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Journal articles on the topic 'Heterochromatin polymorphism'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 18 May 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Sharma, Atashi, Nicholas A. Kinney, Vladimir A. Timoshevskiy, Maria V. Sharakhova, and Igor V. Sharakhov. "Structural Variation of the X Chromosome Heterochromatin in the Anopheles gambiae Complex." Genes 11, no. 3 (2020): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11030327.

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Heterochromatin is identified as a potential factor driving diversification of species. To understand the magnitude of heterochromatin variation within the Anopheles gambiae complex of malaria mosquitoes, we analyzed metaphase chromosomes in An. arabiensis, An. coluzzii, An. gambiae, An. merus, and An. quadriannulatus. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with ribosomal DNA (rDNA), a highly repetitive fraction of DNA, and heterochromatic Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) clones, we established the correspondence of pericentric heterochromatin between the metaphase and polytene X

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2

Hatsumi, Machiko. "Karyotype polymorphism in Drosophila albomicans." Genome 29, no. 3 (1987): 395–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g87-069.

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Supernumerary (B) chromosomes are present in Thai, Malay, and Burmese populations of Drosophila albomicans (2n = 6) in a polymorphic state. Although usually stable at mitosis, their numbers differed between individuals and their frequency was also different between isofemale lines and between populations. Arm 3 of the X3 chromosome was polymorphic for the presence and the size of a procentric heterochromatic segment. Chromosome 4 is polytypic for variation in length governed by differences in the amount of heterochromatin and the long variant is polymorphic for the location of its secondary co

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3

Amores, A., G. Martinez, J. Reina, and M. C. Alvarez. "Karyotype, C-banding, and Ag-NOR analysis in Diplodus bellottii (Sparidae, Perciforms). Intra-individual polymorphism involving heterochromatic regions." Genome 36, no. 4 (1993): 672–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g93-090.

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A karyotype analysis was carried out in nine specimens of the Sparid species Diplodus bellottii using conventional staining, as well as C-banding and Ag-NOR banding techniques, showing, respectively, 2n = 46 and fundamental number (FN) = 54, and scarce heterochromatic areas irregularly distributed and up to four NOR active regions that were C positive. When compared with the karyotypes of other related species, one centric fusion giving rise to a large metacentric pair and several pericentric inversions seem to have been involved in the karyotype evolution. An intra-individual polymorphism was

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4

Asamizu, Erika, Kenta Shirasawa, Hideki Hirakawa, et al. "Mapping of Micro-Tom BAC-End Sequences to the Reference Tomato Genome Reveals Possible Genome Rearrangements and Polymorphisms." International Journal of Plant Genomics 2012 (November 27, 2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/437026.

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A total of 93,682 BAC-end sequences (BESs) were generated from a dwarf model tomato, cv. Micro-Tom. After removing repetitive sequences, the BESs were similarity searched against the reference tomato genome of a standard cultivar, “Heinz 1706.” By referring to the “Heinz 1706” physical map and by eliminating redundant or nonsignificant hits, 28,804 “unique pair ends” and 8,263 “unique ends” were selected to construct hypothetical BAC contigs. The total physical length of the BAC contigs was 495, 833, 423 bp, covering 65.3% of the entire genome. The average coverage of euchromatin and heterochr

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5

Mayr, B., G. Geber, H. Auer, M. Kalat, and W. Schleger. "Heterochromatin composition and nucleolus organizer activity in four canid species." Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 28, no. 5 (1986): 744–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g86-105.

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Sequential staining with a counterstain-contrasted fluorescent banding technique (chromomycin A3 – distamycin A – DAPI) revealed the occurrence of distamycin A – 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DA–DAPI) staining heterochromatin in the centromeric regions of chromosomes 33, 36, 37, and 38 in the wolf (Canis lupus pallipes) and of chromosomes 13, 16, and 23 in the blue fox (Alopex lagopus). The red fox (Vulpes vulpes) lacked such regions. Staining with DAPI – actinomycin D produced a QFH-type banding pattern with clearcut differences in the staining behaviour of DA–DAPI positive regions between th

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6

Valente, Guilherme, Carla Vitorino, Diogo Cabral-de-Mello, et al. "Comparative cytogenetics of ten species of cichlid fishes (Teleostei, Cichlidae) from the Araguaia River system, Brazil, by conventional cytogenetic methods." Comparative Cytogenetics 6, no. (2) (2012): 163–81. https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v6i2.1739.

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Cichlids represent one of the most species-rich families of fishes and have attracted the attention of evolutionary biologists due to the rapid radiation occurring in some groups and the importance of some species in the world aquaculture. Cytogenetic analysis was conducted in 10 cichlid species from the Araguaia River, Amazon Basin, Brazil. The chromosome number was 2n=48 for all analyzed species except for <i>Laetacara araguaiae</i> Ottoni et Costa, 2009 (2n=44). Chromosomal polymorphism was detected only in <i>Geophagus proximus </i>(Castelnau, 1855), which exhibits an extra large submetace

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7

Cabrero, Josefa, and Juan Pedro M. Camacho. "Population cytogenetics of Chorthippus vagans. I. Polymorphisms for pericentric inversion and for heterochromatin deletion." Genome 29, no. 2 (1987): 280–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g87-048.

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Two different polymorphisms have been identified in natural populations of the grasshopper Chorthippus vagans. One of these involved an inversion polymorphism in the M7 chromosome and was present in two populations from Granada. In one of these, from Prados del Pinar, the frequency of this polymorphism was constant over three consecutive generations, and meiotic studies of heterozygous individuals indicated that this inversion had not effect on male fertility. The second polymorphism involved a deletion of the distal C-band of the short arm of the M4 chromosome, which was observed in three dif

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8

Taran Kyzy, Jafar Aliyev. "Value heterochromatin and polymorphic varian gene folat cycle in women with miscarried and losses of pregnancy." HEALTH OF WOMAN, no. 9(115) (November 30, 2016): 148–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/hw.2016.115.148.

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The article presents data from surveys of women of losses of pregnancy (LP) in history, conducted within the medical genetic counseling, given the urgency of specifying genetic factors that actually are in causal connection with the LP specification clinical effects of epigenetic variability. The objective: to clarify the meaning of the changes in women heterochromatin (chromosomal polymorphism) and polymorphic variants of genes folat cycle enzymes as potential risk factors and pathogenic primordial LP. Patients and methods. The study involved two groups of women: I - 154 observations with com

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9

Di Meo, G. P., A. Perucatti, L. Iannuzzi, M. T. Rangel-Figueiredo, and L. Ferrara. "Constitutive heterochromatin polymorphism in river buffalo chromosomes." Caryologia 48, no. 2 (1995): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00087114.1995.10797323.

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10

Chassovnikarova, T., Nasko Atanasov, and H. Dimitrov. "Chromosome polymorphism in Bulgarian populations of the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius Pallas 1771)." Comparative Cytogenetics 3, no. (1) (2009): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v3i1.2.

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Chromosome polymorphism in Bulgarian populations of the striped field mouse (<em>Apodemus agrarius</em> Pallas, 1771) has been described. The diploid chromosome number is 2n=48 (NFa = 54). In the karyotype of 3 specimens from the Iskar region, the presence of an additional B chromosome has been established for the first time. The autosomes are 19 acrocentric pairs, continuously decreasing in size, and 4 pairs of bi-armed chromosomes, barely distinguishable by size and location of the centromere. Specimens with 3 pairs of metacentric chromosomes were firstly described in Bulgaria for the region

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11

Buño, I., J. L. Fernández, C. López-Fernández, J. L. Díez-Martín та J. Gosálvez. "Sau3A in situ digestion of human chromosome 3 pericentromeric heterochromatin. I. Differential digestion of α-satellite and satellite 1 DNA sequences". Genome 44, № 1 (2001): 120–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g00-088.

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In situ digestion with the restriction endonuclease (RE) Sau3A (Sau3A REISD) uncovers a polymorphism for the pericentromeric heterochromatin of human chromosome 3, which can be positively stained (3+) or not (3), and has proven useful to differentiate donor and recipient cells after sex-matched bone marrow transplantation and to analyze the so-called hemopoietic chimerism. The aim of the present investigation was to obtain insight into the molecular basis of such polymorphism to optimize its use for chimerism quantification using methodological approaches other than REISD. To this end, fluore

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12

Hale, David W., and Ira F. Greenbaum. "Chromosomal pairing in deer mice heterozygous for the presence of heterochromatic short arms." Genome 30, no. 1 (1988): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g88-008.

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The pattern of chromosomal pairing was analyzed in male deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus and Peromyscus sitkensis) heterozygous for the presence of heterochromatic short arms. G- and C-banding of somatic metaphases indicated that the presence of heterochromatic short arms increased the length of chromosome 4 by 15% in P. sitkensis and that of chromosome 8 by 9% in P. maniculatus. Analysis of silver-stained late zygotene and early pachytene nuclei revealed a low frequency of unequal axial lengths in the synaptonemal complexes corresponding to the heteromorphic bivalents. All mid- and late pach

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13

Bardhan, Amit, and T. Sharma. "Sequential meiotic prophase development in the pubertal Indian pygmy field mouse: Synaptic progression of the XY chromosomes, autosomal heterochromatin, and pericentric inversions." Genome 43, no. 1 (2000): 172–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g99-080.

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Sequential meiotic prophase development has been followed in the pubertal male pygmy mouse Mus terricolor, with the objective to identify early meiotic prophase stages. The pygmy mouse differs from the common mouse by having large heterochromatic blocks in the X and Y chromosomes. These mice also show various chromosomal mutations; for example, fixed variations of autosomal short arms heterochromatin among different chromosomal species and pericentric inversion polymorphism. Identification of prophase stages was crucial to analyzing effects of heterozygosity for these chromosomal changes on th

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14

Lundgren, Rolf, Roland Berger, and Ulf Kristoffersson. "Constitutive heterochromatin C-band polymorphism in prostatic cancer." Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics 51, no. 1 (1991): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-4608(91)90008-i.

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15

Jouve, Nicolas, Carmen Galindo, Montserrat Mesta, et al. "Changes in triticale chromosome heterochromatin visualized by C-banding." Genome 32, no. 5 (1989): 735–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g89-506.

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The distribution and characterization of heterochromatin in a series of cultivars, parents, new amphiploids and progeny of hexaploid triticale were comparatively studied using C-banding and morphometric analysis. A high level of intervarietal polymorphism was detected for the banding pattern. The chromosome pairs 4A and 1R presented the most constant pattern of heterochromatin distribution among 31 triticale lines studied. A total of 126 bands have been catalogued, from which 28, 59, and 39 belong, respectively, to the A, B and R genomes. The ratio of polymorphic bands per genome was 23/28, 36

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16

Mukhopadhyay, Saswati, Sujoy Dasgupta, Kushagradhi Ghosh, and Tania Mukherjee. "Investigating the relation between chromosomal polymorphism and recurrent pregnancy loss: A cohort study." Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research 9, no. 3 (2022): 391–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijogr.2022.074.

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Chromosomal polymorphisms (CPM) are minor variation of karyotype, found in &#62;1% of the general population. Heterochromatin, the inactive part of the chromosome, shows frequent polymorphism - increase/decrease in length. Recently, studies show that heterochromatin is not inert, but contains genes essential for spindle attachment, chromosome movement, meiotic pairing, and sister chromatid cohesion. Balanced translocation in parents, reciprocal and robertsonian, can disrupt important genes, and produce gametes with unbalanced gene dosage, causing spontaneous miscarriage. To correlate betwe

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17

López-León, M. D., A. Martín-Alganza, M. C. Pardo, J. Cabrero, and J. P. M. Camacho. "Temporal frequency stability and absence of effects on mating behaviour for an autosomal supernumerary segment in two natural populations of the grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans." Genome 38, no. 2 (1995): 320–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g95-040.

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Interannual evolution of a polymorphism for a supernumerary segment in the smallest autosome of the grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans has been analysed in two natural populations. The polymorphism seemed to be stable in both populations, despite its undertransmission through heterozygous females carrying B chromosomes. Analyses of the effects of the extra segment on mating behaviour failed to show differential mating success in any sex or consistent effects on mating pattern. These results are discussed in relation to the maintenance of this polymorphism in natural populations.Key words: super

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18

Panzera, Fco, F. Alvarez, J. Sanchez-Rufas, et al. "C-heterochromatin polymorphism in holocentric chromosomes of Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)." Genome 35, no. 6 (1992): 1068–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g92-164.

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This is the first report of intraspecific variation of C-bands in Heteroptera, described in natural populations of Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), the main vector of Chagas disease in Uruguay. Marked variation in number, position, and size of C-heterochromatic bands was found in the three large autosomal pairs. A geographical pattern of this chromosomal polymorphism was observed. Evolutionary importance and epidemiological relevance are discussed.Key words: Triatoma infestans, cytogenetics, C-band polymorphism, holocentric chromosomes, Chagas disease.

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19

Chatterjee, Basanti, and P. K. Ghosh. "Constrcutive heterochromatin polymorphism and chromosome damage in viral hepatitis." Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 210, no. 1 (1989): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0027-5107(89)90043-2.

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20

Raskina, Olga, Alexander Belyayev, and Eviatar Nevo. "Repetitive DNAs of wild emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccoides) and their relation to S-genome species: molecular cytogenetic analysis." Genome 45, no. 2 (2002): 391–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g01-142.

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We have analyzed the chromosomal GISH molecular banding patterns of three populations of the wild allopolyploid wheat Triticum dicoccoides in an attempt to unravel the evolutionary relationships between highly repetitive DNA fractions of T. dicoccoides and proposed diploid progenitors of the B genome. Aegilops speltoides showed almost complete affinity of its repetitive DNA to C-heterochromatin of T. dicoccoides, whereas other S-genome species demonstrated relatedness only to distal heterochromatin. This substantiates the priority of Ae. speltoides as the most similar to the wheat B-genome don

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21

Harshini, Vemula, P. Kumarasamy, and S. M. K. Karthickeyan. "A rare chromosomal polymorphism in a Kangayam bull (Bos indicus) of south India." Comparative Cytogenetics 15, no. 4 (2021): 459–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v15.i4.71295.

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A chromosomal polymorphism was detected on karyological screening of Kangayam breeding sires prior to subjecting them for frozen semen collection. One bull possessed the chromosomal complement 2n = 60, consisting of 58 acrocentric autosomes, one large sub-metacentric X-chromosome, and one small acrocentric Y-chromosome with a small visible p-arm, which was further confirmed using CBG- and GTG-banding. This polymorphism was attributed to a heterochromatin variation of the acrocentric Y-chromosome routine in the Bos indicus Linnaeus, 1758 cattle.

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Harshini, Vemula, P. Kumarasamy, and S.M.K. Karthickeyan. "A rare chromosomal polymorphism in a Kangayam bull (Bos indicus) of south India." Comparative Cytogenetics 15, no. (4) (2021): 459–65. https://doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v15.i4.71295.

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A chromosomal polymorphism was detected on karyological screening of Kangayam breeding sires prior to subjecting them for frozen semen collection. One bull possessed the chromosomal complement 2n = 60, consisting of 58 acrocentric autosomes, one large sub-metacentric X-chromosome, and one small acrocentric Y-chromosome with a small visible p-arm, which was further confirmed using CBG- and GTG-banding. This polymorphism was attributed to a heterochromatin variation of the acrocentric Y-chromosome routine in the Bos indicus Linnaeus, 1758 cattle.

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23

Hashimoto, Diogo Teruo, and Fábio Porto-Foresti. "Chromosome polymorphism of heterochromatin and nucleolar regions in two populations of the fish Astyanax bockmanni (Teleostei: Characiformes)." Neotropical Ichthyology 8, no. 4 (2010): 861. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-62252010000400016.

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Hashimoto, Diogo Teruo, Porto-Foresti, Fábio (2010): Chromosome polymorphism of heterochromatin and nucleolar regions in two populations of the fish Astyanax bockmanni (Teleostei: Characiformes). Neotropical Ichthyology 8 (4): 861, DOI: 10.1590/S1679-62252010000400016, URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252010000400016&lng=en&tlng=en

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Hashimoto, Diogo Teruo, and Fábio Porto-Foresti. "Chromosome polymorphism of heterochromatin and nucleolar regions in two populations of the fish Astyanax bockmanni (Teleostei: Characiformes)." Neotropical Ichthyology 8, no. 4 (2010): 861–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252010000400016.

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Karyotype and other chromosomal markers as revealed by C-banding and silver (Ag) impregnation in two Astyanax bockmanni populations (Barra Seca Stream and Campo Novo River) were examined. The diploid chromosome number 2n = 50 and nearly identical karyotypes were documented. C-banding revealed heterochromatic blocks on the terminal regions of some chromosomes, with high frequencies of polymorphisms. The Ag-impregnation showed that the nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) varied in number, location and organization. Astyanax bockmanni revealed chromosome characteristics similar those of the specie

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25

González, Graciela Esther, and Lidia Poggio. "Intragenomic Conflict between Knob Heterochromatin and B Chromosomes Is the Key to Understand Genome Size Variation along Altitudinal Clines in Maize." Plants 10, no. 9 (2021): 1859. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10091859.

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In maize, we studied the causes of genome size variation and their correlates with cultivation altitude that suggests the existence of adaptive clines. To discuss the biological role of the genome size variation, we focused on Bolivian maize landraces growing along a broad altitudinal range. These were analyzed together with previously studied populations from altitudinal clines of Northwestern Argentina (NWA). Bolivian populations exhibited numerical polymorphism for B chromosomes (Bs) (from 1 to 5), with frequencies varying from 16.6 to 81.8 and being positively correlated with cultivation a

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26

Belyayev, Alexander, Elyzabeth Punina, and Valery Grif. "Intrapopulation and individual polymorphism of heterochromatin segments inTrillium camschatcenseKer.-Gawl." Caryologia 48, no. 2 (1995): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00087114.1995.10797325.

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27

Ahearn, Jayne N., and Visut Baimai. "Cytogenetic study of three closely related species of Hawaiian Drosophila." Genome 29, no. 1 (1987): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g87-008.

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Three allopatric species from the Hawaiian islands, Drosophila bostrycha (Molokai), D. affinidisjuncta (West Maui), and D. disjuncta (East Maui), are extremely similar in morphology but differ in metaphase chromosomes by the amount and distribution of heterochromatin. Their polytene chromosomes are virtually homosequential with only slight differences at the tip of the microchromosome. Each is polymorphic for one or more inversions, especially in chromsome 4. Salivary gland chromosomes of F1 larvae reared either from wild-caught females or wild-caught males mated to standard laboratory stocks

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Maffei, Eliane M. D., M. A. Marin-Morales, P. M. Ruas, C. F. Ruas, and N. I. Matzenbacher. "Chromosomal polymorphism in 12 populations of Mikania micrantha (Compositae)." Genetics and Molecular Biology 22, no. 3 (1999): 433–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-47571999000300025.

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Mikania micrantha is a climbing perennial weed of the family Asteraceae, with a vast distribution from South America to south of the United States. This species is widely distributed throughout Brazil, where it shows little morphological variation. Mitotic chromosomes of 12 populations of M. micrantha derived from several Brazilian sites were studied using Feulgen staining and C-banding. The populations included eight diploid (2n = 36 and 42) and four tetraploid (2n = 72) cytotypes. Chromosome numbers of 2n = 36 and 2n = 42 are reported for the first time for M. micrantha. These populations ha

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29

Sangines, N., and M. Aguilera. "Chromosome polymorphism in Holochilus venezuelae (Rodentia: Cricetidae): C- and G-bands." Genome 34, no. 1 (1991): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g91-003.

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Karyological analysis of C- and G-banding patterns of 44 specimens of Holochilus venezuelae revealed six distinct karyomorphs, which were designated as follows: I (2n = 44; fundamental number (FN) = 56); II (2n = 45; FN = 58); IV (2n = 43; FN = 56);V(2n = 44; FN = 58); IV-a(2n = 42; FN = 56); and V-a (2n = 44; FN = 58). This chromosomal polymorphism is interpreted as the result of (i) one or two Robertsonian changes of the centric-fusion type, originating from one member of chromosome pair 10 and one of pair 11 (in karyotypes IV and V) and two metacentric chromosomes from pairs 10 and 11 (in k

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Alaoui, N., J. Jordana, and M. Ponsa. "A centric fission and heterochromatin polymorphism in Equus asinus Spanish breeds." Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics 121, no. 2 (2004): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0388.2003.00437.x.

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Babu, Arvind, and Ram S. Verma. "Characterization of human chromosomal constitutive heterochromatin." Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 28, no. 5 (1986): 631–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g86-093.

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The constitutive heterochromatin of human chromosomes is evaluated by various selective staining techniques, i.e., CBG, G-11, distamycin A plus 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole-2-HCl (DA/DAPI), the fluorochrome D287/170, and Giemsa staining following the treatments with restriction endonucleases AluI and HaeIII. It is suggested that the constitutive heterochromatin could be arbitrarily divided into at least seven types depending on the staining profiles expressed by different regions of C-bands. The pericentromeric C-bands of chromosomes 1, 5, 7, 9, 13–18, and 20–22 consist of more than one type o

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32

Martirosyan, A., and Ilona Stepanyan. "Features of the karyotypes of Pelophylax ridibundus Pallas, 1771 and Rana macrocnemis Boulenger, 1885 (Amphibia: Ranidae) from Armenia." Comparative Cytogenetics 3, no. (1) (2009): 11–24. https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v3i1.4.

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Сhromosomal complements of <em>Pelophylax ridibundus </em>Pallas, 1771 from 9 localities (Northern, Central and South Armenia) and <em>Rana macrocnemis</em> Boulenger, 1885 from one locality (North-West Armenia) have been analyzed. The chromosome sets of <em>P.<strong> </strong>ridibundus</em><strong> </strong>collected from 8 localities showed 2n=26, (10m+12sm+4st; NF=52). A secondary constriction has been observed in all studied individuals on the 10-th chromosome pair showing NOR-positive reaction. C-positive heterochromatin blocks have been observed on long arms of the 2-nd and 10-th pairs

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RAMOS, ROSEMAR S. L., WILLIAM G. VALE, and FÁTIMA L. ASSIS. "Karyotypic analysis in species of the genus Dasyprocta (Rodentia: Dasyproctidae) found in Brazilian Amazon." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 75, no. 1 (2003): 55–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652003000100007.

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A total of 30 animals of the genus Dasyprocta were cytogenetically studied. They belong to the following species: D. prymnolopha (N=20), D. leporina (N=6), D. fuliginosa (N=1) and Dasyprocta sp. (N=3) (Dasyproctidae, Hystricognathi). Cell suspensions were obtained by peripheral blood culture, besides bone marrow and spleen cells, from D. prymnolopha and D. leporina. The diploid number was 64/65 for all samples. The karyotypes showed similarity, and chromosomal polymorphism was not detected by Giemsa conventional staining and G banding. The constitutive heterochromatin distribution at the peric

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Marciniak, Marcin, Malgorzata Lenartowicz, Aniela Golas, and Jozefa Styrna. "Correlation of Centromeric Heterochromatin C-band Polymorphism with Breeding Failure in Mice." Folia Biologica 58, no. 3 (2010): 251–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3409/fb58_3-4.251-255.

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Sentis, C., J. Santos, and J. Fernandez-Piqueras. "C-heterochromatin polymorphism in Baetica ustulata: intraindividual variation and fluorescence banding patterns." Chromosoma 94, no. 1 (1986): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00293531.

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de Oliveira, Luciene Castuera, Marcos Otávio Ribeiro, Gerlane de Medeiros Costa, et al. "Cytogenetic characterization of Hypostomus soniae Hollanda-Carvalho & Weber, 2004 from the Teles Pires River, southern Amazon basin: evidence of an early stage of an XX/XY sex chromosome system." Comparative Cytogenetics 13, no. 4 (2019): 411–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v13i4.36205.

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In the present study, we analyzed individuals of Hypostomus soniae (Loricariidae) collected from the Teles Pires River, southern Amazon basin, Brazil. Hypostomus soniae has a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 64 and a karyotype composed of 12 metacentric (m), 22 submetacentric (sm), 14 subtelocentric (st), and 16 acrocentric (a) chromosomes, with a structural difference between the chromosomes of the two sexes: the presence of a block of heterochromatin in sm pair No. 26, which appears to represent a putative initial stage of the differentiation of an XX/XY sex chromosome system. This chromoso

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de, Oliveira Luciene Castuera, Marcos Otávio Ribeiro, Gerlane de Medeiros Costa, et al. "Cytogenetic characterization of Hypostomus soniae Hollanda-Carvalho & Weber, 2004 from the Teles Pires River, southern Amazon basin: evidence of an early stage of an XX/XY sex chromosome system." Comparative Cytogenetics 13, no. (4) (2019): 411–22. https://doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v13i4.36205.

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In the present study, we analyzed individuals of Hypostomus soniae (Loricariidae) collected from the Teles Pires River, southern Amazon basin, Brazil. Hypostomus soniae has a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 64 and a karyotype composed of 12 metacentric (m), 22 submetacentric (sm), 14 subtelocentric (st), and 16 acrocentric (a) chromosomes, with a structural difference between the chromosomes of the two sexes: the presence of a block of heterochromatin in sm pair No. 26, which appears to represent a putative initial stage of the differentiation of an XX/XY sex chromosome system. This chromoso

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Küçük, Halime, Yunus Aydin, Ebru Erzurumluoglu, Muhsin Özdemir, Hikmet Hassa, and Sevilhan Artan. "The effects of a heterochromatin polymorphism in chromosome 6 on premature ovarian failure." Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction 4, no. 1 (2015): 41–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2305-0500(14)60056-7.

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Rovatsos, Michail T., Juan A. Marchal, Ismael Romero-Fernández, Maria Arroyo, Eva B. Athanasopoulou, and Antonio Sánchez. "Extensive Sex Chromosome Polymorphism of Microtus thomasi/Microtus atticus Species Complex Associated with Cryptic Chromosomal Rearrangements and Independent Accumulation of Heterochromatin." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 151, no. 4 (2017): 198–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000477114.

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The sibling species Microtus thomasi and M. atticus represent probably the highest karyotypic diversity within the genus Microtus and are an interesting model for chromosomal evolution studies. In addition to variation in autosomes, they show a high intraspecific variation in the size and morphology of both sex chromosomes. We analyzed individuals with different sex chromosome constitutions using 3 painting probes, 2 from Y chromosome variants and 1 from the small arm of the submetacentric X chromosome. Our comparative painting approach uncovered 12 variants of Y and 14 variants of X chromosom

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Cerro, A. L. del, and J. L. Santos. "Synapsis in grasshopper bivalents heterozygous for centric shifts." Genome 38, no. 3 (1995): 616–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g95-078.

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Analysis of surface-spread synaptonemal complexes of zygotene and pachytene spermatocytes was carried out on centric-shift heterozygotes of grasshoppers. These rearrangements affected the M7 chromosome in Chorthippus vagans and the M6 and S8 chromosomes in Chorthippus apricarius. The shifts in the latter two chromosomes were also associated with C-heterochromatin variations between homologous chromosomes. Rearranged chromosomes proceeded directly to heterosynapsis without an apparent intervening homosynaptic phase in M7 bivalents of Ch. vagans and M6 bivalents of Ch. apricarius. In the latter

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Vaghasia, Ketan K., Nidhi D. Shah, Parth S. Shah, Vidhi M. Bhatt, Sandip C. Shah, and Mandava V. Rao. "KARYOTYPIC ANALYSIS OF CHROMOSOMAL POLYMORPHISM IN RELATION TO REPRODUCTIVE FAILURE." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 9, no. 4 (2017): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i4.15787.

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Objective: This study was undertaken to elucidate the role of heteromorphism in causation of reproductive anomalies like infertility.Methods: In our study, cytogenetic analysis of 830 suspected referral cases of both sexes were assessed using standard karyotypic technique with Giemsa staining from their blood samples. We identified heteromorphism of D/G groups and non-acrocentric chromosomes following WHO nomenclature.Results: Our data revealed that most of our heteromorphic cases (38;4.58%) were related to p arm satellites (ps+) of the chromosomes and are related to infertility and abortion.

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Phillips, Ruth B., Kent M. Reed, and Petr Ráb. "Revised karyotypes and chromosome banding of coregonid fishes from the Laurentian Great Lakes." Canadian Journal of Zoology 74, no. 2 (1996): 323–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z96-040.

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Karyotypes of lake whitefish, Coregonus clupeaformis, and various Great Lakes cisco species, lake herring or cisco, C. artedi, bloater, C. hoyi, blackfin cisco, C. nigripinnis, and shortjaw cisco, C. zenithicus, were analyzed using Giemsa staining, C-banding, silver staining, and Chromomycin A3 fluorescence. Coregonus clupeaformis had a karyotype (2n = 80, NF = 98) indistinguishable from that described for C. laveretus from Europe, with one pair of nuclear organizer regions (NORs) on the short arms of a small acrocentric chromosome pair and a second NOR on the short arms of another acrocentric

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Solovyeva, Anna, Ivan Levakin, Evgeny Zorin, Leonid Adonin, Yuri Khotimchenko, and Olga Podgornaya. "Transposons-Based Clonal Diversity in Trematode Involves Parts of CR1 (LINE) in Eu- and Heterochromatin." Genes 12, no. 8 (2021): 1129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12081129.

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Trematode parthenitae have long been believed to form clonal populations, but clonal diversity has been discovered in this asexual stage of the lifecycle. Clonal polymorphism in the model species Himasthla elongata has been previously described, but the source of this phenomenon remains unknown. In this work, we traced cercarial clonal diversity using a simplified amplified fragment length polymorphism (SAFLP) method and characterised the nature of fragments in diverse electrophoretic bands. The repetitive elements were identified in both the primary sequence of the H. elongata genome and in t

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Kuznetsova, Valentina, Anna Maryańska-Nadachowska, and Seppo Nokkala. "Karyotype characterization of planthopper species Hysteropterum albaceticum Dlabola, 1983 and Agalmatium bilobum (Fieber, 1877) (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Issidae) using AgNOR-, C- and DAPI/CMA3 -banding techniques." Comparative Cytogenetics 3, no. (2) (2009): 111–23. https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v3i2.18.

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Males of <em>Hysteropterum albaceticum</em> Dlabola, 1983 and <em>Agalmatium bilobum</em> (Fieber, 1877) display a chromosomal complement of 2n = 26 + X, which is a basic one of the tribe Issini (Issidae). In the present study, silver staining, C-banding and a base specific CMA3 -and DAPI-banding were used with the aim of identifying possible cytogenetic markers and distinguishing between karyotypes with the same chromosome number and no detectable inter-species differences in karyotype structure. We characterized the species studied in terms of the distribution and molecular structure of C-he

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WEIMARCK, ANNA. "Heterochromatin polymorphism in the rye karyotype as detected by the Giemsa C-banding technique." Hereditas 79, no. 2 (2009): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1975.tb01486.x.

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Woznicki, Pawel, and Malgorzata Jankun. "Chromosome polymorphism of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from the River Dzwina, Baltic Sea Basin: arm length and NOR location variation of the eighth chromosome." Canadian Journal of Zoology 72, no. 2 (1994): 364–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z94-050.

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A population of Atlantic salmon from the River Dzwina was karyotyped using conventional staining and banding techniques. The chromosome number was 2n = 58, and the chromosome arm number (NF) was 74. Variation in the size of the long arm of the eighth chromosome pair was observed. The presence of constitutive heterochromatin on this arm was confirmed by C-banding. Silver banding revealed variability in the location of nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) on this arm. Four cytotypes and three phenotypes of the NOR-bearing chromosome were found. The polymorphism of the eighth metacentric pair of ch

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HIRAI, Hirohisa, Yoshinori SHONO, G. Antonieta ROJAS de ARIAS, and Isao TADA. "Constitutive heterochromatin polymorphism of a Triatoma infestans strain, a main vector insect of Chagas' disease." Medical Entomology and Zoology 42, no. 4 (1991): 301–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.7601/mez.42.301.

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Garagna, Silvia, Maria Vittoria Civitelli, Nicola Marziliano, et al. "Genome size variations are related to X‐chromosome heterochromatin polymorphism inArvicanthissp. from Benin (West Africa)." Italian Journal of Zoology 66, no. 1 (1999): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11250009909356233.

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Movafagh, A., S. A. Mortazavi-Tabatabaei та A. A. Kolahi. "The role of α-satellite DNA and heterochromatin polymorphism in leukemia patients and illicit drug addicts". Genetics and Molecular Research 10, № 4 (2011): 3999–4005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/2001.november.25.3.

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Vicari, M. R., R. F. Artoni, and L. A. C. Bertollo. "Heterochromatin polymorphism associated with 18S rDNA: a differential pathway among Hoplias malabaricus fish populations." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 101, no. 1 (2003): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000073413.

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