Relevant bibliographies by topics / High malignancy

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'High malignancy'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "High malignancy"

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Alvegård, T. A., and N. O. Berg. "Histopathology peer review of high-grade soft tissue sarcoma: the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group experience." Journal of Clinical Oncology 7, no. 12 (1989): 1845–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1989.7.12.1845.

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From 1981 to 1986, a total of 240 patients with a primary soft tissue sarcoma with malignancy grade III or IV were entered into an adjuvant chemotherapy multicenter trial conducted by the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group (SSG). Histopathologic peer review of all the specimens was performed by an expert pathology committee. The most common soft tissue sarcoma after review was malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) (40%), followed by synovial sarcoma (15%), leiomyosarcoma (9%), liposarcoma (8%), and malignant Schwannoma (6%). In 25% of the cases the histologic type of sarcoma was reclassified, and in 40% of the cases the malignancy grade was changed. By survival analyses, the reclassification of malignancy grade seemed to be valid. Also, grading highly malignant soft tissue sarcoma in two grades (III and IV) increased the prognostic information. Of 164 tumors from the centers with the most reported cases (five centers with 25 to 51 tumors each), eight tumors were found to be ineligible for the adjuvant study (5%); of 76 tumors from 13 centers with few tumors (one to 16 tumors per center), 12 tumors were ineligible (16%). We conclude that histologic peer review is important in studies of soft tissue sarcoma.
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Liang, Yuanxin, Robert S. Heller, Julian K. Wu, Carl B. Heilman, Arthur S. Tischler, and Knarik Arkun. "High p16 Expression Is Associated with Malignancy and Shorter Disease-Free Survival Time in Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma." Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base 80, no. 03 (2018): 232–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1669419.

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Objective Solitary fibrous tumors (SFT) and hemangiopericytomas (HPC) are now classified along a single spectrum of fibroblastic mesenchymal tumors with NAB2–STAT6 fusion. This fusion acts as a driver mutation that constitutively activates EGR1, which is known to be involved in the p16 pathway. Overexpression of p16 is associated with malignancy and worse prognosis in multiple mesenchymal tumors. The authors sought to investigate p16 immunoexpression in association with malignancy and prognosis of SFT/HPC tumors. Design Twenty-three SFT/HPC tumors (central nervous system [CNS]: 12, non CNS: 11) diagnosed at our institution from 2002 to 2016 were assigned into 3 grades. Data from microarray immunohistochemistry for STAT6, synaptophysin, CD56, chromogranin, SST2A, EGR1, Ki67, and p16, grade and survival were analyzed. Results CNS SFT/HPCs tend to be malignant (grade 3; 67 vs. 18%, p = 0.036) and more likely to express synaptophysin (33 vs. 0%, p = 0.035) than non CNS tumors. Overexpression of p16 (immunopositivity ≥ 50% tumor cells) was associated with malignant (grade 3) tumors, and has a sensitivity of 70% (7/10), and a specificity of 77% (10/13), as a predictive marker for malignancy. SFT/HPC patients with low p16 expression demonstrated significantly longer disease-free survival time (median survival > 113 months) than those with high p16 expression (median survival = 30 months, p = 0.045). Conclusions SFT/HPCs in the CNS are more likely to be malignant than the tumors in other sites. High p16 expression is also associated with malignancy and shorter disease-free survival time in SFT/HPC tumors in our study cohort. Clinically, p16 overexpression can be used as predictive marker for malignancy and prognosis and a possible therapeutic target.
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Paul, Prasad, Karatparambil Abid Ali, and Mohammed Jasir. "Predictors of malignancy in solitary nodule thyroid." International Surgery Journal 4, no. 2 (2017): 703. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20170217.

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Background: Solitary nodule thyroid is one of the common surgical problems and incidence of malignancy is also high compared to multinodular goiter. If you can avoid aggressive surgery in benign cases, we can reduce the occurrence of complications. So it’s important to look for the malignant predictors. The aim of the study was to evaluate the malignant predictors in solitary nodule thyroid.Methods: Total of 80 patients with solitary thyroid nodule were included in prospective study. The study was done from January 2015 to January 2016.Results: Most of the malignant cases are occurring in females’ middle age group. Most common one found to be papillary. Experienced radiologist can clearly detect malignancy preoperatively. Most common finding in USS is solid internal architecture.Conclusions: Solitary thyroid nodule is a common problem encountered in the surgical department and it has got a high malignant potential.
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Black, Keith L., Randall A. Hawkins, Kenneth T. Kim, Donald P. Becker, Carole Lerner, and Donna Marciano. "Use of thallium-201 SPECT to quantitate malignancy grade of gliomas." Journal of Neurosurgery 71, no. 3 (1989): 342–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1989.71.3.0342.

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✓ A quantitative preoperative technique using thallium-201 single-photon emission computerized tomography is described which predicts whether specific gliomas are of high- or low-grade malignancy. An index, based on the ratio of thallium uptake in the tumor versus the homologous contralateral brain, was calculated and compared with tumor histology. The index in 14 patients with low-grade malignant gliomas was 1.27 ± 0.40 in contrast to an index of 2.40 ± 0.61 in 11 patients with high-grade malignant gliomas (p < 0.0005). Whether gliomas were of low- or high-grade malignancy could be predicted with 89% accuracy using a threshold of 1.5. Low-grade gliomas with an index higher than 1.5 acted biologically more like high-grade tumors, and no tumor histologically classified as being of high-grade malignancy had an index lower than 1.7. This technique could help to reduce unrecognized sampling errors during needle biopsies of brain tumors, particularly of high-grade lesions classified in error as low-grade tumors due to inadequate biopsy material.
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Bhardwaj, Rajeev, and Rishabh Kumar Rana. "Exploring the Diagnostic Efficacy of Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology in Thyroid Nodules ≥ 4 cm: Results from a Tertiary Health Care Center in Jharkhand." International Journal of Recent Surgical and Medical Sciences 4, no. 02 (2018): 054–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1676561.

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Abstract Background Any nodules of the thyroid, ≥ 4 cm, are generally associated with false-negative results for malignancy on fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), which generally are confirmed cases of malignancy after histopathologic examinations. Methods A retrospective hospital-based study was done in which data of patients having thyroid lesions ≥ 4 cm were reviewed. We checked the FNAC and histopathologic examination done on these lesions. Ultrasonography (USG)–guided aspiration records were also assessed. Sensitivity and specificity of FNAC for the detection of neoplastic or malignant lesions was determined. Results A total of 192 patients (57 female) were included in study. Preoperative fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies were categorized as negative for malignancy (n = 183, 63%), suspicious (n = 6, 4%), and malignant (n = 4, 2%). Final pathology of nodule was found to be benign in 157 (81.35%) patients, whereas in 36 (18.65%) patients, nodules were found to be malignant. Conclusion In this study, we found the malignancy rate of thyroid nodules ≥ 4 cm to be similar to the accepted malignancy rate of smaller thyroid nodules. We missed 32 cases of malignancy on FNAC. Because of high incidence of thyroid malignancy, all nodules ≥ 4 cm must undergo histopathologic examination.
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Mahalingappa, Y. B., and H. S. Khalil. "Sinonasal malignancy: presentation and outcomes." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 128, no. 7 (2014): 654–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215114001066.

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AbstractObjective:We wanted to identify the presentation, diagnostic work-up and treatment outcomes of patients with sinonasal malignancy at Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, UK and compare these with the European Position Paper on Endoscopic Management of Tumours of the Nose, Paranasal Sinuses and Skull Base.Materials and methods:This was a retrospective audit of all patients diagnosed with sinonasal malignancy over a five-year period. The clinical records and picture archiving and communications system data of the patients were reviewed.Results:Thirty patients with sinonasal malignancy were identified out of 570 head and neck cancer patients. The nasal cavity was the most common site for presentation, followed by the maxillary sinuses. Fifty per cent of patients had a squamous cell carcinoma and 27 per cent had a malignant melanoma. Half of the patients presented at stage IV of the cancer and 20 per cent at stage III. Thirty-seven per cent of patients underwent surgical management and only 20 per cent of the total patient group underwent endoscopic surgery. The mortality in our series was 30 per cent over the studied period.Conclusion:Late-stage presentation of sinonasal malignancy has resulted in increased patient mortality in our case series. Also, we found a high incidence of malignant melanoma with high recurrence and survival rates.
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Rorive, Sandrine, Nicky D'Haene, Caroline Fossion, et al. "Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of thyroid nodules: stratification of malignancy risk using follicular proliferation grading, clinical and ultrasonographic features." European Journal of Endocrinology 162, no. 6 (2010): 1107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-09-1103.

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ObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnostic value of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology and the additive contribution brought by clinical and ultrasound (US) features.MethodCytological and histological diagnoses were compared in a series of 924 patients who underwent US-guided FNA before surgery. We additionally developed a grading system for follicular proliferation (FP) FNA diagnosis, and investigated its impact on the malignancy risk as well as the additive contribution of clinical and US features by means of decision tree analysis.ResultsExcluding FP cases (n=395), our data demonstrated that strictly benign or malignant FNA diagnoses exhibit great concordance with benign or malignant histological diagnoses (97.8% accuracy). Our grading system that was applied to the 395 FP cases revealed that grades 1, 2 and 3 were associated with a 7.7, 17.7 and 45.7% incidence of malignancy respectively. Decision tree analysis resulted in a classification model which involved FP grade, patient's age, serum thyroglobulin level, nodule size and nodule uniqueness. This model identified a subgroup of patients with grade 1 FP nodules who were older than 50 years, and who had a higher risk of malignancy (17.9%). In addition, high serum thyroglobulin levels were associated with a very high malignancy risk (75.0%) for patients with grade 3 FP nodules. Finally, among grade 2 FP patients, unique and large nodules were associated with a high malignancy risk of 36.1%.ConclusionsThe integration of FP grade, clinical and US features allows the stratification of patients with FP cytology according to their risk of malignancy.
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Rai, Rojna, Pema Choden Bhutia, and Ugyen Tshomo. "Clinicopathological profile of adnexal masses presenting to a tertiary-care hospital in Bhutan." South Asian Journal of Cancer 08, no. 03 (2019): 168–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/sajc.sajc_303_18.

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Abstract Context: Adnexal masses of ovarian origin are of growing concern due to high fatality associated with ovarian malignancy because they are diagnosed at advanced stage due to vague symptoms and absence of recommended screening tests. Aims: The aim was to study the prevalence of histopathologic types of adnexal masses in different age groups and to analyze the accuracy of preoperative evaluation in diagnosing ovarian malignancy. Settings and Design: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of a tertiary care hospital in Bhutan with gynecologic-oncology services, from January to December 2017. Subjects and Methods: Women presenting with adnexal mass were evaluated and those meeting criteria were enrolled. They were evaluated preoperatively with complete history, examination, ultrasound, and tumor markers. Risk of malignancy index (RMI) was calculated for all patients. Following surgery, histopathology results were compared with preoperative evaluation. Statistical Analysis Used: Chi-square test, t-test, Cohen's Kappa, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results: Of 165 patients evaluated, 127 fulfilling criteria were enrolled. Adnexal masses of ovarian origin were most common (n = 102, 80.3%), of which 12.7% were malignant. Epithelial ovarian malignancy was the most common malignant ovarian tumor, serous cystadenocarcinoma being the most common. Malignancy was significantly more in older, postmenopausal women with high RMI. Seven out of 11 women with high RMI were diagnosed in Stage 3 or 4. RMI score at cutoff of 200 was 54.6% sensitive and 85.7% specific. Conclusions: Adnexal mass of ovarian origin was the most common. Malignancy was significantly more in older, postmenopausal women with high RMI. RMI showed moderate correlation in diagnosing epithelial ovarian malignancies.
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Hui, Kathleen K., John G. Batsakis, Mario A. Luna, Bruce MacKay, and Robert M. Byers. "Salivary duct adenocarcinoma: a high grade malignancy." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 100, no. 1 (1986): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100098807.

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AbstractSalivary duct carcinomas of the major salivary glands have two major distinguishing features. They closely resemble ductal carcinomas of the breast and they are high-grade malignancies. In general, but particularly for carcinomas measuring three or more centimeters in size, the clinical course is one characterized by a resistance to local control, metastases to regional lymph nodes and distant sites, and death within a few years after primary surgical treatment.
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Lucas, Fletcher, Adsay, and Zalupski. "High-grade extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma: a high-grade epithelioid malignancy." Histopathology 35, no. 3 (1999): 201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.1999.00735.x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "High malignancy"

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Enyakoit, G. O. "Cytogenetic analysis of DNA copy number aberrations in high malignancy grade astrocytomas." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444158/.

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Astrocytomas are the most common variety of primary tumours of the central nervous system (CNS). The incidence increases with age, peaking in patients aged 65--75 years. They are generally unresponsive to treatment, and most patients die within one year of diagnosis. Recent genetic studies of astrocytoma susceptibility syndromes, familial- and sporadic astrocytomas have led to the discovery of many genes and molecular mechanisms underlying astrocytoma oncogenesis. A few of the genes involved in inherited astrocytoma associated-syndromes (e.g., Cowden and Li-Fraumeni syndromes) are also strongly implicated in sporadic astrocytomas. However for several other well characterised genes i.e. those mutated in Tuberous sclerosis (TSC) and Neurofibromatosis (NF) any evidence for involvement in sporadic astrocytomas is much less clear. The objective of this study was to undertake a genome-wide survey of high malignancy grade astrocytomas with a view to ascertaining the distribution and prevalence of copy number aberrations, search for associations with prognosis and outcomes to treatment, and to discover possible novel pathways of oncogenesis. Thirty-two high malignancy grade astrocytomas were investigated. Twenty were available as frozen biopsies and 12 as short-term cell cultures. Genomic profiling of all 32, comprising 6 tumours of WHO Grade III and 26 of Grade IV, was achieved by the method of Comparative Genomic Hybridisation onto metaphase chromosomes. 7 of the tumours were investigated by array CGH, with one further investigated by MFISH. Two tumours did not reveal aberrations. For the other 30 tumours, data pooled from a minimum of 10 profiles of each tumour were analysed. Recurrent DNA copy number gains and losses were detected across the genome. In a number of tumours aberrations spanned loci of established candidate genes previously associated with sporadic astrocytomas, on chromosomes 7, 9p, lOq, 12q, 13q and 17p. In addition over 70% of 'sporadic' tumours appeared to have DNA-copy number aberrations implicating genes with established roles in astrocytoma-susceptibility syndromes. The chromosomal region 9q34 (site of TSC1) appeared to be under-represented in 25% of the tumours, while 16pl3 (site of TSC2) was diminished in -38%. Similarly, loci for NF1 and NF2 were involved in aberrations in -10% and 38% of the cases respectively, as were those of PMS2 (22%), APC (19%) and a number of miss- I Cytogenetic Analysis of DNA Copy Number Aberrations in High Malignancy Grade Astrocytomas match repair (MMR) genes. Eight tumours had probable loss at lp36. Several novel locations were also suggested An attempt to correlate DNA copy number alterations with survival showed that among patients with grade IV tumours, there were on average far fewer chromosome aberrations per tumour in four of the five patients surviving longer than one year after diagnosis than in those who died before this. There was some suggestion of a worse prognosis in Grade IV tumours with a specific deletion of lp36, which would agree with a previous report. The only Grade IV tumour that was studied by all three approaches showed good agreement between array and metaphase CGH. In addition, array CGH revealed small regions of loss in the region of PTEN (CHR lOq) and TP53 (CHR 17p) below the resolution of the metaphase CGH. The M-FISH revealed very large numbers of chromosomes and several translocations, and comparison of the microarray data and the MFISH data suggests possible candidate regions for breakpoints. The data are discussed in the light of previous work and with a view to the possibility that there may be some diversity in the cellular origin of astrocytomas and that haploinsufficiency may play some role in oncogenesis.
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Enyakoit, George Ojula. "A genome-wide investigatin of DNA copy number aberrations in high malignancy grade astrocytomas." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.500063.

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Brown, I. "High linear energy transfer endoradiotherapeutic drugs for malignant disease." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.596984.

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Jackson, L. A. "Cytogenetic and molecular genetic analysis of normal, pre-malignant and malignant breast tissue from patients in high-risk families." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.604988.

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The data presented in this thesis demonstrates that 60.0% of the morphologically normal samples from women at high risk for breast cancer showed genomic copy number aberrations by CGH. There was an average of 1.45 aberrations per sample analysed. These aberrations seemed to be spread throughout the genome, however, there were some regions of interest. These were gains on 1p, 9p, 16p 16q and 19. The presence of these aberrations suggests that morphologically normal epithelial cells analysed from these cases have a degree of genomic instability. The CGH results for HUT presented a complicated profile of copy number loss and gain spread throughout the genome. Of the 23 lesions successfully analysed by CGH, 96.7% had genomic aberrations, an average of 4.35 aberrations per sample analysed. The most common sites of aberration were loss at 1p, 9q, 17p, 17q, 19 and 22q and again at 1q, 2q, 6q, 9p, 13q, 18p and X. The immunohistochemical staining of the HUT provided an insight into whether the lesion was derived from a single clone or was a proliferation of a number of cells. However the overall staining patterns were highly variable between and within cases and no common observations were identified. Although the numbers in this study are small and there is a lack of <i>BRCA1 </i>and <i>BRACA2</i> mutation status information in all samples, there does seem to be a trend towards the <i>BRCA</i> mutation positive samples being more likely to have genomic aberrations and for these samples to have an increased number of aberrations over samples with unknown mutation status. The wide variety copy number losses and gains in these samples suggest that premalignant lesions can, and do, acquire an array of aberrations and still present as a similar morphological lesions.
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Arlotta, Paola. "The high mobility group protein I-C : transcriptional regulation and involvement in the formation of lipomas in transgenic mice." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311184.

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Garcia, Paulo A. "Irreversible Electroporation for the Treatment of Aggressive High-Grade Glioma." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77269.

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Malignant gliomas (MG), most notably glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), are among the most aggressive of all malignancies. High-grade variants of this type of brain cancer are generally considered incurable with singular or multimodal therapies. Many patients with GBM die within one year of diagnosis, and the 5-year survival rate in people is approximately 10%. Despite extensive research in diagnostic and therapeutic technologies, very few developments have emerged that significantly improve survival over the last seven decades. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new non-thermal focal tissue ablation technique that uses low-energy electric pulses to destabilize cell membranes, thus achieving tissue death. The procedure is minimally invasive and is performed through small electrodes inserted into the tissue with treatment duration of about one minute. The pulses create an electric field that induces an increase in the resting transmembrane potential (TMP) of the cells in the tissue. The induced increase in the TMP is dependent on the electric pulse parameters. Depending on the magnitude of the induced TMP the electric pulses can have no effect, transiently increase membrane permeability or cause spontaneous death. In this dissertation we hypothesize that irreversible electroporation is capable of ablating normal (gray and white matter) and pathological (MG and/or GBM) brain tissue in a highly focused non-thermal manner that is modulated through pulse parameters and electrode configuration. Through a comprehensive experimental and numerical investigation, we tested and attained results strongly supporting our hypothesis. Specifically, we developed numerical models that were capable of simulating an entire IRE treatment protocol and would take into account pulse parameters (e.g. duration, frequency, repetition rate and strength) in addition to the dynamic changes in tissue electrical conductivity due to electroporation and joule heating, as well as biologically relevant processes such as blood perfusion and metabolic heat. We also provided a method to isolate the IRE effects from undesired thermal damage in models that were validated with real-time temperature measurements during the delivery of the pulses. Finally we outlined a procedure to use 3D volumetric reconstructions of IRE lesions using patient specific MRI scans in conjunction with the models described for establishing field thresholds or performing treatment planning prior to the surgical procedure; thus supplying the readers with the tools and understanding necessary to design appropriate treatment protocols for their specific application. Experimentally we presented the first systematic in vivo study of IRE in normal canine brain and the multimodal treatment of a canine MG patient. We confirmed that the procedure can be applied safely in the brain and was well tolerated clinically. The lesions created with IRE were sub-millimeter in resolution and we achieved 75% tumor volume reduction within 3 days post-IRE in the patient. In addition to the sharp delineation between necrotic and normal brain, the treatments spared the major blood vessels, making it appropriate for treatment of tumors adjacent to, or enveloping critical vascular structures. We believe that irreversible electroporation will play a key role in the treatment of intracranial disorders including malignant brain cancer in which the intent is to focally kill undesired tissue while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue.<br>Ph. D.
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Chikada, Ai. "A descriptive analysis of end-of-life discussions for high-grade glioma patients." Doctoral thesis, Kyoto University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/264666.

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京都大学<br>新制・課程博士<br>博士(人間健康科学)<br>甲第23385号<br>人健博第92号<br>新制||人健||6(附属図書館)<br>京都大学大学院医学研究科人間健康科学系専攻<br>(主査)教授 田村 恵子, 教授 稲富 宏之, 教授 溝脇 尚志<br>学位規則第4条第1項該当<br>Doctor of Human Health Sciences<br>Kyoto University<br>DFAM
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Ivey, Jill Winters. "Investigating the Applications of Electroporation Therapy for Targeted Treatment of Glioblastoma Multiforme Based on Malignant Properties of Cells." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78806.

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Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and lethal primary brain cancer with an average survival time of 15 months. GBM is considered incurable with even the most aggressive multimodal therapies and is characterized by near universal recurrence. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a cellular ablation method currently being investigated as a therapy for a variety of cancers. Application of IRE involves insertion of electrodes into tissue to deliver pulsed electric fields (PEFs), which destabilize the cell membrane past the point of recovery, thereby inducing cell death. While this treatment modality has numerous advantages, the lack of selectivity for malignant cells limits its application in the brain where damage to healthy tissue is especially deleterious. In this dissertation we hypothesize that a form of IRE therapy, high-frequency IRE (H-FIRE), may be able to act as a selective targeted therapy for GBM due to its ability to create an electric field inside a cell to interact with altered inner organelles. Through a comprehensive investigation involving experimental testing combined with numerical modeling, we have attained results in strong support of this hypothesis. Using tissue engineered hydrogels as our platform for therapy testing, we demonstrate selective ablation of GBM cells. We develop mathematical models that predict the majority of the electric field produced by H-FIRE pulses reach the inside of the cell. We demonstrate that the increased nuclear to cytoplasm ratio (NCR) of malignant GBM cells compared to healthy brain—evidenced in vivo and in in vitro tissue mimics—is correlated with greater ablation volumes and thus lower electric field thresholds for cell death when treated with H-FIRE. We enhance the selectivity achieved with H-FIRE using a molecularly targeted drug that induces an increase in NCR. We tune the treatment pulse parameters to increase selective malignant cell killing. Finally, we demonstrate the ability of H-FIRE to ablate therapy-resistant GBM cells which are a focus of many next-generation GBM therapies. We believe the evidence presented in this dissertation represents the beginning stages in the development of H-FIRE as a selective therapy to be used for treatment of human brain cancer.<br>Ph. D.
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Callanan, Mary. "Caractérisation moléculaire d'une t(1;22)(q21;q11) impliquée dans la progression tumorale dans les lymphomes malins non Hodgkiniens." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10177.

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Les rearrangements du bras long du chromosome 1 sont parmi les plus frequemment observes dans les tumeurs humaines. La plupart de ces rearrangements impliquent la bande chromosomique 1q21. Ce sont soit des translocations desequilibrees soit moins frequemment des translocations equilibrees avec de nombreux chromosomes partenaires. Ces anomalies surviennent plutot au cours de l'evolution d'une tumeur et seraient donc impliquees dans la progression tumorale. Cependant elles ont aussi ete observees dans des etats preneoplasiques precedant de plusieurs mois, voire annees, l'eclosion de la tumeur maligne. Malgre leur frequence elevee et leur role potentiel dans les processus de tumorogenese, on ne connait ni les genes cibles de ces rearrangements en 1q21, ni les sites de cassure preferentiels. A ce titre, l'objectif de ce travail etait de cloner et caracteriser les points de cassure d'une translocation t(1;22) observee dans une lignee tumorale (b593) etablie a partir d'un lymphome de haut grade de malignite. Cette translocation implique sur le chromosome 1 la bande 1q21, point chaud de cassures dans les lymphomes, et sur le chromosome 22 la bande 22q11, locus des genes d'immunoglobulines lambda. Le fragment de jonction de cette translocation a ete clone, cartographie en detail et differents clones appartenant a la bande 1q21 isoles. La recherche systematique de sequences transcrites dans une region de 16,5kb entourant la jonction n'a revele la presence d'aucune unite transcriptionnelle fonctionnelle. Cependant un pseudogene original de la proteine ribosomique l31 a ete identifie a 6kb de la jonction et la lignee b593 montre un taux eleve d'arnm l31. Ce pseudogene presente les caracteres habituels des retroposons, il est flanque par des repetitions directes, ne comporte pas d'introns et porte une queue poly a. Il est cependant particulier du fait de la presence en 5' d'une sequence polypyrimidique terminale (5' terminal oligopyrimidine tract - 5' top), site d'initiation transcriptionnelle caracteristique des genes codant pour des proteines ribosomiques. Cette sequence est precedee d'une boite type tata, alors que les promoteurs de genes codant pour les proteines ribosomiques en sont depourvus. La signification de ces resultats dans le contexte d'une expression elevee de l31 est discutee. Afin de preciser la localisation du point de la cassure 1q21 observee dans la lignee b593, nous l'avons positionne par fish sur la carte physique/genetique integree du consortium du ceph, a l'aide de yacs de cette region. Cette approche a permis de localiser le point de cassure dans un grand intervalle de 8cm borne par les yacs 910c8 en position proximale et 907a11 en position distale, une region jusqu'alors non impliquee dans des cancers. Des yacs specifiques de la jonction ont ensuite ete isoles par criblage de la banque de yacs du ceph avec des amorces specifiques du point de cassure, permettant l'identification du yac 851a10 chevauchant le point de cassure 1q21 de la lignee b593. Le point de cassure d'une autre t(1;22) observee chez un deuxieme malade a egalement ete localise dans ce yac. Ce resultat suggere l'existence d'au moins un site oncogenique dans la region de 1q21 homologue au yac 851a10.
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Nkosana-Nyawata, Idah D. "Understanding delay : a grounded theory examination of the pre-diagnostic journey of individuals with malignant melanoma. An analysis of the experiences of individuals subsequently diagnosed with high risk malignant melanoma from problem identification through to initial specialist treatment." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4314.

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Books on the topic "High malignancy"

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Cassidy, Jim, Donald Bissett, Roy A. J. Spence OBE, Miranda Payne, and Gareth Morris-Stiff. Malignancy of unknown primary. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199689842.003.0026.

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Bone and soft tissue malignancies describes a large group of sarcomas, some of which require highly specialist management, including osteosarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma, so that referral to an appropriate multidisciplinary team (MDT) is mandatory. Limb conserving surgery combined with pre- and postoperative chemotherapy is curative in the majority of osteosarcomas, and similar approach which may include local radiotherapy also holds for Ewing’s. Other primary bone tumours are reviewed including malignant fibrous histiocytoma, chondrosarcoma, chordoma, solitary plasmacytoma, and primary lymphoma of bone.Soft tissue sarcomas comprise a heterogeneous group of tumours, ranging from low grade pathology with at worst propensity to local recurrence after conservative surgery, to high grade disease (including extra osseous Ewing’s) where intensive chemotherapy along with surgery is standard therapy. Pre-or postoperative radiotherapy improves local control for many soft tissue sarcomas. For most soft tissue sarcomas, chemosensitivity is modest at best, offering palliative benefit in metastatic disease, but no clear survival benefit in adjuvant therapy. Gastrointestinal stromal tumours and a few others are susceptible to targeted therapy, and it is hoped that this approach may be applicable to more in the future.Metastatic disease from both bone and soft tissue sarcomas is often pulmonary, and metastectomy can provide effective treatment, particularly when lung lesion is solitary.
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Shinmura, Shuichi. High-dimensional Microarray Data Analysis: Cancer Gene Diagnosis and Malignancy Indexes by Microarray. Springer, 2019.

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Govindan, Kalyani. Thyroid Mass Resection. Edited by Erin S. Williams, Olutoyin A. Olutoye, Catherine P. Seipel, and Titilopemi A. O. Aina. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190678333.003.0045.

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Pediatric thyroid nodules are fairly uncommon. However, thyroid nodules that do exist in the pediatric population are more likely to be of a malignant nature compared to the adult population. Malignancy occurs anywhere from 16% to as high as 26% in pediatrics compared to 5% in the adult population. The thyroid mass poses several concepts to consider. Depending on the size of the mass, potential for discomfort, and respiratory compromise, the anesthesiologist must be able to identify patients who are at risk for cardiopulmonary complications and formulate an acceptable anesthetic plan. This chapter reviews the overall causes, studies, symptoms, and treatment of the pediatric patient with a thyroid mass.
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Durand, Melissa A. Architectural Distortion (Cancer). Edited by Christoph I. Lee, Constance D. Lehman, and Lawrence W. Bassett. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190270261.003.0029.

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An architectural distortion (AD) is an alteration of the breast parenchyma, which results in radiating lines or spicules emanating from a point without a distinct mass. It can occur as the primary finding, or it may be an associated feature of a mass, asymmetry, or calcifications. AD is a mammographic finding with a high positive predictive value for malignancy and is a major cause of false-negative screening exams. This chapter, appearing in the section on asymmetry, mass, and distortion, reviews the key imaging and clinical features, imaging protocols, differential diagnoses, management recommendations, and potential pitfalls for a malignant architectural distortion. Topics discussed include superimposition of breast tissue, localization, workup of tomosynthesis-detected architectural distortion, and image-guided biopsy options.
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Ajzensztejn, Daniel. Prostate cancer. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0326.

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Prostate cancer is the commonest male malignancy, with approximately 35 000 new cases in the UK annually, equating to a lifetime risk of 1 in 10. When diagnosed early, it has a high chance of cure with surgery, external beam radiotherapy, or brachytherapy. Even for metastatic disease, the prognosis is usually several years.
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Swales, Catherine. Inflammatory connective tissue disease. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199550647.003.010005.

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♦ Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the commonest multisystem connective tissue disease♦ All patients with SLE are antinuclear antibody (ANA) positive, but not all ANA-positive patients have SLE♦ Renal lupus carries a high mortality and requires aggressive immunosuppression♦ Dermatomyositis may be associated with malignancy in the elderly♦ The vasculitides are classified according to vessel size and ANCA (antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody) profile♦ Therapy for vasculitis includes corticosteroids, steroid-sparing agents, and cytotoxics.
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Cassidy, Jim, Donald Bissett, Roy A. J. Spence OBE, Miranda Payne, Gareth Morris-Stiff, and Madhumita Bhattacharyya. Gynaecological cancers. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199689842.003.0020_update_001.

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Genitourinary cancers examines the malignancies arising in the kidney, ureter, bladder, prostate, testis, and penis. Renal cancer has high propensity for systemic spread, largely mediated by overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Treatments include surgery, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy. Wilms tumour, a childhood malignancy of the kidney, warrants specialist paediatric oncology management to provide expertise in its unique pathology, staging, and treatment, often with surgery and chemotherapy. Cancer of the bladder and ureters, another tobacco related cancer, may present as either superficial or invasive disease. The former is managed by transurethral resection and intravesical therapy. The latter may require radical surgery, preoperative chemotherapy, or radiotherapy. Prostate cancer, the commonest male cancer, is an androgen dependent malignancy. It has attracted controversy with regards to PSA screening, and potential over treatment with radical prostatectomy. Division into low, intermediate, and high risk disease according to tumour grade, stage, and PSA helps in deciding best treatment, antiandrogen therapy for metastatic disease, radiotherapy and adjuvant hormone therapy for locally advanced disease, either surgery or radiotherapy for early intermediate risk disease, and active monitoring for low risk cases. Testicular cancer divides according to pathology into seminoma, nonseminomatous germ cell tumours (NSGCT), and mixed tumours, the latter two frequently producing tumour markers, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and/or human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG). Stage I disease is managed by inguinal orchidectomy and surveillance or adjuvant chemotherapy. More advanced disease is managed by chemotherapy, with high probability of cure in the majority. Penile cancer, often HPV related, can be excised when it presents early, but delay in presentation may lead to regional and systemic spread with poor prognosis.
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Blot, William J., and Robert E. Tarone. Esophageal Cancer. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190238667.003.0030.

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Cancer of the esophagus is the eighth most common malignancy worldwide in terms of incident cases and the sixth most common for cancer deaths. The two main histopathologic subtypes, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EADC), have strikingly different clinical and epidemiologic features. ESCC occurs throughout the esophagus and is the most common histologic subtype globally; over 90% of cases in the traditionally high-risk regions of Eastern Asia and Eastern and Southern Africa are ESCC. The incidence of ESCC is decreasing worldwide. In some high-risk areas in Asia the decrease was preceded by economic development and improvements in diet, whereas in high-income countries the decrease followed reductions in cigarette smoking. In contrast, the incidence of EADC continues to increase in many high- and middle-income countries, especially among white men. EADC develops in the lower third of the esophagus, primarily because of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and obesity.
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Kadioglu, Ates, and Emre Salabaş. Scrotal swelling. Edited by David John Ralph. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659579.003.0110.

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Scrotal swelling is a common urological pathology composed of both benign and malign diseases originating from testicles, epididymis, tunical layers, or the scrotum wall itself. Emergencies usually present with pain and short onset time while malign lesions are usually palpated as smooth, solid, painless masses. Hydrocele is the abnormal collection of serous fluids encapsulated between tunica albuginea and vaginalis of the testis. Hydrocele might be primary or occur secondary to trauma, infection, epididymitis, or tumours. Although physical examination is enough for diagnosis, ultrasound should be performed for malignancy exclusion. Surgery is gold standard for young patients with cosmetic problems, discomfort, disability due to hydrocele, and has high success and low complication rates. Alternative treatments such as tetracycline or polidocanol may be considered for patients with high anaesthesia risk.
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Liu, Yang. Perioperative Management of Pheochromocytoma. Edited by Erin S. Williams, Olutoyin A. Olutoye, Catherine P. Seipel, and Titilopemi A. O. Aina. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190678333.003.0044.

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Pheochromocytomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors that arise from catecholamine producing cells in the adrenal glands. In the pediatric population, catecholamine-secreting tumors typically present around ages 11 and 12 and occur in 0.8% to 1.7% of hypertensive children. Pheochromocytomas represent significant management challenges to the anesthesiologist, particularly when undiagnosed. Many different anesthetic techniques and various antihypertensive agents have been successfully used to attenuate the intraoperative variations in blood pressure. After resection, periodic follow-up is highly recommended for all patients with pheochromocytoma because of the high incidence of recurrence and malignancy. This chapter uses a case study of a 12-year-old boy who presents for a scheduled laparoscopic cortical sparing adrenalectomy for unilateral pheochromocytoma.
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Book chapters on the topic "High malignancy"

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Mahomva, Chengetai, and Jamie Ahn Ku. "Adjuvant Management of Advanced High-Risk Salivary Gland Malignancy." In Difficult Decisions in Surgery: An Evidence-Based Approach. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15123-2_19.

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Landys, K. E. "Mitoxantrone in combination with prednimustine in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of intermediate and high grade malignancy." In Non-Hodgkin-Lymphome, edited by E. Thiel, W. Wilmanns, and E. Enghofer. De Gruyter, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110847734-006.

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Yoshida, Kazuhiro, Hiroki Kuniyasu, Toshihiro Hirai, Tetsuya Toge, and Eiichi Tahara. "Amplification of hst-1 and int-2 Genes as a Biological Marker of High Malignancy for Human Esophageal Carcinomas." In Recent Advances in Diseases of the Esophagus. Springer Japan, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68246-2_72.

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de Bakker, E., M. C. E. van Leeuwen, O. W. M. Meijer, and F. B. Niessen. "Additional Invasive Techniques in Scar Management." In Textbook on Scar Management. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44766-3_40.

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AbstractRadiation therapy is a last resort option for recurring and therapy-resistant keloid scars. It represents a significant burden to the patient and both financially and logistically to the healthcare system. Radiation therapy yields excellent results, both functionally and aesthetically and in low recurrence rates. An efficacious treatment protocol consists of excision of the entire keloid, followed by rapid administration of the first radiation dose. The most commonly used techniques are external radiation, low-dose-rate brachytherapy, and high-dose-rate brachytherapy. Brachytherapy is associated with fewer side effects and a lower recurrence rate in comparison with external radiation. The use of high-dose-rate brachytherapy is more convenient because it allows an outpatient setting and prevents unnecessary radiation damage to the surrounding tissue. Although more research is needed, a biological effective dose (BED) of 20–30 Gy, for example, 2 × 6 Gy, seems sufficient for most cases. The most commonly seen complications are erythema, temporary and permanent pigmentation disturbances, and telangiectasia. Although it is necessary to mention the risk of inducing secondary malignancy in the treated area, only a few cases have been described, out of which none were caused by brachytherapy.
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Schaller, Teilo H., and John H. Sampson. "Immunotherapy for High-Grade Gliomas." In Malignant Brain Tumors. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49864-5_12.

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Kakudo, Kennichi, Yaqiong Li, Yanhua Bai, and Shinya Satoh. "Risk Stratification of Cases with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) Nuclear Features into Low-Risk, High-Risk (Suspicious for PTC), and Definitive Malignancy." In Thyroid FNA Cytology. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1897-9_22.

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Mills, Wendy, and Anthony H. Goldstone. "High-Dose Therapy for the Malignant Lymphomas." In Malignant Lymphomas: Biology and Treatment. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79913-6_13.

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Eary, J. F., and O. W. Press. "High Dose Radioimmunotherapy in Malignant Lymphoma." In Systemic Radiotherapy with Monoclonal Antibodies. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79952-5_12.

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Hino, Okio, Masaaki Abe, Masataka Kojima, and Kazunori Kajino. "Biomarkers for Mesothelioma Screening: How Can We Identify Subjects Developing Mesothelioma in Asbestos-Exposed High-Risk Group?" In Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9158-7_5.

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Eckner, Richard, Zoltan Arany, and David M. Livingston. "A Family of High Molecular Weight Proteins Active in Differentiation and Growth Control." In Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis. Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1927-0_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "High malignancy"

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Pandey, Divya, Neha Pruthi, and Sudha Salhan. "Unusually high serum Ca 19-9 in a benign ovarian tumor." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685327.

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Introduction: Ovarian tumors have a varied spectrum of presentation. Tumors which look malignant clinico-biochemically can ultimately turn out to be benign. Tumor markers help in diagnosing various malignancies. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 is one such marker seen to be elevated in some ovarian tumors. Case: A 55 year old, lean and thin postmenopausal female presented to Gynae OPD with abdominal mass, anorexia and weight loss developing over last 6 months. During workup, she was found to have unusually high Ca 19-9 along with MRI findings suggestive of ovarian tumor. Staging laparotomy followed by total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingoophorectomy was performed. Per operative findings were suggestive of benign nature of ovarian tumor of size 18× 20 cm. Patient was kept under follow up. Histopathology report showed benign mucinous cystadenoma. The serum levels of Ca19-9 returned to normal 8 weeks following surgery. This case report shows a rare and significant elevation of Ca19-9 levels with benign mucinous cystadenoma of the ovary, thus showing that women with unusually elevated tumor markers and even symptoms suggesting malignancy may actually harbour a benign disease. Conclusion: Unusually high Ca 19-9 may be associated with benign mucinous cystadenoma but thorough workup to rule out malignancy is a must in every case.
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Hariri, Lida P., Khay M. Tan, Martin Villiger, et al. "High-Resolution Volumetric Structural And Birefringence Microscopy Of Pulmonary Malignancy." In American Thoracic Society 2012 International Conference, May 18-23, 2012 • San Francisco, California. American Thoracic Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a3677.

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Magnussen, Gry I., Elisabeth Emilsen, Anne K. Rosnes, and Vivi Ann Flørenes. "Abstract 3056: High levels of Wee1 are associated with malignancy and has potential as a therapeutic target in malignant melanoma." In Proceedings: AACR 103rd Annual Meeting 2012‐‐ Mar 31‐Apr 4, 2012; Chicago, IL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2012-3056.

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Biraris, Pavankumar, Pavan Yadav, Kumar Kallur, Satyanarayana Gowda, and Ravindra Mehta. "PET-CT high-SUV mediastinal lymph nodes (MLN) in primary or treated extrathoracic malignancy – “Not all that lights up is malignant”." In ERS International Congress 2017 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/1393003.congress-2017.pa825.

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Maglich, Bogdan C., and Orhan Nalcioglu. "‘ONCOSENSOR’ for Noninvasive High-Specificity Breast Cancer Diagnosis by Carbogen-Enhanced Neutron Femto-Oximetry." In ASME 2010 First Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2010-13295.

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Based on the first experiment on Differential Femto Oximetry (Paper 13270), we conducted a computer simulated study of the feasibility of conceptual design for our noninvasive malignancy probe, Oncosensor, to diagnose hypoxia of malignancy M = −0.90, measured by pO2 — which correspond to volume averaged hypoxia M′ = −0.09 — in 1cm, 3 cm and 5 cm DIA tumors embedded in the middle of a 10 cm DIA breast. M′ is further masked by background γ’s from the in vivo tissue by factor x = 4.4–7 for subcutaneous and central tumor, respectively, to apparent M″ = M′/X which, in turn, renders hypoxia non-diagnosable for 1 cm tumors; marginally so for 3 cm ones with specificity S = 75%, and fully diagnosable with S = 95% in 5 cm ones. To diagnose 1–3 cm and smaller tumors, we propose to enhance M″ by a factor of ≈ 3 by replacing air breathing with that of Carbogen (O2 95%, CO2 5%). With carbogen breathing, simulations predict hypoxia detection in 1 cm subcutaneous tumor with S = 68%, and in 3 cm ones with S = 95–99.9%. Carbogen renders possible 2 additional diagnostic tests for redundancy. Significant improvements of the above measurement accuracies are projected. Oncosensor will be tested in vivo with R3230 tumors in Fischer rats at UCI’s Center for Functional Onco-Imaging. Oncosensor requires imaging guidance.
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Nguyen, JMV, D. Vicus, MQ Bernardini, and L. Hogen. "314 Patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma are at high risk of secondary malignancy." In IGCS Annual 2019 Meeting Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2019-igcs.314.

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Lindo Ricce, M., A. Guardiola-Arévalo, Ortega A. Repiso, and R. Gómez-Rodriguez. "Long-Term Malignancy in Small Pancreatic Cystic Lesions Without Worrisome Features or High Stigmata." In ESGE Days 2021. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1724882.

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Hassan, Filali. "High Proteasome Activity in Plasma of Patients with Hematologic Malignancy (Case of 145 Moroccan patients)." In IV International Symposium on Immunobiologicals & VII Seminário Anual Científico e Tecnológico. Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35259/isi.sact.2019_32732.

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Patri, Ashutosh, Abhijit Nayak, and Anup Anurag. "High Accuracy Back-Retreat Diffusion-Fuzzy Clustering of Breast Cancer Data for the Detection of Malignancy." In Biomedical Engineering / Robotics Applications. ACTAPRESS, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2014.818-018.

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Kobayashi, Y., T. Kadoya, N. Gouda, et al. "Abstract P4-09-17: Wnt5a expression is associated with high-grade malignancy in ER-positive breast cancer." In Abstracts: Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; December 8-12, 2015; San Antonio, TX. American Association for Cancer Research, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p4-09-17.

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Reports on the topic "High malignancy"

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Basu, Sayani. Monoclonal Antibody Therapy: A New Hope in Cancer Treatment. Natur Library, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47496/nl.blog.14.

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The remarkable specificity, high efficacy and the ability to elicit an antitumor response indicate that monoclonal antibody therapy offers promise in the treatment of malignancy and appears to be clinically relevant
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