Academic literature on the topic 'Hermetical weld'
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Journal articles on the topic "Hermetical weld"
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Salzer, Thomas E. "A Low-Impedance Projection Welding Device for Large Package Hermetic Sealing." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2015, no. 1 (October 1, 2015): 000810–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2015-thp32.
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Electronic packages for medical, communications, defense, and other applications are often hermetically sealed into metal containers using projection welding. However, current projection welding machines may not reliably seal packages with weld perimeters exceeding 7.6 cm (3.0 in), and also may expel metallic particles into the package. This paper describes a novel low-impedance projection welding device that can reliably weld large packages with up to 25.4 cm (10.0 in) weld perimeters with zero weld expulsion and zero weld defects, using half the energy required by traditional machines. The device does not rely on conventional power supplies and transformers, and delivers ≫120kA of weld current while operating from standard electrical outlet (110V, 15A circuits), and requires no external bus bars or cooling system. The system architecture can be easily scaled upward to significantly increase the delivered weld current and hermetically seal packages with weld perimeters greater than 25.4 cm (10.0 in). A commercial version of this device has welded more than 1 million medical, communications, and military electronic packages with zero customer returns. Data is presented showing the weld parameters for a variety of commercial and military hermetic electronic packages.
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Salzer, Tom. "Advances in Hermetic Projection Weld Sealing." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2019, no. 1 (October 1, 2019): 000550–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2380-4505-2019.1.000550.
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Abstract In this article, we describe a novel process for hermetic projection weld sealing of semiconductor devices, considered by many to be an important legacy technology from decades gone bye, but not particularly relevant in today's arsenal of sealing technologies. We will demonstrate that with appropriate modifications to be described, this technology can used to seal various high power devices as well as high reliability semiconductors, crystals, hybrid packages, medical electronics, photonic devices, automotive electronics, etc. Its features primarily stem from the fact that it can be used to quickly and efficiently produce true hermetic seals in components. The welding is so rapid, that it is essentially a room temperature technology and the equipment is small enough that it can be housed in an atmosphere controlled chamber filled with any gas that is not explosive. Air, Nitrogen, Argon, Helium and their mixtures are the most commonly utilized gasses. The process is so adiabatic that it can be used to seal many liquids also. In some applications the technology competes against pulsed laser welding, but unlike laser welding the entire seal takes place in a few milliseconds because it is a single discharge, component-shaped spot/projection weld, which means that the entire seam is made in a single high speed discharge. So, in the same time that it takes a laser welding machine to make one of the many small overlapping spot welds required to make a seal, the projection welder has completed the entire operation. This process results in minimal stress and distortion, and maximum hermetic properties, strength and reliability, without requiring electroplating or preforms. Because the weld involves the localized high speed melting of metals, it among the highest energy density processes. A concern with the earlier resistance welding technologies has been the expulsion of particulates, both out of, and into the seal. This expulsion has been systemic and becomes progressively worse as the package size increases. In the course of this presentation we will demonstrate how this concern has been dealt with and corrected. Internal dew points can be held to −40 degrees, or lower if required. Other common applications for this technology include sealing and welding of nuts and studs for hermetic applications and sealing of devices for medical applications that must endure autoclave sterilization. In the course of this presentation, we will take you back to the roots of the original resistance welding process as taught by the early process developers so that you will understand how things have changed, and the reasons for the changes.
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Mauri, Luca, Anna Della Porta, Alessio Corazza, and Marco Moraja. "Vacuum Packaging Requirements for MEMS and Characterization Techniques." Proceedings 56, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020056018.
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Getter materials are technically proven and industrially well-implemented solutions for maintaining a vacuum inside electronic devices to assure long lifetimes and proper operating conditions. The pressure requirements of some hermetically packaged microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices, such as gyroscopes, accelerometers, infrared (IR) bolometers, and digital mirrors, are very stringent. The internal pressure can be as low as in the 10−3 mbar range. Due to the desorption phenomena of gaseous species from the internal surfaces, the vacuum inside such hermetically sealed electronic devices tends to degrade over time and, in the worst case, can affect the proper operation of the device. The integration of a special nanostructured getter film is an effective way to preserve and guarantee the performance of such devices. In addition to the getter material, there is also the need to develop and customize analytical techniques for post-process vacuum quality control and reliability checks of hermetic bonding, which are extremely important for the assessment of a device’s overall performance, lifetime, and manufacturing process yield.
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Spruk, S., M. Jenko, L. Koller, and D. Railič. "Vacuum tight laser welds for hermetical incapsulation of electronic parts." Vacuum 44, no. 5-7 (May 1993): 461–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0042-207x(93)90073-j.
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Vauchy, Romain, Pauline Fouquet-Métivier, Philippe M. Martin, Christophe Maillard, Isabelle Solinhac, Christine Guéneau, and Caroline Léorier. "New sample stage for characterizing radioactive materials by X-ray powder diffraction: application on five actinide dioxides ThO2, UO2, NpO2, PuO2 and AmO2." Journal of Applied Crystallography 54, no. 2 (March 31, 2021): 636–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576721002235.
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A new sample stage for characterizing radioactive materials by X-ray powder diffraction was developed at the ATALANTE facility (CEA Marcoule, France) using a conventional (non-nuclearized) Bruker D8 goniometer mounted in Bragg–Brentano geometry. The setup consists of a removable, fully hermetic sample stage, with a 200 µm-thick beryllium window, that can be plugged onto a glove-box, allowing the sample to be introduced in an hermetic medium that also encapsulates the glove-box atmosphere throughout the analysis process. The whole setup is thus hermetically unplugged from the glove-box and positioned on the centre of the goniometer. No preliminary decontamination and/or decontainment of the sample is necessary. The device was developed to avoid an expensive and time-consuming nuclearization of the diffractometer while also keeping it easily accessible for maintenance. Ultimately, keeping the diffractometer out of a glove-box also limits the volume of the final nuclear wastes, and thus the removable sample stage is the only `active' part. X-ray diffraction results of two NIST standards LaB6 and α-Al2O3 as well as five actinide dioxides ThO2, UO2, NpO2, PuO2 and AmO2 are presented to show the efficiency of the setup.
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Paganini, Gianni. "Hobbes's "Mortal God" and Renaissance Hermeticism." Hobbes Studies 23, no. 1 (2010): 7–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187502510x496354.
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AbstractResearch made by Schuhmann and Bredekamp has pointed up the unsuspected links between Hobbes and one of the ancient traditions best loved by Renaissance philosophy: Hermeticism. Our goal will be to proceed further and to stress the Hermetic significance implicit in the formula "mortal God". If Asclepius can act as a source for the theme of the fabrication of gods, it does not fit in with the antithesis ("mortal god/immortal God") typical of the Leviathan. A proper source for this topic can rather be found in treatise X ("Clavis") of the Corpus Hermeticum, well known to Ficino and to Iustus Lipsius. We must also stress one capital difference: whereas in the Hermetic texts man's apotheosis passes through gnosis and the exercise of the intellect, reserved in practice for a few selected people, in Leviathan on the contrary it is the holder of sovereignty who acquires the features of the "mortal god". Divinisation passes through politics, with the delicate artificial process of "generating the state"; knowledge only provides the tools for the rational technique needed to elaborate sovereignty, through stipulating pacts and the convention of impersonation. The "artificial man" as a mortal God is the apotheosis of the common man who enters into the founding pact with his ordinary intellectual and motivational faculties.
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Kamran, M., I. Afzal, S. M. A. Basra, A. Mahmood, and G. Sarwar. "Harvesting and post-harvest management for improving seed quality and subsequent crop yield of cotton." Crop and Pasture Science 71, no. 12 (2020): 1041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp20129.
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Quality seed is a prerequisite to uniform stand establishment, which contributes to higher crop yield. However, prevalence of poor-quality cottonseed with high moisture content due to suboptimal harvesting and postharvest practices is the primary reason for crop-stand failure in developing countries. The present study evaluated the effects of harvesting environment, drying method and storage conditions on seed quality of transgenic (FH-142) and non-transgenic (FH-942) genotypes of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivated in Pakistan. Both genotypes were picked three times at monthly intervals during the cropping season and subjected to a ginning process. Seed was then dried in the sun or with desiccant zeolite beads, and stored for 5 months in cloth or hermetic bags at room temperature or in paper bags at 10°C. The efficiency of storage systems was evaluated by estimating moisture content and germination potential periodically in the storehouse and later under field conditions. Both genotypes exhibited better seed quality attributes at the first picking, and zeolite beads dried seed to lowest moisture content more quickly than sun-drying. Seeds of both genotypes stored hermetically retained the lowest moisture content, maximum germination potential, and lower fatty acid contents throughout the storage period, as well as performing significantly better in the field by exhibiting early and uniform stand establishment, more fruiting branches and bolls, and higher yield. Thus, use of zeolite beads in post-harvest drying followed by hermetic storage preserves cottonseed quality for longer, and leads to improved crop growth and yield of cotton. These practices will be useful for cotton farmers in developing countries.
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Schilm, J., A. Goldberg, U. Partsch, W. Dürfeld, D. Arndt, A. Pönicke, and A. Michaelis. "Joining technologies for a temperature-stable integration of a LTCC-based pressure sensor." Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems 5, no. 1 (March 9, 2016): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-5-73-2016.
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Abstract. Besides the well-known application as circuit boards and housings, multilayer low-temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) offer a flexible and temperature-stable platform for the development of complex sensor elements. Commercial LTCC qualities are usually available with a matching set of metallization pastes which allow the integration of various electrical functions. However, for the integration of ceramic sensor elements based on LTCC into standardized steel housings it is necessary to compensate the mismatching thermal expansion behaviour. Therefore balancing elements made of Kovar® (Fe–29 wt% Ni–17 wt% Co) and alumina ceramic (Al2O3) can be used. These components have to be joined hermetically to each other and to the LTCC sensors. In this study, brazing experiments were performed for combinations of Kovar–Al2O3 and Kovar–LTCC with Ag–Cu–Ti- and Ag–Cu–In–Ti-based commercial braze filler metals, Cusil-ABA® and Incusil®-ABA, respectively. For both active braze filler metals, optimized processing parameters were investigated to realize hermetic Kovar–Al2O3 and Kovar–LTCC joints.
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Likhayo, Paddy, Anani Y. Bruce, Tadele Tefera, and Jones Mueke. "Maize Grain Stored in Hermetic Bags: Effect of Moisture and Pest Infestation on Grain Quality." Journal of Food Quality 2018 (November 4, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2515698.
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Maize (Zea mays) is an important staple food crop produced by the majority of smallholder farmers that provides household food security through direct consumption and income generation. However, postharvest grain losses caused by insect pests during storage pose a major constraint to household food security. Hermetic storage technology is an alternative method that minimises postharvest losses by depleting oxygen and increasing carbon dioxide levels within the storage container through metabolic respiration of the grains, insects, and microorganism. Maize grain was stored for 180 days in hermetic bags or open-weave polypropylene bags to compare quality preservation when subject to initial grain moisture contents of 12, 14, 16, and 18 percent and infestation by Sitophilus zeamais. The moisture content of grain in hermetic bags remained unchanged while in polypropylene bags decreased. Dry grains (12% moisture content) stored well in hermetic bags and suffered 1.2% weight loss while for equivalent grains in polypropylene bags the weight loss was 35.8%. Moist grains (18% moisture content) recorded the lowest insect density (7 adults/kg grain) in hermetic bags while polypropylene bags had the highest (1273 adults/kg grain). Hermetic and polypropylene bags recorded the lowest (0–4 adults/kg grain) and highest (16–41 adults/kg grain) Prostephanus truncatus population, respectively. Discoloured grains were 4, 6, and 12 times more in grains at 14, 16, and 18 than 12 percent moisture content in hermetic bags. Grains at 18% moisture content recorded significantly lower oxygen (10.2%) and higher carbon dioxide (18.9%) levels. Holes made by P. truncatus in the hermetic bags were observed. In conclusion, storage of moist grains (14–18% moisture content) in hermetic bags may pose health risk due to grain discolouration caused by fungal growth that produces mycotoxins if the grains enter the food chain. The study was on only one site which was hot and dry and further investigation under cool, hot, and humid conditions is required.
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Eickenscheidt, Max, Michael Langenmair, Ahmad Dbouk, Dorit Nötzel, Thomas Hanemann, and Thomas Stieglitz. "3D-Printed Hermetic Alumina Housings." Materials 14, no. 1 (January 3, 2021): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14010200.
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Ceramics are repeatedly investigated as packaging materials because of their gas tightness, e.g., as hermetic implantable housing. Recent advances also make it possible to print the established aluminum oxide in a Fused Filament Fabrication process, creating new possibilities for manufacturing personalized devices with complex shapes. This study was able to achieve integration of channels with a diameter of 500 µm (pre-sintered) with a nozzle size of 250 µm (layer thickness 100 µm) and even closed hemispheres were printed without support structures. During sintering, the weight-bearing feedstock shrinks by 16.7%, resulting in a relative material density of 96.6%. The well-known challenges of the technology such as surface roughness (Ra = 15–20 µm) and integrated cavities remain. However, it could be shown that the hollow structures in bulk do not represent a mechanical weak point and that the material can be gas-tight (<10−12 mbar s−1). For verification, a volume-free helium leak test device was developed and validated. Finally, platinum coatings with high adhesion examined the functionalization of the ceramic. All the prerequisites for hermetic housings with integrated metal structures are given, with a new level of complexity of ceramic shapes available.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hermetical weld"
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Åkefeldt, Jon. "Optimization of laser welding process : Hermetical weld between a medium carbon steel and a low carbon steel shim." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för maskin- och materialteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-62619.
Full textBooks on the topic "Hermetical weld"
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Partridge, Christopher. Occultism in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190459116.003.0006.
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This chapter explores the use of drugs in the occult milieu of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The focus is fin de siècle occultism. While it examines the significance of drug use in the life and work of key figures such as W. B. Yeats, Helena Blavatsky, and Aleister Crowley, it also looks at little-known but important occultists such as Paschal Beverly Randolph and Louis-Alphonse Cahagnet, as well as organizations such as the Hermetic Brotherhood of Luxor and the Order of the Golden Dawn. There is also some analysis of temperance discourses within Theosophy and particularly Spiritualism. Finally, there is an overview of drug use in post-Crowleyan Thelemic thought later in the twentieth century.
Book chapters on the topic "Hermetical weld"
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Jamison, Ryan D., Pierrette H. Gorman, Jeffrey Rodelas, Danny O. MacCallum, Matthew Neidigk, and J. Franklin Dempsey. "Analysis of Laser Weld Induced Stress in a Hermetic Seal." In Residual Stress, Thermomechanics & Infrared Imaging, Hybrid Techniques and Inverse Problems, Volume 9, 199–207. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21765-9_25.
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"To the Students in, and well affected unto HERMETICK Philosophy, health and prosperity." In Jean D’Espagnet’s The Summary of Physics Restored (Enchyridion Physicae Restitutae), edited by Thomas Willard, 91–93. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315860473-6.
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Tannous, Jack. "Rubbing Shoulders." In The Making of the Medieval Middle East, 431–90. Princeton University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691179094.003.0015.
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This chapter addresses how Muslims and non-Muslims lived together, side-by-side and having a shared experience. This was the case in Syria from the earliest period of Muslim rule. Arab Muslim immigrants settled in preexisting towns and cities, and al-Jābiya and al-Ramla—two well-known Arab encampments—never took off as significant places of Muslim habitation. Outside Syria, one must also remember that the garrison cities in which Arab immigrants settled were themselves not hermetically sealed off from the populations around them. The chapter then considers some of the social milieux of exchange and vectors by which Muslims came into contact with non-Muslims—milieux where, through shared settings and shared experiences, non-Muslim ideas and practices came to be taken up by Muslims.
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Chajes, Julie. "Spiritualism." In Recycled Lives, 87–107. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190909130.003.0005.
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Through reference to books and Spiritualist periodicals, chapter 4 situates Blavatsky’s early theory of metempsychosis in relation to anti-reincarnationist currents in Anglo-American Spiritualism. It also explores Blavatsky’s debt to and tension with the French Spiritism of Allan Kardec (1804–1869), arguing that her rebirth theories must be understood in light of her simultaneous reception and rejection of certain specific elements present in Anglo-American Spiritualism as well as French Spiritism. It considers the similarities and differences between Blavatsky’s ideas on rebirth and those of Kardec, the American medium Cora Scott Tappan (1840–1923), the British medium Emma Hardinge Britten (1823–1899), the American magician Paschal Beverly Randolph (1825–1875), and the occult society the Hermetic Brotherhood of Luxor.
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Kreuzer, Gundula. "Wagner’s Venusberg." In Curtain, Gong, Steam, 27–53. University of California Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520279681.003.0002.
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This chapter explicates how the opening Venusberg scenes of Wagner’s Tannhäuser allegorically anticipate the composer’s ideal of the Gesamtkunstwerk,as well as its limitations. Both the Venusberg and Wagner’s Festspielhaus in Bayreuth are removed from civilization, elevated on a mountain, hermetically closed, artificially lit, and accessible only to the initiate. By micromanaging her grotto, Venus choreographs an overwhelming medial crescendo of the sort demanded by Wagner in “The Art-Work of the Future.” The Venusberg thus illustrates the desired stage appearance of Wagner’s ideals and how to realize it: Venus is Wagner’s total director. Parallels between Venus and Wagner are reinforced by their shared personal obsessions and underlined in recent productions of Tannhäuser. However, Wagner’s Tannhäuser flees the Venusberg, with his rejection of Venus’s magic (or technologies) presaging Nietzsche’s critique of Wagner’s total medial immersion. Wagner may have intimated the unattainability of his multimedia ideals from their inception.
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Trapp, J. B. "Frances Amelia Yates 1899–1981." In Proceedings of the British Academy, Volume 120, Biographical Memoirs of Fellows, II. British Academy, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197263020.003.0025.
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When Frances Yates was elected to the Fellowship in July 1967 her qualities as intellectual historian, long appreciated internationally but within a restricted circle, had begun to be recognised as widely as they deserved. This was in large part the result of the two books she had recently published. Giordano Bruno and the Hermetic Tradition of 1964 and The Art of Memory of 1966 were then the latest in a series of studies notable for adventurous argument and scope of learning. Though they had been long maturing, the rate at which they had finally been produced and had followed each other into print was remarkable; Bruno had actually been written in well under a year and Memory in about the same time. Remarkable also is that she was already in her sixty-fifth year when the first was published and in her sixty-seventh when the second appeared. Both have had a lasting effect on the study of the European Renaissance.
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"Conscience and Catholic Identity." In Fundamentalism or Tradition, edited by Darlene Fozard Weaver, 223–40. Fordham University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823285792.003.0013.
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How does a faith community that understands morality as objective and universally valid operate in a secularized world without lapsing into moral fundamentalism? The reactive, oppositional, hermetic character of religious fundamentalism extends to a faith community’s moral convictions and commitments, disposing religiously fundamentalist communities to moral fundamentalism as well. Catholic debates about conscience illustrate internal struggles over the moral presuppositions of modernity and secularism and their import. Taking Catholic responses to the anti-LGBT attack on the Pulse nightclub as an example, Weaver argues that conscience is closely bound with personal and communal moral identity. Catholic responses to secularism and modernity involve morally freighted choices about what to emphasize, defend, and adapt; who to include, empower, or marginalize; and how to interpret internal plurality, external influences, and alternative modes of thought. Indeed, Catholic responses to fundamentalism, secularism, and modernity enact conscience, as individuals and communities decide what sort of ecclesial community the church will be.
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Golubev, Alexey. "Techno-Utopian Visions of Soviet Intellectuals after Stalin." In The Things of Life, 19–40. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501752889.003.0002.
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This chapter explores the link between material objects and the different temporalities of post-Stalinist Soviet society. The chapter looks at the productivist language of late socialism as a discursive framework that inspired and produced Soviet elemental materialism and was itself inspired and reproduced by it. Productivist language linked a vision of the grand Soviet future with technological objects and sought a rational social organization along industrial production and scientific progress. It abducted the imagery of Soviet factories, machines, vehicles, and space rockets, immersed it into the hermetic space of visual and textual representations, and used it to define, for the Soviet symbolic order, the position of the USSR at the cutting edge of technological progress. In this discourse, technologies and technological objects secured the possession of the present and future of human history for Soviet society, as well as ensured the superiority of the USSR in its competition with the Western bloc. The perceived might and transformative agency of Soviet technological objects made them affective for the Soviet public, and they became translated into distinctive discursive practices — vernaculars of the Soviet Techno-Utopianism — that sought to transform the Soviet material world but instead represented rigorous forms of self-making. In addition to affect and its politics, the chapter introduces several other key themes that are discussed in the following chapters, including the idea of making oneself by making things, which Soviet educators and ideologists understood in terms of the development of creativity, and the performativity of objects.
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McNeece, Lucy Stone. "Abdelkébir Khatibi." In Abdelkébir Khatibi, 261–78. Liverpool University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789622331.003.0012.
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Despite the considerable acclaim that Khatibi’s work has received, critics are frequently challenged to describe it. It is often considered « hybrid, » because it cannot be contained by the genres and categories of thought that we associate with Literature. I will argue that Khatibi’s work is less hybrid than « hermetic, » and that the difficulty felt in classifying or even analyzing his writing, is due to the presence of echoes and traces of archaic traditions. Khatibi devoted years of his life to studying other cultures as well as his own, finding that it was a rich fabric of varied influences, just as he found that other cultures bear material traces of many buried encounters. The influences present in Khatibi’s writing include Sufism, the traditions of Asia, such as the Tao and the Vedas, but also the esoteric sciences originating in Mesopotamia and Egypt that found their way to Greece, and which were revised and translated by Arabs and Eastern Christians. These entered into Europe from Andalusia and also through Italy, under the sponsorship of the Medicis, and contributed substantially to the revolution in the arts and sciences of the Renaissance. These cultures entertained a different relation to signs and images than that which has predominated since the Enlightenment in Europe. They also had a less binary and hierarchised conception of the world and man’s place in it. They imagined the universe as the space of a continuous transformation of diverse elements, a view opposed to that of the rational individual as master of his environment. Ostracized by the Church and the State, they remained in shadow, treated as heresies. I will try to show that many of the unorthodox traits of Khatibi’s thought and writing can be attributed to the influence of these archaic traditions, whose poetic and ethical values have much to teach us in the modern world.
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Koprivšek, Nevenska. "Mladi levi Festival, Reflections and Memories." In Focus On Festivals. Goodfellow Publishers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.23912/978-1-910158-15-9-2628.
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I have always been a little suspicious about people who have never doubted themselves. Perhaps this is because, while I am still in the whirlwind of joy and enthusiasm over a new project, I am already picturing the worst-case scenarios. This state of uncertainty normally lasts until I find something that answers each doubt and at this point I begin to see the idea as realisable. However, even I was not counting on the large number of doubters I met before the beginning of the first Mladi levi Festival in Ljubljana. “Another fes- tival?” I was asked, “But why? Don’t we already have enough? Who needs festivals and who actually attends them? After two or three years they all vanish into thin air anyway...” Not very encouraging. ”There is too much of everything already... and in the middle of the summer? You’re nuts! Nobody’s there then, the theatres are all closed...” “Well, that’s exactly why”, I answered, “because the theatres are all closed, wouldn’t that be the best opportunity? The venues are available and we can maybe borrow equipment; people get back from holidays and want to have somewhere to go, they want to spend some quality time socialising... Our festival will be different, open and not hermetic at all.” They just doubtfully shook their heads. It was by a lucky coincidence that at that time I met Irena Štaudohar. She had just left her editor’s job at Maska magazine, as I had just left the Glej Theatre. We were both disappointed by the cynicism of the Slovenia arts scene and the politics, but at the same time full of ideas about what the theatre, what a festival could be like – a space without any bad feelings, where people meet, share, learn, get to know other cultures, other landscapes, other visions, where there is room for debate, experiment and development. An open space, where making mistakes is a legitimate possibility. After all, errors pave the way to changing ourselves and the world, right? Are we capable of admitting to ourselves that as a society we have gambled and lost? Or of finding new ways of tackling the challenges of the crisis?
Conference papers on the topic "Hermetical weld"
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Baughn, Terry V., and Shea Chen. "Low Cycle Fatigue in RF Microwave Module Housings." In ASME 2003 International Electronic Packaging Technical Conference and Exhibition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2003-35263.
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Hermetic housings are required for the vast majority of electronics used in RF microwave electronics to protect the gallium arsenide and silicon devices from the environment. A common housing style includes a metal ring frame that is brazed onto a metal or ceramic base. The housing is populated with electronic devices and circuits and then hermetically sealed with a thin metal lid. For high volume manufacturing, lids are often attached by a resistance weld using a seam seal process. The interior hermitic volume is sealed at or near one atmosphere internal pressure. Since the housing may be subjected to a substantial number of pressure cycles that can yield the lid material, a low cycle fatigue evaluation is required to establish the long-term reliability of the hermetic housing. Kovar is a common lid and housing material because of a good coefficient of thermal expansion match with glass, ceramic and other materials used in RF circuitry. Unfortunately only high cycle fatigue data is available for kovar. A method is proposed to generate an estimate of high cycle end of the low cycle fatigue response from the high cycle fatigue data. The proposed method is verified by comparing a predicted fatigue life with experimental results from hermetic housings subjected to pressure cycling.
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Rimpel, Aaron, Natalie Smith, Tim Allison, and Andrea Masala. "Magnetic Bearings for High-Temperature sCO2 Pumped Heat Energy Storage." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-15747.
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Abstract Supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2)-based cycles have been investigated for pumped heat energy storage (PHES) with the potential for high round-trip efficiencies. For example, PHES-sCO2 cycles with hot-side temperatures of 550°C or higher could achieve round-trip efficiencies greater than 70%. The energy storage cycle and equipment also synergize well with other systems incorporating thermal storage and/or sCO2 power blocks, e.g., concentrating solar power. These sCO2 cycles are closed Brayton cycles whose efficiency and system cost and complexity are sensitive to leakage and makeup/recompression requirements for long-term application. Therefore, incorporating hermetically-sealed machinery is an attractive option for minimizing system leakage and improving system cost and performance. Bearings that enable hermetic machines include sCO2 process-lubricated bearings and magnetic bearings. Ongoing developments in sCO2-lubricated bearings are addressing the well-known limitations that have challenged their use in megawatt-scale machinery (load capacity, damping), yet magnetic bearings have decades of performance in commercial applications at that scale and are worthy of consideration. This paper discusses a proposed sCO2-based PHES system application, and a cycle model establishes nominal conditions that define CO2 environment pressures and temperatures that magnetic bearings would have to operate in. A sensitivity study of the cycle’s round-trip efficiency is presented to see the impact of improved compressor and turbine efficiencies, which would result from expected windage loss and seal leakage reduction from a hermetic machinery configuration compared to one using conventional oil-film bearings. The result is approximately two points of round-trip efficiency for each point of isentropic efficiency from all machines. In the nominal cycle, the highest process temperatures exist for the charge mode compressor and discharge mode turbine, which would require magnetic bearings capable of operating up to 410°C. This exceeds the capabilities of typical commercial magnetic bearings (200°C), though it is within temperature ranges demonstrated for high-temperature magnetic bearings operating in low-pressure air (550°C). However, high-pressure sCO2 presents unique challenges that require further development. The paper discusses how these technical issues can be addressed to advance magnetic bearings for sCO2 applications.
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Lowry, Robert K. "A Hermetic Package Internal Water Vapor Paradox: Nonconforming Product That Does Not Fail." In ISTFA 1998. ASM International, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa1998p0175.
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Abstract Corrosion in hermetically sealed electronic devices is a well-known failure mechanism that can occur when moisture in a sealed cavity condenses and destroys metallization by chemical or galvanic action. Early military standards imposed a 5000 part per million by volume (ppmv) limit on internal water vapor (IWV) in hermetic parts measured by mass spectrometry. In a recent product lot IWV non-conformance, 15 of 37 product lots and 56 of 369 units were nonconforming, with IWV ranging from 5000 to 32,000 ppmv. Root cause was outgassing from a non-robust die adhesive. Functionality of non-conforming units was investigated. Of 149 units selected from non-conforming product lots and lifetested under both static and 17.7V bias conditions at 2°C (assuring condensate in non-conforming units) for 2000 hours, none failed functionally. Subsequent analysis of 27 of these units found 17 exceeding 5000 ppmv IWV with one unit as high as 90,000 ppmv IWV. Despite the certainty of condensate internally during life tests, all units maintained functionality. Units were further investigated by internal visual inspection, glass integrity testing of die passivation, and SIMS analysis of internal surfaces for ionic impurities. The units passed all inspections and were free of any ionic impurities detectable to the few ppm level by SIMS. IWV is clearly a necessary precursor to, but not a sufficient condition for, corrosion failure. This paper discusses these results and proposes an alternative IWV criterion for product assurance.
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Qin, Meng, Ma Xiaoxian, Zhang Shan, Zhang Guihua, and Shen Peng. "The study of gum-like metal hydride-nickel (MH-Ni) battery hermetic seal weld on pulsed laser." In ICALEO® ‘98: Proceedings of the Laser Materials Processing Conference. Laser Institute of America, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2351/1.5059177.
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Shuaib, Abdel Rahman, Fadi Al-Badour, and Nesar Merah. "Friction Stir Seal Welding (FSSW) Tube-Tubesheet Joints Made of Steel." In ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2015-45550.
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This paper demonstrates the feasibility of successful seal welding process of tube-tubesheet joints using the relatively new friction stir welding (FSW) process. The purpose of the reported study is to develop the process parameters and to test the feasibility of friction stir welding ASTM 179 seamless cold-drawn carbon steel tube into an ASTM A516 Grade 70 tubesheet. All welds were performed in position control on a fully instrumented experimental friction stir welder using a water-cooled tool holder and a shroud for argon shielding gas. A proprietary tungsten-rhenium pin tool with a 1.54 mm pin length and shoulder diameter of 4.9 mm was used to perform the seal weld between the roller expanded tube and tubesheet. A steel plug was employed during each weld in order to maintain support for the weld throughout the circumference of the weld. Sound welds were achieved in the FSW of ASTM 179 seamless cold-drawn carbon steel tube into an ASTM A516 Grade 70 tubesheet. Welding was improved by avoiding tool contact with the tube plug or the flash of the previous weld. Though a root void has been observed, which is typical of partial penetration butt welds, it is believed that the weld would still achieve a hermetic seal. Tool wear features of the W-Re pin has also been documented.
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Fasoro, Abiodun A., Praveen Pandojirao-S., Dan O. Popa, Harry E. Stephanou, and Dereje A. Agonafer. "Die and Wafer-Level Hermetic Sealing for MEMS Applications." In ASME 2007 InterPACK Conference collocated with the ASME/JSME 2007 Thermal Engineering Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2007-33850.
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Two of the primary causes of MEMS failure are stiction of the moving microparts due to moisture from environment and particulate contamination due to the degradation of organic materials. The use of getters such as sputtered Ti and Ba to maintain a moisture free environment within the MEMS package has been proposed and is well documented. Though getters ensure a moisture free environment within the package, they do not ensure hermeticity over long periods of time. Hermetic packaging is sometimes desirable for MEMS and optical MEMS (especially those that require long shelf lives) in order to guarantee operational reliability. This paper presents a hermetic fluxless die and wafer-level sealing process with adequate bond strength, assessed using the MIL-STD-883E standard. The hermetic sealing process is achieved via 80%Au-20%Sn eutectic solder rectangular seal rings deposited around the top die perimeter via evaporation and sputtering. We chose 80%Au-20%Sn eutectic solder for sealing because of its high resistance to surface oxide film formation as a result of its high gold content thereby eliminating the use of organic materials such as flux, and at the same time, providing hermetic seal at the die bond interface. The paper also discusses the use of linear regression analysis in packaging process development for our devices. The focus here is identifying process variables that significantly affect the process using as few packaged MEMS samples as available for reliability testing due to their high cost. The process parameters investigated in this paper apply to the shear strength of the resulting die stack, and include the applied bonding pressure, the maximum reflow temperature and the dwell time at the maximum reflow temperature. Conclusions are drawn based on experimental measurements conducted at the Texas Microfactory™ at UT Arlington, and at the Bennington Microtechnology Center (BMC) in Vermont, USA.
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Espinoza Ori´as, Alejandro A., and John E. Renaud. "An Optimization Study of the Ultrasonic Welding of Thin Film Polymers." In ASME 2004 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2004-57082.
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In manufacturing industries, ultrasonic welding has established itself as one of the most effective techniques for fusing plastic assemblies due to its rapid performance and the absence of filler material. In this report, a thermoplastic polyurethane prototype of an orthopedics device that requires a hermetic seal is joined using ultrasonic welding. A robust design approach is used to study the manufacturing control factors that influence the process. The welding process factors and their interactions are used to characterize the resulting seal. Burst testing is used to assess weld strength. Optical microscopy in addition to SEM images, are used for a qualitative evaluation of the welded joint. Optimum process parameter settings from the robust design study deliver a strong and leak-proof weld.
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Dasgupta, Chanchal. "Developments in 3 Layer PE Coating for Pipeline Protection." In ASME 2017 India Oil and Gas Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/iogpc2017-2453.
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Three Layer Polyethylene (3LPE) coating for onshore pipelines have been used in India since the early 1980’s and have reached a level of maturity. The combination of Gas barrier by FBE layer and moisture barrier with mechanical and UV protection by black PE layer makes it better than either standalone FBE or 2LPE coatings. Further developments in PE materials makes 3LPE coating suitable for a design temperature range of −50°C to +90°C which practically covers all the onshore Oil pipelines in all geographies with excellent outdoor weathering resistance. It has also been possible to provide end-to-end protection with new PO Melt film technology that can give “factory applied” quality girth weld coating on site with complete fusion of girth weld coating with the parent coating, making it a hermetically sealed pipeline. This paper also discusses couple of the failure and success stories of 3LPE coating and their analysis.
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Schneider, Christoph K., Hans-J. Naucke, and Ju¨rgen M. Wolf. "Advanced Screw Pumps for Heavy Fuel Oil Conditioning Systems." In ASME 2003 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ices2003-0636.
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Failures of screw pumps in marine fuel oil conditioning systems are some of the most frequent incidents affecting a ship’s availability. In order to identify the possible reasons a systematic investigation was initiated. The result makes obvious that most of the defects are related to shaft seal failures. The respective scenarios of seal defects are discussed in detail as well as possible counter measures. However, the results finally have revealed that pump designs with mechanical shaft seals will always incur a distinct risk of breakdown. A decisive step forward in solving this problem is to completely avoid the shaft seal. The alternative technology of hermetically sealed pumps with magnetic coupling will be presented in its current state of the art.
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Coico, Patrick A., Amilcar Arvelo, Gaetano P. Messina, Frank L. Pompeo, and Donald W. Scheider. "Hermetic Encapsulation Technique Developed for the IBM Z-Server Multi-Chip Module." In ASME 2007 InterPACK Conference collocated with the ASME/JSME 2007 Thermal Engineering Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2007-33440.
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The large MCM developed to package the main processor unit used in the IBM z9 Server makes use of a novel sealing design that imparts many desirable characteristics to the module assembly process, performance and reliability. These packages consist of a large ceramic chip carrier encapsulated using a copper cooling cap and a metal sealing ring. The sealing technique not only provides the hermetic environment needed to protect the non-underfilled devices contained within the module, but also allows for easy rework of the assembly. The seal used can withstand the thermally induced stresses and strains driven by the thermal expansion coefficient mismatch between the carrier and the cap. Depending on the system requirements or application, it can do this and reliably maintain the level of hermeticity needed to protect the encapsulated devices over a thousand or more thermal cycles. In addition to this, the seal and module design must compensate for mechanical tolerances of the carrier and devices that affect the assembled condition of the module. In the z-Server module design these considerations, as well as thermal performance factors, are all taken into account. This paper will cover the various aspects of the module design, focusing on the novel application of the hermetic seal employed. The seal will be described and its design parameters will be discussed. Seal, component and module level qualification testing that is performed to insure that the assembly meets the package reliability requirements will be presented.