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Journal articles on the topic 'High performance op-amp'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

AL-Qaysi, Hayder Khaleel, Musaab Mohammed Jasim, and Siraj Manhal Hameed. "Design of very low-voltages and high-performance CMOS gate-driven operational amplifier." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 20, no. 2 (November 1, 2020): 670. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i2.pp670-679.

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This paper presents the description and analysis of the design and HSPICE-based simulation results of very low-voltages (LVs) power supplies and high-performance specifications CMOS gate-driven (GD) operational amplifier (Op-Amp) circuit. The very LVs CMOS GD Op-Amp circuit designed using 90nm CMOS technology parameters and the folded cascode (FC) technique employed in the differential input stage. The HSPICE simulation results demonstrate that the overall gain is 73.1dB, the unity gain bandwidth is 14.9MHz, the phase margin is , the total power dissipation is 0.91mW, the output voltage swing is from 0.95V to 1V, the common-mode rejection ratio is dB, the equivalent input-referred noise voltage is 50.94 at 1MHz, the positive slew rate is 11.37 , the negative slew rate is 11.39 , the settling time is 137 , the positive power-supply rejection ratio is 74.2dB, and the negative power-supply rejection ratio is 80.1dB. The comparisons of simulation results at 1V and 0.814V power supplies’ voltages of the very LVs CMOS GD Op-Amp circuit demonstrate that the circuit functions with perfect performance specifications, and it is suitable for many considerable applications intended for very LVs CMOS Op-Amp circuits.
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2

Safari, Ali, Massoud Dousti, and Mohammad Bagher Tavakoli. "Monolayer Graphene Field Effect Transistor-Based Operational Amplifier." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 28, no. 03 (February 24, 2019): 1950052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021812661950052x.

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Graphene Field Effect Transistor (GFET) is a promising candidate for future high performance applications in the beyond CMOS roadmap for analog circuit applications. This paper presents a Verilog-A implementation of a monolayer graphene field-effect transistor (mGFET) model. The study of characteristic curves is carried out using advanced design system (ADS) tools. Validation of the model through comparison with measurements from the characteristic curves is carried out using Silvaco TCAD tools. Finally, the mGFET is used to design a GFET-based operational amplifier (Op-Amp). The GFET Op-Amp performances are tuned in term of the graphene channel length in order to obtain a reasonable gain and bandwidth. The main characteristics of the Op-Amp performance are compared with 0.18[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m CMOS technology.
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3

Bhargava, Bhanupriya, Pradeep Kumar Sharma, and Shyam Akashe. "High Performance Analysis of CDS Delta-Sigma ADC in 45-Nanometer Regime." International Journal of Nanoscience 13, no. 01 (February 2014): 1450003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x14500033.

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In this paper, a correlated double sampling (CDS) technique is proposed in the design of a delta sigma analog-to-digital converter (ADC). These CDS techniques are very effective for the compensation of the nonidealities in switched-capacitor (SC) circuits, such as charge injection, clock feed-through, operational amplifier (op-amp) input-referred offset and finite op-amp gain. An improved compensation scheme is proposed to attain continuous compensation of clock feed-through and offset in SC integrators. Both high-speed and low-power operation is achieved without compromising the accuracy requirement. Also this CDS delta sigma ADC is the most promising circuit for analog to digital converter because this circuit reduces noise due to drift and low frequency noise such as flicker noise and offset voltage and also boosts the gain performance of the amplifier. Further, the simulation results of this circuit are verified on using a "cadence virtuoso tool" using spectre at 45 nm technology with supply voltage 0.7 V.
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Gupta, Pragati, and Shyam Akashe. "Implementation of an Ultra Low Power Process-Insensitive Two Stage Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Operational Amplifier with Enhanced Direct Current Gain at 45 nm Technology Node." Sensor Letters 18, no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 770–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sl.2020.4277.

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This paper presents an ultra low power process-insensitive two stage CMOS OP-AMP employing bulk-biasing technique realised in a standard 45 nm CMOS technology. Bulk-Biasing technique has been employed to augment the DC gain of two stage CMOS OP-AMP without having any impact on its power dissipation and output swing. In this work, high gain-bandwidth product (GBW) with appropriate phase margin is achieved through pseudo-cascode compensation approach which overcomes the drawbacks of Miller compensation technique also. Furthermore, the effect of width scaling on performance metrics of proposed OP-AMP has been analysed. The designed OP-AMP exhibits enhanced DC gain of 94.2 dB, gain-bandwidth product (GBW) of 460 MHz and adequate phase margin of 80°; with fast settling response. Also, the proposed OP-AMP has power dissipation of 27 μW and leakage current of 6.4 pA only. The design and optimisation of proposed OP-AMP is carried out at a power supply of 0.7 V under room temperature in Cadence Virtuoso tool.
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5

TAMMAM, AMR ABDALLAH, MOHAMED BEN-ESMAEL, and MOHAMMED R. ABAZAB. "CURRENT FEEDBACK OP-AMP UTILIZES NEW CURRENT CELL TO ENHANCE THE CMRR." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 21, no. 05 (August 2012): 1250038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126612500387.

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Despite excellent high frequency and high speed performance, current-feedback operational amplifiers (CFOAs) generally exhibit poor common-mode rejection (CMRR) properties, which limit their utility [Analogue IC design: The current–mode approach, IEE Circuits and Systems Series, Peter peregrinus, 1990]. A novel current feedback operational amplifier (CFOA) with improved performance is presented. The proposed CFOA has a new current-cell [Novel current-feedback operational amplifier Design Based on a floating circuit technique, IEE Colloquium on Analogue Signal Processing, 1998], to bias the entire circuit, which achieves an incremental output resistance twice that of the well-known "Wilson" circuit. Simulation results of this new CFOA architecture indicate that the amplifier exhibits performance characteristics superior to those obtained with an established input architecture: in particular, the CMRR (common-mode rejection ratio) is 91 dB, and the d.c. offset voltage less than 26 μV.
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6

Chung, Kang-Min, and Sung-Mook Kim. "A Gain Enhancing Scheme for Op-Amp in High Performance AIPS Using Negative Resistance Element." KIPS Transactions:PartA 12A, no. 6 (December 1, 2005): 531–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3745/kipsta.2005.12a.6.531.

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7

Nagulapalli, Rajasekhar, Khaled Hayatleh, and Steve Barker. "A Positive Feedback-Based Op-Amp Gain Enhancement Technique for High-Precision Applications." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 29, no. 14 (March 20, 2020): 2050220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126620502205.

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A power-efficient, voltage gain enhancement technique for op-amps has been described. The proposed technique is robust against Process, Voltage and Temperature (PVT) variations. It exploits a positive feedback-based gain enhancement technique without any latch-up issue, as opposed to the previously proposed conductance cancellation techniques. In the proposed technique, four additional transconductance-stages (gm stages) are used to boost the gain of the main gm stage. The additional gm stages do not significantly increase the power dissipation. A prototype was designed in 65[Formula: see text]nm CMOS technology. It results in 81[Formula: see text]dB voltage gain, which is 21[Formula: see text]dB higher than the existing gain-boosting technique. The proposed op-amp works with as low a power supply as 0.8[Formula: see text]V, without compromising the performance, whereas the traditional gain-enhancement techniques start losing gain below a 1.1[Formula: see text]V supply. The circuit draws a total static current of 295[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]A and occupies 5000[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m2 of silicon area.
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8

GÜNAY, ENIS, MUSTAFA ALÇI, and FATMA YILDIRIM. "AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON CHAOTIC DYNAMICS OF CFOA-BASED SC-CNN CIRCUIT." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 15, no. 08 (August 2005): 2551–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127405013484.

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In this paper, an experimental implementation of State Controlled Cellular Neural Network (SC-CNN) circuit using Current Feedback Op Amp (CFOA) is presented and its chaotic dynamics including high frequency performance are investigated by laboratory experiments. Depending on its significant advantages over the conventional voltage op amps (VOAs), without imposing any restrictions, the CFOAs have been used instead of the VOAs in SC-CNN circuit. Experimental results have shown that the proposed implementation has a capacity of higher frequency operation.
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9

Hile, Elizabeth, Leah Hoffman, Russell Postier, Kai Ding, Jingxuan Yang, and Min Li. "A pilot RCT of sarcopenia-focused prehabilitation in pancreas cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2017): TPS10127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.tps10127.

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TPS10127 Background: Now the 3rd leading cause of US cancer deaths, pancreatic cancer (PanC) incidence is rising. Surgery is the only chance at cure, but sarcopenia (low muscle mass, strength, function) can eliminate surgical and chemotherapy options, and independently predicts poor outcomes. Strengthening (Str) with protein combats sarcopenia of aging, and pre-op exercise (prehab) benefits other cancer survivors. But the impact of Str in a brief pre-Whipple window, and a host with PanC-mediated catabolism, is unknown. We aim to quantify the post-op QoL impact of adding Str to our standard clinical aerobic instruction before Whipple for pancreatic head and related cancers. Methods: Pilot RCT of 130 PanC survivors age 30+ randomized (stratified by neo-chemo) to 2 home-based prehab arms: Standard/NPRE = aerobic + protein, or Sarcopenia/SPRE = Standard + Str. To explore PanC-sarcopenia as moderating Str's impact, a 3rd pre-malignancy Whipple group (p-mal, n=50) also receives SPRE. All participants get protein and exercise instruction personalized to baseline status, adherence diaries, actigraphy, and phone follow-up in pre-op period only. Endpoints are QoL (primary) as Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT), performance as 6 Minute Walk (6MW) & Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB); and self-reported symptoms & activities of daily living (ADL). Assessments at baseline, 1-3 days pre-op, and post-op week 4 & month 4 (primary) are blind. Sarcopenia measures are clinical (dynamometry, bioimpedance, CT body composition) and preclinical (ZIP4/ catabolic mediators in blood, muscle, tumor & duodenum). Analyses: QoL change at post-op month 4 will be compared across PanC arms (SPRE & NPRE) with mixed-models before Baron-Kenny and Preacher/Hayes' mediator analyses. To explore impact of PanC catabolic host environment on Str, outcomes will be compared by SPRE group (PanC & p-mal). To our knowledge, this is the first PanC prehab RCT with sarcopenia focus, comprehensive mechanistic approach, and high dose (60 min daily)/short duration (2-3 week) intervention. With local feasibility established, we continue to accrue (n=30), and seek multicenter collaboration to target NCI funding. Clinical trial information: pending - in submission.
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10

Zhang, Wei Min, Pei Min Zhu, Xi Feng Wang, Ya Min Li, and Yong Gao. "Design of a High-Performance Programmable Filter Based on TLC7528." Advanced Materials Research 875-877 (February 2014): 2152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.875-877.2152.

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High-performance filter is the key to improving the detection accuracy of geophysical instruments. In order to achieve high-precision measurement of small signals, this paper presents a design of high-performance programmable filter based on TLC7528. The system design mainly included programmable amplifier circuit design, programmable filter circuit design, amplitude-frequency test circuit design, display circuit and the keyboard circuit design. The system used a microcontroller as the control center for system parameters setting and control, adopted analog switches and selected low-noise op amp to achieve programmable gain control, used TLC7528 to realize the filter cut off frequency adjustable by changing its internal resistance value and used the DDS chip and RMS conversion chip to design the circuit of amplitude-frequency characteristics, so as to test and analysis the signal amplitude and frequency of the system design filter. The experimental test data showed that the high performance filter has the characteristics of good linear, small voltage gain error, low power, flexibility and little environmental impact. It can significantly improve the accuracy of the geophysical detection equipment.
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11

Ma, Sheng Qian, Yan Ping Ji, Xing Ping Ran, Wei Zhao Zhang, and Yang Yang. "Design of the Voltage-Controlled Bandpass Filter Based on Current Feedback Op Amp." Advanced Materials Research 986-987 (July 2014): 1081–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.986-987.1081.

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This paper puts forward structure and realization method of the voltage-controlled band-pass filter based on the current feedback operational amplifier (CFA) which uses bi-quad loop filter circuit model to design the new filter circuit. Input voltage signal is input to voltage-controlled band-pass filter circuit composed by an analog multiplier AD835 and a current feedback operational amplifier AD8001 which are the core. Using the voltage signal to adjust the center frequency of the filter, the filter has wide frequency band and good high-frequency performance. This paper describes the design principles, infers the design formulas and designs the circuit of the voltage-controlled first-order and second-order band-pass filter.Through the simulation, the filter can realize the scope of the center frequency from 200KHz to 10MHz.
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12

SOLIMAN, AHMED M. "HISTORY AND PROGRESS OF THE KERWIN–HUELSMAN–NEWCOMB FILTER GENERATION AND OP AMP REALIZATIONS." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 17, no. 04 (August 2008): 637–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126608004551.

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The history of Kerwin–Huelsman–Newcomb (KHN) second-order filter is reviewed. A generation method of the KHN filter from passive RLC filter is presented. Two alternative forms of the KHN circuit using operational amplifier are reviewed. The effect of finite gain-bandwidth of the op amps is considered and expressions of the actual ω0 and Q are given. Two KHN circuits with inherently stable Q factor are also included. Two new partially compensated inverted KHN circuits are introduced. Active compensation methods to improve the KHN and the inverted KHN circuit performance for high Q designs are summarized. Spice simulation results are given. The progress of the KHN realizations using the current conveyor is also summarized briefly.
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13

Vereecke, Ann, Karlien Vanderheyden, Philippe Baecke, and Tom Van Steendam. "Mind the gap – Assessing maturity of demand planning, a cornerstone of S&OP." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 38, no. 8 (August 6, 2018): 1618–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-11-2016-0698.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop and empirically validate a model for assessing demand planning maturity in organisations. Design/methodology/approach The authors developed a maturity assessment model for demand planning through iterations of theoretical and empirical work, combining insights from literature and practitioners. An online survey is developed to validate the model using data from different industries. Findings The authors identify six dimensions of demand planning maturity: data management, the use of forecasting methods, the forecasting system, performance management, the organisation and people management. The empirical study indicates that demand data are well managed and organisation readiness is high, yet improvements in the forecasting system and the management of forecast performance are needed. The results show a positive relationship between the size of an organisation and its demand planning maturity. Practical implications The contribution of this work is to propose an assessment model and survey instrument for demand planning maturity. This will help the practitioner to understand the current level of maturity of the demand planning process, reflect on the desired level and develop action plans to close the gap. Originality/value There is broad literature on process maturity assessment in general and on sales and operations planning (S&OP) maturity in particular. However, there is no comprehensive model for assessing the maturity of demand planning, which is a specific and critical process within the overall S&OP process. The authors fill this gap by offering a demand planning maturity model.
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14

SOLIMAN, AHMED M. "HISTORY AND PROGRESS OF THE TOW–THOMAS BI-QUADRATIC FILTER PART I: GENERATION AND OP AMP REALIZATIONS." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 17, no. 01 (February 2008): 33–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126608004174.

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The history of Tow–Thomas second-order filter is reviewed. Two alternative generation methods of the Tow–Thomas filter are discussed. The first is a generation method from the second-order passive RLC filter and the second is from the multiple feedbacks inverting low-pass filter using a single op amp. Several forms of the circuit are briefly reviewed. Passive and active compensation methods to improve the circuit performance for high-Q designs are summarized. Spice simulation results are included.
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15

Qu, Wei, Li Mei Hou, Xiao Xin Sun, Jing Yu Sun, and Liang Yu Li. "The Design of Bandgap Reference Based on Empyrean Aether Software." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 3489–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.3489.

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A high-performance bandgap reference voltage source design method is proposed in this paper, according to the shortcomings of traditional bandgap reference voltage source. This method combined CSMC 0.35μm CMOS process with Aether software technology, enabling to improve the bandgap reference source op amp performance and take into account accuracy and stability of the system. From the experimental results: this bandgap reference voltage source output voltage has changed about 63 mV when the temperature varied from to , and the line regulator is 0.4mV/V when the power supply voltage varied from 3.2V to 3.3V. This system has advantages of high accuracy and good stability.
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16

Samadaei, Emad, Mina Iranian, Mohammad Rezanejad, Radu Godina, and Edris Pouresmaeil. "Single-Phase Active Power Harmonics Filter by Op-Amp Circuits and Power Electronics Devices." Sustainability 10, no. 12 (November 26, 2018): 4406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124406.

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This paper introduces a new structure for single-phase Active Power Harmonics Filter (APHF) with the simple and low-cost controller to eliminate harmonics and its side effects on low voltage grid. The proposed APHF includes an accurate harmonic detector circuit, amplifier circuit to trap tiny harmonics, switching driver circuit for precise synchronization, and inverter to create injection current waveform, which is extracted from reference signal. The control circuits are based on electrostatic devices consist of Op-Amp circuits. Fast dynamic, simplicity, low cost, and small size are the main features of Op-Amp circuits that are used in the proposed topology. The aim is removing the all grid harmonic orders in which the proposed APF injects an appropriate current into the grid in parallel way. The proposed control system is smart enough to compensate all range of current harmonics. A prototype is implemented in the power electronics laboratory and it is installed as parallel on a distorted grid by the non-linear load (15 APeak-Peak) to verify the compensating of harmonics. The harmonics are compensated from THD% = 24.48 to THD% = 2.86 and the non-sinusoidal waveform is renovated to sinusoidal waveform by the proposed APHF. The experimental results show a good accurate and high-quality performance.
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17

Gillison, Maura L., Robert L. Ferris, Jonathan Harris, A. Dimitrios Colevas, Loren K. Mell, Christina Kong, Richard C. Jordan, et al. "Safety and disease control achieved with the addition of nivolumab (Nivo) to chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for intermediate (IR) and high-risk (HR) local-regionally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC): RTOG Foundation 3504." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): 6073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.6073.

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6073 Background: Nivo, which inhibits the programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptor, improved survival for pts with platinum-refractory recurrent/metastatic HNSCC. A clinical trial evaluated the safety of adding nivo to 4 standard intensity modulated (chemo) radiotherapy (RT) regimens (see table) for pts with newly diagnosed IR/HR HNSCC. Primary endpoint was safety and feasibility. Methods: Eligibility included IR (p16+ oropharynx [op], T1-2N2b-N3/T3-4N0-3, >10 pack-years [pys], or T4N0-N3/T1-3N3, ≤10 pys) & HR HNSCC (oral cavity, larynx, hypopharynx, p16- op, T1-2N2a-N3/T3-4N0-3). 10 pts/arm (8 evaluable; 0-2/8 DLTs acceptable). Nivo (dose & schedule varied per arm) started 2 wks pre-RT & continued 3 months post-RT. Feasibility of adjuvant nivo months 3-12 post-RT defined as ≥4 of 8 pts/arm received 7 doses. Arm 4 limited to age ≥70, Zubrod performance status (PS) 2, CrCl <50 ml/min, grade ≥2 hearing loss or ≥ grade 3 neuropathy. Results: Characteristics of 39/40 treated pts: median age 62, 79% male, 49% PS0, 38% HR, 67% >10 pys, 62% p16+ op, 72% T3-4, 85% N2-3. Grade ≥3 nivo-related AEs: adrenal insufficiency, diarrhea-3, anemia, fatigue-2, mucositis-3, nausea, vomiting, lipase increase-6, amylase increase-2, lymphocyte/neutrophil/WBC decrease-4, hyponatremia-3, anorexia, maculo-papular rash. SAE in 4/10, 4/9, 5/10 & 4/10. DLTs, adjuvant chemo feasibility, median follow-up (mo), progression or death events per arm shown in table. Conclusions: Nivo concomitant with all (chemo)RT regimens was safe for patients with newly diagnosed IR/HR HNSCC but adjuvant nivo was infeasible after high-dose cisplatin or in cisplatin-ineligible patients ( NCT02764593 ). Preliminary data on progression/death is provided. Acknowledgements: Support for this study was provided by Bristol-Myers Squibb Company. Clinical trial information: NCT02764593. [Table: see text]
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18

Liu, Xiao Wei, Hong Lin Xu, Bing Jun Lv, Jia Jun Zhou, Song Chen, and Jian Yang. "Nonlinearity Analysis of Closed-Loop ΣΔ Micro-Mechanical Accelerometer." Key Engineering Materials 562-565 (July 2013): 380–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.562-565.380.

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A high-order interface circuit based on sigma-delta (ΣΔ) modulation is advantageous to enhance the resolution and reduce the quantization noise of micro-accelerometer, while the performance is restricted by the effect of nonlinearity of op-amp, electrostatic force feedback and quantizer. A fifth-order closed-loop ΣΔ capacitive accelerometer is proposed in this paper and a theoretic nonlinearity of the accelerometer was investigated. The nonlinear behavioral models based on SIMULINK are given in the paper. The simulation and test result are presented through optimization based on the nonlinearity analysis at last.
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19

Khatak, Anil, Manoj Kumar, and Sanjeev Dhull. "An Improved CMOS Design of Op-Amp Comparator with Gain Boosting Technique for Data Converter Circuits." Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications 8, no. 4 (September 25, 2018): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jlpea8040033.

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A modified architecture of a comparator to achieve high slew rate and boosted gain with an improvement in gain design error is introduced and investigated in this manuscript. It employs the conventional architecture of common-mode current feedback with the modified gain booster topology to increase gain, slew rate, and reduced gain error from the conventional structure. Observation from the simulation results concludes that the modified structure using 24 transistors shows power dissipation of 362.29 μW in 90 nm CMOS technology by deploying a supply voltage of 0.7 V, which is a 70% reduction as compared to the usual common mode feedback (CMFD) structure. The symmetric slew rate of 839.99 V/µs for both charging and discharging is obtained, which is 173% more than the standard CMFD structure. A reduction of 0.61% in gain error is achieved through this architecture. A SPICE simulation tool based on 90 nm CMOS technology is employed for executing the Monte Carlo simulations. A brief comparison with earlier CMFD structures shows improved performance parameters in terms of power consumption and slew rate with the reduction in gain error.
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Cao, Yi Jiang, Er Dong Zhang, Qian Cui, and Xiao Wei Liu. "Design of a High Precision Integrated Charge Detection Circuit Based on Quartz Gyroscope." Advanced Materials Research 317-319 (August 2011): 1143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.317-319.1143.

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Used Three-stage op amp to design a good performance CMOS integrated charge detection based on quartz gyroscope. In the circuit design, using the PMOS full-differential input and the folded cascade structure, through adjusting the transistor parameters to reduce noise and improve the gain; .Set each transistor’s parameters based on 0.5µm process, use H-Spice software in detection circuit and demodulation circuit for simulation, parameter adjustment and verification. The simulation results contain: the open-loop gain gets to 128.13dB, phase margin 88°, SR gets to 2V/µs, the output noise is 38nV/ at 10kHz frequency, full output swing. The simulation results of output signal show that each 5×10-15C change of input charge amount can provide about 1mV change of output voltage. The voltage signal that obtained by the demodulation circuit compares with the input angular velocity signal has a very highly linearity.
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21

Kharabsheh, Radwan, Waed Ensour, and Pavel Bogolybov. "Learning Orientation, Market Orientation and Organizational Performance: The Mediating Effect of Absorptive Capacity." Business and Economic Research 7, no. 1 (March 19, 2017): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ber.v7i1.10294.

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Purpose: this paper aims to examine the mediating effect of absorptive capacity on the the relation between two construct: learning orientation (LO) and market orientation (MO) and organizational performance (OP).Design/methodology/approach: data were gathered through field survey of 190 senior managers in manufacturing organizations in Jordan. The analysis was conducted using two-stage least squares estimators for latent variable models.Findings: Results indicate that learning orientation, market orientation and absorptive capacity all have a positive and significant effect on organizational performance. Moreover, results suggest that absorptive capacity partially mediates the relationship between learning orientation and organizational performance. This study concludes that while knowledge acquisition and values of external knowledge are important, related prior knowledge, basic skills and research and development (R&D) (absorptive capacity) are important as well. Practical implications: For managers in manufacturing organizations, the study proposes that organizations should focus on attaining high levels of Learning orientation and market orientation while also giving attention to building internal knowledge and basic skills including R&D. Originality/value: This paper is the first to examine the mediating effect of absorptive capacity on the relationship between learning orientation, market orientation and organizational performance.
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Liu, Guo Hua, and Guang Yi Wang. "An Improved SPICE Macromodel of Memristor for General Applications." Applied Mechanics and Materials 303-306 (February 2013): 1854–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.303-306.1854.

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This paper introduces an improved SPICE model of memristor using dependent sources and switches. The proposed SPICE model with two parameters in dependent current source has ideal frequency and amplitude characteristics. We simulate two circuits with memristor. The results demonstrate that the memristor can “remember” last resistance value when no current passes through it, the Amplitude Modulation (AM) circuit with memristor and op-amp is simulated under the condition of high frequency. Since the memristor has great performance in frequency there might be a possible application of the memristor to be used as modulator or demodulator in wireless communication.
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23

Klendiy, O. M. "Interpretative aspect of C. Saint‑Saëns’s piano music." Problems of Interaction Between Arts, Pedagogy and the Theory and Practice of Education 56, no. 56 (July 10, 2020): 136–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum1-56.09.

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Background, the objective of the research. From the perspective of interpretative discourse, C. Saint-Sa&#235;ns’s heritage widens the contemporary views of his performance career and explains the nature of his pianoforte mentality. Moreover, an interpretative approach is becoming an important part of its investigation methodology, which makes it possible to state the aim of the paper, which is to determine the priorities of C. Saint-Sa&#235;ns as being an outstanding virtuoso performer of his historical era (what is necessary to understand his artistic mentality). According to the aim of the paper, the following practical tasks have been solved: 1) lay down the requirements for a pianist when performing C. Saint-Sa&#235;ns’s pianoforte cycles; 2) determine the artist’s most performed solo pianoforte works nowadays (namely the cycles). The methodological basis of the research is a comprehensive approach based on the unity of historical biographical, genre-style and performance research methods that emphasize the importance of the piano work of a unique French artist for modern generations of performers. The results of the research. The analysis of the performances of young C. Saint-Sa&#235;ns has become obvious that at the beginning of his performance career, he was far from the traditional image of a pianist-virtuoso typical for the first half of the 19th century and has represented the model of a pianist-interpreter of classical music pieces, according to new cultural tendencies. In the middle of the 1860s C. Saint-Sa&#235;ns shifted his genre-style priorities in his concert performance and widened the geography of his audience outside France to Germany, England and Russia. The French virtuoso improved his repertoire by performing the works of contemporary composers. However, the tendency towards romantic repertoire did not prevent him from including of J.-Ph. Rameau’s and J. S. Bach’s works into his concert program. Beginning from the 1890s to the end of C. Saint-Sa&#235;ns’s performance career (1921), his own works made the basis of his concert programs also. Having systematized of C. Saint-Sa&#235;ns’s repertoire, four performance preferences have been distinguished: 1) interest in the works of Baroque composers and French national culture of pre-classical period; 2) returning to Viennese classicists as the basis of a pianist’s concert repertoire in the new historical era; 3) having romanticists’ works serving as the example of modern performer’s repertoire in the second half of the 19th century; 4) producing his own music pieces and transcriptions. Based on summarizing the repertoire preferences, in terms of their stylistics and the increase in the significance of the historical interpretation of other composers’ works, which can be traced in C. Saint-Sa&#235;ns’s statements and recommendations, it has been concluded that at the beginning of the 20th century his performance style corresponded to the one typical for new post-romantic performers – “interpreters-generalists” (according to O. Kandynskyi-Rybnikov, 1991). The comparison of C. Saint-Sa&#235;ns’s solo concert programs of different years and the genre and style orientation of the piano compositions created by him in the corresponding periods shows a noticeable interconnection of two major areas of his creative activity – concert and composing. In his early period, he interpreted, as a pianist, mainly the classical music pieces (especially Beethoven’s). And his own Op. 3, Bagatelli, was created under the influence of the Viennese classicism music. In his mature period (starting from the middle of the 1860s), which was connected with C. Saint-Sa&#235;ns’s concert tours outside France and the enrichment of his repertoire with the works by F. List, F. Chopin, F. Mendelssohn, R. Schumann, there was a shift of the composer’s genre and style priorities: he composed the concert etudes of the Op. 52, program pieces of the Album Op. 72. Finally, in his late period (from the 1890s), except for his own music pieces, the basis of C. Saint-Sa&#235;ns’s concert programs consists of the works of classicists. At those times, his Suite Oр. 90, Six Etudes op. 135 for left hand and Six Fugues Op. 61 were created, which shows the author’s interest in the genre models of European Baroque. The fundamental principles of C. Saint-Sa&#235;ns’s pianoforte mentality has been distinguished: virtuosity and simultaneous accuracy of applying expressive means; clarity and accuracy of instrument sound together with the delicacy and flexible manner of intoning; in terms of the interpretation of historically remote composers’ pieces (pre-classical, classical and early-romantic periods), the attempts to approximate the tone to the authentic sound pattern. Taking into account the composer’s performance style and the tasks set in the score of his works, the requirements for a pianists needed for the interpretation of C. Saint-Sa&#235;ns’s pianoforte cycles have been laid down: high level of performance technical preparation; analytical skills, wide kit of mental sound patterns that integrates the features of various historical and style eras, from Baroque to PostRomanticizm. As for the panorama of the interpretative versions of C. Saint-Sa&#235;ns’s piano works, every cycle has quite rich performance history, which is proved by numerous professional recordings. Over the last decade, more and more recordings of C. Saint-Sa&#235;ns’s pianoforte cycles have been appearing, which contributes to the popularization of the pianoforte heritage of the French artist. Most of them have been created by French pianists. However, the geography of the recordings is quite wide: Italy, the USA, Switzerland, Hungary, Austria, Russia, Germany. Unfortunately, in Ukraine the piano cycles are almost unknown and are rarely performed; there are no known audio recordings of their performance by outstanding Ukrainian pianists. Conclusion. In search of a starting point in mastering the principles of interpretation of French piano culture, the study of the creative activity by C. Saint-Sa&#235;ns today has advantages over the study of other French composers of the mid XIX – early XX century, because there is a large amount of material available that reveals its artistic, in particular performing, priorities. All the above indicates the need to popularize the piano heritage of C. Saint-Saens in the modern globalized world and proves the importance of an interpretological approach to its understanding. The latter reveals the essence of the piano style of a unique artist who, in his creative evolution, has gone from classicromantic attitudes to examples of his own nео-stylistic thinking, which dominates the art of the twentieth century.
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Rasolofondraibe, Lanto, Bernard Pottier, and Xavier Chiementin. "Designing a High-Precision AC Current Source to Measure the nm-Scale Displacements in Mechanical Systems." Journal of Sensors 2019 (April 11, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9451808.

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Measuring the dynamics of a continuously moving target, at the nanoscale level, such as of a bearing raceway or any other vibrating element, requires a contactless measurement. A mission that can be easily carried out by a capacitive probe. The current flowing through the sensor has to remain constant regardless of the changes in the sensors’ output impedance. In this manner, the voltage across the probe is proportional to the distance between the probe and the target. However, the high impedance of the probe cannot be disregarded in comparison to the output impedance of the Howland source. To overcome this problem, we designed a voltage-controlled AC current source (VCCS). The new design consists of implementing two nested loops and uses two cascaded controllers, a fast but imprecise internal control loop tuned by a slow but precise outer control loop in order to obtain a high-precision AC output current. The performance of this device has been compared with the improved quad op-amp current source (IQOA). The results obtained during the numerical validation confirm the relevance of this device.
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25

Loffredo, Elisabetta, and Nicola Senesi. "Fate of anthropogenic organic pollutants in soils with emphasis on adsorption/desorption processes of endocrine disruptor compounds." Pure and Applied Chemistry 78, no. 5 (January 1, 2006): 947–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200678050947.

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After providing a brief overview of the various phenomena that anthropogenic organic pollutants (AOPs) of various nature and origin are subjected to in soil, the paper focuses on an important class of these, the endocrine disruptor compounds (EDCs), which are hormone-like substances able to alter (i.e.) disrupt, the normal endocrine functions in animals and humans. EDCs may enter the soil through current agricultural practices andor disposal of urban and industrial effluents, sludges, and wastes. The estrogenic risk of EDCs is generally related to their distribution and speciation in the various soil phases, in which adsorption/desorption processes play a very important role. Adsorption kinetics and adsorption/desorption isotherms of the EDCs: bisphenol A (BPA), octylphenol (OP), 17-α-ethynilestradiol (EED), and 17-β-estradiol (17ED), onto four samples collected from the surface (depth 0-30 cm) and deep (depth 30-90 cm) horizons of two acidic sandy soils in Portugal (P) and Germany (G) (P30 and G30, and P90 and G90, respectively) were determined using a batch equilibrium method and the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. Adsorption of EDCs onto all soils examined occurs in two phases, a rapid one in less than 10 h of contact, and corresponding to more than 90 % of total adsorption, and a slow one that may need several hours until attainment of equilibrium. Experimental adsorption data fit best in a linear isotherm for BPA, in a nonlinear, L-shaped Freundlich isotherm for EED, in either a linear or a nonlinear Freundlich isotherm for OP, and in a Langmuir isotherm for 17ED. Thus, no limiting adsorption is observed for soils examined over the concentration range tested for BPA, OP, and EED, whereas a maximum adsorption (i.e., saturation) is reached only by 17ED. In general, the values of the Freundlich constant, K, and of the distribution coefficient, Kd, calculated from the experimental isotherms of the four EDCs onto soils examined follow the same trend, that is: G30 &gt; P30 &gt; P90 &gt; G90. Further, the K and Kd values of any EDC are positively correlated with the soil organic carbon (OC) content, which is larger for surface horizon soils than deep horizon soils. Adsorption of BPA is generally reversible, and its desorption occurs quickly and completely, thus, it is expected to move down the soil profile, and possibly contaminate the groundwater. On the contrary, OP and EED are adsorbed almost irreversibly, and are slowly and only limitedly desorbed, thus are expected to accumulate, especially in the top soil layer, and cause soil contamination.
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Oleh, Klendii. "The Semantics of Virtuosity in Genre-Stylistic System of C. Saint-Saëns’s Album for Piano op. 72." Problems of Interaction Between Arts, Pedagogy and the Theory and Practice of Education 52, no. 52 (October 3, 2019): 38–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum1-52.03.

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Background. In recent decades an intensive development of art semiotics, which contributes to the investigation of the concept of musical compositions and their functioning in performance practice, has been observed. Music semantics and performance texture are closely interrelated, since texture elements as semantic signs are able to convey the semantic expression of the language of music. Texture depends on a lot of factors. There is a strong semantic interrelation between an individual music genre and its typical texture, which has established itself in music practice and has become its distinctive feature. The typical examples are chant chords, which is a typical accompaniment of a waltz, and toccata martellato as an articulation technique. There is an interdependence of music styles and texture elements at historical, national and individual composer’s levels. For example, there is exquisite embellishment in French clavecinists’ works and Alberti bass in Viennese classics’ works. An unexpected outburst of virtuoso style in performance art has become a cultural heritage of Romantic era. In the 19th century the semantics of virtuosity, which is evident in the choice of the mediums of expression in piano works, was of significant importance more than ever before. Texture was in focus and tempo-rhythm, articulation, dynamics and agogics created tonal variations (clarity of Chopin’s jeu perl&#233;, bravura octaval passage works by Liszt). Together with the main meaning-making mechanisms of genre and style in piano works of the 21st century, there is program music. In Baroque era it was closely connected with oratory and the theory of affects. Romanticists gained a better understanding of the potential of music art as a universal language. As a result, during the last two centuries, a “dictionary” of texture semantic signs connected with program music was in the process of its creation. Its demonstrative and wide-spread example is the onomatopoeia of bells (indexical sign by V. Kholopova), which provided for using chords, a broad range of registers and polyrhythm (F. Liszt, O. Borodin, S. Rachmaninoff, C. Debussy). C. Saint-Sa&#235;ns is one of the most brilliant representatives of French piano school, who personifies the phenomenon of a “composer-virtuoso”. That is why, among all the kinds of conceptual-music and conceptual-word signs (by V. Kholopova), which make up the texture of C. Saint-Sa&#235;ns’s piano music, virtuosity signs are of great importance and their scientific apprehension reveals the principles of his piano style better. Album for piano op. 72 was written in the years of C. Saint-Sa&#235;ns’s intensive creative work as a performer and as a composer and it emphasizes the main trends in mature pianoforte mentality. Objectives. The paper covers the determination of the style basics of C. Saint-Sa&#235;ns’s piano music in terms of the influence of a virtuoso performance practice, which was developed in Western European art. Methods. Research methodology is based on the unity of style, genre, intonation and system analysis types, which highlight the significance of the piano music heritage of the great artist for contemporary performers. Results. A genre and stylistic system of the miniature cycle of Album for piano op. 72 is complex and various. There is a principle of genre interrelation, which manifests itself in the use of folk genres of Italian music culture as a national tradition of this country and the combination of prelude genres of Baroque and Romantic eras (Baroque principles of composition in creating a romantic character). The composition of Album can be roughly divided into two “small cycles”, which are characterized, first of all, by the presence of motor (motor-dance) genres in the final parts and, secondly, by the contrast in the middle part, namely a sound representing one and a cantilena one. The first cycle contains Pr&#233;lude, Carillon, and Toccata and the second one includes Valse, Chanson Napolitaine and Finale. As for the virtuosity, three main semantic complexes, through which it is manifested, can be distinguished. Their differentiation depends on the dominating expressive means. A high tempo, loud dynamics (ff, fff) and a high level of articulation clarity (non legato, marcatissimo, rinforzando) are the most significant ones in the first cycle. The second cycle is characterized by a multilayer texture with a complex metro-rhythm organization and the elements of a polyphonic notation, which compensates a medium tempo. The third complex represents the semantic values, which are opposite to the first one. They are reached due to a clear light texture, fine finger action combined with articulatory leggiero and dynamics (p, pp). C. Saint-Sa&#235;ns’s Album for piano op. 72 requires the performer to have the whole set of technical skills. The works of this cycle contain not only a creative synthesis of the piano music of Baroque, Classicism and Romantic era, which is heritable for the artist, but also new ideas of a thematic organization followed by the appearance of music impressionism stylistics in future. Conclusions. C. Saint-Sa&#235;ns’s piano music style combines the fundamentals of common European instrumental music and mental evidences of French national tradition. The main principles of the composer’s pianoforte mentality include polygenre, stylization, onomatopoeia in program music and virtuosity that were brilliantly embodied in the original authenticated forms of piano music. The virtuosity signs, which were determined in the process of the semantic analysis of Album, bring French instrumental miniature to the whole new level of artistic music creation. Being a virtuoso, C. Saint-Sa&#235;ns further developed miniature poetics, and thus, contributed to the understanding of the virtuosity style of piano music performance.
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27

Hosseinipouya, Seid Jafar, and Farhad Dastadast. "Design of a New Low Power Fully Differential Amplifier with Settling Time Enhancement Characteristics." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 24, no. 06 (May 26, 2015): 1550078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126615500784.

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High performance of fully differential operational transconductance amplifier is designed and implemented using a 0.18-μm CMOS process. The implemented op-amp uses common mode feedback (CMFB) circuit operating in weak inversion region which does not affect other electrical characteristics due to eliminating common mode (CM) levels automatically leading to improve CM rejection ratio (CMRR) of the amplifier significantly. Moreover, the output stage has class-AB operation so that its current can be made larger due to increasing the output current dynamically using adaptive biasing circuit. Additionally, the AC currents of the active loads have been significantly reduced using negative impedances to increase the gain of the amplifier. The results show the GBW 2.3 MHz, slew rate 2.6 V/μs and 1% settling time 150 ns with a capacitive load of 15 pF. This amplifier dissipates only 6.2 μW from a 1.2 V power supply.
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28

Mits, Oksana. "The genre of the piano miniature in the creative work of M. Moszkowski." Problems of Interaction Between Arts, Pedagogy and the Theory and Practice of Education 50, no. 50 (October 3, 2018): 136–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum1-50.10.

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Statement of the problem. Recently, there has been growing interest in the personality of the outstanding Polish composer, pianist, teacher and conductor M. Moszkowski (1854–1925), whose creativity occupies a significant place in the history of European musical art of the second half of the nineteenth – early twentieth centuries. The multifaceted composer’s legacy of M. Moszkowski gives a large variety of materials for researchers. His piano creativity, which encompasses composing, performing, teaching and editorial activities, is an outstanding phenomenon in the European musical culture. One of the key genres of piano music by composer is a miniature. The miniatures that were created by M. Moszkowski during his life, reflects the evolution of his individual style, clearly representing his creative method, aesthetics and piano performance features. However, the question of the genre of miniatures in the work of M. Moszkowski has not been considered by the researchers yet. Thus, there is a need for scientific analysis of M. Moszkowski’s piano miniatures in the context of the general stylistic norms of his creative work. The purpose of the article is characterization of stylistic features and attempt to classify of M. Moszkowski’s piano miniature in view of the role of this genre in the Polish composer’s creativity. Methods. The methodological basis of the study is the unity of scientific approaches, among which the most important is a functional one, associated with the analysis of the genre as a typical structure. The desire to realize the fundamental principles of scientific knowledge, comprehensiveness and concrete historical approach to the study of the target problem requires the combination of musical analysis with historical-cultural, stylistic generalizations, considering piano works by M. Moszkowski in the unity of historical, ideological, stylistic and performing problems involving the conceptual apparatus of theoretical musicology and the theory of pianism. Results. The vast majority of piano pieces by M. Moszkowski are miniatures. According to their place in the performing practice, miniatures are differentiated into concert-virtuoso, pedagogical, household directions. According to the internal genre typological features, they are divided into etudes, dance pieces (waltzes, mazurkas and polonaise serve as confirmation of the musical-historical experience of romantic composers) and others. In the palette of the latter are scherzo, capriccio, fantasia-impromptu, musical moments, arabesques, barcarole, lyrical pieces – that is, almost the whole arsenal of the most common types of miniatures of the Romantic era. The analysis of piano miniatures reveals the composer’s individual attitude to tradition, free choice of figurative and stylistic priorities by him. Under consideration are the piano cycles “Spanish dances” op. 12, “Arabesque” op. 61, the piece-fantasia “Hommage &#224; Schumann” op. 5, Suite for 4 hands “From all over the World op. 23” and other miniatures that were creating throughout the life of the composer. These samples of the salon style of the late XIX century became a kind of generalization of creative searches of the previous constellation of composers – salon performers. Throughout his life, M. Moszkowski repeatedly turns to ancient forms and finds for creation of his miniatures an entirely new impulse: the small forms of the Baroque age. By rethinking, “romanticizing” them, the composer creates his own modifications of the genre models of ancient music in such works as “Canon” (op.15, op. 81, op. 83), “Rococo” op. 36, “Burre” op. 38, “Siciliana” op. 42, “Gavotte” (op. 43, op. 86), “Fugue” op. 47, “Sarabande” op. 56, “Prelude and Fugue” op. 85, as well as numerous “Minuets”. The latter carry out the traits of the aesthetics of the gallant style. Since 1900, Moszkowski prefers etudes. The arsenal of techniques he uses in these works is rich and diverse and emphasizes the artistic qualities of these compositions. Sometimes Moszkowski interprets the genre of the etude very freely: as a substitute for another genre (“Two miniatures” op. 67), as part of the cycle-diology (“Etude-Caprice” and “Improvisation”, op. 70), etc. Modern pianists seldom perform the piano music by Moszkowski. At the same time, the pieces represent a very interesting material that clearly reflects the originality of the musical language of the late romantic pianists, to which Moszkowski belonged. Perhaps, performers confused by the overload of musical material with various technical difficulties. The composer used a wide range of romantic pianistic means. The typical stylistic feature of his music is improvisation, based on the tradition of a brilliant piano style of performance with a romantically impulsive change in emotional states. The performance seems to be more unattainable, because the composer’s bold innovation in virtuoso texture is combined with a refined romantic manner of writing. This circumstance explains the fact that the works by Moszkowski were forgotten for many years. And only now, at the beginning of the twenty-first century, when many values and priorities are revised, art salon style and Moszkowski’s compositions are becoming of great interest. Conclusions. The piano “workshop of miniatures” is the most important component of the composer’s legacy of M. Moszkowski, reflecting the peculiarity of the author’s aesthetic position – cultivating a positive mood, elegance, refinement, virtuosity as signs of ownership of the instrument. It is these aesthetic principles – the feeling of Beauty as preciosity, delicacy, non-conflict state of reality – formed his attitude to the genre of miniatures. M. Moszkowski’s piano miniatures marked by the features of virtuoso style creating associations with the music of F. Chopin and R. Schumann. Chopin’s influences can be traced in the choice of genres of miniatures – among them there are waltzes, polonaises, impromptu, etudes, scherzo and barcaroles. However, for M. Moszkowski, as a composer of Polish origin, was simply necessary to be “native” to the musical heritage of F. Chopin. At the same time, the “similarity” of certain techniques to Chopin’s in the piano works by Moszkowski, always appears in the updated version without duplicating the original sources. The influence of R. Schumann is manifested in the dominance of melodious lyric and playful scherzo’s spheres, the tendency toward the characteristic images and the cycling of pieces, often combined with a certain artistic idea, specified by the programmatic subtitles or by the suite principle. Moszkowski’s piano works are perfect in a form, in possessing of specifics of the piano texture and the richness of figurative thinking. Moszkowski’s miniatures represent a very high level of piano skills, technically, they often require the ability to have a good command of the instrument, but technical difficulties submit to a vivid, meaningful image. Piano miniatures by M. Moszkowski became a significant contribution to the development of Western European art of the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The numerous piano pieces by the composer, distinguished by high artistic qualities, today should rightfully take a worthy place in the concert practice of modern pianists.
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Miao, Kevin, Justice Dahle, Sasha Yousefi, Bilwa Buchake, Parambir Kaur, Anobel Y. Odisho, Pelin Cinar, and Julian C. Hong. "Machine learning-based approach to the risk assessment of potentially preventable outpatient cancer treatment-related emergency care and hospitalizations." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 28_suppl (October 1, 2021): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.39.28_suppl.333.

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333 Background: Patients undergoing outpatient infusion chemotherapy for cancer are at risk for potentially preventable, unplanned acute care in the form of emergency department (ED) visits and hospital admissions. This can impact outcomes, patient decisions, and costs to the patient and healthcare system. To address this need, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services developed the Chemotherapy Measure (OP-35). Recent randomized controlled data indicate that electronic health record (EHR)-based machine learning (ML) approaches accurately direct supportive care to reduce acute care during radiotherapy. As this may extend to systemic therapy, this study aims to develop and evaluate ML approaches to predict the risk of OP-35 qualifying, potentially preventable acute care within 30 days of infusional systemic therapy. Methods: This study included data from UCSF cancer patients receiving infusional chemotherapy from July 1, 2017, to February 11, 2021, (total 7,068 patients over 84,174 treatments). The data incorporated into the ML included 430 EHR-derived variables, including cancer diagnosis, therapeutic agents, laboratory values, vital signs, medications, and encounter history. Three ML approaches were trained to predict an OP-35 acute care risk following a systemic therapy infusion with least absolute shrinkage selection operator (LASSO), random forest, and gradient boosted trees (GBT; XGBoost) approaches. The models were trained on a subset (75% of patients; before October 12, 2019) of the dataset and validated on a mutually exclusive subset (25% patients; after October 12, 2019) based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration plots. Results: There were 1,651 total acute care visits (244 ED visits and 1,407 ED visits converted into hospitalization); 1,310 infusions included a qualifying acute care visit (200 with ED visits only, 0 direct hospital admissions, and 1,110 with both ED visit and hospitalization). Each ML approach demonstrated good performance in the internal validation cohort, with GBT (AUC 0.805) outpacing the random forest (0.750) and LASSO logistic regression (0.755) approaches. Visualization of calibration plots verified concordance between predicted and observed rates of acute care. All three models shared patient age and days elapsed since last treatment as important contributors. Conclusions: EHR-based ML approaches demonstrate high predictive ability for OP-35 qualifying acute care rates on a per-infusion basis, identifying 30-day potentially preventable acute care risk for patients undergoing chemotherapy. Prospective validation of these models is ongoing. Early prediction can facilitate interventional strategies which may reduce acute care, improve health outcomes, and reduce costs.
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Majerus, Steve J. A., Daniel T. Goff, and Walter Merrill. "A 200 °C Motor Control ASIC." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2014, HITEC (January 1, 2014): 000159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/hitec-wa15.

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A custom application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) has been designed for positional control of brushless DC or servo motors in high-temperature (&gt;200 °C) environments. Applications would include valve and position control for aerospace and industrial systems. Patented high-temperature circuit design techniques facilitate hightemperature operation from a conventional, low-cost, 0.5-micron bulk CMOS foundry process. The ASIC is highly integrated to enable software- and processor-free local control of motor position, and uses external power MOSFETs for motor commutation. Motor position can be controlled in open- or closed-loop modes with an integrated rotational variable displacement transformer (RVDT) direct digital synthesis (DDS) waveform generator, rail-to-rail op-amp driver and demodulation circuit. The ASIC can accept both analog (0–10 V) or digital (SPI bus) position setpoint commands from an external controller. Motor position is indicated by both analog and digital output signals. The full-scale displacement of the controlled motor is programmable from 5 to 8 bits of resolution, permitting 32–256 positions of control. Safety features such as a 500-ms power-on delay, overtemperature and motor overcurrent detection, and control signal undervoltage lockout were included to minimize the need for external control. ASIC bench-test results confirmed circuit functionality at ambient temperatures up to 225 °C using room-temperature power MOSFETs and motor load. ASIC performance at the 8-bit level was demonstrated, although the clock oscillator frequency shifted by about 15% over the full temperature range. Control of the motor at 200 °C was also demonstrated, although moderate loss of motor holding torque was observed due to internal heat generation in the motor. The ASIC was combined with commercially-available off-the-shelf high-temperature components on a printed wiring board (PWB) to form a compact (4 × 3.5 inch) motor control demonstration system capable of prolonged operation at temperatures beyond 200 °C. Environmental and long-term testing of the PWB is planned to demonstrate system reliability.
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31

Yasir, Mohd, and Naushad Alam. "Design of CNTFET-Based CCII Using gm/ID Technique for Low-Voltage and Low-Power Applications." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 29, no. 09 (November 27, 2019): 2050143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126620501431.

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This paper introduces for the first time all the steps required in the optimal design of carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNTFET)-based second generation current conveyor (CCII) using transconductance-to-drain current ratio ([Formula: see text]) technique for low-voltage (LV) and low-power (LP) applications. The [Formula: see text] technique is a well-established methodology for CMOS analog IC design. However, the difference between CMOS and CNTFET is that CMOS has continuous width while the width of CNTFET is discrete and depends on different parameters like the number of tubes, pitch and diameter ([Formula: see text]) of the carbon nanotube (CNT). Therefore, there is a need for a design technique by which one can easily design analog circuits using CNTFETs. The CCII is based on two-stage op-amp and two inverters used as class AB amplifiers. The performance of CCII has been extensively examined in terms of DC, AC and transient responses of node voltages, branch currents and node impedances using HSPICE simulations. The CCII operates at [Formula: see text]0.5[Formula: see text]V and has 172[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]W of power consumption. The designed CCII provides very high 3-dB bandwidth (BW) for current gain ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]GHz as well as voltage gain ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]GHz.
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32

Cooper, Laura E., Phillip Kemp Bohan, Sean E. Christy, Javier A. Chapa, Rodney K. Chan, and Anders H. Carlsson. "139 Topical Exogenous Nutrient and Saline Supplementation to Improve Skin Graft Survival: From Lab to Operating Room." Journal of Burn Care & Research 42, Supplement_1 (April 1, 2021): S93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/irab032.143.

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Abstract Introduction Skin grafting of poorly vascularized wound beds, (e.g. exposed fascia, tendon, or bone) is often a multi-stage procedure, resulting in persistent open wounds and long-term complications such as scarring and contracture. Single-stage skin replacement could mitigate these downsides. Here we present the addition of topical nutrients and negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) + saline instill to improve graft take, and a case report of treatment of a non-healing wound in a single-stage procedure. Methods Ex vivo, STSGs (12/1000ths in) were harvested from swine (Sus scrofa domestica) post-euthanasia and transferred into wells with distilled water, PBS, Tyrode’s Buffer, high (4.5g/L) and low (2g/L) glucose DMEM, EpiLife, or William’s E (WE) media for 7 days, followed by performance of biochemical analyses and immunohistochemistry. In vivo, 20 full-thickness 5cm-diameter excisional wounds on the dorsum of two anesthetized swine were treated with dermal substitutes (DS, 0.4mm, 0.8mm, 1.2mm, or 1.6mm thickness), STSG, and NPWT with or without intermittent saline instill (3x daily, 300mL, 15-minute soak). Re-epithelialization was assessed at day 7 and 14. Lastly, a chronic 800cm2 left knee wound was treated with NPWT + instill (every 3.5 hours, 80mL, 10-minute soak, 3-day duration) over a 12/1000ths inch STSG. Results DMEM with high glucose (DMEM-HG) and WE produced the most lactic acid and enzymatic carbonate. Lactate dehydrogenase activity was lowest with WE. DMEM-HG had the highest glucose consumption but the most unconsumed glucose, with WE resulting in the next highest amount. Immunohistochemistry showed DMEM-HG or WE had the most dividing and least dying cells. In the porcine model, DS of 0.8mm, 1.2mm, and 1.6mm thicknesses inhibited graft take significantly (p&lt; 0.01, p=0.02, p&lt; 0.01, respectively) for all NPWT alone wounds. Addition of saline instill showed significant improvement in graft take (p=0.03) for 0.8mm DS wounds. 1.2mm and 1.6mm DS wounds continued to show significantly decreased graft take (p=0.03 and p=0.02, respectively). All 0.4mm DS wounds performed similar to control. Clinically, following NPWT removal on post-op day 3, almost complete STSG take was observed without exudate, pus, or malodor within the wound bed. Conclusions While additional studies are ongoing to determine the optimal nutrient supplementation, WE performed the best overall thus far. In vivo, 0.8mm DS created a successful model of a poorly vascularized wound bed, as NPWT + instill overcame this thickness. The novel use of NPWT + instill treatment over STSG clinically shows promise to improve graft take in the future.
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Dyukanov, P. A., S. V. Korneev, V. S. Pankov, D. V. Sidorov, V. F. Sinkevich, and S. V. Trunov. "STRUCTURAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL CONTROL IN THE DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING OF SILICON OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS TO ENSURE THE REQUIRED LEVEL OF RADIATION HARDNESS DURING THE EXPOSURE TO HIGH-ENERGY PARTICLES OF OUTER SPACE." Electronic engineering Series 2 Semiconductor devices, 2020, 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.36845/2073-8250-2020-256-1-33-39.

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The article presents the results of performance testing of radiation-hardened operational amplifier with voltage feedback and a “Rail-to-Rail” output when exposed to γ-irradiation, as well as testing when exposed to high-energy particles. The Op-Amp operation was simulated in a research mode. Certain measures are proposed to increase the level of radiation hardness of electronic products containing integrated MOS-capacitors to the effects of high-energy particles of outer space.
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"Design of PMOS and NMOS Input Folded Cascode Amplifier using 180nm SCL Technology Node for Low Power Application." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 9, no. 4 (February 10, 2020): 1372–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.d1624.029420.

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This paper presents the details design and simulation of the Folded Cascode amplifier using Source-Coupled-Logic (SCL) technology node for both the P-Type Metal Oxide Semiconductor (PMOS) and N-Type Metal Oxide Semiconductor (NMOS) input. The different way to implement the circuit design for a given specification has clearly described including all the design equation has been presented. All the parameter like open loop gain, Unity Gain Bandwidth (UGB) and Phase Margin (PM) are compared for both the NMOS and PMOS input fully differential folded cascode op-amp circuit are discussed and finally we have got after performance analysis that NMOS input fully differential folded cascode op-amp is the best choice for low power high speed application like in pipeline Analog to Digital (ADC). The circuit has been simulated using cadence virtuoso tool in 0.18µm SCL technology node.
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Kaushik, Roohie, Jasdeep Kaur, and Anushree Anushree. "Design of folded cascode op amp and its application – bandgap reference circuit." Circuit World ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (March 29, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cw-10-2019-0137.

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Purpose Reference voltage or current generators are an important requirement for an analog or digital circuit design. Bandgap reference circuits (BGR) are most common way of generating the reference voltage. This paper aims to provide a detailed insight of design of a folded cascode operational amplifier (FC op amp) and a BGR circuit. The complete study flow from design to layout of the circuits on 180 nm semiconductor laboratory (SCL) process leading to bonding diagram for possible tape-out is discussed. This study work has been supported by MeitY, Govt. of India, through Special Manpower Development Project Chip to System Design. Design/methodology/approach This paper provides a detailed insight in design of a FC op amp and a BGR circuit. The complete study flow from design to layout of the two circuits on 180 nm SCL process leading to bonding diagram for possible tape-out is discussed. Section 2 shows the design of FC op amp, beta-multiplier circuit and their simulation results. Section 3 describes the comparison of design of conventional BGR and the proposed BGR with other state-of-art BGR circuits. Section 4 gives the comparison of their performance. The conclusion is given in Section 5. Findings The post-layout simulation of FC op amp show an open-loop gain of 64.5 dB, 3-dB frequency of 5.5 KHz, unity-gain bandwidth of 8.7 MHz, slew rate of 8.4 V/µs, CMRR of 111 dB and power of 25.5µW. Among the two BGR designs, the conventional BGR generated 693 mV of reference voltage with a temperature coefficient of 16 ppm/°C the other BGR, with curvature correction generated 1.3 V of reference voltage with a temperate coefficient of 6.3 ppm/°C , both results in temperature ranging from −40°C to 125°C. The chip layout of the circuits designed on 180 nm SCL process ensures design rule check (DRC), Antenna and layout versus schematic (LVS) clean with metal fill. Research limitations/implications Slew rate, stability analysis, power are important parameters which should be taken care while designing an op amp for a BGR. Direct current gain should be kept higher to reduce offset errors. Input common mode range is decided by the operating temperature range. A higher power supply rejection ratio will reduce BGR sensitivity to supply voltage variations. Input offset should be kept low to reduce BGR error in reference voltage. However, this paper emphasis on the flow from schematic to layout using simulation tools. As part of the study, the bonding diagram for tape-out of BGR and FC design in the given SCL frame size with seal ring is also explored, for possible tape-out. Practical implications Reference voltage or current generators are an important requirement for an analog or digital circuit design. BGR are most common way of generating the reference voltage. This paper provides a detailed insight in design of a FC op amp and a BGR circuit. The complete study flow from design to layout of the circuits on 180 nm SCL process leading to bonding diagram for possible tape-out is discussed. The chip layout of the circuits was designed on 180 nm SCL process ensuring DRC, antenna and LVS clean with metal fill using Cadence virtuoso and Mentor Graphics Calibre simulation tools. Social implications BGR are most common way of generating the reference voltage. This paper gives a detailed insight of a BGR design using a folded-cascode operational amplifier. The FC op amp is biased using a beta multiplier circuit and high-swing cascode current mirror circuit. The paper discuss FC circuit design flow from schematic to layout. Originality/value FC op amp is biased using a beta multiplier circuit and high-swing cascode current mirror. The paper discusses FC design flow from schematic to layout. The circuits were designed on 180 nm SCL technology with 1.8 V of power supply. The post-layout simulation show an open-loop gain of 64.5 dB, 3 dB frequency of 5.5 KHz, unity-gain bandwidth of 8.7 MHz, slew rate of 8.4 V/µs, CMRR of 111 dB and power of 25.5 µW. BGR were designed using FC op amp. The proposed BGR generated 1.3 V of reference voltage with a temperature coefficient of 6.3 ppm/°C in the range from −40°C to 125°C in schematic simulation.
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Agarwal, Neeru, Neeraj Agarwal, and Chih-Wen Lu. "A Compact High-Performance 10-bit 30-Channel OLED Driver Using Switched Capacitor Circuit for High-Linearity Application." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers, August 23, 2021, 2250013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021812662250013x.

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This work proposes a new OLED driver architecture with 10-bit segmented DAC and switched capacitor multiply-by-two circuit application. A 30-channel 10-bit switched capacitor driver chip prototype is implemented in 0.18-[Formula: see text]m CMOS technology. In this architecture, the achieved output range is 1.5–4.8[Formula: see text]V for an input range of 1.5–3.15[Formula: see text]V, which is suitable for OLED driver with different colors. This architecture is not only converting the digital input signal to analog output for the display panel but also giving amplified high output voltage range. In the segmented DAC, 6-bit coarse DAC and 4-bit fine DAC are used for the input voltage range 1.5–3.15[Formula: see text]V. In a conventional RDAC for the output voltage of 4.8[Formula: see text]V, it requires 2[Formula: see text] switches i.e., 14-bit RDAC for the same resolution. Hence, conventional RDAC driver is four times larger than the proposed innovative very compact and high speed 10-bit segmented DAC switched capacitor OLED driver. The new architecture drastically reduces the number of switches and complex metal routing which results in reduced power consumption and good settling time. In the proposed OLED driver, no extra buffer is required as switched capacitor op-amp is applied for the same purpose with a gain of more than one. This high-resolution design with small die area also improves the linearity and uniformity with low-power consumption. The post-simulated results show that the OLED driver exhibits the maximum DNL and INL of 0.03 LSB and [Formula: see text]0.06 LSB, respectively, with an LSB voltage of 3[Formula: see text]mV. The one-channel area is 0.586[Formula: see text]mm [Formula: see text] 0.017[Formula: see text]mm and the settling time is 4.25[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]s for 30[Formula: see text]k[Formula: see text] and 30[Formula: see text]pF driving load.
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Kline, Ronald M., Sibel Blau, Nikolas R. Buescher, Amy R. Ellis, J. Russell Hoverman, Randall A. Oyer, Lalan S. Wilfong, and Gabrielle B. Rocque. "Secret Sauce—How Diverse Practices Succeed in Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Oncology Care Model." JCO Oncology Practice, August 18, 2021, OP.21.00165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/op.21.00165.

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PURPOSE: CMS' Oncology Care Model (OCM) is an episode-based alternative payment model designed to incent high-value care through the use of monthly payments for enhanced services and performance-based payments on the basis of decreases in spending compared with risk-adjusted historical benchmarks. Transitioning from a fee-for-service model to a value-based, alternative payment model in oncology can be difficult; some practices will perform better than others. We present detailed experiences of four successful OCM practices, each operating under diverse business models and in different geographic areas. METHODS: Practices that achieved success in OCM, on the basis of financial metrics, describe pathways to success. The practices represent distinct business models: a medium-sized community oncology practice, a large statewide community oncology practice, a hospital-affiliated practice, and a large academic medical center. RESULTS: Practices describe effective changes in practice culture such as new administrative flexibilities, physician champions, improved communication, changes in physician compensation, and increased physician-level transparency. New or improved clinical services include acute care clinics, care coordination, phone triage, end-of-life care programs, and adoption of treatment pathways that identify high-value drug use, including better use of supportive care drugs. CONCLUSION: There is no one thing that will ensure success in OCM. Success requires whole practice transformation, encompassing both administrative and clinical changes. Communication between administrative and clinical teams is vital, along with improved data sharing and transparency. Clinical support services must expand to manage problems and symptoms in a timely way to prevent costly emergency department visits and hospitalizations, while constant attention must be paid to making high-value therapeutic choices in both oncolytic and supportive drug categories.
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Nhung, Pham Thi Tuyet. "Adequacy in Faculty Standards in U.S. Regional Accreditation Commissions." VNU Journal of Science: Education Research, April 5, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25073/2588-1159/vnuer.4183.

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This literature review addresses five themes that inform the faculty adequacy standards established by U.S. regional accreditation commissions and provides information about faculty credentials, the relationship between institutional missions and faculty responsibilities; full-time, part-time and contingent faculty; faculty responsibilities, and faculty in disciplinary-based accreditation. This review of literature supports institutions’ responses to the standards for adequacy of full-time faculty in six U.S. regional accreditation commissions. The study’s findings may provide common themes related to faculty adequacy to facilitate the institutions’ definitions and standards for faculty adequacy. The results might inform regional accreditors as they evaluate institutions on this standard. Finally, this study may be of interest to accreditors in other countries as they develop and revise their standards related to faculty adequacy. Keywords Faculty adequacy, accreditation standards, U.S. regional accreditation commissions References [1] Middaugh, M. F. (2002). Faculty productivity: Different strategies for different audiences. Planning For Higher Education, 30(3), 34-43[2] Tincher-Ladner, L., & King, S. (2014). Effects of regional accreditation of full-time faculty on community college graduation rates. Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 38, 947-950.[3] Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities (NWCCU) (2012). Accreditation standards. Retrieved from http://www.nwccu.org/accreditation/standards-policies/standards/[4] Middle States Commission on Higher Education (MSCHE) (2015). Standards for accreditation and requirements of affiliation ( 13th ed). [5] North Central Association of Colleges and Schools-The Higher Learning Commission (NCA-HLC) (2015). Resource guide: Criteria for accreditation and assumed practices.[6] New England Association of Schools and Colleges Commission on Institutions of Higher Education (NEASC-CIHE) (2011). The standards for accreditation. [7] Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges (2011). Faculty roster: Instructions for reporting the qualifications of full-time and part-time faculty. [8] WASC Senior College and University Commission (WSCUC) (2013). Handbook of Accreditation. Retrieved at https://www.wscuc.org/book/export/html/924[9] Cohen, A. & Kisker C. (2010). The shaping of American higher education (2nd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.[10] Faireweather.J. (2002). The mythologies of faculty productivity. The Journal of Higher Education. 73(1). 26-48[11] Townsend, B. K. (2008). Community college faculty what we know and need to know. Community College Review. 36 (1). 5-24. [12] National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education. (2003). Federal programs for education and related activities. In Digest of Education Statistics (Chap. 4). Retrieved from the National Center for Education Statistics Web site: http://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d10/tables/dt10_261.asp[13] Middaugh, M. F.(2001). Understanding faculty productivity: Standards and benchmarks for colleges and universities. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.[14] Texas Tech University (2006). Faculty responsibility (OP 32.06). Retrieved from http://www.depts.ttu.edu/opmanual/OP32.06.pdf[15] South Plains College (2015). Faculty Handbook. Retrieved from http://www.southplainscollege.edu/employees/manualshandbooks/facultyhandbook.php[16] North Central Association of Colleges and Schools-The Higher Learning Commission (HLC) (2015). Determining qualified faculty through HLC’s criteria for accreditation and assumed practices. Retrieved at https://www.lssu.edu/hlc/documents/QualifiedFacultyGuidelines_2015-08_OPB.pdf[17] Chaden, C. (2013). Engaging faculty in retention: Finding traction through accreditation. New Directions for Higher Education, (161), 91-100. doi: 10.1002/he.20049[18] Williams, T. S. (2011). The unknowning knowers: Faculty and the accreditation process. (Doctoral Dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Full Text (Order No. 3476398).[19] Townsend, B.K & Rosser, V.J (2007). Workload issues and measures of faculty productivities. The NEA Higher Education Journal. 7-19[20] Middaugh, M. F. (2011). Measuring faculty productivity: Let's get it right. Chronicle of Higher Education, 58(2), A43-A44.[21] Middaugh, M. F., Kelly, H. A., & Walters, A. M. (2008). The role of institutional research in understanding and describing faculty work. New Directions for Higher Education, (141), 41-56. doi:10.1002/he.292[22] Maxey, D. D., & Kezar, A. K. (2015). Revealing opportunities and obstacles for changing non-tenure-track faculty practices: An examination of stakeholders' awareness of institutional contradictions. Journal of Higher Education, 86(4), 564-594.[23] Marsh, F. K. (2010). High performance team: Building a business program with part- and full-time faculty. Journal of Education for Business, 85(4), 187-194. doi:10.1080/08832320903252421[24] Elman, S. E. (2003). A regional accreditation perspective on contingent faculty appointments. New Directions for Higher Education, (123), 71.[25] Gerlich, R. N., & Sollosy, M. (2010). Predicting assessment outcomes: The effect of full-time and part-time faculty. Journal of Case Studies in Accreditation and Assessment, 1-9[26] Speer, C. N. (2013). Perceptions of employment and use of part-time faculty among chief instructional officers at southern association of colleges and schools-accredited public associate's colleges. (Doctoral Dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Full Text. (Order No. 3612131)[27] Hedrick, D. D., Henson, S. E., Krieg, J. M., & Wassell Jr., C. S. (2010). The effects of AACSB accreditation on faculty salaries and productivity. Journal of Education for Business, 85(5), 284-291. doi:10.1080/08832320903449543[28] Bell, R. L., & Joyce, M. P. (2011). Comparing business faculty's salaries by rank and gender: Does AACSB accreditation really make a difference? Academy of Educational Leadership Journal, 15(2), 19-40.[29] Koys, D. J. (2008). Judging academic qualifications, professional qualifications, and participation of faculty using AACSB guidelines. Journal of Education for Business, 83(4), 207-213.[30] Boronico, J., Murdy, J., & Kong, X. (2014). Faculty sufficiency and AACSB accreditation compliance within a global university: A mathematical modeling approach. American Journal of Business Education, 7(3), 213-218. [31] Bộ Giáo dục và Đào tạo (2014). Thông thư số 36/2014/TTLT-BGDĐT-BNV ngày 28/11/2014 về Quy định mã số và tiêu chuẩn chức danh nghề nghiệp viên chức giảng dạy trong các cơ sở giáo dục đại học công lập. [32] Chính Phủ (2015). Nghị định chính phủ số 73/2015/NĐ-CP ngày 08/09/2015 về Quy định tiêu chuẩn phân tầng, khung xếp hạng và tiêu chuẩn xếp hạng cơ sở giáo dục đại học. [33] Cục quản lý chất lượng (2018). Thông thư số 768/QLCL-KĐCLGD ngày 20/04/2018 về Hướng dẫn đánh giá theo bộ tiêu chuẩn đánh giá chất lượng cơ sỏ giáo dục đại học.
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Rivera-Caravaca, JM, O. Piot, I. Roldan-Rabadan, A. Denis, M. Anguita, J. Mansourati, E. Marijon, et al. "A validation of the 4S-AF scheme in Spanish and French patients from the EORP-AF Long-Term General Registry." EP Europace 23, Supplement_3 (May 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/europace/euab116.298.

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Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Other. Main funding source(s): Abbott Vascular Int. (2011–2014), Amgen Cardiovascular (2009–2018), AstraZeneca (2014–2017), Bayer AG (2009–2018), Boehringer Ingelheim (2009–2019), Boston Scientific (2009–2012), The Bristol Myers Squibb and Pfizer Alliance (2011–2016), The Alliance Daiichi Sankyo Europe GmbH and Eli Lilly and Company (2011–2017), Edwards (2016–2019), Gedeon Richter Plc. (2014–2017), Menarini Int. Op. (2009–2012), MSD-Merck & Co. (2011–2014), Novartis Pharma AG (2014–2017), ResMed (2014–2016), Sanofi (2009–2011), SERVIER (2009–2018). The Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET), conducting the registry in Germany, received support from The Bristol Myers Squibb/Pfizer Alliance (2014–2018) and the German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK). Funding from Daiichi-Sankyo and Boehringer-Ingelheim have been received for conducting the registry in Spain. Funding from BMS-Pfizer Alliance was received to support the programme in France Background The 4S-AF scheme (Stroke risk, Symptom severity, Severity of atrial fibrillation [AF] burden, Substrate severity) has recently been described as a novel approach to in-depth characterization of AF, and included in the 2020 European Society of Cardiology guidelines for the management of AF. Purpose In the present study, we validated for the first time the 4S-AF scheme in the Spanish and French cohorts of the EurObservational Research Programme (EORP)-AF Long-Term General Registry. Methods The Spanish and French cohorts of the EORP-AF Long-Term General Registry, were merged and included. The baseline 4S-AF scheme was calculated as follows: Symptom severity (according to EHRA symptom score: 0-2 points), Severity of AF burden (according to AF type: 0-3 points), Substrate severity (according to comorbidities/cardiovascular risk factors: 0-7 points); and related to the primary management strategy (rhythm or rate control). According to the results for these 3 domains, four code colors have been defined. Patients with all domains in "green" should be managed by rhythm control. In patients with one domain in "yellow" or two domains in "green" categories, rhythm control can be attempted. On contrary, for patients with "red" color category, the 4S-AF scheme suggests a rate control strategy. All-cause mortality and the composite of ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack/systemic embolism, major bleeding and all-cause death, were the primary endpoints. These outcomes were recorded during 1-year of follow-up. Results 1479 patients (36.9% females, median age of 72 [IQR 64-80] years) were included (Table 1). The median 4S-AF scheme score was 5 (IQR 4-7). The 4S-AF scheme, as continuous and as categorical, was associated with the management strategy decided for the patient (both p &lt; 0.001). The predictive performances of the 4S-AF scheme for the actual management strategy were appropriate in its continuous (C-index: 0.77, 95% CI 0.75-0.80) and categorical (C-index: 0.75, 95% CI 0.72-0.78) forms (Figure 1A). Cox regression analyses showed that patients classified as "red" category in the 4S-AF scheme had higher risk of all-cause death (adjusted HR 1.75, 95% CI 1.02-2.99) and composite outcomes (adjusted HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.05-2.44) (Figure 1B). Thus, patients for who the 4S-AF scheme suggests that may be managed by rhythm control (recommended or considered) had a significantly lower risk of these events. Conclusion Characterization of AF by using the 4S-AF scheme may aid in identifying AF patients that would be managed by rhythm or rate control, and could also help in identifying high-risk AF patients for worse clinical outcomes in a ‘real-world’ setting. Abstract Table 1 and Figures 1A-1B
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Thomas, Peter. "Anywhere But the Home: The Promiscuous Afterlife of Super 8." M/C Journal 12, no. 3 (July 15, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.164.

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Consumer or home use (previously ‘amateur’) moving image formats are distinguished from professional (still known as ‘professional’) ones by relative affordability, ubiquity and simplicity of use. Since Pathé Frères released its Pathé Baby camera, projector and 9.5mm film gauge in 1922, a distinct line of viewing and making equipment has been successfully marketed at nonprofessional use, especially in the home. ‘Amateur film’ is a simple term for a complex, variegated and longstanding set of activities. Conceptually it is bounded only by the negative definition of nonprofessional (usually intended as sub-professional), and the positive definition of being for the love of the activity and motivated by personal passion alone. This defines a field broad enough that two major historians of US amateur film, Patricia R. Zimmermann and Alan D. Kattelle, write about different subjects. Zimmermann focuses chiefly on domestic use and ‘how-to’ literature, while Kattelle unearths the collective practices and institutional structure of the Amateur Ciné Clubs and the Amateur Ciné League (Zimmerman, Reel Families, Professional; Kattelle, Home Movies, Amateur Ciné). Marion Norris Gleason, a test subject in Eastman Kodak’s development of 16mm and advocate of amateur film, defined it as having three parts, the home movie, “the photoplay produced by organised groups”, and the experimental film (Swanson 132). This view was current at least until the 1960s, when domestic documentation, Amateur Ciné clubs and experimental filmmakers shared the same film gauges and space in the same amateur film magazines, but paths have diverged somewhat since then. Domestic documentation remains committed to the moving image technology du jour, the Amateur Ciné movement is much reduced, and experimental film has developed a separate identity, its own institutional structure, and won some legitimacy in the art world. The trajectory of Super 8, a late-coming gauge to amateur film, has been defined precisely by this disintegration. Obsolescence was manufactured far more slowly during the long reign of amateur film gauges, allowing 9.5mm (1922-66), 16mm (1923-), 8mm (1932-), and Super 8 (1965-) to engage in protracted format wars significantly longer than the life spans of their analogue and digital video successors. The range of options available to nonprofessional makers – the quality but relative expense of 16mm, the near 16mm frame size of 9.5mm, the superior stability of 8mm compared to 9.5mm and Super 8, the size of Super 8’s picture relative to 8mm’s – are not surprising in the context of general competition for a diverse popular market on the usual basis of price, quality, and novelty. However, since analogue video’s ascent the amateur film gauges have all comprehensibly lost the battle for the home use market. This was by far the largest section of amateur film and the manufacturers’ overt target segment, so the amateur film gauges’ contemporary survival and significance is as something else. Though all the gauges from 8mm to 16mm remain available today to the curious and enthusiastic, Super 8’s afterlife is distinguished by the peculiar combination of having been a tremendously popular substandard to the substandard (ie, to 16mm, the standardised film gauge directly below 35mm in both price and quality), and now being prized for its technological excellence. When the large scale consumption that had supported Super 8’s manufacture dropped away, it revealed the set of much smaller, apparently non-transferable uses that would determine whether and as what Super 8 survived. Consequently, though Super 8 has been superseded many times over as a home movie format, it is not obsolete today as an art medium, a professional format used in the commercial industry, or as an alternative to digital video and 16mm for low budget independent production. In other words, everything it was never intended to be. I lately witnessed an occasion of the kind of high-fetishism for film-versus-video and analogue-versus-digital that the experimental moving image world is justifiably famed for. Discussion around the screening of Peter Tscherkassky’s films at the Xperimenta ‘09 festival raised the specifics and availability of the technology he relies on, both because of the peculiarity of his production method – found-footage collaging onto black and white 35mm stock via handheld light pen – and the issue of projection. Has digital technology supplied an alternative workflow? Would 35mm stock to work on (and prints to pillage) continue to be available? Is the availability of 35mm projectors in major venues holding up? Although this insider view of 35mm’s waning market share was more a performance of technological cultural politics than an analysis of it, it raised a series of issues central to any such analysis. Each film format is a gestalt item, consisting of four parts (that an individual might own): film stock, camera, projector and editor. Along with the availability of processing services, these items comprise a gauge’s viability (not withstanding the existence of camera-less and unedited workflows, and numerous folk developing methods). All these are needed to conjure the geist of the machine at full strength. More importantly, the discussion highlights what happens when such a technology collides with idiosyncratic and unintended use, which happens only because it is manufactured on a much wider scale than eccentric use alone can support. Although nostalgia often plays a role in the advocacy of obsolete technology, its role here should be carefully qualified and not overstated. If it plays a role in the three main economies that support contemporary Super 8, it need not be the same role. Further, even though it is now chiefly the same specialist shops and technicians that supply and service 9.5mm, 8mm, Super 8, and 16mm, they are not sold on the same scale nor to the same purpose. There has been no reported Renaissances of 9.5mm or 8mm, though, as long term home movie formats, they must loom large in the memories of many, and their particular look evokes pastness as surely as any two-colour process. There are some specifics to the trajectory of Super 8 as a non-amateur format that cannot simply be subsumed to general nostalgia or dead technology fetishism. Super 8 as an Art Medium Super 8 has a longer history as an art medium than as a pro-tool or low budget substandard. One key aspect in the invention and supply of amateur film was that it not be an adequate substitute for the professional technology used to populate the media sphere proper. Thus the price of access to motion picture making through amateur gauges has been a marginalisation of the outcome for format reasons alone (Zimmermann, Professional 24; Reekie 110) Eastman Kodak established their 16mm as the acceptable substandard for many non-theatrical uses of film in the 1920s, Pathé’s earlier 28mm having already had some success in this area (Mebold and Tepperman 137, 148-9). But 16mm was still relatively expensive for the home market, and when Kiyooka Eiichi filmed his drive across the US in 1927, his 16mm camera alone cost more than his car (Ruoff 240, 243). Against this, 9.5mm, 8mm and eventually Super 8 were the increasingly affordable substandards to the substandard, marginalised twice over in the commercial world, but far more popular in the consumer market. The 1960s underground film, and the modern artists’ film that was partly recuperated from it, was overwhelmingly based on 16mm, as the collections of its chief distributors, the New York Film-Makers’ Co-op, Canyon Cinema and the Lux clearly show. In the context of experimental film’s longstanding commitment to 16mm, an artist filmmaker’s choice to work with Super 8 had important resonances. Experimental work on 8mm and Super 8 is not hard to come by, even from the 1960s, but consider the cultural stakes of Jonas Mekas’s description of 8mm films as “beautiful folk art, like song and lyric poetry, that was created by the people” (Mekas 83). The evocation of ‘folk art’ signals a yawning gap between 8mm, whose richness has been produced collectively by a large and anonymous group, and the work produced by individual artists such as those (like Mekas himself) who founded the New American Cinema Group. The resonance for artists of the 1960s and 1970s who worked with 8mm and Super 8 was from their status as the premier vulgar film gauge, compounding-through-repetition their choice to work with film at all. By the time Super 8 was declared ‘dead’ in 1980, numerous works by canonical artists had been made in the format (Stan Brakhage, Derek Jarman, Carolee Schneemann, Anthony McCall), and various practices had evolved around the specific possibilities of this emulsion and that camera. The camcorder not only displaced Super 8 as the simplest to use, most ubiquitous and cheapest moving image format, at the same time it changed the hierarchy of moving image formats because Super 8 was now incontestably better than something. Further, beyond the ubiquity, simplicity and size, camcorder video and Super 8 film had little in common. Camcorder replay took advantage of the ubiquity of television, but to this day video projection remains a relatively expensive business and for some time after 1980 the projectors were rare and of undistinguished quality. Until the more recent emergence of large format television (also relatively expensive), projection was necessary to screen to anything beyond very small audience. So, considering the gestalt aspect of these technologies and their functions, camcorders could replace Super 8 only for the capture of home movies and small-scale domestic replay. Super 8 maintained its position as the cheapest way into filmmaking for at least 20 years after its ‘death’, but lost its position as the premier ‘folk’ moving image format. It remained a key format for experimental film through the 1990s, but with constant competition from evolving analogue and digital video, and improved and more affordable video projection, its market share diminished. Kodak has continued to assert the viability of its film stocks and gauges, but across 2005-06 it deleted its Kodachrome Super 8, 16mm and slide range (Kodak, Kodachrome). This became a newsworthy Super 8 story (see Morgan; NYT; Hodgkinson; Radio 4) because Super 8 was the first deletion announced, this was very close to 8 May 2005, which was Global Super 8 Day, Kodachrome 40 (K40) was Super 8’s most famous and still used stock, and because 2005 was Super 8’s 40th birthday. Kodachome was then the most long-lived colour process still available, but there were only two labs left in the world which could supply processing- Kodak’s Lausanne Kodachrome lab in Switzerland, using the authentic company method, and Dwayne’s Photo in the US, using a tolerable but substandard process (Hodgkinson). Kodak launched a replacement stock simultaneously, and indeed the variety of Super 8 stocks is increasing year to year, partly because of new Kodak releases and partly because other companies split Kodak’s 16mm and 35mm stock for use as Super 8 (Allen; Muldowney; Pro8mm; Dager). Nonetheless, the cancelling of K40 convulsed the artists’ film community, and a spirited defence of its unique and excellent properties was lead by artist and activist Pip Chodorov. Chodorov met with a Kodak executive at the Cannes Film Festival, appealed to the French Government and started an online petition. His campaign circular read: EXPLAIN THE ADVANTAGES OF K40We have to show why we care specifically about Kodachrome and why Ektachrome is not a replacement. Kodachrome […] whose fine grain and warm colors […] are often used as a benchmark of quality for other stocks. The unique qualities of the Kodachrome image should be pointed out, and especially the differences between Kodachrome and Ektachrome […]. What great films were shot in Kodachrome, and why? […] What are the advantages to the K-14 process and the Lausanne laboratory? Is K40 a more stable stock, is it more preservable, do the colors fade resistant? Point out differences in the sensitometry curves, the grain structure... There was a rash of protest screenings, including a special all-day programme at Le Festival des Cinemas Différents de Paris, about which Raphaël Bassan wrote This initiative was justified, Kodak having announced in 2005 that it was going to stop the manufacturing of the ultra-sensitive film Kodachrome 40, which allowed such recognized artists as Gérard Courant, Joseph Morder, Stéphane Marti and a whole new generation of filmmakers to express themselves through this supple and inexpensive format with such a particular texture. (Bassan) The distance Super 8 has travelled culturally since analogue video can be seen in the distance between these statements of excellence and the attributes of Super 8 and 8mm that appealed to earlier artists: The great thing about Super 8 is that you can switch is onto automatic and get beyond all those technicalities” (Jarman)An 8mm camera is the ballpoint of the visual world. Soon […] people will use camera-pens as casually as they jot memos today […] and the narrow gauge can make finished works of art. (Durgnat 30) Far from the traits that defined it as an amateur gauge, Super 8 is now lionised in terms more resembling a chemistry historian’s eulogy to the pigments used in Dark Ages illuminated manuscripts. From bic to laspis lazuli. Indie and Pro Super 8 Historian of the US amateur film Patricia R. Zimmermann has charted the long collision between small gauge film, domesticity and the various ‘how-to’ publications designed to bridge the gap. In this she pays particular attention to the ‘how-to’ publications’ drive to assert the commercial feature film as the only model worthy of emulation (Professional 267; Reel xii). This drive continues today in numerous magazines and books addressing the consumer and pro-sumer levels. Alan D. Kattelle has charted a different history of the US amateur film, concentrating on the cine clubs and their national organisation, the Amateur Cine League (ACL), competitive events and distribution, a somewhat less domestic part of the movement which aimed less at family documentation more toward ‘photo-plays’, travelogues and instructionals. Just as interested in achieving professional results with amateur means, the ACL encouraged excellence and some of their filmmakers received commissions to make more widely seen films (Kattelle, Amateur 242). The ACL’s Ten Best competition still exists as The American International Film and Video Festival (Kattelle, Amateur 242), but its remit has changed from being “a showcase for amateur films” to being open “to all non-commercial films regardless of the status of the film makers” (AMPS). This points to both the relative marginalisation of the mid-century notion of the amateur, and that successful professionals and others working in the penumbra of independent production surrounding the industry proper are now important contributors to the festival. Both these groups are the economically important contemporary users of Super 8, but they use it in different ways. Low budget productions use it as cheap alternative to larger gauges or HD digital video and a better capture format than dv, while professional productions use it as a lo-fi format precisely for its degradation and archaic home movie look (Allen; Polisin). Pro8mm is a key innovator, service provider and advocate of Super 8 as an industry standard tool, and is an important and long serving agent in what should be seen as the normalisation of Super 8 – a process of redressing its pariah status as a cheap substandard to the substandard, while progressively erasing the special qualities of Super 8 that underlay this. The company started as Super8 Sound, innovating a sync-sound system in 1971, prior to the release of Kodak’s magnetic stripe sound Super 8 in 1973. Kodak’s Super 8 sound film was discontinued in 1997, and in 2005 Pro8mm produced the Max8 format by altering camera front ends to shoot onto the unused stripe space, producing a better quality image for widescreen. In between they started cutting professional 35mm stocks for Super 8 cameras and are currently investing in ever more high-quality HD film scanners (Allen; Pro8mm). Simultaneous to this, Kodak has brought out a series of stocks for Super 8, and more have been cut down for Super 8 by third parties, that offer a wider range of light responses or ever finer grain structure, thus progressively removing the limitations and visible artefacts associated with the format (Allen; Muldowney; Perkins; Kodak, Motion). These films stocks are designed to be captured to digital video as a normal part of their processing, and then entered into the contemporary digital work flow, leaving little or no indication of the their origins on a format designed to be the 1960s equivalent of the Box Brownie. However, while Super 8 has been used by financially robust companies to produce full-length programmes, its role at the top end of production is more usually as home movie footage and/or to evoke pastness. When service provider and advocate OnSuper8 interviewed professional cinematographer James Chressanthis, he asserted that “if there is a problem with Super 8 it is that it can look too good!” and spent much of the interview explaining how a particular combination of stocks, low shutter speeds and digital conversion could reproduce the traditional degraded look and avoid “looking like a completely transparent professional medium” (Perkins). In his history of the British amateur movement, Duncan Reekie deals with this distinction between the professional and amateur moving image, defining the professional as having a drive towards clarity [that] eventually produced [what] we could term ‘hyper-lucidity’, a form of cinematography which idealises the perception of the human eye: deep focus, increased colour saturation, digital effects and so on. (108) Against this the amateur as distinguished by a visible cinematic surface, where the screen image does not seem natural or fluent but is composed of photographic grain which in 8mm appears to vibrate and weave. Since the amateur often worked with only one reversal print the final film would also often become scratched and dirty. (108-9) As Super 8’s function has moved away from the home movie, so its look has adjusted to the new role. Kodak’s replacement for K40 was finer grained (Kodak, Kodak), designed for a life as good to high quality digital video rather than a film strip, and so for video replay rather than a small gauge projector. In the economy that supports Super 8’s survival, its cameras and film stock have become part of a different gestalt. Continued use is still justified by appeals to geist, but the geist of film in a general and abstract way, not specific to Super 8 and more closely resembling the industry-centric view of film propounded by decades of ‘how-to’ guides. Activity that originally supported Super 8 continues, and currently has embraced the ubiquitous and extremely substandard cameras embedded in mobile phones and still cameras for home movies and social documentation. As Super 8 has moved to a new cultural position it has shed its most recognisable trait, the visible surface of grain and scratches, and it is that which has become obsolete, discontinued and the focus of nostalgia, along with the sound of a film projector (which you can get to go with films transferred to dvd). So it will be left to artist filmmaker Peter Tscherkassky, talking in 1995 about what Super 8 was to him in the 1980s, to evoke what there is to miss about Super 8 today. Unlike any other format, Super-8 was a microscope, making visible the inner life of images by entering beneath the skin of reality. […] Most remarkable of all was the grain. While 'resolution' is the technical term for the sharpness of a film image, Super-8 was really never too concerned with this. Here, quite a different kind of resolution could be witnessed: the crystal-clear and bright light of a Xenon-projection gave us shapes dissolving into the grain; amorphous bodies and forms surreptitiously transformed into new shapes and disappeared again into a sea of colour. Super-8 was the pointillism, impressionism and the abstract expressionism of cinematography. (Howath) Bibliography Allen, Tom. “‘Making It’ in Super 8.” MovieMaker Magazine 8 Feb. 1994. 1 May 2009 ‹http://www.moviemaker.com/directing/article/making_it_in_super_8_3044/›. AMPS. “About the American Motion Picture Society.” American Motion Picture Society site. 2009. 25 Apr. 2009 ‹http://www.ampsvideo.com›. Bassan, Raphaël. “Identity of Cinema: Experimental and Different (review of Festival des Cinémas Différents de Paris, 2005).” Senses of Cinema 44 (July-Sep. 2007). 25 Apr. 2009 ‹http://archive.sensesofcinema.com/contents/07/44/experimental-cinema-bassan.html›. Chodorov, Pip. “To Save Kodochrome.” Frameworks list, 14 May 2005. 28 Apr. 2009 ‹http://www.hi-beam.net/fw/fw29/0216.html›. Dager, Nick. “Kodak Unveils Latest Film Stock in Vision3 Family.” Digital Cinema Report 5 Jan. 2009. 27 Apr. 2009 ‹http://www.digitalcinemareport.com/Kodak-Vision3-film›. Durgnat, Raymond. “Flyweight Flicks.” GAZWRX: The Films of Jeff Keen booklet. Originally published in Films and Filming (Feb. 1965). London: BFI, 2009. 30-31. Frye, Brian L. “‘Me, I Just Film My Life’: An Interview with Jonas Mekas.” Senses of Cinema 44 (July-Sep. 2007). 15 Apr. 2009 ‹http://archive.sensesofcinema.com/contents/07/44/jonas-mekas-interview.html›. Hodgkinson, Will. “End of the Reel for Super 8.” Guardian 28 Sep. 2006. 20 Mar. 2009 ‹http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2006/sep/28/1›. Horwath, Alexander. “Singing in the Rain - Supercinematography by Peter Tscherkassky.” Senses of Cinema 28 (Sep.-Oct. 2003). 5 May 2009 ‹http://archive.sensesofcinema.com/contents/03/28/tscherkassky.html›. Jarman, Derek. In Institute of Contemporary Arts Video Library Guide. London: ICA, 1987. Kattelle, Alan D. Home Movies: A History of the American Industry, 1897-1979. Hudson, Mass.: self-published, 2000. ———. “The Amateur Cinema League and its films.” Film History 15.2 (2003): 238-51. Kodak. “Kodak Celebrates 40th Anniversary of Super 8 Film Announces New Color Reversal Product to Portfolio.“ Frameworks list, 9 May 2005. 23 Mar. 2009 ‹http://www.hi-beam.net/fw/fw29/0150.html›. ———. “Kodachrome Update.” 30 Jun. 2006. 24 Mar. 2009 ‹http://www.hi-beam.net/fw/fw32/0756.html›. ———. “Motion Picture Film, Digital Cinema, Digital Intermediate.” 2009. 2 Apr. 2009 ‹http://motion.kodak.com/US/en/motion/index.htm?CID=go&idhbx=motion›. Mekas, Jonas. “8mm as Folk Art.” Movie Journal: The Rise of the New American Cinema, 1959-1971. Ed. Jonas Mekas. Originally Published in Village Voice 1963. New York: Macmillan, 1972. Morgan, Spencer. “Kodak, Don't Take My Kodachrome.” New York Times 31 May 2005. 4 Apr. 2009 ‹http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F05E1DF1F39F932A05756C0A9639C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=2›. ———. “Fans Beg: Don't Take Kodachrome Away.” New York Times 1 Jun. 2005. 4 Apr. 2009 ‹http://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/31/technology/31iht-kodak.html›. Muldowney, Lisa. “Kodak Ups the Ante with New Motion Picture Film.” MovieMaker Magazine 30 Nov. 2007. 6 Apr. 2009 ‹http://www.moviemaker.com/cinematography/article/kodak_ups_the_ante_with_new_motion_picture_film/›. New York Times. “Super 8 Blues.” 31 May 2005: E1. Perkins, Giles. “A Pro's Approach to Super 8.” OnSuper8 Blogspot 16 July 2007. 13 Apr. 2009 ‹http://onsuper8.blogspot.com/2007/07/pros-approach-to-super-8.html›. Polisin, Douglas. “Pro8mm Asks You to Think Big, Shoot Small.” MovieMaker Magazine 4 Feb. 2009. 1 May 2009 ‹http://www.moviemaker.com/cinematography/article/think_big_shoot_small_rhonda_vigeant_pro8mm_20090127/›. Pro8mm. “Pro8mm Company History.” Super 8 /16mm Cameras, Film, Processing & Scanning (Pro8mm blog) 12 Mar. 2008. 3 May 2009 ‹http://pro8mm-burbank.blogspot.com/2008/03/pro8mm-company-history.html›. Radio 4. No More Yellow Envelopes 24 Dec. 2006. 4 May 2009 ‹http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/factual/pip/m6yx0/›. Reekie, Duncan. Subversion: The Definitive History of the Underground Cinema. London: Wallflower Press, 2007. Sneakernet, Christopher Hutsul. “Kodachrome: Not Digital, But Still Delightful.” Toronto Star 26 Sep. 2005. Swanson, Dwight. “Inventing Amateur Film: Marion Norris Gleason, Eastman Kodak and the Rochester Scene, 1921-1932.” Film History 15.2 (2003): 126-36 Zimmermann, Patricia R. “Professional Results with Amateur Ease: The Formation of Amateur Filmmaking Aesthetics 1923-1940.” Film History 2.3 (1988): 267-81. ———. Reel Families: A Social History of Amateur Film. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1995.
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Chavdarov, Anatoliy V. "Special Issue No. – 10, June, 2020 Journal > Special Issue > Special Issue No. – 10, June, 2020 > Page 5 “Quantative Methods in Modern Science” organized by Academic Paper Ltd, Russia MORPHOLOGICAL AND ANATOMICAL FEATURES OF THE GENUS GAGEA SALISB., GROWING IN THE EAST KAZAKHSTAN REGION Authors: Zhamal T. Igissinova,Almash A. Kitapbayeva,Anargul S. Sharipkhanova,Alexander L. Vorobyev,Svetlana F. Kolosova,Zhanat K. Idrisheva, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00041 Abstract: Due to ecological preferences among species of the genus GageaSalisb, many plants are qualified as rare and/or endangered. Therefore, the problem of rational use of natural resources, in particular protection of early spring plant species is very important. However, literary sources analysis only reveals data on the biology of species of this genus. The present research,conducted in the spring of 2017-2019, focuses on anatomical and morphological features of two Altai species: Gagealutea and Gagea minima; these features were studied, clarified and confirmed by drawings and photographs. The anatomical structure of the stem and leaf blade was studied in detail. The obtained research results will prove useful for studies of medicinal raw materials and honey plants. The aforementioned species are similar in morphological features, yet G. minima issmaller in size, and its shoots appear earlier than those of other species Keywords: Flora,gageas,Altai species,vegetative organs., Refference: I. Atlas of areas and resources of medicinal plants of Kazakhstan.Almaty, 2008. II. Baitenov M.S. Flora of Kazakhstan.Almaty: Ġylym, 2001. III. DanilevichV. G. ThegenusGageaSalisb. of WesternTienShan. PhD Thesis, St. Petersburg,1996. IV. EgeubaevaR.A., GemedzhievaN.G. The current state of stocks of medicinal plants in some mountain ecosystems of Kazakhstan.Proceedings of the international scientific conference ‘”Results and prospects for the development of botanical science in Kazakhstan’, 2002. V. Kotukhov Yu.A. New species of the genus Gagea (Liliaceae) from Southern Altai. Bot. Journal.1989;74(11). VI. KotukhovYu.A. ListofvascularplantsofKazakhstanAltai. Botan. Researches ofSiberiaandKazakhstan.2005;11. VII. KotukhovYu. The current state of populations of rare and endangered plants in Eastern Kazakhstan. Almaty: AST, 2009. VIII. Kotukhov Yu.A., DanilovaA.N., AnufrievaO.A. Synopsisoftheonions (AlliumL.) oftheKazakhstanAltai, Sauro-ManrakandtheZaisandepression. BotanicalstudiesofSiberiaandKazakhstan. 2011;17: 3-33. IX. Kotukhov, Yu.A., Baytulin, I.O. Rareandendangered, endemicandrelictelementsofthefloraofKazakhstanAltai. MaterialsoftheIntern. scientific-practical. conf. ‘Sustainablemanagementofprotectedareas’.Almaty: Ridder, 2010. X. Krasnoborov I.M. et al. The determinant of plants of the Republic of Altai. Novosibirsk: SB RAS, 2012. XI. Levichev I.G. On the species status of Gagea Rubicunda. Botanical Journal.1997;6:71-76. XII. Levichev I.G. A new species of the genus Gagea (Liliaceae). Botanical Journal. 2000;7: 186-189. XIII. Levichev I.G., Jangb Chang-gee, Seung Hwan Ohc, Lazkovd G.A.A new species of genus GageaSalisb.(Liliaceae) from Kyrgyz Republic (Western Tian Shan, Chatkal Range, Sary-Chelek Nature Reserve). Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity.2019; 12: 341-343. XIV. Peterson A., Levichev I.G., Peterson J. Systematics of Gagea and Lloydia (Liliaceae) and infrageneric classification of Gagea based on molecular and morphological data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.2008; 46. XV. Peruzzi L., Peterson A., Tison J.-M., Peterson J. Phylogenetic relationships of GageaSalisb.(Liliaceae) in Italy, inferred from molecular and morphological data matrices. Plant Systematics and Evolution; 2008: 276. XVI. Rib R.D. Honey plants of Kazakhstan. Advertising Digest, 2013. XVII. Scherbakova L.I., Shirshikova N.A. Flora of medicinal plants in the vicinity of Ust-Kamenogorsk. Collection of materials of the scientific-practical conference ‘Unity of Education, Science and Innovation’. Ust-Kamenogorsk: EKSU, 2011. XVIII. syganovA.P. PrimrosesofEastKazakhstan. Ust-Kamenogorsk: EKSU, 2001. XIX. Tsyganov A.P. Flora and vegetation of the South Altai Tarbagatay. Berlin: LAP LAMBERT,2014. XX. Utyasheva, T.R., Berezovikov, N.N., Zinchenko, Yu.K. ProceedingsoftheMarkakolskStateNatureReserve. Ust-Kamenogorsk, 2009. XXI. Xinqi C, Turland NJ. Gagea. Flora of China.2000;24: 117-121. XXII. Zarrei M., Zarre S., Wilkin P., Rix E.M. Systematic revision of the genus GageaSalisb. (Liliaceae) in Iran.BotJourn Linn Soc.2007;154. XXIII. Zarrei M., Wilkin P., Ingroille M.J., Chase M.W. A revised infrageneric classification for GageaSalisb. (Tulipeae; Liliaceae): insights from DNA sequence and morphological data.Phytotaxa.2011:5. View | Download INFLUENCE OF SUCCESSION CROPPING ON ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF NO-TILL CROP ROTATIONS Authors: Victor K. Dridiger,Roman S. Stukalov,Rasul G. Gadzhiumarov,Anastasiya A. Voropaeva,Viktoriay A. Kolomytseva, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00042 Abstract: This study was aimed at examining the influence of succession cropping on the economic efficiency of no-till field crop rotations on the black earth in the zone of unstable moistening of the Stavropol krai. A long-term stationary experiment was conducted to examine for the purpose nine field crop rotation patterns different in the number of fields (four to six), set of crops, and their succession in crop rotation. The respective shares of legumes, oilseeds, and cereals in the cropping pattern were 17 to 33, 17 to 40, and 50 to 67 %. It has been established that in case of no-till field crop cultivation the economic efficiency of plant production depends on the set of crops and their succession in rotation. The most economically efficient type of crop rotation is the soya-winter wheat-peas-winter wheat-sunflower-corn six-field rotation with two fields of legumes: in this rotation 1 ha of crop rotation area yields 3 850 grain units per ha at a grain unit prime cost of 5.46 roubles; the plant production output return and profitability were 20,888 roubles per ha and 113 %, respectively. The high production profitabilities provided by the soya-winter wheat-sunflower four-field and the soya-winter-wheat-sunflower-corn-winter wheat five-field crop rotation are 108.7 and 106.2 %, respectively. The inclusion of winter wheat in crop rotation for two years in a row reduces the second winter wheat crop yield by 80 to 100 %, which means a certain reduction in the grain unit harvesting rate to 3.48-3.57 thousands per ha of rotation area and cuts the production profitability down to 84.4-92.3 %. This is why, no-till cropping should not include winter wheat for a second time Keywords: No-till technology,crop rotation,predecessor,yield,return,profitability, Refference: I Badakhova G. Kh. and Knutas A. V., Stavropol Krai: Modern Climate Conditions [Stavropol’skiykray: sovremennyyeklimaticheskiyeusloviya]. Stavropol: SUE Krai Communication Networks, 2007. II Cherkasov G. N. and Akimenko A. S. Scientific Basis of Modernization of Crop Rotations and Formation of Their Systems according to the Specializations of Farms in the Central Chernozem Region [Osnovy moderniz atsiisevooborotoviformirovaniyaikh sistem v sootvetstvii so spetsi-alizatsiyeykhozyaystvTsentral’nogoChernozem’ya]. Zemledelie. 2017; 4: 3-5. III Decree 330 of July 6, 2017 the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia “On Approving Coefficients of Converting to Agricultural Crops to Grain Units [Ob utverzhdeniikoeffitsiyentovperevoda v zernovyyee dinitsysel’s kokhozyaystvennykhkul’tur]. IV Dridiger V. K., About Methods of Research of No-Till Technology [O metodikeissledovaniytekhnologii No-till]//Achievements of Science and Technology of AIC (Dostizheniyanaukiitekhniki APK). 2016; 30 (4): 30-32. V Dridiger V. K. and Gadzhiumarov R. G. Growth, Development, and Productivity of Soya Beans Cultivated On No-Till Technology in the Zone of Unstable Moistening of Stavropol Region [Rost, razvitiyeiproduktivnost’ soiprivozdelyvaniipotekhnologii No-till v zone ne-ustoychivog ouvlazhneniyaStavropol’skogokraya]//Oil Crops RTBVNIIMK (Maslichnyyekul’turyNTBVNIIMK). 2018; 3 (175): 52–57. VI Dridiger V. K., Godunova E. I., Eroshenko F. V., Stukalov R. S., Gadzhiumarov, R. G., Effekt of No-till Technology on erosion resistance, the population of earthworms and humus content in soil (Vliyaniyetekhnologii No-till naprotivoerozionnuyuustoychivost’, populyatsiyudozhdevykhcherveyisoderzhaniyegumusa v pochve)//Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences. 2018; 9 (2): 766-770. VII Karabutov A. P., Solovichenko V. D., Nikitin V. V. et al., Reproduction of Soil Fertility, Productivity and Energy Efficiency of Crop Rotations [Vosproizvodstvoplodorodiyapochv, produktivnost’ ienergeticheskayaeffektivnost’ sevooborotov]. Zemledelie. 2019; 2: 3-7. VIII Kulintsev V. V., Dridiger V. K., Godunova E. I., Kovtun V. I., Zhukova M. P., Effekt of No-till Technology on The Available Moisture Content and Soil Density in The Crop Rotation [Vliyaniyetekhnologii No-till nasoderzhaniyedostupnoyvlagiiplotnost’ pochvy v sevoob-orote]// Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences. 2017; 8 (6): 795-99. IX Kulintsev V. V., Godunova E. I., Zhelnakova L. I. et al., Next-Gen Agriculture System for Stavropol Krai: Monograph [SistemazemledeliyanovogopokoleniyaStavropol’skogokraya: Monogtafiya]. Stavropol: AGRUS Publishers, Stavropol State Agrarian University, 2013. X Lessiter Frank, 29 reasons why many growers are harvesting higher no-till yields in their fields than some university scientists find in research plots//No-till Farmer. 2015; 44 (2): 8. XI Rodionova O. A. Reproduction and Exchange-Distributive Relations in Farming Entities [Vosproizvodstvoiobmenno-raspredelitel’nyyeotnosheniya v sel’skokhozyaystvennykhorganizatsiyakh]//Economy, Labour, and Control in Agriculture (Ekonomika, trud, upravleniye v sel’skomkhozyaystve). 2010; 1 (2): 24-27. XII Sandu I. S., Svobodin V. A., Nechaev V. I., Kosolapova M. V., and Fedorenko V. F., Agricultural Production Efficiency: Recommended Practices [Effektivnost’ sel’skokhozyaystvennogoproizvodstva (metodicheskiyerekomendatsii)]. Moscow: Rosinforagrotech, 2013. XIII Sotchenko V. S. Modern Corn Cultivation Technologies [Sovremennayatekhnologiyavozdelyvaniya]. Moscow: Rosagrokhim, 2009. View | Download DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF AUTONOMOUS PORTABLE SEISMOMETER DESIGNED FOR USE AT ULTRALOW TEMPERATURES IN ARCTIC ENVIRONMENT Authors: Mikhail A. Abaturov,Yuriy V. Sirotinskiy, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00043 Abstract: This paper is concerned with solving one of the issues of the general problem of designing geophysical equipment for the natural climatic environment of the Arctic. The relevance of the topic has to do with an increased global interest in this region. The paper is aimed at considering the basic principles of developing and the procedure of testing seismic instruments for use at ultralow climatic temperatures. In this paper the indicated issue is considered through the example of a seismic module designed for petroleum and gas exploration by passive seismoacoustic methods. The seismic module is a direct-burial portable unit of around 5 kg in weight, designed to continuously measure and record microseismic triaxial orthogonal (ZNE) noise in a range from 0.1 to 45 Hz during several days in autonomous mode. The functional chart of designing the seismic module was considered, and concrete conclusions were made for choosing the necessary components to meet the ultralow-temperature operational requirements. The conclusions made served for developing appropriate seismic module. In this case, the components and tools used included a SAFT MP 176065 xc low-temperature lithium cell, industrial-spec electronic component parts, a Zhaofeng Geophysical ZF-4.5 Chinese primary electrodynamic seismic sensor, housing seal parts made of frost-resistant silicone materials, and finely dispersed silica gel used as water-retaining sorbent to avoid condensation in the housing. The paper also describes a procedure of low-temperature collation tests at the lab using a New Brunswick Scientific freezing plant. The test results proved the operability of the developed equipment at ultralow temperatures down to -55°C. In addition, tests were conducted at low microseismic noises in the actual Arctic environment. The possibility to detect signals in a range from 1 to 10 Hz at the level close to the NLNM limit (the Peterson model) has been confirmed, which allows monitoring and exploring petroleum and gas deposits by passive methods. As revealed by this study, the suggested approaches are efficient in developing high-precision mobile seismic instruments for use at ultralow climatic temperatures. The solution of the considered instrumentation and methodical issues is of great practical significance as a constituent of the generic problem of Arctic exploration. Keywords: Seismic instrumentation,microseismic monitoring,Peterson model,geological exploration,temperature ratings,cooling test, Refference: I. AD797: Ultralow Distortion, Ultralow Noise Op Amp, Analog Devices, Inc., Data Sheet (Rev. K). Analog Devices, Inc. URL: https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/AD797.pdf(Date of access September 2, 2019). II. Agafonov, V. M., Egorov, I. V., and Shabalina, A. S. Operating Principles and Technical Characteristics of a Small-Sized Molecular–Electronic Seismic Sensor with Negative Feedback [Printsipyraboty I tekhnicheskiyekharakteristikimalogabaritnogomolekulyarno-elektronnogoseysmodatchika s otritsatel’noyobratnoysvyaz’yu]. SeysmicheskiyePribory (Seismic Instruments). 2014; 50 (1): 1–8. DOI: 10.3103/S0747923914010022. III. Antonovskaya, G., Konechnaya, Ya.,Kremenetskaya, E., Asming, V., Kvaema, T., Schweitzer, J., Ringdal, F. Enhanced Earthquake Monitoring in the European Arctic. Polar Science. 2015; 1 (9): 158-167. 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Analytical comparison of seismic instruments for stationary surveys in the Arctic [Sravnitel’nyyanalizseysmicheskoyapparaturydlyastatsionarnykhnablyudeniy v Arktike]. DSYS. URL: https://dsys.ru/upload/id254_docPDF_FranzJosefLand.pdf(Date of access September 2, 2019). X. Dew point temperature calculator. Maple Tech. International LLC. URL: https://www.calculator.net/dew-point-calculator.html?airtemperature=20&airtemperatureunit=celsius&humidity=0.34&dewpoint=&dewpointunit=celsius&x=51&y=14(Date of access September 2, 2019). XI. Frolov, A. S. Matching of wave fields recorded by different geophysical receivers [Soglasovaniyevolnovykhpoley, poluchennykh s primeneniyemrazlichnoyregistriruyushcheyapparatury]. Abstracts IX International scientific and technical conference competition of young specialists “Geophysics-2013”. Saint-Petersburg: Gubkin University, 2013. 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F., Chirkin, I. A., Rizanov, E. G., LeRoy, S. D., Koligaev, S. O. Long-term monitoring of microseismic emissions: Earth tides, fracture distribution, and fluid content. SEG, APPG Interpretation. 2016: 4 (2): T191–T204. XIX. Laverov, N. P., Bogoyavlenskiy, V. I., Bogoyavlenskiy, I. V. Fundamental Aspects of Rational Management of the Petroleum and Gas Resources of the Arctic and the Russian Continental Shelf: Strategy, Prospects, and Problems [Fundamental’nyyeaspektyratsional’nogoosvoyeniyaresursovneftiigazaArktiki I shel’faRossii: strategiya, perspektivyi problem].Arktika: ekologiya I ekonomika [Arctic: Ecology and Economy]. 2016; 2 (22): 4-13. XX. Lee, P. Low Noise Amplifier Selection Guide for Optimal Noise Performance, Analog Devices, Inc., AN-940 Application Note. Analog Devices, Inc. URL: https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/application-notes/AN-940.pdf(Date of access September 2, 2019). XXI. Markatis, N., Polychronopoulou, K., Tselentis, Ak. Passive seismic tomography: A passive concept actively evolving. First Break. 2012; 30 (7): 83-90. XXII. Matveev, I. V. and Matveeva, N. V. Portable seismic recorder “SEISAR-5” with very low energy consumption for autonomous work in harsh climatic conditions [Portativnyyseysmicheskiyregistrator «Seysar-5» s ochen’ nizkimenergopotrebleniyemdlyaavtonomnoyraboty v slozhnykhklimatic heskikhusloviyakh]. Nauka I tekhnologicheskierazrabotki (Science and Technological Developments). 2017; 96 (3): 33-40. [Special Issue “Applied Geophysics: New Developments and Results. Part 1. Seismology and Seismic Exploration]. DOI: 10.21455/std2017.3-3. XXIII. Mishra, R. The Temperature Ratings of Electronic Parts.Electronics Cooling magazine. URL: http://www.electronics-cooling.com/2004/02/the-temperature-ratings-of-electronic-parts(Date of access September 2, 2019). XXIV. Moore, Sue E.; Stabeno, Phyllis J.; Van Pelt, Thomas I. The Synthesis of Arctic Research (SOAR) project. 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View | Download COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH FOOT PATHOLOGY WHO UNDERWENT WEIL OPEN OSTEOTOMY BY CLASSICAL METHOD AND WITHOUT STEOSYNTHESIS Authors: Yuriy V. Lartsev,Dmitrii A. Rasputin,Sergey D. Zuev-Ratnikov,Pavel V.Ryzhov,Dmitry S. Kudashev,Anton A. Bogdanov, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00044 Abstract: The article considers the problem of surgical correction of the second metatarsal bone length. The article analyzes the results of treatment of patients with excess length of the second metatarsal bones that underwent osteotomy with and without osteosynthesis. The results of treatment of patients who underwent metatarsal shortening due to classical Weil-osteotomy with and without osteosynthesis were analyzed. The first group consisted of 34 patients. They underwent classical Weil osteotomy. The second group included 44 patients in whomosteotomy of the second metatarsal bone were not by the screw. When studying the results of the treatment in the immediate postoperative period, weeks 6, 12, slightly better results were observed in patients of the first group, while one year after surgical treatment the results in both groups were comparable. One year after surgical treatment, there were 2.9% (1 patient) of unsatisfactory results in the first group and 4.5% (2 patients) in the second group. Considering the comparability of the results of treatment in remote postoperative period, the choice of concrete method remains with the operating surgeon. Keywords: Flat feet,hallux valgus,corrective osteotomy,metatarsal bones, Refference: I. A novel modification of the Stainsby procedure: surgical technique and clinical outcome [Text] / E. Concannon, R. MacNiocaill, R. Flavin [et al.] // Foot Ankle Surg. – 2014. – Dec., Vol. 20(4). – P. 262–267. II. Accurate determination of relative metatarsal protrusion with a small intermetatarsal angle: a novel simplified method [Text] / L. Osher, M.M. Blazer, S. Buck [et al.] // J. Foot Ankle Surg. – 2014. – Sep.-Oct., Vol. 53(5). – P. 548–556. III. Argerakis, N.G. The radiographic effects of the scarf bunionectomy on rearfoot alignment [Text] / N.G. Argerakis, L.Jr. Weil, L.S. Sr. Weil // Foot Ankle Spec. – 2015. – Apr., Vol. 8(2). – P. 89–94. IV. Bauer, T. Percutaneous forefoot surgery [Text] / T. Bauer // Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res. – 2014. – Feb., Vol. 100(1 Suppl.). – P. S191–S204. V. Biomechanical Evaluation of Custom Foot Orthoses for Hallux Valgus Deformity [Text] // J. Foot Ankle Surg. – 2015. – Sep.-Oct., Vol.54(5). – P. 852–855. VI. Chopra, S. Characterization of gait in female patients with moderate to severe hallux valgus deformity [Text] / S. Chopra, K. Moerenhout, X. Crevoisier // Clin. Biomech. (Bristol, Avon). – 2015. – Jul., Vol. 30(6). – P. 629–635. VII. Computer assisted planning and custom-made surgical guide for malunited pronation deformity after first metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis in rheumatoid arthritis: a case report [Text] / M. Hirao, S. Ikemoto, H. Tsuboi [et al.] // Comput. Aided Surg. – 2014. – Vol. 19(1-3). – P. 13–19. VIII. Correlation between static radiographic measurements and intersegmental angular measurements during gait using a multisegment foot model [Text] / D.Y. Lee, S.G. Seo, E.J. Kim [et al.] // Foot Ankle Int. – 2015. – Jan., Vol.36(1). – P. 1–10. IX. Correlative study between length of first metatarsal and transfer metatarsalgia after osteotomy of first metatarsal [Text]: [Article in Chinese] / F.Q. Zhang, B.Y. Pei, S.T. Wei [et al.] // Zhonghua Yi XueZaZhi. – 2013. – Nov. 19, Vol. 93(43). – P. 3441–3444. X. Dave, M.H. Forefoot Deformity in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Comparison of Shod and Unshod Populations [Text] / M.H. Dave, L.W. Mason, K. Hariharan // Foot Ankle Spec. – 2015. – Oct., Vol. 8(5). – P. 378–383. XI. Does arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint correct the intermetatarsal M1M2 angle? Analysis of a continuous series of 208 arthrodeses fixed with plates [Text] / F. Dalat, F. Cottalorda, M.H. Fessy [et al.] // Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res. – 2015. – Oct., Vol. 101(6). – P. 709–714. XII. Dynamic plantar pressure distribution after percutaneous hallux valgus correction using the Reverdin-Isham osteotomy [Text]: [Article in Spanish] / G. Rodríguez-Reyes, E. López-Gavito, A.I. Pérez-Sanpablo [et al.] // Rev. Invest. Clin. – 2014. – Jul., Vol. 66, Suppl. 1. – P. S79-S84. XIII. Efficacy of Bilateral Simultaneous Hallux Valgus Correction Compared to Unilateral [Text] / A.V. Boychenko, L.N. Solomin, S.G. Parfeyev [et al.] // Foot Ankle Int. – 2015. – Nov., Vol. 36(11). – P. 1339–1343. XIV. Endolog technique for correction of hallux valgus: a prospective study of 30 patients with 4-year follow-up [Text] / C. Biz, M. Corradin, I. Petretta [et al.] // J. OrthopSurg Res. – 2015. – Jul. 2, № 10. – P. 102. XV. First metatarsal proximal opening wedge osteotomy for correction of hallux valgus deformity: comparison of straight versus oblique osteotomy [Text] / S.H. Han, E.H. Park, J. Jo [et al.] // Yonsei Med. J. – 2015. – May, Vol. 56(3). – P. 744–752. XVI. Long-term outcome of joint-preserving surgery by combination metatarsal osteotomies for shortening for forefoot deformity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis [Text] / H. Niki, T. Hirano, Y. Akiyama [et al.] // Mod. Rheumatol. – 2015. – Sep., Vol. 25(5). – P. 683–638. XVII. Maceira, E. Transfer metatarsalgia post hallux valgus surgery [Text] / E. Maceira, M. Monteagudo // Foot Ankle Clin. – 2014. – Jun., Vol. 19(2). – P.285–307. XVIII. Nielson, D.L. Absorbable fixation in forefoot surgery: a viable alternative to metallic hardware [Text] / D.L. Nielson, N.J. Young, C.M. Zelen // Clin. Podiatr. Med. Surg. – 2013. – Jul., Vol. 30(3). – P. 283–293 XIX. Patient’s satisfaction after outpatient forefoot surgery: Study of 619 cases [Text] / A. Mouton, V. Le Strat, D. Medevielle [et al.] // Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res. – 2015. – Oct., Vol. 101(6 Suppl.). – P. S217–S220. XX. Preference of surgical procedure for the forefoot deformity in the rheumatoid arthritis patients–A prospective, randomized, internal controlled study [Text] / M. Tada, T. Koike, T. Okano [et al.] // Mod. Rheumatol. – 2015. – May., Vol. 25(3). – P.362–366. XXI. Redfern, D. Percutaneous Surgery of the Forefoot [Text] / D. Redfern, J. Vernois, B.P. Legré // Clin. Podiatr. Med. Surg. – 2015. – Jul., Vol. 32(3). – P. 291–332. XXII. Singh, D. Bullous pemphigoid after bilateral forefoot surgery [Text] / D. Singh, A. Swann // Foot Ankle Spec. – 2015. – Feb., Vol. 8(1). – P. 68–72. XXIII. Treatment of moderate hallux valgus by percutaneous, extra-articular reverse-L Chevron (PERC) osteotomy [Text] / J. Lucas y Hernandez, P. Golanó, S. Roshan-Zamir [et al.] // Bone Joint J. – 2016. – Mar., Vol. 98-B(3). – P. 365–373. XXIV. Weil, L.Jr. Scarf osteotomy for correction of hallux abducto valgus deformity [Text] / L.Jr. Weil, M. Bowen // Clin. Podiatr. Med. Surg. – 2014. – Apr., Vol.31(2). – P. 233–246. View | Download QUANTITATIVE ULTRASONOGRAPHY OF THE STOMACH AND SMALL INTESTINE IN HEALTHYDOGS Authors: Roman A. Tcygansky,Irina I. Nekrasova,Angelina N. Shulunova,Alexander I.Sidelnikov, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00045 Abstract: Purpose.To determine the quantitative echogenicity indicators (and their ratio) of the layers of stomach and small intestine wall in healthy dogs. Methods. A prospective 3-year study of 86 healthy dogs (aged 1-7 yrs) of different breeds and of both sexes. Echo homogeneity and echogenicity of the stomach and intestines wall were determined by the method of Silina, T.L., et al. (2010) in absolute values ​​of average brightness levels of ultrasound image pixels using the 8-bit scale with 256 shades of gray. Results. Quantitative echogenicity indicators of the stomach and the small intestine wall in dogs were determined. Based on the numerical values ​​characterizing echogenicity distribution in each layer of a separate structure of the digestive system, the coefficient of gastric echogenicity is determined as 1:2.4:1.1 (mucosa/submucosa/muscle layers, respectively), the coefficient of duodenum and jejunum echogenicity is determined as 1:3.5:2 and that of ileum is 1:1.8:1. Clinical significance. The echogenicity coefficient of the wall of the digestive system allows an objective assessment of the stomach and intestines wall and can serve as the basis for a quantitative assessment of echogenicity changes for various pathologies of the digestive system Keywords: Ultrasound (US),echogenicity,echogenicity coefficient,digestive system,dogs,stomach,intestines, Refference: I. Agut, A. Ultrasound examination of the small intestine in small animals // Veterinary focus. 2009.Vol. 19. No. 1. P. 20-29. II. Bull. 4.RF patent 2398513, IPC51A61B8 / 00 A61B8 / 14 (2006.01) A method for determining the homoechogeneity and the degree of echogenicity of an ultrasound image / T. Silina, S. S. Golubkov. – No. 2008149311/14; declared 12/16/2008; publ. 09/10/2010 III. Choi, M., Seo, M., Jung, J., Lee, K., Yoon, J., Chang, D., Park, RD. Evaluation of canine gastric motility with ultrasonography // J. of Veterinary Medical Science. – 2002. Vol. 64. – № 1. – P. 17-21. IV. Delaney, F., O’Brien, R.T., Waller, K.Ultrasound evaluation of small bowel thickness compared to weight in normal dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2003 Vol. 44, № 5. Р 577-580. V. Diana, A., Specchi, S., Toaldo, M.B., Chiocchetti, R., Laghi, A., Cipone, M. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of the small bowel in healthy cats // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. – 2011. – Vol. 52, № 5. – Р. 555-559. VI. Garcia, D.A.A., Froes, T.R. Errors in abdominal ultrasonography in dogs and cats // J. of Small Animal Practice. – 2012. Vol. 53. – № 9. – P. 514-519. VII. Garcia, D.A.A., Froes, T.R. Importance of fasting in preparing dogs for abdominal ultrasound examination of specific organs // J. of Small Animal Practice. – 2014. Vol. 55. – № 12. – P. 630-634. VIII. Gaschen, L., Granger, L.A., Oubre, O., Shannon, D., Kearney, M., Gaschen, F. The effects of food intake and its fat composition on intestinal echogenicity in healthy dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2016. Vol. 57. № 5. P. 546-550 IX. Gaschen, L., Kircher, P., Stussi, A., Allenspach, K., Gaschen, F., Doherr, M., Grone, A. Comparison of ultrasonographic findings with clinical activity index (CIBDAI) and diagnosis in dogs with chronic enteropathies // Veterinary radiology and ultrasound. – 2008. – Vol. 49. – № 1. – Р. 56-64. X. Gil, E.M.U. Garcia, D.A.A. Froes, T.R. In utero development of the fetal intestine: Sonographic evaluation and correlation with gestational age and fetal maturity in dogs // Theriogenology. 2015. Vol. 84, №5. Р. 681-686. XI. Gladwin, N.E. Penninck, D.G., Webster, C.R.L. Ultrasonographic evaluation of the thickness of the wall layers in the intestinal tract of dogs // American Journal of Veterinary Research. 2014. Vol. 75, №4. Р. 349-353. XII. Gory, G., Rault, D.N., Gatel, L, Dally, C., Belli, P., Couturier, L., Cauvin, E. Ultrasonographic characteristics of the abdominal esophagus and cardia in dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2014. Vol. 55, № 5. P. 552-560. XIII. Günther, C.S. Lautenschläger, I.E., Scholz, V.B. Assessment of the inter- and intraobserver variability for sonographical measurement of intestinal wall thickness in dogs without gastrointestinal diseases | [Inter-und Intraobserver-Variabilitätbei der sonographischenBestimmung der Darmwanddicke von HundenohnegastrointestinaleErkrankungen] // Tierarztliche Praxis Ausgabe K: Kleintiere – Heimtiere. 2014. Vol. 42 №2. Р. 71-78. XIV. Hanazono, K., Fukumoto, S., Hirayama, K., Takashima, K., Yamane, Y., Natsuhori, M., Kadosawa, T., Uchide, T. Predicting Metastatic Potential of gastrointestinal stromal tumors in dog by ultrasonography // J. of Veterinary Medical Science. – 2012. Vol. 74. – № 11. – P. 1477-1482. XV. Heng, H.G., Lim, Ch.K., Miller, M.A., Broman, M.M.Prevalence and significance of an ultrasonographic colonic muscularishyperechoic band paralleling the serosal layer in dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2015. Vol. 56 № 6. P. 666-669. XVI. Ivančić, M., Mai, W. Qualitative and quantitative comparison of renal vs. hepatic ultrasonographic intensity in healthy dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2008. Vol. 49. № 4. Р. 368-373. XVII. Lamb, C.R., Mantis, P. Ultrasonographic features of intestinal intussusception in 10 dogs // J. of Small Animal Practice. – 2008. Vol. 39. – № 9. – P. 437-441. XVIII. Le Roux, A. B., Granger, L.A., Wakamatsu, N, Kearney, M.T., Gaschen, L.Ex vivo correlation of ultrasonographic small intestinal wall layering with histology in dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound.2016. Vol. 57. № 5. P. 534-545. XIX. Nielsen, T. High-frequency ultrasound of Peyer’s patches in the small intestine of young cats / T. Nielsen [et al.] // Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. – 2015. – Vol. 18, № 4. – Р. 303-309. XX. PenninckD.G. Gastrointestinal tract. In Nyland T.G., Mattoon J.S. (eds): Small Animal Diagnostic Ultrasound. Philadelphia: WB Saunders. 2002, 2nd ed. Р. 207-230. XXI. PenninckD.G. Gastrointestinal tract. In: PenninckD.G.,d´Anjou M.A. Atlas of Small Animal Ultrasonography. Blackwell Publishing, Iowa. 2008. Р. 281-318. XXII. Penninck, D.G., Nyland, T.G., Kerr, L.Y., Fisher, P.E. Ultrasonographic evaluation of gastrointestinal diseases in small animals // Veterinary Radiology. 1990. Vol. 31. №3. P. 134-141. XXIII. Penninck, D.G.,Webster, C.R.L.,Keating, J.H. The sonographic appearance of intestinal mucosal fibrosis in cats // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. – 2010. – Vol. 51, № 4. – Р. 458-461. XXIV. Pollard, R.E.,Johnson, E.G., Pesavento, P.A., Baker, T.W., Cannon, A.B., Kass, P.H., Marks, S.L. Effects of corn oil administered orally on conspicuity of ultrasonographic small intestinal lesions in dogs with lymphangiectasia // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2013. Vol. 54. № 4. P. 390-397. XXV. Rault, D.N., Besso, J.G., Boulouha, L., Begon, D., Ruel, Y. Significance of a common extended mucosal interface observed in transverse small intestine sonograms // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2004. Vol. 45. №2. Р. 177-179. XXVI. Sutherland-Smith, J., Penninck, D.G., Keating, J.H., Webster, C.R.L. Ultrasonographic intestinal hyperechoic mucosal striations in dogs are associated with lacteal dilation // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. – 2007. Vol. 48. – № 1. – P. 51-57. View | Download EVALUATION OF ADAPTIVE POTENTIAL IN MEDICAL STUDENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF SEASONAL DYNAMICS Authors: Larisa A. Merdenova,Elena A. Takoeva,Marina I. Nartikoeva,Victoria A. Belyayeva,Fatima S. Datieva,Larisa R. Datieva, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00046 Abstract: The aim of this work was to assess the functional reserves of the body to quantify individual health; adaptation, psychophysiological characteristics of the health quality of medical students in different seasons of the year. When studying the temporal organization of physiological functions, the rhythm parameters of physiological functions were determined, followed by processing the results using the Cosinor Analysis program, which reveals rhythms with an unknown period for unequal observations, evaluates 5 parameters of sinusoidal rhythms (mesor, amplitude, acrophase, period, reliability). The essence of desynchronization is the mismatch of circadian rhythms among themselves or destruction of the rhythms architectonics (instability of acrophases or their disappearance). Desynchronization with respect to the rhythmic structure of the body is of a disregulatory nature, most pronounced in pathological desynchronization. High neurotism, increased anxiety reinforces the tendency to internal desynchronization, which increases with stress. During examination stress, students experience a decrease in the stability of the temporary organization of the biosystem and the tension of adaptive mechanisms develops, which affects attention, mental performance and the quality of adaptation to the educational process. Time is shortened and the amplitude of the “initial minute” decreases, personal and situational anxiety develops, and the level of psychophysiological adaptation decreases. The results of the work are priority because they can be used in assessing quality and level of health. Keywords: Desynchronosis,biorhythms,psycho-emotional stress,mesor,acrophase,amplitude,individual minute, Refference: I. Arendt, J., Middleton, B. Human seasonal and circadian studies in Antarctica (Halley, 75_S) – General and Comparative Endocrinology. 2017: 250-259. (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.05.010). II. BalandinYu.P. A brief methodological guide on the use of the agro-industrial complex “Health Sources” / Yu.P. Balandin, V.S. Generalov, V.F. Shishlov. Ryazan, 2007. III. Buslovskaya L.K. Adaptation reactions in students at exam stress/ L.K. Buslovskaya, Yu.P. Ryzhkova. Scientific bulletin of Belgorod State University. Series: Natural Sciences. 2011;17(21):46-52. IV. Chutko L. S. Sindromjemocionalnogovygoranija – Klinicheskie I psihologicheskieaspekty./ L.S Chutko. Moscow: MEDpress-inform, 2013. V. Eroshina K., Paul Wilkinson, Martin Mackey. The role of environmental and social factors in the occurrence of diseases of the respiratory tract in children of primary school age in Moscow. Medicine. 2013:57-71. VI. Fagrell B. “Microcirculation of the Skin”. The physiology and pharmacology of the microcirculation. 2013:423. VII. Gurova O.A. Change in blood microcirculation in students throughout the day. New research. 2013; 2 (35):66-71. VIII. Khetagurova L.G. – Stress/Ed. L.G. Khetagurov. Vladikavkaz: Project-Press Publishing House, 2010. IX. Khetagurova L.G., Urumova L.T. et al. Stress (chronomedical aspects). International Journal of Experimental Education 2010; 12: 30-31. X. Khetagurova L.G., Salbiev K.D., Belyaev S.D., Datieva F.S., Kataeva M.R., Tagaeva I.R. Chronopathology (experimental and clinical aspects/ Ed. L.G. Khetagurov, K.D. Salbiev, S.D.Belyaev, F.S. Datiev, M.R. Kataev, I.R. Tagaev. Moscow: Science, 2004. XI. KlassinaS.Ya. Self-regulatory reactions in the microvasculature of the nail bed of fingers in person with psycho-emotional stress. Bulletin of new medical technologies, 2013; 2 (XX):408-412. XII. Kovtun O.P., Anufrieva E.V., Polushina L.G. Gender-age characteristics of the component composition of the body in overweight and obese schoolchildren. Medical Science and Education of the Urals. 2019; 3:139-145. XIII. Kuchieva M.B., Chaplygina E.V., Vartanova O.T., Aksenova O.A., Evtushenko A.V., Nor-Arevyan K.A., Elizarova E.S., Efremova E.N. A comparative analysis of the constitutional features of various generations of healthy young men and women in the Rostov Region. Modern problems of science and education. 2017; 5:50-59. XIV. Mathias Adamsson1, ThorbjörnLaike, Takeshi Morita – Annual variation in daily light expo-sure and circadian change of melatonin and cortisol consent rations at a northern latitude with large seasonal differences in photoperiod length – Journal of Physiological Anthropology. 2017; 36: 6 – 15. XV. Merdenova L.A., Tagaeva I.R., Takoeva E.A. Features of the study of biological rhythms in children. The results of fundamental and applied research in the field of natural and technical sciences. Materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference. Belgorod, 2017, pp. 119-123. XVI. Ogarysheva N.V. The dynamics of mental performance as a criterion for adapting to the teaching load. Bulletin of the Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 2014;16:5 (1): S.636-638. XVII. Pekmezovi T. Gene-environment interaction: A genetic-epidemiological approach. Journal of Medical Biochemistry. 2010;29:131-134. XVIII. Rapoport S.I., Chibisov S.M. Chronobiology and chronomedicine: history and prospects/Ed. S.M. Chibisov, S.I. Rapoport ,, M.L. Blagonravova. Chronobiology and Chronomedicine: Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN) Press. Moscow, 2018. XIX. Roustit M., Cracowski J.L. “Non-invasive assessment of skin microvascular function in humans: an insight into methods” – Microcirculation 2012; 19 (1): 47-64. XX. Rud V.O., FisunYu.O. – References of the circadian desinchronosis in students. Ukrainian Bulletin of Psychoneurology. 2010; 18(2) (63): 74-77. XXI. Takoeva Z. A., Medoeva N. O., Berezova D. T., Merdenova L. A. et al. Long-term analysis of the results of chronomonitoring of the health of the population of North Ossetia; Vladikavkaz Medical and Biological Bulletin. 2011; 12(12,19): 32-38. XXII. Urumova L.T., Tagaeva I.R., Takoeva E.A., Datieva L.R. – The study of some health indicators of medical students in different periods of the year. Health and education in the XXI century. 2016; 18(4): 94-97. XXIII. Westman J. – Complex diseases. In: Medical genetics for the modern clinician. USA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006. XXIV. Yadrischenskaya T.V. Circadian biorhythms of students and their importance in educational activities. Problems of higher education. Pacific State University Press. 2016; 2:176-178. View | Download TRIADIC COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS Authors: Stanislav A.Kudzh,Victor Ya. Tsvetkov, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00047 Abstract: The present study of comparison methods based on the triadic model introduces the following concepts: the relation of comparability and the relation of comparison, and object comparison and attributive comparison. The difference between active and passive qualitative comparison is shown, two triadic models of passive and active comparison and models for comparing two and three objects are described. Triadic comparison models are proposed as an alternative to dyadic comparison models. Comparison allows finding the common and the different; this approach is proposed for the analysis of the nomothetic and ideographic method of obtaining knowledge. The nomothetic method identifies and evaluates the general, while the ideographic method searches for unique in parameters and in combinations of parameters. Triadic comparison is used in systems and methods of argumentation, as well as in the analysis of consistency/inconsistency. Keywords: Comparative analysis,dyad,triad,triadic model,comparability relation,object comparison,attributive comparison,nomothetic method,ideographic method, Refference: I. AltafS., Aslam.M.Paired comparison analysis of the van Baarenmodel using Bayesian approach with noninformativeprior.Pakistan Journal of Statistics and Operation Research 8(2) (2012) 259{270. II. AmooreJ. E., VenstromD Correlations between stereochemical assessments and organoleptic analysis of odorous compounds. Olfaction and Taste (2016) 3{17. III. BarnesJ., KlingerR. Embedding projection for targeted cross-lingual sentiment: model comparisons and a real-world study. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 66 (2019) 691{742. doi.org/10.1613/jair.1.11561 IV. Castro-SchiloL., FerrerE.Comparison of nomothetic versus idiographic-oriented methods for making predictions about distal outcomes from time series data. Multivariate Behavioral Research 48(2) (2013) 175{207. V. De BonaG.et al. Classifying inconsistency measures using graphs. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 66 (2019) 937{987. VI. FideliR. La comparazione. Milano: Angeli, 1998. VII. GordonT. F., PrakkenH., WaltonD. The Carneades model of argument and burden of proof. Artificial Intelligence 10(15) (2007) 875{896. VIII. GrenzS.J. The social god and the relational self: A Triad theology of the imago Dei. Westminster: John Knox Press, 2001. IX. HermansH.J. M.On the integration of nomothetic and idiographic research methods in the study of personal meaning.Journal of Personality 56(4) (1988) 785{812. X. JamiesonK. G., NowakR. Active ranking using pairwise comparisons.Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (2011) 2240{2248. XI. JongsmaC.Poythress’s triad logic: a review essay. Pro Rege 42(4) (2014) 6{15. XII. KärkkäinenV.M. Trinity and Religious Pluralism: The Doctrine of the Trinity in Christian Theology of Religions. London: Routledge, 2017. XIII. KudzhS. A., TsvetkovV.Ya. Triadic systems. Russian Technology Magazine 7(6) (2019) 74{882. XIV. NelsonK.E.Some observations from the perspective of the rare event cognitive comparison theory of language acquisition.Children’s Language 6 (1987) 289{331. XV. NiskanenA., WallnerJ., JärvisaloM.Synthesizing argumentation frameworks from examples. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 66 (2019) 503{554. XVI. PührerJ.Realizability of three-valued semantics for abstract dialectical frameworks.Artificial Intelligence 278 (2020) 103{198. XVII. SwansonG.Frameworks for comparative research: structural anthropology and the theory of action. In: Vallier, Ivan (Ed.). Comparative methods in sociology: essays on trends and applications.Berkeley: University of California Press, 1971 141{202. XVIII. TsvetkovV.Ya.Worldview model as the result of education.World Applied Sciences Journal 31(2) (2014) 211{215. XIX. TsvetkovV. Ya. Logical analysis and variable scales. Slavic Forum 4(22) (2018) 103{109. XX. Wang S. et al. Transit traffic analysis zone delineating method based on Thiessen polygon. Sustainability 6(4) (2014) 1821{1832. View | Download DEVELOPING TECHNOLOGY OF CREATING WEAR-RESISTANT CERAMIC COATING FOR ICE CYLINDER." JOURNAL OF MECHANICS OF CONTINUA AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES spl10, no. 1 (June 28, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00048.

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