal of Pharmaceutical Practice 57, no. 2 (2021): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjphp.2021.2.3.

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Objectives. The present analysis was to investigate the content of caffeic acid derivatives, antioxidant activity, and the presence of caffeic acid in alcoholic extracts obtained from 16 simple teas from the following medicinal plants: Vaccinium mуrtilluѕ, Camеllia ѕinеnѕiѕ, Coffea arabica, Mеlіssa οffіcіnalіs, Οcіmum basіlіcum, Rοsmarіnus οffіcіnalіs, Salvіa οffіcіnalіs, Ηyssοрus οffіcіnalіs, Αrtеmіsіa absіntһіum, Cynara scοlymus, Calendula officinalis, Cοrіandrum satіvum, Fοеnіculum vulgarе, Carum carvі, Rοsa canіna, Crataеgus mοnοgyna. Materials and methods. The presence of caffeic acid was evaluated using the thin layer chromatography method (TLC). The total content of phenylpropanoids from the medicinal herbs alcoholic extracts was determined using a spectrophotometric method. Outcomes. Results were in the range of 0.046-2.426% caffeic acid derivatives (CAE%). The antioxidant properties were measured using the DPPH radical scavenging mechanism. The results were found to be in the range of 63.93% and 0.38% inhibition level (I%). The greatest antioxidant activity was measured for Camellia sinensis (I = 45.54%), followed by Vaccinium myrtillus (I = 50.289%). Conclusions. In this paper it was shown that these medicinal plants are rich in caffeic acid derivatives with antioxidant action capitalized in the prevention of serious diseases.

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Ng, K. S., Z. Mohd Zin, N. MohdMaidin, H. Mamat, N. H. Juhari, and M. K. Zainol. "High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis for flavonoids profiling of Napier grass herbal tea." Food Research 5, no. 1 (2020): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.5(1).311.

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Natural plant products are becoming more and more essential in helping to promote safe well-being worldwide. This leads to a substantial rise in the consumption of various herbal teas. The presence of beneficial bioactive ingredients such as flavonoids may be correlated with Napier grass herbal tea having health benefits associated with their intake. Studies have shown that herbal teas have preferentially high antioxidant activity due to the presence of flavonoids in them. The purpose of this study was to identify the Napier grass herbal teas flavonoids prepared under different conditions. Napier grass herbal teas have been formulated using green tea and black tea processes, respectively. The tea samples were extracted in water (95°C, 30 mins) and 60% (v/v) aqueous methanol (30 mins), respectively. Approximately, 1% (v/v) aqueous acetic acid solution (solvent A) and acetonitrile (solvent B) were used as the mobile phase. The flow rate was adjusted to 0.7 mL/min, the column was thermostatically controlled at 28°C, and the injection column was kept at 20 μL. HPLC chromatograms were detected using a photodiode array UV detector at 272 nm. Gallic acid, P-coumaric acid, catechin, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, rutin, myricetin and kaempferol were found in both Napier grass water and methanolic extracts, respectively. The findings suggested that the HPLC techniques are ideal for the detection and identification of flavonoids in Napier grass teas

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Moses, Lusia Barek, Zaleha Abd Aziz, Hasmadi Mamat, and Mohd Fadzelly Abu Bakar. "Nutritional Composition and Trace Elements Contents of Unfermented and Fermented Clinacanthus nutans L. Herbal Tea." Journal of Tropical Resources and Sustainable Science (JTRSS) 3, no. 3 (2015): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.47253/jtrss.v3i3.530.

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Clinacanthus nutans L. (locally known as ‘Sabah Snake Grass’) has been used traditionally to treat chronic diseases. However, there is insufficient information regarding the nutritional quality of the herbal. This study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional properties and trace elements contents of unfermented and fermented herbal teas developed from C. nutans leaves using different drying techniques (microwave- oven dried and freeze dried) in different infusion time (1, 2, 5, 10, 15 and 20 min). The proximate analysis were conducted according to AOAC’s standard methods, while, the colorimetric color of infusions were determined using HunterLab Color Meter. The trace elements in infusions were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrophotometric (ICP-OES) analysis. Among the C. nutans herbal teas, the freeze dried of unfermented herbal tea showed high ash (12.39 ± 0.39%) and fat (2.23 ± 0.10%) content, while, protein content was showed high in freeze dried of fermented herbal tea (23.15 ± 0.51%). Carbohydrate content was showed high in microwave-oven dried of unfermented herbal tea (63.40 ± 0.53%) with 3026.24 ± 28.23 kcal/kg of Metabolizable Energy (ME). For color infusion determination, C. nutans herbal teas displayed no significant difference (P >0.05) in color darkness as compared to commercial teas (L: 3.63 to 5.77). There were no significant differences between unfermented and fermented C. nutans herbal tea for its greenish (a: -2.69 to -1.20) and yellowish (b: 3.45 to 5.59) color infusion. Sixteen elements (Al, Ba, Be, Ca, Fe, In, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Zn, Se, Sr, Tl and Si) were detected in the C. nutans and commercial dried leaves. Potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and sodium (Na) were higher in C. nutans herbal infusions as compared to commercial teas infusions. Consumption of these herbal teas as dietary intake is able to overcome nutrients and minerals deficiency.

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Josic, Dragana, Marija Stojanovic, Zorica Lepsanovic, and Vera Katic. "Molecular characterization of Cronobacter sakazakii isolated from different herbal teas and mixtures in Serbia." Genetika 49, no. 3 (2017): 921–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1703921j.

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Cronobacter sakazakii is an important cause of human infections that can be serious and even fatal among premature neonates and immunocompromised adults or infants. Because of its high tolerance to osmotic stress, C. sakazakii is frequently isolated from dried foods, such as powdered infant formula and herbal teas. The aim of investigation was detection, identification and molecular characterization of Cronobacter sakazakii isolates from infant formula and various herbal teas collected from Serbian market and tested for import control. C. sakazakii was not detected in any of the 360 analysed samples of powdered infant formula. However, 192 out of 520 samples of herbal teas tested were positive for C. sakazakii (37.1%). The high prevalence was observed in teas for children (51.6%) and in ?baby? teas (44.1%), followed by medicinal teas (38%). The largest one-herb-teas group (221 samples) contained 72 C. sakazakii-positive samples (32.6%) and involved Sennae folium, Althaeae radix, Menthae piperitae folium, Chamomilae flos and Urticae folium teas. Molecular characterization of isolated C. sakazakii from different herbal teas by rep-PCR, RAPD and 16S rRNA sequences analysis showed the high similarity to C. sakazakii NCTC 8155. Knowing this strain as one of the most pathogenic clinical strains, our results raise concern about the safety risks these foods pose to immunocompromised and healthy consumers, especially for babies and children.

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Malongane, Florence, Lyndy Joy McGaw, Legesse Kassa Debusho, and Fhatuwani Nixwell Mudau. "Sensory Characteristics and Volatile Compounds of Herbal Teas and Mixtures of Bush Tea with Other Selected Herbal Teas of South Africa." Foods 9, no. 4 (2020): 496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9040496.

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South Africa has a traditional heritage of using indigenous herbal teas, and the demand for herbal teas motivated by the functional health benefits has far exceeded global supply. This has led to worldwide interest in the sensory characteristics and volatile compound characterisation of herbal drink formulations. The objective of this study was to investigate the descriptive sensory analysis and volatile compounds of bush, special, honeybush and rooibos tea and the blend of bush tea with special, honeybush and rooibos, respectively. The trained sensory panel scored each tea sample for aroma, taste, aftertaste and mouthfeel attributes using sensory evaluation practices. Compound identification was performed by gas chromatography connected to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The results of the study demonstrated that rooibos and honeybush tea had an overall sweet-caramel, honey-sweet, perfume floral and woody aroma while bush tea and special tea depicted green-cut grass, dry green herbal and astringent/dry mouth feel. The GC-MS analyses depicted the following compounds 2-furanmethanol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, D-limonene, dihydroactinidolide, linalool, (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal, and phytol. The blending of bush tea with rooibos and honeybush tea toned down its astringent mouth feel. Compounds identified in this study may be useful markers for potential herbal tea sensory characteristics.

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Gao, Tuo, Yongchen Wang, Chengwu Zhang, et al. "Classification of Tea Aromas Using Multi-Nanoparticle Based Chemiresistor Arrays." Sensors 19, no. 11 (2019): 2547. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19112547.

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Nanoparticle based chemical sensor arrays with four types of organo-functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were introduced to classify 35 different teas, including black teas, green teas, and herbal teas. Integrated sensor arrays were made using microfabrication methods including photolithography and lift-off processing. Different types of nanoparticle solutions were drop-cast on separate active regions of each sensor chip. Sensor responses, expressed as the ratio of resistance change to baseline resistance (ΔR/R0), were used as input data to discriminate different aromas by statistical analysis using multivariate techniques and machine learning algorithms. With five-fold cross validation, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) gave 99% accuracy for classification of all 35 teas, and 98% and 100% accuracy for separate datasets of herbal teas, and black and green teas, respectively. We find that classification accuracy improves significantly by using multiple types of nanoparticles compared to single type nanoparticle arrays. The results suggest a promising approach to monitor the freshness and quality of tea products.

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Zawisza, Beata, Marcin Musielak, Dalene de Beer, Elizabeth Joubert, and Beata Walczak. "Non-destructive elemental analysis of herbal teas from South Africa." Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 102 (September 2021): 104041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104041.

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Zielinski, Acácio A. F., Charles W. I. Haminiuk, and Trust Beta. "Evaluation of the Phenolics and in vitro Antioxidant Activity of Different Botanical Herbals Used for Tea Infusions in Brazil." Current Nutrition & Food Science 15, no. 4 (2019): 345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573401313666171020114727.

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Background: The consumption of herbal teas has gained much attention due to its healthpromoting benefits, including antioxidant, neuroprotective, antimicrobial, antitumor, and antiinflammatory effects. These biological activities are associated in part to the antioxidant activity of chemical compounds present in teas, especially flavonoids and phenolic acids. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate a total of 17 different botanical herbal infusions consumed in Brazil in terms of their phenolic antioxidants. Methods: The analysis performed were total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, total flavonols, tannin content and in vitro antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, FRAP, and ORAC assays). Data were processed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis (hierarchical cluster analysis). Results: The use of Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) suggested an unsupervised classification relationship based on level of functionality of the herbal teas. Higher levels of total phenolics, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity were found in Anemopaegma mirandum while higher values of tannin content and total flavonols were found in Peumus boldus. All antioxidant activity assays showed significant correlations among each other (r > 0.84, p < 0.001), and with total phenolic and flavonoids (r > 0.83, p < 0.001). Using HCA, three clusters were suggested and cluster 1 showed the highest functionality. Conclusion: The herbal infusions evaluated can be a good resource of bioactive compounds to consume and supplementing food products. Nevertheless, future studies should focus on the evaluation of these herbal teas using in vivo systems to understand the mechanisms of action when these different herbal infusions are used as beverages.

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Arbo, Marcelo Dutra, Paulini Braun, Mirna Bainy Leal, et al. "Presence of p-synephrine in teas commercialized in Porto Alegre (RS/Brazil)." Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 45, no. 2 (2009): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-82502009000200012.

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Citrus aurantium (bitter orange) is characterized by the presence of p-synephrine, an amine structurally and pharmacologically related to ephedrine. Besides the same adverse effects as ephedrine, nowadays it is believed that altered levels of p-synephrine can be associated to the occurrence of migraine and cluster headaches. Leaves and fruits of this species are highly commercialized in form of teas and herbal preparations, but without taking into account the risks associated with its use. This work describes a survey of teas and herbal preparations containing C. aurantium, commercialized in Porto Alegre (RS/Brazil), in order to verify the presence of p-synephrine. Comparing with the mean amount available in the supermarkets, around 20% of the teas and 10% of the herbal preparations declared the presence of C. aurantium in their labels. In a sampling of 15 teas and 2 herbal preparations selected for the analysis, the presence of p-synephrine was characterized in all samples, with levels between 0.0040 to 0.2308%, leading to a caution that even being natural products, they are not free of adverse effects.

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Lavrinenko, Yuliya Valer'yevna, Anna Maratovna Plieva, Gergana Yancheva Khristozova, Marina Vladimirovna Frontas'yeva, Inga Zin'kovskaya, and Kirill Gavriilovich Tkachenko. "ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF HERBAL TEAS STUDIED BY INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANAL-YSIS AND ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 3 (October 22, 2020): 305–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2020037428.

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The plants that make up herbal tea have a complex chemical composition and can be related to drug collections and have various pharmacological properties that affect human health. In addition to organic acids, vitamins, flavonoids, essential oils, the medicinal properties of plants are affected by macro- and microelements included in their composition. Macronutrients and microelements determine the medicinal properties of plants, are substances necessary for human growth and normal development. The composition of seven herbal teas developed in the scientific center of the North Ossetian State University after K.L. Khetagurov, each of which contains from 3 to 8 plant components was analyzed. Plant material was collected in the summer of 2018 in the mountainous and foothill areas of North Ossetia (Central Caucasus). Using instrumental neutron activation analysis and atomic absorption spectrometry, the presence and determination of 37 elements was carried out for the first time in herbal teas (Na, Mg, Cl, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Se, Br, Rb, Sr, Mo, In, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Sm, Tb, Hf, Ta, W, Au, Th, and U). The results are discussed in terms of using the studied herbal teas as a safe source of trace elements. Herbal teas can be used as functional foods that are not a drug, but replenish the human body with important compounds and elements that have a definite positive effect on the body.

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Omelchenko, Denis, Anna Speranskaya, Andrey Ayginin, et al. "Improved Protocols of ITS1-Based Metabarcoding and Their Application in the Analysis of Plant-Containing Products." Genes 10, no. 2 (2019): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10020122.

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Plants are widely used for food and beverage preparation, most often in the form of complex mixtures of dried and ground parts, such as teas, spices or herbal medicines. Quality control of such products is important due to the potential health risks from the presence of unlabelled components or absence of claimed ones. A promising approach to analyse such products is DNA metabarcoding due to its high resolution and sensitivity. However, this method’s application in food analysis requires several methodology optimizations in DNA extraction, amplification and library preparation. In this study, we present such optimizations. The most important methodological outcomes are the following: 1) the DNA extraction method greatly influences amplification success; 2) the main problem for the application of metabarcoding is DNA purity, not integrity or quantity; and 3) the “non-amplifiable” samples can be amplified with polymerases resistant to inhibitors. Using this optimized workflow, we analysed a broad set of plant products (teas, spices and herbal remedies) using two NGS platforms. The analysis revealed the problem of both the presence of extraneous components and the absence of labelled ones. Notably, for teas, no correlation was found between the price and either the absence of labelled components or presence of unlabelled ones; for spices, a negative correlation was found between the price and presence of unlabelled components.

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Romera-Torres, Ana, Roberto Romero-González, José Luis Martínez Vidal, and Antonia Garrido Frenich. "Simultaneous analysis of tropane alkaloids in teas and herbal teas by liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (Orbitrap)." Journal of Separation Science 41, no. 9 (2018): 1938–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201701485.

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Mathivha, Lutendo Patricia, Vuyisile Samuel Thibane, and Fhatuwani Nixwell Mudau. "Anti-diabetic and anti-proliferative activities of herbal teas, Athrixia phylicoides DC and Monsonia burkeana Planch. ex Harv, indigenous to South Africa." British Food Journal 121, no. 4 (2019): 964–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-10-2018-0697.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the health and medicinal importance of bush tea (Athrixia phylicoides DC) and special tea (Monsonia burkeana Planch. ex Harv), two of Southern African indigenous herbal teas. Design/methodology/approach The two herbal teas, A. phylicoides and M. burkeana were extracted individually and in combined ratios for analysis. The phenolic content was determined and the different phenolic compounds were identified using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The anti-diabetic activity of the teas was determined by evaluating the inhibition of both α-amylase and α-glucosidase in vitro. The anti-proliferative activity was measured on human cervical cancer (HeLa) cell line using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyltetrazolium) assay. Findings Gallic acid, chlorogenic acid and quercetin were identified to be present in significant quantities by TLC. The HPLC quantified the presence of catechin (1.567 mg/g) and chlorogenic acid (1.862 mg/g) in special tea while chlorogenic acid (1.288 mg/g) was present in bush tea. Bush tea and special tea expressed significant levels of phenolic content and high antioxidant activities. Special tea (S100) expressed high inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase and HeLa cell line proliferation when compared to bush tea (B100). Originality/value Both bush tea and special tea could provide an alternative for treatment and management of both diabetes and cervical cancer. However, future studies are needed to investigate their synergistic effect with a wide range of other commercial herbal teas.

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Bicchi, Carlo, Chiara Cordero, Cristina Iori, et al. "SBSE-GC-ECD/FPD in the Analysis of Pesticide Residues inPassiflora alataDryander Herbal Teas." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 51, no. 1 (2003): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf020630f.

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Winkler, Aleksandra, Mirjam Rauwolf, Johannes H. Sterba, Peter Wobrauschek, Christina Streli, and Anna Turyanskaya. "Total reflection X ‐ray fluorescence analysis of elemental composition of herbal infusions and teas." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 100, no. 11 (2020): 4226–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.10463.

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Xanthopoulou, Aliki, Ioannis Ganopoulos, Apostolos Kalivas, et al. "Multiplex HRM analysis as a tool for rapid molecular authentication of nine herbal teas." Food Control 60 (February 2016): 113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.07.021.

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Stander, M. A., T. Brendler, H. Redelinghuys, and B. E. Van Wyk. "The commercial history of Cape herbal teas and the analysis of phenolic compounds in historic teas from a depository of 1933." Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 76 (March 2019): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2018.11.001.

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Žiarovská, J., A. Rajchl, E. Fernández, J. Prchalová, and L. Milella. "Identification of Smallanthus sonchifolius in herbal tea mixtures by PCR and DART/TOF-MS methods." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 34, No. 6 (2016): 495–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/107/2016-cjfs.

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The identification of yacon, a medicinal plant, in tea mixtures by rapid Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and the Direct Analysis in Real Time coupled with Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (DART/TOF-MS) method were evaluated. Three tea products and a pure yacon tea were analysed using the molecular method PCR, concretely the intraspecific variation of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA and the DART method coupled with TOF-MS. The results show the reliability of PCR and restriction cleavage of the ITS as a combined approach to confirm the presence of yacon in herbal tea mixtures. Three fragments of approximately 700, 408, and 235 bp in length are present when yacon is a part of the herbal tea mixture. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based on the fingerprints of the complete Total Ion Current (TIC) mass spectra shows sufficient separation of herbal teas with and without yacon leaves. The reported methods are technically rapid and can be used as an effective tool for the purposes of yacon identification or authentication.

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Kara, Derya. "Evaluation of trace metal concentrations in some herbs and herbal teas by principal component analysis." Food Chemistry 114, no. 1 (2009): 347–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.09.054.

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Reinholds, Ingars, Estefanija Bogdanova, Iveta Pugajeva, et al. "Determination of Fungi and Multi-Class Mycotoxins in Camelia sinensis and Herbal Teas and Dietary Exposure Assessment." Toxins 12, no. 9 (2020): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12090555.

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In this paper, a study of fungal and multi-mycotoxin contamination in 140 Camellia sinensis and 26 herbal teas marketed in Latvia is discussed. The analysis was performed using two-dimensional liquid chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (2D-LC-TOF-MS) and MALDI-TOF-MS. In total, 87% of the tea samples tested positive for 32 fungal species belonging to 17 genera, with the total enumeration of moulds ranging between 1.00 × 101 and 9.00 × 104 CFU g−1. Moreover, 42% of the teas (n = 70) were contaminated by 1 to 16 mycotoxins, and 37% of these samples were positive for aflatoxins at concentrations ranging between 0.22 and 41.7 µg kg−1. Deoxynivalenol (DON) and its derivatives co-occurred in 63% of the tea samples, with their summary concentrations reaching 81.1 to 17,360 µg kg−1. Ochratoxin A (OTA), enniatins, and two Alternaria toxins were found in 10–37% of the teas at low concentrations. The dietary exposure assessment based on the assumption of a probable full transfer of determined mycotoxins into infusions indicated that the analysed teas are safe for consumers: the probable maximum daily exposure levels to OTA and the combined DON mycotoxins were only 0.88 to 2.05% and 2.50 to 78.9% of the tolerable daily intake levels.

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Amaral, Fernanda Moreira do, Sarah de Sá Rego Monteiro, Juliana da Conceição Peres Leitão, Selma Ribeiro de Paiva, and Ana Joffily. "Analysis of labels of medicinal teas from formal trade and notes on the lack of concern for botanical nomenclature." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 9 (2020): e435997346. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i9.7346.

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This work analyzed the labels of medicinal teas from formal trade, according to the specific legislation. Thirty samples of herbal drugs included in the Form of Phytotherapeutics of the Brazilian Pharmacopeia were photographed in commercial establishments in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, and analyzed according to the Resolution of Anvisa RDC 26/2014 and the Form. Information related to the botanical nomenclature, plant part, guidelines for preparation, warnings, claims, and orientations for use was inconsistent with the official standards in most samples, and 77% were marketed as food products, although the studied species are not regulated for the commercialization in the food area. The consumption of herbal products in disagreement with the official recommendations may cause toxic effects or lack of the expected benefits. The irregularities identified suggest the absence or failure in quality control and a lack of concern for the scientific botanical nomenclature, exposing the public health to risks.

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Varsani, Myrto, Konstantia Graikou, Aristea Velegraki, and Ioanna Chinou. "Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Origanum dictamnus Traditional Herbal Tea (decoction)." Natural Product Communications 12, no. 11 (2017): 1934578X1701201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1701201139.

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In the framework of the re-evaluation of chemistry and biological properties of Greek herbal teas (decoctions), the objective of this study was the estimation of the total phenolic content and the antimicrobial activity as well as the chemical analysis of the water extracts (decoction) of three samples of Cretan dittany ( Origanum dictamnus L) prepared in the traditional way to be used (drunk). Ten secondary metabolites were isolated and elucidated on the basis of spectral evidence for the first time from O. dictamnus drinkable decoction: carvacrol (1), β-sitosterol (2), uvaol (3), ursolic acid (4), rosmarinic acid (5), lithospermic acid (6), ferulic acid (7), cafeic acid (8), p-coumaric acid (9) and apigenin-7- O-glucoside (10). The samples showed a high total phenolic content (185.5-139.7 mg CAE/g) and an interesting antibacterial profile against Gram positive and negative human pathogenic microorganisms. Furthermore, the bioactivity against a panel of Malassezia strains was estimated.

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Terninko, Inna I., Evgeny V. Vishnyakov, Margarita A. Romanova, and Yulia E. Generalova. "Determination of the marker compounds for standardization medicinal herbal species «Pectorales tea №1» and «Proctofitol»." Pharmacy Formulas 2, no. 2 (2020): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/phf34611.

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The State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation 14th ed. suggests to standardize herbal teas using the procedures presented in the pharmacopoeia monographs but this approach is not always relevant due to complexity of this dosage form composition. The purpose of investigation is to estimate quality of herbal teas utilizing monographs recommended by the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation 14th ed. for the individual components of teas and suggest feasible alternative approaches to standardization of multicomponent herbal drugs. The objects of investigation Pectorales species № 1 and Proctofitol. Detection of substances was carried out using chromatographic (TLC and HPLC) and spectrophotometric methods recommended by the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation 14th ed. for individual components measured in term of marker biological active substances or substances found in the course of quality analysis. It has been found out that the content of flavonoids measured in terms of giperosid surpasses over the equivalent figure in terms of luteolin in the extractions from Pectorales species № 1. The content of hydroxycinnamic acids in the same tea measured in terms of rosmarinic acid surpasses over the equivalent figure in terms of chlorogenic acid. Analysis of anthracene derivates in the Proctofitol has shown that the adsorption maximum of phenolate solution of anthracene derivates (523 nm) coincides with maximum by which was calculated the mass attenuation coefficient of sennoside B (523 nm) (for chrysophanic acid = 515 nm) and the maximum of adsorption of extraction from the tea with using alcohol solution of magnesium acetate (515 nm) coincides with maximum by which was calculated the mass attenuation coefficient of glucofrangulin A. Preliminary cleaning Proctofitol off anthracene derivates allowed to estimate the content of glycyrrhizic acid more completely. The giperosid was suggested as a marker substance for determination of flavonoids, rosmarinic acid was suggested as a standard for hydroxycinnamic acids in Pectorales species № 1. The sennoside B was suggested as a marker for estimating of content of anthracene derivates in the Proctofitol and the necessity of cleaning this tea off anthracene derivates when defining glycyrrhizic acid was proven.

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Malbasa, Radomir, Jasmina Vitas, Eva Loncar, and Spasenija Milanovic. "Physical and textural characteristics of fermented milk products obtained by kombucha inoculums with herbal teas." Acta Periodica Technologica, no. 43 (2012): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/apt1243051m.

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In this investigation, kombucha fermented milk products were produced from milk with 1.6% milk fat using 10% (v/v) kombucha inoculums cultivated on the extracts of peppermint and stinging nettle. The fermentation process was conducted at temperatures of 37, 40 and 43?C. Fermentation was stopped when the pH value of 4.5 was reached. The fermentation process was shortened with an increase of temperature. Physical characteristics of the fermented products were determined by using standard methods of analysis. Textural characteristics were determined by texture profile analysis. The obtained products showed good physical and textural characteristics, typical for the yoghurt-like products.

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Prkić, Ante, Antonija Jurić, Josipa Giljanović, et al. "Monitoring content of cadmium, calcium, copper, iron, lead, magnesium and manganese in tea leaves by electrothermal and flame atomizer atomic absorption spectrometry." Open Chemistry 15, no. 1 (2017): 200–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chem-2017-0023.

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AbstractDue to the simplicity of tea preparation (pouring hot water onto different dried herbs) and its high popularity as a beverage, monitoring and developing a screening methodology for detecting the metal content is very important. The concentrations of Cd, Ca, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mg and Mn in 11 different samples of sage (Salvia officinalis L.), linden (Tilia L.) and chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) purchased at local herbal pharmacy were determined using electrothermal atomizer atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) and flame atomizer atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The concentrations determined were: Cd (0.012 – 0.470 mg kg−1), Ca (5209 – 16340 mg kg−1), Cu (22.01 – 33.05 mg kg−1), Fe (114.2 – 440.3 mg kg−1), Pb (0.545 – 2.538 mg kg−1), Mg (2649 – 4325 mg kg−1) and Mn (34.00 – 189.6 mg kg−1). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to identify factors (soil and climate) influencing the content of the measured elements in herbal samples. The proposed methodology developed in this work was successfully applied to the detection of metals in herbal samples. The analysis showed that the content of toxic metals in herbal teas was below the maximum dose recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO).

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Lapenna, Silvia, Maria Camilla Bergonzi, Franco Francesco Vincieri, and Anna Rita Bilia. "Comparative Analysis of Antimalarial Principles in Artemisia Annua L. Herbal Drugs from East Africa." Natural Product Communications 3, no. 12 (2008): 1934578X0800301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x0800301213.

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Malaria mortality continues to increase across the world and represents the most important parasitic disease of man. Artemisia annua L. (Asteraceae) has been used to treat fevers in China for over two millennia and recently the clinical efficacy of teas and decoctions derived from this species have been demonstrated, using high artemisinin-yielding plants. Therefore, it is important to verify the artemisinin levels in local cultivations in areas where malaria is endemic and to assess how different geographical and climatic conditions may affect the efficacy of traditional treatments. In this study, samples of the aerial parts of A. annua (ANAMED 3 hybrid) cultivated in three different locations in Burundi were compared for their content of active principles. Artemisinin levels in the plant materials ranged from 0.20% to 0.35%, while total flavonoid contents ranged from 0.32% to 0.80%.

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Oberlies, Nicholas H., Nam-Cheol Kim, Dolores R. Brine, et al. "Analysis of herbal teas made from the leaves of comfrey (Symphytum officinale): reduction of N-oxides results in order of magnitude increases in the measurable concentration of pyrrolizidine alkaloids." Public Health Nutrition 7, no. 7 (2004): 919–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2004624.

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AbstractObjectives:To determine the relative quantities of two hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids, symphytine and echimidine, in teas prepared from comfrey leaves (Symphytum officinale), and to determine the potential contribution of the N-oxide forms of these alkaloids to levels of the parent alkaloids.Design:Comfrey leaves were purchased from three commercial sources and used to prepare tea in a manner consistent with the methods used by consumers. An extraction scheme was devised for extraction of the alkaloids, and a gas chromatographic method was developed to quantify the two major alkaloids, symphytine and echimidine. Recognising that the N-oxide derivatives of these alkaloids have also been identified in comfrey preparations, chemical reduction was applied to determine the total quantities of the alkaloids as free bases and as N-oxide derivatives.Results:The concentration of symphytine and echimidine varied considerably between teas prepared from leaves purchased from the different vendors of plant material. Moreover, a much higher concentration of symphytine was found in the tea when steps were included to reduce N-oxides prior to analysis. The treatment of pure symphytine with hot water did not generate the N-oxide derivative de novo.Conclusions:Since the pyrrolizidine alkaloids are known to be hepatotoxic, consumption of herbal teas made from comfrey leaves may be ill-advised. The concentration of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in such teas may be underestimated substantially unless the concentration of N-oxides is taken into consideration.

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Timóteo, Patrícia, Anastasia Karioti, Suzana G. Leitão, Franco Francesco Vincieri, and Anna Rita Bilia. "A validated HPLC method for the analysis of herbal teas from three chemotypes of Brazilian Lippia alba." Food Chemistry 175 (May 2015): 366–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.11.129.

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Przybylska, Anna, Marcin Gackowski, and Marcin Koba. "Application of Capillary Electrophoresis to the Analysis of Bioactive Compounds in Herbal Raw Materials." Molecules 26, no. 8 (2021): 2135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26082135.

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The article is a summary of scientific reports from the last 16 years (2005–2021) on the use of capillary electrophoresis to analyze polyphenolic compounds, coumarins, amino acids, and alkaloids in teas or different parts of plants used to prepare aqueous infusions, commonly known as “tea” or decoctions. This literature review is based on PRISMA guidelines and articles selected in base of criteria carried out using PICOS (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Study type). The analysis showed that over 60% of articles included in this manuscript comes from China. The literature review shows that for the selective electrophoretic separation of polyphenolic and flavonoid compounds, the most frequently used capillary electromigration technique is capillary electrophoresis with ultraviolet detection. Nevertheless, the use of capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry allows for the sensitive determination of analytes with a lower limit of detection and gives hope for routine use in the analysis of functional foods. Moreover, using the modifications in electrochemical techniques allows methods sensitivity reduction along with the reduction of analysis time.

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Ulusoy, Kemal Gökhan, Fidan Pesen Özdoğan, Seyfullah Oktay Arslan, et al. "An Analysis of the Pharmacological Components of Herbal Teas Used for Galactagogue Effects by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry." Anadolu Kliniği Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi 24, no. 2 (2019): 101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.494566.

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Van Thuyne, W., P. Van Eenoo, and F. T. Delbeke. "Urinary concentrations of morphine after the administration of herbal teas containing Papaveris fructus in relation to doping analysis." Journal of Chromatography B 785, no. 2 (2003): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1570-0232(02)00910-8.

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Du, Hui, Shan-Shan Li, Qian Wu, et al. "Analysis of Active Compounds and Antioxidant Activity Assessment of Six Popular Chinese Juhua Teas." Natural Product Communications 10, no. 3 (2015): 1934578X1501000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1501000329.

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Chrysanthemum is an important traditional Chinese medicine and is drunk daily as a herbal tea. Chlorogenic acids and flavonoids are generally considered as the bioactive compounds. In this work, six kinds of Juhua Tea were analyzed and their active compounds and antioxidant activities were compared. In total, 32 phenolic compounds were profiled and identified using HPLC-DAD/ESI-MSn, composed of chlorogenic acids (10), flavones (8), chalcones (8), flavanones (4) and flavonols (2). Chalcones were the main flavonoids in Kunlun Xueju ( Coreopsis tinctoria) extract, while flavones and chlorogenic acids were dominant in the five Chrysanthemum teas. Total chlorogenic acids content (TCA) was highest in Tai Ju ( Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. ‘ Tai Ju’) (8.59 ± 0.87 mg/g DW), and total flavonoids content (TF) was highest in Kunlun Xueju (87.2 ± 7.0 mg/g DW), which were both lowest in Ganye Ju ( Chrysanthemum eticuspe) (TCA 0.86 ± 0.26 mg/g DW, TF 1.43 ± 0.41 mg/g DW). Huangjin Ju ( Anthemis tinctoria) possessed the most flavones (19.7 ± 0.6 mg/g DW). Antioxidant capacity of each drink, assessed by Folin–Ciocalteu, DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays, consistently showed that Kunlun Xueju extract possessed stronger antioxidant activity than the other five, suggesting that the flavonoids content accounted for the free radical scavenging. The present work provides a method for the characterization and quality control of Juhua Tea. Moreover, it is a guideline for consuming choice, due to the different biological functions resulting from chalcones, chlorogenic acids, and flavones.

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Konieczyński, Paweł, and Marek Wesołowski. "Interrelationships among selected essential elements in medicinal plant raw materials and their water-extractable forms." Herba Polonica 59, no. 2 (2013): 46–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hepo-2013-0011.

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Summary In the study, the relationships were investigated among N, P, Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu, in medicinal plant raw materials (herbal bags) and their water-soluble chemical forms in infuses. 42 independent samples of plant materials were chosen, represented by different morphological plant parts as herbs, leaves, flowers and fruits. The elements were determined by UV/Vis spectrometry (non-metals), and FAAS (metallic elements) after previous mineralization of plant samples (total concentrations), and directly in herbal teas (water-extractable forms). Most frequently the correlations between non-metals and Zn and Mn occurred, both between their total contents the water-extractable forms. Statistically significant correlations were also found in pairs: Zn-Mn, Fe-Zn, Mn-Fe, and Cu-Zn. Application of multivariate analysis revealed that cluster analysis grouped the studied samples into clusters with similar levels of the analyzed elements, and principal component analysis allowed the identification of water-extractable Zn, P-PO4 and water-extractable Cu as the most crucial factors determining the differentiation of the studied plant samples.

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Speranskaya, Anna S., Kamil Khafizov, Andrey A. Ayginin, et al. "Comparative analysis of Illumina and Ion Torrent high-throughput sequencing platforms for identification of plant components in herbal teas." Food Control 93 (November 2018): 315–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.04.040.

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Altamirano, Jorgelina C., Samuel R. Gratz, and Karen A. Wolnik. "Investigation of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids and Their N-Oxides in Commercial Comfrey-Containing Products and Botanical Materials by Liquid Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 88, no. 2 (2005): 406–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/88.2.406.

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Abstract Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) and their N-oxides are found in several plant families throughout the world. PAs are potentially toxic to the liver and/or lungs in humans and may cause acute liver failure, cirrhosis, pneumonitis, or pulmonary hypertension. PAs are also carcinogenic to animals, and they have been linked to the development of hepatocellular and skin squamous cell carcinomas as well as liver angiosarcomas. According to experimental studies, the quantity of PAs in some herbal teas and dietary supplements is sufficient to be carcinogenic in exposed individuals. A method for the extraction and identification of PAs and their N-oxides in botanical materials and commercial comfrey-containing products has been developed using liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Following optimization of the extraction procedure and the chromatographic conditions, the method was applied to the analysis of 10 herbal remedies. All of the products that were labeled to contain comfrey were found to contain measurable quantities of PAs.

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Pokladnikova, Jitka, and Iva Selke-Krulichova. "The Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine by the General Population in the Czech Republic: A Follow-Up Study." Complementary Medicine Research 25, no. 3 (2017): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000479229.

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Background: The prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) ranges between 0.3% and 86% in most highly developed countries. In the Czech Republic, CAM is used by 76% of the general population. Our aim was to examine patterns in CAM use among a representative sample of the general population in the Czech Republic, for 2011 and 2014. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted. A sex-, age- and region-stratified sample of citizens aged 15 years and older was randomly selected from the 2014 voter registration lists (n = 8,395,132). A comparative analysis of data collected in 2011 and 2014 was performed. Results: Overall, 76.0% (N = 1,365) versus 87.0% (N = 1,565) of the respondents reported use of 1 or more CAM modalities during the past 30 days, in 2011 and 2014, respectively (p < 0.001). In both years, the top 4 CAM modalities used were vitamins/minerals, herbal teas, massage, and relaxation. Yoga replaced dietary supplements excluding vitamins/minerals in the 5th position. Nevertheless, only herbal teas (48.0% vs. 53.0%, p = 0.002), massage (20.0% vs. 26.0%, p < 0.001), relaxation (10.0% vs. 19.0%, p < 0.001), and yoga (3.7% vs. 7.1%, p < 0.001) showed a significant increase in use. Conclusions: The prevalence of CAM use in the Czech Republic is increasing, especially among people who use biological, body- and mind-based CAM therapies. There is a great need to educate students and health care professionals about the efficacy and safety of CAM in order to meet the patients' demands on CAM.

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Ajuwon, Olawale, Ademola Ayeleso, and Gbenga Adefolaju. "The Potential of South African Herbal Tisanes, Rooibos and Honeybush in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus." Molecules 23, no. 12 (2018): 3207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23123207.

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Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that can lead to high morbidity, mortality and long-term complications. Available treatment strategies, which are mainly based on treating hyperglycemia, with insulin and other pharmacological agents are not completely efficient and can even lead to development of unwanted side effects. Scientific evidence suggests that bioactive compounds from teas and other plant-based foods, which are known source of natural antioxidants, could be an attractive strategy to preferentially treat and manage type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and thus, have significant therapeutic implications. In this review, we attempt an in-depth analysis and discussion of the current progress in our understanding of the antidiabetic potential of two commercialized South Africa herbal tisanes—Rooibos and Honeybush and their polyphenols.

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Wang, Le, Shusheng Fan, Xiaoping Wang, et al. "Physicochemical Aspects and Sensory Profiles as Various Potential Factors for Comprehensive Quality Assessment of Nü-Er-Cha Produced from Rhamnus heterophylla Oliv." Molecules 24, no. 18 (2019): 3211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24183211.

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Nü-Er-Cha, produced from the leaves of Rhamnus heterophylla Oliv., is known as an herbal tea and used in the treatment of bleeding, irregular menstruation and dysentery. A method was developed for the quality assessment of herbal tea, Nü-Er-Cha, adopting physical parameters, chemical constituents and sensory profiles as various potential factors. Their inner relationship was mined by multivariate statistical analysis tools, and the three factors were integrated by a technique for order preference by a similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) approach to comprehensively analyze the characters of Nü-Er-Cha. Viscosity was also introduced to the physical parameter determination besides conductivity, pH and color. Seven common peaks of eight batches of Nü-Er-Cha were marked by a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint. They were further identified by HPLC mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) as hydroxybenzoic acids and flavanol glycosides. Fifty trained members participated in the sensory evaluation. Significant correlations between total sensory scores and conductivity, viscosity as well as pH were observed, a relatively innovative result for the quality assessment of herbal teas. The common peaks, belonging to hydroxybenzoic acids and flavanol glycosides, were mainly related to the color of infusions and leaves. The result of the TOPSIS analysis showed that S3 and S4 ranked as the top two in the comprehensive quality assessment. This may be related to rhamnetin triglycoside with a galactose/glucose and two rhamnoses, which had a higher peak response in S3 and S4 than that in the other samples. The present study may contribute to a better understanding of the relationship regarding physical properties, chemical composition and sensory profiles, and it may supply ideas for the comprehensive quality assessment of the herbal tea Nü-Er-Cha.

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Qin, Shao-chang, Juan-ling Li, Abdul Kareem, and Yong Wang. "GC-MS Analysis of Volatile Components in Partridge Tea (Mallotus obongifolius)." HortScience 54, no. 8 (2019): 1288–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci14079-19.

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Partridge tea is one of the famous local herbal teas of Hainan Island, China. In the present study, headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were combined to determine and analyze the volatile components in the red and green leaves of partridge tea. Seventeen volatile components were identified in the red young leaves. The olefins, alkanes, and alcohols accounted for 71.24%, 1.1%, and 0.54%, among which the main components were caryophyllene (22.50%), humulene (18.73%), and α-guaiene (8.78%), respectively. Twenty volatile components were identified from red mature leaves, including 34.74% olefins, 6.14% esters, and 3.11% acids. Eighteen volatile components were identified from green young leaves, among which olefins (70.52%), alkanes (4.32%), and alcohol (0.89%) were the major components. Nineteen volatile components were identified from green mature leaves, among which the olefins, esters, and acids were the major components with the contents of 46.04%, 6.38%, and 1.37%, respectively. Results showed that the major volatile components of partridge tea were olefins, in which caryophyllene was the most abundant. The contents of volatile components between red leaves and green leaves had notable differences, which might be useful for germplasm identification of partridge tea.

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Hajdari, Avni, Behxhet Mustafa, Lirie Hyseni, et al. "Phytochemical Study of Eight Medicinal Plants of the Lamiaceae Family Traditionally Used as Tea in the Sharri Mountains Region of the Balkans." Scientific World Journal 2020 (February 19, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4182064.

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In the present study, eight plant species belonging to Lamiaceae family were identified as ingredients for herbal teas in the region of Sharri Mountains: Thymus serpyllum, Rosmarinus officinalis, Melissa officinalis, Origanum vulgare, Mentha longifolia, Ocimum basilicum, Teucrium chamaedrys, and Sideritis scardica, respectively. Chemical composition of essential oils obtained from these species was analyzed using GC-MS and GC-FID with the aim of examining their volatile compound profiles, responsible for their respective flavors and fragrance. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed with the aim of grouping plant species under study on the basis of their chemical composition. Experimental data revealed the typical volatile constituent pattern for the Lamiaceae family. Monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, responsible for flavor and medicinal use of these plants, were the most abundant groups of the volatile constituents. PCA data analysis resulted in the grouping of these analyzed species in four principal clusters.

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Castillo, Luis, Eleaneth Baltodano, Nils Ram�rez, Rolando Vargas, and Georgia Hanley. "Design of Experiments Assessment for the Determination of Moisture Content in Five Herbal Raw Materials Contained in Tea Products." Borneo Journal of Pharmacy 3, no. 1 (2020): 22–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33084/bjop.v3i1.1236.

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Research interest in natural raw materials is rapidly growing due to the high demand for natural products like herbal teas. Their quality control has a direct impact on safety and efficacy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of sample�s mass and temperature on moisture content in Camellia sinensis (Black tea), Cassia fistula (Senna), Chamaemelum nobile (Chamomille), Lippia alba (Juanilama) and Tilia platyphyllos (Linden) with a gravimetric method developed through a full factorial 32 DoE. A response optimizer was executed in order to establish the test conditions that allow obtaining a response according to a target value from a certified method. DoE�s ANOVA shows reproducibility for Camellia sinensis, Cassia fistula, and Lippia alba. Also, the method�s model is able to explain the response variability for all samples based on the R2 (adj). The composite desirability for the proposed conditions of analysis for the five herbal materials is satisfactory according to each target value. However, the lack of reproducibility in Chamaemelum nobile and Tilia platyphyllos and also, the response prediction problems according to the R2 (pred) for Cassia fistula and Chamaemelum nobile, suggest the execution of further studies for them. Therefore, the present method is considered to be adequate for the analysis of moisture content in Camellia sinensis and Lippia alba raw herbs.

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I. Kashchenko, Nina, та Daniil N. Olennikov. "Phenolome of Asian Agrimony Tea (Agrimonia asiatica Juz., Rosaceae): LC-MS Profile, α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Potential and Stability". Foods 9, № 10 (2020): 1348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9101348.

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Functional beverages constitute the rapidly increasing part of the functional food section and represent an area with a wide range of products including herbal-based beverages. We carried out screening investigations of the extracts of 85 Rosaceous tea plants. Among the extracts analyzed Agrimonia asiatica herb extract demonstrated the highest inhibitory activity against the enzyme α-glucosidase (20.29 µg/mL). As a result of chromato-mass-spectrometric profiling of A. asiatica herb with high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array and electrospray triple quadrupole mass-spectrometric detection (HPLC-PDA-ESI-tQ-MS) 60 compounds were identified, including catechins, ellagitannins, flavones, flavonols, gallotannins, hydroxycinnamates, procyanidins, most for the very first time. The analysis of the seasonal variation of metabolites in A. asiatica herb demonstrated that the phenolic content was highest in summer samples and lower in spring and autumn. HPLC activity-based profiling was utilized to identify compounds of A. asiatica herb with the maximal α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The most pronounced inhibition of α-glucosidase was observed for agrimoniin, while less significant results of inhibition were revealed for ellagic acid and isoquercitrin. The evaluation of phenolic content in A. asiatica herbal teas with the subsequent determination of α-glucosidase inhibiting potential was discovered. Maximum inhibition of α-glucosidase was observed for hot infusion (75.33 µg/mL) and the minimum for 30 min decoction (159.14 µg/mL). Our study demonstrated that A. asiatica herbal tea is a prospective functional beverage in which dietary intake may help to reduce blood glucose.

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Telichowska, Aleksandra, Joanna Kobus-Cisowska, Piotr Szulc, et al. "Comparative Analysis of Infusions with the Addition P. padus Bark: Assessment of the Antioxidant Potential and Their Inhibitory Effect on Enzymes Associated with Oxidative Stress." Sustainability 13, no. 7 (2021): 3913. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13073913.

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Prunus padus L., is not very popular plant, it is commonly found due to low soil requirements and easy to settle in various places. As for now, concerning food technology, there is no wide application for P. padus. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the possibility of using bird cherry bark as an ingredient in herbal functional teas. In the first step, the conditions for extraction of the bark were electrochemically optimized. It was proven that the highest content of polyphenols could be found in the sample consisting of chamomile, linden flower, and calendula (7939.8 ± 106.6 mg/100 g dm). In the beta-carotene bleaching test, the highest activity could be spotted for calendula tea (16.7 ± 1.1c%) and chamomile tea (15.0 ± 2.0c%) and concerning the test for linden flower tea without added bark (134.4 ± 15.1b μg ascorbic acid /mL). The property of the tested teas to inhibit cholinesterases was proven. What is more, P. padus bark infusion showed the highest activity of 15.8 ± 1.1d μg neostigmine/mL, for acetylcholinesterases (AChE) inhibition and 21.2 ± 1.0c μg neostigmine/mL for butyrylcholinesterases (BChE). The same tea also showed the highest activity to reduce ions of iron (Fe(III)): 25.3 ± 0.9c μg Trolox /mL and glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase inhibition, 87.0 ± 1.1e% and 64.9 ± 2.0d% respectively. The use of P. padus bark may be vital in the preventive care concerning modern-age diseases and allow for the production of a new range of products with distinctive sensory characteristics and functional properties and, at the same time, in combating the spread of P. padus in the farm and forest ecosystem.

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Moss, Mark, Robert Jones, Lucy Moss, Richard Cutter, and Keith Wesnes. "Acute consumption of Peppermint and Chamomile teas produce contrasting effects on cognition and mood in healthy young adults." Plant Science Today 3, no. 3 (2016): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.14719/pst.2016.3.3.246.

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This study aimed to assess the acute effects of Peppermint and Chamomile herbal teas on cognitive performance and mood in healthy young adults. A single factor independent groups design was employed. One hundred and eighty undergraduate students volunteered to take part in the study for which they received course credit. Participants were randomly allocated to one of three treatments: Peppermint tea, Chamomile tea or hot water (Control). Mood scales were completed and participants then consumed their drink over a ten minute period and rested for twenty minutes. Cognitive performance was assessed using a tailored version of The Cognitive Drug Research (CDR) computerised assessment system. Post testing mood scales were then completed. Data were analysed using independent groups ANOVAs followed by Tukey post hoc comparisons. The analysis revealed that Peppermint tea significantly improved long term memory and speed of memory compared to both Chamomile and control treatments. Chamomile tea significantly slowed speed of attention and impaired working memory compared to the Peppermint treatment. Peppermint tea significantly increased subjective alertness compared to the Chamomile and control conditions. Chamomile significantly increased subjective calmness compared to the Peppermint treatment. The data show that acute consumption of Peppermint and Chamomile teas can impact on cognition and mood in healthy adults in contrasting directions. The enhancing and arousing effects of Peppermint and calming/sedative effects of Chamomile observed are in keeping with the purported properties of these herbs and suggest beneficial effects can be drawn from their use.

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Ehoche, Elijah Edache, Parth Patel, Chijioke Madu, and Johnson Adejoh. "Formulation, Organoleptic Evaluation, and Acceptability of Various Teas from Underutilized Nutritious Herbs Compared with Marketed Chinese and Yellow Lipton Tea." Borneo Journal of Pharmacy 4, no. 1 (2021): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33084/bjop.v4i1.1817.

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Herbal teas are nutrient, antioxidant, and hydration rich brews made from herbs and spices and taken for various purposes. The objective of this study was to formulate tea from clove (Syzygium aromaticum), leaves of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), guava (Psidium guajava), and moringa (Moringa oleifera), as well as compared with Chinese and yellow Lipton Tea. The samples were analyzed for comparative sensory analysis using the 7 points hedonic scale. The sensory evaluation result demonstrated that the color of the clove tea sample (5.87) was most acceptable by participants, while the lemongrass tea (4.46) sample was least acceptable amongst all the tea samples. The clove remained the most accepted tea for aroma (6.07), taste (5.92), texture (5.76), general appearance (5.74), and general acceptability (5.93), in 7 points hedonic scale. However, all tea samples were had significant acceptable scores above average (p <0.05). Owing to the above results, these herbs can be successfully used to produce tea of relatively good quality to encourage local consumption of herbs and stay healthy.

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Walch, Stephan G., Dirk W. Lachenmeier, Thomas Kuballa, Wolf Stühlinger, and Yulia B. Monakhova. "Holistic control of Herbal Teas and Tinctures Based on sage (Salvia officinalis L.) for compounds with Beneficial and Adverse Effects using NMR Spectroscopy." Analytical Chemistry Insights 7 (January 2012): ACI.S8946. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/aci.s8946.

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A methodology that utilizes 1 H-NMR spectroscopy has been developed to simultaneously analyze toxic terpenes (thujone and camphor), major polyphenolic compounds, the total antioxidant capacity (ORAC) and the Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) index in foods and medicines containing sage. The quantitative determination of rosmarinic acid (limit of detection (LOD) = 10 mg/L) and total thujone (LOD = 0.35 mg/L) was possible using direct integration of the signals. For other parameters (derivatives of rosmarinic acid, carnosol and flavone glycosides, ORAC and FC index), chemometric regression models obtained separately for alcohol-based tinctures (R 2 = 0.94-0.98) and aqueous tea infusions (R 2 = 0.79-0.99) were suitable for screening analysis. The relative standard deviations for authentic samples were below 10%. The developed methodology was applied for the analysis of a wide variety of sage products (n = 108). The total thujone content in aqueous tea infusions was found to be in the range of not detectable (nd) to 37.5 mg/L (average 9.2 mg/L), while tinctures contained higher levels (range nd–-409 mg/L, average 107 mg/L). The camphor content varied from 2.1 to 43.7 mg/L in aqueous infusions and from not detectable to 748 mg/L in tinctures (averages were 14.1 and 206 mg/L, respectively). Phenolic compounds were also detected in the majority of the investigated products. 1 H-NMR spectroscopy was proven to have the ability to holistically control all important adverse and beneficial compounds in sage products in a single experiment, considerably saving time, resources and costs as NMR replaces four separate methodologies that were previously needed to analyze the same parameters.

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Asiminicesei, Dana-Mihaela, Ionela Catalina Vasilachi, and Maria Gavrilescu. "Heavy Metal Contamination of Medicinal Plants and Potential Implications on Human Health." Revista de Chimie 71, no. 7 (2020): 16–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.20.7.8222.

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This survey focuses on the problem of medicinal plants contamination due to environmental pollution produced by many different industrial activities and atmospheric deposition of some toxic compounds. This analysis is important since plants can easily absorb organic and inorganic compounds from all environmental compartments (water, soil, air), which can enter and be transferred in the trophic chain, up to humans. Medicinal plants are relevant for study in relation with their interactions with different contaminants, in particular those inorganic persistent as heavy metals, because they are used in entire world for their beneficial properties, and represent a significant part of traditional medicine. According to World Health Organization (WHO), 65-80% of world`s population depends on herbal products as the primary form of health care. Frequent use of medicinal plants to improve health, in the context of current pollution, requires special attention, since they can contain heavy metals in their structures, which can generate hazards and risks on human health throughout the subsequent consumption of contaminated medicinal plants as teas, other drinks, cosmetics.

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Shafiee, Maryam, Vida Mohammadi, Asma Kazemi, et al. "The effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa (sour tea) compared to other herbal teas and antihypertension drugs on cardiometabolic risk factors: Result from a systematic review and meta-analysis." Journal of Herbal Medicine 29 (October 2021): 100471. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100471.

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Song, Jungbin, Jiye Kim, Hyo Jin Park, and Hocheol Kim. "Anti-Obesity Effects of a Prunus persica and Nelumbo nucifera Mixture in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet." Nutrients 12, no. 11 (2020): 3392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12113392.

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Prunus persica and Nelumbo nucifera are major crops cultivated worldwide. In East Asia, both P. persica flowers and N. nucifera leaves are traditionally used for therapeutic purposes and consumed as teas for weight loss. Herein, we investigated the anti-obesity effects of an herbal extract mixture of P. persica and N. nucifera (HT077) and the underlying mechanism using a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity model. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a normal diet, HFD, HFD containing 0.02% orlistat (positive control), or HFD containing 0.1, 0.2, or 0.4% HT077 for 12 weeks. HT077 significantly reduced final body weights, weight gain, abdominal fat weights, liver weights, and hepatic levels of triglycerides and total cholesterol. HT077 also lowered glucose, cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and leptin levels and increased AST/ALT and adiponectin/leptin ratios and adiponectin levels. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that HT077 decreased the expression of lipogenic genes and increased the expression of fatty acid oxidation-related genes in adipose tissue. Our results indicate that HT077 exerts anti-obesity effects and prevents the development of obesity-related metabolic disorders. These beneficial effects might be partially attributed to ameliorating adipokine imbalances and regulating lipid synthesis and fatty acid oxidation in adipose tissue.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Herbal teas – Analysis'

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