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1
Tallamini, Stéfano Caon. "Avaliação de bactérias psicrotróficas presentes em presunto cozido fatiado e a influência de fatores ambientais na manutenção da qualidade microbiológica e inocuidade do alimento." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/153373.
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Este estudo objetivou analisar o potencial de deterioração da microbiota psicrotrófica presente em presunto cozido fatiado comercializado entre Maio e Junho de 2015 e Fevereiro e Março de 2016 no mercado público da cidade de Porto Alegre/RS e avaliar a influência de fatores ambientais na qualidade microbiológica do mesmo. Os presuntos foram coletados em 4 bancas desse local e foram realizadas contagens de bactérias psicrotróficas de 8 amostras e pesquisa de Listeria monocytogenes. Selecionaram-se 134 colônias de psicrotróficos isolados de presunto fatiado, 71 deles apresentaram atividade proteolítica, 58 atividade lipolítica e 12 apresentaram produção de exopolissacarídeo. Selecionaram-se 2 bactérias com a presença dessas atividades para identificação molecular, as quais foram identificadas como Kluyvera sp. e Carnobacterium sp. Além delas, mais 2 Listeria monocytogenes isoladas nesse trabalho foram submetidas ao teste de produção de biofilme, resultando como fracas formadoras e também ao teste de aderência em aço inoxidável, todas apresentando capacidade de adesão. A pesquisa de Listeria monocytogenes nos presuntos fatiados mostrou 100% de presença, sendo que 50% foram identificadas como L. monocytogenes, as quais pertenceram aos sorotipos 1/2a (1), 1/2b (2), 1/2c (2). Realizou-se análise de presunto cozido inteiro, em sua embalagem original, sendo que não foram encontrados micro-organismos Tratou-se o presunto fatiado com extrato de hibisco a 40% e pediocina a 0,5% e 1,0% e realizou-se contagem de mesófilos, psicrotróficos, Listeria spp., S. aureus e E.coli. O extrato de hibisco reduziu a carga desses micro-organismos. Pediocina 0,5% e 1% apresentaram pouca ação frente ao controle de mesófilos, psicrotróficos e E. coli, mas mantiveram a carga de S. aureus controlada e foram eficazes contra Listeria spp. Foram realizadas também contagens para Listeria monocytogenes, E. coli, S. aureus, mesófilos e psicrotróficos em suabes oriundos de fatiador de alimentos, superfície de contato e utensílio utilizados nas bancas do mercado público. Em conclusão grande parte dos psicrotróficos apresentou atividade proteolítica e lipolítica, as quais alteram organolepticamente o alimento. Alguns apresentaram produção de biofilme e capacidade de aderência, fato indesejado, pois sua remoção é mais difícil no ambiente industrial, com isso nota-se que a legislação brasileira apresenta carência na contagem de psicrotróficos em produtos cárneos.This study aimed to evaluate the microbiota present in sliced cooked ham sold in the public market in Porto Alegre/RS and evaluate the ability of compounds with antimicrobial activity of hibiscus extract and pediocin to control the microbiota found. Ham collected was stored refrigerated until to arrive the laboratory for analysis. Psychrotrophic bacteria counts were performed. Were selected 134 colonies of psychrotrophic microorganisms isolated for sliced ham and 71 of them showed proteolytic activity, 58 lipase activity, 12 showed production of exopolysaccharide. Two of these bacteria were selected for molecular identification which were identified as Kluyvera sp. and Carnobacterium sp. These two bacteria plus two Listeria monocytogenes isolated for sliced ham were subjected to testing of biofilm production (resulting as weak forming of biofilm) and were tested for adhesion in stainless steel and all showed this property. The research of Listeria spp. in sliced cooked ham showed 100% of presence, which 50% were identified as L. monocytogenes to serotypes 1/2a (1) 1/2b (2), 1/2c (2). Analysis was carried out of a whole piece of cooked ham in its original packaging and none microorganisms were found. The sliced ham was treated with hibiscus extract of 40% and pediocin of 0.5% and 1.0% and has been mesophilic, psychrotrophic, Listeria spp., S. aureus and E. coli counts The hibiscus extract reduced the quantity of these microorganisms. Pediocin 0.5% and 1,0% had little action against the control of mesophilic, psychrotrophic and E. coli, but in S. aureus counts were controlled bacteria charge and were effective against Listeria spp.. Also counts of Listeria monocytogenes, E. coli, S. aureus, mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria were performed from swabs of slicer food, contact surface and food tool (knife or spatula) used in public market stalls. In conclusion, most of the psychrotrophs presented proteolytic and lipolytic activity, which alter organoleptically the food. Some of them have presented biofilm production and adhesion capacity, undesirable fact because when the biofilm is formed is more difficult to remove it in the industrial environment. With this it is showed that the brazilian legislation presents a lack in the research of psychrotrophs in meat products kept refrigerated.
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Ndiaye, Oumoule. "Impacts of Water, Extraction Procedure and Origin on Anthocyanins and Volatile Compositions of Hibiscus Extracts and Freeze-Dried Hibiscus." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/88756.
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There has been a lot of interest in Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), called Bissap in Senegal, hibiscus recently because of consumer interest in nutraceutical products. However, beverages made from hibiscus have a short self-life due to anthocyanin and flavor degradation. The purpose of our study was first to assess the impacts of water, extraction procedure and origin on the anthocyanins of hibiscus extracts and secondly, to examine the impacts of freeze-drying on the anthocyanins and the volatiles compositions of hibiscus extracts. For the first experiment, a 2x3 factorial design was used with hibiscus calyces from Senegal and Egypt for the factor origin, distilled water and reformulated Dakar (Senegal) water for the second factor water, and then cold and hot extraction procedures were applied. For the second experiment, Senegalese hibiscus was extracted with hot and cold water and one part of each extract was freeze-dried. For both objectives, a ratio of 1:15 w/v (1 kilogram of calyces for 15 liters of water) were used. The time-temperature was 98°C / 30 min for hot and 22°C / 4 hours for cold extractions. The anthocyanins were determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). And the volatiles were measured using headspace-solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GCMS). Origin and temperature as well as their interaction had significant effects on the anthocyanin contents, with respective p-values of 0.0036 and 0.0025 and 0.0002. Freeze-drying showed no effect on the anthocyanins in cold extracts. In contrast, a significant difference between the hot extract and its freeze-dried product was observed with a p-value of 0.0013. For the flavor compounds, the aroma profiles were different between cold and hot extracts and their instant powders. Globally the results of this study can help in the optimization when processing hibiscus derivatives.MSLFS
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Maciel, Mônica Jachetti. "Avaliação do extrato alcoólico de hibisco (hibiscus sabdariffa l.) como fator de proteção antibacteriana e antioxidante em alimentos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/29544.
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O hibisco (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) além de possuir propriedades antioxidantes e antimicrobianas, é utilizado como planta medicinal e alimento funcional nos países tropicais. Através de Testes de Diluição em Sistema de Tubos Múltiplos determinou-se a Intensidade de Atividade de Inibição Bacteriana (IINIB/Bacteriostasia) e a Intensidade de Atividade de Inativação Bacteriana (IINAB/Bactericidia) de extrato alcoólico de dois acessos de hibisco, a saber: Palmares do Sul/RS e Porto Alegre/RS sobre inóculos padronizados de Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 19433), Escherichia coli (ATCC 11229), Salmonella Enteritidis (ATCC 11076) e Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923). Paralelamente, o teor de polifenóis totais e de antocianinas nos cálices e nos frutos com sementes do hibisco foi determinado. A atividade antimicrobiana do extrato alcoólico de cálices, em ambos os acessos, apresentou diferença positiva significativa quando relacionada ao extrato alcoólico dos frutos com sementes. Salmonella Enteritidis foi a bactéria mais sensível ao extrato alcoólico de cálices do hibisco enquanto a mais resistente foi Staphylococcus aureus, independente da variável acesso, considerando somente a estrutura vegetal. Em relação ao extrato alcoólico dos frutos com sementes, Escherichia coli demonstrou a maior sensibilidade e Staphylococcus aureus a maior resistência. Os valores de polifenóis totais e de antocianinas do extrato alcoólico de cálices apresentaram diferença significativa entre si e foram superiores ao extrato alcoólico dos frutos com sementes. Possivelmente existe uma relação direta entre a concentração de antocianina e a atividade antibacteriana em diferentes estruturas vegetais do hibisco.The hibiscus (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) has antioxidant and antimicrobial properties and it is utilized as functional food and medicinal plant in tropical countries. Through of Dilution Testing in Multiple Tubes System, it were determined the intensity of bacterial inhibition activity (IINIB/ Bacteriostasy) and the intensity of bacterial inactivation activity (IINAB/ Bactericidie) of alcoholic extracts of two accesses of hibiscus, known as: Palmares do Sul/RS and Porto Alegre/RS on standardized inoculum of Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 19433), Escherichia coli (ATCC 11229), Salmonella Enteritidis (ATCC 11076) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923). At the same time, the total content of polyphenols and anthocyanins in the calyxes and fruits with seeds hibiscus was determined. The antimicrobial activity of alcoholic extract of the calyxes in both accesses showed a significant positive difference when related to the alcoholic extract of the fruits with seeds. Salmonella enteritidis was the most sensitive bacteria to the alcoholic extract of calyxes of the hibiscus while the most resistant was Staphylococcus aureus, independent of the variable access, considering only the plant structure. In relation to the alcoholic extract of the fruits with seeds, Escherichia coli showed the highest sensitivity and Staphylococcus aureus the highest resistence. Total polyphenols and anthocyanins of alcoholic extract of calyxes‟s values showed a significant difference and they were superior to alcohol extract of fruits with seeds. Possibly there is a direct relationship between the concentration of anthocyanin and antibacterial activity in different structures of the hibiscus plant.
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Sinela, André Mundombe. "Etude des mécanismes réactionnels et des cinétiques de dégradation des anthocyanes dans un extrait d’Hibiscus sabdariffa L." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NSAM0036/document.
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Les calices séchés d’Hibiscus sabdariffa L. sont traditionnellement utilisés en Afrique pour la production de boissons par macération dans l’eau. Cette matière première, riche en anthocyanes, est aussi connue dans l’industrie agro-alimentaire comme source de colorants naturels. Toutefois, la couleur des extraits obtenus évoluent rapidement au cours du temps ce qui nuit au développement de ces produits. Afin de mieux caractériser et de mieux comprendre l’instabilité de la couleur, ce travail propose une étude cinétique et mécanistique de la dégradation des anthocyanes durant la conservation d’un extrait d’H. sabdariffa. La caractérisation biochimique de l’extrait a notamment permis d’identifier les polyphénols majoritaires (delphinidine 3-O-sambubioside Del-3Sb, cyanidine 3-O-sambubioside Cya-3Sb, acides caféoylquiniques) et à mis en évidence la présence de métaux connus comme potentiels catalyseurs d’oxydation (Fe, Cu, Mn). Les cinétiques de dégradation des anthocyanes dans l’extrait ont été suivies par CLHP-DAD entre 4 et 37°C pendant 60 j. Elles peuvent être représentées par un modèle d’ordre 1. La Del-3Sb (Ea= 90 kJ.mol-1) est plus sensible à l’augmentation de la température que la Cya-3Sb (Ea= 80 kJ.mol-1). L’influence de différents facteurs sur la dégradation des anthocyanes a été étudiée dans des solutions modèles simplifiées. La constante de vitesse de dégradation de la Del-3Sb en solution modèle contenant du Fe (III), Cu (II) et Mn (II) à des concentrations similaires à celles de l’extrait, est proche de celle mesurée dans l’extrait. Celle de la Cya-3Sb est 40 % plus faible que dans l’extrait. L’augmentation de la concentration en Fe de 1 à 13 mg.L-1 multiplie environ 3 fois les vitesses de dégradation des anthocyanes. L’ajout d’acide chlorogénique à une solution modèle contenant du Fe augmente la vitesse de dégradation de la Cya-3Sb de 42 %. Un effet inverse est observé dans le cas de Del-3Sb (diminution de 47%). La teneur en oxygène dissous n’a pas d’influence sur les vitesses de dégradation. Deux mécanismes de dégradation des anthocyanes ont été mis en évidence : le mécanisme de scission, représentant une voie minoritaire (10% des anthocyanes dégradés) avec production de phloroglucinaldéhyde, d’acide gallique (issu de Del-3Sb) et protocatéchique (issu de Cya-3Sb) et un mécanisme de condensation avec formation de polymères bruns qui est favorisé par l’augmentation de la concentration en Fe et le mélange Fe, Cu et Mn. Les conclusions de l’ensemble du travail aboutissent à des perspectives sur l’étude de l’impact d’autres composés présents dans l’extrait (sucres, acides aminés) ainsi qui l’identification et la quantification des polymères brunsDried calyx of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. are traditionally used in Africa for beverage production by maceration in water. This raw material, rich in anthocyanins, is also known in the food industry as a source of natural dyes. However, the color of extracts obtained quickly changes over time which affects the development of these products. To better characterize and understand the instability of color, this work provides a mechanistic and kinetic study of the degradation of anthocyanins during the conservation of an extract from H. sabdariffa. Biochemical characterization of the extract allowed to identify predominant polyphenols (delphinidin 3-O-sambubioside Del-3Sb, cyanidin 3-O-sambubioside Cya-3Sb and caffeoylquinic acids) and highlighted the presence of metals known as potential oxidation catalysts (Fe, Cu, Mn). Kinetics of degradation of anthocyanins in the extract were followed by HPLC-DAD between 4 and 37 ° C for 60 days. It can be represented by a first order model. Del-3Sb (Ea = 90 kJ mol-1) is more sensitive to temperature increase than Cya-3Sb (Ea = 80 kJ.mol-1). Influence of different factors on the degradation of anthocyanins was studied in simplified model media. Rate constant of degradation (k) of Del-3Sb on model media containing Fe (III), Cu (II) and Mn (II) at similar concentrations to those of the extract was similar to that measured in the extract. For Cya-3Sb it was 40% lower than in the extract. Increasing Fe concentration of 1 to 13 mg.L 1 increased by about 3-fold the k of anthocyanins. Adding chlorogenic acid in a model media containing Fe increased k of Cya-3Sb 42%. Opposite effect was observed for Del-3Sb (47% decrease). Dissolved oxygen content has no influence on k of anthocyanins. Two mechanisms of degradation of anthocyanins have been identified: the scission mechanism, representing a minority pathway (10% of degraded anthocyanins) with production of phloroglucinaldehyde, gallic acid (from Del-3Sb) and protocatechuic (from Cya -3Sb). The other mechanism is condensation with formation of brown polymers, it is promoted by increasing of concentration of Fe was and mixture of Fe, Cu and Mn. Conclusions led to perspectives on study of impact of other compound in the extract (sugar, amino-acids) as well as identification and quantification of brown polymers
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Melecchi, Maria Ines Soares. "Caracterização química de extratos de Hibiscus tiliaceus : estudo comparativo de métodos de extração." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/6036.
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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a composição química das flores de Hibiscus tiliaceus L usando diferentes técnicas de extração. Os métodos de extração usados foram maceração, Soxhlet, ultra-som, extração com fluido supercrítico e extração com líquido pressurizado. Foram investigadas as variáveis que podem influenciar no processo de extração tais como temperatura, pressão, polaridade do solvente, tempo de extração e massa de amostra, entre outras. A identificação dos compostos foi realizada por cromatografia gasosa acoplada com detector de espectrometria de massas. Os métodos de extração utilizados mostraram-se eficientes para a obtenção dos extratos, com algumas diferenças qualitativas. Quantitativamente, os compostos majoritários, em todas as técnicas de extração usadas, foram ácidos carboxílicos (C16 e C18), hidrocarbonetos com número ímpar de carbonos (C27, C29 e C31) e fitosteróis. Entre os métodos de extração que utilizam solventes orgânicos, a extração com líquido pressurizado apresentou maior rendimento em massa de extrato e maior concentração de alguns dos compostos presentes nas flores de Hibiscus tiliaceus L., com as vantagens de redução de solventes e do tempo de extração. A variável que se mostrou mais importante nos procedimentos de extração foi a polaridade do solvente. A composição química das flores Hibiscus tiliaceus L apresentou além dos compostos citados, álcoois, aldeídos e vitamina E. A determinação do potencial antioxidante da planta, utilizando o método por quimiluminescência, permitiu encontrar valores para TAR e TRAP superiores ao trolox, utilizado como padrão, indicando a presença de antioxidantes nos extratos.
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Elashi, Balsam. "The antimicrobial and antifungal efficacy of indigenous plant extracts against streptococcus mutans, Escherichia colia and Candida albicans." University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4246.
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Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent)The antimicrobial and antifungal efficacy of indigenous plant extracts against Streptococcus mutans , Escherichia coli and Candida albicans .Aim: To determine the antimicrobial and antifungal efficacy of indigenous plant extracts, Tamarindus Indica (T. ndica), Hibiscus sabdariffa (H. sabdaraffi), Adansonia digitata (A.digitata) and Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) against Streptococcus mutans ( S. mutans ), Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) and Candida albicans (C. albicans) objectives:The objectives of this study were to: 1.Measure the zones of growth inhibition by T. indicia , A. digitata , M.oleifera and H. sabdariffi extracts against, S.mutans , E.coli and C.albicans . 2.Compare the size of inhibition zones of different bacteria or fungus, S. mutans ,E.coli and C. albicans, around the same plant extract.3.Compare the size of inhibition zones for the same bacteria in different plant extracts T.indicia ,A.digitata H.sabdariffi and M.oleifera Methodology .The antimicrobial and antifungal effect of the ethanolic extracts of T. indica , H.sabdariffa, A.digitata and M.oleifera was performed using the disc diffusion method against S. mutans ,E.coli and C.albicans. The antibacterial and antifungal activity of the plants was determined by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zones. esults and conclusion: The results showed that.T.indica and H.sabdariffa ethanolic extracts have an antibacterial effect against S.mutans and E.coli.However, H.sabdariffi showed a significantly higher antibacterial effect against E.coli and S.mutans, with a range of 14.50mm to 12.01mm and 16.41 mm to 14.39 mm compared to T.indica ,with a range of 11.41 mm to 7.04mm and 6.88mm to 10.40mm, respectively.Furthermore, the statistical multiple pairwise test (Conover Iman procedure/Two -tailed test) omputed that the effect of H.sabdariffi is significantly (critical value >7.229) greater for the G ram positive S.mutans than the G ram negative E.coli.On the other hand,T.indica showed a similar antibacterial effect against S.mutans and E.coli,respectively.In contrast, M. oleifera and A.digitata ethanolic plant extracts showed no antibacterial effect against E.coli and S.mutans. All the indigenous plants tested, T.indica ,H.sabdariffa, M. oleifera and A.digitata had no antifungal activity on C.albicans
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Almeida, Eduardo Farina de. "Efeito antidepressivo e ansiolítico do extrato metanólico de Hibiscus tiliaceus em modelo animal de depressão pós-parto." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/67656.
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Hibiscus tiliaceus L. (Malvaceae) é usado popularmente em desordens do pós-parto. O extrato metanólico de flores de H. tiliaceus apresentou atividade antidepressiva-like nos testes de nado forçado e de suspensão da cauda, ambos são amplamente usados como modelos animais preditivos da atividade antidepressiva. Além disso, o extrato demonstrou uma tendência de aumento do tempo gasto nos braços abertos no labirinto em cruz elevado. Considerando que o extrato de H. tiliaceus, que contém fitoesteróis como o estigmasterol, o stigmastadienol e o stigmastadienone, pode ser útil no tratamento ou prevenção da depressão pós-parto relacionadas à retirada crônica de altos níveis de hormônios associados à gestação. Nosso objetivo foi avaliar o efeito de extratos de H. tiliaceus em modelo animal de depressão pós-parto e ansiedade. Utilizamos ratas Wistar fêmeas submetidas ao modelo de depressão pós-parto induzido por hormônios (estradiol e progesterona), administrados por via subcutânea. Após período gestacional induzido, os animais receberam água, veiculo ou extrato de H. tiliaceus nas doses de 100 e 400mg/kg, via oral (gavagem). No período pós-parto, as ratas foram submetidas a testes comportamentais de nado forçado, o labirinto em cruz elevado e de preferência claro-escuro como modelos preditivo de depressão e ansiedade. Foi obsevado um aumento no tempo de imobilidade associado a uma diminuição na tentativa de fuga, no teste do nado forçado, em animais submetidos ao modelo de depressão pós-parto comparado ao grupo controle, sugerindo que este modelo é capaz reproduzir sintomas de depressão pós-parto. Não houve diferença significativa nos testes de ansiedade entre os animais submetidos ao modelo de depressão pós-parto comparado aos controles. A administração de extrato metanólico de H. tiliaceus não foi capaz de alterar o comportamento relacionado à depressão e ansiedade em ratas Wistar.Postpartum affective disorders are rarely modeled. The depressive-like behavior of hormone withdrawal following hormone-simulated "pregnancy" was described in Long-Evans and Sprague Dawley rats. Our aim was to evaluate the validity of hormone withdrawal following hormonesimulated "pregnancy" method in Wistar rats as a model of depression and/or anxiety. Recently, it was demonstrated an antidepressant-like profile of methanol extract of Hibiscus tiliaceus L., a plant used in postpartum disorders, in adult male Swiss albino mice, then, we also investigated the antidepressant and anxiolytic-like activities of the methanol extract of H. tiliaceus flowers using this animal model of postpartum disorder. Ovariectomized rats received daily injections of the vehicle or hormones (estradiol and progesterone) to simulate the 23-day gestational period in the rat. Days 24-27 were considered the ''post-partum'' period, where the methanolic extract of H. tiliaceus or vehicle were administered by gavage. Rats were submitted to forced swimming, elevated plus-maze test and lightdark box tests. Rats submitted to ''post-partum depression model'' increased the immobility time in forced swimming. The methanolic extract of H. tiliaceus administration did not alter the immobility time in the forced swim test. In the light-dark box test, rats submitted to post-partum depression model showed decreases in number of rearing in dark compartment. In conclusion, our data indicate that Wistar rats may be an adequate model postpartum affective disorders, showing ''depressive-like'' symptoms in the forced swim test without any anxiogenic effect. Besides, we could suggest that decrease on number of rearing in the dark compartment may indicate the motivational state.
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SILVA, Kaliny Veiga Pessoa da. "Prospecção de Geraniol synthase (GES) em espécies aromáticas e uso do óleo de kenaf para controle da ramulose no algodoeiro." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2016. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/7179.
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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Cotton stands out as a high value textile plant in the world market due to the quality of its fibers and the commercial derivatives that the plant produces. Ramulose is a disease that causes great damage to this crop, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gossypii South var. cephalosporioides Costa, mainly affects young leaves, the most common symptoms being the darkening and necrosis of leaves and branches, which may compromise the whole development of the plant. Extracts and vegetable oils have been studied as an alternative to control pests and diseases such as ramulose in crops. These have as main constituents the secondary compounds, chemicals known as phytochemicals, terpenoids, alkaloids and glycosides. Among these the geraniol, monoterpene that stands out for its fungicidal property. Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) belongs to the family Malvaceae and is rich in compounds known as polyphenols, alkaloids, tannins and essential oils, also being a promising source of fungicidal oil. This work aimed to analyze the effect of oils and extracts on the development of the fungus C. gossypii, which causes ramulose, by means of two researches: In the first one, we sought to prospect Geraniol synthase, the precursor enzyme of geraniol, in aromatic species, for means of molecular analyzes via PCR and qPCR, besides phytopathological tests, in order to evaluate the geraniol expression and the effectiveness of its extracts and vegetable oils in the prevention and control of ramulose; The second study evaluated the effect of Kenaf oil on the development of fungus C. gossypii under laboratory conditions. In order to carry out the first research eleven aromatic species were evaluated, among them M. pulegium, O. basilicum, O. majorana and R. officinalise, which presented satisfactory levels of expression of this enzyme in the molecular assays, being selected for bioassays in vivo against C. gossypii. O. basilicum, M. pulegium and O. majorana oils, at 2000 ppm concentration, were tested in vivo and their preventive and curative actions compared to commercial fungicide. There was effective control of the oils O. basilicum and M. pulegium under ambient conditions, and M. Polegium was distinguished with D.S.I. around 30%, lower value than that presented by the commercial fungicide (40%). These results indicate that the use of aromatic species can be an effective alternative for the treatment of ramulose, with the advantages of being a low cost method and not presenting risks of environmental contamination. In addition, the genetic characterization of aromatic species is an important source of information to expand the use of natural resources, allowing new materials that hold genes of interest to be found and serve as environmental conservation strategies. In the second study, phytopathological tests were performed on isolate 287 of C. gossypii on the effect of Kenaf oil at concentrations of 25, 50 and 75 μl / 1 ml. It was verified by regression analysis that there was no reduction in the mycelial growth of C. gossypii in the oil concentrations adopted in this work. The data presented by fungus growth, fungistatic effect and spore production did not reveal a statistical difference between the treatment with oil and control. Based on the composition of kenaf oil, rich in fungicidal ingredients, even this oil lacking control over C. gossypii in the present study, it is believed that in higher concentrations this oil may exert an effect on this pathogen.
O algodoeiro destaca-se como uma planta têxtil de alto valor no mercado mundial devido à qualidade de suas fibras e aos derivados comerciais que a planta produz. A ramulose é uma doença que causa grandes danos a esta cultura, causada pelo fungo Colletotrichum gossypii South var. cephalosporioides Costa, afeta principalmente folhas jovens, sendo os sintomas mais comuns o escurecimento e necrose das folhas e ramos, podendo comprometer todo o desenvolvimento da planta. Extratos e óleos vegetais vêm sendo estudados como alternativa para controle de pragas e doenças como a ramulose em lavouras. Estes têm como principais constituintes os compostos secundários, substâncias químicas conhecidas como fitoquímicos, terpenóides, alcalóides e glicosídeos. Dentre estes o geraniol, monoterpeno que destaca-se por sua propriedade fungicida. Já o Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) pertence à família Malvaceae e é rica em compostos conhecidos como polifenóis, alcalóides, taninos e óleos essenciais, também sendo uma promissora fonte de óleo fungicida. Este trabalho buscou analisar o efeito de óleos e extratos sobre o desenvolvimento do fungo C. gossypii, causador da ramulose, por meio de duas pesquisas: Na primeira, buscou-se prospectar a Geraniol synthase, enzima precursora do geraniol, em espécies aromáticas, por meio de análises moleculares via PCR e qPCR, além de testes fitopatológicos, a fim de avaliar a expressão do geraniol e a eficácia de seus extratos e óleos vegetais na prevenção e no controle da ramulose; Na segunda pesquisa avaliou-se o efeito do óleo de Kenaf sobre o desenvolvimento do fungo C. gossypii em condições de laboratório. Para realização da primeira pesquisa onze espécies aromáticas foram avaliadas, entre elas M. pulegium, O. basilicum, O. majorana e R. officinalise, as quais apresentaram níveis satisfatório de expressão desta enzima nos ensaios moleculares, sendo selecionadas para bioensaios em in vivo contra C. gossypii. Os óleos de O. basilicum, M. pulegium e O. majorana, na concentração de 2000 ppm, foram testados in vivo e suas ações preventivas e curativas comparadas com fungicida comercial. Houve controle efetivo dos óleos O. basilicum e M. pulegium em condições ambiente, sendo que M. Polegium destacou-se com D.S.I. em torno de 30%, valor menor do que o apresentado pelo fungicida comercial (40%). Esses resultados denotam que o uso de espécies aromáticas pode se constituir numa alternativa eficaz para o tratamento da ramulose, com as vantagens de ser um método de baixo custo e de não fornecer riscos de contaminação ambiental. Além disso, a caracterização genética de espécies aromáticas é uma importante fonte de informações para ampliar a utilização dos recursos naturais possibilitando que novos materiais detentores de genes de interesse sejam encontrados e sirvam como estratégias de conservação ambiental. Na segunda pesquisa, testes fitopatológicos foram realizados no isolado 287, de C. gossypii, sobre o efeito do óleo de Kenaf em concentrações de 25, 50 e 75 μl/1ml. Verificou-se por análise de regressão que não houve redução no crescimento micelial de C. gossypii nas concentrações de óleo adotadas neste trabalho. Os dados apresentados pelo crescimento de fungos, efeito fungistático e produção de esporos não revelaram diferença estatística entre o tratamento com óleo e controle. Com base na composição do óleo de kenaf, rica em ingredientes fungicida, mesmo este óleo não apresentando controle sobre C. gossypii no presente estudo, acredita-se que em concentrações mais elevadas este óleo possa exercer efeito sobre este patógeno.
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SANTANA, LEGORRETA SERGIO 443157, and LEGORRETA SERGIO SANTANA. "Diseño de partículas a base de inulina de Dalia (Dahlia variabilis Cav.) para la liberación controlada de un extracto de Jamaica (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)." Tesis de maestría, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/67793.
Full textAbstract:
0La dalia (Dahlia coccinea Cav.) es una planta que ha sido cultivada y mejorada genéticamente con fines ornamentales; no obstante, su sistema radicular almacena carbohidratos de reserva bajo la forma de inulina y otros fructanos. La inulina forma parte de la fibra dietética de diversos vegetales y es considerada como un compuesto prebiótico. Este polisacárido se extrae principalmente de la achicoria y la alcachofa mediante métodos de separación muy variados, siendo la raíz de la dalia una opción interesante de explotación industrial. El propósito de este estudio fue proponer un método simple de extracción de inulina de la raíz de dalia y evaluar el efecto del cultivo de dalias silvestres sobre su contenido de inulina, fructanos, fructosa y glucosa. Se realizaron colectas de dalia silvestre y se propuso un método de extracción de inulina. Las semillas de los ejemplares recolectados fueron cultivadas y a las raíces obtenidas se les determinó la concentración de fructanos, inulina, fructosa y glucosa y se estimó el grado de polimerización. La relación tiempo-temperatura afecta significativamente la concentración de inulina y fructanos extraídos, siendo la combinación óptima 80° C durante 60 minutos. La influencia del pH resultó no significativa para este mismo propósito. Por otro lado, el cultivo de las dalias silvestres aumenta significativamente el contenido de inulina y fructanos de sus raíces, aunque el grado de polimerización, estimado a partir de la relación fructosa/glucosa, disminuye. La liberación de polifenoles encapsulados en inulina en una solución isotónica sigue una cinética de primer orden con una constante de velocidad (basada en la absorbancia del medio isotónico) de 0.0148 unidades por minuto y una liberación máxima de 0.4166 unidades de absorbancia que se observaron a las 8 horas de permanencia de las partículas en la solución isotónica.
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Soares, Gustavo Forlani. "Atividade da Paraoxanase 1 em pacientes oncológicos caninos submetidos a terapia com agentes antineoplásicos e avaliação do balanço oxidativo e parâmetros hematopoiéticos de ratas submetidas a Carboplatina e tratadas com extrato aquoso de Triticum aestivum e Hibiscus rosa-sinensis." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2016. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br:8080/handle/prefix/3602.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Os neoplasmas estão entre as afecções de maior importância na medicina humana e veterinária. Entre as diretrizes terapêuticas mais utilizadas está a administração de agentes antineoplásicos como a carboplatina, a qual é eficaz no tratamento de carcinomas, entretanto possui efeitos colaterais, como a mielossupressão e a liberação excessiva de radicais livres. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se avaliar o balanço oxidativo de cães submetidos a quimioterapia, assim como a utilização dos extratos aquosos de Triticum aestivum (trigo) e de Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (HRS) como adjuvante na terapia antineoplásica com carboplatina em modelo murino. Para avaliação do balanço oxidativo em caninos foram selecionados oito cães, quatro com câncer e quatro hígidos, sendo mensurada a atividade da Paraoxanase 1 (PON1) no momento que antecedeu a aplicação do agente antineoplásico (dia 0) e sete dias após a aplicação (dia 7). Foi constatado que no dia zero os pacientes oncológicos caninos (G1) apresentaram menor atividade da PON1 do que os cães do (G2) (p<0,05), além disso, a atividade dessa enzima foi ainda mais comprometida após a administração de fármacos antineoplásicos (p<0,05), sugerindo a necessidade de administração de compostos antioxidantes para esses pacientes. Para avaliar o potencial dos extratos aquosos de trigo e HRS como adjuvantes na terapia antineoplásica, foram utilizadas 48 ratas, aleatoriamente distribuídas em seis grupos: G1 - testemunha tratado com solução fisiológica; G2 - controle tratado com solução fisiológica; G3 - tratado com 100 mg/kg de extrato aquoso de trigo; G4 - tratado com 400 mg/kg de extrato aquoso de trigo; G5 - tratado com 125mg/kg de extrato aquoso de HRS; e G6 - tratado com 250mg/kg de extrato aquoso de HRS. Administrou-se 300 mg/m² de carboplatina por via intraperitoneal no dia 0 nos grupos G2, G3, G4, G5 e G6, enquanto o G1 recebeu 1mL de solução fisiológica pela mesma via. Os animais foram tratados diariamente durante 21 dias por gavagem orogástrica de acordo com seu grupo experimental. Foi coletado sangue dos animais para realização de hemograma e avaliação dos parâmetros bioquímicos alanina aminotransferase, fosfatase alcalina, ureia e creatinina nos dias três, sete e 21, com a avaliação da atividade da Paroxanase 1 no dia três. No dia 21 foi realizada a eutanásia das ratas e coletado aspirados da medula óssea para realização do mielograma e fragmentos do rim e do fígado para análise histológica. Os efeitos adversos da carboplatina foram confirmados pelas alterações observadas no G2 quando comparado ao G1. Foram observados resultados promissores com relação ao balanço oxidativo no G3, G4, G5 e G6, devido aos animais desse grupo apresentarem atividade da PON1 superior ao G2 (p<0,05). Os mesmos grupos apresentaram contagem de leucócitos totais superiores ao G2, sendo significativamente superior no G4, G5 e G6 no dia 21 (p<0,05). Os mielogramas dos animais tratados com extratos vegetais não apresentaram as evidentes alterações de parâmetros que foram observadas no G2 (queda de células eritróides e aumento de neutrófilos segmentados e promielócitos) (p<0,05), indicando uma compensação do efeito da carboplatina. Os parâmetros bioquímicos e histopatológicos avaliados encontravam-se dentro do esperado para espécie em todos os animais. Nas condições deste estudo, os extratos aquosos de trigo e Hibiscus rosa-sinensis mostraram-se seguros nas doses utilizadas e uteis no tratamento da mielossupressão e liberação excessiva de radicais livres induzidas pelo fármaco carboplatina.
Cancer is one of the most important diseases in human and veterinary medicine. Among the most commonly used therapeutic guidelines is the administration of anticancer agents such as carboplatin, which is effective in treating carcinomas, but has side effects such as myelosuppression and excessive release of free radicals. This study proposed to assess the oxidative balance of dogs undergoing chemotherapy, as well as the use of aqueous extracts of wheat and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (HRS) as adjuvants to antineoplastic therapy with carboplatin in rats. To assess the oxidative balance of dogs, eight animals were selected, four cancer patients and four healthy witnesses, and the seric Paraoxanase 1 (PON1) activity was measured before and after the application of antineoplastic agents. Cancer patients were found to exhibit lower activity of PON1 (p<0.05), furthermore, the activity of this enzyme was further compromised after the administration of anticancer drugs (p<0.05). To assess the potential of aqueous extracts of wheat and HRS as adjuvants in antineoplastic therapy, 48 rats were randomly divided into six groups: G1 - witness treated with saline solution; G2 - control treated with saline solution; G3 - treated with 100 mg/kg of wheat aqueous extract; G4 - treated with 400 mg/kg of wheat aqueous extract; G5 - treated with 125mg/kg of HRS aqueous extract; and G6 - treated with 250 mg/kg of HRS aqueous extract. Three hundred mg/m² of carboplatin was administered intraperitoneally on day zero in groups G2, G3, G4, G5 and G6, while the G1 received 1mL of saline. The animals were treated daily for 21 days by orogastric gavage according to their experimental group. Blood samples were collected from animals for CBC, and blood biochemistry on days three, seven, and 21, Paroxanase1 was assessed on day three. On day 21 the animals were euthanaized and bone marrow, kidney, liver tissues were collected. The adverse effects of carboplatin were confirmed by the changes observed in G2 when compared to G1. Promising results were observed with respect to the oxidative balance in G3, G4, G5 and G6. Animals in these groups present activity of the PON 1 higher than the G2 (p <0.05). The same groups had higher counts of total leukocytes than G2, being significantly higher in G4, G5, and G6 on day 21 (p <0.05). The myelograms of animals treated with plant extracts did not show the overt parameter changes that were observed in G2 (reduction of erythroid cells and increased segmented neutrophils and promyelocytes) (p<0.05), indicating a compensation of the effect of carboplatin . Biochemical and histopathological parameters were within the expected range for the species in all animals. In our study, the aqueous extracts of wheat and HRS proved to be safe at the doses used and useful in the treatment of myelosuppression and excessive release of free radicals induced by the drug carboplatin.
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Chen, Hui-Qing, and 陳惠卿. "The study of Hibiscus sabdariffa Extract Microcapsule by Chitosan." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88046219614393312420.
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碩士靜宜大學
化粧品科學系
104
Hibiscus sabdariffa also known as Roselle, it is often used as a plant health. Roselle at different pH environment due to the contents of the different enzymes and showing a different color. Therefore, this study will be of chitosan as the shell material, and Hibiscus sabdariffa extract as a core material, made into chitosan microcapsules. The Hibiscus sabdariffa extract was covered, and may be used in the skin care and cosmetics products. It has a natural pigment and sustained effect. In this study, morphological appearance Roselle microcapsules, particle size, entrapment efficiency, pH value changes, antioxidant capacity, and percutaneous infiltration to be explored. The microscopic morphology and entrapment efficiency calculated that the experimental data results chitosan has been successfully prepared Roselle microcapsules. When the Roselle extract was added in an amount of 35ml, the entrapment efficiency can up to 70 percent. In the microscopic observation that microcapsules showing spherical and having a dark periphery. The dark periphery was the Roselle natural pigment. After chitosan coated Roselle extract, the color can be changed with different pH value. In this study, the pH was adjusted from pH 4 to pH 11, in color will from red turn green and then yellow. Therefore it can be used to adjust pH to change color. And when tripolyphosphate added as a curing agent, that significantly reduced the average particle diameter of the microcapsules. No curing agent microcapsule particle size of about 2.0μm, but after adding the curing agent is less than 1.0μm. It confirmed that chitosan does with sodium tripolyphosphate as cross-linked to form colloidal particles. It becomes smaller particles will more readily penetrate into the skin and be absorbed. Determination by the percutaneous absorption confirmed this result that polysaccharide chitosan microcapsules after curing to increase the efficiency of the percutaneous penetration. The test can enhance the absorption of almost 5 times after 120 minutes. In terms of antioxidant will have a small amount to enhance the effect, there is no phenomenon of recession. Whereby it can be utilized on cosmetic products to enhance the polyphenols contained within Roselle into the skin to reach the antioxidant capacity.
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Huei-Lin and 陳惠玲. "Protective effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa extract against acetaminophen induced liver injury." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64230534615801103589.
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碩士中山醫學大學
生化暨生物科技研究所
95
Acetaminophen (AAP) possessed analgesic and antipyretic properties; but it could induce hepatic necrosis in centrilobular cell. The major cause of hepatic damage was contributed by the reactive intermediate N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI). NAPQI accumulation was due to protein arylation and severe oxidative stress to cause liver injury. It was demonstrated that Hibisus Sabdariffa (HS) potentiated antioxidative effect in previous studies. In this study, we investigated HS extracts against AAP induced liver injury in BABL/c mice. In vivo, BABL/c mice were fed orally with HS polyphenols extract (HPE) (100, 200, 300 mg/kg) or HS aqueous extract (HSE) (200, 400, 600 mg/kg) for two weeks; and then 1000mg/kg of AAP was injected i.p. At 6h after APAP injection, mice were decapitated. In vitro, BABL/c normal liver (BNL) cell was pretreated with AAP 5mM or HPE/HSE (0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1 mg/kg) for 48 hrs. Base on that, we investigated the possible mechanism. The results showed that after AAP administration, pretreatment of HPE (100, 200, 300 mg/kg) or HSE (200, 400, 600 mg/kg) decreased the levels of lipid peroxidation to 63.2%, 70.1%, 83.1% (HPE) or 70.6%, 65.1%, 54.1%(HSE) ；catalase increased to 22%, 24.4%, 16.2% (HPE) or 45.7%, 44.3%, 55.8%(HSE), glutathione increased to 43.4%, 25.2%, 27.9%(HPE) or 41.5%, 45.7%, 54.2%(HSE). In histopathological evaluation of liver, HSE or HPE can decrease AAP induced liver injury. Both in vivo and in vitro, HSE or HPE can decreased the expressions of JNK, iNOS, Bax, Bid. Futhermore in vitro assay, we also found that AAP induced cell injury could be decreased by JNK inhibitor as well as HSE/HPE. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that HPE or HSE can protect liver from AAP induced injury. The protecting mechanism could involve inhibition of (1) JNK1/2 activation coupled with inhibition of Bax/Bid activation; (2) induction of oxidative stress.
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Wan-Yu and 林婉玉. "Chemoinhibitory Effect of Hibiscus anthocyanins Extract on the Metastasis in B16 Melanoma Cells." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14031802534079020523.
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碩士中山醫學大學
生化暨生物科技研究所
98
The character of Roselle is transliterated from English alphabet. Hibiscus sabdariffa Linnaeus or Roselle is a member of Malvaceae family. Roselle is an attractive plant believed to have originated from India, and is widely grown in the tropic, also cultivated in the Sudan and Eastern Taiwan. The main active ingredient in Roselle contained protocatechuic acid, anthocyanins, flavonoids and isoflavones. Cancer metastasis is one of the lethal causes in the late stages of cancer. Many papers indicate that metastasis of cancer cells often invade surrounding normal tissues by local or whole body circulation and lymphatic system to increase the difficulty of treatment. We could not stop the development of cancer; however, trying to block or delay tumor metastasis would be a potential direction of development. This study is observe the effect of anthocyanins isolated from roselle (Hibiscus anthocyanin, HAs) to inhibit tumor metastasis and angiogenesis. First, the use of cell toxicity tests to observe that HAs inhibit B16-F1 cells growth or sensitivity in vitro. From the MTT data, we choice appropriate concentration (0-3 mg/ml) to process CAM analysis. The experiments are demonstrated that HAs could inhibit angiogenesis with the increasing dose, the better inhibition. Additionally, data showed that the inhibition of tumor metastases and tumor growth induced by HAs treatment in a C57BL/6 mice model. The results implied anti-metastatic effect of HAs display in vivo. Takntogether, we suggested that the HAs can promote suppression of tumor metastasis and angiogenesis. Hopefully the preliminary results in this study could be applied in the future health food development.
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Chang-Che and 陳滄澤. "Effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa extract on reduced serum lipid molecular mechanism and cardiovascular protection." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19609668943341630477.
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博士中山醫學大學
生化暨生物科技研究所
94
Hibiscus sabdariffa L., a local soft drink material and medicinal herb, was usually used effectively in native medicines against hypertension, pyrexia and liver disorders. Here in our research found that an extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa contains lot of polyphenolic acids, flavonoids and anthocyanins. In our report, HSE was able to prevent LDL oxidation as evidenced by its inhibition on electrophoresis, ApoB fragmentation, cholesterol degradation, and TBARS of LDL. Taken together, HSE showed a strong potency to inhibit the production of oxidized LDL induced by copper. Furthermore, we examined the effect of HSE on the serum lipids in animal. Firest, we used high fructose (HFD)- or high cholesterol (HCD)- fed rats. HSE specifically reduce the serum triglyceride in the HFD-fed rats and the serum cholesterol in the HCD-fed animals. The level of LDL and the ratio of LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) to HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) were declined by HSE in both models. Then we also designed another animal model to test whether HSE exhibit hypolipidemia and antiatherosclerotic effect in rabbits with experimental atherosclerosis. New ZeaLane White (NZW) rabbits were fed with a normal diet, high cholesterol (1.3%), lard oil (3%) diet (HCD) with or without 0.5 or 1 % HSE for 10 weeks. The level of triglyceride, cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein - cholesterol (LDL-C) were lower in the serum of rabbits fed HCD plus HSE than in the serum of rabbits fed HCD. Feeding HSE (0.5 and 1% in the diet) to rabbits significantly reduced severe atherosclerosis in the aorta. Histopathological examination showed that HSE reduced foam cell formation, inhibited smooth muscle cell migration and calcification in the blood vessel of rabbits. In addition, we used hamster hyperlipidemia model found that, HSE not only reduced serum cholesterol, LDL-C and triglyceride. It can reduced hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride concentration and increase lipase activity in hamster serum and liver tissure. In Hep G2 cell, we found that, HSE can increase antioxidative enzyme expression such as catalase and SOD, suppress FAS espression via PI-3 kinase signaling pathwy, and activated Ras/ERK kinase increase PPAR expression. In mRNA expression, we found that HSE can increase LDL receptor expression and suppress HMG-Co A reductase and SREBP-1c expression. These results suggest that HSE inhibits serum lipids increase via inhibited FAS expression and increase PPAR avtivation and shows an antiatherosclerotic activity.
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Tsz, Jing, and 歐靜慈. "The effects of liquid extract of Hibiscus Sabdariffa Linnaeus and protocatechuic acid in inhibiting apoptosis and migration." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24900980566302105003.
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碩士中山醫學大學
生化暨生物科技研究所
93
In developed countries, atherosclerosis and its complications are becoming a major cause of death. Several studies showed that free radical-mediated oxidation of low density lipoprotein leading to the production of oxidized LDL (OxLDL) is a key event in initiating endothelial cells proliferation and atherosclerosis plaque. Some natural antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E, β-carotene have been revealed clearly to prevent the atherosclersis. As shown in previous studies, we found that the aqueous extract of Hibiscus Sabdariffa ( HSE ) and protocatechuic acid ( PCA ) could be able to inhibit the apoptosis of macrophage induced by OxLDL. In this study, we used the human monocyte, THP-1, to further detect the effects induced by OxLDL, and what kind of role could HSE and PCA play. Using TBAR, migration assay, flow cytometric DNA fluorescence and detecting apoptosis-related proteins, our results showed that increasing the dosage of HSE or PCA could inhibit monocyte apoptosis caused by OxLDL. At the high concentration of HSE and PCA, the concentrations of MDA produced from lipid peroxidation were inhibited up to 91% and 85%; the inhibitory percentage on migration were 70% and 76%; and the level of apoptosis was reduced to 81% and 93%. Taken the above, we concluded that the inhibitory mechanisms of HSE or PCA on atherosclerosis could also be contributed to the other pathway by inhibiting monocyte apoptosis and differentiation.
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Lee, Miao-Jane, and 李妙真. "Studies on the effects and mechanisms of protocatechuic acid and liquid extract of Hibiscus Sabdariffa Linnaeus in inhibiting atherosclerosis." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11138746025545085672.
Full textAbstract:
博士中山醫學大學
生物化學研究所
91
The natural antioxidants, such as Vit E, Vit C and beta-carotene, has been found to possess the ability to avoid LDL oxidation or reduce oxidized LDL (oxLDL) uptaken by macrophage; and furthermore, they were able to prevent the formation of atherosclerosis. In our previous studies, we explored that both protocatechuic acid (PCA) and the aqueous extract of its original plant, Hibiscus Sabdariffa (HSE), showed strong inhibitory effects on the negative charge increasing of protein moiety in oxLDL (lipogel electrophoresis) and on the lipid peroxidation of lipid moiety in oxLDL (TBARS). At present, we further investigate the effects of PCA and HSE on LDL oxidation。We incubated 10 mM CuSO4 and 100 mg protein/ml of LDL at 37℃ for 12 hrs to induce the degradation of cholesterol. When cotreating with various concentrations of PCA or HSE, the results showed that 0.1 mg/ml of HSE recover the degradation of cholesterol by 18.15% and 0.5 mg/ml of HSE by 67.25% compared to native LDL. On the other side, the more concentrated PCA showed more significant recovery of cholesterol degradation. At the concentration of 0.05 mg/ml, the degradation of cholesterol was recovered by 74.96 %. On the investigation of ApoB fragmentation, HSE recovered the fragmentation gradually depending on the increasing concentrations. Moreover than, the ApoB fragmentation recovered almost by 100% at the concentration of 0.5 mg/ml. When cotreating with PCA, the similar situation also occurred. At the concentration of 0.03 and 0.05 mg/ml, ApoB fragmentation was recovered by 100 %. Taken above together, we suggested that PCA or HSE should play an important role on preventing atherosclerosis via inhibiting LDL oxidation. In part I, we found that protocatechuic acid (PCA) and the aqueous extract of Hibiscus Sabdariffa (HSE) possessed the abilities to inhibit LDL oxidation. Because of that, in this study, OxLDL was added to RAW264.7 macrophages to further investigate the effects of PCA or HSE. When treating with 100 mg/ml OxLDL, the cell was induced severe death. Under the demonstrations of Leukostat stain and DNA fragmentation (TUNEL assay), we proved that the cell death was apoptosis. When co-treating with PCA or HSE, the apoptosis was able to reduce in a dose-dependent. At the concentration of 1.0 mM PCA or 0.5 mg/ml, the cell morphology showed almost same as the control. We further detect PARP protein cleavage and Caspase-3 activity to confirm the inhibitory effects of PCA or HSE on macrophage apoptosis. The levels of PARP protein cleavage was able to decrease to 100% by 1.0 mM PCA and 93% by 0.5 mg/ml HSE; and Caspase-3 activity was also inhibited by 74.2% or 72.3% when co-treating with 1.0 mM PCA or 0.5 mg/ml HSE. In migration assay, we found that the inhibitory effect of PCA or HSE attributed to reduce the uptake of OxLDL by macrophage, and some interactions between PCA/HSE and macrophage. Some researchers pointed that the OxLDL-laden macrophages possessed the ability to digest OxLDL. However, when macrophage uptaking too much OxLDL, they would die, and they would not digest OxLDL. Furthermore, the abundant death macrophages could accelerate the formation of fatty streak to process to atheroma. According to these results, we suggested that PCA or HSE was able to protect macrophage from dead when uptaking OxLDL; and that could make macrophage to digest OxLDL and further decelerate atherosclerosis. Under the circumstance, PCA and HSE were able to prevent atherosclerosis. According to the above, we observed the inhibitory effects of HSE and PCA on OxLDL-induced macrophage apoptosis. Based on that, we further investigated the mechanisms here. Firstly, we surveyed the changes of apoptotic proteins, such as mitochondrial proteins, MAPK proteins and P53. When treating with OxLDL in macrophages, the mitochondrial potent lowered to 27.4% compared to control (the group of native LDL). Interestingly, the group co-treating with HSE and PCA in highest concentrations recovered the mitochondrial potent to 100% and 104%. At this moment, the mitochondrial proteins, MAPK proteins and P53 were changed because of the extreme oxidative stress, and more over than, this stress would make cell to trigger to apoptosis. However, co-treated with HSE or PCA (especially the groups in high concentrations) would change the expressions of these proteins and make cell survive. In addition to, we also detected the contents of vitamin E and free radicals existing in cell inside and in media. By the way, either in cell inside or in media, we examined the inhibitory level of OxLDL by co-treating HSE or PCA. We found that high concentrations of HSE and PCA were able to decelerate the level of LDL oxidation, and the inhibitory effects could be contributed by increasing vitamin E and by decreasing the content of free radicals. Taken the above together, these two antioxidants possessed the abilities to reduce oxidative stress in either cell inside or environment (media). These inhibitory effects would slow down the macrophage apoptosis induced by OxLDL. Under the circumstance, HSE and PCA were able to prevent the blood vessel from forming atherosclerotic lesions, and further prevent vascular diseases.
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Chen, Ching-Chun, and 陳靜君. "Hibiscus sabdariffa Polyphenol-rich extract (HPE) via regulate CD44 signal pathway to anti-metastatic effect on human colon cancer." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13398182322361961282.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中山醫學大學
生化暨生物科技研究所
101
In recent years, a natural plant extract an effective ingredient, thereby preventing or inhibiting the occurrence of cancer research has been the current trend. Roselle polyphenols Hibiscus sabdariffa Polyphenol-rich extract (HPE), one of the component in Roselle’s function, our previous studies indicate that HPE can effectively promote apoptosis on gastric cancer and colon cancer cell, the impact on tumor metastasis has not been clarified, so the next one probe into whether HPE inhibit cancer cell metastasis, and to explore the mechanism. We conducted MTT assay, using the DLD-1 colon cancer cells treated with different doses of HPE, observations DLD-1 cell viability, followed by DLD-1 cell as the experimental model, a fine cells induced lethal dose (IC50) of the HPE (1,2,3 mg / ml) for the following experiments. First observation of DLD-1 cells in wound healing experiments, we found that the higher the dose with the addition, DLD-1 cells crawling ability weaker; followed by cell invasion and metastasis experiments by boyden chamber and transwell assay results observed with the addition of the higher dose, DLD-1 cells, invasion and metastasis ability are increasingly inhibited. Zymography we used the experimental observations and related MMP and uPA expression that MMP-2 and uPA activity of HPE in a significant inhibitory effect, and a concentration-dependent manner. In order to clarify the molecular mechanism, we analysis cytoskeletal proteins, adhesion molecules, and the specificity of inhibition of Akt signal pathway to confirmed, HPE via regulating CD44 signaling pathway effectively inhibited DLD-1 colon cancer cell metastasis and invasion effect.
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Chiu, Chun-Tang, and 邱軍棠. "Anti-Cancer Effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa Leaf Extract (HLP and HLE) on Human Melanoma and Human Prostate Cancer Cells." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75635549768317812596.
Full textAbstract:
博士中山醫學大學
生化暨生物科技研究所
103
Hibiscus sabdariffa leaf has been previously shown to possess hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and antioxidant effects, and induce tumor cell apoptosis. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the anticancer activity of Hibiscus sabdariffa leaf polyphenolic extract (HLP) and H. sabdariffa leaf extract (HLE) are poorly understood. The object of the study was to examine the anti-cancer potential of HLP and HLE. First, HLP was exhibited to be rich in epicatechin gallate (ECG) and other polyphenols. Apoptotic and autophagic activities of HLP and ECG were further evaluated by DAPI stain, cell cycle analysis, and acidic vascular organelle (AVO) stain. Our results revealed that both of HLP and ECG induced the caspases cleavages, Bcl-2 family proteins regulation, and Fas/FasL activation in human melanoma A375 cells. In addition, HLP could increase the expressions of autophagy-related proteins autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG5), Beclin1 and light chain 3-II (LC3-II), and induce autophagic cell death in A375 cells. Second, we want to examine the anti-invasive potential of HLE. The results of wound-healing assay and in vitro transwell assay revealed that HLE dose-dependently inhibited the migration and invasion of human prostate cancer LNCaP cells under non-cytotoxic concentrations. Molecular data showed all these influences of HLE might be mediated via inhibition of protein kinase B (PKB, also known as Akt)/NF-kB/MMP-9 cascade pathway. Finally, the inhibitory effect of HLE was proven by its inhibition on the growth of LNCaP cells and the expressions of metastasis-related molecular proteins in vivo. These data indicated that the anti-cancer effect of HLP and HLE. HLP and HLE potentially could be developed as an anti-cancer agent.
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Chiu, Sz-Chi, and 邱思綺. "The studies of the effects of Hibiscus polyphenol extract on the expression of GST isoforms and its cytotoxic effects toward liver cancerous cells in combination with doxorubicin." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27738759772714658096.
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Li, Yu-Lin, and 黎育麟. "Bioactivities and its flavonoid composition of Hibiscus manihot L. extracts." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/a8sjr7.
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Jhe-Hong and 簡哲鴻. "The study of Hibiscus Sabdariffa Linnaeus Extracts on inhibiting Diabetic Ophthalmopathy." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63192452031328979681.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中山醫學大學
生化暨生物科技研究所
96
Diabetic ophthalmopathy is the leading cause of acquired blindness in the world. Diabetes sustained hyperglycemia circumstances, produced abnormal metabolism products to influence eye normal function, besides decreased antioxidant system, and furthermore produced free radical to damage eye. It was demonstrated that Hibisus Sabdariffa potentiated antioxidative effect in previous studies. In this study, we further examined the effect of HSE or HPE on anti-ophthalmopathy. In Sprague-Dawley (SD) Rat experiment, after diabetes induction completed, HSE (100,200 and 300mg/kg), HPE (100,200 and 300 mg/kg) were fed by oral tube for nine weeks to observe the effects on diabetic rats. The results showed that treatment of HSE&HPE (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg) did not restrain the blood glucose. However, 100, 200 and 300mg/kg of HSE increased catalase activity to 13.2%, 10.1%, 13.8% ; and glutathione was increased to 9.2%, 8.2%, 8.4%. In the groups treated with 200 and 300mg/kg of HPE, catalase activity was increased to 4.4%, 3.3%; and glutathione was increased to 28%, 78%. In lens, HSE could decelerate the development of diabetic cataract by empiricism. In histopathological evalution of retina, HSE and HPE decreased diabetes induced retinal injury. We also found that in eye tissues, HSE or HPE cannot affect phosphorylation of Akt, but downregulate phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38 and JNK to reduce apoptosis. In retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell experiment, cell was pretreated with 200 μM of H2O2 accompanied with HSE or HPE (0.5, 1, 2, 3 mg/mL) for 6 hrs. The results showed that HPE could protect RPE cell from H2O2 induced damage . We also found HPE cannot affect phosphorylation of Akt, but downregulate phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) to reduce apoptosis. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that HPE or HSE could have potential benefits in inhibiting diabetes induced ophthalmopathy.
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Lin, Jing-Wei, and 林菁薇. "The study of inhibitory effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa leaf extracts on melanogenesis." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75488353217047069288.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中山醫學大學
營養學研究所
101
Melanogenesis has many important physiological functions, including photo-protection of human skin from UV irradiation. Melanin synthesis is stimulated by α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and cyclic AMP (cAMP) elevating agents. However, abnormal melanogenesis causes hyperpigmentation in the skin, which results in serious aesthetic issues and increases the risk of skin cancer. Previous studies have indicated Hibiscus sabdariffa leaf extract (HLE) has antioxidant and anticancer activities. Therefore, in this study we examined the effect of HLE on melanogenesis and signaling pathways in vitro and in vivo. Results showed that non-cytotoxic doses of HLE and its main composition ellagic acid (EA) reduced α-MSH-induced both tyrosinase activity and melanin production in mouse melanoma B16F0 cells. Western blotting data showed HLE and EA inhibited the expression of tyrosinase and TRP-1 (tyrosinase-related protein 1), cooperative with intracellular cAMP content. Further, HLE also suppressed the nuclear levels of CREB causing the consequent disturbed activation of MITF in α-MSH-stimulated B16F0 cells. The HLE-inhibited α-MSH-induced tyrosinase expression appeared be a consequence of MITF inactivation, because its DNA binding activity was suppressed by HLE. Besides, HLE inhibited melanin production in the dorsal skin of hairless mice exposed to UVB and the molecules involved in the melanogenesis. These findings suggested that HLE might be used as a potential natural whitening agent.
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Shu-Hui and 楊淑慧. "Study of Hibiscus Sabdariffa Linnaeus polyphenols and anthocyanins extracts on anti-inflammation." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24211729240918537352.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中山醫學大學
生化暨生物科技研究所
94
In Taiwan, Hibiscus Sabdariffa Linnaeus (HS), a well-known beverage, was demonstrated to represent antioxidant effect in previous studies. To further exploit the extracts, polyphenols and anthrocynins from HS (HPE and HA), we investigated the anti-inflammatory of effect of target sample in RAW264.7 cell on inflammatory mediators secretions (Nitrite and PGE2). Sequentially, animal model study was also preformed to confirm the anti-inflammatory effect of HPE and HA on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute hepatic inflammation. The results showed that HPE and HA (0.01-0.5mg/ml) reduced the xanthine oxidase activity to 94.6% and 10.5% in the highest concentration in vitro, and also decreased the nitrite and PGE2 secretion in LPS-activated cells. The in vivo assay showed that pretreatment of HPE (10-40 mg/kg) or HA (20-60 mg/kg) for 5 days significantly decreased the levels of AST and ALT induced by LPS. Therefore also evaluate the antioxidant enzyme or antioxidant molecule, such as catalase and glutathione (GSH) and decrease the level of lipid peroxidation in liver. In histopathological evaluation of rat livers, it revealed that HPE and HA reduced the incidence of liver lesion such as inflammatory cell and infiltration induced by LPS. Furthermore, we also found that pretreated with HPE and HA decreased the hepatic protein expressions of COX-2, p-JNK and p-ERK induced by LPS in rats. These results showed that HPE and HA represented anti-inflammatory potential in vitro and in vivo; and they could be developed to nature, non-toxic anti-inflammatory materials.
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Jones, A. N., and John Bridgeman. "A fluorescence-based assessment of the fate of organic matter in water treated using crude/purified Hibiscus seeds as coagulant in drinking water treatment." 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/16528.
Full textAbstract:
YesThis study used fluorescence excitation-emission matrices (EEMs) analysis to investigate the characteristics of natural organic matter (NOM) in treated water using okra crude extract (OCE), sabdariffa crude extract (SCE) and kenaf crude extract (KCE) as coagulants. In addition, an assessment of the impact of purified okra protein (POP), purified sabdariffa protein (PSP) and purified kenaf protein (PKP) was undertaken. The performance evaluation of these coagulants in terms of increase or decrease in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was compared with Peak T fluorescence intensity observed at excitation wavelength 220–230 nm, and emission wavelength 340–360 nm. Fluorescence analysis of water treated with the crude extracts identified the removal of DOC in peaks A and C region whereas the increase in DOC from the protein was predominantly found in peaks T and B region. Furthermore, it was observed that the purified proteins were noted to be capable of reducing the DOC concentration in raw water where all fluorophores were not detected. The application of OCE, SCE and KCE yielded an increase in DOC of 65, 61 and 55% respectively, corresponding to increases of 65, 29 and 54% in peak T fluorescence intensities, at 100 mg/l dose. Furthermore, DOC concentration was reduced by 25, 24 and 18% using POP, PSP and PKP respectively as coagulants with corresponding decreases in fluorescence intensity of 46%, 44 and 36% in POP, PSP and PKP, at a lower dose of 0.1 mg/l. Therefore, it is clear that Peak T fluorescence intensity could be used to characterise organic matter in treated water using natural extracts to assess final water quality.
Financial support given to this research work by the Nigerian Government through the Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETfund/AST &D/2013/2014/CE/02)
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Hui-Min and 尹慧敏. "The study of inhibitory effects of Hibiscus sabdaiffaleaf extracts on prostate cancer in vivo." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39117811252915874201.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中山醫學大學
生化暨生物科技研究所
100
Roselle leaves (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linnaeus leaf) are generally cooked vegetable foods in Southeast Asia. Previous studies have indicated H. sabdariffa L. leaf extract (HLE) has antioxidant and estrogenic-like effects. In this study, investigations were conducted to examine the anticancer activity of HLE, its polyphenolic extracts (HLP) and gossypetin on human prostate cancer LNCaP cells in xenograft tumor studies (in vivo). When the nude mice were injected subcutaneously with LNCaP cells, HLE, HLP and gossypetin resulted in inhibition of tumor incidence, volume and weight. TUNEL assay showed that the HLE, HLP, and gossypetin induced apoptosis in the tumor tissue. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the apoptosis effects of HLE, HLP and gossypetin might be mediated via regulation of Bax/Bcl and activation of caspase-3. In addition, HLE, HLP and gossypetin affected the cell cycle arrest-related proteins (p53, p21 and p27) expressions and caused an increase in the expression of LXRα/ABCA1/flotillin pathway. Finally, HLE, HLP and gossypetin also reduced the expression of VEGF, serum total prostate specific antigen (tPSA) and hemoglobin (Hb). Thus, our data indicate that HLE, HLP and gossypetin could play inducer roles in apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and inhibitior roles in progression of human prostate cancer and might be potential drugs for antitumor therapy. Our findings indicate that Hibiscus leaves could be developed as potent anticancer agents and natural healthy foods for the management of cancer.
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Hung, Ming-Hsien, and 洪明賢. "Evaluation of Antioxidative, Antimicrobial, Anti-inflammatory and Tyrosinase Inhibition Activities of Hibiscus Taiwanensis Extracts." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24431703078937932700.
Full textAbstract:
碩士大葉大學
生物產業科技學系
102
In this study, we used the root, stem and leaf of Hibiscus taiwanensis as the materials. We heated-air dried and extracted them by hot water. Then we conducted anti-oxidative, bacteriostasis, anti-inflammatory and tyrosinase inhibitory tests. Mice macrophage (RAW264.7) and mice melanocyte (B16-F10) were used in this study for anti-inflammatory and tyrosinase inhibitory tests respectively. The anti-oxidative tests included Fe2+ chelating test, DPPH scavenging activity assay, reducing ability assessment, andtotal polyphenols were also determined. Bacteriostasis test included bacteriostatic ability, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and stability test. The result showed that Fe2+ chelating ability and reducing ability got the highest level in the extract of the root and the second in the extract of the leaf. The DPPH scavenging ability and total polyphenol were the highest in the leaf, the second in the root and the lowest in the stem. Bacteriostatic effect was shown in the root, stem and leaf of Hibiscus taiwanensis. They showed the best stability and bacteriostatic effect against Staphylococcus aureus. Extract from all parts of Hibiscus taiwanensis showed anti-inflammatory ability by significantly reducing LPS-induced NO. They all reduced melanin as well, while the stem reduced the most and the root the second. In the aspect of tyrosinase inhibition, the root had the strongest inhibitory effect, the stem was second to the root, and the leaf was the third. In this study, the root, stem and leaf of Hibiscus taiwanensis showed the potential to be applied for cosmetic product development. Keyword: Hibiscus taiwanensis, Anti-oxidative, Antimicrobial, Anti-inflammatory, Tyrosinase inhibition activities
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Ibrahim, Kasimu Ghandi. "Effects of administration of Hibiscus sabdariffa aqueous calyx extracts on neonatal programming of metabolic dysfunction." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/18486.
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Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) is a plant of the Malvaceae family that has anti-obesity, antihypertensive, hypocholesterolaemic, anti-oxidant and anti-cancer properties. Dietary manipulations during the suckling period cause precocious maturation of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Events in early life affect the individual‘s metabolic health in later life. This study investigated the effects of early administration of the aqueous calyx extracts of HS on the growth performance, general health and the GIT of neonatal rats and whether it conferred protection or predisposition to the development of metabolic dysfunction in adolescence. The study was carried out in two phases. The first phase was to determine the effects of HS aqueous calyx extracts on the growth performance, metabolic substrates and the development of the neonatal rat GIT. In the second phase, the effects of the early administration of the HSE on the response of the pups to diet induced metabolic dysfunction were investigated.
In phase one, forty two 4-day old Sprague Dawley pups of both sexes were randomly assigned to three treatment groups. Each group consisted of 7 males and 7 females. The control group received distilled water at 10ml.kg-1 b.w while the other two groups received either a low (50mg.kg-1) or high dose (500mg.kg-1) of the HS aqueous calyx extracts via oral gavage daily for 9 consecutive days. The rats were euthanased and their tissues harvested and analyzed. Pups that were administered with the high dose HSE had significantly heavier small intestines relative to the body mass when compared to those on the low dose HSE (P<0.01) and the control group (p<0.001). Pups in the high dose HSE group had significantly heavier caeca (p<0.05) than those in the low dose HSE group.
In the second phase, eighty five 4-day old Sprague Dawley rat pups were used. They were initially divided randomly into three groups and received similar treatments as in phase one up to postnatal day (PND) 14. There was no intervention from PND14 to PND 21 when the
pups were weaned. The rats in each of the treatment groups were further divided into a control group that continued on their normal rat chow diet and a test group that received high fructose (20% w/v) in their drinking water for 30 days in order to induce metabolic dysfunction. Each of the six study groups had at least 5 male and 5 female rats. The male rats in each of the treatment groups gained more body mass than their corresponding female counterparts in the control and treatment groups (p<0.001). Female rats that received high dose HSE in the neonatal period had significantly greater visceral fat pad (p≤0.05) than the males in the groups. There were no negative effects on the rats‘ general health. At the end of the study, features of metabolic syndrome did not manifest in the control or any of the treatment groups. Hibiscus sabdariffa aqueous calyx extracts did not exhibit any long term effects and therefore may be considered safe for consumption in the neonatal age group.
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Yu-Hsin and 陳宇欣. "The effect of liquid extracts and polyphenol extracts from Hibiscus Sabdariffa Linnaeus on nephropathy and lipid metabolism in STZ-induced diabetic rats." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90456763096390499662.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中山醫學大學
生化暨生物科技研究所
94
The major mortality of diabetes mellitus (DM) was usually caused of the complications, such as the cardiovascular diseases and renal failure. This result could be concluded that under the circumstance of high blood sugar for a long time, abundant free radicals could be produced in diabetes patients; and furthermore, the ability of anti-oxidation could be reduced. The oxidative stress could cause macromolecules oxidative and further damage the organ, such as kidney and cardiovascular system. In this study, streptozotocin (STZ) was administrated to induce SD rats type I DM. After the induction completed, 100mg/kg、400mg/kg Hibiscus sabdariffa extracts (HSE) or 100mg/kg、200mg/kg Hibiscus sabdariffa polyphenols (HPE) were fed by oral tube to observe the effects on DM rats. In serum data, we did not observe the restrain result to the blood glucose. However, either HSE or HPE treated groups, the levels of serum albumin, triglyceride, total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein were improved. In TBARs assay, HSE and HPE also possessed the ability to reduce lipid peroxidation in liver. Additionally, in kidney section, we observed the hydropic change caused of the glucose, it would make the cell damage. When HSE or HPE pretreated, this phenomena was improved. Further, in kidney protein lysate, we found HSE or HPE could protect the kidney via increasing Akt expression to acivate Bad and 14-3-3γ expressions, and regulate the transcription factor NF-κB to promote kidney cell survive. We assumed that via reducing oxidative stress, HSE and HPE possessed the ability to improve the high glucose induced abnormal lipid metabolism and protect kidney damage.
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Chiang, Wei-Ping, and 江偉萍. "A Chinese herbal medicine, Hibiscus syriacus extracts, exhibits anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic activities." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3647q7.
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碩士中國醫藥大學
生物科技學系碩士班
101
Background: Hibiscus syriacus Linn (H.syriacus L), widely distributed in eastern and southern Asia is an ornamental and medicinal plant that has been popularly used as an antipyretic, anthelmintic, and antifungal agent in the Chinese traditional herbal medicine. Previous studies revealed that three naphthalene compounds, syriacusin A-C were isolated from the CHCl3-soluble extract of the root bark of H. syriacus, exerting the inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, hydroxyhibiscone A, a new furanosesquiterpenoid, together with hibiscone D, was isolated from the root bark of H. syriacus could protect against skin wrinkle formation by photodamage via suppression of activity of human neutrophil elastase (HNE) and the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-2. The acetone extract of the root bark of H. syriacus exerts antiproliferative effects on human lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo via induction of apoptosis by activating p53 and apoptosis-induced factor. Recently, the pigment extract from H. syriacus L petals has free radical scavenging activities. The methanol extracts of the root bark of both H. syriacus parent type (malvaceae) and its mutant type (Ggoma) contain antifungal substance, nonanoic acid for treatment of athlete’s foot. However, in addition to the diversity of bioactive constituents isolated from different parts of a medicinal plant, different extraction processes may also produce a variety of active compounds with different concentrations. In this study, we aim to further isolate the bioactive components of H. syriacus L, especially from the stem bark using various solvents with different polarity, investigate their potential anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic effects on a variety of cell types, and elucidate their underlying mechanisms. Method: The stem of H. syriacus was extracted with ethanol, and then followed by consecutive partitioning with n-hexane (HS-Hex), ethyl acetate (HS-EA), n-butanol (HS-BuOH), and H2O (HS- H2O), respectively. The HS-EA extract was purified by Diaion HP20 resin and silica gel column and then analyzed by HPLC. We further identified pure compounds from HS-EA extract using mass spectrometry combined with NMR spectral analysis. Bioactivities of crude extracts and pure constituents were screened for anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation and anti-atherosclerosis in cultured human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Result: As atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the vascular wall, we further investigate its anti-atherosclerotic role in vascular endothelial cells. We have previously demonstrated that LPS aggravates vascular inflammation via induction of PAR2 (protease activated receptor 2) gene expression, activation of ERK pathway, and subsequent expression of pro-inflammatory chemokine, MCP-1 in vascular endothelial cells. Here, we showed that treatment with 2-linoleodistearin (at various concentrations of 1, 3, 5, and 7μg/ml) dose-dependently attenuates ERK phosphorylation and MCP-1 protein level in LPS (0.5μg/ml)-pretreated HUVECs in response to trypsin (5μg/ml) stimulation. Next, we examined the potential inhibitory effects of various extracts and pure compounds on both VSMCs’ proliferation and migration stimulated with angiotensin II (100 nM) using MTT and wound healing assays respectively. The crude extracts (at various concentrations of 10, 30, 50, 70, and 100μg/ml) and pure compound, 2-linoleodistearin (at various dosages of 0.5, 1, 2, and 3μg/ml) suppressed VSMCs’ proliferation and migration in a concentration manner implicating their usage on arterial remodeling and mechanical injury-induced restenosis. Although HS-EA extract revealed weak free radical scavenging ability assessed with flow cytometry in HUVECs exposed to H2O2 treatment, 2-linoleodistearin had non-inhibitory effect on the intracellular ROS levels suggesting its inhibition of LPS-stimulated activation of ERK pathway in HUVECs and suppression of Ang II-induced proliferation and migration of VSMCs were not mediated by the anti-oxidative activity. Additional investigation for the underlying mechanisms is required in the future. Conclusion: The HS-EA extract of the stem of H. syriacus and the pure compound, 2-linoleodistearin isolated from the extract exhibited potent ability of anti-inflammation, anti-atherosclerosis as well as anti-proliferation. These findings may provide therapeutic potential of extracts of H. syriacus for inflammatory bowal disease, atherosclerosis and balloon-injured restenosis of coronary artery disease.
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Hou, Cheng-Han, and 侯呈翰. "The ethanol extracts of Hibiscus taiwanensis Hu indues apoptosis on MCF-7 human breast cancer cell." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25560585102681590025.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中華醫事科技大學
醫學檢驗生物技術系碩士班
103
The breast cancer is the most common malignancy for Taiwan women. Excluding the carcinoma in situ, the relative risk of breast cancer has been climbing higher than cervical cancer, and it’s mortality rate has surpassed the cervical cancer, which becomes a very big threat to women's health. From the medical reports of the West, we learned that effective treatments can be taken so that the cancer mortality rate can be reduced by regular screenings, which is benefical to discover the cancerous in an early stage. There are very few Hibiscus taiwanensi Hu researches, and are mostly about anti-inflammatory and ant-ihyperglycemic. It’s fascinated to know whether Hibiscus taiwanensi Hu treatment is effective on human breast cancer. The cells were treated with of the Hibiscus taiwanensis ethanol extract compared to the cells were treated with of the Hibiscus taiwanensis water extract have significant changes.And MTT assay results display the Hibiscus taiwanensis water extract need to use the larger amounts than the Hibiscus taiwanensis ethanol extract, and so this experiment uses Hibiscus taiwanensis ethanol extract to western blot. Moreover, western blotting assay showed that cytochrome C, Caspase-9, Caspase-3, Caspase-7, PARP signaling protein expression increased with the increasing concentration of Hibiscus taiwanensis ethanol extract. Furthermore, BCL protein expression performance will depend on the amount of increase in the reducing concentration of Hibiscus taiwanensis ethanol extract. Collectively, the mechanism of apoptosis induced by Hibiscus taiwanensis ethanol extract in MCF-7 cells may be partially mediated through induction of Caspase protein expression and inhibition of BCL protein expression.
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Tsai, Hsin-yu, and 蔡欣宇. "Effect of Hibiscus Sabdariffa L. extracts on antioxidative status and anti-aging in senescence accelerated mice." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56935838187814259941.
Full textAbstract:
碩士靜宜大學
食品營養研究所
98
Although the antioxidant and antihypertensive effects of Roselle (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.) was confirmed, its anti-aging mechanism is still indeterminate. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of roselle extracts on learning and memory ability, and antioxidant status in senescence-accelerated mice (SAMP8). Three and six-month-old SAMP8 male and female mice were used in this study. SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into five groups, where each group contained 10 mice, including control group, 3.30 g/kg BW, 6.59 g/kg BW, 13.19 g/kg BW and 32.97 g/kg BW freeze-dried roselle extract powder group. This study period lasted for 12 weeks. Before the experiment , open field activity test was recorded in evaluation for behavior. Besides food intake, the body weight was also measured. One week before scarification, the aging scores were measured, and single-trail passive avoidance test and active shuttle avoidance test were performed independently. The mice were sacrificed to analyze the biochemical parameters of sera. The antioxidant ability and the lipid peroxidation of liver. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the body weight, food intake, and locomotion among each group. The aging score of control groups was significantly higher than experimental groups in 3 and 6-month old mice (p<0.05). Results from ingle-trail passive avoidance test and active shuttle avoidance test showed that experimental groups had significantly better learning memory ability (p<0.05). Activities of antioxidant ability, including SOD, GPx, catalase, and total thiol , in the experimental groups were significantly higher than that of control groups (p<0.05). The MDA and protein carbonyl of liver in the experimental groups were significantly lower than the control groups (p<0.05). Besides, the β-amyloid protein deposition of brain in male and female mice were significantly lower in the experimental groups than control groups (p<0.05) In summary, the supplement of roselle extract may promote the antioxidant defense system, reduce oxidative stress-induced damage,reduce the accumulation of β-amyloid deposition, and improve learning and memory ability. The underlying anti-aging mechanism needs further investigation.
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Lin, Chia-Liang, and 林佳良. "The study of inhibitory effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa leaf polyphenolic extracts on human prostate cancer cell growth." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89321270133090593723.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中山醫學大學
醫學檢驗暨生物技術學系碩士班
101
Many studies have shown that polyphenols prevent and inhibit the growth and metastasis of cancer cells. In previous study, Hibiscus sabdariffa leaf was demonstrated be rich in flavonoid, and possess anti-cancer potential. Recently, the data of our laboratory presented the evidence of H. sabdariffa leaf extract (HLE) as an apoptosis inducer in human prostate cancer LNCaP cells. Therefore, the object of the study was to examine the anticancer properties and molecular mechanisma of H. sabdariffa leaf polyphenolic extract (HLP) on LNCaP cells. Trypan blue assay and BrdU assay showed HLP, its main composition epicatechin gallate (ECG) and β-sitosterol, a plant sterol, inhibit the LNCaP cell growth. Our results revealed that the cells presented DAPI-positive morphology, and had an increase in the distribution of hypodiploid phase after a 48-h treatment with HLP. This effect of HLP in LNCaP cells might be mediated via the death receptor (FasL-mediated caspase-8) and/or partially mitochondria (Bax-mediated caspase-9) pathways. In addition, HLP and β-sitosterol could induce mainly cellular autophagy via PI3K class III/Beclin-1/LC3 signaling. Molecular data showed these influences of HLP might be mediated via apoptosis and autophagy pathways, as demonstrated by the treatment of FasL antagonist (NOK-1) or autophagic inhibitor (3-MA), respectively. Based on the above, HLP induced LNCaP cell apoptosis and autophagy. These results suggested that HLP potentially could be developed as an anti-cancer agent, and may open interesting perspectives to the strategy in human prostate cancer treatment.
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卓玠宏. "Study on the relationships between polyphenols components and antioxidant activities in Hibiscus sabdariffa Linnaeu supercritical carbondioxide fluid extracts." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42088723488179012609.
Full textAbstract:
碩士建國科技大學
機械工程系暨製造科技研究所
99
Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) can provide a benefit of lower temperature and high diffusion ability in nature product extraction process, not only preserved the thermo unstable but also keep the bioactivity of the extracts. Owing to this, we use supercritical carbon dioxide extract the caffeic acid (CA), a kind of polyphenol, from Roselle. Caffeic acid has abilities with antioxidant, radical catching and tyrosinase inhibition. We also use high performance liquid chromatography analysis the components differences between water extraction, alcohol extraction and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. The result show that caffeic acid was complete extracted by water and alcohol extraction, but lower in supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. The components of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction are much simple. Following, we add water and alcohol as the co-solvent to modify the polarity of the supercritical carbon dioxide, and use this modified supercritical carbon dioxide in the caffeic acid extraction with differ critical temperatures, critical pressures and flow rates. In the results of the further analysis by high performance liquid chromatography, the best optimization in modified supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of caffeic acid needs critical pressure at 250 bar, critical temperature at 40℃, Co-solvent 85% ethanol as co-solvent at the flow rate 1.2ml/min. In conclusion, add water and alcohol as co-solvent into supercritical carbon dioxide can optimize the caffeic acid extraction efficiency from Roselle. Actually, add only water into supercritical carbon dioxide will make supercritical unstable and become sub-supercritical. Adding alcohol can provide a better stability when water is a necessary co-solvent to the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. Both adding water and alcohol as co-solvents are the key point of increasing the efficiency of caffeic acid supercritical carbon dioxide extraction from Roselle.
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Lee, Yi-Chuan, and 李宜娟. "Effects of Hibiscus Polyphenolic Acids and Anthocyanin Extracts on the Growth of Human Tumor Cells Harboring Mutant Mitochondrial DNA." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14039548291522158590.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中山醫學大學
生物化學研究所
91
Polyphenols are widely distributed antioxidant agents in plants, and they have antitumor effects. Anthocyanins, one of the biofalvonols, also have strong antioxidant effects. In previous studies, Hibiscus protocatechuic acid (HPCA), a phenolic compound extracted from Hibiscus sabdariffa L., was found to protect rat primary hepatocytes from oxidative damage by scavenging free radicals. HPCA is also able to inhibit tumor promotion in mouse skin. In addition, Hibiscus Anthocyanins (HACs) were also shown to protect rats from tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced hepatic toxicity. In this study, we used Hibiscus polyphenolic acid (HPAs) to evalute the molecular mechanism by which the phenolic extracts and the flavonid extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa inbibit the growth of cancer cells. Moreover the effects of the mutant mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) on the mechanism were also investigated. The results revealed that HPAs have the capacity of scavenging reactive oxygen species. Moreover, they inhibited the growth of cancer cells, even induced cell death. The cells harboring high proportions of the 4977 bp-deleted mtDNA were more sensitive to HPAs, and in a dose- dependent manner. In addition, after treatment of cybrids with HPAs for 24 hrs, the cells were arrested at G2/M phase through a p53- independent pathway. Furthermore, HPAs can respectively activate caspase 8, caspase 9 and caspase 3 in the cybrids haboring only wild-type mtDNA, but the activations of caspase 8 and caspase 3 induced by HPAs were repressed in the cybrids harboring high proportions of the 4977 bp-deleted mtDNA. On the other hand, HACs was also shown to inhibit the growth of cancer cells, but the effects are lower than those of HPAs. Taken together, the results suggest that HPAs and HACs can respectively prevent the growth and activation of the caspases in cancer cells, and that the 4977 bp-deleted mtDNA in cancer cells can affect the mechanism.
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Lu, Shih-Shu, and 呂世樹. "The inhibitory effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa leaf extracts on UVB-induced expressions of matrix metalloproteinases in human dermal fibroblast cells." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81012938051967269644.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中山醫學大學
營養學研究所
101
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is one of the main factors of skin photoaging. Long-term exposure to the UV leads to skin collagen breakdown, and generate wrinkles in the skin. Recently, it has been known that excessive matrix degradation was performed by UVB-induced matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) secreted by fibroblasts cells during photoaging. Hibiscus sabdariffa leaf, the edible part of H. sabdariffa Linne (Malvaceae), is usually ignored and discarded. Previous studies have indicated H. sabdariffa leaf extract has antioxidant and anticancer activities. However, few studies have investigated the anti-UVB activity of H. sabdariffa leaf. In this study, we evaluated the effect of H. sabdariffa leaf water extract (HLE) and its polyphenolic extract (HLP) on MMPs expressions in hairless mice and human dermal fibroblast WS-1 cells exposed to UVB irradiation. In vivo study, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry demonstrated HLE、HLP and ellagic acid (EA) inhibited MMP-1/2/8/9/13 production and increased collagen synthesis in the dorsal skin of hairless mice exposed to UVB, while HLE is more potential. In addition, our in vitro study showed that non-cytotoxic doses of HLE and their main component EA rescued the UVB-regulated the expressions of MMP-1/2/8/9/13 and pro-collagen. The HLE could abolish UVB-induced MMPs expressions appeared be a consequence of activator protein-1 (AP-1) inactivation, because its DNA binding activity was suppressed by HLE. Further, HLE also suppressed the protein levels of p-JNK causing the consequence disturbed activation of AP-1 in UVB-induced WS-1 cell. These findings suggest that HLE inhibited the UVB-induced MMP-1/2/8/9/13 expressions by suppressing AP-1 activation in WS-1 cells. In summary, H. sabdariffa leaf extracts might be used as potential agents for treatment of UV-induced skin photoaging.