Journal articles: 'HFA-134a'

1

Harrison, Lester I. "PHARMACOKINETICS OF HFA-134a." American Journal of Therapeutics 3, no. 11 (November 1996): 763–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00045391-199611000-00005.

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Alexander, DJ, SE Libretto, MJ Adams, EW Hughes, and M. Bannerman. "HFA-134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane): effects of inhalation exposure upon reproductive performance, development and maturation of rats." Human & Experimental Toxicology 15, no. 6 (June 1996): 508–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719601500609.

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1 HFA-134a was administered to AHA rats by snout-only inhalation for 1 h daily to assess the effects of treatment on reproduction and development. 2 In a fertility study, rats were exposed to atmospheres of 2500, 10000 or 50000 p.p.m. HFA-134a throughout gametogenesis, mating, pregnancy and lactation. 3 In a peri- and post-natal study, rats were exposed to HFA-134a from days 17 to 20 of pregnancy and days 1 to 21 post partum to atmospheres of 1800, 9900 or 64 400 p.p.m. 4 The only treatment-related effect was a slight reduc tion in body weight gain of males of the treated parental generation at 50 000 p.p.m. (fertility study). 5 In neither study were there any adverse effects of HFA- 134a on the reproductive performance of treated animals or on the development, maturation or reproductive performance of up to two successive generations.

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Alexander, DJ, SE Libretto, H.-J. Chevalier, T. Imamura, G. Pappritz, and J. Wilson. "HFA-134a (1 ,1, 1, 2-tetrafluoroethane): lack of oncogenicity in rodents after inhalation." Human & Experimental Toxicology 14, no. 9 (September 1995): 706–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719501400902.

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1 Groups of 60 male and 60 female B6C3F1 mice or Han- Ibm Wistar rats were exposed to HFA-134a using snout- only inhalation exposure techniques for periods of one hour daily for at least 104 weeks. HFA-134a was deliv ered directly from cylinders at vapour concentrations of 2500, 15 000 and 75 000ppm for mice and from metered-dose inhalers at vapour concentrations of 2500, 10 000 and 50 000ppm for rats. 2 Intended dosages were achieved. 3 Evidence of absorption was found at each dose level and was dose related. 4 Neither species suffered any treatment related effects on survival, clinical signs, body weights, haematology nor on the type, incidence, site or severity of gross lesions. 5 There was no effect of treatment on the type, incidence, site or severity of neoplasms in mice or rats. 6 There were no non-neoplastic findings related to treat ment in mice. 7 HFA-134a was considered not to be oncogenic and to provide a safe alternative to chlorofluorocarbons for use in pharmaceutical metered-dose inhalers.

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Lyttle, Brian, John Gillies, Maarja Panov, Andrzej Emeryk, and Claire Wixon. "Fluticasone Propionate, 100 µg bid, Using a Non-CFC Propellant, HFA 134a, in Asthmatic Children." Canadian Respiratory Journal 10, no. 2 (2003): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2003/627531.

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BACKGROUND: Secondary to phasing out chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), the fluticasone propionate (FP) pressurized metered-dose inhaler has been formulated in a nonozone-depleting propellant, hydrofluoralkane (HFA) 134a.OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate equivalent efficacy and safety of FP 200 µg daily propelled by HFA 134a to FP 200 µg daily propelled by CFCs 11 and 12 over a four-week treatment period in pediatric asthmatic patients.METHODS: The study was multinational, randomized, double blind and of parallel group design. Eligible patients aged 16 years and younger were steroid naive or receiving 500 µg/day or less of beclomethasone dipropionate, budesonide or flunisolide, or 250 µg/day or less of inhaled FP. The primary efficacy variable was mean morning peak expiratory flow with equivalence determined if the 90% CIs for the treatment differences between groups were within ±15 L/min.RESULTS: Three hundred fifteen patients (mean age 9.3±2.8 years) were randomly assigned; 158 patients received FP HFA 134a and 157 patients received FP CFC. Over the four-week treatment period, mean morning peak expiratory flow increased from baseline in both groups (14 L/min and 17 L/min, respectively), with a mean treatment difference of -2 L/min. Equivalence was demonstrated between the groups (90% CI -6 to +3 L/min; P=0.589). Both formulations were well tolerated with no serious drug-related events.CCONCLUSIONS: FP propelled by HFA 134a has equivalent efficacy and comparable safety to FP propelled by CFC propellants at a microgram equivalent dose in pediatric asthmatic patients.

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5

Alexander, DJ, and SE Libretto. "An overview of the toxicology of HFA-134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane)." Human & Experimental Toxicology 14, no. 9 (September 1995): 715–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719501400903.

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1 This paper reviews the results of preclinical toxicology studies on HFA-134a carried out by Glaxo Research and Development Ltd. 2 A comprehensive range of studies was conducted in ani mal models suitable for the type of investigation. 3 The inhalation route of administration was used in all in vivo studies (with the exception of local tolerance and sensitisation studies) as patients will be exposed only to vapour during actuation of metered-dose inhalers. Cell cultures used for in vitro studies were also exposed to the vapour. 4 There was no mortality of rodents or dogs at extremely high vapour concentrations (81%v/v). 5 HFA-134a was considered not to be toxic or oncogenic and to provide a safe alternative to chlorofluorocarbons for use in pharmaceutical metered-dose inhalers.

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6

Harris, Julie A., Michael D. Carducci, and Paul B. Myrdal. "Beclomethasone dipropionate crystallized from HFA-134a and ethanol." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 59, no. 11 (October 7, 2003): o1631—o1633. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536803021196.

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7

Boulet, Louis-Philippe, André Cartier, Pierre Ernst, Pierre Larivée, and Michel Laviolette. "Safety and Efficacy of HFA-134a Beclomethasone Dipropionate Extra-Fine Aerosol over Six Months." Canadian Respiratory Journal 11, no. 2 (2004): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2004/823084.

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OBJECTIVE: To compare the systemic safety and efficacy of hydrofluoroalkane beclomethasone dipropionate (HFA-BDP) extra-fine aerosol 800 µg/day with chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)-BDP 1500 µg/day.DESIGN: Six-month, randomized, parallel-group, double-blind, double-dummy study.PATIENTS: Patients (n=141) with moderate to severe asthma adequately controlled by CFC-BDP 1000 µg/day to 2000 µg/day.INTERVENTIONS: Patients received CFC-BDP 1500 µg/day during a two-week run-in period and were then randomized to either HFA-BDP (n=70) or CFC-BDP (n=71).RESULTS: Similar proportions of HFA-BDP and CFC-BDP patients had a 24 h urinary free cortisol values below the reference range at month 6 (15% versus 25%, P=0.35). Measures of adrenocorticotrophic hormone stimulation and morning plasma cortisol levels were also similar in each group. The frequency of skin bruising and oral candidiasis was low for both treatments. No change in intraocular pressure was reported for either treatment. Pulmonary function was similar in both groups; however, the onset of the first asthma exacerbation or increased asthma symptoms tended to be earlier for CFC-BDP than for HFA-BDP (P=0.076); 27% of CFC-BDP patients reported increased asthma symptoms, compared with 14% of HFA-BDP patients (P=0.095).CONCLUSIONS: HFA-BDP 800 µg/day has a systemic adverse event profile comparable to that of CFC-BDP 1500 µg/day, and further control of asthma symptoms may be achieved after a switch from CFC-BDP 1500 µg/day to HFA-BDP 800 µg/day.

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8

Williams III, R. O., and Jie Liu. "Formulation of a protein with propellant HFA 134a for aerosol delivery." European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 7, no. 2 (January 1999): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0928-0987(98)00015-3.

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9

Hoye, Julie A., and Paul B. Myrdal. "Measurement and correlation of solute solubility in HFA-134a/ethanol systems." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 362, no. 1-2 (October 2008): 184–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.06.020.

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10

Finch, John R., William R. Banks, Dah-ren Hwang, Martin R. Satter, Bilal Ezzidene, Joseph C. Mantil, and George A. Digenis. "Synthesis and in vivo disposition studies of 18F-labeled HFA-134a." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 46, no. 4 (April 1995): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0969-8043(94)00129-n.

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11

MAGNUSSEN, H. "Equivalent asthma control after dose reduction with HFA-134a beclomethasone solution aerosol." Respiratory Medicine 94, no. 6 (June 2000): 549–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/rmed.1999.0772.

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12

Bronsky, Edwin, Bruce P. Ekholm, Nancy M. Klinger, and Gene L. Colice. "Switching Patients with Asthma from Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) Albuterol to Hydrofluoroalkane-134a (HFA) Albuterol." Journal of Asthma 36, no. 1 (January 1999): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02770909909065154.

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13

Smyth, Hugh D. C. "Multimodal particle size distributions emitted from HFA-134a solution pressurized metered-dose inhalers." AAPS PharmSciTech 4, no. 3 (September 2003): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/pt040338.

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14

Alexander, D. J., E. Mortimer, G. D. Dines, S. E. Libretto, and D. N. Mallett. "One-Year Study in Dogs of the Toxicity of HFA-134a by Inhalation." Inhalation Toxicology 7, no. 8 (January 1995): 1153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/08958379509012810.

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15

Hoye, Julie A., Abhishek Gupta, and Paul B. Myrdal. "Solubility of Solid Solutes in HFA‐134a With a Correlation to Physico‐Chemical Properties." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 97, no. 1 (January 2008): 198–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.21080.

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16

Williams III, Robert O., and Jie Liu. "Influence of formulation technique for hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin on the stability of aspirin in HFA 134a." European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics 47, no. 2 (March 1999): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0939-6411(98)00072-1.

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17

Peyron, I. D., I. L. Britto, L. B. Benissan, and B. Z. Tardieu. "Development and performance of a new hydrofluoroalkane (HFA 134a)-based metered dose inhaler (MDI) of salmeterol." Respiratory Medicine 99 (April 2005): S20—S30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2004.11.013.

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18

Shin, Hye-Won, Barbara Barletta, Leila Yoonessi, Simone Meinardi, Szu-Yun Leu, Shlomit Radom-Aizik, Inderpal Randhawa, Eliezer Nussbaum, Donald R. Blake, and Dan M. Cooper. "Quantification of Aerosol Hydrofluoroalkane HFA-134a Elimination in the Exhaled Human Breath Following Inhaled Corticosteroids Administration." Clinical and Translational Science 8, no. 5 (July 8, 2015): 445–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cts.12305.

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19

Soria, Inmaculada, Lester I. Harrison, Jane H. Machacek, Ann C. Cline, and Patti A. Stampone. "Beclomethasone relative availability of oral versus inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate from an HFA-134a metered dose inhaler." Biopharmaceutics & Drug Disposition 19, no. 5 (July 1998): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-081x(199807)19:5<297::aid-bdd105>3.0.co;2-i.

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20

Hafkin, B., S. J. Kovacs, D. Banerji, J. Garcia, R. Faruqi, and G. Georges. "Systemic exposure to triamcinolone acetonide (TAA): Assessment of a new Hydrofluoroalkane-134a (HFA) propelled nasal aerosol." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 115, no. 2 (February 2005): S133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2004.12.544.

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21

Rocca-Serra, Jean Paul, Eric Vicaut, Gerard Lefrancois, and Alberto Umile. "Efficacy and Tolerability of a New Non-Extrafine Formulation of Beclomethasone HFA-134a in Patients with Asthma." Clinical Drug Investigation 22, no. 10 (2002): 653–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00044011-200222100-00002.

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22

Shapiro, Gail S., Nancy M. Klinger, Bruce P. Ekholm, and Gene L. Colice. "Comparable Bronchodilation with Hydrofluoroalkane-134a (HFA) Albuterol and Chlorofluorocarbons-11/12 (CFC) Albuterol in Children with Asthma." Journal of Asthma 37, no. 8 (January 2000): 667–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02770900009087305.

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23

Ramsdell, Joe W., Gene L. Colice, Bruce P. Ekholm, and Nancy M. Klinger. "Cumulative Dose Response Study Comparing HFA-134a Albuterol Sulfate and Conventional CFC Albuterol in Patients with Asthma." Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology 81, no. 6 (December 1998): 593–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1081-1206(10)62711-1.

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24

Pinnas, Jacob L., Michael J. Noonan, Steven F. Weinstein, Paul Chervinsky, Catherine A. Scott, Nancy E. Herje, Wei Wu, and Courtney Crim. "Fluticasone Propionate HFA-134a Pressurized Metered-Dose Inhaler in Adolescents and Adults with Moderate to Severe Asthma." Journal of Asthma 42, no. 10 (January 2005): 865–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02770900500371294.

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25

Cheng, Y. S., C. S. Fu, D. Yazzie, and Y. Zhou. "Respiratory Deposition Patterns of Salbutamol pMDI with CFC and HFA-134a Formulations in a Human Airway Replica." Journal of Aerosol Medicine 14, no. 2 (June 2001): 255–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/08942680152484180.

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26

HARRISON, LESTER I., DAVID DONNELL, JEAN L. SIMMONS, BRUCE P. EKHOLM, KATHERINE M. COOPER, and PETER J. WYLD. "Twenty-eight-day Double-blind Safety Study of an HFA-134a Inhalation Aerosol System in Healthy Subjects." Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 48, no. 6 (June 1996): 596–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1996.tb05980.x.

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27

Harrison, Lester I., Ann Cline, Teresa M. Wells, Joseph P. Jacobson, Katherine M. Cooper, Shaw F. Chang, Janyce R. Nelson, Bruce P. Ekholm, and Joel Morganroth. "Systemic Concentrations of Salbutamol and HFA-134a After Inhalation of Salbutamol Sulfate in a Chlorofluorocarbon-Free System." Therapeutic Drug Monitoring 18, no. 3 (June 1996): 240–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007691-199606000-00004.

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28

Tarara, Thomas E., Michael S. Hartman, Howard Gill, Alan A. Kennedy, and Jeffry G. Weers. "Characterization of Suspension-Based Metered Dose Inhaler Formulations Composed of Spray-Dried Budesonide Microcrystals Dispersed in HFA-134a." Pharmaceutical Research 21, no. 9 (September 2004): 1607–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:pham.0000041455.13980.f1.

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29

Pearlman, David S., David Peden, John J. Condemi, Steven Weinstein, Martha White, Leslie Baitinger, Catherine Scott, Shu‐Yen Ho, Karen House, and Paul Dorinsky. "Efficacy and Safety of Fluticasone Propionate/Salmeterol HFA 134A MDI in Patients with Mild‐to‐Moderate Persistent Asthma." Journal of Asthma 41, no. 8 (January 2004): 797–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/jas-200038368.

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30

Baumgarten, C. R., P. Dorow, H. H. Weber, R. Gebhardt, J. Kettner, and A. P. Sykes. "Equivalence of as-required salbutamol propelled by propellants 11 and 12 or HFA 134a in mild to moderate asthmatics." Respiratory Medicine 94 (June 2000): S17—S21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0954-6111(00)80145-6.

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31

BAUMGARTEN, C. "Equivalence of as-required salbutamol propelled by propellants 11 and 12 or HFA 134a in mild to moderate asthmatics." Respiratory Medicine 94 (June 2000): S17—S21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0954-6111(00)90149-5.

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32

Milanowski, J., J. Qualtrough, and V. L. Perrin. "Inhaled beclomethasone (BDP) with non-CFC propellant (HFA 134a) is equivalent to BDP-CFC for the treatment of asthma." Respiratory Medicine 93, no. 4 (April 1999): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0954-6111(99)90020-3.

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33

Kleerup, Eric C., Donald P. Tashkin, Ann C. Cline, and Bruce P. Ekholm. "Cumulative Dose-Response Study of Non-CFC Propellant HFA 134a Salbutamol Sulfate Metered-Dose Inhaler in Patients With Asthma." Chest 109, no. 3 (March 1996): 702–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.109.3.702.

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34

Finch, John R., Eric J. Dadey, Stanford L. Smith, Lester I. Harrison, and George A. Digenis. "Dynamic Monitoring of Total-Body Absorption by19F NMR Spectroscopy: One Hour Ventilation of HFA-134a in Male and Female Rats." Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 33, no. 3 (March 1995): 409–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.1910330314.

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35

Yang, Feifei, Xiaobin Liu, Wei Wang, Chunyu Liu, Lihui Quan, and Yonghong Liao. "The effects of surface morphology on the aerosol performance of spray-dried particles within HFA 134a based metered dose formulations." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 6 (December 2015): 513–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajps.2015.07.006.

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36

Cooper, Katherine M., Shaw F. Chang, and Lester I. Harrison. "Determination of the chlorofluorocarbon substitute 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFA-134a) in human and animal blood using gas chromatography with headspace analysis." Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 667, no. 1 (May 1995): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4347(95)00013-9.

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37

Sa, Anongtip, Somchai Sawatdee, Narubodee Phadoongsombut, Wilaiporn Buatong, Titpawan Nakpeng, Rutthapol Sritharadol, and Teerapol Srichana. "Quantitative analysis of povidone-iodine thin films by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and their physicochemical properties." Acta Pharmaceutica 67, no. 2 (June 27, 2017): 169–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/acph-2017-0011.

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AbstractIn this study, povidone-iodine (PVP-I) has been formulated as a topical spray to produce a thin film for the controlled release of I2. By means of experimental design, 27 formulations containing glycerol, ethanol, PEG 400, copovidone and HFA 134a as a propellant were prepared. The pH values of all formulations were in the range of 6-7. The viscosity was within the range of 11.9-85.9 mPa s. The surface tensions were 20.3 to 24.6 mN m-1and the contact angles were between 19.3 and 38.7°. The assays for the iodine contents were within acceptable range (80-120 %). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis revealed the ionized form of iodine was much higher than the unionized form. The MIC and MBC values of the PVP-I sprays against Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were higher than that of commercial PVP-I solution. The cytotoxicity study confirmed that the PVP-I spray had lower toxic effects on keratinocytes and fibroblasts compared to the commercial PVP-I solution. The formulation containing 59 % ethanol, 18 % copovidone and 12 % PEG 400 showed good antibacterial activity.

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38

Salat, D., D. Popov, and A. P. Sykes. "Equivalence of salbutamol 200μg four times daily propelled by propellants 11 and 12 or HFA 134a in mild to moderate asthmatics." Respiratory Medicine 94 (June 2000): S22—S28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0954-6111(00)80146-8.

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39

Woodcock, A., A. Williams, L. Batty, C. Masterson, A. Rossetti, and L. Cantini. "Effects on Lung Function, Symptoms, and Bronchial Hyperreactivity of Low-Dose Inhaled Beclomethasone Dipropionate Given with HFA-134a or CFC Propellant." Journal of Aerosol Medicine 15, no. 4 (December 2002): 407–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/08942680260473489.

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40

Steed, K. "The oropharyngeal and lung deposition patterns of a fusafungine MDI spray delivered by HFA 134a propellant or by CFC 12 propellant." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 123, no. 2 (September 12, 1995): 291–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-5173(95)00150-h.

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41

Grzelewska-Rzymowska, I., J. Malolepszy, M. de Molina, K. Sladek, J. Zarkovic, and Z. Siergiejko. "Equivalent asthma control and systemic safety of inhaled budesonide delivered via HFA-134a or CFC propellant in a broad range of doses." Respiratory Medicine 97 (November 2003): S10—S19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2003.10.004.

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42

Langley, Stephen J., Andrew P. Sykes, Elizabeth P. Batty, Catherine M. Masterson, and Ashley Woodcock. "A comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of single doses of HFA 134a albuterol and CFC albuterol in mild-to-moderate asthmatic patients." Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology 88, no. 5 (May 2002): 488–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1081-1206(10)62387-3.

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43

Kobayashi, Y., H. Yasuba, M. Kudou, K. Hamada, and H. Kita. "Esophageal candidiasis as a side effect of inhaled fluticasone propionate dry powder: recovery by switching over to hydrofluoroalkane-134a beclomethasone dipropionate (HFA-BDP)." Int. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 44, no. 05 (May 1, 2006): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5414/cpp44193.

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44

SALAT, D. "Equivalence of salbutamol 200 $mu;g four times daily propelled by propellants 11 and 12 or HFA 134a in mild to moderate asthmatics." Respiratory Medicine 94 (June 2000): S22—S28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0954-6111(00)90150-1.

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45

VONDRA, V., K. SLADEK, J. KOTASOVÁ, M. TE R̆, A. ROSSETTI, and L. CANTINI. "A new HFA-134a propellant in the administration of inhaled BDP via the Jet® spacer: controlled clinical trial vs the conventional CFC." Respiratory Medicine 96, no. 10 (October 2002): 784–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/rmed.2002.1348.

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46

Stone, D. W. G., M. L. Mairs, L. Willits, and R. K. Sharma. "A Comparison of Fluticasone Propionate, 100??g Twice Daily, Administered Via a CFC and Non-CFC Propellant, HFA 134a, in Adult Patients with Asthma." Clinical Drug Investigation 21, no. 10 (2001): 695–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00044011-200121100-00004.

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47

Jacobson, Kraig, Paul Chervinsky, Michael Noonan, Robert E. Kane, Donald Banerji, and Thomas Uryniak. "Placebo-controlled, comparative study of the efficacy and safety of triamcinolone acetonide inhalation aerosol with the non-CFC propellant HFA-134a in patients with asthma." Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology 83, no. 4 (October 1999): 327–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1081-1206(10)62673-7.

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48

Ayres, J. G., A. B. Millar, and A. P. Sykes. "Clinical efficacy and safety of fluticasone propionate 1 mg twice daily administered via a HFA 134a pressurized metered dose inhaler to patients with severe asthma." Respiratory Medicine 94 (June 2000): S42—S50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0954-6111(00)80149-3.

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49

AYRES, J. "Clinical efficacy and safety of fluticasone propionate 1 mg twice daily administered via a HFA 134a pressurized metered dose inhaler to patients with severe asthma." Respiratory Medicine 94 (June 2000): S42—S50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0954-6111(00)90153-7.

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50

Argenti, Domenick, Bharti Shah, and Donald Heald. "A Study Comparing the Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Tolerability of Triamcinolone Acetonide HFA-134a Metered-Dose Inhaler and Budesonide Dry-Powder Inhaler following Inhalation Administration." Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 40, no. 5 (May 2000): 516–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00912700022009134.

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Journal articles on the topic 'HFA-134a'

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