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Journal articles on the topic 'High pressure part'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Comodi, Paola, and Pier Francesco Zanazzi. "Structural study of ellenbergerite. Part II: Effects of high pressure." European Journal of Mineralogy 5, no. 5 (January 1, 1993): 831–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/ejm/5/5/0831.

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2

Beithou, N., and H. S. Aybar. "High-Pressure Steam-Driven Jet Pump—Part II: Parametric Analysis." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 123, no. 3 (January 1, 2000): 701–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1365935.

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The steam-driven jet pump (SDJP) is a device without moving parts, in which steam is used as an energy source to pump cold water from a pressure much lower than the steam pressure to a pressure higher than the steam pressure. In the previous part of this study, the mathematical modeling of the SDJP has been done, and reported. The results of the mathematical modeling of the SDJP have been compared with Cattadori’s experimental results. The comparisons show that the experimental and calculated pressure distributions are in good qualitative agreement. For the same steam inlet pressure of 8.7 MPa, the discharge pressures in the experiment and in the simulation are 9.8 MPa and 9.54 MPa, respectively. The relative difference is two percent. It can be said that the computed discharge pressure is in good agreement with the experimental result. In the current study, a parametric analysis of the SDJP has been done in terms of four independent parameters: steam inlet pressure and temperature, supply water pressure, and temperature. The output parameters are: discharge pressure, temperature, and mass flow rate. As a result of this parametric study, the operation characteristics of the SDJP have been obtained.

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3

Ferraris, Giovanni, Gabriella Ivaldi, and Christian Chopin. "Magnesiodumortierite, a new mineral from very-high-pressure rocks (Western Alps). Part I: Crystal structure." European Journal of Mineralogy 7, no. 1 (February 8, 1995): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/ejm/7/1/0167.

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4

Straka, František, Pavel Albl, and Pavel Pánek. "Creep Deformation of High Pressure Steam Turbine Part." Applied Mechanics and Materials 732 (February 2015): 187–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.732.187.

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Steam turbines are complex rotating machines working at high pressure and high temperature levels. Their high-pressure parts, which are subjected to the highest steam parameters, are most affected by these conditions and may suffer from creep deformation. Permanent changes in geometry become visible in high-pressure turbine casings when they are disassembled after certain time in operation.

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5

Shimizu, Toshiyuki, Mitsuyuki Takishita, Masatsugu Mineo, and Masamichi Kubo. "Examination of New High Pressure Homogenizer. Part 1." Journal of Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan 30, no. 2 (1996): 202–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5107/sccj.30.202.

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6

Sood, R. K., Z. Ye, and R. K. Manchanda. "Ultra-high pressure proportional counters Part II. Xenon." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 344, no. 2 (May 1994): 384–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(94)90087-6.

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7

Joubert, Jean-Marc, Jean-Claude Crivello, and G. Deffrennes. "Modification of Lu's (2005) high pressure model for improved high pressure/high temperature extrapolations. Part I: Modeling of platinum at high pressure/high temperature." Calphad 74 (September 2021): 102304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2021.102304.

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8

John, Ajesh, Ashutosh Kumar, Karthikeyan G., and Pankaj Gupta. "An integrated pore-pressure model and its application to hydrocarbon exploration: A case study from the Mahanadi Basin, east coast of India." Interpretation 2, no. 1 (February 1, 2014): SB17—SB26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2013-0078.1.

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An integrated pore-pressure modeling approach was adopted to understand the basin architecture from a pressure perspective and its inference toward possible hydrocarbon occurrence. Kriging-based 3D pore-pressure modeling was used with offset well data and seismic velocities to establish the pressure stratigraphy of the northeast coast (NEC) field (southern part) in the Mahanadi Basin. Late Pliocene sediment is moderately pressured ([Formula: see text]), whereas early Pliocene sediment is normally pressured ([Formula: see text]) and compacted, representing a regional seal for this part of the basin. Miocene represents the onset window for major undercompaction and associated high pressures ([Formula: see text]) in conformance with the regional pressure trend. Overpressure distribution and its mechanisms in the late Miocene level across the NEC field shows distinct patterns with highly elevated pressures ([Formula: see text]) in the northern part resulting from a hybrid unloading mechanism, whereas moderate to high pressure ([Formula: see text]) toward the southern part is associated with undercompaction. Regional pressure correlation across the study area suggests a pressure dependent habitat of hydrocarbons in the Miocene and late Pliocene levels. Pressure distribution and an excess pressure pattern within the Miocene stratigraphy shows a regression trend from north to south, possibly indicating a preferred subsurface fluid flow direction, which is supported by high-quality gas reservoirs discovered in the southern part of the study area. A similar but reverse pressure regression trend is observed within the late Pliocene stratigraphy, which is also validated by the presence of gas reservoirs in the northern part of the study area. Major hydrocarbon reservoirs in the Miocene and Pliocene stratigraphy from the southern part of study area exhibit a strong correlation with effective stress distribution. High-quality gas reservoirs are mostly associated with high effective stress ([Formula: see text]), whereas a high probability for reservoirs to be water wet are observed below this threshold value.

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9

Qu, Wenrui, Lei Liu, and Qun Zhao. "Pressure Control of High-Pressure Oil Pipe." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (June 29, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6761383.

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In this paper, to realize the pressure stability control of high-pressure oil pipe, the dynamic differential equation of fuel oil inlet and outlet is established based on the theory of mass conservation. According to the change of the pressure in the high-pressure tubing, an optimization model is established to achieve precise control of the working time of each part of the high-pressure oil pipe.

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10

Keinath, Brendon L., and Srinivas Garimella. "High-Pressure Condensing Refrigerant Flows through Microchannels, Part I: Pressure Drop Models." Heat Transfer Engineering 40, no. 9-10 (April 6, 2018): 818–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01457632.2018.1443257.

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11

Joubert, Jean-Marc, Jean-Claude Crivello, and Kirill V. Yusenko. "Modification of Lu's (2005) high pressure model for improved high pressure/high temperature extrapolations. Part II: Modeling of osmium–platinum system at high pressure/high temperature." Calphad 74 (September 2021): 102311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2021.102311.

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12

Sonkin, V. I. "High-pressure gasoline engine problems: turbo lag Part 2." Trudy NAMI, no. 1 (2020): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.51187/0135-3152-2020-1-67-77.

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13

Becker, Daniel, and Horst P. Beck. "A High Pressure Study on NH4Pb2Br5 Type Compounds Part II: Electronic Structure and Changes under High Pressure." Zeitschrift f�r anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 631, no. 1 (January 2005): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.200400364.

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14

Beithou, N., and H. S. Aybar. "High-Pressure Steam-Driven Jet Pump—Part I: Mathematical Modeling." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 123, no. 3 (January 1, 2000): 693–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1365934.

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There are several proposed advanced reactor systems, which consider the utilization of a steam-driven jet pump (SDJP) as an emergency core cooling system. The steam-driven jet pump is a device without moving parts, in which steam is used as an energy source to pump cold water from a pressure much lower than the steam pressure to a pressure higher than the steam pressure. In this study, the mathematical modeling of the SDJP has been done. An experimental analysis of the high-pressure SDJP has been reported by Cattadori et al. The results of the mathematical modeling of the SDJP have been compared with Cattadori’s experimental results. The comparisons show that the experimental and calculated pressure distributions are in good qualitative agreement. A parametric analysis of the SDJP is ongoing.

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15

Akira, Yamazaki. "Story of Development of High-Pressure Processed Foods, Part 1." REVIEW OF HIGH PRESSURE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 6, no. 2 (1997): 128–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4131/jshpreview.6.128.

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16

Lutz, Herb, Joshua Arias, and Yu Zou. "High concentration biotherapeutic formulation and ultrafiltration: Part 1 pressure limits." Biotechnology Progress 33, no. 1 (October 15, 2016): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/btpr.2334.

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17

TAMAOKA, Toru, Noriichi ITOH, and Rikimaru HAYASHI. "High Pressure Effects on Chemical Reactions Related to Food Preparation. Part II. High Pressure Effect on Maillard Reaction." Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 55, no. 8 (1991): 2071–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.55.2071.

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18

KOTSUKI, H., M. KATAOKA, and H. NISHIZAWA. "ChemInform Abstract: High Pressure Organic Chemistry. Part 16. High Pressure-Promoted Uncatalyzed Hydrolysis of Epoxides, e.g. (I), (III)." ChemInform 24, no. 46 (August 20, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199346078.

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19

Kumar, Ashutosh, Karthikeyan Gunasekaran, Nitin Bhardwaj, Jayanta Dutta, and Smita Banerjee. "Origin and distribution of abnormally high pressure in the Mahanadi Basin, east coast of India." Interpretation 4, no. 3 (August 1, 2016): T303—T311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2015-0087.1.

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Drilling deep wells in the Mahanadi Basin of the east coast of India is highly challenging because of the variations in pore pressure in the Miocene formations. We have observed that the wells drilled in the northern part of the study area have more drilling hazards due to the presence of high pore pressure (modular dynamic test measurements of up to 18.5 ppg) when compared with wells drilled in the southern part of the basin. In the northern part, pore pressure prediction assuming disequilibrium compaction (DC) underpredicts by approximately 2–3.5 ppg when compared with observed pressures; however, in the southern part, pressure prediction matches the observed pressures in the drilled wells. Analysis of sonic velocity-density crossplots suggests that along with DC, some other secondary mechanism also plays an important role in generating excess overpressure in the northern part of the study area; however, the well data do not indicate the presence of an established secondary mechanism, such as fluid expansion, clay conversion, or cementation. The prime difference between the northern and southern areas is the presence of multiple canyon cuts in the northern part and the observation that very high overpressures occur below these canyon cuts. Hence, an attempt was made to ascertain the relationship between the presence of canyon cuts and the observed high pressure with the help of burial history modeling that incorporates the canyon cut features. Pressure estimation based on this approach closely matches the observed pressures in the drilled wells. This very high overpressure observed in the northern part is most likely generated by the combined effect of porosity rebound (due to overburden removal) along with persistence of overpressures that developed prior to erosion. This burial history modeling approach helps in recognizing and understanding the impact of erosional canyon cut events on generation of excess overpressure in the study area. Furthermore, effective stress methods that take secondary pressure generating mechanisms (unloading) into account are used to quantify the difference in pore pressure.

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20

Hugi-Cleary, Deirdre, Lothar Helm, and Andre E. Merbach. "High pressure NMR kinetics. Part 30. Water exchange on hexaaquagallium(III): high-pressure evidence for a dissociative exchange mechanism." Journal of the American Chemical Society 109, no. 15 (July 1987): 4444–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00249a003.

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21

Mori, Kaori, Tomoyuki Yamauchi, Jacques Maddaluno, Keiji Nakano, Yoshiyasu Ichikawa, and Hiyoshizo Kotsuki. "ChemInform Abstract: High-Pressure Organic Chemistry. Part 37. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Hetero-Diels-Alder Reaction of Oxindoles under High Pressure." ChemInform 43, no. 2 (December 15, 2011): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201202120.

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22

Moritaka, Maya, Keiji Nakano, Yoshiyasu Ichikawa, and Hiyoshizo Kotsuki. "ChemInform Abstract: High-Pressure Organic Chemistry. Part 38. Efficient Organocatalytic Michael Addition Reaction of β-Ketoesters under High Pressure." ChemInform 45, no. 11 (February 27, 2014): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201411081.

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23

Angel, R. J., D. R. Allan, R. Miletich, and L. W. Finger. "The Use of Quartz as an Internal Pressure Standard in High-Pressure Crystallography." Journal of Applied Crystallography 30, no. 4 (August 1, 1997): 461–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889897000861.

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The unit-cell parameters of quartz, SiO2, have been determined by single-crystal diffraction at 22 pressures to a maximum pressure of 8.9 GPa (at room temperature) with an average precision of 1 part in 9000. Pressure was determined by the measurement of the unit-cell volume of CaF2 fluorite included in the diamond-anvil pressure cell. The variation of quartz unit-cell parameters with pressure is described by: a −4.91300 (11) = −0.0468 (2) P + 0.00256 (7) P 2 − 0.000094 (6) P 3, c − 5.40482 (17) = − 0.03851 (2) P + 0.00305 (7) P 2 − 0.000121 (6) P 3, where P is in GPa and the cell parameters are in ångstroms. The volume–pressure data of quartz are described by a Birch–Murnaghan third-order equation of state with parameters V 0 = 112.981 (2) å3, K T0 = 37.12 (9) GPa and K′ = 5.99 (4). Refinement of K′′ in a fourth-order equation of state yielded a value not significantly different from the value implied by the third-order equation. The use of oriented quartz single crystals is proposed as an improved internal pressure standard for high-pressure single-crystal diffraction experiments in diamond-anvil cells. A measurement precision of 1 part in 10 000 in the volume of quartz leads to a precision in pressure measurement of 0.009 GPa at 9 GPa.

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24

Takasaki, Kenji, Umeki Hiroshi, Kaori Enatsu, Fujinobu Tanaka, Hidetaka Kumagami, and Haruo Takahashi. "S118 – Study of Pharyngeal Swallowing by High-resolution Manometry." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 139, no. 2_suppl (August 2008): P116—P117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2008.05.291.

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Objectives This study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of a novel high-resolution manometry (HRM) system, and to establish normal values of swallowing pressures along the velopharynx and upper esophagus. Methods 33 asymptomatic adult Japanese controls were studied. A solid-state HRM assembly with 36 circumferential sensors spaced 1 cm apart was positioned to record pressures during swallowing from the velopharynx to the upper esophagus. The maximum values of the swallowing (dry and 5 ml of water) pressures at velo, meso-hypopharynx, and at the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) were measured. The resting UES pressure, the length of the part in the cervical esophagus showing the resting UES pressure, and the distance from the nostril to the above-mentioned points of pressure were also measured. Results The maximum value of dry and water swallowing pressures at the velopharynx, meso-hypopharynx and UES, and the distances from the nasal vestibulum to each point were 132.3±61.3 (mmHg, mean ± standard deviation), and 146.5±77.5, 171.6±52.0, and 176.3±74.4, 163.5±70.6, and 239.3±80.1, and 9.8±1.2 (cm), and 9.8±1.3, 13.6±1.6, and 13.7±1.5, 17.0±1.9 and 17.1±1.6, respectively. The maximum value of the resting USE pressure, the length of the part in the cervical esophagus showing the resting USE pressure, and the distance from the nostril to the mid-point of the length of the resting UES pressure were 66.6±28.1 mmHg, 3.8±0.7 cm, and 18.2±1.6 cm, respectively. Conclusions The present study provides anatomical and physiological information about normal swallowing along the velopharynx and upper esophagus, which will be an aid to future clinical and investigative studies.

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25

Bakhtar, F., and K. Zidi. "Nucleation Phenomena in Flowing High-Pressure Steam Part 2: Theoretical Analysis." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 204, no. 4 (November 1990): 233–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1990_204_032_02.

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26

Strizhak, L. Ya. "Improvement in the flow-through part of high-pressure centrifugal compressors." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 28, no. 2 (February 1992): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01148827.

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27

Kriegel, Mario J., Marius H. Wetzel, André Treichel, Olga Fabrichnaya, and David Rafaja. "Binary Ti–Fe system. Part I: Experimental investigation at high pressure." Calphad 74 (September 2021): 102322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2021.102322.

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28

Barbillon, Grégory. "Nanoplasmonics in High Pressure Environment." Photonics 7, no. 3 (July 28, 2020): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics7030053.

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An explosion in the interest for nanoplasmonics has occurred in order to realize optical devices, biosensors, and photovoltaic devices. The plasmonic nanostructures are used for enhancing and confining the electric field. In the specific case of biosensing, this electric field confinement can induce the enhancement of the Raman signal of different molecules, or the localized surface plasmon resonance shift after the detection of analytes on plasmonic nanostructures. A major part of studies concerning to plasmonic modes and their application to sensing of analytes is realized in ambient environment. However, over the past decade, an emerging subject of nanoplasmonics has appeared, which is nanoplasmonics in high pressure environment. In last five years (2015–2020), the latest advances in this emerging field and its application to sensing were carried out. This short review is focused on the pressure effect on localized surface plasmon resonance of gold nanosystems, the supercrystal formation of plasmonic nanoparticles stimulated by high pressure, and the detection of molecules and phase transitions with plasmonic nanostructures in high pressure environment.

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29

KOTSUKI, H., K. HAYASHIDA, T. SHIMANOUCHI, and H. NISHIZAWA. "ChemInform Abstract: High-Pressure Organic Chemistry. Part 19. High Pressure Promoted, Silica Gel Catalyzed Reaction of Epoxides with Nitrogen Heterocycles." ChemInform 27, no. 27 (August 5, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199627078.

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30

Narożnik, Marek. "Recombination of radicals in the high-pressure and high-temperature limit Part 1Reaction CH3+CH3." Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 94, no. 17 (1998): 2531–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/a802614i.

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31

Narożnik, Marek, and Jan Niedzielski. "Recombination of radicals in the high-pressure and high-temperature limit Part 2Reaction CH3+H." Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 94, no. 17 (1998): 2541–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/a802618a.

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32

Mohr, K. H. "High-pressure homogenization. Part I. Liquid-liquid dispersion in turbulence fields of high energy density." Journal of Food Engineering 6, no. 3 (January 1987): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0260-8774(87)90023-9.

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33

Cashion, Kelly, Nilesh Powar, Robert De Neff, and Robert Kress. "Part Quality Assessment using Convolution Neural Networks in High Pressure Die Casting." Electronic Imaging 2018, no. 9 (January 28, 2018): 277–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2018.09.iriacv-277.

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34

Raal, J. D., and A. L. Mühlbauer. "The Measurement of High Pressure Vapour-Liquid-Equilibria: Part I: Dynamic Methods." Developments in Chemical Engineering and Mineral Processing 2, no. 2-3 (May 15, 2008): 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apj.5500020201.

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35

Raal, J. D., and A. L. Mühlbauer. "The Measurement of High Pressure Vapour-Liquid-Equilibria: Part II: Static Methods." Developments in Chemical Engineering and Mineral Processing 2, no. 2-3 (May 15, 2008): 88–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apj.5500020202.

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36

Keinath, Brendon L., and Srinivas Garimella. "High-pressure Condensing Refrigerant Flows Through Microchannels, Part II: Heat Transfer Models." Heat Transfer Engineering 40, no. 9-10 (April 5, 2018): 830–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01457632.2018.1443258.

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37

Ubah, Chinedu G., and Edouard Asselin. "High Pressure and Temperature Electrochemical Cell Design for Corrosion Research: Part I." ECS Transactions 19, no. 29 (December 18, 2019): 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.3259795.

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38

Adams, David M., and Patrick A. Fletcher. "Vibrational spectroscopy at high pressure: Part 53. Alkali metavanadates and copper metagermanate." Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular Spectroscopy 44, no. 2 (January 1988): 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0584-8539(88)80248-4.

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39

Bąkowicz, Julia, and Ilona Turowska-Tyrk. "Photo-induced structural transformations in crystals at high pressure. Part 1. The crystallographic studies of the photochemical reaction at high pressure." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 232 (March 2012): 41–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2012.01.014.

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40

KOTSUKI, H., T. SHIMANOUCHI, M. TERAGUCHI, M. KATAOKA, A. TATSUKAWA, and H. NISHIZAWA. "ChemInform Abstract: High Pressure Organic Chemistry. Part 18. High-Pressure Promoted and Silica Gel Catalyzed Aminolysis of Epoxides with Gylcine Esters." ChemInform 26, no. 20 (August 18, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199520059.

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41

Matulewicz, Richard, Antonio R. Gargiulo, Stephen H. Loring, and Massimo Ferrigno. "Unusually High Intra-abdominal Opening Pressure Confirmed by Simultaneous Gastric Pressure Measurement during Laparoscopy." Open Anesthesiology Journal 6, no. 1 (March 7, 2012): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874321801206010012.

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A 28 year-old obese woman was scheduled for robot-assisted bilateral tubal re-anastomosis under general anesthesia and neuromuscular blockade. As part of a respiratory mechanics study, gastric pressure (Pga) was measured. At the beginning of the operation, the surgeon repeatedly inserted a Veress needle consistently measuring an unusually high opening pressure of 15 mmHg, at a time when Pga was 12.5 mmHg. Based on the elevated Pga values, we inferred that the high opening pressure was a valid intra-peritoneal pressure, rather than a sign of incorrect needle placement; therefore, the surgeon proceeded with uneventful insufflation of the peritoneal cavity. This patient exhibited an unusually high opening intra-abdominal pressure that likely reflected her high degree of central obesity. Simultaneous Pga determination proved valuable in confirming intra-peritoneal location of the tip of Veress needle and may be a viable method of corroborating high opening pressures despite safe needle positions in laparoscopic cases.

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42

Ames, F. E. "Aspects of Vane Film Cooling With High Turbulence: Part II—Adiabatic Effectiveness." Journal of Turbomachinery 120, no. 4 (October 1, 1998): 777–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2841789.

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A four-vane subsonic cascade was used to investigate the influence of turbulence on vane film cooling distributions. The influence of film injection on vane heat transfer distributions in the presence of high turbulence was examined in part I of this paper. Vane effectiveness distributions were documented in the presence of a low level of turbulence (1 percent) and were used to contrast results taken at a high level (12 percent) of large-scale turbulence. All data were taken at a density ratio of about 1. The three geometries chosen to study included one row and two staggered rows of downstream film cooling on both the suction and pressure surfaces as well as a showerhead array. Turbulence was found to have a moderate influence on pressure surface film cooling, particularly at the lower velocity ratios. The strong pressure gradients on the pressure surface of the vane were also found to alter film cooling distributions substantially. At lower velocity ratios, effectiveness distributions for two staggered rows of holes could be predicted well using data from one row superposed. At higher velocity ratios the two staggered rows produced significantly higher levels of effectiveness than values estimated from single row data superposed. Turbulence was also found to reduce effectiveness levels produced by showerhead film cooling substantially.

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43

Bicalho Civinelli de Almeida, Victor, and Dieter Peitsch. "Aeroelastic assessment of a highly loaded high pressure compressor exposed to pressure gain combustion disturbances." Journal of the Global Power and Propulsion Society 2 (October 15, 2018): F72OUU. http://dx.doi.org/10.22261/jgpps.f72ouu.

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A numerical aeroelastic assessment of a highly loaded high pressure compressor exposed to flow disturbances is presented in this paper. The disturbances originate from novel, inherently unsteady, pressure gain combustion processes, such as pulse detonation, shockless explosion, wave rotor or piston topping composite cycles. All these arrangements promise to reduce substantially the specific fuel consumption of present-day aeronautical engines and stationary gas turbines. However, their unsteady behavior must be further investigated to ensure the thermodynamic efficiency gain is not hindered by stage performance losses. Furthermore, blade excessive vibration (leading to high cycle fatigue) must be avoided, especially under the additional excitations frequencies from waves traveling upstream of the combustor. Two main numerical analyses are presented, contrasting undisturbed with disturbed operation of a typical industrial core compressor. The first part of the paper evaluates performance parameters for a representative blisk stage with high-accuracy 3D unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes computations. Isentropic efficiency as well as pressure and temperature unsteady damping are determined for a broad range of disturbances. The nonlinear harmonic balance method is used to determine the aerodynamic damping. The second part provides the aeroelastic harmonic forced response of the rotor blades, with aerodynamic damping and forcing obtained from the unsteady calculations in the first part. The influence of blade mode shapes, nodal diameters and forcing frequency matching is also examined.

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44

Goncharov, Alexander, Elissaios Stavrou, Sergey Lobanov, Artem Oganov, Valery Roisen, Artem Chanyshev, Konstantin Litasov, Zuzana Konopkova, Kirill Zhuravlev, and Vitali Prakapenka. "Structure of methane and ethane at high pressure." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (August 5, 2014): C757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314092420.

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Methane is one of the most abundant hydrocarbon molecules in the universe and is expected to be a significant part of the icy giant planets (Uranus and Neptune) and their satellites. Ethane is one of the most predictable products of chemical reactivity of methane at extreme pressures and temperatures. In spite of numerous experimental and theoretical studies, the structure and relative stability of these materials even at room temperature remains controversial. We have performed a combined experimental and theoretical study of both methane and ethane up at high pressures up to 120 GPa at 300 K using x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy and the ab-initio evolutionary algorithm, respectively. In the case of methane we have successfully solved the structure of phase B by determining the space group and the positional parameters of carbon atoms, and by completing these results for the hydrogen positions using the theoretical calculations. The general structural behavior under pressure and the relation between phase B and phases A and pre-B will be also discussed. For ethane we have determined the crystallization point, for room temperature, at 1.7 GPa and also the low pressure crystal structure (Phase A). This crystal structure is orientationally disordered (plastic phase) and deviates from the known crystal structures for ethane at low temperatures. Moreover, a pressure induced phase transition has been indentified, for the first time, at 18 GPa to a monoclinic phase III, the structure of which is solved based on a good agreement of the experimental results and theoretical predictions. We have determined the equations of state of methane and ethane, which provides a solid basis for the discussion of their relative stability at high pressures.

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45

Cerruto, Emanuele, Giuseppe Emma, and Giuseppe Manetto. "SPRAY APPLICATIONS TO TOMATO PLANTS IN GREENHOUSES. PART 2: EFFECT OF SPRAY LANCE TYPE." Journal of Agricultural Engineering 40, no. 3 (September 30, 2009): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jae.2009.3.49.

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The present paper reports the results of some spray application trials carried out in a greenhouse with full developed tomato plants to assess foliar deposition, ground losses, and dermal operator exposure when using handheld high pressure spray lances and when walking backwards during treatments. Two spray lance types (conventional with one nozzle and Yamaho C-6 with two steel nozzles, each with two orifices) and two working pressures (10 and 20 bar) were taken into consideration. An experimental design with two factors (spray lance and pressure) was adopted, arranged according to a randomised block design with three replicates. Volume application rates ranged from 775 up to 1252 L/ha, but all data were normalised to 1000 L/ha. The results showed no statistically significant differences in the mean foliar deposition between the two spray lances and the two working pressures. However, the higher pressure improved significantly the deposit into the internal layer of the canopy (+57%), whereas the Yamaho C-6 spray lance produced a higher deposit on the external layer at any pressure. The greatest differences between external and internal layer were mainly concentrated in the middle and high parts of the canopy, where there were 55 007_Cerruto(557)_49 18-11-2009 11:59 Pagina 55 the highest values of LAI and number of foliar layers. The fraction of the applied volume rate on the ground was on average 25 percent and it was affected only by the pressure value: it increased from 21.7 to 28.7 percent when the pressure increased from 10 to 20 bar, due mainly to the contribution of the conventional spray lance under the sprayed twin-rows. Finally, neither pressure nor spray lance type affected significantly the dermal operator exposure. Upper limbs accounted for 51 percent of the total exposure, while trunk and lower limbs accounted for 24 percent each. The body parts more exposed were the left arm and the hands, but also relatively high was the deposit on the respirator, so operators should ever wear appropriate personal protective equipment.

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Bredmose, H., G. N. Bullock, and A. J. Hogg. "Violent breaking wave impacts. Part 3. Effects of scale and aeration." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 765 (January 16, 2015): 82–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2014.692.

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AbstractThe effects of scale and aeration on violent breaking wave impacts with trapped and entrained air are investigated both analytically and numerically. By dimensional analysis we show that the impact pressures for Froude scaled conditions prior to the impact depend on the scale and aeration level. The Bagnold–Mitsuyasu scaling law for the compression of an air pocket by a piston of incompressible water is rederived and generalised to 3D air pockets of arbitrary shape. Numerical results for wall pressure, force and impulse are then presented for a flip-through impact, a low-aeration impact and a high-aeration impact, for nine scales and five levels of initial aeration. Two of these impact types trap a pocket of air at the wall. Among the findings of the paper is that for fixed initial aeration, impact pressures from the flip-through impact broadly follow Froude scaling. This is also the case for the two impact types with trapped air pockets for impact pressures below 318 kPa, while impact pressures above this value broadly follow the Bagnold–Mitsuyasu scaling law with full-scale pressures greater than those predicted by the Froude law. For all impact types, the effect of aeration is found to reduce the maximum impact pressure, maximum force and impulse. Good agreement with the asymptotic model of Peregrine & Thais (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 325, 1996, pp. 377–397) is found for the flip-through impact pressure and a fair agreement is found for the low- and high-aeration impacts. Based on the numerical results, a modified scaling curve that combines Froude scaling and the Bagnold–Mitsuyasu law is suggested. The practical implications of the findings are discussed and attention is drawn to the limitations of physical model tests.

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Schantz, A. Benjamin, Boya Xiong, Elizabeth Dees, David R. Moore, Xuejing Yang, and Manish Kumar. "Emerging investigators series: prospects and challenges for high-pressure reverse osmosis in minimizing concentrated waste streams." Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology 4, no. 7 (2018): 894–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ew00137e.

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If challenges such as mechanical stability, scaling, biofouling and concentration polarization at high pressures are addressed, high-pressure RO could be used to efficiently remove water from high-salinity waste brines as part of a zero-liquid-discharge disposal process.

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48

Hoskins, C. "The Care and Maintenance of High-Temperature, High-Pressure Pipework Systems." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 208, no. 2 (May 1994): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1994_208_020_02.

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This paper describes the routine inspections carried out on the high-temperature, high-pressure steam pipework associated with large electricity generating units owned by PowerGen. The early implementation of the Pressure Systems and Transportable Gas Container Regulations, 1989, has allowed power stations more flexibility to set intervals between outages for inspection compared to the fixed intervals required under the Factories Act, 1961. Part of these inspections includes a detailed examination of high-temperature, high- pressure steam pipework welds and support systems. The method of inspection and analysis carried out to contain the risk of failure at welds due to high system stresses is described in the paper. Details are also included of how pipework flexibility analyses have been used to redesign some systems that have exhibited significant problems.

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49

Kisacik, Dogan, Peter Troch, and Philippe Van Bogaert. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF PRESSURE DISTRIBUTIONS DUE TO THE BREAKING WAVE IMPACTS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (December 15, 2012): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.structures.77.

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Results from wave impact tests are used to analyze the pressure distribution on a vertical structure with an overhanging horizontal cantilever slab. The structure faces two individual impacts, occurring sequentially on the vertical and horizontal parts. An expression is being proposed for the location of maximum pressures p_max (z_max) on the vertical part as a function of the wave steepness (H⁄L_0 ). The boundary conditions for occurring of high dynamic pressures are determined both on the vertical and horizontal part. Three different pressure distribution cases are proposed as SBW, BW and BWSAT according to the breaker type. For each breaker type, the local pressure ratio’s p_h3⁄p_h1 , p_h1⁄p_v1 , and p_h2⁄p_v1 are analyzed, where p_h1, p_h2 and p_h3 are the local peak pressure at the SWL and top and bottom of the vertical part respectively, whereas, p_v1 is the local peak pressure on the horizontal part. Recommended profiles are calculated from local p_max values.

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Fuchs, Flávio D., and Paul K. Whelton. "High Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Disease." Hypertension 75, no. 2 (February 2020): 285–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.14240.

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Fragmented investigation has masked the overall picture for causes of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Among the risk factors for CVD, high blood pressure (BP) is associated with the strongest evidence for causation and it has a high prevalence of exposure. Biologically, normal levels of BP are considerably lower than what has typically been characterized as normal in research and clinical practice. We propose that CVD is primarily caused by a right-sided shift in the population distribution of BP. Our view that BP is the predominant risk factor for CVD is based on conceptual postulates that have been tested in observational investigations and clinical trials. Large cohort studies have demonstrated that high BP is an important risk factor for heart failure, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease, heart valve diseases, aortic syndromes, and dementia, in addition to coronary heart disease and stroke. In multivariate modeling, the presumed attributable risk of high BP for stroke and coronary heart disease has increased steadily with progressive use of lower values for normal BP. Meta-analysis of BP-lowering randomized controlled trials has demonstrated a benefit which is almost identical to that predicted from BP risk relationships in cohort studies. Prevention of age-related increases in BP would, in large part, reduce the vascular consequences usually attributed to aging, and together with intensive treatment of established hypertension would eliminate a large proportion of the population burden of BP-related CVD.

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