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Journal articles on the topic 'High-energy starting events'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Esmaili, Arman, and Kohta Murase. "Constraining high-energy neutrinos from choked-jet supernovae with IceCube high-energy starting events." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2018, no. 12 (2018): 008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2018/12/008.

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Pikounis, Konstantinos, Ekaterini Tzamariudaki, and Christos Markou. "Analysis of High Energy Starting Events with the KM3NeT/ARCA detector." EPJ Web of Conferences 207 (2019): 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920702006.

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KM3NeT is a research infrastructure housing the next generation neutrino detectors in the depths of the Mediterranean Sea. The ARCA detector, which is currently under construction, is optimized for neutrino searches from astrophysical sources as well as measurements of the diffuse high energy astrophysical flux. The unambiguous detection of neutrinos of extraterrestrial origin by IceCube has led to the first measurement of a high energy astrophysical neutrino flux. The cutting-edge technology used for the design and construction of KM3NeT Digital Optical Modules along with the properties of se

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Moharana, Reetanjali, and Soebur Razzaque. "Angular correlation between IceCube high-energy starting events and starburst sources." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2016, no. 12 (2016): 021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2016/12/021.

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Ono, M., A. Ishihara, S. Yoshida, and the IceCube Collaboration. "Identification of extremely-high energy starting neutrino events with the IceCube observatory." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 120, no. 6 (2008): 062029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/120/6/062029.

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Stachurska, Juliana. "IceCube High Energy Starting Events at 7.5 Years - New Measurements of Flux and Flavor." EPJ Web of Conferences 207 (2019): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920702005.

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The IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole, which detects Cherenkov light from charged particles produced in neutrino interactions, firmly established the existence of an astrophysical high-energy neutrino component. Here I present IceCube’s High-Energy Starting Event sample and the new results obtained with a livetime of about 7.5 years. I will focus on the new measurement of the flavor composition performed using this sample. IceCube is directly sensitive to each neutrino flavor via the single cascade, track and double cascade event topologies, the latter being the topology produced

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Tkachev, I. I. "The Puzzle of the Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays." International Journal of Modern Physics A 18, supp01 (2003): 91–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x03016604.

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In early years the cosmic ray studies were ahead of the accelerator research, starting from the discovery of positrons, through muons, to that of pions and strange particles. Today we are facing the situation that the puzzling saga of cosmic rays of the highest energies may again unfold in the discovery of new physics, now beyond the Standard Model; or it may bring to life an "extreme" astrophysics. After a short review of the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin puzzle, I discuss different models which were suggested for its resolution. Are there any hints pointing to the correct model? I argue that the s

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Palladino, Andrea, and Walter Winter. "A multi-component model for observed astrophysical neutrinos." Astronomy & Astrophysics 615 (July 2018): A168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201832731.

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Aims. We investigated the origin of observed astrophysical neutrinos. Methods. We propose a multi-component model for the observed diffuse neutrino flux. The model includes residual atmospheric backgrounds, a Galactic contribution (e.g., from cosmic ray interactions with gas), an extragalactic contribution from pp interactions (e.g., from starburst galaxies), and a hard extragalactic contribution from photo-hadronic interactions at the highest energies (e.g., from tidal disruption events or active galactic nuclei). Results. We demonstrate that this model can address the key problems of astroph

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KLAPDOR-KLEINGROTHAUS, H. V., I. V. KRIVOSHEINA, and I. V. TITKOVA. "THEORETICAL INVESTIGATION OF PULSE SHAPES OF DOUBLE BETA EVENTS IN A 76Ge DETECTOR, THEIR DEPENDENCE ON PARTICLE PHYSICS PARAMETERS, AND THEIR SEPARABILITY FROM BACKGROUND GAMMA EVENTS." Modern Physics Letters A 21, no. 16 (2006): 1257–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732306020524.

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For the first time the expected pulse shapes to be observed for neutrinoless double beta events in a big 76 Ge detector have been calculated starting from their Monte Carlo calculated time history and spatial energy distribution. It is shown that with the spatial resolution of a large size Ge detector for the majority of 0νββ events it is not possible to differentiate between the contributions of different particle physics parameters entering into the 0νββ decay process — in the mass mechanism the effective neutrino mass and the right-handed weak current parameters λ, η. It is shown that on th

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Scrivner, Craig W., and Donald V. Helmberger. "Preliminary work on an early warning and rapid response program for moderate earthquakes." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 85, no. 4 (1995): 1257–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa0850041257.

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Abstract Warning of imminent ground shaking due to a large earthquake would be useful to a variety of agencies. This kind of ground-motion prediction is possible in southern California for events with magnitude less than 6, where path effects dominate. The 28 June 1991 Sierra Madre earthquake is presented as a test case for this concept. A single-station inversion of the record from the Pasadena station 20 km SW of the epicenter produces reasonable source parameters for the event. With these source parameters and a library of Green's functions calculated for an average southern California crus

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Kühn, Michael, and Tim Schöne. "Investigation of the influence of earthquakes on the water level in the geothermal reservoir of Waiwera (New Zealand)." Advances in Geosciences 45 (August 30, 2018): 235–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-45-235-2018.

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Abstract. The water level of the Waiwera geothermal reservoir is mainly governed by the production operations due to a commonly strong pumping signal. However, in the hours and days after the Kaikoura earthquake on 14 November 2016, it increased by more than 0.5 m, indicating that seismic events can have an influence as well. In a continuous time series consisting of monthly means of water level data and pumping rates starting in 1986, we tried to determine if events above a certain strength alter groundwater dynamics at Waiwera in general. We applied an empirical equation and calculated the o

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Krauß, F., K. Deoskar, C. Baxter, et al. "Fermi/LAT counterparts of IceCube neutrinos above 100 TeV." Astronomy & Astrophysics 620 (December 2018): A174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201834183.

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The IceCube Collaboration has published four years of data and the observed neutrino flux is significantly in excess of the expected atmospheric background. Due to the steeply falling atmospheric background spectrum, events at the highest energies are most likely extraterrestrial. In our previous approach we have studied blazars as the possible origin of the High-Energy Starting Events (HESE) neutrino events at PeV energies. In this work we extend our study to include all HESE neutrinos (which does not include IC 170922A) at or above a reconstructed energy of 100 TeV, but below 1 PeV. We study

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Ambrosone, Antonio, Marco Chianese, Damiano F. G. Fiorillo, Antonio Marinelli, Gennaro Miele, and Ofelia Pisanti. "Starburst galaxies strike back: a multi-messenger analysis with Fermi-LAT and IceCube data." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 503, no. 3 (2021): 4032–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab659.

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ABSTRACT Starburst galaxies, which are known as ‘reservoirs’ of high-energy cosmic-rays, can represent an important high-energy neutrino ‘factory’ contributing to the diffuse neutrino flux observed by IceCube. In this paper, we revisit the constraints affecting the neutrino and gamma-ray hadronuclear emissions from this class of astrophysical objects. In particular, we go beyond the standard prototype-based approach leading to a simple power-law neutrino flux, and investigate a more realistic model based on a data-driven blending of spectral indexes, thereby capturing the observed changes in t

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Pierrard, V., and G. Lopez Rosson. "The effects of the big storm events in the first half of 2015 on the radiation belts observed by EPT/PROBA-V." Annales Geophysicae 34, no. 1 (2016): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-34-75-2016.

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Abstract. With the energetic particle telescope (EPT) performing with direct electron and proton discrimination on board the ESA satellite PROBA-V, we analyze the high-resolution measurements of the charged particle radiation environment at an altitude of 820 km for the year 2015. On 17 March 2015, a big geomagnetic storm event injected unusual fluxes up to low radial distances in the radiation belts. EPT electron measurements show a deep dropout at L > 4 starting during the main phase of the storm, associated to the penetration of high energy fluxes at L < 2 completely filling the slot

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Flores, Mizraim, Iván Reyes, Elia Palacios, et al. "Kinetic Analysis of the Thermal Decomposition of a Synthetic Mercury Jarosite." Minerals 9, no. 4 (2019): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9040200.

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Jarosites are widely used in the hydrometallurgical industry of zinc to eliminate iron and other impurities contained in the concentrates. However, these compounds can also incorporate elements of significant environmental concern such as Tl+, Hg2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Cr(VI), and As(V). In this work, the characterization of a synthetic mercury jarosite and its thermal decomposition kinetics are reported. XRD and FTIR analyses confirm that a mercury jarosite—Hg0.40(H3O)0.2]Fe2.71(SO4)2.17(OH)4.79(H2O)0.44—was successfully synthesized. Four mass loss events were observed by thermogravimetric analysis a

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Corbel, Stéphane. "Microquasars: an observational review." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 6, S275 (2010): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921310016054.

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AbstractIn the past decade, several considerable achievements have been reached in the field of Galactic microquasars, especially in light of the extreme variability of their relativistic jets. These jets are now known to exist in at least three different flavours: the self absorbed compact jets in the hard state, the transient and discrete ejection events associated with the state transitions, and the emission associated with the interaction of the jets on the interstellar medium. Although their phenomenology is now starting to be rather well established, their emission and contribution to th

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Serkin, Leonid. "The release of the 13 TeV ATLAS Open Data: using open education resources effectively." EPJ Web of Conferences 245 (2020): 08026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202024508026.

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The ATLAS Collaboration is releasing a new set of proton–proton collision data to the public for educational purposes. The data was collected by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at a centre-of-mass energy √s = 13 TeV during the year 2016 and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 10 fb−1. This dataset is accompanied by simulated events describing several Standard Model processes, as well as hypothetical Beyond Standard Model signal processes. Associated computing tools are provided to make the analysis of the dataset easily accessible. In the following, we summarise the prop

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Portarapillo, Maria, and Almerinda Di Benedetto. "Risk Assessment of the Large-Scale Hydrogen Storage in Salt Caverns." Energies 14, no. 10 (2021): 2856. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14102856.

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Salt caverns are accepted as an ideal solution for high-pressure hydrogen storage. As well as considering the numerous benefits of the realization of underground hydrogen storage (UHS), such as high energy densities, low leakage rates and big storage volumes, risk analysis of UHS is a required step for assessing the suitability of this technology. In this work, a preliminary quantitative risk assessment (QRA) was performed by starting from the worst-case scenario: rupture at the ground of the riser pipe from the salt cavern to the ground. The influence of hydrogen contamination by bacterial me

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18

McCarroll, R., Gerd Masselink, Nieves Valiente, Tim Scott, Erin King, and Daniel Conley. "Wave and Tidal Controls on Embayment Circulation and Headland Bypassing for an Exposed, Macrotidal Site." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 6, no. 3 (2018): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse6030094.

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Headland bypassing is the transport of sediment around rocky headlands by wave and tidal action, associated with high-energy conditions and embayment circulation (e.g., mega-rips). Bypassing may be a key component in the sediment budget of many coastal cells, the quantification of which is required to predict the coastal response to extreme events and future coastal change. Waves, currents, and water levels were measured off the headland of a sandy, exposed, and macrotidal beach in 18-m and 26-m depths for 2 months. The observations were used to validate a Delft3D morphodynamic model, which wa

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19

He, Weiguang, Romain Brossier, Ludovic Métivier, and René-Édouard Plessix. "Land seismic multiparameter full waveform inversion in elastic VTI media by simultaneously interpreting body waves and surface waves with an optimal transport based objective function." Geophysical Journal International 219, no. 3 (2019): 1970–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz414.

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SUMMARY Land seismic multiparameter full waveform inversion in anisotropic media is challenging because of high medium contrasts and surface waves. With a data-residual least-squares objective function, the surface wave energy usually masks the body waves and the gradient of the objective function exhibits high values in the very shallow depths preventing from recovering the deeper part of the earth model parameters. The optimal transport objective function, coupled with a Gaussian time-windowing strategy, allows to overcome this issue by more focusing on phase shifts and by balancing the cont

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Haddon, R. A. W. "Waveform modeling of strong-motion data for the Saguenay earthquake of 25 November 1988." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 82, no. 2 (1992): 720–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa0820020720.

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Abstract The magnitude 6.0 Saguenay earthquake of 25 November 1988, in Quebec, Canada, was one of the largest recorded in eastern North America (ENA) during the past 50 years, and it has provided important high-quality data for estimation of earthquake hazard in ENA. Ground motions for the event recorded by both Eastern Canadian Telemetered, and Strong Motion, Networks were anomalously large and unexpectedly rich in high-frequency energy, as compared with most other events having the same mb or moment magnitudes. Displacement waveforms derived from the eastern Canadian strong-motion accelerati

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Mende, S., V. Angelopoulos, H. U. Frey, et al. "Timing and location of substorm onsets from THEMIS satellite and ground based observations." Annales Geophysicae 27, no. 7 (2009): 2813–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-27-2813-2009.

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Abstract. The unprecedented coverage of the THEMIS GBO station network coupled with high temporal and spatial resolution allowed us to determine the various stages of the global scale developments of the optical aurora at substorm onsets. We identified several steps of the substorm onset auroral phenomena and we suggest that the most rapid development is the starting of the Substorm Poleward Expansion (SPE) and it is most useful for accurate timing of the substorm onset. The physical significance of this step is the start of the large scale substorm energy dissipation in the atmosphere due to

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Fletcher, Tamara L., Patrick T. Moss, and Steven W. Salisbury. "The palaeoenvironment of the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian–Turonian) portion of the Winton Formation, Queensland, Australia." PeerJ 6 (September 7, 2018): e5513. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5513.

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The Winton Formation is increasingly recognised as an important source of information about the Cretaceous of Australia, and, more broadly, the palaeobiogeographic history of eastern Gondwana. With more precise dating and stratigraphic controls starting to provide temporal context to the geological and palaeontological understanding of this formation, it is timely to reassess the palaeoenvironment in which it was deposited. This new understanding helps to further differentiate the upper, most-studied portion of the formation (Cenomanian–Turonian) from the lower portions (Albian–Cenomanian), al

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Kobashi, T., K. Kawamura, K. Goto-Azuma, J. E. Box, C. C. Gao, and T. Nakaegawa. "Causes of Greenland temperature variability over the past 4000 yr: implications for northern hemispheric temperature change." Climate of the Past Discussions 8, no. 5 (2012): 4817–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-8-4817-2012.

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Abstract. A new Greenland temperature record reconstructed from argon and nitrogen isotopes from trapped air in a GISP2 ice core, provides high-resolution (<20 yr) and precise annual average temperature estimates for the past 4000 yr. Due to tight age-controls and abundant paleoclimatic information from the ice core, the temperature record provides an exceptional opportunity to investigate the late Holocene climate in a multi-decadal to millennial time scale. To investigate causes of Greenland temperature variability over the past 4000 yr, we calculated high latitude (70–80° N) temperature

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Arantxa Ruiz, Martínez. "The ATLAS Run-2 Trigger Menu for Higher Luminosities: Design, Performance and Operational Aspects." EPJ Web of Conferences 182 (2018): 02083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818202083.

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The ATLAS experiment aims at recording about 1 kHz of physics collisions, starting with an LHC design bunch crossing rate of 40 MHz. To reduce the massive background rate while maintaining a high selection effciency for rare physics events (such as beyond the Standard Model physics), a two-level trigger system is used. Events are selected based on physics signatures such as the presence of energetic leptons, photons, jets or large missing energy. The trigger system exploits geometrical information on candidate objects, as well as multi-variate methods to carry out the necessary physics filteri

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Nicastro, Luciano, Cristiano Guidorzi, Eliana Palazzi, Luca Zampieri, Massimo Turatto, and Angela Gardini. "Multiwavelength Observations of Fast Radio Bursts." Universe 7, no. 3 (2021): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe7030076.

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The origin and phenomenology of the Fast Radio Burst (FRB) remains unknown despite more than a decade of efforts. Though several models have been proposed to explain the observed data, none is able to explain alone the variety of events so far recorded. The leading models consider magnetars as potential FRB sources. The recent detection of FRBs from the galactic magnetar SGR J1935+2154 seems to support them. Still, emission duration and energetic budget challenge all these models. Like for other classes of objects initially detected in a single band, it appeared clear that any solution to the

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Kozieł, Katarzyna, Juliusz Topolnicki, and Norbert Skoczylas. "The Intensity of Heat Exchange between Rock and Flowing Gas in Terms of Gas-Geodynamic Phenomena." Entropy 23, no. 5 (2021): 556. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23050556.

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Gas-induced geodynamic phenomena can occur during underground mining operations if the porous structure of the rock is filled with gas at high pressure. In such cases, the original compact rock structure disintegrates into grains of small dimensions, which are then transported along the mine working space. Such geodynamic events, particularly outbursts of gas and rock, pose a danger both to the life of miners and to the functioning of the mine infrastructure. These incidents are rare in copper ore mining, but they have recently begun to occur, and have not yet been fully investigated. To ensur

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Holter, Ø., P. Galopeau, A. Roux, et al. "Two satellite study of substorm expansion near geosynchronous orbit." Annales Geophysicae 22, no. 12 (2004): 4299–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-22-4299-2004.

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Abstract. During several time intervals in 1979–1980 the satellites GEOS-2 and SCATHA were situated relatively close on the nightside of the Earth at geosynchronous distances. Several substorm events were identified during these periods. The event considered in this paper was recorded on 22 May 1979, when the satellites were separated by less than 30min in local time around 21:00 LT. The observed 45 to 60 s delay of magnetic signatures observed at the two s/c indicates a westward expansion of ~7.7°/min. At the two s/c, the magnetic signatures are, in particular for the azimuthal magnetic field

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Marchenkova, L. A., and E. V. Makarova. "Oral bisphosphonates as the therapy of choice in patients with moderate risk of fractures." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 7 (May 29, 2020): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2020-7-122-128.

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Nowadays clinicians have access to high-quality diagnostic algorithms to determine the risk of fractures and the need for treatment, as well as the ability to choose the most advanced drug therapy that will be the most suitable, comfortable and safe for the patient with osteoporosis. This algorithm for the selection of therapy is based on an assessment of the fracture risk, which is determined by the presence and severity of low-energy fractures, the level of bone mineral density (BMD), and the 10-year probability of fractures. Patients with a moderate risk of osteoporotic fractures are the mo

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Napoli, Christian, Francesco Bonanno, and Giacomo Capizzi. "An hybrid neuro-wavelet approach for long-term prediction of solar wind." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 6, S274 (2010): 153–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174392131100679x.

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AbstractNowadays the interest for space weather and solar wind forecasting is increasing to become a main relevance problem especially for telecommunication industry, military, and for scientific research. At present the goal for weather forecasting reach the ultimate high ground of the cosmos where the environment can affect the technological instrumentation. Some interests then rise about the correct prediction of space events, like ionized turbulence in the ionosphere or impacts from the energetic particles in the Van Allen belts, then of the intensity and features of the solar wind and mag

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Ostrovskyi, I., and N. Mozhaikina. "EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE OF MODERN REGIONAL POLICY: A MESOECONOMIC APPROACH AND THE PROSPECTS OF UKRAINE." Series: Economic scienceue/view/124 2, no. 155 (2020): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2020-2-155-64-69.

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The European experience of regional development policy is based on three basic principles: systematic, institutional, complementary. Moving away from the dichotomous position of "donor or outsider", "centralization or decentralization" to a broader platform "community-state" allows us to form a kind of theoretical starting position on the development and implementation of a set of state reforms at which a higher level of socio-economic development can be achieved. The methodological basis for studying institutional complementarity for regional development analysis may be the use of mesoeconomi

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Krauß, Felicia, Emily Calamari, Azadeh Keivani, et al. "Multimessenger observations of counterparts to IceCube-190331A." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 497, no. 3 (2020): 2553–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2148.

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ABSTRACT High-energy neutrinos are a promising tool for identifying astrophysical sources of high and ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). Prospects of detecting neutrinos at high energies (≳TeV) from blazars have been boosted after the recent association of IceCube-170922A and TXS 0506+056. We investigate the high-energy neutrino, IceCube-190331A, a high-energy starting event (HESE) with a high likelihood of being astrophysical in origin. We initiated a Swift/XRT and UVOT tiling mosaic of the neutrino localization and followed up with ATCA radio observations, compiling a multiwavelength sp

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Hari, Parameswaran, Todd E. Defor, David H. Vesole, Christopher Bredeson, and Linda J. Burns. "Intermittent Zolendronic Acid (ZA) for the Prevention of Osteoporosis After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HCT)." Blood 120, no. 21 (2012): 1965. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.1965.1965.

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Abstract Abstract 1965 Bone mineral density (BMD) loss, osteoporosis, and avascular necrosis (AVN) of bone are relatively common in long term survivors of HCT with up to one half of recipients suffering post HCT bone loss. We performed a multi center phase II randomized open label trial of intravenous zolendronic acid (ZA) to prevent BMD loss in recipients of allogeneic HCT with pre-existing osteopenia prior to HCT. Methods: Eligible adult (>18 years) patients had baseline pre-transplant osteopenia defined as a T-score < −1 SD and > −2.5 SD (WHO definifition) at either the lumbar (L)

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MINGMEI, XU, and LIU LIANSHOU. "SOME DISCUSSIONS INSPIRED BY THE FLUCTUATION OF SINGLE-EVENT pt DISTRIBUTION." International Journal of Modern Physics E 16, no. 10 (2007): 3323–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301307009294.

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Starting from the assumption that it is the single-event pt distribution, not only the event-wise Mpt , fluctuates E-by-E, we discuss the relation between the variance of Mpt and the two-particle pt correlation. An evaluation of statistical fluctuation is given. For an example, we use an exponential single-event pt distribution to extract E-by-E dynamical fluctuation of single-event pt distribution from experimental data.

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Romanowicz, Barbara, Li-Wei Chen, and Scott W. French. "Accelerating full waveform inversion via source stacking and cross-correlations." Geophysical Journal International 220, no. 1 (2019): 308–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz437.

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SUMMARY Accurate synthetic seismic wavefields can now be computed in 3-D earth models using the spectral element method (SEM), which helps improve resolution in full waveform global tomography. However, computational costs are still a challenge. These costs can be reduced by implementing a source stacking method, in which multiple earthquake sources are simultaneously triggered in only one teleseismic SEM simulation. One drawback of this approach is the perceived loss of resolution at depth, in particular because high-amplitude fundamental mode surface waves dominate the summed waveforms, with

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Ortega, Gabriel, Davide Mariottini, Alessandra Troina, Frederick W. Dahlquist, Francesco Ricci, and Kevin W. Plaxco. "Rational design to control the trade-off between receptor affinity and cooperativity." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 32 (2020): 19136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2006254117.

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Cooperativity enhances the responsiveness of biomolecular receptors to small changes in the concentration of their target ligand, albeit with a concomitant reduction in affinity. The binding midpoint of a two-site receptor with a Hill coefficient of 1.9, for example, must be at least 19 times higher than the dissociation constant of the higher affinity of its two binding sites. This trade-off can be overcome, however, by the extra binding energy provided by the addition of more binding sites, which can be used to achieve highly cooperative receptors that still retain high affinity. Exploring t

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Genco, Filippo, and Ahmed Hassanein. "Particle-in-cell methods in predicting materials behavior during high power deposition." Laser and Particle Beams 32, no. 2 (2014): 217–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026303461400007x.

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AbstractLarge energy fluxes and energy deposition are often found during off normal events in fusion reactors both magnetic and inertial confinement. Great temperature excursions can be found in the plasma facing components materials resulting in melting, evaporation, and expansion of the target material vapor cloud and successive plasma interaction. A general methodology for the computational solution of this very complex problem is proposed in this paper using a novel approach of the Particle-in-Cell method. This novel approach preserves many of the original Particle-in-Cell methodology prop

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Hu, Minzheng, Shengyu Tao, Hongtao Fan, Xinran Li, Yaojie Sun, and Jie Sun. "Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring for Residential Appliances with Ultra-Sparse Sample and Real-Time Computation." Sensors 21, no. 16 (2021): 5366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21165366.

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To achieve the goal of carbon neutrality, the demand for energy saving by the residential sector has witnessed a soaring increase. As a promising paradigm to monitor and manage residential loads, the existing studies on non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) either lack the scalability of real-world cases or pay unaffordable attention to identification accuracy. This paper proposes a high accuracy, ultra-sparse sample, and real-time computation based NILM method for residential appliances. The method includes three steps: event detection, feature extraction and load identification. A wavelet dec

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Márta, Katalin, Anikó N. Szabó, Dániel Pécsi, et al. "High versus low energy administration in the early phase of acute pancreatitis (GOULASH trial): protocol of a multicentre randomised double-blind clinical trial." BMJ Open 7, no. 9 (2017): e015874. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-015874.

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IntroductionAcute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease with no specific treatment. Mitochondrial injury followed by ATP depletion in both acinar and ductal cells is a recently discovered early event in its pathogenesis. Importantly, preclinical research has shown that intracellular ATP delivery restores the physiological function of the cells and protects from cell injury, suggesting that restoration of energy levels in the pancreas is therapeutically beneficial. Despite several high quality experimental observations in this area, no randomised trials have been conducted to date to add

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Estevez-Delgado, Joaquin, Jose Vega Cabrera, Joel Arturo Rodriguez Ceballos, Arthur Cleary-Balderas, and Mauricio Paulin-Fuentes. "An interior solution with perfect fluid." Modern Physics Letters A 35, no. 17 (2020): 2050141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732320501412.

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Starting from the construction of a solution for Einstein’s equations with a perfect fluid for a static spherically symmetric spacetime, we present a model for stars with a compactness rate of [Formula: see text]. The model is physically acceptable, that is to say, its geometry is non-singular and does not have an event horizon, pressure and speed of sound are bounded functions, positive and monotonically decreasing as function of the radial coordinate, also the speed of sound is lower than the speed of light. While it is shown that the adiabatic index [Formula: see text], which guarantees the

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Koch, Benjamin, and Frank Saueressig. "Black holes within asymptotic safety." International Journal of Modern Physics A 29, no. 08 (2014): 1430011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x14300117.

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Black holes are probably among the most fascinating objects populating our universe. Their characteristic features found within general relativity, encompassing space–time singularities, event horizons, and black hole thermodynamics, provide a rich testing ground for quantum gravity ideas. We review the status of black holes within a particular proposal for quantum gravity, Weinberg's asymptotic safety program. Starting from a brief survey of the effective average action and scale setting procedures, an improved quantum picture of the black hole is developed. The Schwarzschild black hole and i

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Orgel, Etan, Celia Framson, Rubi Vazquez, David R. Freyer, and Steven D. Mittelman. "Age but Not Adiposity Predicts Asparaginase-Induced Hepatotoxicity during Induction Therapy for Adolescent and Young Adults with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (2018): 2662. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-110268.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION: Obesity is associated with increased treatment-related toxicity during therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). During induction, hepatotoxicity due to L-asparaginase results in significant morbidity and chemotherapy delays/modifications. While hepatotoxicity is more common in older adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients, it cannot be predicted with high accuracy. Obesity defined by the surrogate marker of body mass index (BMI) has been shown to be a risk factor for hepatotoxicity; however, BMI does not accurately reflect body adiposity during ALL therapy due t

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Partamies, N., K. Kauristie, E. Donovan, E. Spanswick, and K. Liou. "Meso-scale aurora within the expansion phase bulge." Annales Geophysicae 24, no. 8 (2006): 2209–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-24-2209-2006.

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Abstract. We present ground-based optical, riometer and magnetometer recordings together with Polar UVI and GOES magnetic field observations of a substorm that occurred over Canada on 24 November 1997. This event involved a clear optical onset followed by poleward motion of the aurora as a signature of an expanding auroral bulge. During the expansion phase, there were three distinct types of meso-scale (10–1000 km) auroral structures embedded in the bulge: at first a series of equatorward moving auroral arcs, followed by a well-defined spiral pair, and finally north-south directed aurora (a st

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Kim, Do-In. "Complementary Feature Extractions for Event Identification in Power Systems Using Multi-Channel Convolutional Neural Network." Energies 14, no. 15 (2021): 4446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14154446.

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This paper presents an event identification process in complementary feature extractions via convolutional neural network (CNN)-based event classification. The CNN is a suitable deep learning technique for addressing the two-dimensional power system data as it directly derives information from a measurement signal database instead of modeling transient phenomena, where the measured synchrophasor data in the power systems are allocated by time and space domains. The dynamic signatures in phasor measurement unit (PMU) signals are analyzed based on the starting point of the subtransient signals,

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Cayeux, E., A. Ambrus, L. Øy, et al. "Analysis of Torsional Stick-Slip Situations from Recorded Downhole Rotational Speed Measurements." SPE Drilling & Completion 36, no. 03 (2021): 560–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/199678-pa.

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Summary The use of recorded downhole rotational speed measurements with a bandwidth up to 9 Hz gives new insights into the conditions under which stick-slip torsional oscillations occur. Observations made while drilling two reservoir sections have shown that, out of all the stick-slip situations identified, 72% of them for one well and 64% for the other well occurred in off-bottom conditions. In these off-bottom conditions, stick-slip was systematically observed while starting the topdrive (TD) until a sufficiently high TD rotational velocity was requested. For these two sections, off-bottom s

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Tiwari, Dhananjay, Jian Mao, and James Sheng. "Suprasalt model building using full-waveform inversion." Leading Edge 38, no. 3 (2019): 214–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle38030214.1.

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The application of full-waveform inversion (FWI) to bring high resolution to the velocity model is becoming a standard approach in the velocity model-building workflow. Diving wave FWI in conjunction with reflection FWI (RFWI) has been widely used in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) to optimize the suprasalt model. Accuracy of a velocity model from tomography is dependent on residual moveout (RMO) picking accuracy. In a good signal-to-noise ratio area, the confidence of RMO picking is high. But gathers in areas affected by gas exhibit poor event continuity, which makes it difficult to get accurate RMO

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BARKOV, MAXIM V. "CLOSE BINARY PROGENITORS OF HYPERNOVAE." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 08 (January 2012): 209–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194512004618.

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In this paper we propose a new plausible mechanism of supernova explosions specific to close binary systems. The starting point is the common envelope phase in the evolution of a binary consisting of a red super giant and a neutron star. As the neutron star spirals towards the center of its companion it spins up via disk accretion. Depending on the specific angular momentum of gas captured by the neutron star via the Bondi-Hoyle mechanism, it may reach millisecond periods either when it is still inside the common envelope or after it has merged with the companion core. The high accretion rate

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Fritz, Joerg A., Agnese Seminara, Marcus Roper, Anne Pringle, and Michael P. Brenner. "A natural O-ring optimizes the dispersal of fungal spores." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 10, no. 85 (2013): 20130187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2013.0187.

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The forcibly ejected spores of ascomycete fungi must penetrate several millimetres of nearly still air surrounding sporocarps to reach dispersive airflows, and escape is facilitated when a spore is launched with large velocity. To launch, the spores of thousands of species are ejected through an apical ring, a small elastic pore. The startling diversity of apical ring and spore shapes and dimensions make them favoured characters for both species descriptions and the subsequent inference of relationships among species. However, the physical constraints shaping this diversity and the adaptive be

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Vargas, Jesús, and Pilar Paneque. "Challenges for the Integration of Water Resource and Drought-Risk Management in Spain." Sustainability 11, no. 2 (2019): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11020308.

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Droughts are risks characterized by their complexity, uncertainty, and a series of other features, which differentiate them from other natural disasters and affect the strategies designed to manage them. These characteristics highlight the close relationship between drought management and water resources management. The following hypothesis is raised in this study—unsatisfactory integration of a drought-risk and water resources management strategies, increases the vulnerability to drought. To corroborate this hypothesis, the Spanish case was analyzed, where droughts are a recurrent phenomenon,

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AlTammar, Murtadha J., Shivam Agrawal, and Mukul M. Sharma. "Effect of Geological Layer Properties on Hydraulic-Fracture Initiation and Propagation: An Experimental Study." SPE Journal 24, no. 02 (2019): 757–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/184871-pa.

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Summary Hydraulic-fracture initiation and propagation in the presence of multiple layers with different mechanical and flow properties are investigated experimentally using a novel fracturing cell. Mixtures of plaster, clay, and hydrostone are used to cast sheet-like and porous test specimens in layers with different configurations and properties. The layered specimens are hydraulically fractured under varying far-field differential stress. Fracture growth is recorded using a high-resolution digital camera. Key frames are subsequently analyzed using digital image correlation (DIC) to reveal mi

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Sanna, Gianfranco, Silvia Serreli, and Giovanni Maria Biddau. "Policies and Architectures for the Unthinkable Era: New Resilient Landscapes in Fragile Areas of Sardinia." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (2020): 8714. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208714.

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The culture of urban space design is not separate from the uncanny nature of climate change, even though this latter now appears more threatening than the production of risks or new vulnerabilities. Environmental disasters and cities’ high degree of exposure to these risks are well known. What is apparent is the close relationship between these disasters and the urban transformations generated by approaches which, quoting the writer Amitav Gohsh, can be defined as outcomes of the Great Derangement Era. Through our research and design project; we have outlined the need to break free from the un

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