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Journal articles on the topic 'Heterogeneous fillers'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Sánchez de la Muela, Alejandro Miguel, Joana Duarte, João Santos Baptista, Luis Enrique García Cambronero, José Manuel Ruiz-Román, and Francisco Javier Elorza. "Stir Casting Routes for Processing Metal Matrix Syntactic Foams: A Scoping Review." Processes 10, no. 3 (2022): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10030478.

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Metal matrix syntactic foams (MMSFs) are advanced lightweight materials constituted by a metallic matrix and a dispersion of hollow/porous fillers. Physical and mechanical properties can be fitted regarding matrix and filler properties and processing parameters. Their properties make them potential materials for sectors where density is a limiting parameter, such as transport, marine, defense, aerospace, and engineering applications. MMSFs are mainly manufactured by powder metallurgy, infiltration, and stir casting techniques. This study focuses on the current stir casting approaches and on th

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2

Castejón, Pilar, Marcelo Antunes, and David Arencón. "Development of Inorganic Particle-Filled Polypropylene/High Density Polyethylene Membranes via Multilayer Co-Extrusion and Stretching." Polymers 13, no. 2 (2021): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13020306.

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This work is made to ascertain the effects of mineral fillers, namely calcium carbonate and talc, on the morphology and properties of multilayer polypropylene (PP)/high-density polyethylene (HDPE) porous membranes. Multilayer membranes were prepared using the three-stage Melt-Extrusion, Annealing and Uniaxial Stretching (MEAUS) process. The orientation of PP’s crystalline phase was affected by both the flow-induced crystallization and the heterogeneous nucleation promoted by the fillers. A synergistic effect was observed in the filled samples due to the generation of pores after the stretching

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3

Tumawong, Praonapa, Ekrachan Chaichana, and Bunjerd Jongsomjit. "Effect of Immobilization Methods on the Production of Polyethylene-cellulose Biocomposites via Ethylene Polymerization with Metallocene/MAO Catalyst." Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 15, no. 3 (2020): 752–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.15.3.8735.752-764.

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Polyethylene-cellulose biocomposites were synthesized here via the ethylene polymerization with metallocene as a catalyst along with methylaluminoxane (MAO) as a cocatalyst. The immobilization method in which the catalyst or cocatalyst is fixed onto the catalytic filler (cellulose) can be classified into 3 methods according to the active components fixed onto the filler surface: 1) only metallocene catalyst (Cellulose/Zr), 2) only MAO cocatalyst (Cellulose/MAO) and 3) mixture of metallocene and MAO (Cellulose/(Zr+MAO)). It was found that the different immobilization methods or different filler

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PODDENEZHNY, E. N., N. E. DROBYSHEVSKAYA, A. A. BOIKA, M. F. S. H. AL’-KAMALI, and V. M. SHAPOVALOV. "BIODEGRADABLE COMPOSITES BASED ON CELLULOSE ACETOBUTYRATE AND ORGANIC FILLERS." Bulletin Sukhoi State Technical University of Gomel, no. 1 (March 2025): 76–84. https://doi.org/10.62595/1819-5245-2025-1-76-84.

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Biodegradable composites based on cellulose acetobutyrate (CAB) and organic fillers were obtained in the form of extruded tapes. Corn starch and rice husk were used as organic fillers. It was established that in the CAB – plasticizer – starch system, starch particles are relatively homogeneously distributed within the polymer matrix, with their integration facilitated by a binder composed of triacetin and glycerol monostearate. In contrast, the composite containing both starch and rice husk exhibited a heterogeneous filler distribution. It was also noted that the obtained samples underwent bio

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5

Shilova, Olga A. "Heterogeneous Sol-Gel Systems – Derived Ceramics." Advances in Science and Technology 63 (October 2010): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.63.131.

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Heterogeneous sol-gel systems (suspensions), synthesized by mixing sols and fillers of various dispersity (oxides, minerals, etc.), are successfully used to prepare glass-ceramic coatings. Sol composition (precursor, catalyst, solvent, dopants), filler dispersity and a homogenization mode for obtained suspensions essentially influence the properties of coatings formed. Here ways of the control of properties of heterogeneous sol-gel systems (by using various dopants, additives of organic low- and high-molecular compounds, as well as ultrasound) to reach set electro-physical and mechanical chara

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6

Andrii, Plugin, Iefimenko Artem, Borziak Olga, Gevorkyan Edwin, and Pluhin Oleksii. "Establishing patterns in the influence of micro- and nano-dispersed mineral additives on the water resistance of construction gypsum." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1, no. 6(109) (2021): 22–29. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.224221.

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This paper reports a study into the effect of mineral fillers such as ground granulated blast furnace slag, microsilica, and nano dispersed alumina on the structure formation and water resistance of gypsum. The theoretical models of gypsum stone structure with mineral fillers have been built and described, taking into consideration the sign of the surface charge of gypsum crystals and filler particles. In accordance with the developed models, the fillers enable the formation of a dense structure of gypsum stone as a compositional material with a large number of electro-heterogeneous contacts.

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Plugin, Andrii, Artem Iefimenko, Olga Borziak, Edwin Gevorkyan, and Oleksii Pluhin. "Establishing patterns in the influence of micro- and nano-dispersed mineral additives on the water resistance of construction gypsum." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1, no. 6 (109) (2021): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.224221.

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This paper reports a study into the effect of mineral fillers such as ground granulated blast furnace slag, microsilica, and nano dispersed alumina on the structure formation and water resistance of gypsum. The theoretical models of gypsum stone structure with mineral fillers have been built and described, taking into consideration the sign of the surface charge of gypsum crystals and filler particles. In accordance with the developed models, the fillers enable the formation of a dense structure of gypsum stone as a compositional material with a large number of electro-heterogeneous contacts.

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8

Reznichenko, D. S., and I. D. Simonov-Emelyanov. "Construction of a heterogeneous structure from dispersed filler particles in the form of lattices to create filled polymer materials." Plasticheskie massy, no. 2 (May 7, 2025): 10–15. https://doi.org/10.35164/0554-2901-2025-02-10-15.

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The paper deals with fundamental regularities of constructing a heterogeneous structure of filler with different types of lattices and structures for creating disperse-filled polymer composite materials (DFPCM) with specified properties. For the first time, the basic principles of designing DFPCM compositions with a given type of heterogeneous structure of dispersed filler (lattice) are presented at the quantitative level. It is shown that the design of all DFPCM compositions should start with the most dense packing of the filler in space, which is determined experimentally for dispersed fille

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9

Aulin, Viktor, Andrey Hrinkiv, Serhii Lysenko, Oleksandr Livitskyi, and Andrii Babii0000-0001-6198-0100. "Regularities of Influence of High-modulus Fillers on the Distribution of Stress Fields in the Surface Layers of Machine Parts Made of Polymer Composite Materials." Central Ukrainian Scientific Bulletin. Technical Sciences 1, no. 5(36) (2022): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.32515/2664-262x.2022.5(36).1.55-70.

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In this paper, based on computer simulation of contact interaction of conjugations of samples (parts) loaded with friction, the main changes in the distribution of stress fields in the contact regions of homogeneous and heterogeneous (composite) polymeric materials are revealed. Stress fields were investigated under both static and dynamic load conditions. The focus was on identifying areas with maximum tangential stresses , their configuration and depth. The theory of N.P. Suh, which concerns the origin of destructive processes in the materials of samples and parts, is initiated by the presen

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10

Polak, Daniel, and Maciej Szwast. "Material and Process Tests of Heterogeneous Membranes Containing ZIF-8, SiO2 and POSS-Ph." Materials 15, no. 18 (2022): 6455. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15186455.

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Heterogeneous membranes made of a polymer matrix and containing nano-metric fillers in their structure may present improved physicochemical and process properties compared to homogeneous membranes made only of polymer materials. Membranes made of a PEBAX®2533 block copolymer were tested with fillers such as ZIF-8, SiO2 and POSS-Ph being dosed to them. The material analysis and process tests indicate that these nanomaterials can be used as fillers for heterogeneous membranes. Chemometric analyses determined the influence of individual fillers on selected physicochemical properties of the materi

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11

Hausmann, K., and R. Chou. "Additives with Dual Function - Acrylate Ester Copolymers as Modifiers for Engineering Polymers and as Carrier Resin for Masterbatches." Polymers and Polymer Composites 11, no. 2 (2003): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739110301100204.

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Additives are generally perceived to improve product properties. Depending on the end use this polymeric additives can be used as impact modifiers, coupling agents or compatibilisers. In this paper a family of ethylene copolymers is described which are characterised through a very heterogeneous molecular architecture and thus an enhanced compatibility with other polymers and fillers. This allows them to fulfil two functions: they can be used as compatibiliser or impact modifier, but due to their high filler acceptance they are also useful as a carrier resin for masterbatches

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12

Zhang, Qimei, Jian Cui, Shuai Zhao, Guangfa Zhang, Ailin Gao, and Yehai Yan. "Development of Electromagnetic-Wave-Shielding Polyvinylidene Fluoride–Ti3C2Tx MXene–Carbon Nanotube Composites by Improving Impedance Matching and Conductivity." Nanomaterials 13, no. 3 (2023): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13030417.

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Absorption-dominated electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding is attained by improving impedance matching and conductivity through structural design. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)–Ti3C2Tx MXene–single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) composites with layered heterogeneous conductive fillers and segregated structures were prepared through electrostatic flocculation and hot pressing of the PVDF composite microsphere-coated MXene and SWCNTs in a layer-by-layer fashion. Results suggest that the heterogeneous fillers improve impedance matching and layered coating, and hot compression allows the

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13

Lapra, A., F. Clément, L. Bokobza, and L. Monnerie. "Straining Effects in Silica-Filled Elastomers Investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy: From Macroscopic Stretching to Nanoscale Strainfield." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 76, no. 1 (2003): 60–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3547741.

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Abstract Understanding the way fillers can reinforce elastomers requires, among other things, requires a precise description of the behavior of filler aggregates when a macroscopic strain is applied. In this study, Atomic Force Microscopy was used to investigate samples of SBR and PDMS filled with silica. The samples were stretched uniaxially at different strain values (up to 145%) and imaged by Atomic Force Microscopy. The distances between aggregates were followed at the different strains, which allowed calculation of the local strains and comparison of the values obtained with the macroscop

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14

Hennecke, Inga, and Wiltrud Mihatsch. "Between placeholder and filler." Pragmatics and Cognition 29, no. 2 (2022): 297–323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.22003.hen.

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Abstract French truc and machin (‘thing’) can function as placeholders, fillers or in general extender constructions. The aim of our paper is to investigate whether the prosodic characteristics of these three different uses may give a clue as to their respective status. For our analysis, we extracted 112 occurrences of truc and 57 occurrences of machin from the audio data of the PFC Corpus, which were analysed using Praat, focusing on the acoustic duration, the individual pitch contour and the integration of machin and truc into the intonation contour of the utterance. As in previous studies,

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15

Hammi, Maryama. "Surface and Interface Investigations of Matrix–Fillers in Heterogeneous Amorphous Semiconductors." ACS Omega 6, no. 49 (2021): 34075–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c05314.

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16

Miryuk, O. A. "COMPUTER MODELING OF PROPERTIES OF A COMPOSITE MATERIAL WITH POROUS FILLERS." Eurasian Physical Technical Journal 20, no. 1(43) (2023): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2023no1/56-64.

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The article is devoted to forecasting of heat-shielding and mechanical properties of composite materials based on porous fillers.Analytical dependencies for determining the thermal conductivity coefficient of materials of homogeneous and heterogeneous structure are given. Based on the finite element method, there has been developed a method for numerical determination of the thermal conductivity coefficient of composite materials with a variotropic structure.The results of computer studies are in line with the dependences obtained on analytical models. The expediency of using multilayer compos

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17

Dayyoub, Tarek, Aleksey Maksimkin, Sergey Kaloshkin, et al. "The Structure and Mechanical Properties of the UHMWPE Films Modified by the Mixture of Graphene Nanoplates with Polyaniline." Polymers 11, no. 1 (2018): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11010023.

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Highly oriented UHMWPE films were reinforced with functionalized graphene nanoplates (GNP). GNP was functionalized by deposition of polyaniline (PANI) on the GNP surface. The structure of GNP/PANI was studied by Raman spectroscopy, and the structure of xerogels and films based on UHMWPE was studied by DSC and SEM. PANI promotes the reduction of the GNP aggregation in the UHMWPE matrix and increases the degree of crystallinity due to heterogeneous crystallization. The new lamellar crystal structure has a high drawability. The highest value of the tensile strength 1330 MPa (an increase of 45%) w

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18

Kytsya, A. R., L. I. Bazylyak, A. L. Zirka, et al. "Nickel-containing composite material for electromagnetic radiation shielding." Physicochemical Mechanics of Materials 61, no. 2 (2025): 95–102. https://doi.org/10.15407/pcmm2025.02.095.

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Nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) were synthesized via the reducing of nickel ions with hydra-zine in an alkaline solution of ethylene glycol under different conditions. It was found that under the conditions of homogeneous nucleation the obtained NiNPs are irregular in shape and form continuous linear agglomerates with a length of 1.5–3.5 micrometres, and contrary, under the conditions of heterogeneous nucleation monodisperse nanopowders with average particles diameter of 180±40 nm are formed. NiNPs were used as fillers for the preparation of electroconductive nickel-containing polymer composite m

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19

El-Ghaoui, Chatelain, Ouellet-Plamondon, and Mathieu. "Effects of Nano Organoclay and Wax on the Machining Temperature and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics (CFRP)." Journal of Composites Science 3, no. 3 (2019): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs3030085.

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Carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) are appreciated for their high mechanical properties and lightness. Due to their heterogeneous nature, CFRP machining remains delicate. Damages are caused on the material and early tool wear occurs. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of fillers on CFRP machinability and mechanical behavior. CFRP laminates were fabricated by the vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process, using a modified epoxy resin. Three fillers (organoclay, hydrocarbon wax, and wetting agent) were mixed with the resin prior to the laminate infusion. Milling tes

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20

Wang, Xiaojian, Honghong Li, Yuanyuan Zhang, Xinru Fu, and Simin Huang. "Thermal conductivity of composites with heterogeneous fillers under effects of interface thermal resistance." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 231 (October 2024): 125840. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.125840.

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21

Ponomarenko, Anatoliy T., Oleg Figovsky, and Vitaliy G. Shevchenko. "Multifunctional Polymer Composites for "Intellectual" Structures: Present State, Problems, Future." Advanced Materials Research 47-50 (June 2008): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.47-50.81.

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Strategy of the synthesis of multifunctional materials is developed on the basis of physical properties of composites, composition of fillers, the type of polymer matrix and distribution of ingredients in composite. Each of these factors is displayed in material in different extent depending on technological parameters of processing, and also properties and interaction of fillers in particular conditions. In homogeneous and, in particular in heterogeneous systems, such as metals and alloys, ferro - and ferrimagnetics, ferroelectrics, ferroelectromagnetics, polymer and ceramic matrix composites

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22

Murphy, Lawrence J., Elena Khmelnitskaia, Meng-Jiao Wang, and Khaled Mahmud. "Carbon—Silica Dual Phase Filler: Part IV. Surface Chemistry." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 71, no. 5 (1998): 1015–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538507.

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Abstract A method for estimating the amount of functional groups on the carbon—silica dual phase fillers (CSDPF) available to react with organosilane coupling agents is reported. The method employs trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) as an analytical probe, and involves equilibrating the samples with TMCS in toluene. The amount of TMCS that reacts with the surface functional groups is obtained by monitoring the concentration of reactants and products of the reaction by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry. The amount of TMCS reacted with the fillers' surface functional groups is compared to the pH, a

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23

TISMANAR, IOANA, and ANCA DUTA. "Vis-active photocatalytic composite thin films for advanced wastewater treatment." Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation 7, no. 2 (2022): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2022.7.2.193.

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Conventional wastewater treatment processes are preparing the water for discharge thus it still contains small amounts of pollutants. For re-use, advanced wastewater treatment is required and heterogeneous photocatalysis represent a viable path for removing organic pollutants at very low concentrations but still above the discharge limit. The mostly investigated photocatalyst is TiO2 that is a wide band gap semiconductor that can be activated only using UV radiation. However, for large-scale implementation of advanced wastewater treatment, there are required efficient and affordable processes,

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24

Mamunya, Ye P. "Polymer blends with ordered distribution of conductive filler." Polymer journal 43, no. 4 (2021): 240–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/polymerj.43.04.240.

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This review highlight approaches to the formation of an ordered distribution of conductive filler in polymer blends. This distribution leads to a significant decrease of the percolation threshold in the polymer mixture, i.e. to a decrease in the critical concentration of the filler, at which the transition of the system from a non-conductive to a conductive state occurs. This improves the mechanical properties of the composition and its processability. It is shown that the ordered structure of the filler is formed in the polymer blend upon mixing the components in the melt under the action of

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25

Gerasimova, Lidia G., Marina V. Maslova, and Ekaterina S. Shchukina. "Mineral Layer Fillers for the Production of Functional Materials." Materials 14, no. 12 (2021): 3369. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123369.

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An original method based on the use of technogenic waste from the processing of mineral-layered materials, in particular phlogopite for obtaining highly efficient functional compositions of the “mica-TiO2”, has been developed. The composition core is a nanosized mica flake coated with mesoporous titanium dioxide of an anatase or rutile structure. Energy-saving and environmentally friendly technological methods are based on the splitting of the mica followed by heterogeneous electrohydrolysis of a mixture of titanium (IV) sulfate solution and flake particles. No destruction of the mica surface,

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26

Wen, XueMei, ZaoZao Xiao, Tao Jiang, et al. "Constructing Novel Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Composites through a Biomimetic Approach: Connecting Glass Fiber with Nanosized Boron Nitride by Polydopamine Coating." Journal of Nanomaterials 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/470583.

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A biomimetic method was developed to construct novel fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) composites. By mimicking mussel adhesive proteins, a monolayer of polydopamine was coated on glass fiber (GF) surface. The polydopamine-treated GF (D-GF) adsorbed boron nitride (BN) nanoparticles, while obtaining micronano multiscale hybrid fillers BN-D-GF. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that the strong interfacial interaction brought by the polydopamine benefits the loading amount as well as dispersion of the nano-BN on GF’s surface. The BN-D-GF was incorporated into epoxy resin to construct

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27

Giunta, G., M. Chiricotto, I. Jackson, H. A. Karimi-Varzaneh, and P. Carbone. "Multiscale modelling of heterogeneous fillers in polymer composites: the case of polyisoprene and carbon black." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 33, no. 19 (2021): 194003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-648x/abe44e.

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28

La Gatta, Annalisa, Agata Papa, Chiara Schiraldi, and Mario De Rosa. "Hyaluronan dermal fillers via crosslinking with 1,4-butandiol diglycidyl ether: Exploitation of heterogeneous reaction conditions." Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials 104, no. 1 (2015): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.33329.

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29

Münstedt, Helmut. "Rheological Measurements and Structural Analysis of Polymeric Materials." Polymers 13, no. 7 (2021): 1123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13071123.

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Rheological measurements of polymer melts are widely used for quality control and the optimization of processing. Another interesting field of rheology is to provide information about molecular parameters of polymers and the structure build-up in heterogeneous polymeric systems. This paper gives an overview of the influence of molar mass, molar mass distribution and long-chain branching on various rheological characteristics and describes the analytical power following from established relations. With respect to applications, we discuss how rheological measurements can be used to gain insight

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30

KUPRIASHOV, A. V., S. V. TELEGIN, and I. YA SHESTAKOV. "ANALYSIS OF FILLERS MULTIFUNCTIONAL COATINGS OF AVIATION, ROCKET AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY (REVIEW)." IZVESTIA VOLGOGRAD STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, no. 12(283) (December 2023): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.35211/1990-5297-2023-12-283-26-35.

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In Aerospace Engineering, the main purpose of multifunctional coatings is thermal protection, protection against ionizing, electromagnetic and radio emission, reflection of laser influence, aimed at influencing the control system, electrical equipment and product devices. The secondary functions of multifunctional coating in rocket technology include increasing the strength and stiffness of individual external parts of the product, as well as protection against corrosion and erosion. During operation, aircraft, in addition to force influences, are continuously exposed to an extensive complex o

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31

Tăut, Maria Amalia, Marioara Moldovan, Miuţa Filip, et al. "Synthesis and Characterization of Microcapsules as Fillers for Self-Healing Dental Composites." Nanomaterials 14, no. 22 (2024): 1853. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano14221853.

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This article proposes the synthesis and characterization of (triethylene glycol dimethacrylate–N,N-dihydroxyethyl-p-toluidine) TEGDMA-DHEPT self-healing microcapsules for their inclusion in dental composite formulations. The obtaining method is the in situ emulsion polymerization of the (poly urea-formaldehyde) (PUF) coatings. The microcapsules were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. The optima

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Antolini, Ermete. "The Application of 2D Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g-C3N4) and Hexagonal Boron Nitride (h-BN) in Low-Temperature Fuel Cells: Catalyst Supports, ORR Catalysts, and Membrane Fillers." Molecules 30, no. 8 (2025): 1852. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30081852.

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In recent years, two-dimensional (2D) graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) have gained remarkable attention due to their resemblance to graphene. These materials have a wide range of applications in energy and other sustainable fields, including heterogeneous catalysis and photocatalysis. g-C3N4 and h-BN can play different roles in low-temperature fuel cells. They can be used as catalyst supports, catalysts for oxygen reduction, and membrane fillers. In this work, the application of pure and doped g-C3N4 and h-BN, alone or as composite materials, in low-temperat

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Diab, Aboelkasim. "Experimental and theoretical investigations on the viscosity of heterogeneous asphalt binders." Journal of Elastomers & Plastics 50, no. 4 (2017): 354–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095244317729555.

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The inherent multiphase structure of heterogeneous asphalt binders (additives containing binders) may complicate viscosity understanding and predictions in the Newtonian or non-Newtonian response. The objective of this article is to understand the viscosity characteristics of heterogeneous asphalt binders based on experimental and theoretical investigations over a wide range of conditions the matter may encounter in the field (temperatures and oxidative aging). Selected materials representing the generic additives commonly used for pavement construction including styrene–butadiene–styrene bloc

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Polak, Daniel, and Maciej Szwast. "Analysis of the Influence of Process Parameters on the Properties of Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Membranes for Gas Separation." Membranes 12, no. 10 (2022): 1016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12101016.

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Heterogeneous membranes, otherwise known as Mixed Matrix Membranes (MMMs), which are used in gas separation processes, are the subject of growing interest. This is due to their potential to improve the process properties of membranes compared to those of homogeneous membranes, i.e., those made of polymer only. Using such membranes in a process involves subjecting them to varying temperatures and pressures. This paper investigates the effects of temperature and feed pressure on the process properties of homogeneous and heterogeneous membranes. Membranes made of Pebax®2533 copolymer and containi

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Luo, Xia, Kejing Yu, Kun Qian, Xuefeng Lu, and Jie Sun. "Effects of graphene surface energy on the structure and mechanical properties of phenolic foams." Journal of Polymer Engineering 38, no. 4 (2018): 343–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2017-0132.

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AbstractGraphene nanoplates (GNPs) and graphene oxide (GO) were used to investigate the effects of surface free energy (SFE) of nanoparticles on the cellular structure and mechanical properties of phenolic nanocomposite foams. The results showed that the SFE of nanoparticles is a key parameter in determining the interfacial action between fillers and matrix before foaming, which in turn determines the energy barrier of bubble nucleation during foaming process. It indicated that the higher interfacial energy of GO brought out the lower Gibbs free energy and smaller driving force for heterogeneo

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36

Zhao, Jia, Junliang Zhang, Lei Wang, et al. "Fabrication and investigation on ternary heterogeneous MWCNT@TiO2-C fillers and their silicone rubber wave-absorbing composites." Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 129 (February 2020): 105714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2019.105714.

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Xu, Yan, Weijun Bao, Hao Ding, and Jingkui Qu. "Preparation of CaCO3/Al(OH)3 Composites via Heterogeneous Nucleation." Materials 16, no. 2 (2023): 498. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16020498.

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As one of the most widely used inorganic fine powder fillers, calcium carbonate is cheap. However, considering its poor light transmittance, it is not suitable to be added to resin matrix composites that require high light transmittance. Aluminum hydroxide has good light transmission and flame retardancy, but it is more expensive than calcium carbonate. CaCO3/Al(OH)3 composites with a core-shell structure that showed a trend toward the performance of aluminum hydroxide not only improved the surface properties of CaCO3, but also increased the added value of CaCO3. In the present paper, CaCO3/Al

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Li, Anqi, Fuzhen Li, Kancheng Mai, and Zishou Zhang. "Crystallization and Melting Behavior of UHMWPE Composites Filled by Different Carbon Materials." Advances in Polymer Technology 2022 (August 10, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2447418.

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In order to understand the effect of different carbon materials on the crystallization and melting behavior of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), UHMWPE composites were prepared by different carbon materials through solution mixing in this paper. UHMWPE was oxidized to improve the interfacial interaction between UHMWPE and carbon materials. The UHMWPE composites and oxidized UHMWPE composites were prepared using granular graphite particle (GP), graphite nanoplatelets (GNP), and flaky graphene oxide (GO) as fillers. The effect of the type and the content of carbon materials and t

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Wang, Shanshan, Liang Zhang, Kate Semple, Min Zhang, Wenbiao Zhang, and Chunping Dai. "Development of Biodegradable Flame-Retardant Bamboo Charcoal Composites, Part II: Thermal Degradation, Gas Phase, and Elemental Analyses." Polymers 12, no. 10 (2020): 2238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12102238.

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Bamboo charcoal (BC) and aluminum hypophosphite (AHP) singly and in combination were investigated as flame-retardant fillers for polylactic acid (PLA). A set of BC/PLA/AHP composites were prepared by melt-blending and tested for thermal and flame-retardancy properties in Part I. Here, in Part II, the results for differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetry-Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (TG-FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron analysis (XPS) are presented. The fillers either singly or

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Tsou, Andy H., and Matthew B. Measmer. "Dispersion of Layered Organosilicates in Isobutylene-Based Elastomers." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 79, no. 2 (2006): 281–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3547938.

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Abstract Dispersion morphologies of polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites based on either brominated poly(isobutylene-co-para-methylstyrene), BIMSM, or brominated poly(isobutylene-co-isoprene), BIIR, and an organosilicate, dimethylditallow ammonium-exchanged montmorillonite, Cloisite™ 6A, with and without N660 carbon black fillers were examined using SAXS, WAXS, AFM, and TEM. These compounds were prepared using an internal mixer and cured for property measurements. Due to the observed partial orientation of organosilicates and their possible heterogeneous intercalation, degrees of exfoliatio

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Albozahid, Muayad, Haneen Zuhair Naji, Zoalfokkar Kareem Alobad, Jacek K. Wychowaniec, and Alberto Saiani. "Thermal, Mechanical, and Morphological Characterisations of Graphene Nanoplatelet/Graphene Oxide/High-Hard-Segment Polyurethane Nanocomposite: A Comparative Study." Polymers 14, no. 19 (2022): 4224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14194224.

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The current work investigates the effect of the addition of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and graphene oxide (GO) to high hard-segment polyurethane (75% HS) on its thermal, morphological, and mechanical properties. Polyurethane (PU) and its nanocomposites were prepared with different ratios of GNP and GO (0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 wt.%). A thermal stability analysis demonstrated an enhancement in the thermal stability of PU with GNP and GO incorporated compared to pure PU. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) showed that both GNP and GO act as heterogeneous nucleation agents within a PU matrix, l

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Adorna, Joemer A., Camelle Kaye A. Aleman, Ian Lorenzo E. Gonzaga, et al. "Effect of Lauric Acid on the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)/Starch Composite Biofilms." International Journal of Polymer Science 2020 (June 19, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7947019.

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Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a biopolymer of natural origin, one of the suitable alternatives for synthetic plastics. However, pure PHB has a high production cost, is relatively brittle, and has poor processability, hence its limited application. Combining PHB with biomass fillers and plasticizers can significantly improve the properties of the polymer, leading to its commercial usage. In this study, PHB was incorporated with starch (S) as a cheap biomass filler and lauric acid (LA) as a potential plasticizer. The PHB/S/LA composites were prepared using a modified solvent casting method with t

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Chen, Xinggang, Yafeng Wang, Zhen Chen, Lifang Zhang, Xiaoming Sang, and Yanqing Cai. "In situ preparation and properties of phthalonitrile resin/hexagonal boron nitride composites." High Performance Polymers 32, no. 9 (2020): 1010–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954008320922593.

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Phthalonitrile resin/exfoliated hexagonal boron nitride ( h-BN) composites with high thermal conductivity were fabricated using a novel approach. The route included two steps, micro- h-BN was coated and dispersed by phthalonitrile monomers via the function of heterogeneous nucleation, and then micro- h-BN was exfoliated by heat release during the phthalonitrile curing process. The composites achieved a high thermal conductivity of 0.736W (m·K)−1 containing 20 wt% micro- h-BN, which is 3.17 times higher than that of pure phthalonitrile resin at 0.232W (m·K)−1. Compared to traditional routes, th

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Ho, Keen Hoe, Xuehong Lu, and Soo Khim Lau. "In Situ Dispersion of Lignin in Polypropylene via Supercritical CO2 Extrusion Foaming: Effects of Lignin on Cell Nucleation and Foam Compression Properties." Polymers 15, no. 8 (2023): 1813. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15081813.

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Supercritical CO2 (scCO2) extrusion foamed high-melt-strength (HMS) polypropylene (PP) often suffers from low cell density, large cell sizes, and poor cell structure uniformity due to the poor nucleation rates of CO2 in the PP. To remedy this, various inorganic fillers have been used as heterogeneous nucleation agents. Although their efficient nucleation effects have been demonstrated, the preparation of these fillers causes some adverse effects on the environment/human health or involves relatively expensive processes or non-eco-friendly chemicals. In this work, biomass-based lignin is studie

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Zhang, Yong-sheng, Mao Wang, Cheng Yang, et al. "Heterogeneous BaTiO3@Ag core-shell fibers as fillers for polymer dielectric composites with simultaneously improved dielectric constant and breakdown strength." Composites Communications 27 (October 2021): 100874. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2021.100874.

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Gutiérrez, Vanessa, Miguel Mafé, Lucie Prins, and Annemieke van de Runstraat. "Recovery and potential use for non-polyolefin materials after physical recycling of complex multilayers." Open Research Europe 4 (November 27, 2024): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.18912.1.

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Standard flexible packaging in the market contains many components that differ from polyolefins (PO). These components can include barrier materials (Polyamides (PA), Polyethylene-terephthalate (PET), Ethylene-vinyl alcohol (EVOH), Polyvinyl-alcohol (PVOH), and aluminum), inks, lacquers, adhesives, fillers, and pigments. All these materials are insoluble in the solvents used for the physical, dissolution-based, and recycling of polyolefins, leaving them as a solid residue in the process. Characterization of the residue obtained after physical recycling of printed/metallized polyolefin flexible

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Clarizia, Gabriele, and Paola Bernardo. "Polyether Block Amide as Host Matrix for Nanocomposite Membranes Applied to Different Sensitive Fields." Membranes 12, no. 11 (2022): 1096. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12111096.

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The cornerstones of sustainable development require the treatment of wastes or contaminated streams allowing the separation and recycling of useful substances by a more rational use of energy sources. Separation technologies play a prominent role, especially when conducted by inherently environmentally friendly systems such as membrane operations. However, high-performance materials are more and more needed to improve the separative performance of polymeric materials nanocomposites are ideally suited to develop advanced membranes by combining organic polymers with suitable fillers having super

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Sarsenbayev, N. B., B. K. Sarsenbayev, Zh T. Aimenov, A. Zh Aimenov, and N. B. Ainabekov. "Optimization of compositions and technology of production of small-clinker floured cements using the most effective fillers." BULLETIN of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Technical Science and Technology Series 136, no. 3 (2021): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-7263-2021-136-3-46-55.

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Considering the physical chemistry of grinding it is worth quoting the grinding of mineral building material as “the change of physical-chemical properties of finely ground materials can not only be due to the reducing the particle sizes, at mechanical grinding significant changes of the crystalline structure of their surface layers (thickness 15-20 microns) take place, in many cases the technological properties of fine powders are not so much due to dispersability but are namely due to the structure rupture”, at that the energy costs for this are “significantly greater than for the exposal of

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Mastalygina, Elena Evgenyevna, Anatoly Aleksandrovich Olkhov, Nikolay Vladimirovich Vorontsov, et al. "Influence of Copper-Based Fillers on Structural and Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid Composites." Journal of Composites Science 6, no. 12 (2022): 386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs6120386.

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The importance of promising composites in modern materials science is constantly increasing. The use of various fillers or additives is associated with their influence not only on the defining properties of the composite, but also on physical and mechanical characteristics of the material. In this case, the distribution of the additive and its wetting with a polymer play an important role. The problem highlighted in this article is the influence of different copper-containing fillers (copper (II) sulphate powder, micro-sized copper (II) oxide powder, and nano-structured copper (II) oxide-based

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Kopitzky, Rodion. "Poly(Lactic Acid)–Poly(Butylene Succinate)–Sugar Beet Pulp Composites; Part I: Mechanics of Composites with Fine and Coarse Sugar Beet Pulp Particles." Polymers 13, no. 15 (2021): 2531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13152531.

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Sugar beet pulp (SBP) is a residue available in large quantities from the sugar industry, and can serve as a cost-effective bio-based and biodegradable filler for fully bio-based compounds based on bio-based polyesters. The heterogeneous cell structure of sugar beet suggests that the processing of SBP can affect the properties of the composite. An “Ultra-Rotor” type air turbulence mill was used to produce SBP particles of different sizes. These particles were processed in a twin-screw extruder with poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and fillers to granules for possible

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