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Journal articles on the topic 'HFSS antenna design'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 15 July 2025

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Prathyusha, Pippirada. "Design of Wideband Antenna for Millimeter Waves Using HFSS." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (2021): 1403–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35133.

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This paper reviews the objectives and requirements of wideband antenna for millimeter-wave applications using HFSS software (Ansys HFSS V.15.0). In modern era, all wireless devices are multipurpose and versatile, so this requires a wideband antenna to perform different tasks. Microstrip patch antennas are enhancing the performance of communication systems. Patch antennas are becoming more common these days because to their low profile and small weight, making them simple to build. The antenna and propagation issues are further complicated by need for more power, wider bandwidth, stronger gain, and insensitivity to the presence of human users. To provide dependable and interference-free communications and for high-performance millimeter-wave devices need efficient low-profile antennas.

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Zhang, Qing, Sanyou Zeng, and Chunbang Wu. "Orthogonal Design Method for Optimizing Roughly Designed Antenna." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/586360.

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Orthogonal design method (ODM) is widely used in real world application while it is not used for antenna design yet. It is employed to optimize roughly designed antenna in this paper. The geometrical factors of the antenna are relaxed within specific region and each factor is divided into some levels, and the performance of the antenna is constructed as objective. Then the ODM samples small number of antennas over the relaxed space and finds a prospective antenna. In an experiment of designing ST5 satellite miniantenna, we first get a roughly evolved antenna. The reason why we evolve roughly is because the evolving is time consuming even if numerical electromagnetics code 2 (NEC2) is employed (NEC2 source code is openly available and is fast in wire antenna simulation but not much feasible). Then the ODM method is employed to locally optimize the antenna with HFSS (HFSS is a commercial and feasible electromagnetics simulation software). The result shows the ODM optimizes successfully the roughly evolved antenna.

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Debjyoti, Saha, K. R. Dithya, Sharmin Hibah, and Pushpa B. R. Mrs. "Microstrip Patch Antenna for GPS Application." Journal of Analog and Digital Communications 4, no. 2 (2019): 11–19. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2805505.

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The study and the design of rectangular microstrip patch antenna for multiband applications are presented in this paper. They can be simulated on antenna design software’s such as High Frequency Simulation Software (HFSS), Advanced Design System Momentum (ADS) and Agilent Vector Network Analyzer (E8361A) where different feeding techniques have been deployed to get the desired results. Two rectangular microstrip patch antennas of frequencies 1.5 GHz and 2.4 GHz are designed and simulated on HFSS.

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Kim, Ji-Woong, Joo-Heon Oh, and Beong-Ku An. "HFSS Based Small Patch Antenna Design." Journal of the Institute of Webcasting, Internet and Telecommunication 12, no. 3 (2012): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7236/jiwit.2012.12.3.133.

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M., PARANTHAMAN. "DESIGN OF A FREQUENCY TUNABLE PATCH ANTENNA USING HFSS." IJIERT - International Journal of Innovations in Engineering Research and Technology 4, no. 2 (2017): 4–9. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1462255.

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Indispensable and acute constituents of wireless communication,constitutes the advent of antennas and few cased sometimes their incompetence to adjust with new working circumstances can frontier system performance. Tuning antennas to configure dynamically or manually such that they can adapt to fluctuating system requirements can eradicate those constraints and compromises further functionality. A frequency Tunable E - shaped patch antenna has the operating frequency range from 1.6 GHz to 3.8 GHz. With ideal switch case the simulated results of the design is obtained https://www.ijiert.org/paper-details?paper_id=140994

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K, Malaisamy, Baritha Begum M, Shamita S, Shruthika S, S. Subashree V, and Teena Mascelin J. "Design and Analysis of Planar Antenna for Radar Applications." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Transactions 6, no. 5 (2024): 126–35. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11243531.

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This paper focuses on designing T-shaped planar antennas for Radar applications using High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software. Antenna parameters such as return loss, gain, and radiation pattern are compared to determine the optimal design for the X-Band RADAR application, ranging from 8GHz to 12GHz. Through evaluation and comparison, it is concluded that the H-shaped antenna, sized at 70601.6, exhibits the best overall performance. This antenna demonstrates an efficient gain of 6.7dB with an operating frequency of 9.02GHz. The selection of the H-shaped design over other configurations suggests its superiority in meeting the requirements of RADAR systems operating within the specified frequency range. This study underscores the significance of simulation tools like HFSS in antenna design, allowing for thorough analysis and optimization to achieve desired performance metrics. The findings contribute to advancing antenna technology for Radar applications, enhancing communication and sensing capabilities within the X-Band frequency range.

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Jiang, Guo Xing. "The Design of Dual Band Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna for Civilian GPS Applications." Applied Mechanics and Materials 397-400 (September 2013): 1967–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.397-400.1967.

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Antenna is all important part of GPS receivers，there is a great need for the design and production of new antennas which are fully compatible with modernized signals. Because of their advantages such as low cost, compact size, low profile，ability to support dual-frequency and circular polarization operation, microstrip patch antennas have become widely used in GPS antenna designs. A circular polarization patch antennas are proposed in the paper. The antenna designed to operate at L1(1575.42MHz) and L5(1176.45MHz)frequency bands. Initially, a comer-truncated patch antenna for GPS L1 operation was designed to validate simulation in Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulator(HFSS), the results obtained for this antenna were used to design the two proposed antennas,and designed antennas are presented．

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Koshkid’ko, V. G., and M. M. Migalin. "Design of a Slotted Waveguide Antenna by Means of VBScript Scripting Language Macros in CAD Ansys HFSS." Journal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics 23, no. 1 (2020): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/1993-8985-2020-23-1-6-17.

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Introduction. Modern antenna devices contain a large number of repeating elements. The process of development of CAD models of such devices requires repeatedly performed operations that is a routine task for an engineer. Therefore, the problem of repeating operations automation arises when constructing antenna models with periodic structures.Aim. To demonstrate the automation of slotted waveguide antennas design process in CAD Ansys HFSS.Materials and methods. In order to determine the dimensions of the slotted waveguide antenna the energy method was used. Automation procedure of the design of the slotted waveguide antennas in CAD Ansys HFSS using the Visual Basic Scripting Edition macros was presented.Results. In order to design and edit slotted waveguide antennas in CAD Ansys HFSS four macros in the VBScript language were established: for slot subtraction from a broad wall of a rectangular waveguide at given coordinates; for removing the original slots created using the previous macro; for drawing a polyline passing through the centers of the slots, in order to verify the antenna’s near field realized distribution; for inclined slot subtraction from a narrow wall of a rectangular waveguide at given coordinates. Results of the macros usage were presented.Conclusion. The above mentioned macros allow one to automate the routine steps during the process of creating and deleting objects while designing an antenna model with periodic structures in CAD Ansys HFSS. Specified procedures for creating macros could be extended to a wide class of tasks related to the studies of characteristics of electromagnetic structures including repeating objects (phased antenna arrays, reflective arrays, slotted waveguide antennas, fractal antennas, log-periodic antennas, multi-layer lens antennas, ladder-type microwave filters).

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Mahvish, Mahvish. "Printed Antenna Design and Simulation for 5G using HFSS." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-3, Issue-4 (2019): 961–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd24011.

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S. Nageswara Rao, B., and E. E. Srinivasa Murthy. "Design of Multiband Fractal Antenna." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.20 (2018): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.20.14782.

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Fractal is a fragmented geometry which can be segmented into various parts, each part will be the miniature copy of the whole. The main advantages of fractal antennas are its reduced size and multiband operation. These structures have self-similarity properties and fractional dimensions. The self-similar geometrical nature of fractal facilitates the antenna design to achieve multiband applications. The proposed fractal antenna can be operated in different frequencies and 2 frequency bands. The obtained frequency bands are X- band and Ku- band. The proposed antenna has been designed, simulated and analyzed by using HFSS (High Frequency Structural Simulator) software 15.0.

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International, Journal for Research In Science &. Advanced Technologies. "DESIGN OF HIGH GAIN ULTRA-WIDE BAND MULTI-INPUT MULTI-OUTPUT(MIMO) ANTENNA." International Journal for Research In Science & Advanced Technologies 25, no. 05 (2025): 24–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15574382.

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This project centers around the design and simulation of a high-gain ultrawideband (UWB) multiple-input multiple- output (MIMO) antenna using Ansys HFSS. The Proposed antenna operates within the UWB frequency range of 3.1 GHZ to 10.6 GHZ, boasting a compact design, high gain, and minimal coupling between its components. The design process in HFSS entails fine-tuning essential factors such as element spacing, feed configuration, and substrate selection to attain a broad impedance bandwidth, high diversity gain, and stable radiation patterns. In Ansys HFSS simulation, the use of full-wave 3d electromagnetic modelling guarantees accurate evaluation of both near-field and far-field parameters. The antenna's performance is assessed based on gain, directivity, VSWR, and return loss. The stability of the radiation pattern across the UWB spectrum guarantees consistent omnidirectional or directional performance, which is crucial for mobile and dynamic communication environments. The findings confirm the effectiveness of the proposed antenna for high-speed data communication systems, such as 5g, IOT, and UWB radar applications. Its compact size, high efficiency, and consistent radiation patterns make it a suitable choice for portable and space-limited devices. The HFSS based approach guarantees precise performance estimation, enabling the creation of cutting- edge UWB MIMO antennas for future communication systems. This thorough approach positions the proposed UWB MIMO antenna as a promising candidate for implementation in emerging technologies like autonomous vehicles, smart healthcare, industrial IOT, and beyond-5g systems.

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Mujahidin, Irfan. "EVALUASI KINERJA MULTI ANTENA MIKROSTRIP 2,4 GHZ DIRECTIONAL UNTUK APLIKASI KOMUNIKASI NIRKABEL." Orbith: Majalah Ilmiah Pengembangan Rekayasa dan Sosial 19, no. 3 (2023): 348–53. https://doi.org/10.32497/orbith.v19i3.5272.

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Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, komunikasi nirkabel telah menggunakan antena patch mikrostrip sebagai komponen umum dalam sistemnya. Makalah ini menyajikan rancangan susunan patch mikrostrip paralel di insert untuk beroperasi pada frekuensi narrowband untuk komunikasi nirkabel. Multi Antena Mikrostrip 2,4 GHz Directional Sangat penting dievaluasi dalam konteks ini karena secara signifikan multi antenna memberikan dampak signifikan pada sistem komunikasi yang memanfaatkan multi input dan multi output. Penguatan yang tinggi diperoleh dengan menggunakan patch persegi yang mudah di duplikasi dan diimplementasikan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa antena yang di evaluasi kinerja paramternya sangat penting. Beberapa parameter antena seperti pola radiasi dan gain untuk satu dan multi antena diplot dan didapatkan hasil yang baik. Perangkat lunak simulator struktur frekuensi tinggi (HFSS) telah digunakan untuk mendapatkan hasil eksperimen. Sebagai bahan substrat, digunakan FR4 yang mempunyai konstanta dielektrik 4,2.Kata kunci : Antena, Miikrotrip, Multiantena, Nirkabel.In recent years, wireless communications have used microstrip patch antennas as a common component in their systems. This paper presents the design of an inserted parallel microstrip patch array to operate at narrowband frequencies for wireless communications. 2.4 GHz Directional Microstrip Multi Antenna It is important to evaluate in this context because multi antennas have a significant impact on communication systems that utilize multiple inputs and multiple outputs. The high gain obtained by using a square patch is easy to duplicate and implement. This shows that the antenna performance parameters evaluated are very important. Several antenna parameters such as radiation pattern and gain for single and multiple antennas were plotted and good results were obtained. High frequency structure simulator software (HFSS) has been used to obtain the experimental results. As a substrate material, FR4 which has a dielectric constant of 4.2 is used.Keywords: Antenna, Microtrip, Multiantena, Wireless.

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M, Vasujadevi, K. Akhil Teja, G. Divya, VV Sai Shanmukh, and K. R Dheeraj. "Fractal Antenna Design for Multiple Applications." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.7 (2018): 602. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.7.10889.

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The sudden development in in wireless applications has leveled up the use of antennas. Multiband antennas are used to operate at different frequencies for the reliability in various applications. This paper presents design of a novel fractal antenna for multiband applications. Attributes of proposed antenna are simulated using Ansoft HFSS. Due to the homogeneous property in the design of proposed fractal receiving wire it has the various multiband applications. Proposed Antenna design consists of FR4_epoxy material with dielectric constant of 4.4, height 1.6 mm. The operating frequency is taken as 2.4GHz. The antenna is simulated. The proposed antenna resonates at different frequencies. The results are measured and return losses are compared. Here the geometry of fractal antenna is analyzed for the C band resonating at 6.2 GHz, X band resonating at 11.9 GHz and Ku band resonating at 13.8 GHz for S11<-10db.

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Kumari, Shantha Selva, and R. ,. Mridula S. "Design of a 2*2 Microstrip Phased Array Antenna for Radar Applications." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 22 (December 31, 2023): 222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/23204.2023.22.23.

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Micro-strips patch antennae used in array configurations are more beneficial than single antenna element by augmenting the directivity (dB) radiation pattern, and lowering the substrate's permittivity to overcome its drawbacks, which include poor gain, low efficiency, narrow bandwidth limited directivity. It also facilitates beam-steering capability which is obtained by enabling phase difference(β) between the antennas. Beam scanning capability is used in radar and GNSS technologies. This paper proposes a 2*2 microstrip phased array antenna by using rectangular microstrip patch antenna on an FR-4 dielectric substrate for beam scanning. The resonant frequency of the antenna is at 2.52GHz frequency with a good Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) value of 1.1325. The design has been simulated in Ansys HFSS software. The simulation results exhibit antenna better performance of the proposed antenna compared to state-of-art designs present in the literature. The compactly designed Rectangular Micro-strip Patch Antenna array shows a low S-parameter (–24.127858 dB), high gain (13.689104 dB), directivity (14.055125 dB), and efficiency of 91.917%.

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Rajni, Rajni, Gursharan Kaur, and Anupma Marwaha. "Metamaterial Inspired Patch Antenna for ISM Band by Adding Single-Layer Complementary Split Ring Resonators." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 5, no. 6 (2015): 1328. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v5i6.pp1328-1335.

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In this work, we propose the design of metamaterial inspired compact circular patch antennas loaded with complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs) for ISM band operation. CSRRs have been incorporated horizontally inside the dielectric. The various models of CSRR loaded antennas with different patch radius are produced and are evaluated numerically with Ansoft HFSS software. The results of the suggested antenna designs are presented that reveal a comparable impedance match and radiation characteristics with those of a normal patch antenna without CSRR. The proposed antennas yield high levels of miniaturization and similar performance to the conventional patch antenna at the 2.45GHz.

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Singh, Khushboo, Sonal Patil, Ashwini Naik, and Sujata Kadam. "Hexagonal Microstrip Patch Antenna Design for UWB Application." ITM Web of Conferences 44 (2022): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20224402004.

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Microstrip patch antennas is one of the most used antennas for wireless communication. Its key features include a limited bandwidth, low cost, and ease of manufacture. This paper describes about the design of microstrip patch antenna over the frequency range of 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz for UWB applications. The substrate material chosen is FR4, having a loss tangent of 0.02, dielectric constant of 4.4, and substrate thickness of 1.59 mm. This work presents design of microstrip antenna with hexagonal shaped radiating patch. An antenna is modelled and analysed using HFSS 2021 R2 software. The antenna structure provides return loss which is less than -10 dB and a VSWR less than 2 over the specified frequency range. The simulated results of proposed hexagonal shaped microstrip patch antenna provides a peak gain of 5.32 dB with radiation efficiency of 90.88%. The planned antennas can be used for UWB applications.

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Yaser, Muhammad, and Untung Priyanto. "Perancangan Antena Mics Implanted Untuk Monitoring Detak Jantung Berbasis HFSS 13.0." Jetri : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro 17, no. 1 (2019): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/jetri.v17i1.4451.

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The medical implantable communications system (MICS) is one of the emerging technologies in the health sector where the implant device, in this case the antenna, is inserted into the human body between the skin layer and the fat. One application is for monitoring patient conditions such as heart rate and blood pressure. Microstrip antennas in the MICS application work in 402-406 MHz frequency range. In this paper, design and simulation of implant antenna is presented. The implant antenna is simulated using High Frequency Simulator Software (HFSS) using miniaturization, biocompatibility and biomaterial techniques. The antenna will be implanted in the upper arm model. The antenna specifications are as follows: the physical size of the antenna is 32 ´ 40 ´ 4 mm with a working frequency of 403.03 MHz which corresponds to the MICS frequency standard of 402-405 MHz. The VSWR simulation result is 1.2, which has met the standard VSWR value ≤ 2 on the rectangular antenna, which is generally considered as good. The gain is -27 dBi, which is considered good according to the standard (-31.5 dBi) and the SAR is 12.7 W/kg per 1g.Medical implantable communications system (MICS) adalah salah satu teknologi yang sedang berkembang dalam bidang kesehatan. Dengan teknologi ini perangkat implan, dalam hal ini antena, dimasukkan ke dalam tubuh manusia di antara lapisan kulit dan lemak. Salah satu aplikasinya yaitu untuk memonitor kondisi pasien seperti detak jantung dan tekanan darah. Antena mikrostrip pada aplikasi MICS bekerja pada rentang frekuensi 402-406 MHz. Antena implan yang dirancang disimulasikan dengan menggunakan High Frequency Simulator Software (HFSS) dengan menggunakan teknik miniaturisasi, biocompatibilitas, dan biomaterial. Antena akan ditanamkan pada model lengan bagian atas. Dari hasil simulasi didapat spesifikasi antena sebagai berikut: ukuran fisik antena sebesar 32 ´ 40 ´ 4 mm dengan frekuensi kerja 403,03 MHz yang sesuai dengan standard frekuensi MICS sebesar 402-405 Mhz. Hasil simulasi VSWR sebesar 1,2 sudah memenuhi standar nilai VSWR ≤ 2 yang dianggap baik pada antena rectangular. Gain sebesar -27 dBi, yang telah memenuhi standar sebesar -31,5 dBi dan SAR sebesar 12,7 W/kg per 1g.

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R. Arivarasu, N. Ramabasi Reddy, K. Madhavi, and A. Niranjan. "Microstrip Patch Antenna Development at K Band for Satellite Communication." International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology 11, no. 2 (2024): 287–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.32628/ijsrset2411225.

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A four-band microstrip patch antenna is designed to work for satellite applications. Out of four bands, one of the bands has a wide band width up to 8 GHz. These microstrip patch antennas can work in the allocated range of 10–40 GHz. The antenna designed can have low return losses and positive gain, which indicates that it can work for practical applications. The designed antenna added stubs on all three corner sides of the microstrip patch antenna for impedance matching. The design used for VSAT applications is the ANSYS HFSS R21. The HFSS (high-frequency structure simulator) software used for analysis of beamwidth, return losses, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), gain, gain polar plot, and 3D gain plot has been evaluated and is going to be verified. The gain of the antenna is very high, up to 8.25 dB when compared to the previous design, which was 3.25 dB higher.

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Buttar, Tanvir Singh, and Narinder Sharma. "Improving the Performance Parameters of Microstrip Patch Antenna by using HFSS." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 13, no. 11 (2014): 5187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v13i11.2789.

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A high-directivity patch antenna with broadside directivity is appealing, since a constrict beam can be obtained without the need of using an array of antennas. Hence, the solution becomes barer as there is no need for a complicated feeding network. In this senate, this paper presents a novel patch antenna design with high directivity in the broadside direction by using HFSS. The proposed finite element method is employed to design the rectangular microstrip patch antenna. The patch is divided into symmetrical rectangular pieces and has a small overlap area among them. This averts optimized geometries where rectangular pieces have only an infinitesimal connection. Hence, the proposed method is robust for manufacturing. The antenna functions in a higher order mode at 8.40 GHz, 16.5 GHz and the geometry fits inside a patch of 41mm Â£ 26mm on a substrate with a relative permittivity of 2.1 and a thickness of 1.75mm resulting in a gain of 9.94 dBi. The strength of this design is the use of FEM to select the optimized shape and the feeding place instead of a known shape and a fixed feeding place. The antenna has been fabricated and the simulation results are in good agreement with the measurements. These results in a less complicated design of a single high-directivity patch and enhance the gain and improve bandwidth.

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Mahvish and Tanika. "Printed Antenna Design and Simulation for 5G using HFSS." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 3, no. 4 (2019): 961–65. https://doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd24011.

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With expanding number of users, the demand for better technology also increases. The fifth Generation 5G technology would be one of the best technologies to meet the need of increased capacity demand, massive connectivity better speed by using the large amount of spectrum in the millimeter wave band, with 5G it is expected to get 80 100 Mbps speed. The need for 5G technology, methodology designing of antenna and various simulations is offered. The micro strip patch antenna is used here in 5G technology is relatively inexpensive to manufacture and design because of its simple physical geometry. Micro strip Patch Antenna shows multi band characteristics and has a compact structure and hence has emerged as a promising candidate for handheld devices the proposed idea is implemented by using HFSS software which is used for antenna designing Mahvish | Tanika "Printed Antenna Design and Simulation for 5G using HFSS" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd24011.pdf

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N., Rajesh Kumar*1 &. Dr. P.D. Sathya2. "A SIMPLE DESIGN OF MULTIBAND PATCH ANTENNA FOR RFID AND X-BAND FREQUENCY APPLICATIONS." GLOBAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND RESEARCHES 6, no. 1 (2019): 127–31. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2541641.

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A simple microstrip patch antenna is presented for wireless communication. This Microstrip patch antenna design that covers the bandwidth for passive and active RFID tags identification and X band frequency. The parameters of the designed antenna are presented. The operating bands are simulated and analyzed by Ansoft HFSS 14 with the criterion of return loss S11 less than -10dB. This simulation is done by using HFSS 14 software.

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Yiğit, Mahmud Esad, Gülay Öke Günel, Mustafa Emre Aydemir, and Tayfun Günel. "Soft Computing Approach to Design a Triple-Band Slotted Microstrip Patch Antenna." Applied Sciences 12, no. 23 (2022): 11923. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122311923.

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The design process of antenna structures that meet up-to-date requirements takes a long time and brings a high computational load. In this paper, an approach based on Soft Computing (SC) techniques was used to shorten the design time and to achieve an antenna structure that yields performance characteristics as close as possible to the desired values. In order to obtain a microstrip patch antenna with the targeted characteristics and the best accuracy in a faster way, a Support Vector Machine (SVM)-based regression model was employed. A triple-band microstrip antenna with desired resonance frequencies and gain values was designed by using the Support Vector Regression (SVR) model by introducing multiple slots and arc-truncation to the patch antenna. Simulation results of the High-Frequency Structural Simulator (HFSS) and measurements of implementation of the designed antenna are given. Performance characteristics of the obtained antenna are also compared with those given in the literature, which have triple-band properties. In addition, the antenna was redesigned using the optimization tool in HFSS for comparison. The accuracy of the results and required time for design were compared for both the SVR model approach and the HFSS optimization tool.

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Sundeep, Gera*1 &. Ch.Anil Babu2. "DESIGN & ANALYSIS OF TRI-BAND NON CONCENTRIC CIRCULARLY POLARIZED ANNULAR SLOT ANTENNA." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 6, no. 11 (2017): 296–303. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1050098.

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In today’s modern communication industry, antennas are the most important components required to create communication link. Multiple Frequency antenna is an antenna which works at multiple frequencies in which one part of antenna is active for one particular band of frequency. An L- shaped single feed multi-band circular polarized slot antenna is simulated in this project. The analysis and design of antenna structure is poised with two non concentric circular slots which are fed by a step impedance feed line. The proposed antenna is designed to operate at multiple bands in multiple frequencies. The output parameters like return loss, gain, axial ratio, and VSWR are measured for the corresponding frequencies. The simulation of this antenna structure is carried out by using HFSS software

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G.Bhatkoorse, Rohini, and Dr Mahesh A. "Design and Simulation of Metamaterial based Circularly Polarized Antenna Array." Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 23, no. 08 (2021): 437–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.51201/jusst/21/08417.

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The microstrip patch array antenna is usually designed as a broadside radiator. The radiating area of the patch can be of any planar shape from elliptical to square, but rectangular is preferred over other shapes. When elements of antenna are repeated, it is called as an array of antennas. When the distance between antennas is reduced, mutual coupling effect occurs. This effect occurs when the distance between the antennas is less than 0.5and this affects the gain and efficiency of the antennas. This effect can be reduced by using metamaterials. To reduce the mutual coupling between the antenna elements the metamaterial structure is artificially designed to obtain negative permittivity and permeability using HFSS and the results are verified using MATLAB. These metamaterials are placed between the patch elements of 1×2 circularly polarized array antenna when the distance between the patches is 0.2 for both RT duroid and FR4 epoxy substrate for 5GHz resonant frequency.

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D, MONISHA. "DESIGNING G-SHAPED MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR 5G APPLICATION." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 04 (2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem30034.

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This paper presents the design and simulation of a G-shaped microstrip antenna operating at 3.7 GHz for 5G applications using ANSYS HFSS software. The antenna is fabricated on a substrate with dimensions 30x60 mm2. The G-shaped geometry is chosen for its compact size and improved bandwidth characteristics. The design process involves parameter optimization to achieve the desired resonant frequency and impedance matching. ANSYS HFSS simulations are utilized to analyze the antenna's performance in terms of return loss, radiation pattern, 3D polar plot and efficiency. The proposed antenna demonstrates promising characteristics suitable for 5G communication systems, offering wide bandwidth and efficient radiation properties with specific application in the S band frequency range. Key Words: G-shaped patch antenna, 3D polar plot, 5G, S band, ANSYS HFSS design.

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Trisha Nayak and Susmita Bala. "Design of Different Micro Strip Antennas Used for Wi-Fi and IOT Applications." International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering and Management (IRJAEM) 3, no. 03 (2025): 790–93. https://doi.org/10.47392/irjaem.2025.0126.

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This research article presents the design and analysis of simple, low-cost microstrip antennas. The first antenna, referred to as Proposed Antenna 1, utilizes an affordable FR4 substrate and an inset feed transmission line network to excite the radiating patch. It operates as a single-band antenna with a resonant frequency of 5.34 GHz. To enhance performance, the dimensions of Proposed Antenna 1 were modified, incorporating cut slots on the radiating patch and employing a microstrip line feed technique for excitation. This modified version, named Proposed Antenna 2, features a unique comb-like structure and exhibits broadband characteristics, covering a frequency range of 3.44 – 6.86 GHz. The antennas were designed and simulated using the Ansoft High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). The study discusses the simulated reflection coefficient, gain, and radiation patterns in detail. Both Proposed Antenna 1 and Proposed Antenna 2 are well-suited for Wi-Fi and IoT-based applications.

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Cheng Lai, Wen, Lin Chuan Tsai, and Chia Wen Li. "Design of a Dual Band Coplanar Antenna for WiMax Applications." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.32 (2018): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.32.18381.

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Ansoft HFSS electromagnetic simulation software was used in this study to simulate the design of two frequency band dual band coplanar antennas for WiMax (3.44GHz to 3.69GHz) and (5.25GHz to 5.85GHz) with center frequencies of 3.5GHz and 5.25GHz respectively. The steps of antenna design simulation are shown in figures of Return Loss, Current Distribution and 3D Radiation Pattern. Through continuous simulation, modification, and correction, the antenna can achieve the desired effect. Metal was used as the reflective material for the antenna designed, the antenna was covered by the material as a partition between the antenna and the metal, and FR4 was used as high-frequency circuit board (dielectric coefficient = 4.4). The simulation and measurement results were found to have consistent and good characteristics.

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Jyothi, N. Krishna, M. Kumudini, B. Sowmya, N. Akhila Yadav, and P. Sai Nikitha. "Design and Simulation of Elliptical Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna Using HFSS." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 11 (2023): 259–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.56489.

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Abstract: The elliptical patch antenna presents a comprehensive study on the design, fabrication, and performance analysis of an operating at 2.4 GHz, employing FR4 substrate material. The elliptical shape is chosen for its unique radiation characteristics and compact form factor, making it suitable for integration into modern wireless communication systems. The design process involves careful consideration of key parameters, including patch dimensions, feedline structure, and ground plane geometry. Advanced simulation tools, such as electromagnetic simulators, are employed to optimize the antenna's performance, achieving desirable characteristics such as low return loss and enhanced bandwidth. Utilizing FR4 as the substrate material offers several advantages, including costeffectiveness, ease of procurement, and compatibility with standard PCB manufacturing processes. The dielectric properties of FR4 are thoroughly analyzed and incorporated into the antenna design process to ensure accurate simulation results. The proposed elliptical patch antenna has promising applications in various wireless communication systems, including Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and IoT devices, operating in the 2.4 GHz frequency band. Its compact size and robust performance make it a compelling choice for space-constrained and high-performance wireless communication applications. This contributes valuable insights into the design and optimization of patch antennas, particularly those using FR4 substrates, and serves as a foundation for the development of efficient and cost-effective wireless communication solutions in the 2.4 GHz spectrum.

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Abdulhamid, Mohanad. "Design of Slot Antenna based on Ansoft HFSS Software." Radioelectronics. Nanosystems. Information Technologies. 15, no. 4 (2023): 377–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17725/rensit.2023.15.377.

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A micro-strip fed slot antenna array for the ISM band was built using standard formulas for calculating various antenna parameters. Half power beamwidth 57°, throughput about 7.7%. This is obtained by matching the impedance and the high level of the surface waves. To expand the bandwidth, a direct-coupled power was used, which provides the largest bandwidth, is fairly easy to model, and has low spurious radiation. A directivity of 2.01 dB was achieved. This is a fairly high figure, although an increase in directivity can also be obtained by using a different material and thickness of the substrate. HFSS software examines and analyzes antenna characteristics, including voltage standing wave ratio, return loss, and far-field radiation patterns.

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Goslavy Lionel Nkouka Moukengue, Charmolavy, Rostand Martialy Davy Loembe Souamy, Nzonzolo a, Aristide Mankiti Fati, Desire Lilonga-Boyenga, and Junwu Tao. "ANALYSIS OF A NEW LEAKY-WAVE ANTENNA FOR W-BAND APPLICATIONS." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 12 (2020): 358–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12158.

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In this article, we present a dielectric leaky-wave antenna with periodic metallic patches. Its design is made using HFSS software. Analysis of the antennas radiation pattern shows that one can control the direction of the main beam and the levels of minors lobes from the diameters and numbers of the holes. This significantly reduces the weight of the antenna while improving its performance.

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Liu, Long, Yong Li, and Shen Ke Zhang. "Design of a Wide-Band Double-Ridged Standard Horn Antenna." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 4019–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.4019.

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This paper will present a novel wide-band double-ridged standard horn antenna at 0.5~6GHz with the software named Ansoft HFSS, which is mainly used for far-field antenna measurement system. A simulation model of wide-band double-ridged horn antenna and the detailed design of each part of the structure will be given. With optimization in HFSS, the results show that the VSWR in the whole frequency band is below 2.4 and average gain larger than 6 dB. Finally, results of the measurement for VSWR, gain and radiation pattern are presented and discussed, which indicates that the built prototype is consistent with the design goals very well.

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Abdelhakim, Boudkhil, Chetioui Mohammed, Benabdallah Nadia, and Benahmed Nasreddine. "Development and Performance Enhancement of MEMS Helix Antenna for THz Applications using 3D HFSS-based Efficient Electromagnetic Optimization." TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control 16, no. 1 (2018): 210–16. https://doi.org/10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v16i2.8000.

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Interest of Micro-Electromechanical System (MEMS) antennas in Terahertz (THz) applications has rapidly expanded in recent years due to the advent of accurate Computer Aided Design (CAD) tools. The very special needs of newly proposed MEMS antennas, especially with a wide bandwidth range, require advanced optimization procedures of enhancing already established designs. This paper provides a compact design of a wideband MEMS helix antenna optimized using tree-dimensional High Frequency Structure Simulator (3D-HFSS) based on Quasi-Newton (Q-N) and Sequential Non Linear Programming (SNLP) techniques to modify the antenna structure with a high accuracy for the selective band of frequencies by training the samples and minimizing the error from Finite Element Method- (FEM) based simulation tool. The helix antenna is presented using MEMS technology and shows high performance demonstrated by very low return losses of less than -20 to -65 dB for a wide range of frequencies from 2.5 to 5 THz. High antenna geometry precision and efficient performance are finally achieved by rectifying and synthesizing various tunable parameters embedded in silicon substrate including both helix form and feeding line parameters.

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Abdulhamid, Mohanad, and Eugene Ochieng. "Review Design of Slot Antenna Based on Ansoft HFSS Software." Technological Engineering 16, no. 1 (2019): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/teen-2019-0010.

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Abstract In this paper, a micro-strip fed slot antenna array for application in the 2.4GHz industrial, scientific and medical(ISM) band is implemented using the Ansoft HFSS software. Standard formulas are used to calculate different antenna parameters. The proposed antenna is designed to work at 2.4GHz frequency band. A half power beam width(HPBW) of 57°. A bandwidth of around 7.7% is attained. This may have been brought about by poor impedance matching and a high level of surface waves. A way of improving the bandwidth would have been to use proximity coupling feeding method which offers the highest bandwidth and is somewhat easy to model and has low spurious radiation. However, its fabrication would have been more difficult. A directivity of 2.01 dB is achieved. This is a fairly high though directivity increase could have been studied through use of different substrate material and thickness. Adjusting length and width of narrow slot loop antenna will influence on the resonance frequency and bandwidth. By using HFSS software, the characteristics of antenna are investigated and analyzed, including voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), return loss and far field radiation patterns.

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Sherila, Ayu Mika, Umaisaroh Umaisaroh, and Mudrik Alaydrus. "T-Shaped MIMO Antenna Design with Defected Ground Structure and Parasitic Elements for 5G Application." Journal of Telecommunication Electronics and Control Engineering (JTECE) 7, no. 1 (2025): 64–76. https://doi.org/10.20895/jtece.v7i1.1618.

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5G technology is designed to improve efficiency, network capacity, data rate, and coverage with low power consumption. This requires the design of suitable antennas for 5G wireless communications to achieve optimal bandwidth, radiation, efficiency, and performance. MIMO antenna designs use multiple antennas and face the main challenge of reducing mutual coupling between adjacent antenna elements. In this study, the MIMO antenna is designed using T-shaped DGS Technique and parasitic elements. The DGS technique is developed by creating a specific area on the ground plane of the antenna to improve its performance. By incorporating DGS concepts and parasitic elements into the design, the aim is to achieve large bandwidth and high gain. This antenna has dimensions of 52 mm x 12 mm and is simulated using Ansys HFSS software. Measurement results for the antenna using Rogers Duroid RT5880 substrate show a mutual coupling value of -54.2 dB, return loss of -11.1 dB, gain of 13.11 dB, and a sufficiently wide bandwidth. Thus, the proposed antenna can operate at a frequency of 28 GHz, meeting the requirements for 5G applications.

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Govardhani, I., M. Venkata Narayana, A. Navya, et al. "Design of high directional crossed dipole antenna with metallic sheets for UHF and VHF applications." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 1.5 (2017): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i1.5.9120.

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A compact dual band cross dipole antenna surrounded with metallic plates at five sides has been proposed in this article. comparative analysis has been done between the dipole and cross dipole antenna. On comparing these two antennas the proposed antenna has the high gain of 7db and radiation efficiency of 95 percent. The peak directivity of the proposed antenna is 5DB and its front to back ration is 60. The return loss, gain, radiation patterns and co polarization and cross polarization of the antenna has been observed and analysed using AN-soft HFSS v13.The proposed antenna works at the range of 0.6GHz to 1.5GHz which covers the applications like GSM, GNSS and some of the applications which covers in the range of UHF and VHF.

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Luo, Hui, Wei Wei Wu, Tao Xie, Le Peng Zhong, and Nai Chang Yuan. "Design of a Novel EBG Structure for Antenna Arrays." Advanced Materials Research 1044-1045 (October 2014): 1125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1044-1045.1125.

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EBG structures can greatly reduce mutual coupling effects between patch antennas by suppressing surface wave propagation in a specified frequency range. A two-annular rectangular slot EBG structure is proposed and its performance is analyzed. HFSS simulation results show that mutual coupling loss in a 2x2 patches system is reduced appreciably (10dB in the work frequency band 19.6~22GHz (K/Ka band)) compared with antenna without EBG structures. What’s more, the side effects on other performances, like reflection parameter and bandwidth, are so little that can be neglected. With this EBG structure loaded in antenna array, the systematic performance can also be improved.

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Liang, Yong Chun, Zhao Long Qiao, Zhi Peng Ge, and Teng Jiao Feng. "Design of Broadband Planar Spiral Antenna for Partial Discharge in Cable." Advanced Materials Research 816-817 (September 2013): 443–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.816-817.443.

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The detection of partial discharge in power cables is an effective method to diagnosis early fault of XLPE cable . When partial discharge occurs, it emits abundant frequency component in ultra-high frequency (UHF) band, and broadband planar spiral antenna is an effective sensor to detect UHF partial discharge signals. High frequency electromagnetic simulation software Ansoft HFSS is used to simulate and analysis planar Equiangular spiral antenna and Archimedean spiral antenna. The simulation results show that the two kinds of antennas work effectively in 400 MHZ ~ 1 GHZ frequency band and are high sensitivity and superior performance. Because of with smaller size and larger gain, the Archimedean spiral antenna is used to detect UHF signals of partial discharge in XLPE cable.

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Zhu, Chongwen. "Design of Three-Element Circular Polarization Antenna Array Based on Sequentially Rotated Feed Technique." Journal of Electronic Research and Application 8, no. 6 (2024): 26–33. https://doi.org/10.26689/jera.v8i6.8998.

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Circularly polarized antennas are used in communications between ground stations and satellites to achieve reliable communication links. The right-hand circular polarization and left-hand circular polarization are two types of circular polarization in satellite communications, they are used to support uplink and downlink communications. Circularly polarized antennas are used also in radar system for target detection, tracking and identification. The “three-element circularly polarized microstrip array antenna” is designed to produce left-handed circular polarization, make its size compact, make its bandwidth wider than 3.7–4.2GHz and achieve high gain. Circular polarization element antenna and three-element circularly polarized microstrip array antenna are designed and simulated in software HFSS, and the circular polarization element antenna is manufactured and tested in anechoic chamber. For circular polarization element antenna and three-element circularly polarized microstrip array antenna, the study analyzed these parameters: AR, S(1,1), VSWR, bandwidth, normalized impedance, gain and realized gain, radiation efficiency. After optimized, the study get the required results of them.

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Alhalboos, Manar Ahmed Mukhlef, Kassem Hamze, and Ahmad Ghandour. "Optimizing Arbitrary Patch Antenna Design Using HFSS Simulation: A Comparative Analysis of FR4 and Rogers Materials." International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology 08, no. 03 (2024): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.47001/irjiet/2024.804008.

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The study of arbitrary patch antenna design represents a critical endeavor in the advancement of wireless communications technologies. This study delves into the construction of a random patch antenna using 3D electromagnetic software, namely the HFSS simulation program. By altering the antenna's physical structure, particularly its ground plane and patch section, we hope to enhance the antenna's performance. Antenna efficiency as measured by gain, S11 parameter, and bandwidth is compared between two different materials, FR4 and Rogers, with varying relative permittivity. Advancements in communications systems and technologies have been made possible by optimizing efficiency, reducing antenna size, and improving performance through modifications to the patch antenna's material composition and design. Keywords: Arbitrary Patch Antenna, HFSS, FR4,

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D., Roopashree, Shruthi K. N., R. Bhagyalakshmi, and Chaithra K. N. "Design and Minimization of Mutual Coupling Steered Array Lens Antenna for 5G Communication." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRONICS 13 (December 31, 2022): 147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232017.2022.13.20.

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Examining and evaluating the improved microstrip patch antenna to enhance the performance by the initial objectives are the main contribution of this paper. To achieve multiband operation, the patch's shape is first adjusted later microstrip patch with the slot presented. With the help of the Ansoft HFSS antenna simulator, functional analysis has been shown to examine the impact on antenna resonant frequency. A probe-driven microstrip patch antenna imprinted on FR4 epoxy substrate with 1.6mm thickness and a dielectric constant of 4.4 is developed in this work via the HFSS tool for wireless applications operating between 2 to 5GHz. To achieve multiband operation, the structure of the patch is varied. The impacts on antenna resonant frequency are examined through numerical simulations. The length, as well as the width of a traditional patch antenna, is initially computed, and further, an appropriate patch dimension of 28.3mm x 36.9mm has been determined. For multiband operation over the frequency ranging between 2 and 5GHz wireless applications, a probe-driven microstrip patch antenna imprinted on FR4 epoxy substrate with 1.6mm thickness and a dielectric constant of 4.4 is built via the HFSS tool. The proposed architecture of a traditional microstrip patch antenna is imprinted on an FR4 epoxy substrate with a 1.6mm thickness and a 4.4 dielectric constant. The proposed antenna design is illustrated for the 3D structure of the Mutual Coupling Steered Array-Lens Antenna System (MPA) with an improved patch. To achieve multiband operation, two slots are inserted on the edges of the patch, and both the slots are 2mm wide, as well as the depth of the slots is modified to see how it corresponds to the resonant frequency. This work is mainly concentrated on (i) Examining as well as evaluating the improved microstrip patch antenna to enhance its performance, (ii) Examining, evaluating, as well as assessing the performance of an improved split ring resonator metamaterial, and (iii) Exploring, analyzing, as well as evaluating the performance of dielectric lens base patch array antennas and (iv) Developing as well as analyzing the transmission line phase shifter. The groundwork for developing this work is being carried out, and a comparative study is made on (i) techniques for improving the antenna's performance through the application of a modified patch antenna, a Modified split ring resonator, a Dielectric lens structure, and Transmission line phase shifter.

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Benmelouka, Rania Ibtissam, Yamina Tighilt, Kamil Karaçuha, Abdelhak Ferhat Hamida, and Asma Slimani. "An ultra-wideband antenna design optimization for biomedical applications using artificial neural networks." STUDIES IN ENGINEERING AND EXACT SCIENCES 5, no. 2 (2024): e5547. http://dx.doi.org/10.54021/seesv5n2-016.

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This paper presents an innovative method based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) for optimizing the design of microstrip antennas using HFSS software. The method leverages a dataset generated from comprehensive full-wave electromagnetic simulations to accurately predict antenna performance. In the ANN model, coefficients of reflection as input parameter, and five output parameters representing key geometrical variables of the antenna are utilized. The study demonstrates how ANNs effectively predict these variables, thereby enhancing design efficiency and significantly reducing the computational time required for antenna optimization. By providing a robust and efficient framework, the results highlight the promising potential of ANNs in optimizing antenna designs for diverse applications, including medical and wireless communication systems. Specifically, the proposed Ultra-Wideband (UWB) antenna operates over a frequency range from 5.17 GHz to 7.02 GHz and maintains an S11 value of -20.49 dB at 5.8 GHz within the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) bands. This research contributes valuable insights into advancing electromagnetic performance through efficient antenna design methodologies.

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Ozkaya, Umut, and Levent Seyfi. "MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF ABSORBING BOUNDARY CONDITION IN ANTENNA DESIGN." CBU International Conference Proceedings 4 (September 26, 2016): 832–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v4.861.

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In this study, the absorbing boundary condition is modelled and analyzed by particle swarm optimization for antenna designs. Two pieces of circular and rectangular microstrip patch antennas are designed for results by means of High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) simulation program. These antennas are implemented by printed circuit board technologies. The results of measurements and simulation performed for the antenna determined the optimal absorbing boundary distance. . In order to be closer with simulation and measurement results, data set is generated by varying in absorbing boundary size. Average square error between simulation and measurement data is necessary to be optimized as an objective function. For this reason, optimization algorithm based on swarm intelligence is preferred to be minimized the error function. Thanks to the results of measurements and simulation performed with the antenna, optimal absorbing boundary distance is determined by Particle Swarm Optimization.

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Narasimhan, Sivasankari, Karthik Vishnu E K, and Mugesh Marachan M K S. "Directivity Analysis for Dual-Band Monopole Antenna for RFID Applications." Journal of Telecommunication Study 7, no. 2 (2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.46610/jts.2022.v07i02.001.

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Design of radio-frequency identification tag with proper signal receiving and transmitting capability is now a challenging task. For that many kinds of antennas are proposed. This paper provides one such kind of design, incorporating the design of monopole antenna and micro-strip antenna. The operating frequency ranges are designed for 2.2–2.6 GHz and 5.3–6.8 GHz, which is suitable for RFID operation bands. Monopole antenna is fabricated in ‘F’ shape. FR-4 dielectric material has been used with 38 x 45 x 1.6 mm3 size. Return loss, VSWR, directivity and gain parameters are analysed using ANSYS HFSS software. The structure of ‘F’ pattern makes the antenna suitable for RFID applications.

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Manikandan, R., and P. K. Jawahar. "Quad Band Planar Inverted F Antenna for Smart Phone." Applied Mechanics and Materials 573 (June 2014): 394–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.573.394.

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In recent years, the demand for compact handheld communication devices has grown significantly. For device miniaturization antenna size is to be reduced. Micro strip and PIFA have been used for past few years. Since it has low profile geometry it can be embedded into devices. This project is to develop a Quad band small size Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA) for the operation in modern multi-band mobile transceiver system. Various techniques for analysis and design of such antenna investigated in this project. The design curve is used to design Quad band Planar inverted F Antenna to operate at the 900, 1800, 2100 and 3500 MHz bands. Since High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) simulation result agrees well with the theoretical predictions, this project also designed through HFSS. An antenna designed at the four desired band and optimized to adjust the four resonance frequencies using HFSS simulation. The substrate FR4 (εr=4.4 & tanδ = 0.02) are in good agreement with the simulation result. Further bandwidth enhancements by making defects in the substrate at particular area were need of much reflection.

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Alekhya, B., L. Anjaneyulu, A. Hrushitha Reddy, K. Suman, and T. Vikram. "Design and Development of Conformal Body Centric Antenna for WBAN Application." International Journal of Scientific Methods in Engineering and Management 02, no. 03 (2024): 01–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.58599/ijsmem.2024.2301.

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In this paper, a conformal body centric antenna for wireless body area network (WBAN) applications is discussed. These designs are low-cost, low-profile circular and ring-shaped monopole antennas. Operational frequency of antenna is range from 2.5–10.6 GHz to meet the requirements of WBAN systems. The antenna is intended to be body- centric and conformal, which means for best performance, it is placed close to the body and conforms tothe shape of the human body. The radiation patterns are measured at 2.5 Ghz frequency. The substrate used for design is FR-4. The simulation results show that the proposed antenna has good impedance matching, a broad bandwidth of 122 MHz, and a gain of 4.8 db. The radiation pattern of the antenna is omnidirectional, which is desirable for wireless communication applications. Monopole antenna is designed and simulated using the Ansys EDT (HFSS) software. The monopole antennas are also fabricated in real time with proposed specifications. The proposed antenna can be used in various wireless communication systems such as WLAN, RFID, and Bluetooth, where low cost, compact size and critical design are considered.

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Floc'h, Jean-Marie, Ahmad El Sayed Ahmad, and Yvan Kokar. "Dual-Beam Antenna Design for Autonomous Sensor Network Applications." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/289681.

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This paper describes our contribution in the ANR project called CAPNET dedicated to the site security (autonomous sensor network). The network is autonomous in term of energy and it is very easy to deploy on the site (the time to deploy each node of the network is around 10 minutes). The first demonstrator was deployed in the fire base station of Brest, France with 10 nodes with a security perimeter around 1.5 km. Our contribution takes place in the field of antennas, with the development of two systems: a single-beam antenna reserved for the supervisor or the last node of the network, and a dual-beam antenna dedicated to the node in linear configuration. For the design and optimization of antennas, we use HFSS CAD software from ANSOFT. The antennas have been designed and successfully measured.

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Hiba, A. Alsawaf, and E. Kanaan Amenah. "Rectangular and circular antennas design for Bluetooth applications." TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control) 21, no. 1 (2023): 8–17. https://doi.org/10.12928/telkomnika.v21i1.21824.

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The most researched and examined aspect of the communication system is the wireless connection. Without learning how to operate and use different types of antennas, your knowledge is incomplete. Microstrip patch antenna research has advanced significantly in recent years. When compared to standard antennas, microstrip patch antennas provide additional advantages and opportunities. It is of low volume, light weight, low cost, low appearance, compact and easy to manufacture. This study investigates the differences between rectangular and circular patch antennas. For Bluetooth applications, the center frequency of 2.4 GHz was chosen as the optimal resonant frequency. On a flame retardant (FR-4) epoxy substrate, the antenna dielectric constant is 4.4. Above the ground the base rises 3.6 mm. For the simulation process, high frequency simulation software (HFSS 15) is used as the program design. Antennas 1×1, 1×2, and 1×4 are designed for both circular and rectangular antennas. A comparison was made for both types of antennas and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), return losses, gain, directivity and half power beam width (HPBW) were found, and the feature of the rectangular antenna was shown.

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Lakrit, Soufian, Hassan Ammor, Soufiane Matah, Jaouad Terhzaz, and Abdelouahd Tribak. "Study and Design of Single and Double Layer Square Patch Antennas for UWB Applications." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 28, no. 14 (2019): 1950233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126619502335.

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This paper presents the design of Single and Double Layer microstrip patch antennas for ultra-wideband applications. This structure consists of a square patch with a partial ground plane, fed by a 50[Formula: see text][Formula: see text] microstrip line. This antenna is designed for a system to detect malignant tumors by microwave imaging. Prototypes of the two antennas are fabricated and tested with a network analyzer. The proposed antenna can achieve an ultra-wide bandwidth with VSWR[Formula: see text]2 from 3.82[Formula: see text]GHz to 11.72[Formula: see text]GHz for single layer antenna and from 3.2[Formula: see text]GHz to 10.95[Formula: see text]GHz for double layer antenna, with stable and bi-directional radiation pattern. The gain is good and has a peak value of 6.5[Formula: see text]dBi. The simulation of this antenna has been performed using Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) and Computer Simulation Technology-Microwave Studio (CST).

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S, A. Arunmozhi, and Benita Esther Jemmima V. "Design of Windmill Shaped Ultra-Wideband Antenna for Mobile Application." Journal of Communication Engineering and Its Innovations 5, no. 3 (2019): 22–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3570730.

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A compact, wideband, windmill shape ultra-wideband antenna is designed for mobile communication and a comparison is carried out among different substrate materials to investigate the most suitable substrate for the proposed antenna. UWB antennas are suitable for mobile communication due to its large bandwidth. The proposed antenna occupies a compact size of 34 mm x 30 mm. The design of the proposed antenna and the simulations are carried out in HFSS (High Frequency Structural Simulator). The antenna is designed on a polyethylene substrate with a dielectric constant (εr) of 2.25 and a thickness of 1.6 mm. This provides high return loss and gain when compared with other analyzed substrates. The antenna operates at a frequency band of 4 GHz to 10 GHz which is the recommended frequency range of UWB band by FCC. The maximum gain of the proposed antenna is 5.16 dB at 6 GHz and the directivity of the antenna is 5.27 dB with efficiency of 97.8 %. This antenna is suitable for UWB communication, with its broadband characteristics it can be utilized short-range communication.

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Lahiani, Mohamed Aziz, Zbyněk Raida, Jiří Veselý, and Jana Olivová. "Pre-Design of Multi-Band Planar Antennas by Artificial Neural Networks." Electronics 12, no. 6 (2023): 1345. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12061345.

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In this communication, artificial neural networks are used to estimate the initial structure of a multiband planar antenna. The neural networks are trained on a set of selected normalized multiband antennas characterized by time-efficient modal analysis with limited accuracy. Using the Deep Learning Toolbox in Matlab, several types of neural networks have been created and trained on the sample planar multiband antennas. In the neural network learning process, suitable network types were selected for the design of these antennas. The trained networks, depending on the desired operating bands, will select the appropriate antenna geometry. This is further optimized using Newton’s method in HFSS. The use of the neural pre-design concept speeds up and simplifies the design of multiband planar antennas. The findings presented in this paper will be used to refine and accelerate the design of planar multiband antennas.

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