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Journal articles on the topic 'Heterotopi'
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1
Анненкова, Олена. "JULIAN BARNES’ ENGLISH ISLANDS AS HETEROTOPI." Problems of Contemporary Literary Studies, no. 28 (May 2, 2019): 90–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2312-6809.2019.28.165836.
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Mullin, Jeffrey P., Jamie J. Van Gompel, Kendall H. Lee, Fredric B. Meyer, and Matt Stead. "Surgically treated movement disorders associated with heterotopia." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 6, no. 3 (September 2010): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2010.5.peds10220.
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Heterotopic gray matter has been implicated in epilepsy; however, not much is known regarding heterotopia beyond epilepsy. Here, the authors describe 2 pediatric patients with deep heterotopias contiguous with basal ganglia structures. These heterotopias appear to have manifested as movement disorders. One patient presented with a left-sided myoclonus and choreiform movements associated with a right caudate heterotopia; she experienced vast improvement after resection of periventricular heterotopia. The other patient presented with progressive dystonia and a ballistic movement disorder. Initial bilateral globus pallidus internus stimulation resulted in successful treatment of the dystonia; however, her movement disorder worsened. After an extensive workup, including STATISCOM (statistical ictal SPECT coregistered to MR imaging), the patient underwent cortical stimulation with improvement in her movement disorder. To the best of our knowledge, these cases are the first reported instances of heterotopic gray matter associated with movement disorders. Both patients experienced significant improvements following resection of their heterotopias.
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Wadoux, Charlotte. "“The World Had Forgotten about Us”: Heterotopian Resistance in Richard Flanagan’s Wanting and Lloyd Jones’s Mister Pip." Humanities 11, no. 1 (January 13, 2022): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h11010009.
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This article explores how the different forms of heterotopias present in Richard Flanagan’s Wanting (2008) and Lloyd Jones’s Mister Pip (2006) articulate problematic identity politics and cultural memory. In Wanting, the collocation of Mathinna’s story with that of the lost Franklin expedition offers a form of reclaiming. This article argues that Flanagan’s novel moves from heterotopias of deviation to a crisis heterotopia, displacing and debunking the compensation function of the colonial heterotopia to highlight the crushing of Aboriginal identity. This shifting heterotopia is doubled by Mathinna’s heterotopic carceral body, that is, body as confined space, which qualifies the act of reclaiming. In Mister Pip, heterotopias concern cultural memory as the island of Bougainville, secluded from the rest of the world, turns into the repository of the villagers’ culture juxtaposed with the reading of Charles Dickens’s Great Expectations (1860–1861). This article argues that Jones’s creation of a palimpsestic heterotopia allows him to resist Eurocentric views as well as to actualize postcolonial concepts. Jones’s novel calls for a dynamic appropriation of literature. Matilda’s ‘Pacific version’ of Pip’s story reflects the cracks in the Victorian and contemporary exploitations of the island. Readers’ immersions in these heterotopias do not provide an escape from but a thoughtful commitment to the past.
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Abdul Karim, Lina, Dong Hyang Kwon, and Metin Ozdemirli. "Salivary Gland Heterotopia in the Gastroesophageal Junction: A Case Series and Review of the Literature." Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine 2018 (September 30, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6078581.
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Heterotopia is defined as the presence of mature, histologically normal, tissue in unusual anatomic sites. When this heterotopic tissue forms a mass, it is called a choristoma. This case series describes 3 cases of gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) salivary heterotopias. While heterotopias are usually incidental findings, choristomas can clinically and endoscopically mimic carcinomas and might lead to unnecessary procedures for the patients. Clinicians should therefore be aware of this entity. Literature search, however, failed to show any reports of salivary gland heterotopias in the GEJ. In fact, literature review revealed only 6 reported cases of salivary gland choristoma in the gastrointestinal tract, none at the GEJ. In this case series, we report 2 cases of salivary gland heterotopia and one case of salivary gland choristoma arising at the GE junction. To our knowledge, this is the first series of its kind in the literature.
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Karababa, Pinar. "İki Kamp Arasında: Bir Durumsal-Heterotopi olarak Göç Deneyimi." Göç Dergisi 7, no. 2 (October 23, 2020): 211–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/gd.v7i2.714.
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COVID-19’un dünya çapında yaygınlaşmasıyla birlikte ortak mağduriyet hissinin kapsamadığı temel ihtiyaç sorunlarına bakıldığında küreselleşmenin yarattığı yeni bir görünmezlik tanımı ile yüzleşiriz. Yeni görünmezlik ilkeleri makale kapsamında pandemi sürecinin açığa çıkardığı fakat kökleri küreselleşmenin ilk etaplarıyla birlikte ortaya konulan bir mülksüzleşme ve hak ve hizmetlere erişim zeminini kaybetme hattı üzerinden okunur. Buna göre tarihsel gelişimiyle beraber ele alınan bu durum yeni ve normalleşme sürecindeki bir olağanüstü hâldir. Bu hal içinde yapılan yeni kırılganlık tanımları eskiden yoğunluklu olarak sığınmacılar, kimliksiz kişiler, kayıtdışı sektörde çalışan göçmen işçiler gibi gruplar için tanımlanan hassasiyet durumlarını geçersiz kılmıştır. Bu gruplar pandemi sürecinin sağlık erişimi için talep ettiği sistemde görünür olma gerekliliğine sahip olmadıkları için, pandemi kaynaklı ekonomi ve temel kaynaklara erişim sorunlarından dolayı yaşam hakkının öteki ucunda yer almaya başlamışlardır. Makale bu süreci kamp teması üzerinden, kamp usullerinin yaygınlaşarak yeni kırılganlıklar tanımlaması ve sınırları genişlemeye açık mekânsallığının yanı sıra bir hâle dönüşmesi ile ilişkili olarak inceler. ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH Between Two Camps: The Experience of Migration as a State of Heterotopia When the focus is shifted from the sense of suffering together under the impact of COVID-19 to the problems of accessing to the basic needs uncovered by present health measures, it becomes possible to face a new definition of invisibility created by globalization. The new principles of invisibility are analyzed in this article over the route of dispossession and loss of access to the basic rights and services appearing with the rise of globalization. According to this reading the historical development of the very situation brings a new and settling state of emergency. The new definition of vulnerability excludes the former need holders such as asylum seekers, unregistered people, migrant workers in the informal sector since they are not visible to the health system. The article analyzes this content over the leitmotiv of camp which is discussed to be rather a state than being a spatial unit with vague borders.
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Pentney, A. R., S. C. Baraban, and W. F. Colmers. "NPY Sensitivity and Postsynaptic Properties of Heterotopic Neurons in the MAM Model of Malformation-Associated Epilepsy." Journal of Neurophysiology 88, no. 5 (November 1, 2002): 2745–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00500.2002.
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Neuronal migration disorders (NMDs) can be associated with neurological dysfunction such as mental retardation, and clusters of disorganized cells (heterotopias) often act as seizure foci in medically intractable partial epilepsies. Methylazoxymethanol (MAM) treatment of pregnant rats results in neuronal heterotopias in offspring, especially in hippocampal area CA1. Although the neurons in dysplastic areas in this model are frequently hyperexcitable, the precise mechanisms controlling excitability remain unclear. Here, we used IR-DIC videomicroscopy and whole cell voltage-clamp techniques to test whether the potent anti-excitatory actions of neuropeptide Y (NPY) affected synaptic excitation of heterotopic neurons. We also compared several synaptic and intrinsic properties of heterotopic, layer 2–3 cortical, and CA1 pyramidal neurons, to further characterize heterotopic cells. NPY powerfully inhibited synaptic excitation onto normal and normotopic CA1 cells but was nearly ineffective on responses evoked in heterotopic cells from stimulation sites within the heterotopia. Glutamatergic synaptic responses on heterotopic cells exhibited a comparatively small, d-2-amino-5-phosphopentanoic acid-sensitive, N-methyl-d-aspartate component. Heterotopic neurons also differed from normal CA1 cells in postsynaptic membrane currents, possessing a prominent inwardly rectifying K+ current sensitive to Cs+and Ba2+, similar to neocortical layer 2–3 pyramidal cells. CA1 cells instead had a prominent Cs+- and 4-( N-ethyl- N-phenylamino)-1,2-dimethyl-6-(methylamino) pyrimidinium chloride-sensitive I h and negligible inward rectification, unlike heterotopic cells. Thus heterotopic CA1 cells appear to share numerous physiological similarities with neocortical neurons. The lack of NPY's effects on intra-heterotopic inputs, the small contribution of I h, and abnormal glutamate receptor function, may all contribute to the lowered threshold for epileptiform activity observed in hippocampal heterotopias and could be important factors in epilepsies associated with NMDs.
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Kohlke, Marie-Luise. "Heterotopic Proliferation in E. S. Thomson’s Jem Flockhart Series." Humanities 11, no. 1 (January 13, 2022): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h11010015.
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This article explores the convergence, inversion, and collapse of heterotopic spaces in E. S. Thomson’s neo-Victorian Jem Flockhart series about a cross-dressing female apothecary in mid-nineteenth-century London. The eponymous first-person narrator becomes embroiled in the detection of horrific murder cases, with the action traversing a wide range of Michel Foucault’s exemplary Other spaces, including hospitals, graveyards, brothels, prisons, asylums, and colonies, with the series substituting the garden for Foucault’s ship as the paradigmatic heterotopia. These myriad juxtaposed sites, which facilitate divergence from societal norms while seemingly sequestering forms of alterity and resistance, repeatedly merge into one another in Thomson’s novels, destabilising distinct kinds of heterotopias and heterotopic functions. Jem’s doubled queerness as a cross-dressing lesbian beloved by their Watsonean side-kick, the junior architect William Quartermain, complicates the protagonist’s role in helping readers negotiate the re-imagined Victorian metropolis and its unequal power structures. Simultaneously defending/reaffirming and contesting/subverting the status quo, Jem’s body itself becomes a microcosmic heterotopia, problematising the elision of agency in Foucault’s conceptualisation of the term. The proliferation of heterotopias in Thomson’s series suggests that neo-Victorian fiction reconfigures the nineteenth century into a vast network of confining, contested, and liberating Other spaces.
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Nielsen, Helle Lykke. "Fra Odense til Mekka og Paradis: Rising muslimske gravplads som heterotopi." Tidsskrift for Islamforskning 10, no. 1 (November 28, 2016): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/tifo.v10i1.24882.
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Muslimske gravpladser i Danmark er ikke blot et sted, hvor muslimer skaffer sig af med deres døde efter islamiske forskrifter, de udfylder også andre funktioner. Ved hjælp af Foucaults begreb heterotopi analyseres den muslimske gravplads på Risingskirkegård i Odense i et rumligt og socialt perspektiv, og det konkluderes, at gravpladsen fungerer som et univers, der knytter mange forskellige rum og fællesskaber sammen, samt at islamisk gravkultur i Danmark er under forandring. Derved bliver gravpladsen et vigtigt rum til at forstå relationer mellem levende og døde, som ikke uden videre lader sig materialisere sprogligt eller visuelt.
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Haghighi, Farzaneh. "Heterotopic sites of knowledge production: Notes on an architectural analysis of lecture halls." Cultural Dynamics 32, no. 4 (February 14, 2020): 307–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0921374020907111.
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This article is concerned with the spatial analysis of lecture theaters in higher education institutions and it draws upon two concepts developed by Michel Foucault during the 1970s— heterotopia and the will to know. By examining the heterotopic potentials of lecture theaters where knowledge is rendered visible and articulable, the article argues that the notion of heterotopia is more relevant than panopticon for spatial analysis of these spaces. Heterotopias are defined as counter-sites inhabited by the abnormal, and as such include two dimensions. First there is an exclusion of the abnormal that is aimed at the fabrication of specific subjectivities, students and a more productive workforce. Second, as counter-spaces, heterotopias maintain a hopeful aspect that is providing an opportunity for unsettling the social norms. To support this exploration, the article uses higher education as a transitional environment for the production of an employable workforce and specifically focuses on auditoriums in universities. Contemporary lecture halls originating from the early modern anatomy halls are introduced as a strong spatial context for exploring the spatialization of knowledge and the construction of selves as subjects who desire to know.
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Batista, Fabio. "Foucault e as heterotopias: espaço, poder-saber." Griot : Revista de Filosofia 20, no. 2 (June 12, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31977/grirfi.v20i2.1503.
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Este artigo trata do tema e problema da heterotopiaa partir do pensamento de Michel Foucault, noção essa pouco explorada por ele, no entanto, potencialmente profícua para o pensamento filosófico contemporâneo. Nele mostramos o que o filósofo francês chama de heterotopia (utopia localizada/espaço outro) e o modo como ela implica as noções de espaço, poder e saber. Para tanto abordamos textos foucaultianos especialmente da década de 1960 e 70. Interpretamos e nos reportamos assim às heterotopias que fazem parte dos estudos e trajetória de Foucault: fábrica-convento, cidade operária, asilo psiquiátrico, prisão e Universidade Experimental de Vincennes. Compreendemos que a prisão e seus mecanismos constituem o exemplo paradigmático de uma heterotopia moderna que ainda diz muito sobre nós. Isso indica, vale notar, a complexidade e ambivalência da noção foucaultiana de heterotopia, na medida em que esta pode abarcar uma série de dispositivos nem sempre afins: por vezes, então, uma instituição disciplinar e um espaço biopolítico, outras vezes, uma universidade experimental.
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Siebenpfeiffer, Hania. "Sibylle – Clio – Thalia. Inszenierungen mythopoetischer Autorschaft im Titelkupfer und in Gedichten von Sibylla Schwarz." Daphnis 44, no. 1-02 (July 21, 2016): 199–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18796583-04401010.
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Frontispiece and dedication poems of Gerlachs edition of Sibylla Schwarz poetry openly refer to the early modern sibylline iconography by characterizing her as the “German” or “Eleventh Sibyl”. In the poems themselves other references are foregrounded, most prominent those to the apollonian muses Clio and Thalia, constructing a mythopoetic authorship and emphasizing the poetic quality of poetry in contrast to the prophetic. By giving him/herself a mythopoetic identity, the “I” transforms its poems into poetic heterotopias. In “Fretow”, they are given a concrete heterotopic counterpart. The poetic “Fretow” notably uncovers the reciprocal dependency of mythopoetic authorship and poetic heterotopia which characterizes Sibylla Schwarz’ poetic works.
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Fritz, Sonya Sawyer, and Sara K. Day. "Young Adult Crisis Heterotopias and Feminist Revisions in Colleen Gleason’s Stoker and Holmes Series." Humanities 11, no. 1 (January 13, 2022): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h11010016.
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In this article, we investigate neo-Victorian YA fiction’s efforts to mirror twenty-first-century feminist ideals in nineteenth-century spaces through examining the role of heterotopia in Colleen Gleason’s Stoker and Holmes series (2013–2019). We first consider how the novels’ steampunk elements figure in Gleason’s feminist framing of neo-Victorian London, particularly in terms of common heterotopias—primarily the garden and the museum—that the protagonists briefly navigate over the course of the series. Second, we explore how the series’ three female protagonists each occupy spaces that function as pseudo—“heterotopias of crisis”—that is, while each of them claims space within which to subvert expectations of women, these spaces and the activities they support are themselves fundamentally insular and yield no socio-cultural critique. Finally, we consider how the spaces created and occupied by the books’ villain, known as the Ankh, serve as heterotopias. We find that the fact that the only truly heterotopic spaces in the novels belong to the villain, whose transgressive deviance the series frames as a bridge too far, illustrates how disappointingly limited neo-Victorian YA can be in its ability to offer subversive mirrors to twenty-first-century feminism.
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Hammock, Lauren, and Merce Jorda. "Gastric Endocrine Pancreatic Heterotopia." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 126, no. 4 (April 1, 2002): 464–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2002-126-0464-geph.
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Abstract Heterotopic pancreas is a relatively infrequent lesion most often found in the stomach. Four histologic types are recognized: total, canalicular, exocrine, and endocrine heterotopia. To our knowledge, only 2 cases of purely endocrine heterotopic pancreas have been reported in detail. We describe the case of a patient with gastric and duodenal ulcers and gastric endocrine heterotopia. The lack of mass formation, histomorphology, and immunohistochemical features simulating islets of Langerhans supported the diagnosis. We conclude that purely endocrine heterotopic pancreas is a very rare entity that, when present, can simulate a primary or metastatic neuroendocrine tumor. Adequate sampling of the specimen, histomorphologic pattern, and immunohistochemistry are important for the purpose of distinguishing between a neuroendocrine tumor and purely endocrine pancreatic heterotopia.
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Krentz, Courtney, Mike Perschon, and Amy St. Amand. "Their Own Devices: Steampunk Airships as Heterotopias of Crisis and Deviance." Humanities 11, no. 1 (January 13, 2022): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h11010014.
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Michel Foucault uses a sailing vessel as the exemplar of his theory of heterotopia because of its mobility. The lateral and vertical mobility of the steampunk airship indicates the potential for an even greater exemplar of heterotopia, particularly of Foucault’s defining principles of heterotopic crisis and deviance. These principles are explored onboard the steampunk airships of Scott Westerfeld’s Leviathan trilogy and Gail Carriger’s Finishing School series, resulting in travel towards progressive social frontiers of gender and race. The protagonists of the Leviathan trilogy move from a position of crisis to deviance, as mediated through the friendship and romance of two representatives of warring factions. In contrast, the heroine of the Finishing School series moves from deviance to crisis as she navigates the vagaries of gender and racial identity. These airship heterotopias of young adult fiction, which not only descend geographically but also socially, cross liminal crisis spaces of class, race, gender, and identity to craft literary cartographies for these social frontiers, providing readers with literary maps for their uncertain real worlds of crisis.
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Ho, Elizabeth. "Heterotopic Heritage in Hong Kong: Tai Kwun and Neo-Victorian Carceral Space." Humanities 11, no. 1 (January 13, 2022): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h11010012.
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The prison is specifically identified by Michel Foucault in his essay, ‘Of Other Spaces’ (1967), as an exemplar of “heterotopias of deviation”. Reified in neo-Victorian production as a hegemonic space to be resisted, within which illicit desire, feminist politics, and alternate narratives, for example, flourish under harsh panoptic conditions, the prison nonetheless emerges as a counter-site to both nineteenth-century and contemporary social life. This article investigates the neo-Victorian prison museum that embodies several of Foucault’s heterotopic principles and traits from heterochronia to the dynamics of illusion, compensation/exclusion and inclusion that structure the relationship of heterotopic space to all space. Specifically, I explore the heritage site of the Central Police Station compound in Hong Kong, recently transformed into “Tai Kwun: the Centre for Heritage and the Arts”. Tai Kwun (“Big Station” in Cantonese) combines Victorian and contemporary architecture, carceral space, contemporary art, and postcolonial history to herald the transformation of Hong Kong into an international arts hub. Tai Kwun is an impressive example of neo-Victorian adaptive reuse, but its current status as a former prison, art museum, and heritage space complicates the celebratory aspects of heterotopia as counter-site. Instead, Tai Kwun’s spatial, historical, and financial arrangements emphasize the challenges that tourism, government funding, heritage, and the art industry pose for Foucault’s original definition of heterotopia and our conception of the politics of neo-Victorianism in the present.
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Battaglia, Giorgio, Silvana Franceschetti, Luisa Chiapparini, Elena Freri, Stefania Bassanini, Alessio Giavazzi, Adele Finardi, Franco Taroni, and Tiziana Granata. "Electroencephalographic Recordings of Focal Seizures in Patients Affected by Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia: Role of the Heterotopic Nodules in the Genesis of Epileptic Discharges." Journal of Child Neurology 19, no. 3 (March 2004): 369–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08830738040190031701.
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Patients affected by periventricular nodular heterotopia are frequently characterized by focal drug-resistant epilepsy. To investigate the role of periventricular nodules in the genesis of seizures, we analyzed the electroencephalographic (EEG) features of focal seizures recorded by means of video-EEG in 10 patients affected by different types of periventricular nodular heterotopia and followed for prolonged periods of time at the epilepsy center of our institute. The ictal EEG recordings with surface electrodes revealed common features in all patients: all seizures originated from the brain regions where the periventricular nodular heterotopia were located; EEG patterns recorded on the leads exploring the periventricular nodular heterotopia were very similar both at the onset and immediately after the seizure's end in all patients. Our data suggest that seizures are generated by abnormal anatomic circuitries, including the heterotopic nodules and adjacent cortical areas. The major role of heterotopic neurons in the genesis and propagation of epileptic discharges must be taken into account when planning surgery for epilepsy in patients with periventricular nodular heterotopia. ( J Child Neurol 2005;20:369—377).
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Alfrejat, Majd, Bassem Khalil, Jordan Jackobs, William Anderson, and Jennifer Eschbacher. "A Mass of Pancreatic and Gastric Heterotopia Causing a Small Bowel Obstruction in a 61-Year-Old Male." Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine 2017 (2017): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3126108.
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Heterotopic tissue is a congenital anomaly that has been previously reported. Gastric and pancreatic heterotopia are among the most studied ones. Herein, we describe a case of a combined pancreatic and gastric heterotopia that formed a mass and caused a small intestine obstruction in a 61-year-old male. We also did a brief literature review of cases with gastric and pancreatic heterotopia in adult patients.
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Bhat, Shubha Padmanabha, Aswathy Pradeep, Kishan Prasad Hosapatna Laxminarayana, Sajitha Kaliyat, Cherian Philemon Kurian, and Teerthanath Srinivas. "Intrathoracic Liver Heterotopia: An Incidental Finding at Autopsy." Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU 10, no. 01 (April 2020): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1712329.
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AbstractHeterotopia is the presence of a particular tissue at a nonphysiological site. The most common sites are gastric, pancreatic, and splenic heterotopias. While liver heterotopias are rare, intrathoracic heterotopias are much more limited. It is usually reported incidentally on imaging investigations or at autopsy. There is a high incidence of malignant transformation of heterotopic livers, and hence resection is always recommended. Here we report a case of heterotopic liver tissue in the right lung in a 42-year-old male, incidentally found at the gross examination of autopsy specimen of the lung.
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Guerra, Danilo Dourado. "ESPAÇOS DE DECISÃO: O Quarto Evangelho e a Comunidade Joanina como Construções Heterotópicas." REFLEXUS - Revista Semestral de Teologia e Ciências das Religiões 9, no. 13 (November 16, 2015): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.20890/reflexus.v9i13.279.
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A categoria hermenêutica da heterotopia desenvolvida por Michel Foucault permite-nos compreender o Quarto Evangelho sob o prisma dos outros espaços. À luz dessa meta, nossa investigação desenvolve a hipótese de que tanto o documento joanino como a comunidade joanina são construções heterotópicas, ou seja, espaços de decisão e ressignificação. Estes possuem um posicionamento crítico em relação ao seu mundo, e são capazes de romper com paradigmas sócio-religiosos e alterar as relações de poder a sua volta. The hermeneutic category heterotopias developed by Michel Foucault allows us to understand the Fourth Gospel in the light ofotherspaces. In light of this our investigation develops the hypothesis that both Johannine document as the Johannine community are heterotopic buildings, i. e, decision-making spaces and reframing. They have a critical position in relationtotheir world, and are ableto break up socio-religious paradigms and change the power relationships around them.
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Makhlouf, Hala R., John L. Almeida, and Leslie H. Sobin. "Carcinoma in Jejunal Pancreatic Heterotopia." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 123, no. 8 (August 1, 1999): 707–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/1999-123-0707-cijph.
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Abstract Background.—Although heterotopic pancreas in the gastrointestinal tract is not uncommon, jejunal pancreatic heterotopia is a rare finding, and malignant transformation in such a location is very unusual. Methods.—We encountered a case of jejunal carcinoma in pancreatic heterotopia and because of its rarity, we reviewed the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology experience as well as the literature. The clinical, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical features were studied. Results.—In 109 patients diagnosed as having pancreatic heterotopia in the gastrointestinal tract between 1970 and 1997 at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 67 cases (62%) occurred in the stomach, 42 (38%) in the small intestine, and none in the large intestine. We found 2 patients with adenocarcinoma arising in pancreatic heterotopia. The 2 cases arose in the jejunum. One was of the ductal type, while the other was an acinar cell carcinoma with focal ductular differentiation. In both cases the nontumoral pancreatic tissue contained ducts, acini, and islets. Review of the literature yielded 26 reports of 28 cases of carcinoma arising in heterotopic pancreas; of these, 18 were well documented. Only 1 occurred in the jejunum, and none was of the acinar type. Conclusions.—Carcinoma in pancreatic heterotopia is rare, and acinar cell carcinoma in pancreatic heterotopia is extremely rare. Recognition of carcinoma in pancreatic heterotopia is important to prevent its misinterpretation as a metastatic tumor.
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Chen, Huan-Xin, and Steven N. Roper. "Reduction of Spontaneous Inhibitory Synaptic Activity in Experimental Heterotopic Gray Matter." Journal of Neurophysiology 89, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 150–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00325.2002.
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Neuronal heterotopia has a strong association with epilepsy, but the mechanisms that underlie this relationship are largely unknown. We have utilized the in utero irradiated rat model to study circuit abnormalities in experimentally induced subcortical heterotopic gray matter. Spontaneous and miniature inhibitory (IPSCs) and excitatory (EPSCs) postsynaptic currents were recorded from visualized heterotopic pyramidal neurons in in vitro hemispheric slices and compared with control neocortical pyramidal neurons using the whole cell patch-clamp technique. The frequency of spontaneous and miniature IPSCs was significantly reduced in pyramidal neurons from heterotopic cortex. Amplitude and kinetics of IPSCs were not different between the two groups. Spontaneous and miniature EPSCs were not different between the two groups. Short-term synaptic plasticity of stimulus-evoked EPSCs showed depression in heterotopic neurons and facilitation in control pyramidal neurons. This study shows a selective impairment of the GABAergic circuitry in experimental heterotopic gray matter. We have reported similar findings in normotopic dysplastic cortex from this model. Taken together, these studies demonstrate a pervasive defect in inhibition throughout the cortex of irradiated rats with cortical dysplasia and neuronal heterotopia. This may have important implications regarding cortical development and function following in utero injuries.
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Topinka, Robert J. "Foucault, Borges, Heterotopia: Producing Knowledge in Other Spaces." Foucault Studies, no. 9 (September 1, 2010): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/fs.v0i9.3059.
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Arguably the most famous heterotopia that appears in Foucault’s work is the Chinese encyclopedia, which originates in the fiction of Jorge Luis Borges. Drawing on this citation of Borges, this article examines Foucault’s notion of the heterotopia as it relates to order and knowledge production. Frequently, heterotopias are understood as sites of resistance. This article argues that shifting the focus from resistance to order and knowledge production reveals how heterotopias make the spatiality of order legible. By juxtaposing and combining many spaces in one site, heterotopias problematize received knowledge by destabilizing the ground on which knowledge is built. Yet heterotopias always remain connected to the dominant order; thus as heterotopias clash with dominant orders, they simultaneously produce new ways of knowing. This article first explores the tensions between Foucault’s two definitions of heterotopias before connecting these definitions to Foucault’s distinctly spatial understanding of knowledge as emerging from a clash of forces. Finally, the paper ends by returning to the relationship between Foucault, Borges, and heterotopias.
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Ioannidou, Elisavet. "From Crisis to Compensation: Reinventing Identity and Place in the Sideshow and the Laboratory." Humanities 11, no. 1 (January 13, 2022): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h11010010.
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Examining the ambivalent place of the sideshow and the laboratory within Victorian culture and its reimaginings, this essay explores the contradiction between the narratively orchestrating role and peripheral location of the sideshow in Leslie Parry’s Church of Marvels (2015) and the laboratory in NBC’s Dracula (2013–2014), reading these neo-Victorian spaces as heterotopias, relational places simultaneously belonging to and excluded from the dominant social order. These spaces’ impacts on individual identity illustrate this uneasy relationship. Both the sideshow and the laboratory constitute sites of resignification, emerging as “crisis heterotopias” or sites of passage: in Parry’s novel, the sideshow allows the Church twins to embrace their unique identities, surpassing the limitations of their physical resemblance; in Dracula, laboratory experiments reverse Dracula’s undead condition. Effecting reinvention, these spaces reconfigure the characters’ senses of belonging, propelling them to places beyond their confines, and thus projecting the latter’s heterotopic qualities onto the city. Potentially harmful, yet opening up urban space to include identities which are considered aberrant, these relocations envision the city as a “heterotopia of compensation”: an alternative, possibly idealized, space that reifies the sideshow’s and the laboratory’s attempts to achieve greater extroversion and visibility for their liminal occupants, thus fostering neo-Victorianism’s outreach efforts to support the disempowered.
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Grant-Smith, Deanna, and Robyn Mayes. "Freedom, part-time pirates, and poo police: Regulating the heterotopic space of the recreational boat." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 49, no. 6 (March 16, 2017): 1379–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x17697976.
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At all levels of governance from international convention to local policy, the regulation of pollution from boats and ships has been steeped in conflict and subject to resistance. Recreational boaters, in particular, are often highly resistant to attempts to regulate their boating activity, particularly on environmental grounds. Such ongoing resistance poses a significant policy compliance challenge. This paper seeks to shed light on this complex, ongoing and broader field of opposition to environmental management by way of a case study analysis of resistance to on-board sewage regulations on the part of recreational boaters in Queensland, Australia. This resistance on the part of ‘everyday’ citizens is examined through the lens of heterotopia. In consequence, the paper can contribute to understandings more broadly of problems beleaguering environmental policy while also attending to the deeply implicated social roles of recreational boating spaces; namely as heterotopias of compensation and/or illusion. It also highlights how these heterotopic positionings are intensified by the scatological orientation of the policy under study.
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Saito, Kanako, Ryotaro Kawasoe, Hiroshi Sasaki, Ayano Kawaguchi, and Takaki Miyata. "Neural Progenitor Cells Undergoing Yap/Tead-Mediated Enhanced Self-Renewal Form Heterotopias More Easily in the Diencephalon than in the Telencephalon." Neurochemical Research 43, no. 1 (January 2018): 180–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11064-017-2390-x.
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Abstract Spatiotemporally ordered production of cells is essential for brain development. Normally, most undifferentiated neural progenitor cells (NPCs) face the apical (ventricular) surface of embryonic brain walls. Pathological detachment of NPCs from the apical surface and their invasion of outer neuronal territories, i.e., formation of NPC heterotopias, can disrupt the overall structure of the brain. Although NPC heterotopias have previously been observed in a variety of experimental contexts, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Yes-associated protein 1 (Yap1) and the TEA domain (Tead) proteins, which act downstream of Hippo signaling, enhance the stem-like characteristics of NPCs. Elevated expression of Yap1 or Tead in the neural tube (future spinal cord) induces massive NPC heterotopias, but Yap/Tead-induced expansion of NPCs in the developing brain has not been previously reported to produce NPC heterotopias. To determine whether NPC heterotopias occur in a regionally characteristic manner, we introduced the Yap1-S112A or Tead-VP16 into NPCs of the telencephalon and diencephalon, two neighboring but distinct forebrain regions, of embryonic day 10 mice by in utero electroporation, and compared NPC heterotopia formation. Although NPCs in both regions exhibited enhanced stem-like behaviors, heterotopias were larger and more frequent in the diencephalon than in the telencephalon. This result, the first example of Yap/Tead-induced NPC heterotopia in the forebrain, reveals that Yap/Tead-induced NPC heterotopia is not specific to the neural tube, and also suggests that this phenomenon depends on regional factors such as the three-dimensional geometry and assembly of these cells.
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Garcia, Paul A. "Surgery for Heterotopia: A Second Look." Epilepsy Currents 5, no. 5 (September 2005): 197–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1535-7511.2005.00063.x.
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Electroclinical, MRI, and Neuropathological Study of 10 Patients with Nodular Heterotopia, with Surgical Outcomes Tassi L, Colombo N, Cossu M, Mai R, Francione S, Lo Russo G, Galli C, Bramerio M, Battaglia G, Garbelli R, Meroni A, Spreafico R Brain 2005;128:321–337 We present the results of a retrospective study on 10 patients operated on for intractable epilepsy associated with nodular heterotopia, as identified by high-resolution MRI. Seven patients had unilateral heterotopia, one patient had symmetrical bilateral heterotopia, and two patients had asymmetrical bilateral heterotopia. By stereoelectroencephalogram (SEEG; nine patients), interictal activity within nodules was similar in all cases, and ictal activity never started from nodules alone but from the overlying cortex or simultaneously in nodules and cortex. Excellent outcomes (Engel class Ia, 1987) were achieved in the seven patients with unilateral heterotopia, showing that surgery can be highly beneficial in such cases when the epileptogenic zone is carefully located before surgery by MRI and particularly SEEG. For the bilateral cases, surgical outcomes were Engel IIa (one patient) or Engel IIIa (two patients). Histologic/immunohistochemical studies of resected specimens showed that all nodules had similar microscopic organization, even though their extent and location varied markedly. The overlying cortex was dysplastic in nine patients, but of normal thickness. We suggest that nodule formation may be the result of a dual mechanism: ( 1 ) failure of a stop signal in the germinal periventricular region leading to cell overproduction; and ( 2 ) early transformation of radial glial cells into astrocytes, resulting in defective neuronal migration. The intrinsic interictal epileptiform activity of nodules may be due to an impaired intranodular GABAergic system. The Role of Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia in Epileptogenesis Aghakhani Y, Kinay D, Gotman J, Soualmi L, Andermann F, Olivier A, Dubeau F Brain 2005;128:641–651 A temporal resection in patients with periventricular nodular heterotopia (PNH) and intractable focal seizures yields poor results. To define the role of heterotopic grey matter tissue in epileptogenesis and to improve outcome, we performed stereoencephalography (SEEG) recordings in eight patients with uni- or bilateral PNH and intractable focal epilepsy. The SEEG studies aimed to evaluate the most epileptogenic areas and included the allo- and neocortex and at least one nodule of grey matter. Interictal spiking activity was found in ectopic grey matter in three patients, in the cortex overlying the nodules in five, and in the mesial temporal structures in all. At least one heterotopion was involved at seizure onset in six patients, synchronous with the overlying neocortex or ipsilateral hippocampus. Two patients had their seizures originating in the mesial temporal structures only. Six patients had surgery, and the resected areas included the seizure onset, with follow-up from 1 to 8 years. An amygdalohippocampectomy was performed in two (Engel classes Id and III), an amygdalohippocampectomy plus removal of an adjacent heterotopion in two (class Ia), and a resection of two contiguous nodules plus a small rim of overlying occipital cortex in one patient (class Id). One patient with bilateral PNH had three adjacent nodules resected and an ipsilateral amygdalohippocampectomy, resulting in a reduction of the number of seizures by 25 to 50%. The best predictor of surgical outcome is the presence of a focal epileptic generator; this generator may or may not include the PNH. Invasive recording is required in patients with PNH; it improves localization and is the key to better outcome.
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Mazurek, Marek, Bartłomiej Kulesza, Bożena Jarosz, Witold Janusz, and Radosław Rola. "Heterotopic Brain Tissue in the Spinal Canal: a Report of an Unusual Case with a Review of the Literature." Indian Journal of Surgery 81, no. 6 (September 9, 2019): 587–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12262-019-01982-5.
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Abstract Heterotopia refers to cells displaced from normal sites, when they are in an aberrant location within their organ of origin. Heterotopic neuroglial tissues are usually located in the nasal region. We present acase of a 69-year-old man with a long history of lumbosacral pain with paresis of the inferior limb. MRI examination detected a cystic tumor located at the L1-L2 level. Histologic examination revealed presence of heterotopic neuroglial tissues, containing synaptophysin, glial cells, and meninges.
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Van Dine, Sarah E., Elsaid Salem, Elizabeth George, Nga Yan Siu, Timothy Dotzler, and Raddy L. Ramos. "Cellular and Axonal Diversity in Molecular Layer Heterotopia of the Rat Cerebellar Vermis." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/805467.
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Molecular layer heterotopia of the cerebellar primary fissure are a characteristic of many rat strains and are hypothesized to result from defect of granule cells exiting the external granule cell layer during cerebellar development. However, the cellular and axonal constituents of these malformations remain poorly understood. In the present report, we use histochemistry and immunocytochemistry to identify neuronal, glial, and axonal classes in molecular layer heterotopia. In particular, we identify parvalbumin-expressing molecular layer interneurons in heterotopia as well as three glial cell types including Bergmann glia, Olig2-expressing oligodendrocytes, and Iba1-expressing microglia. In addition, we document the presence of myelinated, serotonergic, catecholaminergic, and cholinergic axons in heterotopia indicating possible spinal and brainstem afferent projections to heterotopic cells. These findings are relevant toward understanding the mechanisms of normal and abnormal cerebellar development.
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Rutka, Anna. "Das vereinigte Europa und seine Widersacherin – zu Julya Rabinowichs Roman "Die Erdfresserin" im Kontext aktueller Arbeits- Migrationsbewegungen." Germanica Wratislaviensia 144 (November 20, 2019): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0435-5865.144.9.
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Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht Julya Rabinowichs Migrationsroman Die Erdfresserin im Hinblick auf die Heterotopie Foucault der dort dargestellten Handlungsorte. Die Autorin lässt ihre osteuropäische Protagonistin ausgerechnet an den von Foucault als Abweichungsheterotopien bezeichneten Orten agieren und reflektieren, was dieser Figur signifikante kritisch-rebellische Widerstandskompetenzen verleiht. Diana agiert als illegale Migrantin, Prostituierte, gelernte Schauspielerin und Erdfresserin auf einem Wiener Friedhof an den Rändern der westeuropäischen Gesellschaft und fällt aus dieser peripheren Ausschlussposition signifikante Urteile über Widersprüche und Machtasymmetrien im gegenwärtigen Europa.United Europe and it’s adversary – Julya Rabinowich’s novel The Earth-Eater in the context of the contemporary labour migration movementThe following article examines Julya Rabinowich’s migraton novel The Earth-Eater regarding heterotopia Foucault of the presented narration places. Rabinowich’s east Europian protagonist acts and reflects in the heterotopias of deviation in the meaning of Foucault, what gives her a significant critical and rebellious resistance competence. Diana acts as illegal migrant, prostitute, trained actress and earth-eater in the Vienas cemetery on the fingers of west Europian society and passes of this periphery exclusion space the judgment on inconsistencies and power asymetry of the contemporary Europe.
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Rakowiecka-Asgari, Karolina. "Heterotopiczna koegzystencja żywych i umarłych we współczesnej prozie irańskiej." Studia Litteraria 16, no. 3 (2021): 153–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20843933st.21.012.14002.
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Artykuł podejmuje kwestię śladów tradycyjnych wzorców kulturowych współistnienia żywych i umarłych we współczesnej prozie irańskiej. Analizując struktury heterotopii w dwóch powieściach napisanych przez kobiety, tj. Tubā va ma’nā-ye šab (Tuba i znaczenie nocy) autorstwa Šahrnuš Pārsipur i Kouli-ye kenār-e ātaš (Cyganka przy ogniu) pióra Moniru Ravānipur, wykazano wagę literackiego potencjału reprezentacji przestrzeni oraz metafor w tożsamościowym dyskursie kobiet i przepracowywaniu traumatycznych doświadczeń oraz innych problemów społeczeństwa w okresie przejścia od tradycyjnej struktury do nowoczesnego indywidualizmu. Heterotopic Coexistence of the Living and the Dead in Contemporary Iranian Fiction The paper addresses the issue of the traces of traditional cultural patterns of coexistence of the living and the dead in Iranian fiction by analyzing the structure of the heterotopies in two novels by female writers, namely Tuba and the Meaning of Night (Tubā va ma’nā-ye šab) by Šahrnuš Pārsipur and Gypsy by the Fire (Kouli-ye kenār-e ātaš) by Moniru Ravānipur. It also acknowledges the literary potential of spatial representation and metaphors in women’s identity discourse and the reframing of traumatizing experiences, as well as other problems of society in transition between the traditional social structure and modern individualism.
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Wu, Sandy S., Susan Coventry, Jean-Pierre de Chadarevian, and Margaret H. Collins. "Hypercellular/Heterotopic Ganglia in Omphalomesenteric Duct Remnants." Pediatric and Developmental Pathology 4, no. 3 (May 2001): 246–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100240010133.
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Omphalomesenteric duct remnants (ODR) including Meckel diverticula often present with symptoms of bowel obstruction. Their histologic features are varied and include heterotopic gastrointestinal mucosa and/or pancreatic tissue within the wall. Abnormalities of the submucosal plexus of Meissner, however, have not been documented in the literature. Thus, we have examined a number of ODR for evidence of ganglion abnormalities. Fifty-three cases of ODR were retrieved from our archives, along with 25 nonduodenal small bowel control specimens obtained from autopsies of patients without clinical or pathologic evidence of enteropathy. Histologic criteria for the diagnosis of abnormal hypercellular/heterotopic ganglia (HHG) in ODR were defined as a single submucosal ganglion/plexus containing >10 neurons, or >5 submucosal ganglions per high-power (X40) field, or heterotopic ganglion cells within the muscularis mucosa or the lamina propria. HHG, histologically indistinguishable from intestinal neuronal dysplasia type B, were found in more than half of the ODR (ODR: 51.9%, n = 50 vs. control: 4%, n = 25, P = 3.6 X 10−6), particularly those excised for obstructive complications (ODR with acute abdomen: 65.7%, n = 35, vs. ODR without acute abdomen: 33.3%, n = 15, P = 0.035). HHG were present in equal numbers of inflamed and noninflamed ODR (inflamed: 53.6%, n = 28, vs. noninflamed: 59.1%, n = 22, P = 0.70). A similar incidence was found in ODR with heterotopia and without (with heterotopia: 61.1%, n = 18, vs. without: 53.1%, n = 32, P = 0.59). ODR frequently contained HHG histomorphologically similar to those found in intestinal neuronal dysplasia, type B (IND-B). The overrepresentation of HHG in symptomatic ODR patients suggests an association with bowel obstruction. The data did not demonstrate a relationship with either inflammation or heterotopia.
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Kim, Yeseul, Min Jung Jung, and Su-Jin Shin. "Heterotopic Gastric Mucosa in the Common Bile Duct With Cholangiocarcinoma." International Journal of Surgical Pathology 26, no. 8 (May 10, 2018): 745–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1066896918775531.
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Gastric heterotopia within the biliary system is extremely rare. Moreover, the combination of gastric heterotopia in the bile duct with cholangiocarcinoma has not been reported. We describe a case of heterotopic gastric mucosa in the common bile duct with cholangiocarcinoma. An 80-year-old male was admitted with abdominal pain. Abdominal computed tomography revealed wall thickening from the hilar duct to the distal common bile duct. Biopsy from the distal bile duct showed only benign gastric foveolar-type epithelium and fundic glands. Although the diagnosis of the biopsy was benign, malignancy was strongly suspected from the radiologic findings, and excision of the bile ducts was performed. Microscopically, the resected specimen showed poorly formed malignant glands and gastric heterotopia also identified in the common bile duct. Three months later, the patient’s state worsened due to recurrence, and he died. To our knowledge, this is the first report of gastric heterotopia in the bile duct accompanying cholangiocarcinoma.
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Nakaue, Melanie Dana. "Of Other Places: The Garden as a Heterotopic Site in Contemporary Art." Brock Review 10, no. 1 (November 14, 2008): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/br.v10i1.30.
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According to Michel Foucault, a heterotopia is a site where the differentiation between a location and its temporality is related to theoretical and societal concerns that challenge the notion of history, location, and subjectivity. Contemporary artists such as Stan Douglas and Hew Locke utilize the garden as heterotopic space for intervention in their work in order to investigate and challenge linear notions of time, space and subjectivity. Stan Douglas examines the historical and social underpinnings of the community gardens in early nineteenth century Northern Europe, otherwise known as the potsdamer schrebergärten, and recreates the tableau of the garden in his piece, Der Sandman. Similarly, artist Hew Locke draws upon the art of the topiary and creates an assemblage topiary sculpture, titled Black Queen, where found objects are utilized to recontextualize the concept of the garden topiary as a site of a postcolonial experience. This article investigates the way that nature, in this case the garden, is utilized and represented in contemporary art. By analyzing and applying Foucault’s lecture, “Of Other Spaces” and definition of heterotopias to the work of artists such as Douglas and Locke, the paper aims to illuminate the connection between site and subjectivity, and the multiplicity of meaning that results from the garden as being the quintessential site of postmodern experience.
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Samad, Afra, Madiha Syed, and Arbaz Samad. "HETEROTOPIC SALIVARY GLAND." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 02 (February 10, 2018): 332–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2018.25.02.467.
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Background: Salivary glands heterotopia is defined as presence of salivary glandtissue outside its normal location.1 Salivary gland heterotopia in ileum leading to obstruction& intussusception is extremely rare. Only two such cases have been reported previously.Case Report: We report a case of 2 years old male who presented with history of vomiting,constipation and bleeding per rectum for one week. Clinical impression was intestinal obstructionand intussusception. An emergency exploratory laparotomy was performed and intraluminalileal polyp was resected. Histopathological examination of the excised polyp demonstratedsalivary gland tissue. Conclusion: Though extremely rare heterotopic salivary gland should beconsidered in differential diagnosis of intestinal obstruction and intussusception.
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Bhargava, Deepa, R. Raman, Rashid Khalfan Al Abri, and Bharti Bushnurmath. "Heterotopia of the tonsil." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 110, no. 6 (June 1996): 611–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100134401.
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AbstractThe histopathological finding of heterotopias or choristoma is rare. This paper describes two patients who presented with chronic recurrent tonsillitis and underwent tonsillectomy. Histological examination revealed heterotopic cartilage in the tonsil of one patient and bone in that otthe other.
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Olaleye, Ayodele A., Boniface N. Ejikeme, Eziaha E. Okeke, Nwabunike E. S. Ede, Bartholomew I. Olinya, Charles N. Edene, John C. Obasi, Emmanuel O. Onyekelu, and Amuchechukwu V. Nwafor. "Heterotropic pregnancy: a common masquerade than ever thought?" International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 10, no. 12 (November 22, 2021): 1410. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20214508.
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Heterotopic pregnancy, coexistence of living or dead intrauterine pregnancy, single or multiple, with extra-uterine pregnancy located in the oviduct, ovary, uterine cornua, cervix or rarely peritoneal cavity. Heterotropic pregnancy is relatively uncommon in spontaneous conception with 1 in 30,000 cases reported, the incidence of heterotopic pregnancy increases to 1 in 3900 when conception is enhanced with various assisted reproduction techniques (ART). It is an ectopic pregnancy coexisting with intrauterine pregnancy. But is the incidence of heterotropic pregnancy rising? A case was reported from our centre in 2018 by Ejikeme et al, and we have recorded another two cases in the period of one year. Ectopic pregnancy has been described as a great masquerader, which makes diagnosis and management of heterotropic pregnancy a dilemma to attending physician. We present a case of an unbooked 26 years old G4P3+0 who has no family history of multiple gestation and presented at gestational age of 8 weeks and 5 days with 2 days history of abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding and 2 hours history of loss of consciousness. She later had exploratory laparotomy with left salpingectomy and manual vacuum aspiration of Retained Products of Conception with good outcome. In conclusion, spontaneous heterotropic pregnancy is a rare occurrence, however with advent of artificial reproductive technology and increase incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease, the incidence could be higher than earlier suspected.
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Keene, Daniel L., Janet Olds, and William J. Logan. "Functional MRI Study of Verbal Fluency in a Patient with Subcortical Laminar Heterotopia." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 31, no. 2 (May 2004): 261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100053920.
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AbstractRationale:Double cortex syndrome is a malformation in which there is a band of subcortical heterotopic grey matter separated from the cortex by white matter. The functional activity of the heterotopic neurons is unclear.Patient:A 13-year-old female was evaluated for seizures. The EEG showed bifrontal spike wave disturbance. Band heterotopia, in association with mild reduction of sulcation of the cerebral hemispheres, was found on MRI. Psychological assessment indicated the presence of variable cognitive abilities, with verbal IQ [82] generally better than nonverbal IQ [59], and specific difficulties in language comprehension and mathematics.Method:Functional MRI was used to localize the areas of language and motor activation. The language activation paradigm was a visual verb generation task with a visual fixation baseline. The motor paradigm consisted of alternating blocks of sequential finger tapping and rest. Coronal functional and anatomical images were obtained.Results:The motor paradigm produced activation of the primary motor cortex, the band heterotopia and the supplementary motor cortex. The language paradigm produced activation of the left inferior frontal gyrus and left supplementary motor area, but not of the band heterotopia.Conclusions:The activation of heterotopic grey matter during a motor task demonstrates a hemodynamic association with motor activity and suggests that this tissue may be functional. Such association was not seen with the language task. We speculate that later maturing functions such as language are restricted in their development to the normal situated superficial cortex in our patient.
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Batsakis, John G. "Heterotopic and Accessory Salivary Tissues." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 95, no. 4 (July 1986): 434–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348948609500422.
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Heterotopic salivary tissue is found where salivary glands are not normally placed or expected. Sites of predilection are in the neck, where the heterotopias appear to bear a relationship to the branchial apparatus, and within the mandible. Neoplastic transformation is unusual, especially so for the extraosseous heterotopias. This contrasts with accessory salivary tissue, which consists of detachments from a major salivary gland occurring along the external duct systems. Accessory salivary tissue is heir to all the diseases of the parent glands.
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Veiga-Neto, Alfredo. "As duas faces da moeda: heterotopias e emplazamientos curriculares." Educação em Revista, no. 45 (June 2007): 249–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-46982007000100013.
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A partir dos conceitos foucaultianos de heterotopia e episteme, e do conceito de emplazamiento, proposto por Jorge Larrosa, este artigo discute algumas questões acerca das relações entre o espaço e o currículo. O currículo é aqui compreendido como um artefato que contribuiu para um tipo muito particular de representação do espaço, na episteme clássica. O currículo funcionou para que a espacialidade medieval sensorial, finita e fechada fosse substituída por uma nova espacialidade abstrata, infinita e aberta. Mais tarde, na Modernidade, tal espacialidade extensional deu lugar a uma espacialidade posicional e reticular, a favor da qual o currículo continuou trabalhando. Agora, na Pós-Modernidade, o espaço está assumindo novas configurações. Para descrever uma dessas novas configurações, é muito útil o conceito foucaultiano de heterotopia. As heterotopias são lugares reais, mas elas parecem estar em oposição em relação aos lugares comuns em que vivemos. Desse modo, as heterotopias confundem a linguagem e perturbam nosso entendimento, mas, ao mesmo tempo, abrem a possibilidade de novos pensamentos, novas representações e novos insights acerca do mundo que nos rodeia. Este artigo sugere que é possível conceber o emplazamiento de Larrosa como uma heterotopia. Nesse caso, dá-se a própria profanação da Pedagogia, de modo que novas possibilidades abrem-se para as nossas teorizações e práticas educacionais.
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Yucel, Sebnem. "Minority heterotopias: the cortijos of İzmir." Architectural Research Quarterly 20, no. 3 (September 2016): 245–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135516000415.
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This article introduces the cortijos of İzmir and discusses them as heterotopic places. Originally belonging to the Sephardi Jewish residents of İzmir during the Ottoman times, cortijos were one or two-storey buildings organised around a courtyard, with shared facilities such as toilets and kitchen. The Sephardi inhabitants of cortijos were among the poorest in their community and each family lived in a small single room opening out onto a courtyard. After the immigration of the majority of the Sephardis to Israel in the 1950s, these buildings started to be occupied by equally poor migrants from Eastern Anatolia. In time the demographics of the inhabitants changed even more, replacing families with single, aged and unemployed individuals. Despite changes in the resident profiles, the heterotopic features of cortijos were neither changed nor challenged and only oscillated between heterotopias of crisis and heterotopias of deviation. With a special focus on a documentary photography exhibit on cortijos, titled Kortejo/Aile Evleri, this article discusses their heterotopic features, both in relation to their history and to their current condition. The article concludes by highlighting the new-found public and municipal interest in these buildings after their aestheticisation through photographic images. This new interest suggests an appropriation of the cortijo into the needs and expectations of the consumer society.
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Tufi, Stefania. "Liminality, heterotopic sites, and the linguistic landscape." Linguistic Landscape. An international journal 3, no. 1 (June 18, 2017): 78–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ll.3.1.04tuf.
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Abstract This paper is an investigation into the construction of Venice as a heterotopia – another place – characterised by a liminal linguistic landscape (LL) against a background of mass tourism seen as the enactment of different tourist subjectivities converging onto a peculiarly transnational space. The first part of the study contextualises mass tourism and outlines the concepts of liminality, deterritorialisation and heterotopia. The second part presents and discusses the data, which lay the basis for a linguistic and semiotic reading of Venice’s public space. The conclusion proposes an interpretation of Venice’s LL as a deterritorialised, heterotopic and liminal space, and, importantly, highlights that LL studies have much to contribute to an understanding of late modernity.
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Lee, Kevin S., Jennifer L. Collins, Matthew J. Anzivino, Eric A. Frankel, and Frank Schottler. "Heterotopic Neurogenesis in a Rat with Cortical Heterotopia." Journal of Neuroscience 18, no. 22 (November 15, 1998): 9365–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.18-22-09365.1998.
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Markar’yan, Irina V., Natalia V. Yermolova, Nina A. Drukker, Vladimir Y. Mazhugin, Alexander N. Rymasheuski, and Sofia A. Trushina. "Morphological substantiation of pathogenetic therapyof external genital endometriosis." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 65, no. 6 (December 15, 2016): 100–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd656100-103.
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With the help of morphological study examined endometrioid heterotopias and eutopic endometrium in external genital endometriosis. Histological examination of surgical specimens of endometrial cancer were detected in endometrioid heterotopia, in eutopic endometrium occurred glandular-cystic hyperplasia of the proliferative and secretory type. Have been identified in the heterotopias expressed angiomatosis in patients with III-IV stages of endometriosis. It is proved that inflammatory changes in endometrioid heterotopias more pronounced with stage I-II stages of endometriosis, whereas hyalinosis sclerosis and how the outcomes of the process prevalent in patients with stage III-IV. The difference parameters in ectopic and eutopic endometrium shows marked morphological heterogeneity of both nuclear and cytoplasmic structures. Morphological changes in the heterotopias are intended to justify Dienogest (2 mg) for the treatment of external genital endometriosis.
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Quemelo, Paulo Roberto Veiga, and Luiz Cesar Peres. "Proliferation and cell death in an experimental model of brain tissue heterotopia in the lung." Acta Cirurgica Brasileira 25, no. 4 (August 2010): 328–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-86502010000400005.
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PURPOSE: To investigate the proliferation and neuronal death in brain tissue heterotopia in the lung in an experimental model during both fetal and neonatal periods. METHODS: Twenty four pregnant female Swiss mice were used to induce brain tissue heterotopia on the 15th gestational day. Briefly, the brain of one fetus of each dam was extracted, disaggregated and injected into the right hemithorax of siblings. Six of these fetuses with pulmonary brain tissue implantation (PBI) were collected on the 18th gestational day (group E18) and six other on the 8th postnatal day (group P8). Immunohistochemical staining for PCNA and Bcl2 were used to assess proliferation and cell death. RESULTS: PCNA Labelling Index (LI) in heterotopic brain tissue was greater in fetal than postnatal period (E18 > P8) (p<0.05) and the immunostaining with Bcl2 antibody did not show difference. CONCLUSION: Cell proliferation is maintained in brain tissue heterotopia, although apoptosis is also observed.
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Gibas, Petr, and Blanka Nyklová. "Staying in a fallout shelter: exploring ostalgia through post-socialist heterotopia." cultural geographies 26, no. 4 (January 22, 2019): 519–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474474018824086.
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This article details our attempts at making sense of an ostalgic heterotopic space. We relay here our analysis of staying in and exploring a disused air raid shelter built during WWII, converted into a fallout shelter at the beginning of the Cold War and recently repurposed in an anti-communist museum/tourist hotel/ostalgic canteen called 10Z Bunker. As we enter the subterranean tunnels packed with memorabilia from an indistinct ‘past’, we strive to shed some light on the dim heterotopic space we found. We explore the intersection of material objects and partly refurbished underground spaces and employ the concept of heterotopia to understand how ostalgia is enmeshed with anti-communism in this commodified history display. We argue that the heterotopic (and heterochronic) nature of the display allows for stripping ostalgia of its disruptive potential to challenge the prevailing narratives of Western domination and using it to further the anti-communist meaning promulgated by the 10Z Bunker.
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Cheeseman, M. T., D. F. Kelly, and E. D. C. Birnie. "Heterotopic pancreas at a site of colon stricture and ulceration in a guineapig." Laboratory Animals 32, no. 2 (April 1, 1998): 219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/002367798780600043.
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A one-month-old female Dunkin Hartley guineapig presented with a thin hair coat and distended abdomen. Post-mortem findings after euthanasia were a protein-rich modified peritoneal transudate and heterotopic pancreas at a site of colon stricture and ulceration. Complications of pancreatic heterotopia are well recognized in man but not in animals. The finding in this individual is probably unrelated to sudden deaths in other animals in the group.
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Sajjad, Noor-ul-Ain, and Ayesha Perveen. "Private Heterotopia and the Public Space: An Incongruity Explored Through Orhan Pamuk’s My Name Is Red." SAGE Open 9, no. 1 (January 2019): 215824401882449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244018824490.
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The article studies art, as presented in Orhan Pamuk’s My Name Is Red, as a heterotopia based on Michel Foucault’s six principles. After outlining the six principles of heterotopia as enunciated by Foucault, the study excavates heterotopia of crisis and deviation from the novel. Art as a medium of representation has cathartic potential creating heterotopia in societies dominated by public discourses against art. It provides the artist with a medium for personal and private expression, thus creating a desanctified space. The notion that art that is made public restricts such liberty for the artist is proposed and justified. In My Name Is Red, characters such as Elegant Effendi and Olive can be seen tormented by the conflict between the social and the heterotopic. True expression of their art makes both of them lose their place, albeit in different ways. This implies that if a heterotopia of deviation has to be made public, in most cases, the honesty of expression is tampered with by the artist, even if unconsciously, because of societal pressures. Heterotopia of deviation is not compatible with the public gaze and making it public will create a heterotopia of crisis for the honest artists. This is why the artist hides his real creative inspiration. If art could be accepted as a desanctified medium without any moral or hegemonic judgment, it might attain its desired impact which politicization of the medium restricts in many judgmental societies. Pamuk pens this dilemma down by taking his readers back to the 16th-century Istanbul while drawing a parallel to the present era.
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Srinivasan, Radhika, Harold Loewenstine, and James E. Mayle. "Sessile Polypoid Gastric Heterotopia of Rectum." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 123, no. 3 (March 1, 1999): 222–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/1999-123-0222-spghor.
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Abstract Objective.—The term heterotopia, a term derived from Greek, implies “other place.” It refers to the finding of normal tissues at foreign sites. Heterotopic gastric tissue rarely involves the large bowel. We report 2 cases of this rare entity. Data Sources.—Case reports of 2 patients with sessile polypoid lesion in the rectum, with a review of the available literature, using both MEDLINE and relevant bibliographies of published articles. Results.—Biopsies of the rectal lesions in our 2 cases reveled the presence of gastric tissue. Only 27 other such cases have been reported in the English literature. Conclusions.—Patients with rectal gastric heterotopia usually present with bleeding, but other presentations and complications are possible. Endoscopic or surgical excision is the treatment of choice, although the lesions also respond to histamine 2 receptor blockers.
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Bernardes, Anita Guazzelli, and Jeferson Camargo Taborda. "EscritaCom: Heterotopias / Writewith: Heterotopias." Revista Polis e Psique 6, no. 1 (January 6, 2016): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/2238-152x.61386.
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ResumoEste artigo focaliza uma reflexão sobre a escritaCom a partir do conceito de heterotopia. O conceito de heterotopia permitiria uma zona de aproximação e de criação de um espaço outro, na medida em que se considerar que um exercício de escrita se faz em um espaço. A heterotopia torna-se fio condutor para um exercício de pensamento sobre a escritaCom. Afirma-se que a escritaCom constitui uma possibilidade heterotópica porque o escrever exclusivamente solitário constitui uma utopia. Isto porque nunca se escreve solitariamente: multiplicidades de vozes fazem-se presentes a cada pensamento e a cada palavra. A escritaCom é tomada como uma política de pesquisa e torna-se, ela mesma, a condição mediante a qual a pesquisa se encontra com a vida. Um vetor afetivo que permite perseguir desdobramentos éticos e políticos na pesquisa, a partir do qual se tornaria possível conciliar política e afetos.Palavras-chave: escrita; heterotopia; pesquisa; afeto; política. AbstractThis article focuses on the writeWith embodied methodology from the vantage point of the concept of heterotopia. Heterotopia would allow an approach zone and creation of an other-place, to the extent that one may consider that a writing exercise is conducted somewhere. Heterotopia becomes the conducting wire for a thought exercise that engages writingWith. We contend that to writeWith is a heterotopic possibility because to write alone, exclusively, is a utopia. One never writes alone: a multiplicity of voices make themselves present in each thought and in each word. When writeWith is adopted as a research policy it becomes a mediating condition for the encounter of research with life; it becomes an affective vector that allows one to follow ethical and political unfoldings in the research, and through which it would become possible to reconcile policies and affects. Keys words: writing; heterotopia; research, affections; policy.
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Calcagnotto, Maria Elisa, and Scott C. Baraban. "Prolonged NMDA-Mediated Responses, Altered Ifenprodil Sensitivity, and Epileptiform-Like Events in the Malformed Hippocampus of Methylazoxymethanol Exposed Rats." Journal of Neurophysiology 94, no. 1 (July 2005): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01155.2004.
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Cortical malformations are often associated with refractory epilepsy and cognitive deficit. Clinical and experimental studies have demonstrated an important role for glutamate-mediated synaptic transmission in these conditions. Using whole cell voltage-clamp techniques, we examined evoked glutamate-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents (eEPSCs) and responses to exogenously applied glutamate on hippocampal heterotopic cells in an animal model of malformation i.e., rats exposed to methylazoxymethanol (MAM) in utero. Analysis revealed that the late N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated eEPSC component was significantly increased on heterotopic cells compared with age-matched normotopic pyramidal cells. At a holding potential of +40 mV, heterotopic cells also exhibited eEPSCs with a slower decay-time constant. No differences in the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) component of eEPSCs were detected. In 23% of heterotopic pyramidal cells, electrical stimulation evoked prolonged burst-like responses. Focal application of glutamate (10 mM) targeted to different sites near the heterotopia also evoked epileptiform-like bursts on heterotopic cells. Ifenprodil (10 μM), an NR2B subunit antagonist, only slightly reduced the NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-mediated component and amplitude of eEPSCs on heterotopic cells (MAM) but significantly decreased the late component and peak amplitude of eEPSCs in normotopic cells (control). Our data demonstrate a functional alteration in the NMDA-mediated component of excitatory synaptic transmission in heterotopic cells and suggest that this alteration may be attributable, at least in part, to changes in composition and function of the NMDAR subunit. Changes in NMDAR function may directly contribute to the hyperexcitability and cognitive deficits reported in animal models and patients with brain malformations.