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1
Nazaire, Mare. "From Thorne to APG IV: Reorganization of the Digital and Physical Collections of the Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Herbarium." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (July 4, 2018): e25768. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25768.
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Since the mid 1960’s, the combined herbaria of Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden [RSA] and Pomona College [POM] have followed the classification system of Taxonomist and Curator, Dr. Robert F. Thorne (1920-2015). Thorne, whose research interests were largely centered on floristics and plant geography, is best known for his synoptic work to develop a classification system to accommodate all flowering plants. Nevertheless, Thorne was a strong proponent of an alphabetical arrangement of herbaria, and organized the RSA-POM collection accordingly. The last time the RSA-POM Herbarium experienced a major shift in the arrangement of its collection was nearly 20 years ago. Since that time, many outdated families that are no longer recognized – of which Thorne had recognized in his system of classification – have remained in the collection. Over the last two years, the RSA-POM Herbarium has been actively reorganizing both its digital and physical collections to follow the vascular plant families of the newest classification system, the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG IV). Reorganization began with a complete overhaul of the herbarium’s database followed by curation of the physical collection. This presentation highlights the efforts in curating the digital and physical collections of the RSA-POM Herbarium, perspectives on collection reorganization, as well as challenges and limitations.
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Mamchur, T. V. "ІСТОРИЧНА ГЕРБАРНА КОЛЕКЦІЯ В. М. ЧЕРНЯЄВА В ГЕРБАРІЇ УМАНСЬКОГО НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ САДІВНИЦТВА (UM)." Scientific Issue Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: Biology 82, no. 3 (November 23, 2022): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.25128/2078-2357.22.3.1.
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The article describes the contribution of the famous Ukrainian scientist Vasyl Matviyovych Chernyaev to the science of botany and the development of herbarium. Biographical data are given.
Among the funds of Herbarium (UM) of the students of Uman School of Agriculture and Horticulture (the successor is Uman National University of Horticulture) is a valuable historical collection of exicates Herbarium Florae Rossicae (1897–1907). It was established that the collection of exicates includes 1920 herbarium specimens (h. s.), the students of the school were included in the serial issues and they presented the flora of Uman region (Kyiv prov.). There is also a collection of excerpts the famous German florist, collector lichenologist, mycologist and bryologist L. G. Rabenhosta (181 h. s., dated 1801, 1803) and V. M. Chernyaev (29 h. s., 1860, 1864). The processed collections of dendroflora from V. M Chernyaev are represented by ten families of the Angiosperms division: Anacardiaceae, Betulaceae, Cornaceae, Fagaceae, Moraceae, Rhamnaceae, Rosaceae, Salicaceae, Sapindaceae. Among them are species Morus alba L., Quercus robur L., Rhamnus cathartica L., which belong to plants with medicinal properties (Hb. medic. Hipp. Cerniaew).
According to the archival materials of the University Museum and rare old prints of the library, it has been established that the preserved historical collection was а part of "The Main Herbarium of Uman School of Agriculture and Horticulture" and served as material in training of gardeners to study Botany and Ornamental Gardening.
The historical milestones of the scientific life of the famous scientist, who created botanical courses during the period of his work, was the head of the botanical garden of Kharkiv University and improved the herbarium, were studied. His herbarium collections, which is now stored in herbarium institutions (CWU, KW, MSUD), were purchased to the educational institutions or, probably, they were a gift from a naturalist.
In the herbarium collections of V. M. Chernyaev, according to the processed labels, the place of plant growth is not indicated, but only the years, taxa and the name of the collector. Therefore, it should be assumed that the collection is focused on study of the flora of Kharkiv region (1860, 1864) during the period of retirement.
The taxonomic affiliation of herbarium collections is arranged in alphabetical order of taxa and checked according to the modern botanical nomenclature "World Flora Online", as some names are synonymous or absent, and currently have no official recognition. The primary database was created, the inventory number was assigned, the sheets were certified with a stamp with the title (Scientific Herbarium of Uman National University of Horticulture (UM), registered in 2016 in the international database Index Herbariorum (New York).
Therefore, the scientific herbarium of Uman National University of Horticulture (UM) with its historical collections deserves the attention and can rightfully take a place among the leading herbariums of Ukraine.
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Thiers, Barbara, Roslyn Rivas, and Elizabeth Kiernan. "Using Data From Index Herbariorum to Assess Threats to the World’s Herbaria." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 15, 2018): e26440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.26440.
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During the past few years, natural disasters, political or social unrest and institutional actions have imperiled herbaria. The question has been raised multiple times whether or not the data gathered about herbaria in Index Herbariorum could be used to predict which herbaria are at the greatest risk. Armed with such knowledge curators and the greater collections community might be in a better position to safeguard those herbaria. To explore the feasibility of using Index Herbariorum data in this way, we have identified a set of specific threats and then scored herbaria according to their susceptibility to those threats. These threats fall into two categories: Physical and Administrative. Physical threats are those that could lead to loss of collections through outright destruction due to catastrophic events (e.g., earthquake, flood) or loss of the protective controls (e.g., air conditioning, building security) that ensure a safe collections environment. Determination of these threats is based on location. Administrative threats involve decisions made by the governing body to remove staff support, appropriate space or climate control measures for the collection. Physical threats were determined using GIS to plot the location of all herbaria, and then overlaying these with map layers indicating current earthquakes, floods, cyclones and landslides and potential future threats (sea level rise and civil unrest). We deduced Administrative threats from Index Herbariorum data elements. These include the status of the herbarium (active or inactive), whether or not the Index Herbariorum entry for an institution has been updated in the past 10 years, whether or not the herbarium has a designated curator, the ratio of staff to specimens, and whether or not the collection has been digitized. Each threat was assessed as absent or present, and assigned a value of 0 or 1 accordingly. Using this method, less than 4% face no identified threats; 65% face one to three threats and 35% face five or more threats. The criteria used in this study cannot alone predict the future security of a collection, or the lack thereof. The reasons for the loss of a collection are usually more complicated than Index Herbariorum data can convey. However, the large proportion of herbaria that face multiple threats suggests that all herbaria should be aware of the risk factors for their collection, perhaps conducting a self-evaluation using the criteria presented here or others, and where possible should incorporate responses to those threats into their strategic and disaster preparedness plans.
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Tupčiauskaitė, Jūratė, and Toma Žemgulytė. "Preliminary Data on Distribution and Identification of Diphasiastrum × Zeilleri (Rouy) Holub in Lithuania." Botanica Lithuanica 18, no. 2 (December 1, 2012): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10279-012-0016-4.
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Abstract Tupčiauskaitė J., Žemgulytė T., 2012: Preliminary data on distribution and identification of Diphasiastrum × zeilleri (Rouy) Holub in Lithuania [Pirminiai duomenys apie Diphasiastrum × zeilleri (Rouy) Holub paplitimą ir identifikavimą Lietuvoje]. - Bot. Lith., 18(2): 147-153. The paper presents preliminary data on distribution of Diphasiastrum × zeilleri in Lithuania based on the collections of Vilnius University Herbarium (WI) and the data of Polish herbaria. According to these data, 25 localities of Diphasiastrum × zeilleri were revealed. The description of Diphasiastrum × zeilleri, the list of its specimens from WI collections, the pictures of typical embranchment of these species and the dorsal and ventral sides of branches from the Herbarium collections, the identification key of Diphasiastrum complanatum, D. tristachyum, D. × zeiller were analysed. WI Diphasiastrum genus collection includes: D. complanatum (46 branches, 19 herbarium sheets), D. × zeilleri (33 branches, 17 herbarium sheets) and D. tristachyum (21 branches, 7 herbarium sheets), specimens.
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Rešetnik, Ivana, Iva Betević Dadić, and Marina Babić. "The genus Aurinia Desv. (Brassicaceae) in ZA and ZAHO herbaria." Glasnik Hrvatskog botaničkog društva 8, no. 1 (October 20, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.46232/glashbod.8.1.1.
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This paper presents the collection of the genus Aurinia Desv. species in ZA and ZAHO herbaria. The revision and the analyses of the material are presented. Herbarium specimens from these two herbaria were digitized and the data from the original herbarium labels were inserted in the Flora Croatica Database. A total of 203 herbarium sheets were digitized and nine taxa (A. corymbosa Griesb., A. leucadea (Guss.) K. Koch ssp. leucadea, A. leucadea (Guss.) K. Koch ssp. media (Host) Plazibat, A. petraea (Ard.) Schur, A. petraea (Ard.) Schur ssp. microcarpa (Vis.) Plazibat, A. saxatilis (L.) Desv., A. saxatilis (L.) Desv. ssp. orientalis (Ard.) T. R. Dudley, A. saxatilis (L.) Desv. ssp. saxatilis, A. sinuata (L.) Griseb.) were registered within studied collections. The specimens originate from 16 European countries and the majority of herbarium sheets were collected in Croatia. The majority of specimens were collected between 1900s and 1950s. The comparison between the recorded distribution data in the Flora Croatica Database and the distribution based on herbarium specimens is made and the herbarium specimens generally well represent the distribution range of studied taxa.
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Bromberg, Leora. "Best Practices for the Conservation and Preservation of Herbaria." IJournal: Graduate Student Journal of the Faculty of Information 6, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/ijournal.v6i1.35263.
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This paper offers an in-depth report on the best practices for the conservation and preservation of herbaria within library and museum collections. A herbarium (singular) is a collection of dried and pressed plant specimens, typically mounted onto paper and accompanied by a certain degree of recorded information. These organic specimens tend to be housed in museums or special collections libraries, where their handling can be carefully monitored and/or restricted. Each herbarium is typically one-of-a-kind and may serve as a vital primary source on human exploration, taxonomy, natural history and even amateur collection practices. A closer look at the best practices for their conservation and preservation spotlights the herbarium as a fragile, valuable and perhaps an unexpected or unusual form of “recorded information” that librarians, archivists and museum professionals may encounter or even have some responsibility over at some point in their careers.
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Knight, Karina, Frank Hemmings, Peter Jobson, and Jeremy Bruhl. "Size Doesn’t Matter: Fundamental Requirements in Relocating a Herbarium." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 13, 2018): e25991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25991.
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Relocating a natural history collection is a daunting prospect. Underpinning successful relocation is getting the fundamentals right. From the moment the seed of an idea for a new facility is planted, a raft of detailed planning and preparation issues emerge. Meticulous planning and management is essential, from initial design through to the last specimen being housed in its new location. Herbaria are complex organisms each with a core collection of specimen sheets and associated infrastructure to house them; ancillary collections such as ‘spirit’ and ‘DNA’, a library, databasing, mounting, materials, imaging, loans and exchange, facilities for environmental control, biosecurity, space for staff, volunteers, research students, and class or public access and outreach. All these elements require careful consideration for relocation regardless of the size of the collection. Timelines for relocations from initial decisions to commencement of the move vary widely. Early involvement of core herbarium staff is critical to managing risks to the integrity of the collection during a move. Success of the operation can be gauged immediately after the move and again, much later, based on feedback on the operation of the facility and whether planned expansion will meet future needs. All these considerations are important and essentially the same, irrespective of distance of relocation or size of the collection. We will discuss the fundamental issues of herbarium relocation based on two recent case studies.The Western Australian Herbarium moved from its 1970s home to a modern, purpose-built, best practice facility incorporating innovative design features in 2011 with c. 800,000 specimens. The John T. Waterhouse Herbarium at UNSW Sydney (The University of New South Wales) moved c. 66,000 specimens in October 2017 from within a 1962 departmental building, to a modern, purpose-built facility, incorporating significant improvements, as part of a much larger relocation of its School. We will provide a guide to assist future relocations, both imminent (such as the N.C.W. Beadle Herbarium at the University of New England (>100,000 specmens), and the National Herbarium of New South Wales, >1,400,000 specimens) and for those yet to be considered. This will be a presentation on behalf of the Managers of Australasian Herbarium Collections (MAHC), a network of herbarium Collection Managers in Australia and New Zealand.
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Rat, Milica, and Goran Anackov. "Herbarium BUNS: Plant gall collection." Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke, no. 122 (2012): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmspn1222063r.
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The plant gall collection is part of the Herbarium BUNS collection, University of Novi Sad. Collection began with the formation in 1976, and as a unique type of collection in Serbia, it has existed for 35 years. Today?s collection Herbarium cecidologicum is made of two units - Plant gall collection (dried specimens) and database, and includes 438 data: 294 data for dried specimens and 144 collected literature data about the distribution plant galls. Galls collection has multiple significances: assessment biodiversity (diversity of plants and diversity of causers), estimate the population status of certain causers taxa, primarily invertebrates, monitoring the spread of pests, which usually occurs in population of the cultivated species. Collecting data in one database, providing data on new plant gall species and distribution on both challengers as well as host plants is one of the main tasks of this collection.
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Yaman, Aris, Yulia Aris Kartika, Ariani Indrawati, Zaenal Akbar, Lindung Parningotan Malik, Wita Wardani, Tutie Djarwaningsih, Taufik Mahendra, and Dadan Ridwan Saleh. "Non-Gaussian Analysis of Herbarium Specimen Damage to Optimize Specimen Collection Management." Knowledge Engineering and Data Science 5, no. 1 (November 7, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um018v5i12022p1-16.
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Damage to specimen collections occurs in practically every herbarium across the world. Hence, some precautions must be taken, such as investigating the factors that cause specimen damage in their collections and evaluating their herbarium collection handling and usage policy. However, manual investigation of the causes of herbarium collection damage requires a lot of effort and time. Only a few studies have attempted to investigate the causes of herbarium collection damage. So far, the non-gaussian approach to detecting the causes of damage to herbarium specimens has not been studied before. This study attempted to explore the effect of species type, time, location, storage, and remounting status on the level of damage to herbarium specimens, especially those in the genus Excoecaria. Gaussian modeling is not good enough to model the counted data phenomenon (the amount of damage to herbarium specimens). Negative binomial regression (NBR) provides a better model when compared to generalized Poisson regression and ordinary Gaussian regression approaches. NBR detects non-uniformity in the storage process, causing damage to herbarium specimens. Natural damage to herbarium specimens is caused by differences in species and the origin of specimens.
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Vieira, Cristiana Vieira, and Sofia Viegas. "OS HERBÁRIOS COMO RECURSOS EDUCATIVOS DINÂMICOS E INTERDISCIPLINARES." História da Ciência e Ensino: construindo interfaces 20 (December 29, 2019): 638–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.23925/2178-2911.2019v20espp638-656.
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ResumoOs herbários são coleções biológicas que incluem o material de referência para todos os que precisem de identificar ou preservar plantas, fungos ou algas. Estas coleções foram usadas inicialmente pelos professores/médicos/herbalistas no século XVI e mais tarde, nas primeiras viagens de exploração científica, tornaram-se uma ferramenta essencial para todos os coletores e botânicos. A contextualização dos herbários do ponto de vista da história das ciências pode ampliar os usos de um herbário e reforçar a sua versatilidade. Desta perspetiva, os herbários transcendem a sua função de repositório, refletindo contextos para além dos da esfera científica, espelhando as políticas de desenvolvimento governamental, educacional e económico de um país. O Herbário do Museu de História Natural e da Ciência da Universidade do Porto é uma coleção reconhecida mundialmente como o Herbário da Universidade do Porto (PO) e é uma coleção de referência da flora Portuguesa, contendo coleções históricas, privadas e académicas constituídas desde o século XIX. Tomando como ponto de partida o herbário (coleção botânica desidratada entre papel) e o Herbário da Universidade do Porto (como instituição responsável da organização e conservação de vários tipos de coleções botânicas), este trabalho mostra como os herbários e os Herbários são veículos para a compreensão de assuntos de várias esferas e materializam a sua interconexão, promovendo uma aprendizagem de carácter global, fomentando a sua consciência histórica e cívica. Palavras-chave: Coleções históricas; Herbários: Estudos Interdisciplinares. Abstract Herbaria are biological collections that include reference material for anyone who needs to identify or preserve plants, fungi or algae. These collections were used by the first professors/doctors/herbalists in the 16th century, and later, on the first voyages of scientific exploration becoming an essential tool for all collectors and botanists. The contextualization of herbaria from the point of view of the history of science can broaden the uses of a herbarium and reinforce its versatility. From this perspective, herbaria transcend their repository function, reflecting contexts beyond those of the scientific sphere, mirroring a country's government, educational and economic development policies. The Herbarium of the Museum of Natural History and Science of the University of Porto is a collection recognized worldwide as the Herbarium of the University of Porto (PO) and is a reference collection of Portuguese flora, containing historical, private and academic collections since the 19th century. Taking as its starting point the herbarium (dehydrated botanical collection between paper) and the Herbarium of the University of Porto (as the institution responsible for the organization and conservation of various types of biological collections), this paper shows how herbaria and Herbaria are vehicles for the understanding of subjects from various spheres and materialize their interconnectedness, promoting a global learning, fostering their historical and civic awareness. Keywords: Historical collections; Herbaria; Interdisciplinary studies.
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Adu-Gyamfi, Anthony, and Nick Hodgetts. "Bryophytes of Ghana." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 15, 2018): e25879. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25879.
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There is currently limited information on plant biodiversity from Ghana. Most of the information openly available has been published by the Ghana Herbarium at the Department of Plant and Environmental Biology, University of Ghana. The Ghana Herbarium has over 100,000 specimens from Ghana and other West African countries. Of these approximately 85% of the specimen labels have been digitized. The database contains information including species names, taxonomic family, barcode number, name of collector(s), locality data, date of collection, description of species and uses of the plants. Data were captured using Botanical Research and Herbarium Management Software (BRAHMS) software and is openly available on Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) (http://www.gbif.org/country/GH/publishing). Less than 1% of the herbarium collection contains bryophyte information of Ghana. Even though bryophytes are an often overlooked flora, Ghana has a high diversity of bryophytes. Indeed Ghana has an enormous biomass of bryophytes, particularly in the humid forest areas, that is bound to contribute significantly to the water-retentive capacity of the Ghanaian forest, absorbing water quickly and releasing it slowly. It is clear that the bryophytes are an important part of the ecosystem generally, helping to stabilize the hillsides and acting as a source of water. As very little is known about Ghana's bryophyte flora, a short expedition was undertaken in the Atewa Forest in 2014. A total of 164 species were added to the herbarium collection, including about 58 new to Ghana and at least one new species (Cololejeunea sp. yet to be described). The Ghana Herbarium recognises the growing need for digitization across its collections. Data from bryophytes specimens in the Ghana Herbarium and other Ghanaian herbaria as well as other data types on Ghanaian bryophytes will need to be captured using appropriate workflows, technologies and comply with Darwin Core standards. There is also paucity of observational and bryophyte abundance data. This presentation will review the current status of biodiversity information on bryophytes from Ghana and biodiversity informatics activities at Ghana Herbarium. It will also explore ways forward for digitization which incudes capturing the information on the already existing bryophyte specimens in the Ghana Herbarium and the newly added collections using BRAHMS software.
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Gavioli, Laura, Neus Ibáñez, and Ignasi Soriano. "Type specimens preserved in the Trèmols and Costa herbaria (BC)." Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 73, no. 2 (December 9, 2016): 041. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.2410.
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The Trèmols herbarium, preserved at the Botanical Institute of Barcelona, is one of the oldest herbaria in Catalonia, largely made up of European plants collected in 19th century. The digitization of this historical collection, currently in progress, has made possible to locate nomenclatural types of various authors, acquired through exchange. In this article, we indicate two syntypes (for Fumaria caespitosa Loscos and Carex loscosii Lange), and one isolectotype (Polygala vayredae Costa) in Trèmols herbarium. Additionally, we designate the lectotype of Polygala vayredae in the Costa herbarium and its isolectotype in the Vayreda herbarium.
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Radji, Raoufou, Kossi Adjonou, Quashie Marie-Luce Akossiwoa, Komlan Edjèdu Sodjinou, Francisco Pando, and Kouami Kokou. "Togo National Herbarium database." PhytoKeys 109 (September 13, 2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.109.25385.
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This article describes the herbarium database of the University of Lomé. The database provides a good representation of the current knowledge of the flora of Togo. The herbarium of University of Lomé, known also as Herbarium togoense is the national herbarium and is registered in Index Herbariorum with the abbreviation TOGO. It contains 15,000 specimens of vascular plants coming mostly from all Togo's ecofloristic regions. Less than one percent of the specimens are from neighbouring countries such as Ghana, Benin and Burkina Faso. Collecting site details are specified in more that 97% of the sheet labels, but only about 50% contain geographic coordinates. Besides being a research resource, the herbarium constitutes an educational collection. The dataset described in this paper is registered with GBIF and accessible at https://www.gbif.org/dataset/b05dd467-aaf8-4c67-843c-27f049057b78. It was developed with the RIHA software (Réseau Informatique des Herbiers d'Afrique). The RIHA system (Chevillotte and Florence 2006, Radji et al. 2009) allows the capture of label data and associated information such as synonyms, vernacular names, taxonomic hierarchy and references.
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Rehman, Tiana, Jason Best, Peter Fritsch, Alyssa Young, Miranda Madrid, and Ashley Bordelon. "Rescue of a Large Orphaned Herbarium Collection: Addressing the Security, Accessibility, and Repatriation of the NLU Herbarium." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 13, 2018): e26312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.26312.
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In March of 2018, the University of Louisiana at Monroe (ULM) chose to divest itself of the botanical, ichthyological, and herpetological collections that were part of the ULM Museum of Natural History. The Botanical Research Institute of Texas (BRIT) was selected as the recipient of the herbarium specimens (herbarium acronym: NLU), consisting of approximately 472,000 herbarium sheets stored in 330 herbarium cabinets. Three categories of effort were identified for the process of acquiring and then accessioning the NLU herbarium: security, accessibility, and repatriation. Securing the collection involves the transfer of ownership and the physical move of the collection to the BRIT facility while applying Integrated Pest Management protocols to prevent further damage or the introduction of pests into the BRIT herbarium. Enabling access to the collection involves the organization of the cabinets, the specimens within them, and generating all necessary finding aides. Repatriation involves the deaccession of approximately 60,000 specimens of value for the state of Louisiana to be gifted to the Shirley C. Tucker Herbarium at Louisiana State University. We share here the details of our rescue procedures as a reference to the greater collections community.
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Kozlov, Mikhail V., Irina V. Sokolova, Vitali Zverev, and Elena L. Zvereva. "Changes in plant collection practices from the 16th to 21st centuries: implications for the use of herbarium specimens in global change research." Annals of Botany 127, no. 7 (February 9, 2021): 865–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcab016.
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Abstract Background and Aims Herbaria were recently advertised as reliable sources of information regarding historical changes in plant traits and biotic interactions. To justify the use of herbaria in global change research, we asked whether the characteristics of herbarium specimens have changed during the past centuries and whether these changes were due to shifts in plant collection practices. Methods We measured nine characteristics from 515 herbarium specimens of common European trees and large shrubs collected from 1558 to 2016. We asked botanists to rank these specimens by their scientific quality, and asked artists to rank these specimens by their beauty. Key Results Eight of 11 assessed characteristics of herbarium specimens changed significantly during the study period. The average number of leaves in plant specimens increased 3-fold, whereas the quality of specimen preparation decreased. Leaf size negatively correlated with leaf number in specimens in both among-species and within-species analyses. The proportion of herbarium sheets containing plant reproductive structures peaked in the 1850s. The scientific value of herbarium specimens increased until the 1700s, but then did not change, whereas their aesthetic value showed no systematic trends. Conclusions Our findings strongly support the hypothesis that many characteristics of herbarium specimens have changed systematically and substantially from the 16th to 21st centuries due to changes in plant collection and preservation practices. These changes may both create patterns which could be erroneously attributed to environmental changes and obscure historical trends in plant traits. The utmost care ought to be taken to guard against the possibility of misinterpretation of data obtained from herbarium specimens. We recommend that directional changes in characters of herbarium specimens which occurred during the past 150‒200 years, primarily in specimen size and in the presence of reproductive structures, are accounted for when searching for the effects of past environmental changes on plant traits.
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Klazenga, Niels. "The Australasian Virtual Herbarium (AVH) and the Changing Role of Herbaria." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 15, 2018): e25866. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25866.
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Australia’s Virtual Herbarium (AVH) was created in 2001 and developed between 2001 and 2006 with the databasing of the label data of specimens from the Australian Commonwealth, state and territory herbaria. The success of AVH ultimately led to funding for the Atlas of Living Australia (ALA) and in October 2012 AVH was re-launched as part of the ALA infrastructure (http://avh.chah.org.au). Since 2012, some university herbaria have also joined AVH and in June 2017 the New Zealand Virtual Herbarium (NZVH) was integrated, giving rise to the Australasian Virtual Herbarium. The AVH currently holds almost 6.3 million records from 23 Australian and New Zealand herbaria and comprises over 80 per cent of the vouchered occurrence records of Australian plants, algae and fungi in ALA. While no longer at the forefront of the digitisation wave, having been around for so long, AVH can provide valuable insights into how and to what extent herbarium data is used and into the benefits of digitisation for herbaria and natural history collections. Six years of download statistics shows an ever-increasing use of AVH data and a widening of the user base. A far greater proportion of downloaded records is ostensibly used for new uses like ecological research and conservation, than for the traditional uses of herbarium specimen data, systematics and collections management. The last few years have also seen an increase in the use of AVH data in education. Over the years many research articles based on AVH data have been written, mostly at the interface between ecology and systematics, i.e. biogeography and conservation science. With the increase of the types of uses for herbarium data, it becomes important, also for the herbaria themselves, to consider the fitness for purpose of AVH data for uses other than the purpose for which it was collected. It has become apparent that the uncertainty of the latitudes and longitude provided with herbarium specimens is often too great for use in ecological research or conservation and there is a bias in collection density at the bioregion level, which is likely to be more severe at smaller spatial scales. Also, while the demand for vouchered occurrence records is increasing, we have seen a steady decrease in the intake of new specimens by Australian herbaria since the 1980s. This presentation will cover how Australian herbaria use AVH, how other users use AVH and what being part of AVH has meant to Australian herbaria.
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Aleksandrowicz, Oleg, Zbigniew Sobisz, Mariola Truchan, and Konrad Wiśniewski. "Przyrodnicze kolekcje naukowe Akademii Pomorskiej w Słupsku." Kosmos 70, no. 2 (September 12, 2021): 167–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.36921/kos.2021_2790.
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Pomeranian University in Słupsk hosts two significant natural history collections, i.e. the Herbarium Slupensis (SLTC) botanical collection and the zoological collection, which contains mainly the arthropods. In the Herbarium both the historical and contemporary material is stored, including fungi, lichens, bryophytes and vascular plants that were collected mainly in the Polish Pomerania. The zoological collection contains predominantly the specimens of beetles and spiders, originating from Belarus and Poland (from Pomerania, but also from Masuria and Lower Silesia). In the two collections there are representatives of very valuable species. Both the Herbarium and the zoological collection are presently being digitised, supplemented with new specimens and developed. They present a significant contribution to knowledge on diversity of fauna and flora in the region and in Poland.
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Hemmings, Kelly. "Ancient woodland indicator species: can old herbarium specimens supplement recent records to inform ecological management?" Webbia 77, no. 2 (December 15, 2022): 327–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/jopt-13400.
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Old herbarium specimens have become increasingly well-recognised as a rich source of ecological baseline data. For long-continuity plant communities, such as ancient woodland, these records may be particularly important for present day ecological management. To evaluate this potential, searches for pre-1950 Ancient Woodland Indicator (AWI) herbarium specimens collected in East Gloucestershire, UK, were conducted using digital open access sources and the physical Royal Agricultural University herbarium. In total 305 specimens were retrieved from twelve herbaria, with small regional collections being particularly important sources. The earliest specimen dated to 1834. There was a significant association between old specimen availability and year of collection, due to a peak in the late-1800s and early-1900s. Over half of the AWI species for the region were represented, although some taxonomic bias was evident. To determine if old AWI specimens contributed any new location records, 246 unique specimens with detailed georeferences were mapped and compared to the locations of 1950-1999 and 2000-2021 biological records. One third of the pre-1950 specimens had not been recorded in the same locality since collection of the old specimen, indicating either a gap in recent records or floristic change. However, length of time since specimen collection was not a predictor of a 1950-2000 or 2000-2021 record in the same locality. Overall, it is highly recommended that policy-makers, land managers, and field surveyors consult old AWI herbarium records for ancient woodland identification, management, and restoration.
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Ovstebo, Gunnar. "Propagation of Dry Habitat Fern Species Using Spore Collections from Historic Herbarium Specimens." Sibbaldia: the International Journal of Botanic Garden Horticulture, no. 9 (October 31, 2011): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24823/sibbaldia.2011.121.
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Spores sourced from historic herbarium specimens have been used to introduce wild-collected material to the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (RBGE) living plant collection. The ability of dry habitat ferns to maintain spore viability for prolonged periods makes it possible to grow plants from the historically important RBGE herbarium collections. The factors that affect the ability of spores to germinate from herbarium collections are described. Three fern species from the Pteridaceae – Actiniopteris semiflabellata, Anogramma leptophylla and Aleuritopteris scioana – which were not previously in cultivation at RBGE were germinated from herbarium material of different ages. Germination was observed from all three species. Plants produced in this experiment were accessed into the RBGE living plant collection for future horticultural research and germination trials.
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Collins, Bronwyn, Frank Zich, Jo Palmer, Gill Brown, Karina Knight, Ines Schönberger, Shelley James, and Emma Toms. "Containing the Spirits: Lessons learned from the Management of Australasian Herbarium Wet Collections." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 13, 2018): e26200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.26200.
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Several herbaria in Australia and New Zealand have recently been required to implement changes to the way in which spirit (alcohol or wet) specimens are managed in their institutions in order to deal with various curatorial and staff health and safety challenges. We will present an overview of some of the key lessons learned from addressing issues such as mould, FAA (formalin-acetic acid and alcohol solution), inadequate housing and storage of our spirit specimens whilst also ensuring that best-practice curation standards are implemented along with appropriate work health and safety practices to protect staff. For example, the National Herbarium of New South Wales spirit collection was stored until 2017 in metal filing cabinets and open wooden shelving. Due to unstable air-conditioning resulting in high humidity and condensation, mould had formed on all of the bottles and on all wooden surfaces. The external surface of each bottle was cleaned with prior to removal from the dedicated spirit collection room, the wooden shelving was replaced with open metal shelving, and room cleaned and resealed prior to return of the collection. Monitoring of the environment and condition of the collection continues, and future actions include replacing the specimen vials, many of which have failing lids. The Western Australian Herbarium recently renovated its spirit storage area from specimens stored in boxes on fixed open shelving to individual bottles filed in metal drawers. Health and safety concerns for staff handling heavy boxes, often up ladders, combined with the inflexible and inefficient use of space on fixed shelving are now solved. Plenty of space is available for specimen expansion, and the ease of access to each specimen makes the collection simple to maintain. The next step for the collection is to protect it better by implementing climate control. FAA was used as a fixative and preservative for plant fruit, flowers and other parts pre-1992 at the Australian National Herbarium in Canberra and the Australian Tropical Herbarium in Cairns. In response to changes in the Hazardous Substance classification for Formaldehyde a program was developed that focused on worker safety during replacement of the solution in approximately 15,000 bottles by minimising exposure and managing the manual handling risks of the work, whilst also ensuring best-practice curatorial outcomes for the specimens. This is a presentation on behalf of the Managers of Australasian Herbarium Collections (MAHC), a network of herbarium Collection Managers in Australia and New Zealand.
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Bartók, Katalin, and Attila Takács. "The Nyárády Erazmus Gyula’s Herbarium in the Debrecen University’s Plant Collection." Acta Biologica Marisiensis 1, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/abmj-2018-0008.
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Abstract After the publication of the book entitled “Recollection of Gyula E. Nyárády” (2016), the interest of his inheritance increased significantly. His left behind herbarium was estimated to have 55,000 sheets (1988), while till 2016 its number increased up to 85,000. The herbarial investigations are taking place over the Romania’s borders too, such as in the plant collection of the Debrecen University. With this occasion, we have studied the part collections of Rezső Soó (40,000 specimens), the Zoltán Siroki’s (20,000 specimens), together with the kryptogame (3,000 bryophytes) ones. In the Debrecen University plant collection we found 166 plant species collected and determined by E. Gy. Nyárády, among them 154 are superior plant and 12 are moss. In the Soó collection 112 plants arose from E. Gy. Nyárády, 69% of them are from Slovakia, 29% from Romania and 1% from Poland. The Slovakian collections took place in the 1905-1916 period, the most of them (34 species) are from 1910, being collected in Késmárk and Tatra’s region, where E. Gy. Nyárády was secondary school teacher. The Romanian collections took place in the 1905-1942 period, the 33 species mainly arise from the high mountains (especially Rodna Mountains), as well as from the Transylvanian Plain. We have found three endemic species among them: Festuca carpathica Dietr., Koeleria transsilvanica Schur (syn. Koeleria macracantha ssp. transsilvanica (Schur) A. Nyár., and Thymus pulcherrimus Schur. In the Siroki collection there are 42 plant sheets, originated from Slovakia, from 1908-1913 period. The four Romanian plants came from the Rodna Mountains. The Kryptogam Herbarium contains 12 Romanian moss species, collected between 1925 and 1929, most of them being from Székelyudvarhely (Odorheiu Secuiesc). The genus Carex occurs most frequently in the Nyárády-collection, due to his increased interest to sedges, forming 39% of the studied species. In accordance with the labels, in his collecting trips he was occasionally accompanied by Béla Husz (1911, Szepes) and Ádám Boros (1929, Korond).
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LIŠKA, Jiří. "The significance of Körber's “Typenherbar”, with an explanation of the locality abbreviations on his labels." Lichenologist 45, no. 1 (January 2013): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282912000552.
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AbstractThe article explains the current structure of Körber's herbarium, located in the Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden (L). Originally, Körber's herbarium was composed of two separate collections. One part, Koerber Typenherbar, represents well-developed samples of each species, but they are in fact often fragments of specimens from the main collection (Koerber Stammherbar). Several examples are presented which demonstrate the relationship between both parts of the collection, various origins of specimens in the Koerber Typenherbar and their importance for lectotypification. Some specimens in Körber's herbarium were labelled only with an abbreviation or a symbol instead of a locality. All abbreviations/symbols with their explanations, kept in the Leiden herbarium archive, are listed here with information on the current names of the sampling localities in Poland and the Czech Republic.
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Pengelly, BC, and DA Eagles. "Geographical distribution and diversity in a collection of the tropical legume Macroptilium gracile (Poeppiga ex Bentham) Urban." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 46, no. 3 (1995): 569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9950569.
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A collection of 53 accessions of the American legume Macroptilium gracile was grown and classified using 23 attributes. Ten groups from this extremely diverse collection were defined on the basis of the presence of amphicarpy (the ability to set both aerial and subterranean seed) and a small set of morphological and phenological attributes. The resultant classification has provided a framework for the selection of representative accessions from the collection for evaluation studies. Comparisons of provenance data from this collection and those of herbarium material from major North American herbaria highlighted both the lack of germplasm from the Caribbean region and poor representation of herbarium material from south of the Amazon basin. The variation in the collection supported the combination of M. longepedunculatum and M. gracile, but the morphological and geographic diversity suggests that the current taxonomic treatment should be revised.
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Коваленко, С. Г., Т. В. Васильєва, О. Ю. Бондаренко, and В. В. Немерцалов. "COLLECTIONS OF PROMINENT BOTANISTS IN E. E. LINDEMANN’ HERBARIUM COLLECTION (MSUD)." Odesa National University Herald. Biology 20, no. 1(36) (December 28, 2016): 205–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2077-1746.2015.1(36).88167.
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Braidwood, D. W., V. Morales, and M. F. Gardner. "WERDERMANN’S ‘PLANTAE CHILENSES’ AT THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN EDINBURGH." Edinburgh Journal of Botany 71, no. 3 (November 2014): 385–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960428614000195.
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The Erich Werdermann collection ‘Plantae Chilenses’ held at the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh constitutes an important set of herbarium specimens from the Chilean flora, and represents over 10% of preserved specimens from Chile in the herbarium. Duplicate sets of specimens were distributed from the Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem to a further 15 major international herbaria. Here we provide a description of this collection, highlighting aspects of Werdermann’s journey in Chile. Included are his itinerary and maps showing where the specimens were collected. An important aspect of the paper is to clarify ambiguities concerning label data in order to provide more accurate detail for researchers using Werdermann’s specimens.
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Brown, Gill, Peter Jobson, Josephine Milne, and Ines Schönberger. "ALERT Lessons From A Biosecurity Disaster." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 15, 2018): e25941. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25941.
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The Managers of Australasian Herbarium Collections (MAHC) have been working with the Plant Import Operations Branch of the Australian government Department of Agriculture and Water Resources (DAWR) to align our procedures to significantly reduce the risk of herbarium specimens being destroyed when being imported into Australia. The two groups worked together productively to bring about change and to enable the resumption of the international movement of herbarium specimens after two recent international disasters. These changes include amendments to the Biosecurity Import Conditions System (BICON) which contains the Australian government’s import conditions and onshore outcomes for herbarium specimens, changes to procedures at the border (airmail gateway facilities) where biosecurity documentation is assessed and parcels released, and updates to existing herbarium parcel labels, guidelines and supplier declaration templates. We will discuss lessons learned, as well as implications for researchers, collections managers or institutions who may be sending herbarium specimen material to Australia. This is a presentation on beahlf of the Managers of Australasian Herbarium Collections (MAHC), a network of herbarium Collection Managers in Australia and New Zealand.
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Arkhipova, E. A., and V. A. Boldyrev. "Herbarium Collection of Family Athyriaceae in Herbarium of Saratov State University (SARAT, SARP)." Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series: Chemistry. Biology. Ecology 12, no. 3 (2012): 81–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1816-9775-2012-12-3-81-83.
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Trójniak, Julia, and Klaudia Dynarowicz. "Herbarium – Summer 2021." European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine 19, no. 3 (2021): 255–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/ejcem.2021.3.8.
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Introduction. Medicinal plants are perfectly suited to interact with biological macromolecules like proteins and nucleic acids. All sources of natural products such as plants, microorganisms, animals, etc. are therefore biochemical potential. Aim. The goal was to present a typical plant often found in abandoned places, fields, meadows in the Podkarpacie region of Poland. Medicinal plants presented here were collected in Summer 2021 close to the city Jarosław. Material and methods. Plants collected for herbarium, immediately after harvest, are laid out between paper sheets that absorb moisture. Dried plants retain the shape of individual organs and usually also the colors. As the result of our collection, in this article are presented Papaver rhoeas L., Centaurea cyanus L., Capsella bursa – pastoris L., Taraxacum officinalle F.H., Wigg Coll and Lamium album L. Analysis of the literature. The desire to summarize information for future generations and to present the writings of the classical scholars to a wide audience was the major stimulations for presenting a most popular medicinal plants to the reader. The plants most often obtained for pharmaceutical purposes include: chamomile, fennel, St. John’s wort, nettle, mint, dandelion, yarrow, marshmallow, sage, foxglove, lemon balm, dandelion, rosehip, aloe, ginseng, and milk thistle. Conclusion. The history of plants collections is well documented.
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CRISAN, Vlad, and Lucian DINCA. "Plants from the Turda Area Included in the ‘Alexandru Beldie’ Herbarium." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Horticulture 78, no. 1 (May 14, 2021): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2020.0024.
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The paper aims to present the plants collected from the former county of Turda and their characteristics, that are found in one of the most important herbariums in Romania - the ‘Alexandru Beldie’ herbarium of the ‘Marin Drăcea’ National Institute for Research and Development in Forestry. The article presents the studied material, the number of vouchers with species harvested from this region, as well as some characteristics of this large collection of plants, such as the period when the collection was constituted and the periods of plant harvesting. For the studied herbarium, the genera were systematized, as the most representative genera were highlighted. Not only the most important species collected from the Turda County are indicated but, at the same time, the specialists who left their mark on the grassland representation in this area were also mentioned.
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Mabberley, David J., and Helen Pickering. "The first herbarium collection from the south Arabian coast?" Archives of Natural History 46, no. 1 (April 2019): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2019.0559.
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Investigation of the provenance of a herbarium gathering of Kissenia arabica (Loasaceae) at the Natural History Museum, London, reveals it to be part of the likely earliest extant herbarium collection from the south Arabian coast. Gathered in 1781–1782, the collection was possibly made by the colourful John Oswald (c. 1760–1793).
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Talovina, G. V. "Crop wild relative materials from field research in the Yakutsk vicinity in 2020." VAVILOVIA 3, no. 4 (August 31, 2021): 6–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.30901/2658-3860-2020-4-6-22.
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The N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) is working on replenishing seed and herbarium collections of cultivated plants and their wild relatives through collection missions in various regions of Russia. The collections are replenished with both live specimens (plantlets, runners, cuttings, bulbs, seeds, etc.), and with herbarium specimens of crop wild relatives (CWR). The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is characterized by a variety of natural conditions and resources, while many territories are difficult to reach by transport. Collection missions were carried out by VIR in the territory of Yakutia from 1972 to 1990. Field research in the territory of the republic is relevant to this day.In 2020, field research in the area of the projected bridge crossing over the Lena River near the city of Yakutsk resulted in collecting 18 samples of wild relatives of fruit, vegetable, essential oil, oil and fiber, forage legume, and cereals crops (live plants and seeds), as well as 45 CWR herbarium specimens. CWR (species of currants, onions, horseradish, water sorrel, tarragon wormwood, etc.) were found in floodplain habitats and on river banks, some were collected in ruderal biotopes, near settlements, less often in forest phytocenoses, and on steppe meadow slopes. All the samples were included in VIR collections. The phytocenoses from which CWR were collected, were comprehensively described.
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Stoffelen, Piet, Ingrid Verdegem, Ivan Hoste, Denis Diagre, Steven Janssens, Sofie De Smedt, Nicole Hanquart, et al. "Opening-up Crépin’s Rose Herbarium by New Technologies: a Pilot Project." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 13, 2018): e25792. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25792.
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The collections of Meise Botanic Garden comprise extensive and varied documentation on the genus Rosa. The library collection contains valuable and often rare 19th century publications about the genus Rosa, frequently with annotations by François Crépin. In addition to this, the archives hold the unpublished manuscripts and thousands of letters from Crépin’s correspondents reflecting the extraordinary scientific network he built up to facilitate the exchange of herbarium collections together with erudite discussions on the taxonomy of the genus Rosa. Crépin exchanged letters with all the important rhodologists of his time, such as E. Burnat, H. Christ, P.A. Déséglise, P.E. Parmentier, H. Takashima, and W. Wirtgen, and also with horticulturists, such as J. Gravereaux. This unique network and diversified patrimony of historical collections took shape over a period of several decades during which Crépin prepared a monograph of the genus Rosa that unfortunately was never finished. Crépin assembled a 19th century herbarium with ca. 40 000 specimens of the genus Rosa. In contrast to other important herbaria, the Crépin collection covers the whole natural area of distribution of Rosa and documents an unparalleled range of Rose taxa. The combination of documentary sources of several different types makes the collections of Meise Botanic Garden extremely valuable. They offer great opportunities for multidisciplinary studies by taxonomists and historians with the aim of solving the still insufficiently understood relations between taxa in the genus Rosa. Linking this unique heritage of Meise Botanic Garden with present-day molecular techniques promises rewarding research in the near future. We can conclude that the collections related to Roses are major masterpieces of the Garden. In 2016 the Piaget Foundation, the World Federation of Rose Societies and ‘De Vrienden van de Roos’, supported the Botanic Garden with a grant which allowed us to image 13 000 out of the 40 000 herbarium sheets. The public is invited to help us generate the label data on the Garden’s crowdsourcing platform (https://www.doedat.be/). In this project we tested also the quality of extracted DNA of 96 specimens of the Crépin Herbarium. 69% of the samples yielded with the Nanodrop technology good quality and quantity of DNA and for 29% of the samples it was even possible to amplify the rDNA gene marker ITS (with 650bp). These results are encouraging and illustrate that this historic herbarium could be a useful tool for research on roses.
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Offerhaus, A., E. de Haas, H. Porck, A. Kardinaal, R. Ek, O. Pokorni, and T. van Andel. "The Zierikzee Herbarium: contents and origins of an enigmatic 18th century herbarium." Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants 66, no. 1 (July 31, 2021): 1–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2021.66.01.01.
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The Municipal Museum of Zierikzee (The Netherlands) houses a loose-leafed herbarium containing 354 plant specimens, of which the provenance, age and maker were until recently unknown. By studying the plant specimens, paper, decorations and labels, an image was conveyed of an early 18th century herbarium that matched the description of a herbarium from the legacy of Jacob Ligtvoet (1684–1752), gardener in the Hortus botanicus of Leiden (The Netherlands) from 1703 till his death in 1752. This herbarium is one of the oldest garden herbaria of its kind and contains 306 unique species, of which 201 are currently native to the Netherlands. Exotic species come from the Mediterranean (81 spp.), South Africa (8), the Americas (10) and tropical Asia (7) and for the larger part from Europe and temperate Asia. Based on our comparison of names on the oldest labels, this collection of dried plants was probably started after publication of the first garden catalogue by the prefect of the Leiden hortus and professor of botany Herman Boerhaave (1710), but before the second edition in 1720. This historic herbarium reflects the state-of-the-art of botanical science and the international network of Dutch botanical gardens in the early 18th century.
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Van Rooy, J. "Exsiccatae in the bryophyte collection of the National Herbarium, Pretoria." Bothalia 43, no. 1 (January 13, 2013): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v43i1.86.
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Exsiccatae in the bryophyte collection of the National Herbarium in Pretoria (PRE) are catalogued for the first time. Most of the 66 series represented in PRE were issued in Europe, but the USA is the country where the largest number of exsiccatae originated. The exsiccatae span three centuries, with the earliest specimens issued in 1845 and the latest in 2009. This indicates the long-standing exchange of material and transfer of knowledge between herbaria in South Africa and countries of the northern Hemisphere. Many of the exsiccatae in PRE are incomplete and specimens were received as duplicates in exchange sets rather than exsiccatae. PRE houses a number of important African and southern hemisphere exsiccatae including two different sets of A. Rehmann’s Musci Austro-Africani (1875–1877) and Musci Austro-Africani cont., and R. Ochyra’s Bryophyta Antarctica exsiccata.
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Carter, Richard, Charles T. Bryson, and Stephen J. Darbyshire. "Preparation and Use of Voucher Specimens for Documenting Research in Weed Science." Weed Technology 21, no. 4 (December 2007): 1101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-07-007.1.
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Voucher specimens and herbarium collections provide the foundation for many aspects of research in the plant sciences. Available for study and verification by contemporary and future workers, voucher specimens promote reproducibility in scientific method because permanent records document identification, distribution, and interspecific and intraspecific variation of species. The utility and importance of voucher specimens and herbarium collections in supporting research in weed science are discussed, and the collection, preparation, documentation, storage, and shipment of voucher specimens are detailed.
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PIMENOV, MICHAEL G., and FERNAND JACQUEMOUD. "Nomenclatural types of the Umbelliferae in P.E.Boissier’s oriental herbarium (G-BOIS)." Phytotaxa 466, no. 1 (October 22, 2020): 1–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.466.1.1.
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G-BOIS (“Flora Orientalis Herbarium”), the result of many years (1844–1888) of titanic work by an outstanding botanist from Geneva Pierre-Edmond Boissier, is the most important taxonomic and nomenclature source of data on the rich flora of the territory from Greece to Middle Asia and the borders of India. It was isolated from an extensive Boissier’s private herbarium after the latter was included in the collection of Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques and kept in a special underground bunker. A material for 366 species and 47 infraspecific taxa of the Umbelliferae is stored in G-BOIS. Among lectotypes, the vast majority relate to the Boissier taxa; a small minority belong to taxa of other authors (their types and lectotypes are in other herbaria). The materials of other herbaria, Geneva and non-Geneva (Geneva General Herbarium, De Candolle Prodromus Herbarium, K, LE, P, JE, W, B and others) were also checked. Among the Umbelliferae material kept in G-BOIS, lectotypes of 255 names were designated here and those of 107 names have been designated before, including lectotypes selected prior 2011 as types and holotypes which were corrected to lectotypes (89 names). Besides the designated lectotypes and isolectotypes, G-BOIS also contains holotypes of 44 Boissierian Umbelliferae names and syntypes of 81 names. Additionally, holotypes, lectotypes and isolectotypes (in total for 168 names) were revealed in Geneva General herbarium (G). One new species name (Prangos iranica nom. nov.) has been proposed here in the genus Prangos.
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de Almeida Neves Nepomuceno Agra, Leandro, Andrea Carla Caldas Bezerra, David Itallo Barbosa, Antônia Aurelice Aurélio Costa, and Laise de Holanda Cavalcanti. "URM Mycological Herbarium: revision of the Myxomycetes collection." Brazilian Journal of Botany 37, no. 3 (June 20, 2014): 299–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40415-014-0071-4.
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Leão, Victor Miranda, Flavia Cristina Araujo Lucas, and Ely Simone Cajueiro Gurgel. "HERBARIA AS PATRIMONY: THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE MFS COLLECTION IN THE CONSERVATION OF AMAZONIAN BIODIVERSITY." Ciência e Natura 39, no. 3 (November 18, 2017): 467. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x27080.
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Herbaria and living collections play an indispensable role of species conservation strategies. The objective of this work was to discuss the formation of the MFS - Profa. Drª. Marlene Freitas da Silva herbarium, at the Universidade do Estado do Pará, with the goals of helping new Brazilian herbaria and motivating educational institutions, professors and students. The processes that involve the creation of a botanical collection as such as establishing partnershipsare, training technicians, curating, processing field data, taking images, and making data available online are described. Presently, MFS has 6083 dried collections, including angiosperms (5111 spp.), bryophytes (863 spp.), lycophytes and ferns (18 spp.) and fungi (91 spp.). In addition, there are associated collections of seedlings (15 spp.), flowers (47 spp.), fruits and seeds (187 spp.), and an ethnobotanical collection (56). The increasing growth of this collection is a resulted of many interdisciplinary studies in botany, that invested resources to work the social and environmental importance with the biodiversity. MFS is an important academic space and reference for researchers and students because it allows botanical material to be identified, and is a resource of historical, sociocultural and economic information about plants of a distinct and unique region in the world.
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Ricciardi, Massimo, and Maria Laura Castellano. "Domenico Cirillo’s Collections." Nuncius 29, no. 2 (2014): 499–530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18253911-02902008.
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The herbarium of the 19th-century Neapolitan botanists Vincenzo and Francesco Briganti was acquired by Orazio Comes in 1892 for the Royal Higher School of Agriculture in Naples. Based on a study of the handwriting on their labels, Comes concluded that some of the dried specimens were the sole remains of the herbarium of Domenico Cirillo, the distinguished 18th-century Neapolitan botanist, entomologist and physician. The current arrangement of the specimens not uniform and it is clear that they underwent extensive handling and rearrangement. Some of the exsiccata are preserved in two packets, fixed on sheets bearing a printed label that reads “Herbarium D. Cyrilli”. In an additional label Gaetano Nicodemi’s handwriting and not Cirillo’s as stated by Comes was identified. Other specimens, many of them mounted in a different manner from those in the first group, are arranged in another three packets. Certain characteristics of the herbarium may be explained by the vicissitudes of its history, including a hasty salvage operation. A study of the collection was conducted, including an analysis of the handwritten labels and notes, leading to conclusions that shed light on the significance of the Cirillo collection within the historical and scientific context of 18th-century Naples.
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Harlow, Mary, Lawrence Schmidt, and Paula Munoz. "Digitization of the Grand Teton National Park Herbarium." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 29 (January 1, 2005): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.2005.3599.
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Examples of digitization projects in the history of science are understood to have lasting consequences for the intellectual history of their fields (Petersen, 2005; Roes 2001). Following this trend, herbarium collections around the world are beginning to be digitized with positive results for their institutions (Begnoche, 2002; Ong, 2002). Librarians, with their long history of making collections accessible, are participating in this trend (Foster, 2005). The University of Wyoming Libraries encourage Librarians to develop and maintain collections in a variety of subjects, and the Libraries are pursuing opportunities in digital collections. This project expands the University of Wyoming Libraries work in the digitizing of a unique collection of plant specimens.
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Popov, E. S. "The types of fungal names published by Ch. G. Ehrenberg from A. von Chamisso’s collection, and kept in the Mycological and Lichenological herbaria of the Komarov Botanical Institute (St. Petersburg, LE)." Novosti sistematiki nizshikh rastenii 48 (2014): 196–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/nsnr/2014.48.196.
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Lectotypes of twelve names of Fungi published by Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg from Adelbert von Chamisso’s collection (Auricularia cornea, Agaricus copulatus, Boletus katui, B. sector, Hypochnus nigrocinctus, Hysterium gracile, H. orbiculare, Naemaspora tularostoma, Sphaeria eschscholtzii, S. fur, S. profuga, Triblidium arcticum) are designated. It was thought that fungal collection made by Chamisso during the voyage around the world on board the Russian brig «Rurik» (1815–1818) had been lost, but many of his samples of fungi were re-discovered in 2013 in the Mycological Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute (St. Petersburg, LE) including original material of ten Ehrenberg’s taxa. For Hypochnus rubrocinctus which was lectotypified earlier by Aptroot et al. (2009) the additional type material kept in the Lichenological Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute (LE) is cited. It is supposed that original collections of Campsotrichum unicolor and Thamnomyces chamissonis may be kept in Fries herbarium (UPS).
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Denny, M. Wardani, and A. Susilo. "Diversity and potential utilization of medicinal plants in Way Kambas National Park." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 914, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/914/1/012001.
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Abstract The lowland forest area of Section I Way Kanan, Way Kambas National Park, possesses abundant medicinal tree species. This study aims to identify the medicinal tree species and their potential uses. Data collection was carried out by an inventory of all tree species by the belt transect method on a 100 m x 10 m. All plants were sampled for the herbarium, recorded, identified, and then analyzed for their usefulness. Data analysis was carried out to obtain the accuracy of scientific names, using the comparative identification approach, comparing herbarium samples from the field with herbarium specimens from Heyne’s collection at the Forest Botanical Herbarium, Forest Research and Development Center, Bogor. The identification results using herbarium specimens recorded 24 medicinal tree species of the 20 genera and 20 families. Based on Heyne’s Herbarium collection, 13 tree species of the 11 genera and 11 families possess the potential for medicinal and food. Among these species, the community still uses medicinal trees, such as Artocarpus elasticus, Baccaurea bracteata, Bouea oppositifolia and Cinnamomum iners. In general, people use medicinal plants when a family member is sick or used as tonics and supplements to maintain endurance.
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Ibáñez, Neus, Josep M. Montserrat, Ignasi Soriano, and Josep M. Camarasa. "Plant Material Exchanged between James Petiver ( ca . 1663–1718) and Joan Salvador I Riera (1683–1725). I. The Balearic Plants Conserved in the Bc-Salvador and Bm-Sloane Herbaria." Notes and Records of the Royal Society 60, no. 3 (September 8, 2006): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2006.0148.
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The BC-Salvador herbarium, conserved in the Botanic Institute of Barcelona, is the oldest plant collection known in Spain, with 4025 sheets collected between the late seventeenth century and the middle of the eighteenth. Joan Salvador, the main contributor, sent duplicates of some of these sheets to James Petiver and Hans Sloane; the sheets are now conserved as a part of the BM-Sloane herbarium. Both herbaria conserve the testimonies of the first well-known systematic explorations of the Balearic Islands carried out by Joan and Josep Salvador between 1711 and 1725. In this article we list the contents of Petiveriana III , published by Petiver in 1717, in which some Balearic plants are described as new taxa by Joan Salvador, and we point out the sheets of the BC-Salvador and BM-Sloane herbaria on which these diagnoses are based.
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Peters, Melinda. "Conservation process of water-damaged herbarium specimens at the Harvard University Herbaria." Collection Forum 28, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2014): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14351/0831-0005-28.1.8.
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Abstract In December 2009, following an upgrade of the Harvard University Herbaria's heating and cooling system, a pipe burst in one room, resulting in the soaking of specimens in the adjacent cases. The soaked specimens were removed, and the degree of water damage was assessed. The saturated specimens were placed in plastic bags and immediately transferred to a walk-in freezer set at −20°C. Slightly wet specimens were spread out to air dry. Restoration of the frozen specimens involved tests to determine the most effective method for restoring them to usable condition. Test specimens of no scientific value were intentionally soaked, then dried using two procedures: (1) silica gel desiccation and (2) vacuum freeze drying. Freeze-dried specimens did not adhere to each other as much as did those that were dried with silica gel and was the method chosen. Upon their return, the dried specimens were sorted into groups: (1) those that were immediately ready to be returned to the collection, (2) those requiring minor repair, such as reattaching detached labels or plant parts, and (3) those requiring major repair. All specimens were annotated to indicate that they were water damaged and the method of restoration used and then they were returned to the collection.
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Ricker, Martin, Jorge Calónico, Miguel Á. Castillo-Santiago, Adolfo Galicia, Christoph Kleinn, Esteban M. Martínez-Salas, Edith Mondragón, et al. "Mexico’s Forest Diversity: Common Tree Species and Proposed Forest-Vegetation Provinces." Forests 13, no. 10 (September 29, 2022): 1598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13101598.
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We report a relatively rare study of a national forest inventory in a megadiverse country with the systematic collection of herbarium specimens. The taxonomic identification of 22,659 herbarium collections from 6942 collection sites of Mexico’s national forest inventory resulted in 1464 native tree species (approximately half of Mexico’s estimated total) in 470 genera and 117 plant families. We compared visual tree-species identifications in the field by hired crews, with much more rigorous identification of submitted (mostly sterile) herbarium samples by experienced taxonomists and specialists at the National Herbarium: for 40% of the 22,659 collections, the species identification from the field was confirmed, for 32%, it was corrected at the herbarium, and 27% had been sent without any identification. The most commonly collected plant families were Fagaceae (oak family, 21.7% of all collections), Fabaceae (legumes, 17.7%), and Pinaceae (pine family, 13.3%). The most commonly collected tree species in six major forest-vegetation types were Pinus leiophylla in “coniferous forest”, Quercus magnoliifolia in “highland broadleaf forest”, Liquidambar styraciflua in “mountainous cloud forest”, Bursera simaruba in “lowland evergreen forest”, Lysiloma divaricatum in “lowland dry forest”, and Parkinsonia microphylla in “xerophilous scrub”. We overlapped the six major forest-vegetation types with Mexico’s 15 mainland floristic provinces, as circumscribed by Rzedowski. This resulted in 75 so-called forest-vegetation provinces, of which 35 had at least 20 collection sites. The similarity of species composition among these 35 forest-vegetation provinces was only 17–34% with the Jaccard community index, and 15–42% with the Morisita-Horn community index. The number of physically undetected species was estimated statistically for the 35 forest-vegetation provinces, which indicates that there are forest-vegetation provinces, where the number of species could be up to 8.8-fold higher than those detected in the present work. Finally, we suggest a method to distribute sites optimally among the country in future forest inventories, such as to minimize the average area represented by each site.
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Reimeier, Fabian, Dominik Röpert, Anton Güntsch, Agnes Kirchhoff, and Walter G. Berendsohn. "Service-based information extraction from herbarium specimens." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (May 21, 2018): e25415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25415.
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On herbarium sheets, data elements such as plant name, collection site, collector, barcode and accession number are found mostly on labels glued to the sheet. The data are thus visible on specimen images. With continuously improving technologies for collection mass-digitisation it has become easier and easier to produce high quality images of herbarium sheets and in the last few years herbarium collections worldwide have started to digitize specimens on an industrial scale (Tegelberg et al. 2014). To use the label data contained in these massive numbers of images, they have to be captured and databased. Currently, manual data entry prevails and forms the principal cost and time limitation in the digitization process. The StanDAP-Herb Project has developed a standard process for (semi-) automatic detection of data on herbarium sheets. This is a formal extensible workflow integrating a wide range of automated specimen image analysis services, used to replace time-consuming manual data input as far as possible. We have created web-services for OCR (Optical Character Recognition); for identifying regions of interest in specimen images and for the context-sensitive extraction of information from text recognized by OCR. We implemented the workflow as an extension of the OpenRefine platform (Verborgh and De Wilde 2013).
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Manzano, Saúl, and Adele C. M. Julier. "How FAIR are plant sciences in the twenty-first century? The pressing need for reproducibility in plant ecology and evolution." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288, no. 1944 (February 10, 2021): 20202597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.2597.
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The need for open, reproducible science is of growing concern in the twenty-first century, with multiple initiatives like the widely supported FAIR principles advocating for data to be Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable. Plant ecological and evolutionary studies are not exempt from the need to ensure that the data upon which their findings are based are accessible and allow for replication in accordance with the FAIR principles. However, it is common that the collection and curation of herbarium specimens, a foundational aspect of studies involving plants, is neglected by authors. Without publicly available specimens, huge numbers of studies that rely on the field identification of plants are fundamentally not reproducible. We argue that the collection and public availability of herbarium specimens is not only good botanical practice but is also fundamental in ensuring that plant ecological and evolutionary studies are replicable, and thus scientifically sound. Data repositories that adhere to the FAIR principles must make sure that the original data are traceable to and re-examinable at their empirical source. In order to secure replicability, and adherence to the FAIR principles, substantial changes need to be brought about to restore the practice of collecting and curating specimens, to educate students of their importance, and to properly fund the herbaria which house them.
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Degtyareva, Svetlana, Valentina Dorofeeva, and Yuliya Chekmeneva. "SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS QUERCUS L. IN THE ARBORETUM HERBARIUM OF THE UNIVERSITY." Forestry Engineering Journal 11, no. 3 (October 8, 2021): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2021.3/1.
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The results of the analysis of Quercus L. species stored in the herbarium of the Department of Botany and Plant Physiology of Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education VSUFT (Voronezh) are presented. This herbarium of historical plant collections of the genus Quercus L. is critical for tracking changes in the genus, including the introduction and distribution of species. We examined the belonging of the species to systematic units – subgenus, section, subsection, row, using the traditional classification and the updated intrageneric classification of oaks. Information about the life form, plant height, date and place of collection of the specimen was recorded. We entered information into the database, which will further simplify the work on registration, revision of the herbarium fund and when replenishing herbarium specimens. Conclusions were drawn based on the results of the workabout changes in the taxonomic nature and phylogenetic relationships of species in Quercus L. genus
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Martin, Michael D., Elva Quiroz-Claros, Grace S. Brush, and Elizabeth A. Zimmer. "Herbarium collection-based phylogenetics of the ragweeds (Ambrosia, Asteraceae)." Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 120 (March 2018): 335–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2017.12.023.
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Bagmet, L. V., I. S. Chepinoga, A. A. Trifonova, K. V. Boris, and A. V. Shlyavas. "Nomenclature standards and DNA barcoding of apple varieties originated by VIR Crimean Experimental Breeding Station." Horticulture and viticulture, no. 6 (December 30, 2021): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31676/0235-2591-2021-6-5-16.
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Current pace of breeding technologies relies on a tighter control of quality and identity of breeding achievements. Thereby, standardised variety nomenclature becomes of particular relevance to store original genetic information and warrant authenticity of the breeding product. A nomenclature standard regulates the variety’s name and habitus. A herbarium specimen is most appropriate for standardisation, since it defines a set of strongly inherited morphological characters for a variety. Nomenclature standards must be permanently stored in a scientific herbarium collection. The N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) in alliance with national plant breeders initiated a first nomenclature standard collection of national-breeding cultivars. Aside to classical herbarising, the collection utilises molecular genetic techniques, particularly genotyping, to enable extended variety verification. The VIR team has developed the nomenclature standards of six apple varieties originated by the Crimean Experimental Breeding Station, a VIR Branch (Beloe Solntse, Zolotoy Potok, Kubanochka, Leto Krasnoe, Luchistoe and Shchedrost). The standards are supplemented with DNA barcodes obtained jointly with the N. I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics. Fifteen microsatellite markers were used for barcoding. The herbarium nomenclature specimens adhered to the VIR-developed protocol in accordance with the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP). The specimens are registered in the VIR Herbarium database and deposited in the World Crop Wild and Weed Relatives (WIR) Herbarium type collection.