Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Hermeneutics of Space'

Thesis advisor: Patrick H. Byrne
It has been held in philosophical practice that some matters of reflection have more import than others, and that some are so significant that they may be termed "first philosophy." In contemporary Continental philosophy, the term "event" has become a watchword for a profound change in the orientation of philosophic thought. Indeed, one may say that the discourse surrounding events marks the first decisive development in philosophy since Martin Heidegger penned Being and Time. This is not to say, however, that any consensus has emerged concerning either the character of events, or more importantly what they entail for the meaning of human historical consciousness. To provide such statements, ones that have at least a relative superiority with respect to their rivals, might thus be considered the basic task for first philosophy today. It is to accomplish this double aim that the present work is devoted. These two tasks, articulating the character of events and their significance for human historical consciousness, are here assayed by a movement that is itself double, by a movement of suspicion and affirmation. In the specific case, the present work undertakes a retrieval of Heidegger's understanding of "Ereignis" (or event) after passing through a hermeneutics of suspicion, posed by the criticisms of the contemporary French philosopher Alain Badiou, and returning to an articulation of "Emergence" as a complementary hermeneutics of affirmation. The method by which I undertake this inquiry is what may be called an "infinite hermeneutics," which I intend to be opposed to "finite hermeneutics." By this latter program, "finite hermeneutics," I mean any form of philosophical hermeneutics that is committed to the thesis that human understanding (Verstehen) is finite, or that the objective of inquiry itself is finite, or both of these points. The thesis that human understanding is finite may be found in Kant's proposal that human knowing is distinct from divine knowledge in the respect that human knowing is dependent on receptive intuition, and thus finite, while infinite knowledge is founded on a productive intuition. In the relevant sense, I argue, it may also be found in Heidegger's own thought. One of the major points of the present investigation is to demonstrate in what way a commitment to finitude is highly problematic, and that human knowing, human comprehension, and even the very character of what is known is not finite in any relevant sense. The motivation for such a departure is provided by the criticisms of Badiou, which are here treated as a moment of suspicion. I begin the work with a "Prolegomenon," which reviews in detail the specific challenge Badiou has posed for phenomenological hermeneutics, or any other philosophical position that is committed to the notion that human thought or understanding is finite. As a "Prolegomenon," however, nothing positive for my own position is accomplished there; instead the net result of the study is to produce: (a) an argument against Heideggerian finite hermeneutics, (b) a summary critique of the Badiou's own position, and (c) a clear statement on the eight separate tasks that I set out to accomplish in the argument that follows. The positive aspect of the text, the beginning of the movement of affirmation, thus occurs in "Part I: Infinite Hermeneutics," in which I present a defense of phenomenological hermeneutics as a viable philosophical method. In chapter three I begin by drawing on the work of Paul Ricoeur. My argument is that he is both the very first philosopher to articulate an infinite hermeneutics, and that this account, suitably elaborated throughout his career, is able to meet most of the specific challenges Badiou poses. There does remain, however, three separate points that Ricoeur's thought does not fully explore. In order to remedy those deficiencies, and in order to demonstrate the relative advantage of my hermeneutical position with respect to its competitors, I thus move to produce a new model for hermeneutical thought. Articulating the conditions for this model is the task for chapter four. My task here resolves into three parts. First, I argue for a Galoisian Revolution in phenomenological study, which sets forth a new between hermeneutics and phenomenology study. This relation, second, requires a rearticulation of phenomenological method such that it is "impersonal," as Jean-Paul Sartre's early work suggests. Additionally this relation, third, requires that one be attentive to the structures of consciousness, which is what completes the Galoisian Revolution. In order to support my account of an impersonal phenomenology I engage the contemporary Anglo-American discussions in the philosophy of mind concerning the character of first-person consciousness. In order to specify what is intended by a structure of first-person consciousness, provide a provisional phenomenology of eros. In chapter five I move to articulate the structure of consciousness that serves as the third model for phenomenological hermeneutics. It is at this point that I engage with the work of Bernard Lonergan. My central contention in chapter five is that it is possible to retrieve Longergan's work on cognitional structure as a phenomenology of inquiry for hermeneutical purposes. Taken together, these points, the Ricoeurean defense of hermeneutics, the development of an impersonal phenomenology, and the retrieval of a phenomenology of inquiry, form the hard core of my proposal for infinite hermeneutics. "Part II: On Worlds" concerns the fruits that I can reap from the harvest sown in Part I. In particular, I aim to develop an ecological sense of worlds in response to Badiou's category-theoretic and Heidegger's (early) existential world. My argument moves from an ecological account of natural worlds (chapter six), through a signifying account human worlds (chapter seven), to an account of human historical consciousness and a consideration of catastrophes such as the Shoah and the Encounter (chapter eight). In each of these chapters I focus on developing an account of different kinds of Events, with the aim not only of providing a more serviceable account than my rivals, but also with the hopes of providing a new and better picture of world process. The final section, "Part III: The Metaphysics of Excess" expresses the central Metaphysical claims of the work, especially those concerning Events and the peculiar form I call Emergence. This chapter, in short, constitutes the moment of affirmation in response to the moment of suspicion occasioned by Badiou's criticism of phenomenological hermeneutics. Additionally, however, I produce an argument for the intelligible relation of cosmic space and time with human (lived) space and time, a statement on the new forms of causation entailed by the possibility of Events, and a new account of Truth (to rival Badiou and Heidegger's). The work closes with a summary review of what I have achieved and what yet remains to be accomplished. Though as the title of the conclusion suggests, its main aim is to provide a new statement on the world-view that I work to articulate over the course of the investigation. That world-view, and this is the justification for the subtitle of the present work, is the trans-modern condition, which articulates the existential character of our modern globalized world
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2011
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Philosophy

Considerando-se que a tecnologia assume um papel importante nos debates atuais sobre educação em virtude da rapidez e multiplicidade de seus efeitos na sociedade em rede (Castells, 2006), a presente pesquisa enfoca os letramentos como questão crucial à aprendizagem. O objetivo desta tese é investigar como estudantes universitários, usuários da Internet, de diferentes cursos, em universidades públicas e privadas, constroem sentidos, a partir de seus contextos sócio-culturais, em relação às diferentes formas de prática social e respectivas epistemologias. Para realizar esta pesquisa, um site foi criado no qual os participantes, hiperleitores, interagiam entre si, escolhendo temas de uma gama de modalidades as quais incluíam imagens, vídeo games, charges, conteúdo de emails, filmes, músicas, lendas urbanas e notícias de outras formas midiáticas. Esta tese baseia-se em concepções recentes sobre letramentos, principalmente o letramento crítico, como uma prática social. Nessa perspectiva, a construção de epistemologia, realidade e autoria são sempre concebidas como sendo situadas, múltiplas, contestáveis e sujeitas à transformação, conforme salientam Cope, Kalantzis, 2000; Gee, 2004; Lankshear, Knobel, 2005; Muspratt, Luke, Freebody, 1997. Nesta, procuro estabelecer uma conexão entre letramento crítico, hermenêutica crítica (Ricoeur, 1978) e desconstrução (Derrida, 1997). A conclusão revela que a Internet representa um espaço propício para a construção de conhecimento e sugere, como no título Letramentos na sociedade digital: navegar é e não é preciso, que certeza e incerteza coexistem no processo de navegação, conforme a construção de sentidos dos participantes na qual visões convencionais e mais críticas se mesclam.
Bearing in mind technology has played a very important role in contemporary debates about education due to its rapid and multiple effects in network society (Castells, 2006), this research assumes literacies as absolutely central to learning. The aim of this dissertation is to investigate how university students, familiar with the Internet, majoring in various courses, from private and public universities, construct meanings, from and with their historical contexts, in relation to different forms of social practices along with the kind of epistemology embedded with them. In order to carry out this investigation, a site was built in which the participants of this research, hyperreaders, interacted with each other through choosing to discuss issues from an array of modalities including images, video games, animated jokes, email contents, films, music, urban legends, current news from other media. This dissertation draws on contemporary notions of literacies, mainly critical literacy, as a social practice. From this perspective, it is assumed that the construction of epistemology, reality and authorship are always contextualized, multiple, questionable and subject to transformations, according to Cope, Kalantzis, 2000; Gee, 2004; Lankshear, Knobel, 2005; Muspratt, Luke, Freebody, 1997. The study connects critical literacy, critical hermeneutics (Ricoeur, 1978) and deconstruction (Derrida 1997). The conclusion reveals that the Internet represents a propitious space for knowledge construction and it suggests, as in the title Literacies in the digital society: navigating is and is not precise, that both certainty and uncertainty coexist in the process of navigation through the participants´ meaning making in which conventional and more critical views are intertwined.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Franz Kafka (1883 - 1924), considered by many as a prophet revealing the precarious condition of man in the early twentieth century, wrote fragmented works, concentrated in annihilating spaces, which represent much more than a simple backdrop. Both from the point of view of textual composition and under the symbolic and mythical bias, this narrative category plays a decisive role in the understanding of how many themes and characters are featured in the literary text. Thus, the main objective of the research is to analyze the spatial construction in the novel The castle, published in 1922, considering the fragmentation and the own world representation of the atomization the art of the early twentieth century. In addition to the work mentioned, they will also be used other texts in order to develop research with examples that prove the hypothesis of the fictional space of Kafkaesque work is created under a labyrinthine design. Thus, the labyrinth symbolism influences the thematic and formal aspects of the greatest novel of Kafka. With this in mind, our work triggers theories about the symbolic hermeneutics to better understand the value of the labyrinth myth in our culture and his appropriation as symbolic and artistic element. In this case, the studies of Peyronie André (1998), Gilbert Durand (2002), Carl Gustav Jung (2008) and Mircea Eliade (1878) to give theoretical support. Because it is a narrative category, the space must also be seen from theories that present as structural element, such as the concepts of 'narrative' and 'description' mentioned throughout the study. For this reason they will be given study Osman Lins (1976), Anatol Rosenfeld (1976) and George Lukacs (1968). Finally, the chapter with the final remarks, entitled "Bifurcation of the way," indicates the maze itself was the literary text, in which the individual is represented in multiple forms in a universe whose experienced situations are apparent and full of obstacles.
Franz Kafka (1883 – 1924), considerado por muitos como um profeta revelador da condição precária do homem no início do século XX, escreveu obras fragmentadas, concentradas em espaços aniquiladores, que representam muito mais do que um simples pano de fundo. Tanto sob o ponto de vista da composição textual, bem como sob o viés simbólico e mítico, essa categoria narrativa desempenha papel decisivo para a compreensão do modo como muitos temas e personagens são caracterizados no texto literário. Dessa forma, o objetivo central da pesquisa é analisar a construção espacial no romance O castelo, publicado em 1922, considerando a fragmentação e a atomização da representação do mundo próprias à arte do início do século XX. Além da obra mencionada, também serão usados outros textos a fim de desenvolver a pesquisa com exemplos que comprovem a hipótese do espaço ficcional da obra kafkiana ser criado sob uma concepção labiríntica. Assim, a simbologia do labirinto influencia os aspectos temáticos e formais do maior romance de Kafka. Tendo isso em vista, nosso trabalho aciona teorias a respeito da hermenêutica simbólica para melhor entender o valor do mito do labirinto em nossa cultura e a apropriação dele como elemento simbólico e artístico. Nesse caso, os estudos de André Peyronie (1998), Gilbert Durand (2002), Carl Gustav Jung (2008) e Mercia Eliade (1878) nos darão suporte teórico. Por se tratar de uma categoria narrativa, o espaço também deve ser visto a partir de teorias que o apresentam conforme elemento estrutural, como é o caso das concepções de ‘narração’ e ‘descrição’ mencionados ao longo da pesquisa. Ao considerar essa abordagem, serão indicados estudos de Osman Lins (1976), Anatol Rosenfeld (1976) e George Lukács (1968). Por fim, o capítulo com as considerações finais, cujo título é “Bifurcação das vias”, indica o labirinto como sendo o próprio texto literário, no qual o indivíduo é representado de forma múltipla em um universo cujas situações vividas são aparentes e repletas de obstáculos.

“Where the Shadows Lie: Finding the Other in the Spatial Depictions of the Underworld in The Book of Enoch, Inferno and Paradise Lost” answers a question of spatial behaviour in the three texts, in terms of the portrayal of the characters of Fallen Angels, who have been Othered from Heaven, in each text within the spatial context of their respective heterotopias. The spatial behaviour refers to how these characters are portrayed to act within a certain space, with that behaviour directly shaped and influenced by the space and place that the characters are depicted in. The question of spatial behaviour in this study revolves around whether the behaviour within the Othered space is that of acceptance, or of rebellion. The narrative of each text is analysed as a whole, in order to be contextualised through a Narratological analysis, as well as a Hermeneutic reading and a contextualisation within the realm of Social-Scientific Criticism. The texts are then analysed in more detail, with particular focus given to 1 Enoch 6-21, lines 1-9 and 22-57 in Inferno, and lines 33-45, 52-55, and 64-110 in Paradise Lost in order to Deconstruct their base similarities and then to answer the research question of spatial behaviour through Critical Spatiality. This analysis investigates the aspect of Thirding-as-Othering, in terms of how the Othered space is represented, and how the (Othered) Fallen Angels inhabit that space, based on the choices available to them: either, accept the imposed differentiation and division, or to resist their own “Otherness” and the Othered space that they were sentenced to. These spatial behaviours depict the choices taken by the author of each text, based on the cultural and religious values of their times and cultures, to represent the spatial behavioural options of their narratives’ characters. These options are the choice to fight against the banishment and make a space of Power out of the Othered space, or to accept being Othered and accept the Othered space for the prison it is meant to portray. This study incorporates a Narratological Analysis of The Book of Enoch, Inferno and Paradise Lost, followed by a Hermeneutical Interpretation and Social-Scientific reading. The texts are then analysed in terms of the focal points of 1 Enoch 6-21, lines 1-9 and 22-57 in Inferno, and lines 33-45, 52-55, and 64-110 in Paradise Lost, and are Deconstructed in terms of the spatial depictions of the Underworlds in order to determine the similarities in conditions, both physical and emotional, that are created by the Thirding, which is ultimately investigated, in terms of Critical Spatial Theory, in order to answer the aforementioned research question.
Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Ancient Languages
unrestricted

This project aspires to understand the tuberculosis sanatoria in Sweden from the perspective of their location in space and the interpretation of the characteristics of their landscapes. The study has sorted the areas of analysis in the following categories: [i] distribution, [ii] altitude, [iii] orientation, [iv] proximity to the sea, [v] proximity to lakes or rivers, [vi] proximity to train stations, [vii] proximity to forests, [viii] proximity to towns or hospitals, [ix] proximity to industries. The spatial analysis will rely on observation and on GIS technology. Two different software have been used, Qgis and ArcGis, but mainly the first due to its disposition as free software and therefore available for all and easily accessible. Thereafter, the results of these analyses have been interpreted in the light of hermeneutical philosophy, seeking the understanding of each of the parts before understanding the whole, and interpreting the spatial results in the light of the information about the anti-tuberculosis movement.                             Tuberculosis sanatoria cannot be interpreted without the support of medical theories existing during tuberculosis crisis' times. Sanatoria spatial interpretation is also executed under the premises of Corner’s essential points across any spatial analysis: [i] the primacy of perception and [ii] the role of tradition. Considering the primacy of perception, some of the buildings and their surroundings have been visited “in situ” or studied through photos and images. This supported the understanding of the spatial elements of the sanatoria. The weight of tradition existing in the sanatoria is strong. The sanatorium’s environment as an element of the treatment for the patient roots in the 19th century and its hygienic theories. This influenced the organic architecture movement that encouraged a return to nature in search of health, fresh air, and well-being during the industrial revolution.                          The results proved that many Swedish sanatoria aimed to find good environmental conditions that supported the fresh-air treatment, in harmony with the medical theories of the times but also in areas where they were more needed for the working force. They were hardly ever isolated or placed on high altitudes. Supplies like water and heating were generally nearby to provide the sanatoria with the necessary resources, while other needs could be covered by the proximity to train stations or towns. Other sanatoria were placed within cities, in search of better facilities and services, but they gave up the benefits attributed to the clean and fresh air in the patients.                                                           This study shows that spatial analysis has achieved a great understanding of Swedish sanatoria from a new perspective never developed in Sweden. It has demonstrated a relationship between the social workforce and health care, and it could have been the start of a strong investment in popular care in Sweden that has not stopped since.

The research done in this study was motivated by the notion that individuals (or societies) create their own reality through the specific space they occupy at a certain moment in time. This concept of reality implies an "interspace" between (con)texts that could be described as a hybrid (a term that is used to describe the mixing or intermingling of different aspects or liminal space between various (con)texts. As the notion of identity is closely related to the interaction of the individual with a specific context, the main aim of the research was to promote hybridity as a form of identity by exploring the relationship or dialogue between literature (novel) and film as texts. For this purpose, a comparison was made between the formation of identity in the novel Great Expectations by Charles Dickens and its twentieth century counterpart in film produced by Twentieth Century Fox (directed by Alfonso Cuaron and adapted by Mitch Glazer). The main difference between the two texts, the different periods in which the works were produced, constituted an important point of departure for this study. It also revealed that the main character of the respective texts, Pip/Finn, possesses a type of "core personality" of a sense of values that refuses to be repressed, despite the character's interaction with context as reflected in the interplay between the similarities and differences between the texts. The methodological approach was based on the Brockmeier model which suggested an imbrication of theories such as narratology, semiotics and intertextuality that could all contribute, in some way, towards the formation of "textual" identity. The analysis ,first identified three (con)textual aspects/constants in the formation of identity, namely ideological influences, strategies of writing and social reality, in the novel Great Expectations, and then proceeded to illustrate the transformation of these contextual markers in the twentieth century film version. 'The comparison indicated an expansion of the narrator's/protagonist's historic consciousness in the film that correlated with the cultural dominants of the specific time: the film's realist mode as opposed to the postmodernist expansion or fusion of boundaries. The two texts were perceived to be engaged in a dialogue with no conclusive interpretation, an aspect familiar to the postmodernist approach.
Thesis (Ph.D. (English))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

Est-il encore possible de vivre et d’habiter l’espace aménagé et construit en particulier, quant à considérer le déluge technoscientifique et industriel qui détermine et influence le domaine de l’architecture moderne ? Le rationalisme et le fonctionnalisme d’une certaine tendance de l’architecture moderne en intégrant les progrès technoscientifiques et industriels dans le monde de la maison, semble condamner l’expérience d’habiter à une crise irréversible. L’activité architecturale se voulant conforme aux progrès scientifiques et techno-industriels, elle impose à l’expérience pratique de la maison et préscientifique des lieux de vie, des normes de vie découlant de la seule raison. C’est en général une architecture et un urbanisme modernes abstraits et fonctionnalistes qui se développent en suivant la voie de l’objectivité rationnelle ouverte par Galilée et Descartes, ils maîtrisent, administrent et esthétisent le tout du monde ainsi que toutes les expériences humaines à l’espace en les dépouillant des considérations poétiques, mythologiques et affectives. Ainsi, la construction des institutions humaines d’habitation devient dans l’identification de la crise d’habiter, un « processus technologique prosaïque dérivant directement de la raison mathématique, d’un diagramme fonctionnel, ou d’une règle de combinaisons formelles » au désavantage de l’expérience concrète d’habiter. Mais si l’architecture n’a pas affaire qu’à elle-même, si elle n’est pas une pratique qui trouve sa fin en elle-même puisqu’elle s’ouvre vers l’autre, comment peut-on philosophiquement toujours espérer habiter authentiquement, originairement et poétiquement le monde et l’espace de la maison en particulier ? La philosophie, par l’approche phénoménologique et herméneutique à partir de Gaston Bachelard et Merleau-Ponty, présente pour l'expérience moderne d'habiter, des voies significatives originales qui permettent de répondre à la crise qu’elle connait. En renouvelant autrement que par la seule connaissance rationnelle les relations de l'homme à l'espace, elle se présente comme une voie remarquable de ré-compréhension, de relecture et de ré-enchantement de l’expérience originaire d’habiter le monde, la ville et l’espace de la maison
Is it still possible to inhabitate and live the laid out and constructed space in particular, as for considering the techno and industrial flood that determines and influences the field of modern architecture? Rationalism and functionalism of a given trend of modern architecture by incorporating techno and industrial progress in the world of home, seems to condemn the experience of living in an irreversible crisis. The architectural activity wanting to meet scientific and techno-industrial progress, it requires practical experience in home and prescientific places of life, of living standards arising from the only reason. It is a general an architecture and a modern, abstract and functionalist urbanism that develop along the path of rational objectivity initiated by Galileo and Descartes, they control , manage and aestheticize the whole world and all human experience to space by stripping poetic , mythological and emotional considerations. Thus, the construction of human institutions housing becomes in identifying the crisis of living a «prosaic and technological process deriving directly from the mathematical reason, a functional diagram, or a rule of formal suits «in drawback of the concrete experience of living. But if the architecture does not matter to itself, if it is not a practice that is an end in itself because it opens to another, how can we still philosophically hope to authentically, originally and poetically live the world and the space of the house in particular? Philosophy, by phenomenological and hermeneutic approach inheritated from Gaston Bachelard and Merleau-Ponty presents to the modern experience of living, original significant ways that respond to the crisis it faces. Renewing differently more than the only purely rational knowledge the relations of man to the space, it presents itself as a remarkable way of re- understanding, rereading and re-enchantment of the original experience of inhabitating the world , the city and the space of the house

The presence of flowers is felt in Catholic architecture, literature, artwork, personal histories and devotional practices. This, however, has not always been the case. The Catholic Church has had a long and tumultuous relationship with flowers, the focus of which has been the subject of considerable scholarship (e.g. Fisher (2011, 2007), Ward (1999), Winston-Allen (1997), Goody (1993), Coats (1970)). What has not been much considered is a phenomenological treatment of Catholic floral experience, and how such experiences have shaped individual and shared understandings of the Catholic faith. This thesis seeks to redress this omission through an exploration of the life of the Polish Catholic mystic, St. Faustina Kowalska (1905-1938), whose mystical experiences with the divine were explicitly mediated and narrated through flowers. Through Faustina’s diary, Divine Mercy in my Soul, we gain access to powerful, and unequivocally Catholic, experiences with flowers which comprise the very centre of her religious convictions. This thesis queries the ways in which flowers have dynamically shaped, and have been shaped by, St. Faustina's relationship with God and Catholic holy figures. To address this question I use the semiotic, phenomenological and hermeneutic approach of Max van Manen. Van Manen uses four elements of lived experience he calls lifeworld existentials, these are: lived space, lived time, lived body and lived relationality. These four categories are applied to St. Faustina’s life as she engages with God spatially, temporally, corporeally and relationally; each reveals the centrality of flowers in her religious experiences. While this thesis focuses on the religio-floral experiences of a particular mystic-saint, its significance lies also in the broader Catholic narrative of which it is a part. Writing about flowers was a transformative medium in Faustina's life and has been historically significant in the lives of many other Catholic saints and mystics who recorded similar experiences. This thesis, in describing the details of St. Faustina’s floral-saturated experiences from her diary, reveals a particularized instance of a paradigmatic Catholic phenomenon whereby flowers provide access to the sacred.

The traditional workplace evolved over time, moving through different waves or phases of change. The phases, although prevalent in different stages in different countries, have been characterised by various technological developments. The virtual workplace evolved as part of the Information Age or Fifth Wave, bringing with it its own unique characteristics and requirements. These unique characteristics, such as the speed at which information is communicated, crossing of time and space boundaries, social networks and requirements, such as sustainable high speed internet connectivity, are evident in the relationship between people, processes and the virtual workplace. This study explored the manner in which virtual workers executed their activities through the use of technology, the type of business processes supporting them and the challenges experienced by them. The proposed framework for the management of people, processes and places in the virtual workplace was subsequently derived. The framework has as aim to represent the relationship between people, processes and places components in the virtual workplace and in doing so providing a management framework supporting the virtual workplace. The people, processes and places components have been incorporated in the management, technology and practice sections of the framework, thereby providing a framework based on the relationship between people, processes and places. This study also developed the Extended Hermeneutic Circle of Learning which was used as guideline for the research conducted as part of this thesis. The deeper understanding created through the use of this research guideline assisted in providing structure to the research, thus enabling the researcher to derive the proposed framework for the management of people, processes and placed in the virtual workplace.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Informatics
unrestricted

The first aim of this work has been to analyse and understand the ways in which a group of ANC-women politicians reason about bridewealth/lobola – an institution about which they express differing views, in particular about whether or not it is oppressive to women. The main body of the empirical material is based on 27 interviews conducted in South Africa in the period 1996-1998.

One finding of the study is that there are explicit defining discourses on lobola as well as more implicitly expressed understandings. The explicit discourses make a distinction between ’good lobola’ – which is expressed in a family-related discourse as ’a bond between families’ – and ’bad lobola’ which is expressed in, for instance, an economic discourse about ’the purchase of women’. The family-related discourse is interpreted as part of a discursive strategy to create spaces for action with respect to relations of gender-related power. (Re)definitions of lobola may be used not only to counter men’s abuse of monetary lobola but also to counter ’traditional’ gender meanings associated with lobola. Furthermore, explicit discourses on lobola are interpreted as a ‘political discourse’ which is formed both in relation to pragmatic ‘political realities’ but also in relation to hegemonic Western discourses. The political discourse on lobola in connection with ‘African identity’ constitutes a discursive strategy to provide discursive space in order for ’Africans’ to be able to (re)interpret a cherished but also controversial institution.

A second aim of the study has been of a self-reflexive character. It consitutes a critique of a ‘doing gender’ theoretical perspective as well as an attempt to transcend the ‘actor/structure dichotomy’ in sociological analysis.

This study has as an objective to compare and evaluate the living conditions of two immigrant children residing in different places in Sweden. Given that immigrants often are looked upon as a social and physical vulnerable group in relation to disadvantageous socioeconomic conditions the children's lives were analyzed in relation to four public health objects. By using Runkeeper, GIS, Equipop data, time geographic material, telephone conversations and a web survey the children lives are analyzed within their activity spaces. The children formed their lives in different socioeconomic environments and adapted their lives after their conditions. The perspective on individual level can be put in contrast with studies based on society level. In relation to this the lives of these two children are observed as deviant because they showed a good health status in social and physical aspects. Some theories and hypothesis could be verified and some of these could be falsified. Keywords: Activity spaces, immigrant, socioeconomic conditions, health status.

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Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos
The Coletivo Educador de São Carlos, Araraquara, Jaboticabal e Região (CESCAR), a environmental educators´s group, is guided by the precepts of Programa Nacional de Formação em EA (ProFEA) a Brazilian environmental education program that adopts the methodology of participatory-action-research proposed by the team of Board of Environmental Education of the Ministry of Environment (MMA). The proposal adopts environmental education (EE) emancipatory, transformative and criticism, fostering networking who values the local and regional initiatives. In order to understand the process of construction of CESCAR, we chose to analyse the phenomenon "educators spaces" by the experience of people who experienced this practice. We use the Hermeneutical methodology in association with Phenomenology, as strands of qualitative research. "Educators spaces" is a recent concept that in the Programa Municípios Educadores Sustentáveis a educational program that involve sustainable cities, offered by the same team of MMA, is defined as one that stimulates collective in improving their training and in the search for viable alternatives to sustainability. We take the research on "educator spaces" as a challenge because it is a concept still under development that requires discussion and build on this theoretical issue. We have established through similarities and oppositions, a framework about some of the spaces experienced by the group of environmental educators, through the analysis of twenty-four monographs. This angle allowed a glimpse of the mosaic of images assigned to the various "worlds lived" as well as to investigate the concept in a symbolic and existential perspective.
O Coletivo Educador de São Carlos, Araraquara, Jaboticabal e Região (CESCAR) constitui-se orientado pelos preceitos do Programa Nacional de Formação em Educação Ambiental (ProFEA) um programa brasileiro de Educação Ambiental que adota a metodologia da pesquisa-ação-participante - proposto pela equipe da Diretoria de Educação Ambiental do Ministério do Meio Ambiente (MMA). A proposta adota a Educação Ambiental (EA) emancipatória, transformadora e crítica, fomentando o trabalho em rede que valoriza as iniciativas locais e regionais. A fim de desvelar e compreender o processo de construção do CESCAR, optamos por analisar o fenômeno espaços educadores pela experiência dos sujeitos que vivenciaram essa prática. Para tanto, utilizamos a metodologia Hermenêutica aliada à Fenomenologia, como vertentes da pesquisa qualitativa. Espaços educadores é um conceito recente que no Programa Municípios Educadores Sustentáveis, proposto pela mesma equipe do MMA, define-se como aquele que estimula o coletivo no aprimoramento de sua formação e na busca de alternativas viáveis para a sustentabilidade. Tomamos como desafio a pesquisa sobre espaços educadores por se tratar de um conceito ainda em elaboração que carece de discussão e acúmulo teórico sobre esse tema. Estabelecemos por meio de aproximações e oposições, um quadro sobre alguns dos espaços vividos pelo coletivo educador, por meio da análise de vinte e quatro monografias. Esse recorte possibilitou vislumbrar o mosaico de imagens atribuído aos vários mundos vividos , além de investigar o conceito numa perspectiva simbólica e existencial.

Memoria para optar al título de Geógrafo
En la presente investigación se estudia la producción social de espacios en la Región de Aysén desde una perspectiva cartográfica, durante el periodo que abarca desde el siglo XIX hasta el presente. La finalidad de este estudio es indagar si los mapas, en distintos periodos del tiempo, han influido de alguna forma en la producción social de espacios de esta región. Metodológicamente, este trabajo responde principalmente a una investigación de carácter cualitativa, la cual se desarrolló mediante un análisis de mapas desde un enfoque hermenéutico y un análisis contextual-descriptivo de estos de acuerdo a los períodos definidos en la investigación, con la finalidad de identificar y definir discursos cartográficos e imaginarios geográficos. Respecto a los resultados obtenidos, estos han permitido establecer que los mapas pueden y han sido utilizados como estrategias de producción social de espacios cuando han sido elaborados con la finalidad de instaurar una mirada o perspectiva determinada del territorio. Por lo que a partir del análisis interpretativo de mapas se ha logrado revelar una nueva forma de entender los procesos constitutivos de los espacios, permitiendo al mismo tiempo entender, proponer, reafirmar y complementar ciertas percepciones y discursos sobre el territorio de Patagonia-Aysén.
In the present investigation the social production of spaces in the Region of Aysén and Patagonia is studied from a cartographic perspective, during the period from the 19th century to the present. The purpose of this study is to investigate if the cartographic production, in different periods of time, has influenced in some way the conformation of the social space of Patagonia-Aysén. For its realization, a qualitative methodology was used, which consists in the analysis of maps from a hermeneutic approach and a contextual-descriptive analysis in relation to the periods defined in the investigation, with the purpose of identifying and defining cartographic discourses and geographical imaginaries. Regarding the results obtained, these have allowed to establish that the maps can and have been used as strategies of social production of spaces when they have been elaborated with the purpose of establishing a perspective or determined perspective of the territory. So from the interpretative analysis of maps it has been possible to reveal a new way of understanding the constitutive processes of the spaces, allowing at the same time to understand, propose, reaffirm and complement certain perceptions and discourses about the Patagonia-Aysén territory.

碩士
東海大學
建築(工程)學系
82
Part I To begin with the subjectivity which is encompassing the totality "person, existence, space", to do the ritique of the ontology and epistemology towards to the current space research. Giving the structural progress of cultural space by gathering in temporality, spatiality and meaning of bodily; along with the unseparated "local viewpoints" of geographicality and historicality, and the meaning horizon of consciousness intention. According to the needs of inter-communication in social coexistence clear the disclosure of appropriation and interpretition of "sagen- sprechen" (ontologization of language) in existentail space; provide the clues of symbols and metaphor in person's true world and the traces are used and transferred which can be the cues of applying the socail context or environmental progress. Part II Following the above "a way" of "existential space", make a try in clarifying the primary spatiality of Cala?abus village and the re-present ones explanation. First, according to the members' world-context describe the formation of the specific human conception is on the same sources, sharing, god blessing, and the secular abilities; and the understanding on men-women qualities. Secondly, accorging to the interaction presented by the society and culture that person involve in, which is on the symbol of the relationship's connection (source house--grow house) and the concept of village coexistence; and the relation with the land show the genealogy of existential space combine with the culture, land and the outside power. On the other hand, the intention of the consciousness leads the concepts of up, down, left, right and focus on the sight of the space.

Globalization has made English a pivotal language for global communication. This has increasingly made a great number of native English speakers move to Korea and teach English at all levels of education from kindergarten to university year after year. Most of them have not only little or no training as language instructors, but also little or no teaching experience. Many may wonder how they teach students with little understanding about teaching in a foreign country. At the same time, they may also surmise that they would endure many difficulties in their profession. As a faculty member working with them for over fifteen years, I have also had such questions. Especially, I was curious what conflicts they bear in their minds and how they respond to differences between Canadian and Korean culture and pedagogy. This study is grounded on the hermeneutic tradition which ultimately pursues humane lives. This hermeneutic tradition leads me to the conflicts that native English speaking teachers have experienced, to the implications embedded in the Korean and English language, and to the differences between Canadian and Korean ways of thought. While following the hermeneutic tradition, I am aware that there was little or no communication between the Canadian and Korean teaching staff, which resulted in their alienated lives and in living in a world of exclusion from their schools, disregard about their profession, and indifference from their students. The hermeneutic tradition guides me in a path toward restoring the deteriorated humane aspects of their lives as teachers. As a ground for understanding them, I attempt to define the notion of the in-between on the basis of equality and respect which are rooted in the concept of the Korean language for the in-between. This conceptual elaboration enables me to conceive that differences are not objects to exclude, to disregard, or to be indifferent, but motives to perceive the necessity to reform and to change the inequality and injustices. In this light, I propose that educational institutions allow them to participate in decision making, open a special in-service teacher training program for them, and provide them with a support system.

This study is an educator's interpretation of the transcribed testimony of four Dene witnesses to the Mackenzie Valley Pipeline Inquiry conducted by Justice Thomas Berger in the Canadian north during the mid-1970s. This study uses Calvin Schrag's (1986) notion of communicative praxis to provide a form of critical hermeneutics for the interpretation of text. Communicative praxis offers us a way to understand texts as discourse about something, by someone, and for someone. The world, the self, and the other are all displayed in any particular communicative event and thus it is in the holistic space of communicative praxis where thought, language and action interplay and are contextualized in our everyday lives. The orienting question brought to the reading of each of these texts has been "What is going on in this person's testimony?" In other words, what is this person's experience of being human, and of being Dene, and in what way is that experience disclosed through the language of their text? This piece explores who the four speakers were (the backdrop of historical circumstances as well as social practices and traditions within which the witnesses lived their lives, and in which they gave their testimony to the Inquiry), what they were saying (particularly what the speakers referenced about their lived world, as well as what they signified about the cultural, linguistic and historical tradition in which they stood) and to whom they were speaking and how they were saying it (the rhetorical moment). The speakers employed metaphor, irony, personal stories, as well as more rational forms of persuasion to call into question the morality of white people and those Western social and institutional practices which had dramatically altered the landscape of Dene lives and Dene land, and were continuing to do so. The interpretation elucidates the Dene ideal of respectfulness of "the other," a notion of the other which includes human life, as well as all living beings and the Earth itself; and a call to envision the future in terms of our children and the-yet-to-be-born. The study concludes with a personal elucidation of the pedagogical significance of the text interpretations.
Graduate

In the United States, the foundational myths of Nature are wilderness and pastoral arcadia. This dissertation examines a different kind of nature that emerges as habitats in urban wastelands and margins. This cosmopolitan community is a hybrid nature that is the unintended product of human activity and nature's unflagging opportunism, which I call marginal nature. Marginal nature is neither pristine nor pastoral, but rather a nature whose ecological and cultural significance requires a reassessment of our narratives of nature. The wastelands are unique sounding boards for measuring perceptions of nature, since these places provoke ambiguous responses of attraction and repulsion. I explore perceptions of wasteland habitat from the perspectives of urban space, urban ecology, and literature about urban nature. The primary methodology of this dissertation is hermeneutical inquiry which reveals the layers of environmental discourse concealing marginal nature beneath language that asks it to be something that it is not. This environmental hermeneutics focuses on key issues of the geography of nature: nonhuman agency, place, and nature/society hybrids. I argue that comprehending the lifeworld of the wastelands requires a reassessment of the concept of place as a coproduction of humans and nonhumans, that is, an ecology of place.
text

De tout temps, ils se sont immolés par foi et amour. Dans toutes les civilisations, leur besoin de rendre hommage à Dieu s’est exprimé par la voix de la violence et du sang, et leur besoin de s’épurer du péché et de se protéger contre les forces surnaturelles s’est manifesté par le sacrifice. Cette thématique du sacrifice qui s’est propagée dès la création du monde jusqu'à nos jours, incarne et actualise de nombreux conflits et oppositions entre la vie et la mort, l’enfer et le paradis. Les écritures sacrées nous éclairent rarement sur le rôle des femmes dans les civilisations anciennes. Les plus grands sacrifices sont généralement associés aux hommes libres. Dans les religions chrétiennes, les sacrifiés empruntent les pas du Christ et obéissent à la demande de Dieu, alors que les femmes, déchues et esclaves sont toujours associées au péché originel. Ce mémoire de maîtrise prend pour objet d’étude l’espace sacrificiel féminin et la figure féminine dans le cinéma de Lars von Trier (en particulier dans les films Melancholia (2011), Antichrist (2009), Dogville (2003), Dancer in the Dark (2000) et Breaking the Waves (1996)). Cet espace sacrificiel est analysé au fil de ce mémoire à travers une lecture herméneutique des livres sacrés, en particulier la Bible dans son Ancien et Nouveau Testament. Nous abordons des questions importantes d’aspects religieux, mythologiques et cinématographiques pour comprendre la dimension provocatrice, mythologique, iconologique, spirituelle et religieuse de ces femmes qui se sacrifient dans l’espace de ces œuvres. Nous proposons dans ce mémoire d’observer l’évolution de cette figure féminine du statut d’esclave à celui du maître, de l’image Christique à celle du diable opposant ainsi le sacrifice à la justice. Nous tentons de démontrer au fil de ce mémoire que Lars von Trier a édifié avec son cinéma et par cette représentation du corps féminin mortifié, torturé et hystérique, un véritable espace sacrificiel, mental, idéel qui sature le cadre filmique. Le corps de ces femmes se décompose, se sacrifie, meurt et se réincarne dans un autre corps, une idée, une figure biblique et dans un espace sacrificiel qui le pose comme exemple à la manière de l’image Christique. Cette analyse de la figure sacrificielle féminine von Trierienne se réalise également par le biais d’un travail de création expérimental et hybride. Des images provenant de l’histoire de l’art et du monde de Lars von Trier y sont revisitées et rejouées dans un souci d’intertextualité filmique. Le film She is Lars est une exploration personnelle de la thématique du sacrifice et un hommage au cinéma de Lars von Trier.
In all eras, they have been immolated in faith and love. In all civilizations, the need to honor God was expressed by the voice of violence and blood, the need to be purified from the sin and to be protected against the supernatural forces, was manifested through the sacrifice. This theme of sacrifice has spread from the creation of the world until today, it embodies and performs conflicts and oppositions between life and death, God and the devil. The sacred writings rarely tell us about the role of women in ancient civilizations. The greatest sacrifices were generally associated to free men. In Christian religions, these sacrificed men borrow the footsteps of Christ and obey God's request, while women, the fallen slaves, are always associated to the original sin. This research studies the female sacrificial space and the female figure in the cinema of Lars von Trier (especially in Melancholia (2011) Antichrist (2009), Dogville (2003), Dancer in the Dark (2000) and Breaking the Waves (1996)). This sacrificial space is analyzed through a hermeneutic reading of sacred books, especially the Bible in its Old and New Testament. Important issues related to religious, mythological and cinematographic aspects are investigated to understand the spiritual, provocative, mythological, iconological and religious dimension of these women who sacrifice themselves in these films. We propose in this research to observe the evolution of the female figure from the slave to the master status, from the image of the Christ to the devil, while opposing sacrifice to justice. We intend to demonstrate that Lars von Trier has built with his cinema and the representation of the female body, as dead, tortured and hysterical, a true sacrificial mental and virtual space that saturates the film frame. The body of this woman breaks down, sacrifices itself, dies and reborns in another body, an idea, and a biblical figure in a sacrificial space that poses her as an example, as the Christ image. This theoretical analysis of the female sacrificial figure is also undertaken through the creation of an experimental and hybrid film. Images from art history, other from the world of von Trier are revisited with an intertextual approach. She is Lars is a personal exploration of the theme of the sacrifice as well as an homage to the cinema of Lars von Trier.

碩士
逢甲大學
景觀與遊憩研究所
95
In modern time human kind has made great advancement, in retrospect, the simpler times of the past seem more fulfilling. Perusing “The Past” gradually becomes a common human desire. This study examines the affections evoked from experiencing different generations at the nostalgia themed museums: Taiwan-story Land. Through the nostalgic objects reflect certain periods of history, what do they mean to each generation? Do people only miss the good old days when they consuming the nostalgic space? The purpose of this study are as follows: (1) To survey and compare the evoked nostalgia affection levels that different generations have in the represented nostalgic scenery. (2) To investigate their constructed memories and reflection after they contact the scenes and objects. This study is applying qualitative research methods and hermeneutic phenomenology for analysis, and discussing the emotions and nostalgic levels based on the nostalgia patterns developed by Davis (1979), Stern (1992), Baker & Kennedy (1994), Holak & Havlena (1997). The results of this study show four distinct generations. (1) The Y Generation’s hermeneutic of affection arise from receptions through indirect experiences learned by the elder and shaped by external media, like films, TV, internet, books, and novels. (2) The X Generation, though, participated in a transition from the simulated urban to corresponding cities. (3) However, the Baby Boomers confirmed Davis’(1979) nostalgia three levels: from simple nostalgia to reflective nostalgia to interpreted nostalgia under a group interaction, their childhood is unforgettable. Their unique response to the fast-changing world is to summon the beauty of “The Past”. (4) Lastly, different from the previous three generations, the Mature Generation had lived their memorable “good old days,” and thus have enabled to immediately identify with simulated objects. This identification or acknowledgement associates with the Chiang Kai-shek era in which grouping nostalgia affection is called upon. In the four generations’ hermeneutics of affection, it was found that nostalgia allows people to escape to “The Past” quickly in order to take a break. Taiwan-story Land offers a temporary escape arena, allowing the mind and soul to flee to their virtual past with childhood memories and imagery. In the hectic daily life and unpredictable future, where people face various life rituals and role switches, nostalgia has developed to become a personal mode to turn on and off in order to preserve a restful mental state.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2009.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-06, Section: A, page: . Adviser: Wynne S. Korr. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 209-220) Available on microfilm from Pro Quest Information and Learning.

This Thesis will be focused on relationship of human and space, formed by moment of their encounter. The main aim of work is to express relation between human and space in existential dimension of their mutual formation. This process is continuous and it is embodied in hermeneutical spiral. Result of this Work is the attempt to erase subject-object therminology in the context of relationship of human and space by applying principle of historical consciousness. Concept of lived space is manifested on example of Prague city walk, in which there are human and space mutually formed as a continuously changing complex, not the separate units. Key words human, hermeneutic circle, objectivism, move, principle of historical consciousness, walk, space, subjectivism, memory, relationship

The prevalence of social media in political campaigns are changing the face of politics in the United States and abroad. The rapid pace at which this change is occurring demands inquiry into the previously unexplored area of unconventional political campaign messaging practices on social media. Investigation of Donald Trump’s use of tweets as rhetorical strategy in the discursive space of Twitter during the 2016 U.S. presidential campaign revealed a bypass of traditional media and its source verification processes. This circumventing of mainstream media channels facilitated Trump’s deployment of an unchecked ‘broken system’ narrative alleging government corruption

and a rigged system. Trump’s tweet discourses tapped into existing feelings of disenfranchisement and disaffection felt by a self-identified politically marginalized segment of society. This study

investigates how social media use in political campaigns can serve as a public sphere for contestation of social and political norms. An interdisciplinary theoretical frame comprised of Feenberg’s critical theory of technology, McLuhan’s media ecology, Fraser’s counterpublic spheres, and Iser’s implied reader offer new understandings about the power of anti-establishment discourses and a hybrid discursive space to destabilize governing institutions and redefine social and political identities. Study of Trump’s tweets as rhetorical strategy granted insights into the social and political capacity of alternative truth to undermine the political process. Further, it uncovered the power of social media to awaken and leverage existing political identities for personal political gain.

My thesis examines the nature of contemporary fictional narration and explores its relations to other types of narration - mainly texts where educational or informative function prevails over the aesthetic one. The whole work is divided into four parts. The first part is theoretical; it sets up basic areas of interest and names methods, tools and models that will be tested on selected examples from Slavonic literatures. The second part analyses spatial and temporal relations of fictional narrative. Chapter 2.1 treats time and space in a novel mostly from the compositional point of view (based on the example of Sasha Sokolov's A School for Fools), while in the next chapter, focusing on ideational interconnections between literary and social- political utopias, both fictionality and temporality are understood more broadly than mere narrative categories: they serve as certain points of connection between the immanent occurrence of meaning in the "world of text" and its historical background. The third part continues in this direction, only what we mean by context here is not the collective historical background, but an individual sphere of everyday life. Our focus switches to two genres standing on the boundary of literary fiction and non-fiction - personal correspondence and a travel journal (travelogue). The...

Summaries in Afrikaans and English
‘n Praktiese teologiese probleem is in die bediening geïndentifiseer: die man wie se vrou ‘n mastektomie gehad het, word nie pastoraal ondersteun nie. Hierdie probleem is deur middel van kwalitatiewe navorsing ondersoek. Met die kennis uit die navorsing en die literatuurstudie is daaraan die navorsingsdoelstelling beantwoord. Hierdeur is die praktiese teologie op ‘n unieke wyse verryk, deur ‘n wetenskaplike bydrae om die pastorale berader beter te bekwaam. Borskanker is ‘n lewensbedreigde siekte waarop geen man voorberei is nie. Met die verlies van ‘n kosbare liggaamsdeel van die vrou en haar behoefte aan ondersteuning van haar man, begin hy om sy ware-man wees (identiteit) te bevraagteken. Die verlies het ook trauma by die man tot gevolg. As die man deur sy emosies oorweldig word en hy nie oor die vermoë beskik om dit te verwerk nie, kan hy in wanhoop verval. Die man lewe in die postmoderne era. Die uitdagings en onsekerhede van hierdie era het ‘n bydrae tot die ontwikkeling van die “Post-foundational” praktiese teologiese benadering gelewer. Daarom het die navorser besluit om hierdie benadering in die studie te volg. Hierdeur is ‘n gesprek tussen die praktiese teologie, mediese- en geesteswetenskappe vanuit ‘n transversale perspektief moontlik, om die invloed van die mastektomie op die man te bepaal. Duidelike behoeftes en vrae kom navore wat vereis dat die berader homself sal onderskei in kennis van die onderskeie pastorale benaderings en tegnieke, toepaslike mediese, Bybel- en geestes wetenskappe. Die omstandighede waarin die man hom bevind het die bevraagtekening van sy spiritualiteit tot gevolg. Sy spiritualiteit kan vir hom van groot waarde wees. Die doel van die beradingsmodel is om die man te fasiliteer om sy ware identiteit in Christus te ontdek. Deur die genade van die Here word geloofsvolwassenheid in die man ‘n waarheid. Daardeur vind transendering ten opsigte van ‘n “bevraagde identiteit” na ‘n “identiteit van betekenis en hoop” plaas. Deur die werking van die Heilige Gees word die man op die vervulling van God se heilsbeloftes vir die nood waarin verkeer verseker. Die doel van hierdie beradingsmodel vir die praktiese teologie, is ‘n geloofsvolwasse man met ‘n nuwe toekomsverhaal.
A practical theological problem was identified in the ministry: a husband whose wife undergoes a mastectomy does not receive pastoral care. This problem was investigated through a qualitative research study. The research objective was answered by doing research and a literature study. This scientific research enriches the practical theology in an unique way so that the pastoral counsellor is supported and can be more competent. Breast cancer is a life-threatening disease that no husband is prepared for. The wife loses an intimate part of her body and needs to be supported by her husband. He starts to question his own manhood (identity). This loss is also a traumatic experiences for him. He is overwhelmed by his emotions and can fall into despair if he does not have the ability to process the problem. We live in the post-modern era. This has lead to the development of the Post-foundational practical theological approach. The researcher therefore decided to follow this approach in his study. This help to determine the influence of the disruption and uncertainties in the life of the man through a discourse between the practical theology, medical- and human science from a transversal perspective. Evident questions were raised for which the counsellor needs to distinguish himself with knowledge about the various pastoral approaches and techniques, appropriate knowledge of the Bible, medical- and human science. The circumstances in which the man finds himself raise questions about the meaning of his spirituality. Spirituality can be of great help for the husband. The aim of this counseling model is to facilitate the husband through the narrative approach to find the meaning of his true identity in Christ. Through the grace of God the husband becomes spiritually mature. The dependence on God through a process of transcendence changes the ‘question identity’ to an ‘identity of value and hope’. Through the work of Holy Spirit the husband is reassured of the fulfillment of the promises of salvation by God. The aim of this counseling model for the practical theology is a spiritually matured husband with a new future story.
Practical Theology
D. Th. (Practical Theology)