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Journal articles on the topic 'Heterogeneity of regimes'

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1

Meshcheryakov, Yuri, Alexandre Divakov, Natali Zhigacheva, and Boris Barakhtin. "Multiscale Deformation and Dynamic Recrystallization in Shock Deformed Aluminum Alloy." Materials Science Forum 794-796 (June 2014): 815–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.794-796.815.

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Two regimes, equilibrium and non-equilibrium interaction of shock wave and inner structure of solid are studied. The theoretical analysis of the regimes is carried out by using the concept of the meso-macro momentum exchange. As a test material for the experiments, D16 Al alloy is taken, firstly because of its initial heterogeneity in equilibrium regime of dynamic straining and, secondly, due to increasing heterogeneity in non-equilibrium regime. Shock tests of D16 Al alloy within impact velocity range of 85÷450m/sevidence that maximum dynamic strength is realized under conditions: (i) equilib
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Chocholatá, Michaela, and Andrea Furková. "Spatial Heterogeneity and Spillovers of Employment in the EU Regions." Zagreb International Review of Economics and Business 26, no. 2 (2023): 163–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/zireb-2023-0019.

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Abstract This paper focuses on the employment problem in the context of EU regions. Two main hypotheses were verified. The first hypothesis was related to the spatial heterogeneity problem, i.e., we hypothesised that relationship between the employment rate and the explanatory variables (GDP per inhabitant, educational attainment level and compensation of employees) may vary spatially. The second hypothesis dealt with the spatial autocorrelation, i.e., we assumed that the regional employment process is not isolated and that the neighbourhood of the regions also plays a significant role. As the
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Konovalov, Pavel, Daria Mangileva, Arsenii Dokuchaev, Olga Solovyova, and Alexander V. Panfilov. "Rotational Activity around an Obstacle in 2D Cardiac Tissue in Presence of Cellular Heterogeneity." Mathematics 9, no. 23 (2021): 3090. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9233090.

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Waves of electrical excitation rotating around an obstacle is one of the important mechanisms of dangerous cardiac arrhythmias occurring in the heart damaged by a post-infarction scar. Such a scar is also surrounded by the region of heterogeneity called a gray zone. In this paper, we perform the first comprehensive numerical study of various regimes of wave rotation around an obstacle surrounded by a gray zone. We use the TP06 cellular ionic model for human cardiomyocytes and study how the period and the pattern of wave rotation depend on the radius of a circular obstacle and the width of a ci
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4

Duflot, R., K. Eyvindson, and M. Mönkkönen. "Management diversification increases habitat availability for multiple biodiversity indicator species in production forests." Landscape Ecology 37, no. 2 (2021): 443–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-021-01375-8.

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Abstract Context Forest biodiversity is closely linked to habitat heterogeneity, while forestry actions often cause habitat homogenization. Alternative approaches to even-aged management were developed to restore habitat heterogeneity at the stand level, but how their application could promote habitat diversity at landscape scale remains uncertain. Objectives We tested the potential benefit of diversifying management regimes to increase landscape-level heterogeneity. We hypothesize that different styles of forest management would create a diverse mosaic of forest habitats that would in turn be
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Boulanger, Yan, Sylvie Gauthier, and Philip J. Burton. "A refinement of models projecting future Canadian fire regimes using homogeneous fire regime zones." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 44, no. 4 (2014): 365–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2013-0372.

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Broad-scale fire regime modelling is frequently based on large ecological and (or) administrative units. However, these units may not capture spatial heterogeneity in fire regimes and may thus lead to spatially inaccurate estimates of future fire activity. In this study, we defined homogeneous fire regime (HFR) zones for Canada based on annual area burned (AAB) and fire occurrence (FireOcc), and we used them to model future (2011–2040, 2041–2070, and 2071–2100) fire activity using multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS). We identified a total of 16 HFR zones explaining 47.7% of the het
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Marcoux, Hélène M., Sarah E. Gergel, and Lori D. Daniels. "Mixed-severity fire regimes: How well are they represented by existing fire-regime classification systems?" Canadian Journal of Forest Research 43, no. 7 (2013): 658–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2012-0449.

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Maps depicting historic fire regimes provide critical baselines for sustainable forest management and wildfire risk assessments. However, given our poor understanding of mixed-severity fire regimes, we asked if there may be considerable errors in fire-regime classification systems used to create landscape-level maps. We used dendrochronological field data (fire scars and tree establishment dates) from 20 randomly selected sites in southern British Columbia to evaluate two classification systems (Natural Disturbance Type (NDT) and Historical Natural Fire Regime (HNFR)) used by managers to map f
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7

Neri, Franco M., Francisco J. Pérez-Reche, Sergei N. Taraskin, and Christopher A. Gilligan. "Heterogeneity in susceptible–infected–removed (SIR) epidemics on lattices." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 8, no. 55 (2010): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2010.0325.

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The percolation paradigm is widely used in spatially explicit epidemic models where disease spreads between neighbouring hosts. It has been successful in identifying epidemic thresholds for invasion, separating non-invasive regimes, where the disease never invades the system, from invasive regimes where the probability of invasion is positive. However, its power is mainly limited to homogeneous systems. When heterogeneity (environmental stochasticity) is introduced, the value of the epidemic threshold is, in general, not predictable without numerical simulations. Here, we analyse the role of h
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8

Roos, Williamson, and Bowman. "Is Anthropogenic Pyrodiversity Invisible in Paleofire Records?" Fire 2, no. 3 (2019): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire2030042.

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Paleofire studies frequently discount the impact of human activities in past fire regimes. Globally, we know that a common pattern of anthropogenic burning regimes is to burn many small patches at high frequency, thereby generating landscape heterogeneity. Is this type of anthropogenic pyrodiversity necessarily obscured in paleofire records because of fundamental limitations of those records? We evaluate this with a cellular automata model designed to replicate different fire regimes with identical fire rotations but different fire frequencies and patchiness. Our results indicate that high fre
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9

Miller, Carol, and Dean L. Urban. "Interactions between forest heterogeneity and surface fire regimes in the southern Sierra Nevada." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 29, no. 2 (1999): 202–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x98-188.

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Fire is a major agent of spatial pattern formation in forests, as it creates a mosaic of burned and unburned patches. While most research has focused on landscape-level patterns created by crown fires, millions of hectares of forests in North America are subject to surface fire regimes. A spatially explicit forest gap model developed for the Sierra Nevada was used to evaluate the influence of surface fire regimes on the heterogeneity of forest structure and composition within forest stands. Forest pattern was evaluated for a wide range of topographic positions in Sequoia National Park, Califor
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10

Arce M., Daniel G. "The Evolution of Heterogeneity in Biodiversity and Environmental Regimes." Journal of Conflict Resolution 44, no. 6 (2000): 753–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022002700044006003.

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11

Gapontsev, V. L., Valerie M. Koloskov, and M. G. Gapontseva. "Generalization of Fisher Model for Periodically Non-Uniform Grain Boundary." Defect and Diffusion Forum 277 (April 2008): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.277.213.

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The problem of grain boundary diffusion for a case of boundary grain with periodic heterogeneity diffusion properties is considered. Dependence of Laplace transform images of impurity concentration on various diffusion conductivity places is built. The dimensionless parameters, forming the system of grain boundary diffusion regimes are determined. The space (ln x,lnt,1/T) is divided into areas in which the ratio ln ln ~ ln ln ( / ) ln eff o C r x−k t− Q RT − A is maintained, when the parameters of diffusion regime are constant. The values of parameters , , , eff o r k Q A fully specify the dif
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12

Kwon, Dohyoung. "Dynamic Factor Rotation Strategy: A Business Cycle Approach." International Journal of Financial Studies 10, no. 2 (2022): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijfs10020046.

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This study developed an investment framework to implement dynamic factor rotation strategies according to changes in economic conditions. I constructed a useful macro indicator that tracked real-time business cycles of the US economy and applied a trend-filtering method to the indicator to identify economic regimes based on the level and momentum change. I found that historical performance of individual equity factors greatly differed across economic regimes, and this heterogeneity can be exploited to build dynamic factor rotation strategies by shifting exposures toward effective factors accor
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Seguin, Charles, and David Rigby. "National Crimes: A New National Data Set of Lynchings in the United States, 1883 to 1941." Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World 5 (January 2019): 237802311984178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2378023119841780.

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Historians are increasingly studying lynching outside of the American Southeast, but sociologists have been slow to follow. We introduce a new public data set that extends existing data on lynching victims to cover the contiguous United States from 1883 to 1941. These data confirm that lynching was a heterogeneous practice across the United States. We differentiate between three different regimes over this period: a Wild West regime, characterized mostly by the lynching of whites in areas with weak state penetration; a slavery regime, found in former slave states, characterized mostly by the l
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14

Malard, Florian, Alain Mangin, Urs Uehlinger, and J. V. Ward. "Thermal heterogeneity in the hyporheic zone of a glacial floodplain." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 58, no. 7 (2001): 1319–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f01-079.

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We examined the thermal regime of surface and hyporheic waters at three kryal sites and four krenal streams within the channel network of a glacial floodplain. Temperature was continuously measured for 1 year in the surface stream and at sediment depths of 30 and 80 cm. The vertical pattern of water temperature was strongly influenced by the direction and intensity of surface water – groundwater exchanges. At sites characterized by strong downwelling of surface waters, the thermal regimes of surface and hyporheic waters were virtually identical. In contrast, inputs of groundwater substantially
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15

Su, Jiajia, Zhihua Liu, Wenjuan Wang, et al. "Evaluation of the Spatial Distribution of Predictors of Fire Regimes in China from 2003 to 2016." Remote Sensing 15, no. 20 (2023): 4946. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15204946.

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Wildfire has extensive and profound impacts on forest structure and function. Therefore, it is important to study the spatial and temporal patterns of forest fire regimes and their drivers in order to better understand the feedbacks between climate change, fire disturbance, and forest ecosystems. Based on the Global Fire Atlas dataset, three forest fire regime components (fire occurrence density, burned rate, and median fire size) were extracted for China from 2003 to 2016. Three statistical models (Boosted Regression Tree, Random Forest, and Support Vector Machine) were used to systematically
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16

Kubilay, Selin, Edurne Estévez, José Barquín Ortiz, and Gabriel Singer. "Responses of riverine dissolved organic matter to damming in two distinct hydrological regimes in northern Spain." Biogeosciences 22, no. 13 (2025): 3279–300. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-3279-2025.

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Abstract. Iberian rivers are characterized by flow regimes with high seasonal flow variation. They also host one-fifth of Europe's reservoirs for hydropower generation, irrigation, or water supply needs, and thus many rivers in this region have heavily altered flow regimes. Such flow conditions also alter the natural dynamics of dissolved organic matter (DOM), which likely has implications for carbon cycling due to changed conditions for the transformation, transportation, production, and storage of carbon. Here we looked into the effects of flow alteration on the DOM regime, i.e. the seasonal
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17

Poghosyan, Tigran, and Subal C. Kumbhakar. "Heterogeneity of technological regimes and banking efficiency in former socialist economies." Journal of Productivity Analysis 33, no. 1 (2009): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11123-009-0157-3.

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18

Green, Christopher, and Jonathan Ennis-King. "Steady Flux Regime During Convective Mixing in Three-Dimensional Heterogeneous Porous Media." Fluids 3, no. 3 (2018): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids3030058.

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Density-driven convective mixing in porous media can be influenced by the spatial heterogeneity of the medium. Previous studies using two-dimensional models have shown that while the initial flow regimes are sensitive to local permeability variation, the later steady flux regime (where the dissolution flux is relatively constant) can be approximated with an equivalent anisotropic porous media, suggesting that it is the average properties of the porous media that affect this regime. This work extends the previous results for two-dimensional porous media to consider convection in three-dimension
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19

Joubert-Van der Merwe, Lize, and James S. Pryke. "Is cattle grazing more important than landscape heterogeneity for grasshoppers in Afromontane grassland?" Journal of Orthoptera Research 27, no. 1 (2018): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.15027.

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Overgrazing is a major driver of habitat degradation, especially in southern Africa. Although grasshoppers are adapted to and benefit from natural disturbances, such as grazing by indigenous game and burning, we do not know how they respond to heavy cattle grazing, and how this response interacts with different fire regimes. We also do not know whether grasshoppers respond principally to these disturbances, to changes in the vegetation layer, or to larger landscape attributes (e.g. elevation). We addressed these questions in the topographically heterogeneous Central Midlands of KwaZulu-Natal P
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Joubert-Van, der Merwe Lize, and James S. Pryke. "Is cattle grazing more important than landscape heterogeneity for grasshoppers in Afromontane grassland?" Journal of Orthoptera Research 27, no. (1) (2018): 13–21. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.15027.

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Overgrazing is a major driver of habitat degradation, especially in southern Africa. Although grasshoppers are adapted to and benefit from natural disturbances, such as grazing by indigenous game and burning, we do not know how they respond to heavy cattle grazing, and how this response interacts with different fire regimes. We also do not know whether grasshoppers respond principally to these disturbances, to changes in the vegetation layer, or to larger landscape attributes (e.g. elevation). We addressed these questions in the topographically heterogeneous Central Midlands of KwaZulu-Natal P
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21

Kang, Zhixin. "An investigation on impacts of structural changes in stocks’ past returns on financial analysts’ earnings forecasting rationality." Journal of Capital Markets Studies 3, no. 2 (2019): 188–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcms-06-2019-0033.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to test whether financial analysts’ rationality in making stocks’ earnings forecasts is homogenous or not across different information regimes in stocks’ past returns. Design/methodology/approach By treating stocks’ past returns as the information variable in this study, the authors employ a threshold regression model to capture and test threshold effects of stocks’ past returns on financial analysts’ rationality in making earnings forecasts in different information regimes. Findings The results show that three significant structural breaks and four respect
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22

Ribeiro, Paulo Flores, Francisco Moreira, Maria João Canadas, et al. "Promoting Low-Risk Fire Regimes: An Agent-Based Model to Explore Wildfire Mitigation Policy Options." Fire 6, no. 3 (2023): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire6030102.

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Landscape patterns and composition were identified as key drivers of fire risk and fire regimes. However, few studies have focused on effective policymaking aimed at encouraging landowners to diversify the landscape and make it more fire-resilient. We propose a new framework to support the design of wildfire mitigation policies aimed at promoting low-risk fire regimes based on land use/land cover choices by landowners. Using the parishes of a fire-prone region in central Portugal as analysis units, a two-step modelling approach is proposed, coupling an agent-based model that simulates land use
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23

Frampton, Andrew. "Flow channelling and variability in transit times and tortuosity in a fractured rock model with small scale heterogeneity." Advances in Geosciences 65 (January 8, 2025): 149–58. https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-65-149-2025.

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Abstract. Transit times and tortuosity for advective particles following water flow in a three-dimensional discrete fracture network with high-resolution representation of internal fracture heterogeneity in aperture is investigated using a numerical model with a stochastic Lagrangian transport framework. The fracture network properties are obtained from field measurements and data of a deep fractured rock formation in the Forsmark site in Sweden. Different assumptions for describing the variance and correlation length used for internal heterogeneity of fracture aperture fields are considered.
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Akbar, Ruzbeh, Daniel J. Short Gianotti, Kaighin A. McColl, Erfan Haghighi, Guido D. Salvucci, and Dara Entekhabi. "Estimation of Landscape Soil Water Losses from Satellite Observations of Soil Moisture." Journal of Hydrometeorology 19, no. 5 (2018): 871–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-17-0200.1.

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Abstract This study presents an observation-driven technique to delineate the dominant boundaries and temporal shifts between different hydrologic regimes over the contiguous United States (CONUS). The energy- and water-limited evapotranspiration regimes as well as percolation to the subsurface are hydrologic processes that dominate the loss of stored water in the soil following precipitation events. Surface soil moisture estimates from the NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission, over three consecutive summer seasons, are used to estimate the soil water loss function. Based on analys
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Baker, William L. "Effect of scale and spatial heterogeneity on fire-interval distributions." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 19, no. 6 (1989): 700–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x89-109.

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The distribution of forest-fire intervals has been characterized by fitting statistical distributions, such as that of Weibull. The parameters of fitted distributions can then be used to compare fire regimes. Fire-interval distributions for the 187-year presettlement fire history record in the Boundary Waters Canoe Area, Minnesota, were analyzed using reconstructed "fire-year" maps. Distributions were determined for sampling units at five spatial scales, from about 25 000 to 400 000 ha. Fire-interval distributions varied from positively to negatively skewed, but for most units the Weibull dist
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Costa, Felipe Xavier, Jordan C. Rozum, Austin M. Marcus, and Luis M. Rocha. "Effective Connectivity and Bias Entropy Improve Prediction of Dynamical Regime in Automata Networks." Entropy 25, no. 2 (2023): 374. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25020374.

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Biomolecular network dynamics are thought to operate near the critical boundary between ordered and disordered regimes, where large perturbations to a small set of elements neither die out nor spread on average. A biomolecular automaton (e.g., gene, protein) typically has high regulatory redundancy, where small subsets of regulators determine activation via collective canalization. Previous work has shown that effective connectivity, a measure of collective canalization, leads to improved dynamical regime prediction for homogeneous automata networks. We expand this by (i) studying random Boole
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27

Copeland, Brian R., and M. Scott Taylor. "Trade, Tragedy, and the Commons." American Economic Review 99, no. 3 (2009): 725–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.99.3.725.

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We develop a theory of resource management where the degree to which countries escape the tragedy of the commons, and hence the de facto property rights regime, is endogenously determined. Three forces determine success or failure in resource management: the regulator's enforcement power, the extent of harvesting capacity, and the ability of the resource to generate competitive returns without being extinguished. The model can explain heterogeneity across countries and resources in the effectiveness of resource management, and it predicts that changes in prices, population, and technology can
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28

Niu, Ben J. "Equilibria and Location Choice in Corporate Tax Regimes." Public Finance Review 47, no. 2 (2017): 433–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091142117729434.

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This article considers the impact of preferential, base-specific taxation on equilibrium revenues. While policy makers have argued that it generates a prisoner’s dilemma result, there is mixed support in the academic literature. Using a more plausible model with asymmetric base elasticities and heterogeneity of both firms and countries, I find that preferential taxation can generate greater revenues if countries exhibit sufficient productivity and/or population asymmetry. It is also less distortionary except in cases where moving costs are fully deductible. Allowing for noncorrelated, cross-co
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Okasinski, John S., Ilya A. Shkrob, Andrew Chuang, et al. "In situ X-ray spatial profiling reveals uneven compression of electrode assemblies and steep lateral gradients in lithium-ion coin cells." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 22, no. 38 (2020): 21977–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cp04436a.

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In situ X-ray diffraction profilometry reveals radially nonuniform compression of the electrode assembly leading to large lateral heterogeneity of lithium intercalation and plating in the standard Li-ion coin cells in fast charge regimes.
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Yocom-Kent, Larissa L., Peter Z. Fulé, Windy A. Bunn, and Eric G. Gdula. "Historical high-severity fire patches in mixed-conifer forests." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 45, no. 11 (2015): 1587–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2015-0128.

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Two ends of the fire regime spectrum are a frequent low-intensity fire regime and an infrequent high-intensity fire regime, but intermediate fire regimes combine high- and low-severity fire over space and time. We used fire-scar and tree-age data to reconstruct fire regime attributes of mixed-conifer and aspen forests in the North Rim area of Grand Canyon National Park, with a goal of estimating patch sizes of historical high-severity fire and comparing them with modern patch sizes. We used three methods based on (i) aspen groves, (ii) even-aged stands, and (iii) inverse distance weighting, to
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31

Kidando, Emmanuel, Ren Moses, Thobias Sando, and Eren Erman Ozguven. "An application of Bayesian multilevel model to evaluate variations in stochastic and dynamic transition of traffic conditions." Journal of Modern Transportation 27, no. 4 (2019): 235–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40534-019-00199-2.

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Abstract This study seeks to investigate the variations associated with lane lateral locations and days of the week in the stochastic and dynamic transition of traffic regimes (DTTR). In the proposed analysis, hierarchical regression models fitted using Bayesian frameworks were used to calibrate the transition probabilities that describe the DTTR. Datasets of two sites on a freeway facility located in Jacksonville, Florida, were selected for the analysis. The traffic speed thresholds to define traffic regimes were estimated using the Gaussian mixture model (GMM). The GMM revealed that two and
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Ivanov, A. I., Zh A. Ivanova, and V. I. Dubovitskaya. "The influence of landscape conditions on the properties of soil cover of arable land on a gentle slope lake-glacial plains." Rossiiskaia selskokhoziaistvennaia nauka, no. 2 (April 9, 2019): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s2500-26272019239-43.

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In order to lay the landscape experience, the soil cover of the agro-landscape on the gentle slope of the lake-glacial plain was studied and the factors and parameters of spatial differentiation of some physical, physico-chemical and agrochemical properties were established. The different degree of differentiation of individual properties associated with the characteristics of soil-ing rocks, geochemical regimes and the nature of anthropogenic impact is established. Significant heterogeneity in the power of eluvial horizons, the degree of development of the gley process, the structural state,
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Liu, Xiaoge, Lei Xie, Yujiang Li, Bingquan Han, Zhidan Chen, and Wenbin Xu. "Role of the Nyainrong Microcontinent in Seismogenic Mechanism and Stress Partitioning: Insights from the 2021 Nagqu Mw 5.7 Earthquake." Remote Sensing 14, no. 15 (2022): 3834. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14153834.

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The Nyainrong microcontinent carries key information about the ongoing evolution of the central Tibetan Plateau. The 2021 Mw 5.7 Nagqu earthquake is the largest instrumentally recorded event inside this microcontinent, which provides an ideal opportunity to elucidate the influence of this ancient microcontinent on the seismogenic mechanisms, stress heterogeneity and strain partitioning across the Tibetan Plateau. Here, we constrain the seismogenic fault geometry and distributed fault slip using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) observations. By using the regional focal mechanism
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Brook, Barry W., and Peter J. Whitehead. "Sustainable harvest regimes for magpie geese (Anseranas semipalmata) under spatial and temporal heterogeneity." Wildlife Research 32, no. 5 (2005): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr02104.

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We developed a population model of magpie geese in the Northern Territory that considered spatial and temporal variation and related sources of uncertainty, building on previous analyses of the plausible rates of increase for this species. The model was used to explore realistic limits to recreational and indigenous harvest and to examine productive, yet risk-averse, management regimes for long-term sustainability. Harvest strategies based on a proportional off-take provided similar yields to a fixed quota system, but resulted in a reduced risk of substantial population decline. Moreover, high
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Chazette, Patrick, Alexandre Baron, and Cyrille Flamant. "Mesoscale spatio-temporal variability of airborne lidar-derived aerosol properties in the Barbados region during EUREC<sup>4</sup>A." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 22, no. 2 (2022): 1271–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1271-2022.

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Abstract. From 23 January to 13 February 2020, 20 ATR-42 scientific flights were conducted in the framework of the EUREC4A field campaign over the tropical Atlantic, off the coast of Barbados (13∘30′ N, −58∘30′ W). By means of a sideway-pointing lidar, these flights allowed us to retrieve the optical properties of the aerosols found in the sub-cloud layer and below the trade wind inversion. Two distinct periods with significant aerosol contents were identified in relationship with the so-called trade wind and tropical regimes, respectively. For these two regimes, mixings of two air mass types
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Allen, Iris, Sophan Chhin, and Jianwei Zhang. "Fire and Forest Management in Montane Forests of the Northwestern States and California, USA." Fire 2, no. 2 (2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire2020017.

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We reviewed forest management in the mountainous regions of several northwestern states and California in the United States and how it has impacted current issues facing these forests. We focused on the large-scale activities like fire suppression and logging which resulted in landscape level changes. We divided the region into two main forests types; wet, like the forests in the Pacific Northwest, and dry, like the forests in the Sierra Nevada and Cascade ranges. In the wet forests, the history of intensive logging shaped the current forest structure, while fire suppression played a more majo
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Gong, Sanqiang, Xuejie Jin, Lijuan Ren, Yehui Tan, and Xiaomin Xia. "Unraveling Heterogeneity of Coral Microbiome Assemblages in Tropical and Subtropical Corals in the South China Sea." Microorganisms 8, no. 4 (2020): 604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8040604.

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Understanding the coral microbiome is critical for predicting the fidelity of coral symbiosis with growing surface seawater temperature (SST). However, how the coral microbiome will respond to increasing SST is still understudied. Here, we compared the coral microbiome assemblages among 73 samples across six typical South China Sea coral species in two thermal regimes. The results revealed that the composition of microbiome varied across both coral species and thermal regimes, except for Porites lutea. The tropical coral microbiome displayed stronger heterogeneity and had a more un-compacted e
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Armstrong, Claire E. J., Pietro Previtali, Paul K. Boss, Vinay Pagay, Robert G. V. Bramley, and David W. Jeffery. "Grape Heterogeneity Index: Assessment of Overall Grape Heterogeneity Using an Aggregation of Multiple Indicators." Plants 12, no. 7 (2023): 1442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12071442.

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Uniform grape maturity can be sought by producers to minimise underripe and/or overripe proportions of fruit and limit any undesirable effects on wine quality. Considering that grape heterogeneity is a multifaceted phenomenon, a composite index summarising overall grape heterogeneity was developed to benefit vineyard management and harvest date decisions. A grape heterogeneity index (GHI) was constructed by aggregating the sum of absolute residuals multiplied by the range of values from measurements of total soluble solids, pH, fresh weight, total tannins, absorbance at 520 nm (red colour), 3-
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Kirkpatrick, J. B. "Collateral benefit: unconscious conservation of threatened plant species." Australian Journal of Botany 55, no. 3 (2007): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt06104.

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In Europe, the conservation of rare or threatened plant species (ROTS) largely involves the manipulation of anthropogenic disturbance regimes rather than the mitigation of human-induced threatening processes, as has been the case in Australia. In Tasmania, there are many ROTS, especially those of the depleted and stock-grazed grasslands and grassy woodlands, which survive because, unconscious of the needs of ROTS, people have disturbed land in ways that suit their life-cycle requirements. Such species are found in quarries, in borrow pits, in scrapes, on roadsides, on track edges, on old roads
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Mirakhmedova, Sevara, Amirkhan Amirkhanov, Evgenii Seliverstov, Oksana Efremova, and Igor Zolotukhin. "Daily Duration of Compression Treatment in Chronic Venous Disease Patients: A Systematic Review." Journal of Personalized Medicine 13, no. 9 (2023): 1316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm13091316.

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Background: There are no data on the daily regimen of compression therapy in patients with chronic venous disease. This systematic review aimed to establish the optimal daily duration of compression treatment. Methods: A systematic search of CENTRAL and MEDLINE was performed to identify RCTs, non-RCTs, reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and guidelines evaluating the use of compression regimens in the treatment of varicose veins. Results: Thirty-two RCTs, three non-RCTs, four observational studies, and two crossover trials reporting the duration and regimes of compression treatment ful
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41

Chiao, L. Y., and Q. Liu. "Dependence of sandpile avalanche frequency–size distribution on coverage extent and compactness of embedded toppling threshold heterogeneity: implications for the variation of Gutenberg–Richter <i>b</i> value." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 21, no. 6 (2014): 1185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-21-1185-2014.

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Abstract. The effects of the spatiotemporal evolution of failure threshold heterogeneity on the dynamics of fault criticality, and thus on regional seismogenesis, have attracted strong interest in the field of regional seismotectonics. The heterogeneity might be a manifestation of the macroscopic distribution and multiscale strength variation of asperities, the distinct regional stress level, and (microscopically) heterogeneous fault surface roughness or friction regimes. In this study, rather than attempting to mimic the complex microscale slipping physics on a fault surface, sandpile cellula
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Tewary, Vivek. "Combined effects of homogenization and singular perturbations: A bloch wave approach." Networks & Heterogeneous Media 16, no. 3 (2021): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/nhm.2021012.

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&lt;p style='text-indent:20px;'&gt;In this work, we study Bloch wave homogenization of periodically heterogeneous media with fourth order singular perturbations. We recover different homogenization regimes depending on the relative strength of the singular perturbation and length scale of the periodic heterogeneity. The homogenized tensor is obtained in terms of the first Bloch eigenvalue. The higher Bloch modes do not contribute to the homogenization limit. The main difficulty is the presence of two parameters which requires us to obtain uniform bounds on the Bloch spectral data in various re
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Nygren, Lennart, Sue White, and Ingunn T. Ellingsen. "Investigating Welfare Regime Typologies: Paradoxes, Pitfalls and Potentialities in Comparative Social Work Research." Social Policy and Society 17, no. 4 (2018): 665–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746418000167.

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The article reviews the relevance and methodological utility of welfare regime typologies for the study of professional sense-making in social work with families. Focus groups were carried out with social workers in European and Latin American countries representing four different policy regimes. A case vignette was used to elicit social workers’ descriptions of how welfare policy may influence how they understand their work task and the notion of family. The research team identified methodological challenges of general relevance in similar policy-practice studies. There were paradoxes in term
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Miller, Carol, and Dean L. Urban. "Erratum: Interactions between forest heterogeneity and surface fire regimes in the southern Sierra Nevada." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 29, no. 5 (1999): 646. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x98-188e.

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Tahvonen, Olli, Janne Rämö, and Mikko Mönkkönen. "Economics of mixed-species forestry with ecosystem services." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 49, no. 10 (2019): 1219–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2018-0514.

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The Faustmann–Hartman setup is widely established for specifying the economics of forest values besides timber, but it is criticized as restrictive for capturing diversity values. We show that extending the model to cover diversity attributes, i.e., mixed species and internal heterogeneity within species, is not enough to overcome these restrictions. Additionally, it is necessary to extend forest harvesting regimes to cover thinning, continuous cover forestry, and the management of commercially useless trees. Restrictions in the Faustmann–Hartman setup are first shown analytically with optimiz
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Lawes, Michael J., Brett P. Murphy, Alaric Fisher, John C. Z. Woinarski, Andrew C. Edwards, and Jeremy Russell-Smith. "Small mammals decline with increasing fire extent in northern Australia: evidence from long-term monitoring in Kakadu National Park." International Journal of Wildland Fire 24, no. 5 (2015): 712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf14163.

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Small mammal (&lt;2 kg) numbers have declined dramatically in northern Australia in recent decades. Fire regimes, characterised by frequent, extensive, late-season wildfires, are implicated in this decline. Here, we compare the effect of fire extent, in conjunction with fire frequency, season and spatial heterogeneity (patchiness) of the burnt area, on mammal declines in Kakadu National Park over a recent decadal period. Fire extent – an index incorporating fire size and fire frequency – was the best predictor of mammal declines, and was superior to the proportion of the surrounding area burnt
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Mysin, I. E., and A. V. Chizhov. "The Role of Geterogeneity in Synchronization of Spiking Neural Networks." Mathematical Biology and Bioinformatics 13, no. 2 (2018): 490–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.17537/2018.13.490.

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The diversity and heterogeneity of neurons and synapses is an important factor in the functioning of the brain. In our work, we investigated the role of heterogeneity of neural populations in the occurrence of synchronous modes in a network connected by exciting links in the presence of an external exciting input. Using Monte-Carlo modeling and the semi-analytical modeling the distribution of the refractory density of neuron integrators and Hodgkin – Huxley neurons, we showed that there is a range of parameters for the stimulating current and the strength of connections in the population where
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Stich, Michael, Christian Punckt, Carsten Beta, and Harm Hinrich Rotermund. "Control of spatiotemporal chaos in catalytic CO oxidation by laser-induced pacemakers." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 366, no. 1864 (2007): 419–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2007.2099.

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Control of spatiotemporal chaos is achieved in the catalytic oxidation of CO on Pt(110) by localized modification of the kinetic properties of the surface chemical reaction. In the experiment, a small temperature heterogeneity is created on the surface by a focused laser beam. This heterogeneity constitutes a pacemaker and starts to emit target waves. These waves slowly entrain the medium and suppress the spatiotemporal chaos that is present in the absence of control. We compare this experimental result with a numerical study of the Krischer–Eiswirth–Ertl model for CO oxidation on Pt(110). We
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Tiemann, Guido. "The Nationalization of political parties and party systems in post-communist Eastern Europe." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 45, no. 1-2 (2012): 77–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2012.02.009.

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Party system nationalization is a crucial aspect of political competition. The territories of Eastern Europe have often been characterized by outstanding levels of territorial heterogeneity. However, during and after World War II ethnic cleansing and forced migration resulted in more homogeneous nation states, and these trends were significantly reinforced by bureaucratic, centralized communist rule. I present a systematic empirical assessment of party and party system homogeneity or heterogeneity in post-communist Eastern Europe and will discuss some major macrosociological and institutional
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Platov, S. I., V. A. Nekit, and N. N. Ogarkov. "Improving the Controlled Cooling after Wire Rod Rolling in the Finishing Block of Stands." Materials Science Forum 870 (September 2016): 620–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.870.620.

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The thermal regime of rolling in the finishing block of stands and the cooling path after rolling largely determines the mechanical properties of the wire rod. One of the main challenges that must be addressed in the cooling design phase is reduction of temperature non-uniformity over the cross section of a wire rod. The use of adjustable cooling allows getting closer in finishing rolling mill to the regimes of the controlled rolling, thermo mechanical processing and two-phase rolling, which greatly extend the capabilities of the mill in the obtaining of high consumer properties of products. T
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