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Academic literature on the topic 'Hévéas – Teneur en carbone'
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Journal articles on the topic "Hévéas – Teneur en carbone"
Capan, Levon, Hasan Cep, Sakin Zeytin, and Zerrin Oktem. "Résistance à l’usure des aciers à haute teneur en carbone." Matériaux & Techniques 83, no. 5-6 (1995): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mattech/199583050005.
Full textBrucelle, O., E. Lemaire, and H. Petitgand. "Quantification microstructurale d’aciers ferrito-bainitiques à basse teneur en carbone." Revue de Métallurgie 90, no. 9 (September 1993): 1130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/199390091130.
Full textLeclercq, A., B. Sarter, and P. Ravaux. "Élaboration d'aciers à très basse teneur en carbone au convertisseur LWS." Revue de Métallurgie 85, no. 1 (January 1988): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/198885010043.
Full textSaint-Raymond, H., D. Huin, F. Stouvenot, J. P. Ritt, B. Louis, R. Pluquet, and A. d’Anselme. "Cinétique de décarburation au RH d’acier à ultra-basse teneur en carbone." Revue de Métallurgie 96, no. 11 (November 1999): 1381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/199996111381.
Full textGilliot, Jean-Marc, Emmanuelle Vaudour, Joël Michelin, and Sabine Houot. "Estimation des teneurs en carbone organique des sols agricoles par télédétection par drone." Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, no. 213 (April 26, 2017): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.52638/rfpt.2017.193.
Full textVidonne, A., A. Guyard, F. Remy, and J. Verneaux. "Utilisation d'un «indice de réflexion» pour l'analyse rapide des sédiments lacustres." Revue des sciences de l'eau 1, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 239–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705011ar.
Full textGerritsen, D. J., and J. G. van Pelt. "Teneur en Hydrates de Carbone et „Facteur D'albumine”︁ de la Chair de Moule (II)." Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas 64, no. 11 (September 3, 2010): 310–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/recl.19450641104.
Full textMessager, L., and C. Perdrix. "Métallurgie du refroidissement au train à bandes des aciers à haute teneur en carbone." Revue de Métallurgie 91, no. 9 (September 1994): 1263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/199491091263.
Full textCapan, Levon, Zerrin Oktem, Murat Tepecik, and Sakin Zeytin. "Optimisation des caractéristiques d’usure et de la microstructure des aciers à haute teneur en carbone." Matériaux & Techniques 81, no. 4-5 (1993): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mattech/199381040029.
Full textRazafimbelo, Tantely Maminiaina, Andry Andriamananjara, Tovonarivo Rafolisy, Herintsitohaina Razakamanarivo, Dominique Masse, Eric Blanchart, Marie-Virginie Falinirina, Laetitia Bernard, Nasandratra Ravonjiarison, and Alain Albrecht. "Impact de l’agriculture climato-intelligente sur les stocks de carbone organique du sol à Madagascar." Cahiers Agricultures 27, no. 3 (May 2018): 35001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/cagri/2018017.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Hévéas – Teneur en carbone"
Thaler, Philippe. "Relations entre développement racinaire et développement aérien : modélisation de l'influence de la disponibilité en assimilats carbonés sur l'architecture racinaire d'"Hevea brasiliensis"." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20258.
Full textMaeght, Jean-Luc. "L'influence de la variabilité climatique sur l’enracinement superficiel et profond d'arbres adultes en plantation : les cas de l’hévéa (hevea brasiliensis) et du teck (tectona grandis) sous contraintes hydriques en Asie du sud est." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20158/document.
Full textThe root system is essential but essentially invisible. Plants are anchored to the soil through their root system; their adaptation and survival abilities are highly dependent on their ability to learn to take advantage of the space that surrounds them. Certain trees are nevertheless some of the largest and oldest living species on the planet- evidence of their ability to adapt to changes in their environment. Within managed anthropogenic constraints, particular species are vulnerable. It is clear that a wide range of parameters are likely to influence the root system and its operation, which offers many entry points to improve our understanding of a root's capacity for expansion, its dynamics, its role within the plant itself and within the soil plant atmosphere continuum. Available data on the extent and dynamics of plant roots includes several thousand references. However, the vast majority of these observations were made within the first meter of the soil profile. Data acquisition for the fine and/or deep roots is currently limited by constraints of time and financial resources. To overcome this lack of information, while trying to assess root dynamics under different environmental conditions, many models have been developed. However, it is still difficult to describe the complexity of root development in the community and to integrate its "plasticity".To understand such a complex environment, we must work toward establishing a definition of objectives and the tools necessary to develop and implement them. The work developed in the first part of this thesis is the subject of two articles and focuses on a literature review about deep roots. The vital role of the root system for the plant is well highlighted, as is its impact as a link within the atmosphere. We discuss the role of deep roots in carbon storage, which is critical and often underestimated. The different techniques for accessing the root systems in situ are also considered, and we present our access technique for observing the roots down to depths of five meters. We have also developed tools for shooting through a flatbed scanner and image analysis ( IJ_Rizo ) now available online.In the second part of the thesis, we focus on the study of root systems of adult rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis L. RRIM 600) in the northeast of Thailand. Thailand has greatly expanded its acreage to extend its operations beyond its natural climate zone, into areas of high water stress. In this context, we studied the seasonality and dynamics of fine roots for three years and their contribution to the carbon cycle. We were able to highlight the continuity of root dynamics during independent periods of defoliation, yet link these to the seasonality of rainfall. We were also able to characterize the low differentiation of root dynamics at 0 to 4.5 m of depth in this context.The third part of the thesis concerns the study of teak particular to the region of Luang Prabang, Laos. By applying the rain exclusion technique for 2 years on a plantation of twenty-year-old trees, we observed the influence of precipitation patterns. During the period of water stress, an almost total cessation of root growth, at the surface and significant depths, has been highlighted. We conclude that in the case of species with a high dependence on water resources there is a direct impact on the physiological state and stagnated trunk growth. Some individuals have demonstrated an ability to adapt by changing their foliation/defoliation cycle, accompanied by a resumption of trunk growth during the second year of imposed drought. We also demonstrated the importance of rooting as a means of carbon storage, which in this context represents more than 45% of total carbon- roughly double the amount published in other literature .The data obtained for the species studied in this paper can be used for modelling scenarios simulating climate change and changing land use
Chelly, Ben Younes Amina. "Sur la conception des chaînes logistiques à faible teneur en carbone." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAI074.
Full textGovernment regulations and responsible customers’ behavior are key drivers for businesses to adopt respectful management strategies towards the environment and reduce the overall carbon emissions of their supply chains.Under a strict carbon emissions legislation and the increased awareness of customers about carbon emissions issues, companies are now pushed to improve their environmental performance to achieve better profits. Thus, they need to make optimal decisions within their Supply Chain Management to reduce the carbon emissions that are generated from their various activities.In this context, we identify the issue of the low carbon supply chain management. In this thesis, our objective is first to study this problem and to identify its key drivers. We then aim to review the literature and to study how quantitative models have addressed this problem and its related constraints. We therefore develop new models of low carbon supply design problems under the carbon tax legislation, which is recognized to be one of the relevant applied carbon legislations. In our proposed models, we particularly emphasize on the features of this carbon regulation that have been ignored within the literature. We first study strategic decisions of the company taking into consideration the non-homogeneous carbon tax scheme between countries. We then, study the investment decision of the company under a progressive carbon tax strategy. Through analytical and numerical analyses, we study the impact of such carbon legislations schemes on strategic decisions of the company and its performances. We aim to provide companies with a decision support tool to help them make optimal strategic decisions under this carbon legislation. We also provide recommendations to governments, as to which carbon tax legislations are the most efficient. Finally, we initiate the development of stochastic models to study the strategic investment problem in such an environmental context. We first consider a random customer demand, and then a dynamic and uncertain carbon tax regulation. We proceed to the evaluation of our developed stochastic models through numerical examples and comparisons of their results to those of deterministic models that are widely studied within the literature
Valenzuela, Nunez Luis Manuel. "Comparaison interspécifique de la dynamique saisonnière de composés azotés et carbonés chez le chêne sessile (Quercus petraea Matt. Liebl. ), le chêne pédonculé (Quercus robur L. ) et le hêtre (Fagus sylvatica L. ) aux stades juvéniles et adultes : effet de la défoliation et de la lumière sur la gestion des réserves." Nancy 1, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2006_0177_VALENZUELA-NUNEZ.pdf.
Full textThis research allows us to compare the biomass composition in nitrogenous and carbon compounds in three forest tree species. C contents (g / kg biomass) are stable whatever the species and age. N contents (g / kg biomass) are 10 times more in young trees, whatever the species. It has important links between N content and age. The C/N ratio is almost 10 times less in young trees, due to their content of total nitrogen. Stocks for a given age are comparable between species. Starch contributes to total carbon in a more important fraction in young trees: 50 % against 8 % in adult trees. Starch concentration in Quercus robur is more elevated in comparison with Quercus petraea and Fagus sylvatica. This comparison of species, in both youth and adult ages, allowed the evidence of different physiological mechanisms, linked to phenology. This research concerned the characterization of carbon and nitrogenous reserves by difference of present quantities at tree level in two dates corresponding to important phenologic stages. We used the 15N labelling, which allowed partitioning of nitrogen neo-assimilated to nitrogen coming from reserves remobilisation, in young trees defoliated and in different light conditions. Carbon and nitrogen remobilisation of reserves seems to be not synchronous and differed among species: oak renew only 10% of its nitrogen while beech renew 20%. We have characterized a 25kDa polypeptide in the trunk sapwood of Quercus robur, this polypeptide presents all characteristics of a Vegetative Storage Protein (VSP). Limits and uncertainties of methods used during this research are discussed
Point, Sébastien. "Synthèse par PECVD et caractérisation de nanotubes de carbone orientés." Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT2024.
Full textThis work concerns the synthesis of oriented carbon nanotubes (CNT) using a low pressure microwave plasma excited by electron cyclotron resonance (ECR PECVD). The CNT structure and chemical environment are studied as a function of the nature of the metallic catalyst (Ni, Fe, Pd) deposited by plasma sputtering (PVD), of the substrate temperature and of the composition of the gas mixture (C2H2/NH3 or C2H2/H2). This ECR PECVD process allows the growth of oriented CNT from 550°C. Information on the deposition rate and the structure of CNT are provided by scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy analyses. XPS, XANES and EELS analyses show that nitrogen is incorporated into the CNT walls when C2H2/NH3 plasma is used. As well, the dominant nitrogen environment was characterized. In addition, carbon nanofibers have been obtained at room temperature by associating to ECR acetylene plasma a nitrogen atom source
Kuppel, Sylvain. "Assimilation de mesures de flux turbulents d'eau et de carbone dans un modèle de la biosphère continentale." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012VERS0041.
Full textAssimilating terrestrial ecosystem data is an approach increasingly used to fill the gap between experimental observations and the ecophysiological theory as embodied in process-based land surface models. In this thesis, we have sought to use the information content of eddy covariance measurements of net carbon dioxide (NEE) and latent heat (LE) fluxes made at the sites of the FLUXNET global network, aiming at optimizing key parameters of the ORCHIDEE vegetation model and at refining the uncertainty budget. A Bayesian statistical approach has been chosen, so as to account for prior knowledge of the uncertainties related to the model parameters, the model equations, and the measurements. The major line of work has been to develop a data assimilation method where observations from several flux sites are simultaneously used as a constraint, in order to optimize a unique set of parameters considered as generic within a given class of ecosystem. We found that this multi-site approach significantly improves the model-data agreement at seasonal and annual time scales, with performances fairly similar to those brought by site-scaled, independently optimized parameters (single-site approach). We notably discuss the fact that the multi-site parameters’ values are not always a mere average of their single-site counterparts. Making use complementary data, we also evaluated the ability of the multi-site optimizations to improve the simulation of the gross carbon fluxes (photosynthesis and respiration) at the site scale, while at the global scale we considered the modeled phenology of the leaf cover and the seasonal cycle of the atmospheric CO2 concentration. Within our methodological developments, we have also proposed a technique to infer the statistical structure of the error stemming from inadequate and/or missing process representations in a global vegetation model such as ORCHIDEE. Focusing on net carbon fluxes, our results suggest that this « model error » deserves an explicit representation in the uncertainty budget inherent to carbon cycle modeling
Petitat, Manuel. "Cr isotopes in carbonaceous chondrites : 53Mn-53Cr systematics and Cr isotopic anomalies." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MNHN0017.
Full textThis thesis has 2 distinct parts. In part I, the 53Mn-53Cr systematics was developed on a NanoSIMS and a CAMECA IMS 1270 to date the formation of carbonates in Orgueil, Alais, Boriskino and Kaidun. For each grain, the 53Cr excesses measured linearly correlated with their respective 55Mn/52Cr ratios, indicating the in-situ decay of 53Mn and showing that 53Mn was still extent at the time of formation of the respective carbonate. In part II, fragments of Tagish Lake and of Orgueil were dissolved in 5 different steps by using reagents with increasing acid strength to identify the different mineral phases carrying the Cr anomalies. Our results show that Tagish Lake displays both the highest excess and the highest deficit in 54Cr relative to a terrestrial standard of all groups of carbonaceous chondrite meteorites. This makes this meteorite one of the least metamorphic meteorite present in the collections worldwide and a particular target for deciphering the carrier phase of the 54Cr anomaly
Miragliotta, Régis. "Modélisation des processus physico-chimiques de la carbonatation des bétons préfabriqués : prise en compte des effets de paroi." La Rochelle, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LAROS046.
Full textSublet, Marcq Julie. "Membranes et procédés pour l’abattement de la teneur en dioxyde de carbone dans les fumées." Rouen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ROUES052.
Full textThe present work brings an other point of view concerning the CO2 separation from flue gases by using membrane technology. The study of the permeation properties of the commercial copolymers Pebax® as well as the analysis of the gas separation performances of composite membranes by means of mathematical modelling are presented. The aim was to modified the best Pebax® grade with a simple technique to improve the material properties for CO2/N2 separation. Composite membranes made of a thin layer of Pebax® supported by a porous substrate were next designed and analysed. Potential performances concerning CO2 postcombustion capture were calculated. The blend of Pebax® 1657 with polyethylene glycol gives PCO2 = 127. 9 Barrers and alphaCO2/N2 = 79. 9. Modellings based on a crossflow permeator showed that the membrane process could be competitive for CO2 postcombustion capture under certain operating conditions (CO2 concentration, pressure and temperature)
Marone, Diatta. "Étude du potentiel de stock de carbone d’espèces agroforestières et de leurs traits fonctionnels en lien avec les systèmes d’utilisation des terres au Sénégal." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25721.
Full textIn Africa, agroforestry technologies play a major socio-economic role, but their potential and that of the principal woody species to contribute to carbon stocks is still poorly understood. As well, the potential of these species to respond to a changing environment is poorly documented. We measured the carbon stock of five local tree species (Acacia raddiana, Balanites aegyptiaca, Euphorbia balsamifera, Faidherbia albida and Neocarya macrophylla) and soil-plant carbon storage associated with three agroforestry technologies (fallow, park land, and rangeland) in three contrasting soil textures (clay, sandy and sandy loam). We evaluated the root depth distribution profile (RDD) and the specific root length (SRL) of these species under these conditions. Intraspecific variation in leaf traits (specific leaf area (SLA); leaf dry matter content (LDMC); leaf carbon and nitrogen content (LCC LNC); SRL, root carbon and nitrogen content (RCC, RNC) ) of these species was also investigated in three soil textures and over three seasons: rainy season (SP), hot dry season (SSC), and cool dry season (SSF). The carbon stored in biomass was higher in sandy soils, while clay soil showed the highest soil carbon stocks. Carbon stored in the soil-plant system was highest in fallow, compared to park land and to rangeland. The RDD did not change with either soil texture or agroforestry technology, and a maximum of root biomass was consistently observed between 40 and 60 cm deep. The SRL was higher in park lands, rangelands and sandy soils, with low soil organic matter, and in the SSC, the most stressful season. Evergreen species generally showed greater variability of traits in response to soil texture and season. Intraspecific variability of SLA was higher in SSC, while the opposite was observed for the SRL. During the SP, a positive correlation was noted between SLA and SRL. Short periods of fallow enriched by evergreen and deciduous nitrogen fixing species would contribute to increase the carbon stocks of degraded lands in these study sites.
Books on the topic "Hévéas – Teneur en carbone"
Smith, W. Soil degradation risk indicator: Organic carbon component. Ottawa: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1997.
Find full textVercammen, James. Dynamic economic modeling of soil carbon. [Ottawa]: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2002.
Find full textSmyth, C. E. Decreasing uncertainty in CBM-CFS3 estimates of forest soil carbon sources and sinks through use of long-term data from the Canadian Intersite Decomposition Experiment. Victoria, B.C: Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre, 2010.
Find full text1958-, Kurz Werner Alexander, Canada-British Columbia Partnership Agreement on Forest Resource Development: FRDA II., Canadian Forest Service, and British Columbia. Ministry of Forests., eds. The carbon budget of British Columbia's forests, 1920-1989: Preliminary analysis and recommendations for refinements. Victoria, B.C: Canadian Forest Service, 1996.
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