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Journal articles on the topic 'Hexadecanoic acid'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Jargalsaikhan, U., S. Javzan, D. Selenge, D. Nedelcheva, S. Philipov, and J. Nadmid. "Fatty acids and their esters from Cicuta virosa L." Mongolian Journal of Chemistry 14 (October 3, 2014): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjc.v14i0.203.

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n-Hexane and chloroform fractions of aerial parts and roots of Cicuta virosa L. were investigated by GC-MS. As a result of the study 25 fatty acids and their esters have been identified. Two unsaturated esters such as linoleic acid ethyl ester (IX, 16.66%), and n- hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester (VII, 10.12%), the fatty acid n-hexadecanioc acid (VI, 8.10%) made up the bulk of the aerial parts. Four unsaturated esters such as linoleic acid ethyl ester (IX, 10.15%), dibutylphthalate (XII, 9.55%), n-hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester (VII, 8.19%) and 9, 12, 15 - octadecatrienoic acid ethyl ester (X, 5.9%), two fatty acids as n-hexadecanoic acid (VI, 8,15%) and 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (VIII, 4,5%) predominated in the roots of Cicuta virosa L. These known fatty acids and their esters were found for the first time in this plant species. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjc.v14i0.203 Mongolian Journal of Chemistry 14 (40), 2013, p71-74
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2

Moreno, Evelyn, Raquel Cordobilla, Teresa Calvet, Fernando J. Lahoz, and Ana I. Balana. "TheCform ofn-hexadecanoic acid." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 62, no. 3 (February 11, 2006): o129—o131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270106003106.

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3

Park, Myong-Ok. "New Pathway for Long-Chain n-Alkane Synthesis via 1-Alcohol in Vibrio furnissii M1." Journal of Bacteriology 187, no. 4 (February 15, 2005): 1426–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.4.1426-1429.2005.

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ABSTRACT Alkane biosynthesis in the bacterium Vibrio furnissii M1 involves the synthesis of long-chain alkanes via 1-alcohol. Evidence for this novel pathway are the following. (i) Both even- and odd-carbon-number n-alkanes were produced from glucose, while only even-carbon-number fatty acids were produced in V. furnissii M1. This result cannot be explained by the decarbonylation pathway. (ii) Pentadecane and hexadecane were produced from 1-hexadecanoic acid by membrane fractions of V. furnissii M1, and radioisotope precursor-tracer experiments, in which 1-[1-14C]hexadecanoic acid was fed, identified the corresponding alcohol, aldehyde, and alkane derivatives. Since all metabolites maintained the radioisotope label at 1-C, they were produced by a pathway in which the carbon structure was retained, i.e., a reduction pathway. (iii) n-Hexadecane was produced when 1-hexadecanol was fed to membrane preparations.
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4

Protiva, Jiří, Jaroslav Pecka, Eva Klinotová, and Miloš Procházka. "Synthesis of 16-(4-iodophenyl)hexadecanoic acid." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 51, no. 4 (1986): 872–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19860872.

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16-(4-Iodophenyl)hexadecanoic acid was prepared in six steps by two methods: from 6-(2-thienyl) hexanoic acid and 6-phenylhexanoyl chloride or by alkylation, or acylation, of 2-thienylthiophene. Mass and 1H NMR spectra of some prepared compounds are discussed. The synthesis is suitable for preparation of radioactively labelled acids used as myocardial imaging agents.
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5

Chen, Hai-Gang, Xue-Dong Wu, Qin-Qin Yu, Sheng-Rong Yang, Da-Pu Wang, and Wen-Zhong Seen. "Self-assembled Monolayers of n-Hexadecanoic Acid and α-Hydroxyl n-Hexadecanoic Acid on Titanium Surfaces." Chinese Journal of Chemistry 20, no. 12 (August 26, 2010): 1467–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjoc.20020201202.

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6

Saragih, Magdalena, Trizelia Trizelia, Nurbailis Nurbailis, and Yusniwati Yusniwati. "Profil GCMS Senyawa Kimia Ekstrak Metanol Isolat Cendawan Entomopatogen Beauveria Bassiana Dan Akar Cabai Sebagai Pemacu Pertumbuhan Cabai." Agrotekma: Jurnal Agroteknologi dan Ilmu Pertanian 4, no. 2 (June 29, 2020): 106–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/agr.v4i2.3840.

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The aim of this study was to identify the chemical compound methanol extract of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana from insect walang sangit and the chemical compound roots of red chili plants that were able to stimulate the growth of chilli plants after being applied with entomopathogenic fungus B. bassiana through seed immersion inoculation using GCMS method. The chemical compound identified as a growth booster in B. bassiana fungus isolates from the insect walang sangit is an Acetic acid Ethanoic acid Ethylic acid Glacial acetic acid CH3COOH, Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (CAS) Methylpalmitate Uniphat A60, n-Hexadecanoic acid Hexadecanoic acid n-Hexadecoic acid Palmitic acid, Dianhydromannitol and Ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3-ol, (3.beta., 22E) - (CAS) Ergosterol (CAS), while the chili root contains Acetic acid Ethanoic acid Ethylic acid Glacials acetic acid CH3COOH, Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (CAS) Methyl palmitate Uniphat A60, n -Hexadecanoic acid Hexadecanoic acid Palmitic acid, 8, 11- octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester (CAS) METHYL 8, 11-OCTADECADIENOATE, (23S)-ethylcholest-5-en-3.beta.-ol.s It can be concluded that some of the chemical compounds in methanol extracts identified in chili roots have similarities with chemical compounds that exist in B. bassiana entomopathogenic fungus which are potential as stimulers of chili plant growth
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7

Ain, Nor, Rodiansono Rodiansono, and Kamilia Mustikasari. "Effect of Temperature, Pressure, and Reaction Time on Hydrogenation of Hexadecanoic Acid to 1-Hexadecanol Using a Ru-Sn(3.0)/C Catalyst." Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi 22, no. 4 (May 16, 2019): 112–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jksa.22.4.112-122.

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Effect of temperature, initial H2 pressure, and reaction time on the selective hydrogenation of hexadecanoate acid to 1-hexadecanol over bimetallic ruthenium-tin supported on carbon (denoted as Ru-Sn(3.0)/C; 3.0 is molar ratio Ru/Sn) has been systematically investigated. Ru-Sn(3.0)/C catalyst was synthesized using a simple hydrothermal method at temperature of 150oC for 24 h followed by reduction with hydrogen at at 400oC and 500°C for 1.5 h. The XRD patterns of reduced Ru-Sn(3.0)/C showed a series diffraction peaks of bimetallic alloy Ru3Sn7 at 2θ = 30.0°; 35.0°; and 41.3° which are recognized as (310), (321), and (411) reflection planes present. The N2-adsorpsion/desorption profiles confirmed that the catalyst structure was microporous and mesoporous sizes with specific surface area (SBET) of 207 m2/g, pore volume (VpBJH) 0.1015 cm3/g, and pore diameter (dpBJH) 1,21 nm. NH3-TPD profile shows that the desorption temperature of 157.1°C was a weak acidity (Bronsted acid site) with amount of acid sites was 0.117 mmol/g. Meanwhile, the desorption temperature of 660.3°C was a strong acidity (Lewis acid site) with amount of acid sites was 0.826 mmol/g. The highest conversion of hexadecanoic acid (86.24%) was achieved at reaction temperature180°C, initial H2 pressure of 5.0 MPa, a reaction time of 6 h in ethanol solvent and afforded yield of hexadecane (0.15%), 1-hexadecanol (4.27%), and ethyl hexadecanoate (81.82%). At reaction temperature of 150°C, H2 of 3.0 MPa, and a reaction time of 18 h, 73.27% of hexadecanoic acid was converted to 1-hexadecanol (0.24%) and ethyl hexadecanoate (73,03%).
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8

Isa, M. O., B. A. Akinpelu, and A. M. Makinde. "GC-MS analyses of young and mature Archidium Ohioense Schimp Ex. C. Mull and Philonotis hastate (Duby) Wijk & Margad extracts." Ife Journal of Science 23, no. 1 (May 3, 2021): 89–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijs.v23i1.9.

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Analyses of the constituents of the crude extracts obtained from young and mature moss species namely: Archidium ohioense and Philonotis hastata were conducted with a view to investigating the effects of maturity stages on their bioactive constituents. The mosses collected from their natural population were air dried at ambient temperature in the laboratory, extracted with methanol and the crude extracts subjected to gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The results of the analyses showed the presence of 20 compounds in young A. ohioense with n-hexadecanoic acid [26.60%], bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate [12.47%], bicyclo (3.1.1)heptane 2,6,6-trimethyl-[1r-(1.alpha.,2.beta.,5.alpha.)]- [11.59%] and phytol [9.69%] forming the prominent components while in the mature A. ohioense, 13 compounds were present, from which n-hexadecanoic acid [51.25%], hexadecanoic acid 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)-ethyl ester [9.90%] and n-propyl 9-octadecenoate [7.47%] formed the prominent components. In P. hastata, 20 compounds were identified in the young stage sample with n-hexadecanoic acid [22.46%], bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate [20.95%] and phytol [18.14%] as the prominent components while 9 compounds were identified in the mature sample with n-hexadecanoic acid[51.84%], hexadecanoic acid 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester [18.12%] and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate [9.11%] which formed the prominent components. The study indicated that, maturity stages at collection of the mosses affected their bioactive compositions, with the young stage mosses showing more bioactive compounds than the mature ones. Keywords: A. ohioense, P. hastata, Mosses, Maturity stages, Crude extract, GC-MS.
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9

Ahmad, Javed, Rita Bagheri, Humayra Bashir, M. Affan Baig, Asma Al-Huqail, Mohamed M. Ibrahim, and M. Irfan Qureshi. "Organ-Specific Phytochemical Profiling and Antioxidant Analysis of Parthenium hysterophorus L." BioMed Research International 2018 (June 20, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9535232.

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Parthenium hysterophorus is a weed of global concern with high threshold of tolerance against most of biotic and abiotic stresses. Phytochemical profile and in vitro antioxidant analysis may help in understanding its tolerance to stresses. Root, stem, leaf, phyllary, and receptacle (including disc and ray florets) were chemotyped employing GC tof-MS and assessed for antioxidant activity by DPPH, FRAP, HRSA, and TAC assays. Phytochemicals identified were terpenes, fatty acids, hydrocarbons, phytosterols, and compounds of miscellaneous chemical nature. Organ-specific maximum concentration of metabolite was β-vatirenene (root), hexadecanoic acid methylester (stem), aristolene epoxide (leaf), hexadecanoic acid methylester (phyllary), and hexadecanoic acid methylester (receptacle). Identified metabolites could be associated with stress tolerance mechanisms, basic metabolism, and allelopathy, etc. Root extracts showed highest antioxidant potential followed by receptacle. It can be concluded that diverse and unique phytochemical profile and great antioxidant potential make P. hysterophorus stress-tolerant, hence a weed of global habitat.
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10

Tyagi, Tulika, and Mala Agarwal. "GC-MS ANALYSIS OF INVASIVE AQUATIC WEED, PISTIA STRATIOTES L. AND EICHHORNIA CRASSIPES (MART.) SOLMS." International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research 9, no. 3 (May 5, 2017): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2017.v9i3.19970.

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Objective: To investigate the bioactive components of an invasive aquatic weed, Pistia stratiotes L. and Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms vegetative parts by using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS).Methods: The chemical compositions of the ethanol extract of whole plant Pistia stratiotes L. and Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms was investigated using Agilent Technologies GC-MS (GC-7890A, MS 5975C).Results: The results of GC-MS analysis of the ethanolic extract revealed the existence of 28 phytochemical compounds in Pistia stratiotes L. n-Hexadecanoic acid,-11-Hexadecenoic acid, ethyl ester, Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester, Octadecanoic acid, ethyl ester, 2-Cyclopenten-1-one, 5-hydroxy-2,3-dimethyl, L-Glutamine, 2-Pentadecanone, 6,10,14-trimethyl, Linolelaidic acid, methyl ester, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester,(Z,Z,Z), Nonadecane, 12,15-Octadecadiynoic acid, methyl ester, Hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester, Diisooctyl phthalate, Docosanoic acid, ethyl ester, Stigmasterol, Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, 1-Monolinoleoylglycerol trimethylsilyl ether, Ethyl iso-allocholate are the major compound.The ethanolic extract of Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms contains 43 phytochemical compounds of high and low molecular weight n-Hexadecanoic acid, E-11-Hexadecenoic acid, ethyl ester, Palmitic acid, Phytol, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienal, 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, ethyl ester, Linolenic acid, ethyl ester, Stearic acid, ethyl ester, Hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester, α-Glyceryl linolenate, 1-Monolinoleoylglycerol trimethylsilyl ether, Linoleic acid, 2,3-bis-(O-TMS)-propyl ester, Stigmasterol, Linolelaidic acid, methyl ester, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, ethyl ester, (Z,Z,Z), Ethyl iso-allocholate, Cholesta-22,24-dien-5-ol, 4,4-dimethyl are the major compounds.These results indicates Pistia stratiotes L. and Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms possess potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antitumour, antiarthritic, cancer preventive, antibacterial effects so can be recommended as a plant of phytopharmaceutical importance.Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Pistia stratiotes L. and Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms proves as a potential source of bioactive compounds of pharmacological importance.
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11

le Bars, D., M. Apparu, P. M. Léo, M. Vidal, and C. Luu-Duc. "Synthesis of 16-iodo-[carboxyl-14C]hexadecanoic acid." Journal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals 22, no. 9 (September 1985): 903–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlcr.2580220905.

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12

Helmich, O., M. Streibl, J. Filip, and J. Hradec. "Synthesis of 14-methyl[2,3-3H]hexadecanoic acid." Journal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals 22, no. 9 (September 1985): 917–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlcr.2580220907.

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13

Jemia, Mariem Ben, Carmen Formisano, Svetlana Bancheva, Maurizio Bruno, and Felice Senatore. "Chemical Composition of the Essential Oils of Centaurea formanekii and C. orphanidea ssp. thessala, Growing Wild in Greece." Natural Product Communications 7, no. 8 (August 2012): 1934578X1200700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1200700830.

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The volatile constituents of the aerial parts of Centaurea formanekii Halacsy and the aerial parts, capitula and roots of C. orphanidea Heldr. & Sart. ex Boiss. ssp. thessala (Hausskn.) Dostál from Greece were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed. The main components in C. formanekii were hexadecanoic acid (13.6%), δ-elemene (9.1%), and spathulenol (6.9%). The main components in C. orphanidea ssp. thessala were γ-elemene (26.1%) and caryophyllene oxide (13.2%) in the aerial parts, hexadecanoic acid (33.5%) and heptacosane (6.3%) in the capitula, and hexadecanoic acid methyl ester (22.0%) and α-chamigrene (14.0%) in the roots. The chemotaxonomic significance with respect to other previously studied species of the same sections (Phalolepis and Achrolopus, respectively) is discussed.
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14

Kim, Gwang-Woo, Jae-Man Sim, Yutaka Itabashi, Min-Jeong Jung, and Joon-Young Jun. "Occurrence of Cis-11,12-Methylene-Hexadecanoic Acid in the Red Alga Solieria pacifica (Yamada) Yoshida." Molecules 26, no. 8 (April 15, 2021): 2286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26082286.

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Fatty acids in marine algae have attracted the attention of natural chemists because of their biological activity. The fatty acid compositions of the Solieriaceae families (Rhodophyceae, Gaigartinales) provide interesting information that unusual cyclic fatty acids have been occasionally found. A survey was conducted to profile the characteristic fatty acid composition of the red alga Solieria pacifica (Yamada) Yoshida using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), infrared spectroscopy (IR), and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR). In S. pacifica, two cyclopentyl fatty acids, 11-cyclopentylundecanoic acid (7.0%), and 13-cyclopentyltridecanoic acid (4.9%), and a cyclopropane fatty acid, cis-11,12-methylene-hexadecanoic acid (7.9%) contributed significantly to the overall fatty acid profile. In particular, this cyclopropane fatty acid has been primarily found in bacteria, rumen microorganisms or foods of animal origin, and has not previously been found in any other algae. In addition, this alga contains a significant amount of the monoenoic acid cis-11-hexadecenoic acid (9.0%). Therefore, cis-11,12-methylene-hexadecanoic acid in S. pacifica was likely produced by methylene addition to cis-11-hexadecenoic acid.
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15

Guillou, Hervé, Vincent Rioux, Daniel Catheline, Jean-Noël Thibault, Monique Bouriel, Sophie Jan, Sabine D'Andrea, and Philippe Legrand. "Conversion of hexadecanoic acid to hexadecenoic acid by rat Δ6-desaturase." Journal of Lipid Research 44, no. 3 (January 16, 2003): 450–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1194/jlr.c200019-jlr200.

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16

Omeje, Kingsley Ozioma, Okechukwu Kalu Iroha, Affiong Asuquo Edeke, Henry Chimezie Omeje, and Victor Onukwube Apeh. "Characterization and fatty acid profile analysis of oil extracted from unexploited seed of African star apple (Udara)." OCL 26 (2019): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2019007.

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This study sought to characterize the phyto-oil extracted from an unexploited seed of African star apple (Udara) using soxhlet extraction method, normal hexane was used as the solvent at 67 °C for 4 h. The percentage oil yield was 23.8%. The extracted oil was liquid at room temperature, pleasant sweet smell with honey-like colour. The oil physicochemical properties such as acid value, peroxide value and saponification value were 17.41 ± 0.43 mg/KOH/g, 57.74 ± 2.77 meq/kg−1 and 236.341 ± 6.80 mg/KOH/g, respectively. Also, free fatty acid of 8.75% and iodine value of 29 ± 0.16 mg/100g were obtained. The identified fatty acids present included n-hexadecanoic acid (7.55%), 13-hexyloxacyctri-dec-10-en-2-one (1.19%), oleic acids (30.21%), octadecanoic acid (5.28%), hexadecanoic acid (2.37%), undecylenic acid (40.33%), 9-octadecanal (7.09%), and 9, 17-octadecadienal (5.98%). The properties of oil extracted revealed that the seed is a good source of oil which could be employed for industrial purposes.
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17

Gören, Ahmet C., Gökhan Bilsel, Mehmet Altun, and Fatih Satıl. "Fatty Acid Composition of Seeds of Satureja thymbra and S. cuneifolia." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 58, no. 7-8 (August 1, 2003): 502–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2003-7-810.

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Abstract The chemical composition of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) from seeds of S. thymbra and S. cuneifolia were analyzed by GC/MS. 7 FAMEs were identified from the seeds of S. thymbra mainly as 9-octadecenoic acid methyl ester (43.9%), hexadecanoic acid methyl ester (11.4%), 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid methyl ester (Z,Z,Z) (30.2%), and octadecanoic acid methyl ester (14.1%), while from the seed of S. cuneifolia 10 FAMEs were obtained with the main components, similar to S. thymbra. These were identified as 9-octadecenoic acid methyl ester (10.1%), hexadecanoic acid methyl ester (methyl palmitate, 34.6%), 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid methyl ester (Z,Z,Z) (6.3%) and octadecanoic acid methyl ester (1.8%).
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18

Kanemasa, Yasuhiro, Eiko Nagamachi, and Sei-ichiro Shibuya. "The Presence ofCis-9,10-Methylene Hexadecanoic Acid inYersinia enterocolitica." Microbiology and Immunology 35, no. 1 (January 1991): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1348-0421.1991.tb01535.x.

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19

Wang, Bao Qin, Ze Ping Xu, and Chuan Lun Yang. "The Chemical Compositions of the Lipid Extracted from Fermented Mycelium of Grifola frondosa." Advanced Materials Research 503-504 (April 2012): 412–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.503-504.412.

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The lipids from fermented mycelium of G. frondosa were extracted using supercritical flow CO2 and analyzed by GC-MS. There were 24 compounds detected in the lipids and the main compositions were octadecadienoic acid, eicosadienoic acid and hexadecanoic acid, with a little terpenoid compounds of cedrene, caryophyllene, isopropenylcarene, squalene, and some ergosterol. The total fatty acid content of the lipid was 89.18%, in which, the unsaturated fatty acid was 71.09%. The main compositions of saturated fatty acid were hexadecanoic acid and the main compositions of unsaturated fatty acid were linoleic acid and eicosadienoic acid (EDA). The contents of linoleic acid and EDA in the lipid from G. frondosa mycelium were 48.65% and 29.91% respectively.
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20

Yuan, Changchun, Peng Nan, Suhua Shi, and Yang Zhong. "Chemical Composition of the Essential Oils of Two Chinese Endemic Meconopsis Species." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 58, no. 5-6 (June 1, 2003): 313–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2003-5-603.

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Abstract The essential oils from two Chinese endemic Meconopsis species, i. e., M. punicea and M. delavayi, were analyzed by using GC-MS for the first time. The major constituents were hexadecanoic acid (16.8%), 1,2-dimethyl naphthalene (11.4%), 1,4-dimethyl naphthalene (6.6%), 1,3-dimethyl-5-ethyl naphthalene (5.9%), and 3-methyl biphenyl (5.6%) for M. punicea, and hexadecanoic acid (9.9%), 1,2-dimethyl naphthalene (7.9%), 1,3-dimethyl-5-ethyl naphthalene (6.2%), tetradecane (5.9%), and hexyl cinnamaldehyde (5.5%) for M. delavayi.
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21

Odion, Emmanuel Eimiomodebheki, Rachel Ogheneovo Ogboru, and Mike Oshor Ighene. "Identification of Compounds in Elaeis guineensis Fruits using GC-MS." Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 19, no. 2 (December 10, 2020): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v19i2.50631.

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The aim of this study was to identify the chemical constituents of Elaeis guineensis (EG) using GCMS. EG fruits were purchased from a local market in Edo state and was identified, cleaned, boiled and extracted. The resultant crude extract was strained through filter paper and partitioned into n-hexane, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate before subjected to GC-MS analysis. Eighty-two (82) compounds were identified and the major components are hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (10.53%), oleic acid (25.92%). n-hexadecanoic acid (31.41%), cis-vaccenic acid (22.82%) and octadecanoic acid (13.16%). Plants fatty acids are important for growth and defence mechanism against pathogen, possess antimicrobial action, implicated in pathway elucidation and stimulation of resistance mechanism in plants. Long chain fatty acids exert their effect on membrane phospholipids by modifying its composition and potentially interfering with synthesis of lipid signalling molecules. Identification of EG fruits have provided an idea of its chemical composition of the extract of E. guineensis. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 19(2): 153-159, 2020 (December)
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Bruno, Maurizio, Azzurra Milia, Giorgia Catinella, and Svetlana Bancheva. "Volatile Components from Aerial Parts of Centaurea diffusa and C. micrantha ssp. melanosticta and Their Biocidal Activity on Microorganisms Affecting Historical Art Crafts." Natural Product Communications 13, no. 9 (September 2018): 1934578X1801300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1801300920.

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The chemical composition of the essential oils from aerial parts of two taxa of Centaurea belonging to subgenus Acrolophus, Centaurea diffusa Lam. and C. micrantha Hoff. ssp. melanosticta (Lange) Dostàl, respectively collected in Croatia and Spain, were evaluated by GC and GC-MS. The main components of C. diffusa were hexadecanoic acid (31.1%), ( Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid (10.7%) and damascenone isomers (6.4%), whereas hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (27.8%), hexadecanoic acid (8.3%) and caryophyllene oxide (6.4%) were the most abundant components of C. micrantha ssp. melanosticta. The oils showed good antibacterial and antifungal activities against some microorganisms that infest historical art works.
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23

Chung, Minjay, Sensung Cheng, Chunya Lin, and Shangtzen Chang. "Profiling of volatile compounds with characteristic odors in Bambusa oldhamii shoots from Taiwan." BioResources 16, no. 3 (July 12, 2021): 5901–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.3.5901-5914.

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This study focuses on volatile aromatic constituents extracted using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) from underground and aboveground Bambusa oldhamii shoots. Analysis was conducted using the extracts after heating at various temperatures and for various durations. Results of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed six SPME-extracted volatile aromatic compounds in underground B. oldhamii shoots and eleven in aboveground B. oldhamii shoots. Methyl salicylate with a characteristic mint aroma and methoxy-phenyl oxime that gives a smell of fresh shrimp and crabs are the main volatile compounds found in underground and aboveground shoots of B. oldhamii, respectively. Moreover, the two types of shoots tested also contain volatile compounds including fatty acids: n-hexadecanoic acid (27.94%) and aliphatic aldehyde: trans-2-nonenal (16.31%), respectively. The GC-MS analysis of underground and aboveground B. oldhamii shoots steamed at 100 C for 60 min revealed n-hexadecanoic acid as the main fatty acid compound.
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Zhang, Zhong Feng, Wan Xi Peng, Kai Fu Li, and Qing Zhi Ma. "Study on Medicinal Properties of Red 1%NaOH Extractives of Castanopsis Fissa Wood by GC/MS." Materials Science Forum 575-578 (April 2008): 1272–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.575-578.1272.

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The chemical components of red 1%NaOH extractives of Castanopsis fissa wood chips were separated and identified by GC/MS after enriching and dissolving in benzene-methanol. Relative content of each component was determined by area normalization. 24 compounds representing 71.87 % of the extractives were identified. The most abundant constituents were hexadecanoic acid,methyl ester(17.08%), 9-octadecenoic acid (z)-,methyl ester (cas) (15.08%), 2,3-diphenyl-5-(3-methoxyphenyl)pyrrole(7.05%), hexadecanoic acid,ethyl ester (cas) (7.02%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (z,z)-,methyl ester(4.82%), 9-octadecenoic acid (z)-,ethyl ester (cas) (4.70%), octadecanoic acid,methyl ester(2.66%), 10-methoxy-nb-à-methylcorynantheol(1.90%), di-(9-octadecenoyl)-glycerol(1.70%),ethyl linoleate(1.09%), 9-octadecenoic acid (z)-,methyl ester (cas) (1.03%), eicosanoic acid,methyl ester(1.01%), and so on.
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25

Gudmestad, Neil C., Paul J. Henningson, and William M. Bugbee. "Cellular fatty acid comparison of strains of Corynebacterium michiganense subsp. sepedonicum from potato and sugar beet." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 34, no. 6 (June 1, 1988): 716–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m88-122.

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The cellular fatty acid composition of Corynebacterium michiganense subsp. sepedonicum strains recovered from potato and sugar beet hosts were determined using gas-liquid chromatography. Fatty acid profiles were compared to profiles from other plant pathogenic coryneform bacteria. The most prevalent fatty acids present in C. michiganense subsp. sepedonicum were 12-methyl-tetradecanoic acid (a15:0), 14-methyl-hexadecanoic acid (a17:0), 14-methyl-pentadecanoic acid (i16:0), 12-methyl-4-tetradecenoic acid (a15:1), hexadecanoic acid (16:0), cis-9-octadecenoic acid (18:1c), and cis-9,12-octadecadienoic acid (18:2). In addition, some strains contained smaller amounts of 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, and 19 carbon fatty acids. All strains of plant pathogenic coryneform bacteria tested could be differentiated on the basis of either total fatty acid content (qualitative) or by ratios of cellular fatty acids (relative quantitative differences), e.g., a15:0/i16:0, a17:0/i16:0, a15:0/a17:0, i16:0/a15:1, a15:1/16:0, and 16:0/18:1. Strains of C. michiganense subsp. sepedonicum from sugar beet and potato were qualitatively and quantitatively very similar. On the basis of these results, it was clear that the endophytic strains of C.m. subsp. sepedonicum recovered from healthy sugar beets were indistinguishable from pathogenic strains recovered from potato. The bacteria from the two hosts should be considered as members of the same subspecies.
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Politeo, Olivera, Ivana Carev, and Anita Veljaca. "Phytochemical Composition, Antiradical and Anticholinesterase Potentials of Centaurea alba and Centaurea jacea Volatile Oils." Croatica chemica acta 92, no. 1 (2019): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5562/cca3458.

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This paper reports on the phytochemical composition as well as antiradical and anticholinesterase potential of volatile oils isolated from Centaurea alba and Centaurea jacea, from Croatia. The volatile components, obtained by hydrodistillation, were determined by GC and GC-MS analyses. A total of 18 compounds were identified in C. alba volatile oil with hexadecanoic acid, germacrene D and tetradecanoic acid as main compounds. A total of 29 compounds were identified in C. jacea volatile oil, with epi-bicyclosesquiphellandrene, aromadendrene and hexadecanoic acid as a major compounds. The tested volatile oils showed low DPPH inhibition potential as well as low to moderate antiAChE potential and low antiBuChE potential.
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27

Ando, Tetsu, Takema Hase, Atsunori Funayoshi, Rika Arima, and Masaaki Uchiyama. "Sex Pheromone Biosynthesis from14C-Hexadecanoic Acid in the Silkworm Moth." Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 52, no. 1 (January 1988): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1988.10868613.

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28

Malkar, Navdeep B., and V. G. Kumar. "Optical resolution of (±)-Threo-9,10,16-trihydroxy hexadecanoic acid using (−)brucine." Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 75, no. 10 (October 1998): 1461–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11746-998-0202-9.

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29

Vukovic, Nenad, Miroslava Kacaniova, Lukas Hleba, and Slobodan Sukdolak. "Chemical Composition of the Essential Oils from the Flower, Leaf and Stem of Lonicera japonica." Natural Product Communications 7, no. 5 (May 2012): 1934578X1200700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1200700525.

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The essential oils from different aerial parts of Lonicera japonica have been extracted by hydro-distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Quantitative and qualitative differences were found between the analyzed plant parts. A total of eighty-nine compounds were identified. The main constituents were ( Z, Z)-farnesole (16.2%) and linalool (11.0%) for the flowers fraction, hexadecanoic acid (16.0%) and linalool (8.7%) for the leaves fraction, and hexadecanoic acid (31.4%) for the stems. Monoterpene hydrocarbons were absent from all the oils, and oxygenated sesquiterpenes were not identified in the essential oil of the stem.
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30

Osterhout, Gerard J., Joan L. Valentine, and James D. Dick. "Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Clinical Strains of CDC Group IVc-2." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 36, no. 9 (1998): 2618–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.36.9.2618-2622.1998.

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CDC group IVc-2 is a gram-negative, oxidase-positive, nonfermentative bacillus that has been implicated in human infections, including septicemia and peritonitis. Biochemically it most closely resembles Bordetella bronchiseptica andAlcaligenes sp. Results of cellular fatty acid (CFA) and 16S rRNA gene analysis were combined with biochemical data to assist in identification and classification. The predominant CFAs were hexadecanoic acid (16:0), cis-9-hexadecanoic acid (16:1ω7c), cis-11-octadecanoic acid (18:1ω7c), and Δ-cis-9,10-methylenehexadecanoic acid (17:0cyc). Small amounts (2 to 5%) of 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid (3-OH-14:0), tetradecanoic acid (14:0), 2-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid (2-OH-16:0), and Δ-cis-11,12-methyleneoctadecanoic acid (19:0cyc) were also consistently present. The highest 16S rRNA gene similarity was with Ralstonia eutropha and Ralstonia solanacearum. The CFA and 16S rRNA gene sequence data support the inclusion of CDC group IVc-2 in the recently created genusRalstonia, which includes R. eutropha, R. pickettii, and R. solanacearum.
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31

Li, Mei, Jian Ling Xia, Shou Hai Li, Kun Huang, and Mei Wang. "Study on Fatty Acid Composition and Variation Analysis of Tung Oils in China by GC/MS." Advanced Materials Research 554-556 (July 2012): 2018–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.554-556.2018.

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To study the fatty acid composition and analysis the variation among the samples of tung oil collected from Guangxi，Chongqing, Hunan, Hubei and Guizhou Provinces of China．Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) were employed to determine the fatty acid composition of tung oil．The results show that the main composition of the tung oil in China are n-hexadecanoic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, α-octadecatrienoic acid, β-octadecatrienoic acid. Tung oil contains octadecatrienoic acid 72.56～88.59% and polyunsaturated fatty acids 80.26~92.39%. The content of octadecatrienoic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids in tung oil are different between different regions and different varieties.
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32

Fernandes, Caio P., Arthur L. Corrêa, Jonathas F. R. Lobo, Otávio P. Caramel, Fernanda B. de Almeida, Elaine S. Castro, Kauê F. C. S. Souza, et al. "Triterpene Esters and Biological Activities from Edible Fruits ofManilkara subsericea(Mart.) Dubard, Sapotaceae." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/280810.

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Manilkara subsericea(Mart.) Dubard (Sapotaceae) is popularly known in Brazil as “guracica.” Studies withManilkaraspp indicated the presence of triterpenes, saponins, and flavonoids. Several activities have been attributed toManilkaraspp such as antimicrobial, antiparasitic and antitumoral, which indicates the great biological potential of this genus. In all, 87.19% of the hexanic extract from fruits relative composition were evaluated, in which 72.81% were beta- and alpha-amyrin esters, suggesting that they may be chemical markers forM. subsericea. Hexadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester, (E)-9-octadecenoic acid ethyl ester, and octadecanoic acid ethyl ester were also identified. Ethanolic crude extracts from leaves, stems, and hexanic extract from fruits exhibited antimicrobial activity againstStaphylococcus aureusATCC25923. These extracts had highIC50values against Vero cells, demonstrating weak cytotoxicity. This is the first time, to our knowledge, that beta- and alpha-amyrin caproates and caprylates are described forManilkara subsericea.
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33

Günbatan, Tuğba, Betül Demirci, İlhan Gürbüz, Fatih Demircib, and Ayşe Mine Gençler Özkanc. "Comparison of Volatiles of Sideritis caesarea Specimens Collected from Different Localities in Turkey." Natural Product Communications 12, no. 10 (October 2017): 1934578X1701201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1701201029.

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Sideritis caesarea H. Duman, Aytaç & Başer of the Lamiaceae is an Anatolian endemic species, and is mainly used as herbal tea and folk medicine. This present study aimed to determine and compare the chemical compositions of the volatile components of S. caesarea specimens collected from different localities in Kayseri province, Turkey: Sariz town (samples A and B), Pınarbaşı-Kaynar (sample C) and Pınarbaşı-Şirvan Mountain (sample D), respectively. Initially, the essential oils of the aerial parts were obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed both by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID), gas chromatography/mass spectrometer (GC/MS), simultaneously. Major volatile components of samples A and D were characterized as hexadecanoic acid (19.7 and 20.5%), caryophyllene oxide (6.7 and 20.2%), β-caryophyllene (6.5 and 12.6%), respectively. In sample B, hexadecanoic acid (14.6%), β-caryophyllene (11.5%) and caryophyllene oxide (8.3%) were detected as the major components. Whereas caryophyllene oxide (13.7%), hexadecanoic acid (8.5%) and spathulenol (6.1%) were the main components of the essential oil of sample C. Besides the chemical profiling, in vitro antimicrobial effects of samples were evaluated against a panel of six pathogenic microorganisms. Inhibition zones of the tested samples varied against bacteria with low to moderate activity, where no susceptibility against Candida albicans was observed.
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34

ANDO, Tetsu, Takema HASE, Atsunori FUNAYOSHI, Rika ARIMA, and Masaaki UCHIYAMA. "Sex pheromone biosynthesis from 14C-hexadecanoic acid in the silkworm moth." Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 52, no. 1 (1988): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.52.141.

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35

Ravi, Lokesh, and Kannabiran Krishnan. "Cytotoxic Potential of N-hexadecanoic Acid Extracted from Kigelia pinnata Leaves." Asian Journal of Cell Biology 12, no. 1 (December 15, 2016): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajcb.2017.20.27.

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36

Ozem, H., C. Béney, and C. Luu-Duc. "Synthesis of 3-methyl-16-iodo-[carboxyl-14C] hexadecanoic acid (MIHA)." Journal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals 38, no. 6 (June 1996): 541–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1344(199606)38:6<541::aid-jlcr869>3.0.co;2-e.

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37

Kim, Jung-Eun, Ji-Hye Seo, Min-Suk Bae, Chun-Sik Bae, Jin-Cheol Yoo, Mi-Ae Bang, Seung-Sik Cho, and Dae-Hun Park. "Antimicrobial Constituents from Allium Hookeri Root." Natural Product Communications 11, no. 2 (February 2016): 1934578X1601100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1601100226.

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In this study, we partially purified the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the ethanol extract of the root of Allum hookeri. We identified seven compounds, benzoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, ferulic acid, cinnamic acid, octadecanoic acid and hexanedioic acid, that have antimicrobial activity using GC-MS, and evaluated the antimicrobial susceptibility and MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) against multidrug-resistant bacteria.
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38

He, Wei, Dang Quan Zhang, Qi Mei Liu, and Kuan Peng. "Determination of Biomedical Constituents of 350°C Pyrolyzate from Benzene/Ethanol Extractives of Old Bark from Cinnamomum Camphora Trunk." Advanced Materials Research 230-232 (May 2011): 935–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.230-232.935.

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The extractives of C. camphora old bark were used to cure some special diseases; however, the biomedical constituents of extractives of C. camphora old bark are still not completely explained. Therefore, 350 °C-based pyrolysis- GC/MS technology was used to identify the top value-added biomedical constituents of old bark-based benzene/ethanol extractives from C. camphora trunk. 74 chemical constituents representing 99.17% were identified from 86 peaks. The main components are as: Dodecanoic acid, 1-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2-ethanediyl ester (15.717%), Octacosanoic acid, methyl ester (10.357%), Abietic acid (8.483%), Heptacosane (5.678%), Ethyl alcohol (5.282%), Hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, methyl ester (3.365%), Hexacosanoic acid, methyl ester (2.936%), 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, butyl 2-methylpropyl ester (2.928%), 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol (2.692%), Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester (2.312%), Hexacosane (2.076%), Tetracosanoic acid, methyl ester (2.013%), etc. The analytical result showed that the 350 °C pyrolyzate of benzene/ethanol extractives from C. camphora old bark is abundant in biomedical constituents, and also contains other bioactive components, which can be used as top value-added materials of high-grade cosmetic, food, spice and chemical solvents.
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39

Ambarwati, Kusmayra, Miftahul Jannah, and Asyifa Robiatul Adawiyah. "Kandungan Hexadecanoic Acid, Ethyl Ester pada Nigela Sativa untuk Prediksi Apoptosis pada Sel HeLa." Jurnal Bidang Ilmu Kesehatan 10, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.52643/jbik.v10i1.860.

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Antioksidan dan herbal adalah zat yang dapat mencegah terjadinya kanker serviks. Angka kejadian kanker serviks di Indonesia masih tinggi. Setiap hari muncul 40-45 kasus baru, yang berarti 20-25 orang meninggal akibat kanker serviks di Indonesia. Penelitian terdahulu membuktikan terdapat tumbuhan, buah – buahan dan biji – bijian yang mengandung antioksidan tinggi dan dipercaya dapat mencegah dan mengurangi kesakitan akibat kanker serviks. Selain itu banyak herbal yang juga ditemukan di Indonesia yang diketahui memiliki efek pada sel kanker. Salah satunya yang dapat ditemukan di Indonesia adalah Jinten Hitam (Nigela Sativa). Saat ini masyarakat belum banyak yang memanfaatkan sumber daya alam yang tersedia yang diduga dapat mencegah kanker serviks ini. Studi ini merupakan penelitian awal untuk membahas mengenai kandungan Hexadecanoic Acid, Ethyl Ester pada Jinten Hitam untuk nantinya dapat digunakan sebagai prediksi apoptosis pada sel HeLa.Kata Kunci : Buah Tin, Sel Hela, Hexadecanoic Acid
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40

Formisano, Carmen, Daniela Rigano, Felice Senatore, Francesco Maria Raimondo, Antonella Maggio, and Maurizio Bruno. "Essential Oil Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Anthemis mixta and A. Tomentosa(Asteraceae)." Natural Product Communications 7, no. 10 (October 2012): 1934578X1200701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1200701035.

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In the present study the chemical composition of the essential oils from aerial parts and roots of Anthemis mixta L. and A. tomentosa L. was evaluated by GC and GC-MS, and their antibacterial activity tested against ten bacterial species. Hexadecanoic acid (15.2%) was recognized as the main constituent of A. mixta, together with τ-cadinol (6.7%), while in both aerial parts and roots of A. tomentosa nonacosane (21.9% and 20.7%), heptacosane (8.1% and 6.0%), hexadecanoic acid (8.1% and 27.1%) and hexahydrofarnesylacetone (6.8% and 5.5%) prevailed. The oils from aerial parts of both species showed a good activity against Gram-positive bacteria. These results suggest that the plants could be potentially used in food manufacture and cosmetology as preservative agents or in medicine as new antibiotics.
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41

Khanavi, Mahnaz, Abbas Hadjiakhoondi, Gholamreza Amin, Yaghoob Amanzadeh, Abdolhossein Rustaiyan, and Abbas Shafiee. "Comparison of the Volatile Composition of Stachys persica Gmel. and Stachys byzantina C. Koch. Oils Obtained by Hydrodistillation and Steam Distillation." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 59, no. 7-8 (August 1, 2004): 463–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2004-7-802.

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AbstractThe oils obtained by hydrodistillation and steam distillation of the aerial parts of Stachys persica Gmel. and Stachys byzantina C. Koch grown in Iran were analyzed by GC/MS. The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of the aerial parts of S. persica was characterized by a high amount of non-terpenoid components of which methyllinoleate (27.7%), hexadecanoic acid (9.8%) and 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (9.2%) were the major constituents, whereas the steam distilled oil of the plant contained hexadecanoic acid (27.2%), carvacrol (9.4%) and eugenol (5.2%). Both hydrodistilled and steam distilled essential oils of the aerial parts of S. byzantina were rich in sesquiterpenes such as α-copaene (16.6% and 10.4%), spathulenol (16.1% and 18.5%) and β-caryophyllene (14.3% and 13.5%), respectively.
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42

Wanga, Li, Shuguang Jian, Peng Nan, and Yang Zhong. "Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Elephantopus scaber from Southern China." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 59, no. 5-6 (June 1, 2004): 327–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2004-5-606.

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The essential oil of Elephantopus scaber, a famous medicinal herb from Yangjiang County in Southern China was analyzed for the first time using GC-MS. The major constituents were hexadecanoic acid (42.3%), isopropyl dimethyl tetrahydronaphthalenol (14.1%), β-sesquiphellandrene (8.3%), octadecadienoic acid (5.5%), and phytol (5.2%).
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43

Jerković, Igor, Marko Šuste, Željan Maleš, and Kroata Hazler Pilepić. "Essential Oil Composition of Prasium majus from Croatia." Natural Product Communications 7, no. 7 (July 2012): 1934578X1200700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1200700733.

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The essential oils from the aerial parts of Prasium majus L., collected during two years in Croatia, were analysed by GC and GC/MS. Fifty-two compounds were identified, representing 90.3–91.8% of the total oils. The major constituents in both samples were fatty acids (particularly hexadecanoic acid and ( Z)-octadec-9-enoic acid), lower aliphatic alcohols, aldehydes and acids (major ones oct-1-en-3-ol and ( E,E)-hepta-2,4-dienal) and phenylpropane derivatives (e.g. eugenol). β-Caryophyllene was the most abundant terpene and ( E)-β-ionone was the major norisoprenoid.
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44

Peng, Wan Xi, Kai Fu Li, Dang Quan Zhang, and Yi Qiang Wu. "Determination of Chemical Components of Red 1%NaOH Extractives of E. Urograndis Wood by GC-MS." Materials Science Forum 575-578 (April 2008): 1325–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.575-578.1325.

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The extractives from the fresh E. urograndis wood were obtained through red 1%NaOH solution. The chemical components for the extractives were identified by GC-MS. Relative content of each chemical component was determined by area normalization. Ninteen kinds of compounds representing 52.99% of the extractives which take on 36 peaks were identified. The result showed that the principal constituents were 9-octadecenoic acid (z)-, methyl ester (cas) (11.34%), 3-diphenyl-5-(3-methoxyphenyl)pyrrole(10.77%), hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (cas) (6.23%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (z,z)-, methyl ester(6.16%), 9-octadecenoic acid (z)-, ethyl ester (cas) (3.17%), di-(9-octadecenoyl)-glycerol(3.14%), hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester (cas) (1.93%), ethyl linoleate(1.81%), 3-acetoxychol-5-ene(1.62%), ethyl linoleate(1.60%), octadecanoic acid, methyl ester(1.05%)and so on. Therefore, this result reported in the present study for the first time provides the scientific basis for the further exploitation and development of E. urograndis wood. At the same time, the pollution prevention of the waste water of paper mill, wood industry would being realized from the results.
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45

Knols, Bart G. J., Joop J. A. van Loon, Alan Cork, Rosemary D. Robinson, Wim Adam, Jocelijn Meijerink, Ruurd De Jong, and Willem Takken. "Behavioural and electrophysiological responses of the female malaria mosquitoAnopheles gambiae(Diptera: Culicidae) to Limburger cheese volatiles." Bulletin of Entomological Research 87, no. 2 (April 1997): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300027292.

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AbstractLimburger cheese, previously shown to attract femaleAnopheles gambiaeGiles, was solvent extracted and chemically fractionated into acid and non-acid fractions. The extracts and aliquots of headspace odour of the cheese were analysed by gas chromatography and electron impact mass spectrometry. Nineteen saturated and unsaturated aliphatic fatty acids, ranging in carbon chain length from C2to C18, were detected. The most abundant acids (>1 mg/g of cheese) identified in the acid extract were ethanoic, propanoic, butanoic, hexadecanoic and 9-octadecenoic acid. The same compounds were identified in analyses of headspace samples but only trace quantities of the less volatile acids (C10to C16) were present, whilst C18acids were absent. Behavioural responses of femaleA. gambiaetowards a range of dilutions of the acid extract (in diethyl ether) were recorded in a windtunnel bioassay. The undiluted extract was found to be repellent, but became highly attractive (P«0.001) at lower doses, and was still significantly attractive (P<0.001) when diluted 106times. A synthetic mixture of 12 of the more abundant aliphatic acids identified in the acid extract was found to be significantly attractive (P<0.001) when diluted 108times. Electroantennographic (EAG) studies showed significant and reproducible responses to (saturated) Limburger cheese headspace. At doses higher than 0.1%, the synthetic mixture of 12 acids elicited significantly higher EAG amplitudes than the solvent control (paraffin oil). EAG responses were recorded from mosquitoes stimulated with C5to C8acids, that were characterized by significant dose-dependencies. Weaker, though significant EAG responses were obtained with the less volatile acids (C9to C14). Only hexadecanoic acid did not elicit a detectable response. The electrophysiological and behavioural responses obtained with fatty acids isolated from Limburger cheese suggests that together they could act as a kairomone for femaleA. gambiae. The implications of this are discussed together with the occurrence and bacterial production of these compounds on human skin.
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46

Simpson, John T., Paul J. Weldon, and Thomas R. Sharp. "Identification of Major Lipids from the Scent Gland Secretions of DumeriFs Ground Boa (Acrantophis dumerili Jan) by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 43, no. 11-12 (December 1, 1988): 914–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1988-11-1219.

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Abstract The scent gland secretions of Dumeril’s ground boa (Acrantophis dumerili), pooled from two adult males and a female, were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, as-9-octadecenoic acid, octadecanoic acid, cholesterol, and 5-cholesten-3-one were indicated. These results are compared with those obtained in analyses of the scent gland secretions of other snakes.
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47

Nazir, Muhammad, Waqar Ahmad, Naeem Akhtar Rabi, and Shafiq Ahmad Khan. "Epicuticular Leaf Wax of Euphorbia helioscopia L. (Euphorbiaceae)." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 48, no. 1-2 (February 1, 1993): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1993-1-202.

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The epicuticular wax of Euphorbia helioscopia was fractionated into fatty acids, hydrocarbons, wax esters, aldehydes, methyl esters, triterpenol acetates, alcohols, sterols, and polar components. The composition of the fractions was determined by GC, GC-MS, HPLC. Main components within these lipid classes are hentriacontane, wax esters C46 and C48, octacosanal, hexacosanol and octacosanol, hexadecanoic acid, and β-sitosterol. Lupeol and its acetate were also confirmed.
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48

Lee, Soon Dong, and Se Jae Kim. "Aeromicrobium tamlense sp. nov., isolated from dried seaweed." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 57, no. 2 (February 1, 2007): 337–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.64442-0.

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Abstract:
A Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped actinomycete strain, designated SSW1-57T, was isolated from a dried seaweed sample from the coast of Jeju Island, Republic of Korea and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. A neighbour-joining tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the organism was related to members of the family Nocardioidaceae and formed a separate branch at the base of a taxon encompassing members of the genus Aeromicrobium, whereas it occupied an intermediate position between Aeromicrobium alkaliterrae–Aeromicrobium marinum and Aeromicrobium erythreum–Aeromicrobium fastidiosum clusters in maximum-parsimony and maximum-likelihood trees. The phylogenetic association of the isolate with the genus Aeromicrobium was supported by the following chemotaxonomic properties: ll-diaminopimelic acid in the peptidoglycan, MK-9(H4) as the major menaquinone and major fatty acids cis-9-octadecenoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, 10-methyl octadecanoic acid and 2-hydroxy hexadecanoic acid. The polar lipid profile contained phosphatidylinositol, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. Levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between the novel organism and the type strains of the four recognized Aeromicrobium species were in the range 96.5–96.7 %. On the basis of phylogenetic analyses and phenotypic data, it is proposed that the organism should be classified as representing a novel species of the genus Aeromicrobium, with the name Aeromicrobium tamlense sp. nov. The type strain is SSW1-57T (=JCM 13811T=NRRL B-24466T).
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49

PU, Zhong-hui, Yu-qun ZHANG, Zhong-qiong YIN, Jiao XU, Ren-yong JIA, Yang LU, and Fan YANG. "Antibacterial Activity of 9-Octadecanoic Acid-Hexadecanoic Acid-Tetrahydrofuran-3,4-Diyl Ester from Neem Oil." Agricultural Sciences in China 9, no. 8 (August 2010): 1236–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1671-2927(09)60212-1.

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50

Lin, Yi-Chueh, and Akira Yokota. "Plantibacter auratus sp. nov., in the family Microbacteriaceae." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 56, no. 10 (October 1, 2006): 2337–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.64366-0.

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Abstract:
Strain NCIMB 9991T is a Gram-positive, short rod-shaped, yellow-pigmented bacterium, with a high DNA G+C content, and was originally deposited in 1967 as Arthrobacter sp. The bacterium is aerobic, non-motile, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies demonstrated that this strain was highly related genealogically to Plantibacter flavus DSM 14012T. Strain IAM 14817T (=NCIMB 9991T) has the following characteristics: the predominant menaquinones are MK-9 and MK-10, the DNA G+C content is 68 mol%, the diamino acid in the cell wall is 2,4-l-diaminobutyric acid and the muramic acid in the peptidoglycan is of an acetyl type. The major fatty acid is 12-methyl tetradecanoic acid (anteiso-C15 : 0), followed by 14-methyl hexadecanoic acid (anteiso-C17 : 0), 14-methyl pentadecanoic acid (iso-C16 : 0) and hexadecanoic acid (C16 : 0). On the basis of morphological, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, together with DNA–DNA hybridization and 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, strain IAM 14817T represents a novel species within the genus Plantibacter, for which the name Plantibacter auratus sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain IAM 14817T (=NCIMB 9991T=NBRC 15702T).
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