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Journal articles on the topic 'High HOMO polymer'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Wu, Haimei, Baofeng Zhao, Weiping Wang, et al. "Side chain modification: an effective approach to modulate the energy level of benzodithiophene based polymers for high-performance solar cells." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3, no. 35 (2015): 18115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta05096k.

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Over the past few years, it has been proven that deepening the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) levels of conjugated polymers is one of the most successful strategies to develop novel materials for high performance bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells.

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2

Viswanathan, Vinila N., Arun D. Rao, Upendra K. Pandey, Arul Varman Kesavan, and Praveen C. Ramamurthy. "Molecular-level architectural design using benzothiadiazole-based polymers for photovoltaic applications." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 13 (May 10, 2017): 863–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.13.87.

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A series of low band gap, planar conjugated polymers, P1 (PFDTBT), P2 (PFDTDFBT) and P3 (PFDTTBT), based on fluorene and benzothiadiazole, was synthesized. The effect of fluorine substitution and fused aromatic spacers on the optoelectronic and photovoltaic performance was studied. The polymer, derived from dithienylated benzothiodiazole and fluorene, P1, exhibited a highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level at −5.48 eV. Density functional theory (DFT) studies as well as experimental measurements suggested that upon substitution of the acceptor with fluorine, both the HOMO and low

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3

Kato, Noriyuki, Shinya Ikeda, Manabu Hirakawa, and Hiroshi Ito. "Correlation of the Abbe Number, the Refractive Index, and Glass Transition Temperature to the Degree of Polymerization of Norbornane in Polycarbonate Polymers." Polymers 12, no. 11 (2020): 2484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112484.

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The influences of the average degree of polymerization (Dp), which is derived from Mn and terminal end group, on optical and thermal properties of various refractive indexed transparent polymers were investigated. In this study, we selected the alicyclic compound, Dinorbornane dimethanol (DNDM) homo polymer, because it has been used as a representative monomer in low refractive index polymers for its unique properties. DNDM monomer has a stable amorphous phase and reacts like a polymer. Its unique reaction allows continuous investigation from monomer to polymer. For hydroxy end group and pheno

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4

Saito, Masahiko, and Itaru Osaka. "A Thiazolothiazole-Based Semiconducting Polymer with Well-Balanced Hole and Electron Mobilities." Applied Sciences 9, no. 3 (2019): 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9030451.

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We report the synthesis and properties of a new thiazolothiazole (TzTz)-based semiconducting polymer incorporating the dithienothienothiophenebisimide (TBI) unit, named PTzTBI. PTzTBI showed relatively deep HOMO and LUMO energy levels of −5.48 and −3.20 eV, respectively. Although PTzTBI mainly formed face-on backbone orientation unfavorable for transistors, PTzTBI functioned as an ambipolar semiconductor for the first time with TzTz-based polymers, with reasonably high and well-balanced hole (0.02 cm2 V−1 s−1) and electron (0.01 cm2 V−1 s−1) mobilities.

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5

Misin, Vyacheslav M., Irina E. Maltseva, Alexander A. Maltsev, Alexander V. Naumkin, and Mark E. Kazakov. "Anionic Polymerization of Para-Diethynylbenzene: Synthesis of a Strictly Linear Polymer." Polymers 14, no. 5 (2022): 900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14050900.

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Anionic homo- and copolymerization of p-diethynylbenzene in the presence of n-BuLi in polar solvents was carried out. The use of hexamethylphosphortriamide (HMPA) makes it possible to synthesize a completely linear soluble polymer that does not have branching and phenylene fragments. A copolymer of p-diethynylbenzene with diphenyldiacetylene was synthesized. Homo- and copolymers of p-diethynylbenzene have high thermo- and thermo-oxidative stability. By the interaction of side reactive ethynylphenylene groups with various reagents, it is proposed to synthesize clusters along the conducting chai

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6

Wan, Meixiu, Hongbing Zhu, Juan Liu, and Lijun Huo. "Poly(benzo[2,1-b:3,4-b′]dithiophene-alt-isoindigo): a low bandgap polymer showing a high open circuit voltage in polymer solar cells." RSC Advances 5, no. 1 (2015): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra12171f.

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A novel polymer of PBDP-IID was synthesized and its HOMO descends to −5.44 eV. Bulk heterojunction solar cells made from PBDP-IID exhibited a high V<sub>oc</sub> of 0.95 V, which shows the highest value among the PSCs based on the narrow bandgap polymer donors with E<sub>g</sub> < 1.6 eV.

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7

Javan Nikkhah, Sousa, Elsi Turunen, Anneli Lepo, Tapio Ala-Nissila, and Maria Sammalkorpi. "Multicore Assemblies from Three-Component Linear Homo-Copolymer Systems: A Coarse-Grained Modeling Study." Polymers 13, no. 13 (2021): 2193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13132193.

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Multicore polymer micelles and aggregates are assemblies that contain several cores. The dual-length-scale compartmentalized solvophobic–solvophilic molecular environment makes them useful for, e.g., advanced drug delivery, high-precision synthesis platforms, confined catalysis, and sensor device applications. However, designing and regulating polymer systems that self-assemble to such morphologies remains a challenge. Using dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations, we demonstrate how simple, three-component linear polymer systems consisting of free solvophilic and solvophobic homopolym

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8

Honsho, Yoshihito, Akinori Saeki, and Shu Seki. "Effects of Molecular Structure on Intramolecular Charge Carrier Transport in Dithieno [3,2-b: -d] Pyrrole-Based Conjugated Copolymers." International Journal of Spectroscopy 2012 (April 8, 2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/983523.

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Intramolecular mobility of positive charge carriers in conjugated polymer films based on dithieno [2,3-b: -d] pyrrole (DTP) is studied by time-resolved microwave conductivity (TRMC). A series of DTP homopolymer and copolymers combined with phenyl, 2,-biphenyl, thiophene, 2,-bithiophene, and 9,-dioctylfluorene were synthesized by Suzuki-Miyaura and Yamamoto coupling reactions. Polymers containing DTP unit are reported to show high value of hole mobility measured by FET method, and this type of polymers is expected to have stable HOMO orbitals which are important for hole transportation. Among t

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9

Zeng, Guang, Hanming Li, Fang Tan, Yue Xin, and Shengdong Zhang. "A narrow band gap non-fullerene electron acceptor based on a dithieno-3,2-b:2′,3′-dlpyrrole unit for high performance organic solar cells with minimal highest occupied molecular orbital offset." RSC Advances 13, no. 21 (2023): 14703–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3ra01021j.

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A new narrow band gap acceptor based on a dithieno-3,2-b:2',3'-dlpyrrole unit was synthesized. By blending a polymer PBTIBDTT with a small HOMO offset of 0.02 eV, the device gave a high PCE of 11.25% with a relatively high Voc of 0.83 V.

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10

Guarin, Felipe Martinez, Martin Emilio Gonzalez Hernandez, Jhon Danis Puerres Puerres, and Maria Teresa Cortés Montañez. "Síntese e caracterização de filmes de Polipirrol dopados com Tetraquis(4-carboxifenil) porfirina para aplicações fotoelectroquímicas." Brazilian Journal of Development 10, no. 6 (2024): e70839. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv10n6-072.

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Photoelectrochemistry is emerging as a promising technology for harvesting and utilizing solar energy in a wide range of applications. However, electrode materials still need to be improved to achieve optimal performance. Conductive polymers emerge as particularly promising organic compounds for this purpose due to their highly versatile properties. In this study, the galvanostatic synthesis of polypyrrole films co-doped with tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (PPy/TCPP) on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO)-coated glass substrates was performed for the first time. In addition, an evaluation of t

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11

Ibrahim, Shaista, Uzaira Rafique, Mohsin Saleem, et al. "High performance of homo-metallic tetracyanonickelate based coordination polymer towards water oxidation electrocatalysis." Inorganica Chimica Acta 526 (October 2021): 120510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ica.2021.120510.

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12

Manjunatha, M. G., Airody Vasudeva Adhikari, and Pramod Kumar Hegde. "Optical and Electrochemical Properties of a New Donor-Acceptor Type Conjugated Polymer Derived from Thiophene, Carbazole and 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Units." Materials Science Forum 657 (July 2010): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.657.46.

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A new donor-acceptor type poly[3-{5-[3,4-didecyloxy-5-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl}-9-dodecyl-9H-carbazole] (P) has been synthesized starting from thiodiglycolic acid and 9H-carbazole through multistep reactions. The polymer has been synthesized through precursor polyhydrazide route. The weight average molecular weight of the polymer was found to be 7210. The polymer exhibited intense green fluorescence in solid sate. Cyclic voltammetric experiments showed that the polymer has low-lying LUMO (-3.55 eV) and high lying HOMO (-5.77 eV) energy levels due to the presenc

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13

Chroni, Angeliki, and Stergios Pispas. "Nano-Sized Polyelectrolyte Complexes Formed between Poly(vinyl benzyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) and Insulin." Micro 2, no. 2 (2022): 313–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/micro2020020.

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Novel biohybrid homo-polyelectrolyte-based nanocarriers were formed by the complexation of insulin (INS) with a biocompatible and cationic polyelectrolyte, namely, poly(vinyl benzyl trimethylammonium chloride) (PVBTMAC). According to light-scattering techniques, the hydrophilic PVBTMAC homo-polyelectrolyte forms single chains in aqueous media. The resulting biohybrid PVBTMAC/INS nanocarriers were formed via electrostatic co-assembly. The effects of polyelectrolyte structure and content on the characteristics of the formed PVBTMAC/INS complexes were studied. A significant aggregation tendency o

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14

Zhang, Jianfeng, Sheyu Wang, Qida Liu, Zhiyang Liu, Ruixiang Peng, and Ziyi Ge. "HOMO energy level regulation of novel conjugated copolymers for polymer solar cells." New Journal of Chemistry 39, no. 8 (2015): 6548–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nj01105a.

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15

Musov, Khasan V., and Aslanbek F. Tlupov. "Research on the Possibility of Recycling Medical Masks and their Use as Polymer Additives." Key Engineering Materials 899 (September 8, 2021): 434–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.899.434.

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This article studies the recycling of medical masks by the extrusion method. The main mechanical and physicochemical properties of recycled medical masks have been researched. It was revealed that the processed medical masks contain high physical and mechanical properties. The article shows the introduction of recycled masks leading to an increase in the manufacturability of the homo-and a block copolymer of polypropylene. In the case of a block copolymer, an increase in elastic-strength properties is observed. The introduction of recycled masks does not significantly affect the thermophysical

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16

Wang, Wei, Minqiao Ren, Liping Hou, Shuzhang Qu, Xinwei Li, and Zifang Guo. "Polymerization of Allyltrimethylisilane and 4-Methyl-1-Pentene by Using Metallocene Catalysts." Polymers 15, no. 9 (2023): 2038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15092038.

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Polymers of higher olefin, obtained by Ziegler-type polymerization, have been used in some critical fields, e.g., as the membrane for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), which plays an important role in the treatment of patients with severe COVID-19. The polymer obtained by a single-site catalyst, e.g., metallocene catalysts, demonstrated a higher performance. The homo- and co-polymerization of allyltrimethylisilane (ATMS) and 4-methyl-1-pentene (4M1P) were conducted using syndiospecific (cat 1) and isospecific (cat 2) metallocene catalysts. Cat 1 showed low conversions and provided a

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17

Bin, Haijun, Martijn M. Wienk та René A. J. Janssen. "Efficient Solar Cells Based on a Polymer Donor with β-Branching in Trialkylsilyl Side Chains". Organic Materials 03, № 02 (2021): 134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1726427.

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Side-chain engineering is an important strategy in designing novel polymer semiconductor materials for high-efficient organic solar cells. The use of trialkylsilyl side chains can improve the photovoltaic efficiency by decreasing the energy of the HOMO of the polymer and improving its crystallinity and hole mobility. Compared to simple linear derivatives, α-branching in the alkyl groups of trialkylsilyl side chains causes strong aggregation and excessive phase separation in the photoactive layer, leading to poor device performance. β-Branching of the alkyl groups has not yet been used in trial

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18

Qiu, Beibei, Shanshan Chen, Hongneng Li, et al. "A Simple Approach to Prepare Chlorinated Polymer Donors with Low-Lying HOMO Level for High Performance Polymer Solar Cells." Chemistry of Materials 31, no. 17 (2019): 6558–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b05352.

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19

Tien-Binh, Nguyen, Hoang Vinh-Thang, Xiao Yuan Chen, Denis Rodrigue, and Serge Kaliaguine. "Polymer functionalization to enhance interface quality of mixed matrix membranes for high CO2/CH4 gas separation." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3, no. 29 (2015): 15202–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta01597a.

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Hydroxyl-functionalized homo- and co-polyimides 6FDA–(DAM)<sub>x</sub>–(HAB)<sub>y</sub> (with x : y molar ratio of 1 : 0; 2 : 1; 1 : 1; 1 : 2) and two metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), MIL-53(Al) and NH<sub>2</sub>-MIL-53(Al) were synthesized for preparation of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs).

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20

Kagawa, Yuta, Masaya Miyagawa, and Hiromitsu Takaba. "Important Structural Features to Enhance Na-Ionic Conductivity in Single-Ion-Conducting Polymer Electrolytes." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 3 (2024): 349. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-023349mtgabs.

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Polymeric solid electrolytes (SPEs) have excellent properties such as high safety and long life and are expected to be put to practical use as next-generation all-solid-state lithium secondary battery electrolyte. Single ion-conducting polymer electrolytes (SICPEs) are one of SPEs and have a structure in which the anion is covalently bonded to the polymer. They therefore have the advantage of high cation transference number, and a long lifetime because ionic polarization is less likely to occur. However, as the ionic conductivity is comparable to that of conventional SPE, it is necessary to cl

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21

Shi, Qinqin, Haijun Fan, Yao Liu, et al. "Thiazolothiazole-containing polythiophenes with low HOMO level and high hole mobility for polymer solar cells." Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 49, no. 22 (2011): 4875–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.24938.

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22

Sims, G. L. A., and C. Khunniteekool. "Compression Moulded Ethylene Homo and Copolymer Foams II. Effect of Processing Conditions and Crystallinity on Cell Structure Development." Cellular Polymers 15, no. 1 (1996): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0262489319961501002.

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Crosslinked polyethylene and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer foams were produced by single stage and two-stage heat and chill compression moulding techniques. At a fixed blowing agent concentration, crosslinking agent concentrations were adjusted to give similar gel contents independent of base polymer. Relative densities of fully expanded foams produced by either the single stage or heat and chill process did not show significant variation. However, relative densities of partially expanded material after the first stage of the heat and chill process showed a considerable decrease at higher v

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23

Wang, Di, Ren Zhang, Jin Liu, et al. "Synthesis and Characterization of a One-Dimensional Malleable Spin-Crossover Polymer Complex Modified by Methoxy Polyethylene Glycol." Polymers 15, no. 10 (2023): 2363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15102363.

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A novel one-dimensional malleable spin-crossover (SCO) complex {[Fe(MPEG-trz)3](BF4)2} has been successfully synthesized by molecular self-assembly between 4-amino-1,2,4-triazoles (MPEG-trz) grafted with a long flexible chain methoxy polyethylene glycol (MPEG) and metallic complex Fe(BF4)2•6H2O. The detailed structure information was illustrated by using FT-IR and 1H NMR measurements, while the physical behaviors of the malleable SCO complexes were systematically investigated by using magnetic susceptibility measurements using superconductivity quantum interference device (SQUID) and different

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24

Andrikopoulos, Konstantinos, Charalampos Anastasopoulos, Joannis K. Kallitsis, and Aikaterini K. Andreopoulou. "Bis-Tridendate Ir(III) Polymer-Metallocomplexes: Hybrid, Main-Chain Polymer Phosphors for Orange–Red Light Emission." Polymers 12, no. 12 (2020): 2976. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12122976.

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In this work, hybrid polymeric bis-tridentate iridium(III) complexes bearing derivatives of terpyridine (tpy) and 2,6-di(phenyl) pyridine as ligands were successfully synthesized and evaluated as red-light emitters. At first, the synthesis of small molecular bis-tridendate Ir(III) complexes bearing alkoxy-, methyl-, or hydroxy-functionalized terpyridines and a dihydroxyphenyl-pyridine moiety was accomplished. Molecular complexes bearing two polymerizable end-hydroxyl groups and methyl- or alkoxy-decorated terpyridines were copolymerized with difluorodiphenyl-sulphone under high temperature pol

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25

Kang, Rakwon, Sujung Park, Yun Kyung Jung, et al. "High-Efficiency Polymer Homo-Tandem Solar Cells with Carbon Quantum-Dot-Doped Tunnel Junction Intermediate Layer." Advanced Energy Materials 8, no. 10 (2018): 1702165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201702165.

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26

Gedefaw, Desta, Marta Tessarolo, Margherita Bolognesi, et al. "Synthesis and characterization of benzodithiophene and benzotriazole-based polymers for photovoltaic applications." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 12 (August 1, 2016): 1629–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.12.160.

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Two high bandgap benzodithiophene–benzotriazole-based polymers were synthesized via palladium-catalysed Stille coupling reaction. In order to compare the effect of the side chains on the opto-electronic and photovoltaic properties of the resulting polymers, the benzodithiophene monomers were substituted with either octylthienyl (PTzBDT-1) or dihexylthienyl (PTzBDT-2) as side groups, while the benzotriazole unit was maintained unaltered. The optical characterization, both in solution and thin-film, indicated that PTzBDT-1 has a red-shifted optical absorption compared to PTzBDT-2, likely due to

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27

Wang, Hui, Jeong-Tak Ryu, Chao Cao, and Younghwan Kwon. "Synthesis of Carbazole-Based Polymers with 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Pendant Group and Their Application in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, no. 9 (2008): 4846–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.ic31.

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Structurally well-defined copolymers with high solubility were prepared via palladium-catalyzed polycondensation of N-(2-ethylhexyl)-3,6-dibromocarbazole with 2-aryl-5-(4-aminophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (aryl = phenyl, p-methylphenyl, p-methoxyphenyl). Copolymers consisted of alkylcarbazole groups in the main chain and 1,3,4-oxadiazole pendants in the side chain. The influence of their aryl substituents on physical, optical, band gaps and electroluminescent characteristics of the copolymers was investigated. Both UV-Visible absorption and photoluminescence emission peaks of the copolymers were s

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28

Yue, Xin, Jinsheng Zhao, and Lingqian Kong. "High performance electrode material for Li-organic battery based on quinoxalin-thiophene conjugated polymer/carbon powder composite." High Performance Polymers 34, no. 4 (2022): 422–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09540083211064972.

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In this work, thiophene derivatives were selected as donor units and pyrazine derivatives as receptor units to synthesize two composite materials consisting of supercapacitor carbon (SC) loaded with poly [2,3-bis (2-pyridinyl)-5,8-bis (2-thiophenyl) quinoxaline] (PPTQ) or poly [2,3-bis (2-pyridinyl)-5,8-bis (2-(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) quinoxaline] (PPETQ) by cationic radical polymerization. First, chemical bonds structure, surface morphology, and element valence states of these materials were characterized by infrared (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and XPS in turn. CV curves were

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29

Tsegaye, Tadesse. "Application of Conjugated Organic Polymers for Photovoltaic's: Review." Journal of Physical Chemistry & Biophysics 8, no. 1 (2018): 01–06. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14848218.

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Photovoltaic effect is the emergence of a voltage between electrodes attached to a solid or liquid system up on shining light on to this system. Conjugated polymer is a molecular entity whose structure is represented as a system of alternating single and double bonds which give rise to their semi-conductor properties. Conjugated polymers are used for photovoltaic devices because, intrinsically stable up on photoexcitation with visible light, High absorption cross-section for photon harvesting, Tunable band gap with in the entire visible spectral range and High yield of charge generation when m

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Wang, Zhi Ming, Ling Ling Ma, and Xiao Juan Zhang. "Preparation and Characterization of Novel Polyfluorenes Derivatives Containing Phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazole Group for Deep Blue-Light-Emitting Polymers." Advanced Materials Research 710 (June 2013): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.710.17.

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A series of novel polyfluorenes derivatives containing different ratio of phenanthro -[9,10-imidazole (PI) group on backbone are designed, synthesized and well characterized. Comparing with the class blue polymer PF, they all exhibit deep blue emission in solution and film with high PL efficiency, and show better film forming ability because of the insert of bulky substituent on PI unit by the AFM measurement. The CV results of all compounds deliver balanced carriers injection ability, and the decreased LUMO levels and improved HOMO levels are observed, which is befit of the preparation of hig

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Prystay, M. C., and J. F. Power. "Thermophysical Measurements and Interfacial Adhesion Studies in Ultrathin Polymer Films Using Homodyne Photothermal Spectrometry." Applied Spectroscopy 47, no. 4 (1993): 501–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702934334886.

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Homodyne laser photopyroelectric spectrometry (PPES) is a new photothermal detection scheme which uses electronic mixing to downshift a high-frequency swept wave photothermal response into a bandwidth of approximately one kilohertz. A rapid photopyroelectric impulse response is recovered from the downshifted component at high time resolution and is used, here, in two different geometries, to probe the thermal and interfacial properties of assemblies composed of submicron-thick-ness polymer films deposited on the metallized surface of a pyroelectric thin-film detector. In the thermal transmissi

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32

Yan, Shi, Long Feng Lv, and Yan Bing Hou. "Influence of Annealing of PCDTBT:PC₇₀BM on the Performance of Polymer Solar Cells." Applied Mechanics and Materials 748 (April 2015): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.748.45.

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Bulk-heterojunction polymer solar cells (BHJ-PSCs) have attracted considerable attention because of their unique advantages of lightweight, low cost, mechanical flexibility and suitable for large-area fabrication [1–3]. In the last decades, much attention has been paid to the donor and acceptor system P3HT:PCBM, However, because of the relatively large bandgap of P3HT (∼1.9 eV) and the relatively small energy difference between the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of PCBM and the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of P3HT, the photovoltaic performance of the PSCs based on P3HT

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33

Tian, Taili, Bo Zhao, Yimin Wang, Shifan Huang, Xiangcheng Ju, and Yuyan Fan. "First-Principles Study on Interfacial Triboelectrification Between Water and Halogen-Functionalized Polymer Surfaces." Lubricants 13, no. 7 (2025): 303. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants13070303.

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Contact electrification (CE), or triboelectrification, is an electron transfer phenomenon occurring at the interface between dissimilar materials due to differences in polarity, holding significant research value in tribology. The microscopic mechanisms of CE remain unclear due to the complex coupling of multiple physical processes. Recently, with the rise of triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) technology, solid–liquid contact electrification has demonstrated vast application potential, sparking considerable interest in its underlying mechanisms. Emerging experimental evidence indicates that at

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Bathula, Chinna, Alfred Appiagyei, Hemraj Yadav, et al. "Facile Synthesis of Triphenylamine Based Hyperbranched Polymer for Organic Field Effect Transistors." Nanomaterials 9, no. 12 (2019): 1787. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9121787.

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In this study, we reported the synthesis and characterization of a novel hyperbranched polymer (HBPs) tris[(4-phenyl)amino-alt-4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-b;4,5-b’]dithiophene] (PTPABDT) composed of benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene (BDT) and triphenyleamine (TPA) constituent subunits by A3 + B2 type Stille’s reaction. An estimated optical band gap of 1.69 eV with HOMO and LUMO levels of −5.29 eV and −3.60 eV, respectively, as well as a high thermal stability up to 398 °C were characterized for the synthesized polymer. PTPABDT fabricated as an encapsulated top gate/bottom cont

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35

Zhang, Maojie, Xia Guo, Yang Yang, Jing Zhang, Zhi-Guo Zhang, and Yongfang Li. "Downwards tuning the HOMO level of polythiophene by carboxylate substitution for high open-circuit-voltage polymer solar cells." Polymer Chemistry 2, no. 12 (2011): 2900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1py00327e.

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Contreras Ramírez, Jesús Miguel. "MACROMONÓMEROS: SÍNTESIS Y APLICACIONES." Revista Bases de la Ciencia. e-ISSN 2588-0764 5, no. 1 (2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33936/rev_bas_de_la_ciencia.v5i1.1904.

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 Los macromonómeros son ampliamente usados en la síntesis de polímeros ramificados mediante homo y/o copolimerización. Los macromonómeros se utilizan de forma muy exitosa en las polimerizaciones heterogéneas para la obtención de partículas poliméricas usadas como sistemas de liberación controlada de fármacos con alta aplicabilidad en el campo biomédico. Esta revisión presenta diferentes métodos de síntesis de macromonómeros con dobles enlaces como función polimerizable. Además, se hace referencia al uso de los macromonómeros en la obtención de polímeros que poseen arquitecturas definidas

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Pasaribu, Marvin, Mokhamat Ariefin, Sun Theo Constan Lotebulo Ndruru, Ferdinand Hidayat, and Multazam. "DFT-Based Molecular Analysis of Imidazole Derivatives as Additives to Enhance Ionic Conductivity in Polymer Electrolyte Membranes." CHEESA: Chemical Engineering Research Articles 8, no. 1 (2025): 13–22. https://doi.org/10.25273/cheesa.v8i1.22136.13-22.

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The demand for efficient and stable lithium-ion batteries has driven research on advanced polymer electrolyte membranes (PEM) with improved ionic conductivity. This study investigated imidazole and its derivatives as additives in PEM to enhance battery performance. Using Density Functional Theory (DFT) with the def2-TZVP basis set, key quantum parameters such as HOMO-LUMO energies, energy gap (ΔEgap), electronegativity (χ), softness (σ), electron transfer fraction (ΔN), and net electrophilicity (Δω) were analyzed. Results showed that imidazole derivatives with electron-withdrawing groups, like

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Sun, Jiangman, Yongxiang Zhu, Xiaofeng Xu, et al. "4,5-Ethylene-2,7-Carbazole-Based Medium-Bandgap Conjugated Polymers with Low-Lying HOMO Levels Toward Efficient Polymer Solar Cells with High Open-Circuit Voltage." Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 215, no. 11 (2014): 1052–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.201400001.

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Richards, James C., Malcolm B. Perry, and Peter J. Kniskern. "Structural analysis of the specific capsular polysaccharide of Streptococcuspneumoniae type 22F." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 67, no. 6 (1989): 1038–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v89-158.

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The structure of the specific capsular polysaccharide produced by Streptococcuspneumoniae type 22F (American type 22) was investigated by high-field 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, composition, methylation analysis, and periodate oxidation studies. The polysaccharide was found to be a high molecular weight acidic polymer composed of D-glucose, D-galactose, D-glucuronic acid, and L-rhamnose residues to form a regular repeating hexasaccharide unit having the structure[Formula: see text]in which the β-L-rhamnopyranosyl residues were substituted by O-acetyl groups in 80% of the

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Leitch, Robert A., and James C. Richards. "Structural analysis of the specific capsular polysaccharide of Rhodococcus equi serotype." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 68, no. 4 (1990): 778–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o90-112.

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The specific capsular polysaccharide produced by Rhodococcus equi serotype 1 was found to be a high molecular weight acidic polymer composed of D-glucose, D-mannose, and D-glucuronic acid. Structural analysis of the polysaccharide employed a combination of chemical and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques, from which it was determined that the polysaccharide possessed a linear repeating tetrasaccharide unit containing a single O-acetyl substituent and an acetal-linked pyruvic acid moiety:[Formula: see text]The 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonances of O-deacetylated and pyruvic-free serotype

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Dadashi, Jaber, Younes Hanifehpour, Babak Mirtamizdoust, et al. "Ultrasound-Assisted Synthesis and DFT Calculations of the Novel 1D Pb (II) Coordination Polymer with Thiosemicarbazone Derivative Ligand and Its Use for Preparation of PbO Clusters." Crystals 11, no. 6 (2021): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11060682.

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In the present work, using a sonochemical method, a new lead (II) coordination 1D polymer, [Pb(L)2(CH3COO)]n (L = pyridine-4-carbaldehyde thiosemicarbazone) (1) was prepared. It was characterized structurally with different spectroscopic methods, such as SEM, IR spectroscopy, XRD, and elemental analysis. The coordination compound becomes a stair-step one-dimensional polymer in solid mode. The lead (II) ions have the coordination number of six (PbNS3O2) with two oxygen atoms from acetate anion and three sulfur atoms and one nitrogen atom from organic ligand. It contains a stereo-chemically acti

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Lee, Seung-Won, Hae-Jong Kim, Ik-Su Kwon, and Jang-Seob Lim. "Evaluation of Electrical Performance and Life Estimation of PPs for HVDC Power Cable." Energies 14, no. 18 (2021): 5673. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14185673.

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Demand and need for the application of high voltage direct current (HVDC) are increasing because of high capacity and long-distance transmission. Research on polypropylene (PP) that can increase the operation temperature compared to existing insulation is constantly being considered. This study aimed to evaluate the electrical performance and estimate the life of HVDC application of PP. In this study, a DC V-t characteristic tests were conducted on three types of PP sheets at a temperature of 110 °C. In addition, a life estimation formula based on the electrical stress was derived and the elec

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Gopalan, Padma, Stephanie Oliveras Santos, Songying (Frederick) Li, and Michael Scott Arnold. "(Invited) Designer Polymer Dispersants for Sorting, and Assembly of Carbon Nanotube Arrays." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 10 (2023): 1212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-01101212mtgabs.

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Conjugated polymers have been extensively utilized to isolate semiconducting single walled carbon nanotubes (s-CNTs) in organic solvents creating a high-purity s-CNT “ink”. To overcome inter-CNT π–π interactions to individualize and disaggregate s-CNTs, typically dispersing agents are necessary. Solution deposition of s-CNTs from these inks onto target substrates to create a monolayer of CNT arrays is actively being explored to fabricate FETs with superior performance compared to conventional silicon and gallium arsenide-based FETs. A wide range of deposition and alignment of s-CNTs on substra

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Kim, Kwangmin, and BongSoo Kim. "Rhodanine-Based Non-Fullerene Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells with a High Open-Circuit Voltage of 1.07 V." Journal of Flexible and Printed Electronics 2, no. 1 (2023): 119–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.56767/jfpe.2023.2.1.119.

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To overcome the intrinsic limitations of fullerene-based organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices, research on OPV devices based on non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) has been actively conducted in recent years. It is important to understand the relationship between the structure of the NFAs and photovoltaic properties to create high-performance OPV devices. In this study, we have designed and synthesized a series of NFAs (DFDO-RC2 and DFDE-RC2) based on electron-rich dithienosilole (D) and electron-deficient difluorobenzodiathiazole (F), benzodiathiazole-connected 3-ethylrhodanine (RC2) units, and alky

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Yooyod, Maytinee, Sukunya Ross, Premchirakorn Phewchan, et al. "Homo- and Copolymer Hydrogels Based on N-Vinylformamide: An Investigation of the Impact of Water Structure on Controlled Release." Gels 9, no. 4 (2023): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9040333.

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This study investigated the performance of novel hydrogels based on poly (N-vinylformamide) (PNVF), copolymers of NVF with N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide (HEA) (P(NVF-co-HEA)), and 2-carboxyethyl acrylate (CEA) (P(NVF-co-CEA)), which were synthesized by photopolymerization using a UVLED light source. The hydrogels were analyzed for important properties such as equilibrium water content (%EWC), contact angle, freezing and non-freezing water, and diffusion-based in vitro release. The results showed that PNVF had an extremely high %EWC of 94.57%, while a decreasing NVF content in the copolymer hydroge

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Sun, Jiangman, Yongxiang Zhu, Xiaofeng Xu, et al. "High Efficiency and High Voc Inverted Polymer Solar Cells Based on a Low-Lying HOMO Polycarbazole Donor and a Hydrophilic Polycarbazole Interlayer on ITO Cathode." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 116, no. 27 (2012): 14188–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp3009546.

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Lai, Yuyan, Xiaofeng He, Binghui Xue, et al. "Modulating Ligand Exchange Dynamics on Metal‐Organic Polyhedra for Reversible Sorting and Hybridization of Miktoarm Star Polymers." Angewandte Chemie International Edition, September 4, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.202311954.

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The precise synthesis of miktoarm star polymers (MSPs) remains one of the great challenges in synthetic chemistry due to the difficulty in locating appropriate structural templates and polymer grafting/growing strategies with high selectivity and efficiency. Herein, ~ 2 nm metal‐organic polyhedra (MOPs), constructed from the coordination of isophthalic acid (IPA) and Cu2+, are applied as templates for the precise synthesis of 24‐arm MSPs for their unique logarithmic ligand exchange dynamics. Six different polymers are prepared with IPA as an end group and they further coordinated with Cu2+ to

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Lai, Yuyan, Xiaofeng He, Binghui Xue, et al. "Modulating Ligand Exchange Dynamics on Metal‐Organic Polyhedra for Reversible Sorting and Hybridization of Miktoarm Star Polymers." Angewandte Chemie, September 4, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.202311954.

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The precise synthesis of miktoarm star polymers (MSPs) remains one of the great challenges in synthetic chemistry due to the difficulty in locating appropriate structural templates and polymer grafting/growing strategies with high selectivity and efficiency. Herein, ~ 2 nm metal‐organic polyhedra (MOPs), constructed from the coordination of isophthalic acid (IPA) and Cu2+, are applied as templates for the precise synthesis of 24‐arm MSPs for their unique logarithmic ligand exchange dynamics. Six different polymers are prepared with IPA as an end group and they further coordinated with Cu2+ to

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Arya, Ramesh Kumar, and Abhishek Kumar Gupta. "Structural, electronic, and thermal studies of Poly(ethylene oxide) based solid-state polymer electrolyte." International Journal of Materials Research, April 26, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-2021-8689.

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Abstract All-solid-state polymer electrolytes have grown in significance for next-generation energy storage devices because of their high energy endurance, safety, and flexibility. Electrolytes made of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) have received a lot of interest because they can dissolve a wide range of ionic salts. We have observed the effects of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salts on the structural, electronic, and thermal properties of solid-state polymer electrolyte systems incorporating PEO using methods based on density functional theory. The highest occupied molecular orbital

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Li, Dongyan, Huijuan Wang, Jinming Chen, and Qinghe Wu. "Fluorinated Polymer Donors for Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells." Chemistry – A European Journal, November 29, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.202303155.

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The rapid development of narrow‐bandgap non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs) has boosted the efficiency of organic solar cells over 19%. The new features of high‐performance NFAs, such as visible‐NIR light absorption, moderate HOMO, and high crystallinity, require polymer donors with matching physical properties. This emphasizes the importance of methods that can effectively tune the physical properties of polymers. Owning to very small atom size and strongest electronegativity, the fluorination has been proved the most efficient strategy to regulate the physical properties of polymer donors, includ

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